S CENTRAL RESERVE POLICE FORCE O U V E N I

DIAMOND JUBILEE (1939-2014) R 75 Years of Selfless Service to the Nation

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Central Reserve Police Force 4 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Sh Dilip Trivedi, DG CRPF greets Shri Narendra Modi, Hon'ble Prime Minister of India, on the occasion of the historic "Run for Unity" organized on 31st October, 2014 – Birth Anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 5 Chief Patron — Dilip Trivedi, DG CRPF EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

Chairman — R.K. Pachnanda, Addl. DG (Works & Ops)

Members — Shailendra Kumar, IG (Works & Communication) — Anupam Kulshreshtha, DIG (Adm) — Mahesh Kumar, DIG (Communication) — S.M. Hasnain, DIG (IT) — B.C. Khanduri, PRO

Chief Editor — B.C. Khanduri, PRO

Concept, Editing, Layout & Design — Tamal Sanyal

Photos — PR Photo Cell & CRPF Units

Disclaimer The views expressed by authors in the articles published in this souvenir are their own and the department doesn't subscribe to them Chief Editor

Printed by : India Offset Press, A-1, Mayapuri Indl. Area, Phase-1, New Delhi-110064

Central Reserve Police Force 6 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Contents

Messages from VVIPs 8 A Saga of glorious past 62 –B.S. Chauhan, Director ISA, Mount Abu From the Director General’s Desk 15 What’s in a name 70 Visit of Dignitaries : Hon’ble Presidents of India 16 –S.D. Pandey, Former DG, CRPF Directors General of CRPF 17 Thy ‘will’ be done 74 Distinguished Medal Awardees 21 –Rakesh Jaruhar, Former Special DG, CRPF

National Sports awardees of CRPF 23 A critical overview of the Counter-insurgency 78 doctrines of Britain, USA & Israel "CRPF Theme Song" release function 26 –Dr. N.C. Asthana, IG Training, CRPF Seventy five years of CRPF : An overview 35 The Memorable Journey 82 –Ramesh Chandra, Former IG, CRPF –Dr. B.N.Ramesh, Director CRPF Academy From Raj to Republic 45 Kadarpur, Gurgaon –J.S. Gill, Former IG, CRPF CRPF Sanchaar 93 A Silver Trophy 52 –Shailendra Kumar, IG (Communication –Dr. Trinath Mishra, Former DG, CRPF & Works), CRPF

CRPF : An ever growing organization 57 RAF - In the Global Scenario 97 –Dr. A.P.Maheshwari, IG N/Sector, CRPF –Marianus Minj, DIG RAF Message

jk"Vªifr Hkkjr x.kra=k PRESIDENT REPUBLIC OF INDIA

I am happy to learn that the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is celebrating its Diamond Jubilee this year.

It is indeed a matter of pride that over the years the CRPF has acquired the reputation of being the "Go To" force in any crisis. Having been assigned a multi-dimensional role, it has displayed tremendous versatility in dealing with multifarious problems across the length and breadth of the country. I am pleased to note that apart from having distinguished itself operationally, the Force has realised the need to engage with the public wherever deployed and has made a difference in their lives through its Civic Action Programmes. The efficient and near flawless conduct of the Assembly Elections, 2013 and General Parliamentary Elections–2014 have added another feather to the cap of this glorious Force.

On this memorable occasion, I extend my warm greetings and good wishes to all the ranks and families of the Force who have consistently rendered yeoman service in preserving the unity and integrity of the nation. I wish CRPF great success in all its endeavours.

New Delhi July 17, 2014 (PRANAB MUKHERJEE) Message

mi&jk"Vªifr Hkkjr VICE-PRESIDENT INDIA

I am happy to know that the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is celebrating its Diamond Jubilee this year.

The CRPF is an important component of our national security apparatus. The brave men and women of the Force have served the nation in an exemplary manner, demonstrating highest levels of professionalism, courage and discipline, whether performing internal security duties or undertaking civic action programmes, under most trying circumstances, in various parts of the country.

On this momentous occasion, I extend my good wishes to all ranks of the CRPF and their families and wish the Diamond Jubilee Celebrations every success.

New Delhi August 6, 2014

(M. HAMID ANSARI) Message

iz/kuea=kh Hkkjr PRIME MINISTER INDIA

It gives me pleasure to learn that Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is celebrating its Diamond Jubilee this year. My greetings and good wishes to all rank and file. CRPF deserves my special compliments.

I am confident that the Force will rededicate itself to the Service of Nation and develop its vision for impending challenges of internal security.

New Delhi 12th July, 2014

(Narendra Modi) Message

x`gea=kh Hkkjr HOME MINISTER INDIA

I am pleased to note that the Central Reserve Police Force is celebrating its Diamond Jubilee this year and on this wonderful occasion a 'Souvenir' is proposed to be published.

I have always held the CRPF in high esteem for its dedication, commitment and for its ability in performing duties in difficult conditions. The professional prowess it has exhibited in tackling the menace on the Left Wing Extremism front and militancy in J&K, is praiseworthy. I am sure that the Force would continue to prove its worth in the coming years and grow from strength to strength.

On this occasion of the Diamond Jubilee Celebrations, I extend my best wishes to all the Police Personnel, their family members and would like to wish tham success in their endeavour.

17th July, 2014

(Rajnath Singh) Message

x`g ea=kh jkT; Hkkjr ljdkj MINISTER OF STATE FOR HOME AFFAIRS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

I am extremely happy to learn that the Central Reserve Police Force is celebrating its Diamond Jubilee. Since inception, CRPF has emerged as a formidable and dependable force in the Country, particularl7y in its role against Left Wing Extremism, terrorist in J&K and insurgency in NE. This force has given an impeccable account of itself in fighting subversive elements to maintain internal security of our Country under most difficult situations. The force has shown its mettle on a number of occasions. The CRPF personnel gave a bold account of themselves at Hot Spring on 21st October, 1959 while checking the Chinese advance and on 9th April, 1965 two companies of CRPF repulsed a full fledged brigade attack of Pakistan Army at the Sardar Post in the Rann of Kutch. The Force was instrumental in foiling fidayeen attack on the Parliament in 2001 and on the disputed Ayodhya Shrine in 2005. At present it is a lead Force in combating Maoism and terrorism. On this joyous occasion, I send my warm greetings and felicitations to all ranks of CRPF and their families.

With regards,

12th July, 2014 Yours sincerely,

(Kiren Rijiju) Message

eaf=keaMy lfpo Hkkjr ljdkj CABINET SECRETARY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

On the occasion of its Diamond Jubilee, it gives me immense pleasure to extend my good wishes to all ranks of Central Reserve Police Force and to their families.

As the largest Central Armed Police Force, the CRPF is fully committed to its multi-dimensional role, by being deployed along the length and breadth of the country. Today it is at the forefront of tackling insurgency, terrorism and Left Wing Extremism and even helping the State in maintaining law and order. Its contribution to the successful conduct of the recently concluded General Parliamentary Election-2014 is noteworthy.

In the years ahead. I am sure that the force would continue to be an important instrument in protecting the citizens and maintaining peace and tranquility in the country. Please accept my good wishes for the success of the members of this Force in their future endeavours.

16th July, 2014

(AJIT SETH ) Message

eaf=keaMy lfpo Hkkjr ljdkj HOME SECRETARY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

I extend my warm greetings to all the members of the Central Reserve Police Force, on the Diamond Jubilee year of the Force. The officers and men of the CRPF have set high traditions of valour, courage and dedication to duty. Their stellar role in maintaining internal security in various parts of the country has been praiseworthy, Recently, the Force has played a vital Role in conducting the General elections to Parliament-2014 successfully. I am sanguine that in the coming years also the Force will come out with flying colours in countering the challenges to National Security and retain its position as a vital and dependable arm of our National security system. On this occasion, I wish to extend my good wishes to all the personnel, officers and their families and hope that the Force will continue to strive hard to keep up the highest standards of Service to the National

21st July, 2014

(ANL GOSWAMI) From the Director General's Desk The history of “Valour Day” (9 April) respectively. units. CRPF has, over the years, fought CRPF dates back to many Anti-insurgent/terrorist battles in In the Bangladesh war of 1971, CRPF pre-independence Punjab, North-East and J &K and proved played a pivotal role and our men were times. Raised its mettle. Today it is fighting its toughest awarded 22 Gallantry medals. When as ‘Crown battle against the Maoists in dense jungles terrorists stormed the most important Representative’s of Central India. icon of India’s democracy, the Parliament, Police’ on 28th on 13 December, 2001, it was the CRPF If medals are any index of the valour July, 1939 to which stood against the onslaught and and sacrifice of a uniformed Force, then contain turbulence thwarted the efforts of terrorists to enter CRPF has set very high standards and and uprising in the Parliament. During this, Mahila an unparalleled record of sorts with 1390 princely states, the Force embraced a Constable Kamlesh Kumari made the medals, for various acts of gallantry, national character after independence supreme sacrifice. In another gallant act, including 1 Ashok Chakra, 1 Kirti Chakra, and was rechristened as the present day the force foiled the nefarious designs of 12 Shaurya Chakras and 1 Vir Chakra. Central Reserve Police Force. the terrorists to storm Ram Janam Bhoomi- With its outstanding performance Babri Masjid complex on 5 July,2005 There has been no looking back for the and supreme sacrifice, the CRPF has eliminating all of them, by the dint of their Force since then. From a single battalion emerged as the most dependable and alert action. The Force has an enviable Force, its ranks has swelled to 231 Bns People Friendly Force entrusted with record of achievements on foreign land and is now the largest Paramilitary Force maintaining internal security of the too. Deployed in Sri Lanka in 1987, as part of the world. country. Living truly to its motto of of the IPKF, Mahila Constable Bimla Devi Some of its glorious achievements “Service and Loyalty”, the Force marches won a Sena Medal for unearthing a huge which serve as beacon light for the on valiantly. quantity of detonators. present generation include its valiant On the occasion of the 75th feat and martyrdom at Hot Springs and Shouldering the responsibility of Anniversary of the Central Reserve Police Sardar Post on 21 October, 1959 and 9 Internal Security, CRPF has, over the Force, I convey my heartiest greetings to April, 1965 respectively. In these uneven years, proved that it is second to none in all the CRPF personnel and their family battles, the Force, pitted against giant dedication, professionalism and military members and wish them all success. adversaries, held ground despite being acumen. The complexity of Internal outnumbered and suffering losses and Security can be gauged from the fact that forced the enemy to retreat. The days are problems in India range from simple law observed as “Police Commemoration Day and order to dealing with regular guerilla (21 October)” throughout the country and units armed with sophisticated weapons (DILIP TRIVEDI) and formed in the lines of regular army Director General Visit of Dignitaries : Hon'ble Presidents of India

Central Reserve Police Force 16 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation THOSE WHO SHAPED OUR DESTINY DIRECTORS GENERAL OF THE FORCE

SH.V.G.KANETKAR SH.IMDAD ALI SH. B.B. MISHRA SH.N.S.SAKSENA SH.S.M. GHOSH 03/08/1968 to 15/09/1969 16/09/1969 to 28/02/1973 01/03/1973 to 30/09/1974 30/09/1974 to 31/05/1977 01/06/1977 to 31/07/1978

SH.R.C.GOPAL SH.P.R.RAJAGOPAL SH.S.TANDON SH. BIRBAL NATH SH.R.N.SHEOPORY 31/07/1978 to 10/08/1979 10/08/1979 to 30/03/1980 30/03/1980 to 12/05/1980 13/05/1980 to 03/09/1980 03/09/1980 to 31/12/1981

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 17 THOSE WHO SHAPED OUR DESTINY DIRECTORS GENERAL OF THE FORCE

SH. S. DUTTA SH. S. BAHADUR SH.SHIVASWARUP SH. O.P. BHUTANI SH. J.F. RIBEIRD CHOWDHURY 01/05/1983 to 30/07/1983 30/07/1983 to 07/05/1985 08/05/1985 to 04/06/1985 04/6/1985 to 08/07/1985 27.01/1982 to 30/04/1983

SH T.G.L. IYER SH. SATISH PANDAY SH. P.G. HARLANKAR SH. P.S. BHINDAR SH. K.P.S. GILL 08/09/1985 to 31/10/1985 01/11/1985 to 31/03/1988 01/04/1988 to 30/09/1990 01/10/1990 to 18/12/1990 19/12/1990 to 08/11/1991

Central Reserve Police Force 18 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation THOSE WHO SHAPED OUR DESTINY DIRECTORS GENERAL OF THE FORCE

Dr. S.S UBRAMANIAN SH. D.P.N. SINGH SH. S.V.M. TRIPATHI SH. ARUN BHAGAT SH. A.V.LIDDLE 09/11/1991 to 31/01/1992 01/02/1992 to 30/11/1993 01/12/1993 to 30/06/1996 05/07/1996 to 10/09/1996 11/09/1996 to 30/09/1996

SH. M.B. KAUSHAL SH. A.K. TANDAN SH. M.N. SABHARWAL Dr. T.N. MISHRA SH. S.C. CHAUBE 01/10/1996 to 12/11/1997 12/11/1997 to 01/12/1997 02/12/1997 to 31/07/2000 31/07/2000 to 31/12/2002 31/12/2002 to 31/01/2004

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 19 THOSE WHO SHAPED OUR DESTINY DIRECTORS GENERAL OF THE FORCE

SH. J.K. SINHA SH. J.K. DUTT SH. S.I.S. AHMED SH. V.K. JOSHI SH. A.S. GILL 31/01/2004 to 31/11/2006 01/12/2006 to 01/03/2007 01/03/2007 to 31/03/2008 01/04/2008 to 28/02/2009 28/02/2009 to 31/11/2010

SH. VIKRAM SH. K. VIJAY KUMAR SH. PRANAY SAHAY SH. DILIP TRIVEDI SRIVASTAVA 06/10/2010 to 30/09/2012 18/10/2012 to 31/07/2013 17/08/2013 Till date 01/02/2010 to 06/10/2010

Central Reserve Police Force 20 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation They Made Us Proud ! Distinguished Medal Winners George Cross-1942 Ashok Chakra Kirti Chakra

NK GD Barkat Singh Shaheed Constable/Mahila Shaheed Constable Bhrigu Kamlesh Kumari Nandan Choudhary PADMASHREE

Sh. S.S.Virk J S Randhawa Kunja Rani Devi

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 21 They Made Us Proud ! Distinguished Medal winners SHAURYA CHAKRA

Shaurya Chakra-2002 Shaurya Chakra-2002 Shaurya Chakra-2002 Shaurya Chakra-2002 Shaurya Chakra-2005 Shaurya Chakra-2005 SI/GD. Y.B. Thapa HC/GD Santhosh Kumar HC/GD Shyambir Singh HC/GD Sukhwinder Singh SI/GD Dharmbir Singh SI/GD Chhote Lal

Shaurya Chakra-2006 Shaurya Chakra-2011 Shaurya Chakra-2012 Shaurya Chakra-2012 Shaurya Chakra-2012 Shaurya Chakra-2012 Sh. Vijeto Tinyl D/C Late CT/GD Sh. Vinoj P. Joseph, A/C Sh. Nagendra Singh , Sh. R.K. Singh, DC Sh. P.R. Mishra, D/C Ashish Kumar Tiwari A/C

Vir Chakra

Vir Chakra-1988 Late CT/GD T.Mohanan

Central Reserve Police Force 22 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation National Sports Awardees of CRPF Arjuna Award (Athletic)-1961 Arjuna Award Arjuna Award Padmashree (Sports)-2005 (Swimming)-1984 (Weightlifting)-1990 Rajeev Gandhi Khel Ratna Award (Weightlifting)-1996 Padmashree (Sports)-2011 Padmashree Sh. Khajan Singh Dr. Gurbachan Singh Randhawa, DIG Commandant (Retd.) Arjuna Award (Athletics)-1975 Arjuna Award (Athletics)-1985

Padmashree Ms. N. Kunjarani Devi Second-in-Command (Retd.)

Sh. Hari Chand Sh. R.S. Bal, Second-in-Command (Retd.) Commandant (Retd.)

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 23 National Sports Awardees of CRPF

Arjuna Award Arjuna Award Arjuna Award (Weightlifting)-1992 (Athletics-1998) (Judo)-2003

Ms. N. Laxmi Sh. Paramjit Singh Sh. Akram Shah, Inspector/GD (Retd.) Second-in-Command Asstt. Commandant Arjuna Award Arjuna Award Arjuna Award (Shooting)-1997 (Weightlifting)-2000 (Kabaddi)-2004

Ms. Shilpi Singh Mrs. Sanamacha Chanu, Sh. Sunder Singh Inspector/GD (Retd.) Asstt. Commandant Inspector/GD

Central Reserve Police Force 24 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation National Sports Awardees of CRPF

Arjuna Award Arjuna Award (Judo)-2004 Arjuna Award (Judo)-2007 (Wushu)-2012

Ms. A. Anita Chanu, Ms. Kh. Tombi Devi Asstt. Commandant Sh. M. Bimoljit Singh, Asstt. Commandant Constable/GD Arjuna Award Arjuna Award (Weightlifting)-2006 (Wushu)-2011

Ms. Geeta Rani, Ms. W. Sandhya Rani Asstt. Commandant Constable/GD

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 25 Union Home Minister Releases ‘CRPF Theme Song’ In Presence of President of India

he ‘CRPF Theme Song’ was President of India was the Chief of State for Home, Sh Anil Goswami, Treleased on 28th February, 2014, Guest. Sh Sushilkumar Shinde, Union Union Home Secretary, Noted lyricist in a Diamond Jubilee Year function, Home Minister released the song and & MP Sh Javed Akhtar and Sh Dilip held at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. presented the 1st CD of the song to Trivedi, DG CRPF, heads of other Sh Pranab Mukherjee, Hon’ble the President. Sh R.P.N. Singh, Min CAPFs, senior officers of the Force and

The August gathering on stage during the CRPF Theme Song Release Function - (L to R) Sh Vivek Dube, ADG (Training), Sh Anil Goswami, Union Home Secretary, Sh Sushilkumar Shinde, Hon'ble Union Home Minister, Sh Pranab Mukherjee, Hon'ble President of India Sh Sh Sushilkumar Shinde, the then Home Minister presenting the first CD of R.P.N. Singh, MoS Home, Sh Dilip Trivedi, DG CRPF and Sh Javed Akhtar, MP CRPF Song to Sh Pranab Mukherjee, Hon'ble President of India & Noted lyricist

Central Reserve Police Force 26 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Sh Pranab Mukherjee, Hon'ble President of India greets Sh Raju Singh, composer of CRPF Song. Also seen are Sh Sushilkumar Shinde, Union Home Minister, Sh R.P.N. Singh, MoS Home, Sh Javed Akhtar, MP & Noted lyricist and Sh Dilip Trivedi, Sh Dilip Trivedi, DG CRPF greets Sh Javed Akhtar, MP & Noted lyricist on the DG CRPF occasion of CRPF Theme Song Release Function jawans were present on this august bring out the valour and bravery in image of the legendary ‘Ochterlony occasion. soldiers to make them resolute and House’ of Nimach, where the Force determined on the battle ground. was born in 1939, is inscribed in the The song is penned by renowned Earlier Sh Sushilkumar Shinde, lyricist, Sh Javed Akhtar, composed Union Home Minister presented a memento. A short film, depicting the by Sh Raju Singh and sung by Sh memento, to Sh Pranab Mukherjee, valour of CRPF, was also screened Javed Ali. The CRPF Song aims to Hon’ble President of India. The on the occasion.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 27 Speech of Sh Pranab Mukherjee, Hon'ble President of India, on the occasion of Release of CRPF Theme Song at Vigyan Bhawan on 28th February, 2014

Ladies and Gentlemen: the most distinguished lyricist of who have done our times, for his creative effort at their utmost I am indeed happy to be a part of capturing through his lyrics and in securing this ceremony of the Central Reserve with such splendour the sentiments our country. Police Force to release its Theme of this security force; and, for gifting I take this Song on the occasion of its Diamond this song to inspire and arouse each opportunity to also salute the brave Jubilee Year. Jawan and officer of CRPF. This hearts from this security force, who initiative will also instill a sense of have sacrificed their lives at the call I congratulate the Central Reserve identity and camaraderie amongst of duty. Police Force, which is an important the CRPF personnel. central security agency, on its 75th The existence of peace and year of service to this great nation. The CRPF is the sentinel of our security is a true facilitator of Raised as Crown Representative’s internal security. At the edifice of development. Pandit Jawaharlal Police on 27th July, 1939 and our country’s unity and integrity, lie Nehru, the architect of modern India rechristened as Central Reserve the toil, sweat and blood of the brave once observed and I quote: “Without Police Force on 28th December, personnel of this Force. I congratulate peace, all others dreams vanish and 1949, the Force has since grown all its members for rendering their are reduced to ashes” (unquote). by leaps and bounds. This largest services to the nation. Our institutions entrusted with the para-military force in the world has maintenance of peace and security confronted and resolved numerous Some of the members of the have an arduous task. They have to key challenges to internal security. Forces have been awarded gallantry be proactive as law enforcers and With its resolute commitment and medals and many other distinctions effective as partners in growth and battle worthiness, it has assuaged including the Kirti Chakra and development. the aggrieved regions of the country Gallantry Medals on the Republic from disturbances. Day. The history of CRPF is thick with The ‘Rule of Law’, which is acts of bravery and valour. CRPF has a cardinal principle on which a I compliment Shri Javed Akhtar, produced many a chivalrous sons modern state rests, has to be enforced

Central Reserve Police Force 28 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation with due firmness. The frequent people every five years is an exercise to be all-encompassing. A greater challenges to the rule of law have to of gigantic proportions and poses understanding and a sensitive be confronted by implementing the enormous challenge to all those handling has to be the core of the law in letter and spirit. In this context, involved in its conduct. The security strategy in dealing with the affected I want to mention that whatever the forces, particularly the CRPF, have areas. I would like to make a special situation or provocation, there is no to give their best in ensuring that mention of the role played by the room in a liberal democracy for use free and fair elections are held under security forces in such difficult areas of violence aimed at intimidation a peaceful atmosphere. where they have created space; and delivering extra judicial justice. wherein developmental activity The menace of terrorism afflicts This belief must be firmly inculcated has begun; economy has picked- many countries in the world today. in the minds of all the personnel who up and democratic process stands India, in particular, is a target of are taking on security challenges at strengthened. I appreciate the various terrorist groups operating in the ground level. wonderful contribution of officers the region. The security forces and Para-military forces like the the intelligence mechanism have to and Jawans of CRPF in the peaceful CRPF are called upon to perform be alert every second to avert any conduct of Assembly elections in multiple functions. They are drafted event that can strike terror or disrupt Chhattisgarh recently. The next few for law and order situations and to peace. The pernicious designs of the years will be critical. Having reached control riots. In handling various terrorists have to be defeated at all a threshold, CRPF has to win over challenging tasks, the personnel of levels. The fangs of their vicious the hearts and minds of the people these law enforcing agencies have and divisive blueprint have to be and restore complete normalcy in to be responsive to the humane side countered with a multi-pronged the disturbed areas. of policing. They have to be always approach. To my mind, using sensitive to the vulnerable sections information technology, harnessing There is a worrying increase in like women, children and the aged. better intelligence, and drawing communal violence in some parts of greater cooperation from the people our country. To control its spread, th This year, we will witness the 16 would be the key. the communication system - both General Election to the Lok Sabha. external and internal – has to be The Indian electorate is one-seventh Left wing extremism is a major strengthened. The social media, of the global population. The election thrust area for CRPF operation. which enables reaching out quickly of a government at the Centre by the The operational engagement has to large number of people, has to

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 29 be incessantly monitored for any prowess along with a humane troops, they have to be equipped with incendiary messages. Early warning approach. This pan-India Force has modern gadgetry and weaponry. To systems have to be put to effective taken pioneering steps towards develop their morale further, the use in potentially troublesome modernization and enhanced welfare issues have to be addressed situations. combativeness. But more needs to promptly. be done. Ground level tactics have CRPF has secured and woven to be made more innovative by the CRPF is an important pillar the internal security fabric by adoption of state-of-the-art planning of our country’s internal security demonstrating its operational strategies. To give confidence to the apparatus. The diversity of its role and its unique adaptability to situational requirements, and its capacity to deliver operational dividends in difficult circumstances has distinguished itself as a very valuable organization. I commend the Union Home Ministry for giving every possible support to this crucial security unit. I also appreciate the Director General of CRPF for providing a firm leadership to this Force. I congratulate all the CRPF personnel who, by their dedication and commitment, have brought name and pride to the Force. As it marches through its Diamond Jubilee year, I wish CRPF great success in all its endeavours.

The distinguished gathering stands in ovation when National Anthem was played during the CRPF Theme Song Release Function Jai Hind !

Central Reserve Police Force 30 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Speech of Sh Javed Akhtar, Noted lyricist & MP on the occasion of Release of CRPF Theme Song at Vigyan Bhawan on 28th February, 2014

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Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 31 esa D;k fd;k x;k Fkk fd oks ,d twuwuh person on the street knows so little I think the Nation, all of us need to yksx Fks] nhokus Fks ftUgksus bruh cM+h rkdr and so less of our Security Forces, show some more gratitude than we dks eqB~Bh Hkj tokuksa us 15&16 ?kaVs dSls of our Army, of our Navy, of our Air do. This is a very very humble small jksdk Fkk A "It is supposed to be an age Force, what it goes through and in tribute that I could offer to this great of communication. It is very sad and want handicaps, in what limitations, force, the great sons of India. I hope disappointing that how an average they serve us–we are unaware of it. it would be accepted. citizen of this country, an average Thank you very much"

Central Reserve Police Force 32 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Speech of Sh Dilip Trivedi, DG CRPF on the occasion of Release of CRPF Theme Song at Vigyan Bhawan on 28th February, 2014

Hon’ble President of India Shri and Chinese invasions, been in the say that today Pranab Mukherjee, Respected Union forefront of the fight for national while Law Home Minister Shri SushilKumar integration, played a significant and Order is a Shinde, Minister of State for Home role in anti-militancy operations of state subject, Shri R.P.N.Singh, Member of the North-East and J&K, contained none of the state Governments can Parliament noted lyricist Mr. Javed communal violence in various parts achieve equilibrium on this front Akhtar and Union Home Secretary of the country and has been actively without the intervention and active Shri Anil Goswami. involved in maintaining Law and support of the CRPF. Order throughout the Nation. On behalf of the Officers and It is on record that on Republic all ranks of the CRPF it is my The trust reposed in the Force Day 2014 CRPF was the only central privilege as the commander of this by the Nation has seen it growing force to win gallantry medals distinguished Force of the Indian over the years to become the largest which included 01 Kirti Chakra, Union to honourably welcome the central armed police force in the 02 President’s Police Medal for esteemed President of India and all world. Not flinching from additional Gallantry and 13 Police Medals for other guests on the occasion of the responsibilities the force has Gallantry. Diamond Jubliee celebrations of the willingly taken on the lead role in the CRPF. fight against Left Wing Extremism The Force while expanding and has once again proven its mettle. has also kept in mind the utility Since its inception as the Crown The present disarray amongst of women in providing the right Representative's Police Force in the maoists is largely due to the blend of force and humane touch. 1939, the Central Reserve Police sustained and highly professional Consequently we have the largest Force has traversed a glorious operations led by the CRPF against presence of women personnel period of 75 years adding laurels to these anti-national elements. among the CAPFs who have stood its achievements. During this period, shoulder to shoulder with their male the Force has taken on the Pakistani It would not be inappropriate to counterparts in delivering service

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 33 with empathy to the citizens of India. of United Nations peace keeping that it is difficult to articulate it in missions. Diversity in its role has words and therefore we will shortly Sir, it fills me with immense pride been its hallmark, Resoluteness in its take this audience on a audio visual to mention that the CRPF today action is its trademark. journey with a short clip showing the serves the Nation with indomitable heroics of CRPF. As is well known a will, courage and patriotism, Since Independence 1967 CRPF single picture reveals more than a resolving internal conflicts and law men & women have sacrificed their thousand words. and order situations with innovative lives for the Country. It was strongly strategies and impacting results in felt that a fighting Force should have But before that, as the leader favour of peace and normalcy. a Song that extols and brings out the of the Force, I thank the Hon’ble valour and bravery in each soldier to President of India who has graciously The role of CRPF in recently make him resolute and determined consented to be the Chief guest in conducted peaceful assembly on the battle ground. Mr. Javed the Diamond Jubilee Celebrations elections of Naxal infested Akhtar India’s famous lyricist and of the Force wherein the CRPF Song Chhattisgarh is a vivid example a great patriot was approached with would be released. of CRPF’s Role in upholding the this task to provide lyrics and music democratic processes of the Country. that augur such heroic sentiments I also thank Union Home and he has provided to the CRPF Minister, Minister of State for Home, The Force has never stepped such a Song. Mr. Javed Akhtar and Union Home back in the task mandated for it Secretary for their notable presence. and today has a pan India presence As a matter of fact so varied and and is also operating abroad as part effective is the role played by CRPF, Jai Hind

Central Reserve Police Force 34 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS OF CRPF AN OVERVIEW --Ramesh Chandra Former IG , CRPF

Inception and Deployment resilience un-affected by Pattern varieties of adversities. In keeping with it's he Force was raised on 27 Jul mandated requirements, the 1939 at Neemuch MP, as Crown T Force was constituted in highly Representative’s Police- renamed as Central Reserve Police after mobile units, record & supply independence, with no greater centres -Group Centres, one fanfare than would a small band for every four (later five) units, of eight officers, thirty subordinate Ranges and Sectors across officers and nine hundred and the length & breadth of the seventy other ranks, of trained & country. Later, Zones were dedicated personnel, in urgent CRPF Jawans on way to Hot Spring in 1959 carved out in north-east, south, situations to quell an already-raging J & K and centre, with a few Prajamandal agitation spread in 4,948 officers, 17,636 subordinate sectors in each, with the creation of a number of princely state across officers & 2,79,460 other ranks, Addl Dir Gen & Spl Dir Gen ranks in pre-independence India. Born with total 3,02,044 including ministerial the Indian Police Service. A proposal the Force like a twin and sticking medical and NDRF elements, spread is under examination to subsume to it heather-to, probably was of deployment within & without Zones into Divisions, confining the also an invisible sibling-'urgent the borders and burgeoning image mobility of the Force within them situation', responsible for its exuding confidence among central to ease the ever-increasing stress continuous growth to largest Para- & state govts and public alike for it's & strain on the men. It is expected Military Force of the world with quality, endurance and bulldozing that the new system would strike

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 35 the desired fine balance between skirmishes on western border methods. During early eighties, operational efficiency and rest & and J & K. Later, the Force was terrorism evolved in its strongest refitment requirements of the Force. deployed in J&K and post re- form in Punjab, necessitating organization of Indian States, in widespread deployment of the Force Geographical deployment of North -East where initially Naga in strength with improved tactics the Force after quelling the said desperadoes unleashed havoc in & weaponry to contain almost in agitation in princely states of adjoining Assamese villages and a decade through strong will and central India, spread-out, slowly but post re-Organization of states, the precipitate action, both by political steadily to containing the banditry insurgency raised it's head during & executive organs of the govt, albeit in central & western India followed mid-fifties, owing to local reasons at great cost of men & material to by integration & consolidation of gone vulnerable due to proximity to the Force. Frequent and fierce spate Indian states during independence international borders. of communal riots of mid-eighties, and subsequent frequent border in certain pockets of multi-ethnic, Post-independence, the multi religious India, necessitated complexion of inception of Rapid Action Force, a traditional law & sub-force, during 1990, which has order commenced stabilized at the strength of ten units a steady transition strategically located and always into insurgency in trained & rehearsed, ready to take- Naga & Mizo hills, on the pre-identified challenges which consumed across the length & breadth of the considerable country. length of time and efforts of the The rudimentary Naxalism Force to bring of Charu Majumdar of late under control sixties, resurrected with intense and eventually indoctrination, mass participation by devolution of and ample supply of weapons & power through Presentation of Presidential Colours by Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patel On 19 explosives in the states of north democratic March 1953 & eastern Andhra, Chhattisgarh,

Central Reserve Police Force 36 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation of guarding the Parliament and Prime Ministers, also gave rise to units of Special Duty Group and Parliament Duty Group whose efficacy was amply proved during sudden terrorists' attack on Indian Parliament on 13 Dec 2001. CRPF has the distinction of coming alive to the requirement of an entirely female unit of Force during 1987, added another two during later years, for day-to-day law & order maintenance where a large fraction of population consists of female citizen.

To assist IPKP, two units along with one coy of Mahila Bn of the Force, were deployed in Sri Lanka Pt Jawahar Lal, the PM, accompanied by PL Mehta IGP inspecting the guard of honour during 1987 for 20 months. The Jharkhand & Odisha, where poverty, to go along. Opposition to civic Force acquitted itself with great slow-paced administration and programs & development from credit earning one Veer Chakra unemployment were raging high. Naxal ideologues has compelled and two Sena Medals, while 15 This time around, it's incidence the govt to carry out them under personnel laid down their lives and was alarmingly high and spread, the direct supervision of the Force. 26 sustained serious injuries. The fast. About one-third of the Force This adds an important dimension Force also contributed 105 personnel is engaged in containing its onset to the scope of charter of duties of to UN mission in Haiti under UN by deliberate & chance operations, the Force, pregnant with new & resolution 940 of 1994, for various manual & aerial surveillance, numerous solutions to the problem. police and security duties from weaning out the masses through March 1995 to Nov '96, and another civic programs, with development The specialized responsibilities large contingent of 240 personnel to

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 37 UN mission in Kosovo under UN SC every year to refresh their knowledge requirement of conducting as many resolution 1244 of 1999, for various & skills which can be carried out more. Rotational re-training for security duties. at Unit Hq locations in peace areas units in field areas is being carried and Group Centre for Units in out at 37 chosen locations. Thus the Thus the deployment, as also the field areas. Besides, up-gradational training establishment of the Force size of the Force, closely followed (pre-promotional) training and the dictates of the life and times in specialization training courses, like is marginally under capacity, which the internal security history of the Nation.

The Training Component

Every organized body of men requires well thought-out training & exercises to answer its mission and charter of duties. The effectiveness of the Force depends on the correct basic training, with proper planning, organization & conduct with due validation and field performance; periodic re- training and specialization training for specialized skills. PM Indira Gandhi addressing senior officers at ISA Mt Abu The Force, as of now, has in special weapons, staff duties, law needs to be made-up and reviewed institutional training capacity of officers' duties etc, need to be carried periodically. about five to six thousand recruits out at Central Training Colleges. At per year, the shortfall supplemented present the Force is conducting 08 Starting with single Recruit by Ad-hoc Training Centres. Apart types of basic training courses, 35 Training Centre at Neemuch MP from basic training, six to eight weeks' pre-promotional courses and more during 1960, the Force now has five re-training is required for the troops than 33 specialization courses with RTCs of average training capacity of

Central Reserve Police Force 38 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation about one thousand recruits each, movements of troops for stores by the role akin to infantry, has for training the Constabulary, at collection. This has been streamlined undergone up-gradation, owing to Neemuch MP, Avadi TN, Peringome to a great extent by enabling units feed-back from field, enhancement Kerala, Srinagar J&K and Rajgir to draw area specific stores from in technology, raising of specialized Bihar(three more sanctioned at Latur, nearest Group Centres, as well as, components within the Force like Jodhpur and Amethi) ; four Central the repetitive work of all group RAF, CoBRA & NDRF, improving Training Colleges (for subordinate centres procuring all stores, has been the working-comforts of troops on ranks) at Neemuch MP, Coimbatore streamlined by earmarking only a few long duty-hours away from camps; TN, Nanded (Maharashtra), Gwalior different stores to all Group Centres and accounts for induction of MP; two Counter Insurgency and within a Sector, with consignments Light Weight Running Shoes, Boot Anti-Terrorist training colleges at marked directly to recipient GCs. Tactical, Organic Socks, Synthetic Silchar (Assam) and Shivpuri MP The concept of Regional Depots for (one more sanctioned at Chitoor, North-East and J&K, of mid-eighties, AP); one College of IT at Bangalore, did not succeed due to staffing & besides one Academy for officers' supervisory constraints. the concept training at Gurgaon Haryana and of empowered Group Centres another Academy for Internal with enhanced procurement, Security at Mt Abu, Raj. One CoBRA warehousing and distribution School of Jungle Warfare & Tactics liability was adopted, instead. has also been sanctioned at Belgaum. Occasional time lag in bringing firms Provisioning & Equipment on govt Rate-Contract by Directorate General of Supply & Disposal, min The provisioning in the Force of commerce (GOI), in some cases President Dr Rajendra Prasad meeting the is centrally controlled for design & delays the placement of order on officers quality and decentralized, except the firms and materialization of for controlled stores, for actual supplies before the scheduled date Web Equipment, Ruck-Sack, Nyco procurement to Group Centres, of replacement. (nylone-cotton) Disruptive Pattern each to cater for it's five attached Uniforms, Carabiner & Slithering units. Pan-India deployment of The authorization of equipment Gloves, Quick-Clot coated bandages, Units entails into multiple crisscross & accouterment initially guided Nylon Lifejacket, Foldable Solar

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 39 Chargers & Light Weight Blast communication network, manned Force HQ and four Zones, further Protective Eyewear, to name a few. by well-trained manpower, cannot distributed in 22 Sectors (including be over emphasized for a highly training and communication), On the Arms, Ammunition & mobile Force like CRPF. Starting 44 ranges (including training & Explosives side, good old .303" with filament emitter radio sets Communication), two academies, bolt action rifle & 2" mortars which of Second World War vintage, four CTCs, eight RTCs (including served the Force for a long time, acquired on disposal, the Force can three under raising), three CIATs were replaced with advancement of now boast of committed high speed (including one under raising), eight technology by 7.62 mm Self-loading data transmission network linking other training institutes- one each for version, later supplemented by all static stations across the length Intelligence, IED, IT, Public Order INSAS & AK series rifles, whereas & breadth of the country for data, Management, CoBRA Training, on area-weapon side basic 2" Mortar Training of Trainers and Canine was replaced by 51mm & 81mm voice and facsimile transmission. Training. Mortars, supplemented by AGL, The Force already has a blue print ready for paperless office across the UBL & MBL for jungle warfare The Force draws manpower from role, on operational compulsions. Force which is only- a few hundred PCs and a dozen committed officers- all States & Union Territories of the Addition of UAVs to the inventory, country, as also it provides assistance for anti-LWE operations in selective away from implementation. to all State & UT administrations in area specific role. has revolutionized managing law & order in limited the operational capability of the Present Shape & Size local mild situation like strikes Force. This piece of equipment Starting with just one Battalion & riots, tense situation like local would prove game-changer for of 08 officers, 30 Subordinate Officers agitations, State Assembly elections the Force and open the areas of and 970 other ranks, begotten by the & major Festivals pilgrimages like possibilities of strategic & real-time 'urgency' component in the Internal Kumbh & Amarnath Yatra, keeping tactical intelligence collection for the internal security during national Force under operational role - an Security aspect in the history of essential area paid lesser attention so the Nation, the Force stands today challenges like general elections, far. to be the largest Paramilitary nation-wide strikes, Insurgency, Force in the world, of 231 Units terrorism & left wing extremism. The The importance of an (including 10 RAF, 10 CoBRA, 05 mission and charter of duties of the efficient, rugged, well-equipped Signals & 03 NDRF), organized in Force and continuity of challenges

Central Reserve Police Force 40 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation men one mild or peace tenure intelligence network of it's own for after every two field tenures, a long time. While majority of senior either by rotation across all Commanders didn't think it to be theaters in the country or by necessary, a few even opposed any localizing the Force within intelligence network for the Force. a Zone of choice and rotate The fall-outs, predictably, were the Force for peace & field two: one- near-complete absence tenures within the Zone. of int. culture in the Force from While the first option has put top- with due apology- to bottom, the Force under tremendous which might not have affect the amount of stress & strain top professionally, as much as the continuously, the second bottom- the field operators; two- option is fraught with the morphing an obscurantism in the dangers of losing all India Force for importance, demand & character. The third option use of strategic and tactical real- left, therefore, would be to time intelligence before undertaking afford adequate time for rest manpower intensive operations, & refitment, by distributing even in worst affected theatres of the units Zone-wise only for operations. This minor over- sight CRPF in UN Mission in Haiti rest & refitment and field of early organizational stages, over a from local-mild to national- tense, tenures to be completed out period of time, reached the fruition warrants the deployment of the Force of the home-Zone. This arrangement stage evident by regular operational under above mentioned situation by would afford the troops equitable casualties. Though quiet late, the turns, leaving hardly any elbow- time in field & peace areas and apparatus is now in place, pending room for the much needed respite of maintain it’s all India character, inculcation of subtle int. culture rest & refitment. necessary for efficiency, effectiveness among the field commanders below & mutual intermixing of troops. Battalion level and most importantly Under these circumstances, regular supply of elixir of real-time the Force needs to come out with The Force has, probably by intelligence to them before every a deployment pattern to afford the default, remained devoid of any operation for better results and least

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 41 casualties. modern era, evident by winning States & Union Territories, is a decorations of 01 George Cross, major Internal Security Force of the Amidst all odds, the Force with 03 King’s PMG, 01 Ashok Chakra, country with all India character. tremendous amount of resilience 01Kirti Chakra, 01 Vir Chakra, 12 Representation of multiple states, and indomitable moral, has Saurya Chakras, 1147 President’s regions & ethnicities in smallest body constantly given a fine account of & Police Medals for gallantry, of men instills the much required itself whether in bringing under 04 Vishist Deva Medal, 01 Yudh confidence among the sections of control prajamandsal agitations, Seva Medal, 05 Sena Medals, 2651 public and State govts alike. It is consolidation of India states- of pre- Distinguished & Meritorious Service an added advantage with the Force independence era, or insurgency Medals besides President’s Colours neither available to Army with troops of north-east, terrorism of Punjab, during 1953 and also later for RAF, of ethnic or regional purity nor to militancy of J&K, the latest left for yeoman service rendered to the State Police with personnel from a wing extremism of Chhattisgarh, nation. Performance in operations particular region. This advantage Jharkhand, Odisha & Andhra- is adequately matched by excellent would be compromised, if the Force Internal Security challenges of feats in various disciplines of units are localized within Zones for national & international peace and field postings, followed sports, evident by by transfers to home zones. winning 02 Padmashri (GS Randhawa- athletics, The area of best utility and Kunjurani Devi -weight worst neglected in the Force, has lifting), 01Khel Ratna been the indigenous wherewithal (GS Randhawa) and 16 of intelligence collection including Arjuna Awards. interrogation, coalition and dissemination at tactical level to Strength & Weakness units and at strategic level to Sectors, The CRPF, drawing Zones and Force Hq. Lateral inputs and deliberately from State police and other central maintaining govt agencies have been few and Ms N Kunju Rani Devi receiving award from President of representation of, far in between, mostly stale and India manpower from all for the purpose of records. Now,

Central Reserve Police Force 42 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation The Force task. possesses a rich treasure The training capacity required of experience by the Force is spelt out by the fact of working that reckoning thirty-three years in different normal service tenure for personnel, states, theaters three percent of Force would be of operation replaced every year, wastage on and variety of account of operational casualties, medical and voluntary retirements situations from being additional. Thus for a Force maintenance of three lac strong, the annual of law & order (recruitment and) training capacity to fighting of nine thousand personnel would insurgency, be required. As for the constabulary, terrorism and left six months recruitment period and wing extremism. though, the apparatus is in place forty-four weeks of training totals to The experience lives & dies with but the dire need still remains to gestation period of sixty-eight weeks. the officers and men, un-codified activate the faculty of intelligence Therefore, either the vacancies be into AARs (mentioning the aims, requirement before every operation forecast and advertised seventeen objects achieved, strength & among field Commanders whether months in advance or 3% training from own Hq or from State police weaknesses noticed, lessons learnt reserve should be maintained in offices, asking for the operational and recommendations made, entry level rank, to achieve zero assistance. Availability of real-time for additional training, and/or vacancy in the Force. intelligence and detailed briefing of equipment) and Administrative troops before every operation would Reports duly reflected in permanent From home guards to fighting-fit improve the results and work as life- records in due course. This infantry, three things vary drastically saving elixir for the troops, the near- presupposes allocation of this work from minimum to maximum: first starvation from which has been at Range, Sector & Force Hq levels the moral, second the success-rate in taking the toll of precious lives by even at the cost of additional staff tasks undertaken, and the third the dozens and scores. for this important piece of additional effectiveness of leadership. Moral

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 43 has bearing on physical fitness, subject to qualifying earmarked PR and welfare of widows & good training, timely provisioning cadre-courses, up to assured level of medically retired personnel through of items from rations to clothing Head Constable for men and Second- Welfare And Rehabilitation Board, & equipment, arms-ammunition in Command of a unit for officers, are a few other areas requiring special and sensitive welfare. Success in all beyond which these are by selection. mention for their effectiveness. tasks undertaken depends on good This may require restoring the ranks PR within the force is taken care physical fitness, good training and of Lance Naik and Naik for men, of through force magazines and periodic re- training with individual which segregates senior constables DO letters but without, new areas attention to every person. Effective from raw recruits and prepares need be broken. Not only officers at leadership inter alia requires higher them for impending command as higher level should volunteer and level of physical fitness, high grading section commanders. Time scale be encouraged to catch the future in all indoor & outdoor training promotions ensure minimizing the generations young by speaking events, ready availability to lead vacancies below unit level. Also to them at schools & colleges and from the front in all circumstances, pre-promotional courses within other forums about the salient regular contact with men under the force up to the rank of DIG are aspects of internal security vis-a- command and gentlemanly personal satisfactorily designed and run but vis CRPF, but also senior officers traits. All these aspects need to before the promoted to the rank of IG must contribute articles on current be carefully taken into account, in the CPMFs, two pronged training scenario of internal security vis-a-vis both while dealing with men and courses- one on departmental CRPF, in newspapers, magazines & selecting & preparing leaders for matters within the Force, and second journals. The good work of WARB the Force by promotion, recruitment at pan- CPMF level covering general is also required to be more visible or deputation. Without these basic topics of national security across all as expected at the time of formation, tenets, neither good results would be the CPFMs, besides widening the in the area of training needy forthcoming nor should be expected. horizons of their outlook, would widows, incapacitated and foster inter-force understanding retired personal for rehabilitation Career planning of both officers among senior officers including from in civil life, by working like an and men, having direct bearing on Indian Police Service, to synergize employment exchange with added their sustained performance, has the performance of individual Forces responsibility to train the aspiring also been taken care of. Promotions in various areas of maintaining candidates for the available are, as should be, by timescale, Internal Security. rehabilitation.

Central Reserve Police Force 44 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation From The Archives “FROM RAJ TO REPUBLIC” (Remembering British Officers who shaped the destiny of CRP during formative years) – J. S. Gill Former IG, CRPF ritish Raj was the British rule the military, foreign affairs and have never even dreamt that within Bin the Indian Sub continent communication were under British 74 years the force would become one between 1858 to 1947. The control. The British also exercised of the largest para military force of region, commonly called India in the general influence over the states’ the world. Crown representative’s contemporary usage including internal politics, in part through Police was initially raised at areas directly administrated by the granting or withholding of Neemuch (Madhya Pradesh) on the United Kingdom as well as the recognition of individual rulers. 27th July 1939 to assist the princely princely states ruled by individual states to maintain law and order in ruler under paramountcy of the As we are nearing the platinum the wake of Parjamandal agitation. British crown. At the turn of the 20th Jubilee of raising of CRPF, I was When freedom came, Sardar Patel Century, British India consisted of 8 reflecting on the contribution of those the then Dy. Prime Minister and provinces, that were administered British Officers who left a indelible Home Minister with forethought by Governor or a Lt. Governor. In imprint on the force through their and vision renamed it as the addition, there were a few minor enormous contribution against all Central Reserve Police Force to provinces that were administered odds and teething problems of a maintain the culture and structure by a Chief Commissioner like new force. I am sure in early 1939, of the Force. North West Frontier Province, when Mr. John M. Evart IP Director British Baluchistan, Coorg, Ajmer- IB and Major J.F. Peart, commandant The great convulsions and Merwara and Andaman and Nicobar must be busy in raising the crown upheavals after partition attempting Islands. Within the princely states, Representative’s Police, they would to rupture the Indian social fabric

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 45 Major J.F. Peart, Commandant With SOs And ORs At Nimach 1940. Crown Representative's Police Badge and SOs' and ORs' Distinctive Dress is of Special Significance were effectively contained. In this, the There is very sketchy reference Table Books and other publications. force played a heroic role upholding to some of the Stalwarts in the Since, my posting in Neemuch in the system and the people together. recorded history of CRPF i.e. Coffee early 2003, I had tried to collect

Central Reserve Police Force 46 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation was Director IB during 1938-39 and played a major role in raising Crown Representative’s Police. He was an IP Officer who joined Police on 17/11/1905, served in North West Frontier, during 1924. He was on deputation to Sudan in 1925. He also served as DIG, Lahore from 1927-30. He was Inspector General of Police, Punjab from 1932 to 1936. He was recipient of Kings Police Medal in 1919, was awarded, CIE in 1924 and conferred Knighthood in 1936. In fact the very idea of raising a Federal Force was germinated during the tour of Mr. John Evart of United States of America and Canada. He had submitted a report that most federations have a federal police in information from varied sources Mr. John M. Evart, IP, Director IB, some form or other, separate from National Archives, Golden Jubilee Mr. A.C. Lothian, ICS, Resident the police of constituent states. Journal of Sagar Police Training Rajputana, Mr. AG Philips, IP, IGP, College, Rajputana Agency record Ajmer and Merwara and Police 2) MR. A.G. PHILIPS, and from first hand accounts from Assistant to Resident Rajputana, BARRISTER AT LAW, IP, IGP some of the survivors who joined and Mr. J. F. Peart, Commandant. I (AJMER AND MERWARA) CRPF in 1939. Many British ICS, have selected only following officers IP and Indian Army Officers Played who played major part in raising He was also police assistant to significant role in the raising of and nurturing of the force. Their Resident Rajputana. He was from the Crown Representative Police. thumbnail sketches are given below; united provinces. All comprehensive Notable amongst them were Mr. proposals were submitted F.H.Puckle, ICS, Political Advisor, 1) MR. JOHN M EVART, IP through him by Major John Peart,

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 47 commandant. He had contributed The terms of pay must be generous. tenure was of great significance and hugely in giving his inputs after Those of the Indian Army are caused turbulence due to his raising thorough deliberations and taking based on rating given by Assam issue of Command and Control into consideration the future of the Rifles. Those of the Police on 25% of Crown Representative’s Police. force. Deputation Allowance. In the case of There was one incident of note where married officers a separate allowance Mr. Tregenza did not allow Mr. R. 3) MAJOR JF PEART :- An suggested when serving away from Powell, IGP and Police Assistant to nd officer of 2/2 Punjab Regiment was headquarters.” the Resident of Rajputana to inspect officer on special duty at Shimla, Crown Representatives Police. He All the spade work for the raising in the political Department from had to return back to his HQr from of Crown Representative’s Police was 1/4/1939. He was designated as the railway station itself. His view done by Major Peart personally. All Commandant much before the actual was that he was only responsible to proposals had his personal imprint. raising of Crown Representative’s the Crown Representative and IGP rd Major Peart was held in such high Police. His late unit 1/3 Pioneers could not carry out formal inspection esteem in the Government that he was stationed at Neemuch from of his unit. The matter became so had also nominated his successor, 1924-1929. Therefore he had the full serious that the Secretary to the if he is called for war duties. It was knowledge of the Military station Excellency Crown Representative only due to untiring efforts of Major. then an important cantonment in directed Resident for Rajputana to Central India. Secondly Major J.F. J. F. Peart, despite all difficulties that issue order in August 1943 as an Peart, had the experience of actually the Crown Representative’s Police experimental measure and for a raising and training Assam Rifle for became a reality within four months period of one year in the first instance. three years. from the date of initiation of process. The powers of Dy. Inspector General The Herculean task of raising the 4) MR. E. L. TREGENZA, IP:- of Police in the united provinces will Crown Representative’s Police fell He was from 1922 batch of IP. He be exercised by Commandant Crown on broad shoulders of Major Peart. belonged to Central Provinces and Representative’s Police. Under this He had the vision to purpose the pay Berar Cadre. He was principal of arrangement the commandant of structure as under; Police Training College, Sagar from the force will correspond on all 1936 – 1940. Though he remained questions concerning the force with “The service will be arduous Commandant for only 6 months from Resident (or his secretary), direct and necessitating constant transfers. March’ 1943 to Sept’ 1943, but his no direct correspondence need take

Central Reserve Police Force 48 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation measure for one year and necessitated principally the peculiar mentality of Tregenza, the late Commandant should now be abrogated. It is wasteful to have an experienced Police Officer as Police Advisor to the Resident of Rajputana and to forbid him to exercise any power in respect of Crown Representative’s Police (who were presumably placed under the administrative control of the Resident for Rajputana because he had a senior and experienced Police Officer on his staff); it is inconvenient and unfitting for the head of an Administration to be also a Departmental Head; and unnecessary complications arise place between the Police Assistant the Commandant Crown in the matter of clerical staffs. It is and commandant. However, on Representative’s Police, Mr. requested, therefore, that the orders repatriation of Mr. E.L. Tregenza in Blunden, my Police Advisor and I Sept 1943, the order was cancelled contained in Political Department have discussed this matter and we are with following justification. memorandum under reference be entirely agreed that the procedure, now cancelled and the previous “Mr. R. De la C Ozanne, introduced as an experimental procedure be restored”

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 49 Resident Rajputana Mr. H.A.St. C. Stracey and Mr. H. command of 2nd Battalion, CRPF on Memorandum No. P/17-13 dated 24 Osbourne were brought to the 7/5/48 and retired on 18/12/1948. August 1943. notice of commander-in-chief for After his retirement, he settled valuable services in connection with down at Neemuch only. He was 5) MR. C. F. PARRY, IP, OBE, the operations of the Upper Sind an institution in himself. He was was from CP and Berar Cadre. Force, 1942-43, by the General Officer the Central figure in all CRPF get He was principal of the Central Commanding. Mr. C. F. Parry, togethers in Ochterlony house and Provinces Police College, Sagar Commandant was awarded OBE for use to be the master of ceremonies. th th from 1933 to 1936. He joined his excellent services during anti-hur The DAGO’s of 7 to 14 Batch Crown Representative’s Police as operations. Crown Representative’s i.e. from 1966 to 1975, still fondly th Commandant on 28 June 1941. Police was also presented a silver remember him as a father figure. The most important deployment salver for their outstanding work He used to come to Officers mess during his tenure was consisting during Anti-Hur operations. Mr. in his famous Ford car MPE-3941. He loved India and CRPF so much of three companies in March’ C.F. Parry relinquished charge on that he never went back to England. 1942 in Khairpur State to assist in 20th March 1943. He was Inspector He breathed his last in July’1982. dealing with Hur Menace. Hurs General of Police, Central Provinces His grave is in British cemetery a fanatical Mohammaden Sect, from 21/9/1946 to 12/8/1947 i.e. till at Neemuch. Mr. J. M. Querashi, after the arrest of their leader, Pir his repatriation to England. of Pagaro commenced in Sind, a who was also DIG in CRPF, paid a murder, dacoity and sabotage, 6) MR. H .E. OSBOURNE handsome tribute to him. Infact, he leading to the murder of the Nazim He had joined Central Provinces was the last link as an officer with of Police of Khairpur State. The as a Sergeant. He joined Crown the Crown Representative’s Police. arrival of Crown Representative’s Representative’s Police on 19th In Neemuch station, a road has been named after him and a tennis Police detachment improved the June 1940 as a Company court has also been dedicated to his situation and the vacated station Commander. He became Assistant memory. house was re-occupied by the crown Commandant on 15th April 1945 and representative’s police and outposts Second-in-Command on 23th May Because of constraints of space, were established in the desert area, 1947. He remained Commandant of I have mentioned about six officers and along the railway lines, canals Crown Representative’s Police from only. However, a large number of IP and inhabited area. The names of 10/2/48 to 6/5/48. He also assumed officers, Army officers and officers

Central Reserve Police Force 50 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation from the provinces played a leading such dedicated officers that CRPF the CRPF Act on 22nd January 1949, has become the largest CPMF in the role in shaping the destiny of this which got Governor General’s assent World and second oldest in India great force. Some of the officers who on 28th December 1949. The Hon’ble served at various times are as under; after Assam Rifles. For young and members Dr. John Mathai, Sh. Vinak aspiring officers, it is a incumbent to Rao B. Vaidya, Mr. Mahavir Tyagi, Mr. J. E. G. Churcher, IP, read biographies of such inspiring Pandit Bal Krishan Sharma, Sh. Sita Second-in-Command. leaders. Luckily, we are still in a Ram S. Jajoo, sh. C. Subramaniam possession of their DO’s, notings and Mr. L. H. Lewisohn, IP. participated in the debate on the bill comprehensive proposals, which are Mr. H. A. St. C. Stracey, IP. which was piloted by the Hon’ble prone to vagaries of weather unless Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the then Mr. R. D. la Ozanne, IP (Commandant) digitized on urgent basis. Home Minister. The Force operated Mr. N. P. G. Hoole, IP For the first time in the history under the name of Central Armed Mr. B. L. D. Lincoln, Punjab Police. of Crown Representative’s Police, Police till CRPF Act was passed. Major R. M. Lindsley, O.B.E. the force was deployed in Delhi Dissertation by Sh. P. V. from August 1947 to December’1947, Mr. N. S. Holmes, IA. Belgamkar, DIG (Retd). in the wake of partition riots. The Khan Sahib Bashir Ahmed Khan, force also played outstanding At the time of Golden Jubilee NWF Police. role at Rampur, Kathiawar and celebrations, Sh. S. D. Pandey, Ex- Major J.E.A. Bazalgette. Junagarh. Sardar Patel, the then DG, CRPF, had highlighted the Home Minister, was highly breakers ahead for this Force. As the Major G. J. K. Stapleton, IA impressed with the performance of force will be celebrating its Platinum Capt. J.A.G. Buss this Force. Due to his forethought Jubilee, it is imperative that vide Capt. R.P.W. Greengrass. and vision and recommendation ranging deliberations should be of Lord Mountbatten (incidentally held on important aspects like Major. R.J.O.Fox, IA (Commandant) Crown Representative’s Police training, morale, leadership, man Mr. G. T. Beer, M.B.E. guarded viceroy’s house), the force management, Cadre Management, Capt. T. A. Webster. was retained with the new name effectiveness and above all esprit de of Central Reserve Police Force. corps, which are the lifelines of any It is only due to the efforts of The constituent assembly passed Armed Force.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 51 A Silver Trophy

Dr Trinath Mishra Former DG, CRPF

n the dining hall of the Officers' was full of Khajoor (date palm) trees support of the East India Company IMess at Neemuch, a magnificent called Khark in Sindhi tongue, the to firm up its authority and entered silver trophy stands. It bears an capital came to be called Khairpur. into a treaty with the British in 1832 inscription: “Presented to H.E. the and agreed to help the British in Crown Representative’s Police by The local people, though defeated their campaign in Afghanistan. This the Khairpur Darbar as a mark of in the contest of their appreciation of the excellent arms, did not services rendered by them to the accept the new Darbar during the Hur Trouble 1942- rulers. Sindhis 44.” This trophy stands mute but were proud of contains the story of CRP’s glorious their language achievement when it was in its stage and culture. of infancy, a story which has been Sindh had been largely forgotten but is worthy of a seat of Sufism being remembered and cherished. for centuries. Khairpur was a native state They considered located in the northern part of Ballochis Sindh now in Pakistan. In 1783 Mir culturally Sohrab Khan of the Talpur clan of inferior. They Billochis defeated the native Kalhora raised the banner Sindhi ruler Mian Abdul Nabi and of revolt now established his authority over the and then. The area. He selected the village of Khairpur state Barhan as his capital. As the place elicited the Mir Sohrab Khan of Talpur State

Central Reserve Police Force 52 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation treaty bore fruits for the Talpurs in de-moralize or 1843 when the British annexed Sindh deter the Hurs. but spared Khairpur. They waged their struggle The friendship between the relentlessly. British and the Talpur rulers The freedom of Khairpur angered the local movement in other population. Now they regarded the parts of India British also as their enemies. A large gave a boost to section of the population followed their morale and the Sunni Sufi tradition. They made them bold. designated themselves as “Hur” The British tried which in Arabic means “free” or “Not a devious trick to enslaved” (free from slavery). Their divide the Hurs. hereditary preceptor and leader is They created Pirs called “Pir Pagaro”. Led by their Faiz Mahal Pir, the Hurs waged an incessant of their own and struggle against the British as well as provided them with had come. A vigorous push could the Khairpur Darbar. They resorted resources. However, these Sarkari make the doddering British Empire to all kinds of tricks including Pirs miserably failed to win over the fall. brigandage, dacoity, pilferage and people. People could see through the In 1922 Syed Sibghatullah Shah stabotage. In retaliation the British ruse and rejected them. They became Rashidi II became Pir Pagaro at the declared them to be a criminal tribe a laughing stock. People called them young age of twelve. He approached and brought them within the ambit as Pir-Thagrial (Fraudulent) and Pir the British and the Darbar to obtain of the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871. Thekrathu (Bogus) derisively. They also tried to congregate them relief for his people. His approaches in penal camps set-up in 1900 to When the Second World War were rebuffed by both which made restrict their movements and subject broke out and it seemed in the this young sensitive leader, who them to close surveillance. beginning that the British imperial held great influence over his people, sun was going to set, the Hurs feel very offended. He exhorted his These measures failed to thought that their day of reckoning people to defy all restrictions, flout

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 53 the British law and throw off the Naziri Ismaili sect of Assasins. He Jo Goth, his base, and make them yoke. had convinced his followers that any lie down. A counterpane was put act – falsehood, violence, robbery, over them. Pir Pagaro and the family The British retaliated with the thievery or even cold-blooded members of the volunteers would Hur Suppression Act (passed by murder with poison, rope or dagger, recite the Surat Al Fateha (the funeral Sindh Assembly in 1941). This Act done at the behest of his command prayer). This made the volunteers empowered security forces to fire would not only absolve the doer of dead for the material world. Then upon any suspect or arrest him. any sin but also grant him eternal he would make them stand up. This The Pir’s response was to raise a bliss in paradise. In the second half of signified their resurrection for the band of volunteers who would lay the eleventh century the Fidayeens – cause. The community feted them down their lives at his command followers of Hasan Bin Sabhah were and no desire of theirs were left unhesitatingly. so called, had carried out a series of unfulfilled. These Fidayeens were assassinations at his behest. Sindh has a long tradition of blind commitment to a cause. In Maha- Syed Bharat it is mentioned that a band of Sibghatullah “Samshaptaka” troops had fought on Shah Rashidi, the the side of the Kauravas. They used sixth Pir Pagaro, to take an oath (Shap) to fight to the evolved an finish, hence they had got this name. ingenious system They had challenged Arjuna, the to motivate his mightiest Pandava warrior and led Fidayeens. He him away on the day the Kauravas would call for had formed the Chakra-Vyuha and volunteers who killed Abhimanyu, son of Arjuna. were prepared Pir Pagaro exploited this trait of his to sacrifice their followers. To put a holy halo around lives for the cause. his struggle against the British he He would take all used the methods developed by those who came Hasan Bin Sabhah of Alamut. Hasan forward inside Bin Sabhah was the founder of the his mosque at Pir

Central Reserve Police Force 54 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation employed to wage war against the of the British armed strength. CRP, however, started its Darbar and the British. To them he Freedom struggle in various parts of operations briskly. A number of gave the slogan “Watan ya Maut” British India had also acquired a new suspects were arrested. They were (Homeland or Death). militant hue and had to be contained. properly interviewed to obtain Hence the Political Deptt. of the operational intelligence. The The Hurs proclaimed their leader Govt.of India decided to entrust the arrested persons were the only as “Saveh Badshah” (Victorious newly raised Crown Representative source of intelligence. The arrival of King) and under his direction Police (CRP) – which had been CRP further infuriated the Hurs. To launched a most virulent raised only 2½ years show their might as well defiance guerilla campaign. back, this task. they sabotaged and derailed the They established A detachment prestigious Lahore Mail on 16th a strong base consisting May, 1942, causing twenty-two within the of 3 service deaths including that of a Britisher. Mhakhi forest companies, They raised a new slogan “Bhej from where under the Pagara” (Bless us Pir). Folk singers they sallied command composed ballads in praise of Pir forth in small of Asstt. Pagaro and his dedicated followers groups to attack Comdt. Major and exhorted others to join the government N.S.Holmes was band-wagon. establishments. sent in March 1942 to Police stations, Canal The British arrested Pir Pagaro head works, government offices, Khairpur to operate against and sent him to Seoni Jail in British railways and post and telegraph the Hurs. In principle, they had India. It was hoped that this strong offices became their foremost targets. gone to assist the civil authority of action would throw a wet blanket the princely state. However, there over the Hur fire. It provoked the It was beyond the capability of was hardly any civil authority on the Hurs further. Now they unleashed Khairpur Darbar to meet the menace. ground. The Police stations had been a campaign of murder and arson It appealed to the paramount power. looted and burnt. The state’s officers which climaxed with the daylight The British armed forces could be were afraid to move about. No one murder of the Nazim (Chief) of ill-spared. The war against the Axis was prepared to assist the peace- Khairpur police. He was pulled out powers required undivided attention keepers. Reign of terror existed. of his buggy in a busy market place

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 55 and stabbed to death. enough to conclude the trial of Syed were left back to train and shape-up Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi II alias the state police force. His murder sapped the morale Pir Pagaro VI. He was sentenced to of the local police. They abandoned death and hanged on 20th March, The achievements of CRP their duty. Police stations and 1943 in Central Jail, Hyderabad were much lauded by all. The outposts were deserted. Emboldened (Sindh). His two sons were deported Commandant of the Force was by their success the Hurs widened to England, where they lived upto awarded the title of “OBE: (Order their circle of activities and started 1951. The Pir’s corpse was interred of British Empire). Jem. Said Zaman raiding other parts of Sindh as well. in an unmarked grave. Even today Khan was decorated with King’s Alarmed by this development the no one knows where he is buried. Police Medal for Gallantry. General British imposed Martial Law Rule Wavell, the then C-in-C of Indian over Sindh in June, 1942. Now the The Hurs were left leaderless. Army, mentioned the names of CRP detachments came under the However, they did not surrender. two CRP Officers, Stracey and direct command of the GOC Upper Their armed cadres withdrew to Osborne for their valuable services Sindh Force. Khairpur state was Grange Bunglow and Pir Jo Goth, in operations in Upper Sindh in his made its main responsibility. which they had fortified. Pitched dispatches. battles had to be fought to dislodge Within a short period CRP them from these well-defended The Hur operations proved the could restore the confidence strongholds. In May, 1943 CRP worth and mettle of CRP. Experiences of people in government. It re- could succeed in over-running these gained in these operations came established the police stations and places after heavy fighting. Mhakhi outposts in the desert area. A large forest was also combed and cleared handy while dealing with crime number of wanted offenders were of miscreants. and law and order situations in arrested and their cache of arms, other princely states like Balasinor, ammunition and other implements It took 16 months of relentless Kishengarh, Rewa, Pataudi, Datia, of sabotage recovered. Significantly hard work by CRP to usher in peace. Rampur etc in the consequent years. among the recovered articles there As the situation improved CRP was were a number of train-wrecking pulled back for other duties. In July, The silver Trophy standing in implements. Vigorous patrolling 1943 two companies returned to Hqrs the OM at Neemuch stands witness was organized. Restoration of and the remaining company came to this glorious chapter of CRP’s normalcy made the British confident back in May, 1944. Some instructors history.

Central Reserve Police Force 56 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation CRPF : An Ever Growing Organization

– Dr A.P. Maheshwari IG, Northern Sector CRPF.

aking further strides with a has consistently lived upto those alongwith the Nation through all Mrenewed commitment ‘DESH values in its past 75 years. The proud its frictions & fractures right from KE HUM HAIN RAKSHAK’, CRPF Force has in the true sense of the the Rann of Kutch to the boundaries marks its Diamond Jubilee with a word earned it. The oldest and now of the North east; from Kashmir to new theme song. The song may be largest armed Police Force on the Kanyakumari; from simple law & recent, but as an organization, CRPF internal security grid has traversed order protests to extreme situations of insurgencies & militancy and from open conflicts to proxy wars; from direct confrontations to technologically exported terror wars and from traditional modules to dynamic improvisations, its entire saga is an ideal model of bravery and sacrifice. As the most dynamic force to rely upon, it has a rich history of restoring peace, however volatile the situation. Its popularity and acceptability led to its being designated as the ‘Main Counter Insurgency Force’ with a rapid growth to over 228 BNs. The best thing about CRPF is that it has imbibed multifarious dexterities. It has defied all life cycles paradoxes.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 57 For any management expert, it shall given up its organic character amidst its local populace. Despite varied form an interesting study. bureaucratic tangles, thus remaining administrative dichotomies, it has ‘lively’. And most importantly, it drawn its own smart operational The most remarkable feature is has its own risk analysis. Knowing responses to cope with the resultant that it has accepted all the challenges well that it has to honour the fences trade offs. Security threats per-se are and quickly adapted itself to ensure drawn between centre and the not the risks for CRPF. It has learnt a quality-response. It has thus state in our federal set-up, it has to deal with it. The best responses become versatile. It has also not collaborated well with the states and have been witnessed not very long

Central Reserve Police Force 58 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation back in Punjab as well as Kashmir People tend to lose the personal impediments encountered by any and now in areas affected by Maoist touch and become victims of growing organisation. Growing violence. The extrinsic capacity bureaucratisation.This gives birth to in numbers alone is not sufficient. deficits have been largely mitigated paper tigers. It also leads to compromising by the inner values and heightened on quality as people are pushed emotions. The core organic character Inonimity further accentuates upward to fill up the supervisory of the Force has made its cohesive anonymity. Personal ‘castle- gaps without having much work mark again and again. building’ or creation of comfort experience. One finds it hard to zones tend to take precedence differentiate between information However, this is also the time to over the larger interests of the and knowledge, between the reflect upon the issues emanating organisation. Whereas, at the macro plausible and the appropriate. from the past and to draw a road level collaborative efforts become map ahead. The large growing indispensable in order to survive, There is no doubt in it that the organisations often have the risks of micro dynamics converge to form CRPF, as an armed police force of disintegration and disenchantment. closed-systems. Communication the centre, should keep refining its channels being professional responses under varied endless often situations of low intensity conflicts. tend to promote However, there has to be a fine wild grapevines. blend of the refined warfare tactics. Geographical terrain mapping Perceptions rule needs to be blended with Human the roost. One terrain mapping, overt policing needs seldom does to be partly substituted by covert any reality check policing, war of guns needs to be owing to domain supported by war of perceptions and - inaccessibility, so on. Can we create deceptions for physical as well the adversary or build autonomous as hierarchical. counter response capacities in case CRPF too has the adversary succeeds in deceiving not been able us? Are our area dominance moves to escape these based on critical assessment of

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 59 the situation or we are conducting responses, depending upon the operational culture, the point which operations on sheer administrative modus-operandi of the adversaries. has already been highlighted above. parameters? Have we mastered the The recent incidents of Naxal ambush Critical aspects that would indicate art of planned deviations? These are remind us of the age old combat what dynamism could mean in some of the questions we can ask tactics with respect to guerrilla the operational terms may include ourselves. warfare. The idea of recalling various multi-dimensional options these tactical moves is only to re- such as situational extrapolations, Operational grids have been emphasize the need for a dynamic SWOT analysis, cross country oscillating between various counter navigation, planning for bluffs and deceptions, vulnerability cum opportunity mapping and so on. This carries us further to the leadership and command domains so that we do not lose sight of the lead issues. In fact, strategic leadership and the art of combat should be viewed as the core business of the commanders. Constant shift of plans and places, as per the dynamic character of the conflict grid, could be the desired option in extreme situations. Owing to statistical pressure and a lack of operational vision, the security forces often defy the principle of strategic ambush and tend to provide a tactical advantage to the adversary through their

Central Reserve Police Force 60 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation premature dispositions. Whereas, wear out their troops unnecessarily. baits, bluffs and manipulations are one needs to be alert to the traps being They don’t send their troops on used to find ways to success. It is laid by the opponent, including the operations unless they can foresee an a game where the lesser evils are allurements offered by him, efforts advantage. They don’t use the troops adopted to avoid the greater evils, should be continuously on to locate mechanically, nor do they leave the but only when it is unavoidable and a strategic entry into his domain. responsibility of deployment on only to the extent that it is Commanders ought to retain organic unconcerned subordinates. ‘Use not indispensable. character of their Forces high by the troops unless you see a gain’ and Strategically, one need not rejoice mystifying their subordinates ‘fight not unless you occupy a critical a victory, nor grant any explanation through their authority, good faith position’; such are the strategic for a defeat. Asymmetric warfare and a rewarding attitude. They dispositions good commanders hinges between the tangibles and the can, thus, maintain their control, follow. They know the job, they intangibles. Tangibly, the counter cohesiveness and a high quality know their people, they know the terrorism responses have to be of delivery of their services by circumstances, they know the moves humane and within the legal norms, adopting good practices. To mention of the opponent, they can predict taking care of the local sentiments. a few - good commanders don’t contingencies and, Intangibly, such responses cannot thus, give an effective afford to neglect the undercurrents combat plan at the and, therefore, devise covert counter appropriate time to moves to regulate the flow of such their subordinates, undercurrents, in terms of direction who will then be as well as magnitude. highly motivated to perform in a compact, To conclude, like other growing cohesive manner. organisation, CRPF too needs to Strategic operational constantly focus on promoting vision hovers dynamic Commanders at all levels around all these and congruently inculcate a work- crucial dimensions. culture with built-in ‘autonomous However, it is a response capacity’ to successfully game of wit where face any eventuality.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 61 A Saga of Glorious Past A Journey - Abu Lawrence School to Internal Security Academy – B. S. Chauhan Director, ISA, Mt Abu

pleasant retreat, set amidst lush the southern extremity of the Aravali presence of these sages and seers, Aforest hills, Mount Abu is an range of hills. Rich in forests, flora this place became a holy retreat and oasis in the barren desertscape of and fauna, the town is like an oasis. is also called as ‘Saints Pinnacle’. For Rajasthan. This holy mountain lies at The altitude of this plateau is 1220 most visitors however, Mount Abu mt. It is a celebrated place of Jain and today, is a hill station with all the Rajput pilgrimage and is also known delightful spots necessary to make as “The Hill of Wisdom”. Dilwara their trip interesting. Jain Temples constructed between 11th and 13th century is a marvel in Abu Lawrence School – “Never white marble at par with Seven Give In” Wonders of the World. Great warrior Maharana Pratap of Mewar, who Sir Henry Montgomery never succumbed to the Mughal’s Lawrence was born at Matara, Sri Mt. Abu Bazar might and kept kindled the flame of Lanka on 28th June 1806. Sir Henry supreme bravery, in the aftermath was the fifth of twelve children born of the battle of Haldi Ghati (18-06- to Lt. Col. Alexander Lawrence. Like 1576 AD) also spent some time in the his father, five of the sons came out inaccessible reaches of Mount Abu to India, four became Generals. at Shergaon, a place about 15 kms away from the Academy in the hilly Sir Henry arrived in India ridges of Aravallis. during Feb. 1823 and joined the headquarters of Bengal Artillery Nakki Lake Mount Abu has been home to at Dum Dum, Calcutta. He was During their hey days many saints and sages. Due to the knighted in 1848, promoted as

Central Reserve Police Force 62 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Brigadier General in 1856 and appointed Chief Commissioner at Lucknow. Sir Henry founded four Schools at different locations in India viz. Mount Abu, Sanawar (Kasauli), Lovedale (Ooty) and Ghora Gali (Muree, now in Pakistan). “Never give in” was the shared motto of all his schools and this was taken from the Lawrence “Coat of Arms”. Sir Henry Lawrence also established asylums in the hills of India, at first near Sanawar (Kasauli) and later at Mt. Abu as per his wife’s Honoria Lawrence long – standing desire of an Asylum for the children of British soldiers in India.

Constructed in 1849 Abu Lawrence School was founded by Major General Sir H. M. Lawrence, Abu Lawrence School - presently ISA KCB, while serving as an agent to the Governor General in Rajputana. SCHOOL) in 1940 aged 8 Yrs, and He died on 4th July 1857. According MEMOIRE left in 1948, you could say all my early Firstly I wish to express my gratitude formative years were here in MOUNT to his last Will, the Abu Lawrence to the Commandant and staff of the ABU. Asylum and Abu Lawrence School Academy, for their kindness, courtesy The A.L.S. was in my time organised in and consideration, shown to me were dedicated to East India a very strict military like regime. There and my wife, during our visit to the Company, where he served for was strict segregation at all times Academy, which I first knew as the ABU between boys and girls and we boys only over 35 years. The school building LAWRENCE SCHOOL. saw the girls – as and when, sporting including out offices were then built I came to A.L.S (ABU LAWRENCE – Inter House activities took place - at a cost of Rs. 10,000/- only.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 63 “WE COULD SEE BUT NOT TOUCH” dormitory was closely supervised by Mount Abu, these were used by Rajahs ! regardless of our school Motto “ NEVER HOUSE MASTER OR MISTRESS. and the British Resident. All social events GIVE IN”. The boys and girls were formed into took place only in the then RAJPUTANA OUR DAILY REGIME:- (MONDAY TO House groups, under various historical CLUB, nowhere else. Street lighting was SATURDAY) names – BOYS HOUSES were almost unknown and an old bus service 0600 - MORNING BELL–WAKE UP– MILITARY HEADS - CLIVE, ROBERT, took about 1 and half to 2 hours from WASH (IN COLD WATER) WELLINGTON and MARLBOROUGH ABU ROAD TO MOUNT ABU. 0630 – MORNING INSPECTION – whilst Girls were in houses named To finalize, my education and training BY HOUSE MASTER after Historical women – VICTORIA, regime at ALS was to give me a personal 0700 – BREAKFAST. ELIZABETH, NIGHTINGALE, CAVILL. structure and personality which enabled 0800 – MORNING FORMATION/ Education: - Our educational level was me to handle most of life’s problems and PARADE too, junior & senior Cambridge, whilst to live it to the full. 0815 - MARCH TO YOUR CLASS boys, were also encouraged to study for This visit at my age to the “academy” 1230 – MID DAY MEAL various MILITARY entrance exams. At (ALS) was long in thought and planning 1330 - REST PERIOD 14 years old I was taught how to march, and I shall be eternally grateful to the 1530 - TEA MEAL salute, parade drills, how to clean fire, Commandant and his staff, for I have 1600 - EVENING CLASSES and assemble the British army standard fulfilled a dream. On Sunday’s all went to the one Church rifle- Lee-Enfield .303. I sign off this long statement, with my own St Saviours we would march there and Feeding arrangements:- The cookhouse life school MOTTO “NEVER GIVE IN” – back. Boys first, girls second, on Sunday is now your academy Canteen, and LONG LIVE THE ACADEMY- LONG also was compulsory school sporting our DIET was based on STANDARD LIVE HINDUSTAN” activity. Twice weekly was compulsory BRITISH ARMY RATION LEVEL FOR sports Hockey, Cricket, Athletics, there YOUNG ARMY RECRUITS except we JAI HIND ! was no exceptions!!!! Every week boys were not allowed BEEF in any form, to had also to learn how to engage socially the best of my memory. – TABLE MANNERS. Conversation and The school had it’s own currency how to dance—Yes’- DANCE , we were as we were not allowed to enter the local taught to dance WALTZ, FOXTROT, markets, but ways and means were Mr. PATRICK ROBERT MICHAEL TANGO, our partner in this were STRAW found by the boys to enter the bazaar MCMAHON FILLED DUMMIES - Girls were also and trade school currency with the fast No.1, HACKING LANE, taught to Dance, sew and needle craft. food BABU’s of the day ! SOUTH ELMSALL, PONTEFRACT, ORGANIZATION- Boys slept in a long Discipline- was severe; it took form of ENGLANK, UK, WF 92SU, dormitory one side of the Main building beating with a cane by House Masters on Ex. Abu Lawrence School, (1940-48) the girl’s dormitory called “The HALL your posterior and compulsory lessons School No. Boy 51 (B51) OF VIRTUE” by us was on the other during evening till 2000 hrs at night. Dated 15/02/2007 side of the main HALL BUILDING and Local information: - At my time there is now the ACADEMY LIBRARY. Each appeared to be only a dozen cars in all of

Central Reserve Police Force 64 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation The Abu Lawrence School was MEMOIRE over those of mixed parentage co-educational, which provided I joined the Abu Lawrence School in September, 1947 for admission in to the school. when my parents immigrated from Sindh to Mount accommodation to 32 girls and 48 Abu. The School, I was admitted to was a co-ed Donors could nominate children boys and was partly maintained school, chosen for its central location and idyllic for admission. Proportions of their by imperial funds and partly from surroundings. I was suddenly catapulted into the donation’s fee structure were in private subscriptions, fees and British culture. A deluge of white boys and girls engulfed me. It was an intriguing surprise after accordance with the ranks in Army. interests on endowments. Primarily, attending vernacular school in Sindh. No fee was charged from the wards the school provided refuge and The principal then was Major Leblond, a no- of pensioned soldiers. The child’s practical education to orphans and non sense English man aided by his jovial wife. So staunch discipline was the key. The staff was baptism certificate was essential soldier’s children in a good climate. all British, suitably garbed in suits, the students for admission to the school. For The managing committee comprised uniformed in cotton grey shirts, shorts and tunics, withdrawal, 14 days advance notice of the Government General’s with red and black striped ties, belts and stockings. was a must. The school started with morning prayer with live Agent (the Resident) of West piano played by the Music Teacher and sung with Rajputana State, the Superintending gusto by the principal, the staff and the students. After first world War, East India Engineer, the Chaplain of Abu, the Weekly church service held in the church across the Company took care of education road was a ritual. Monthly ball room dances were of the wards of old boys of Abu Commandant of sanatorium, Officer conducted. It was a swell set up. Commanding of the station Hospital March 1949, the ALS experienced a change. Major Lawrence school who died during and Magistrate of Abu. Inspector Leblond left for UK and was replaced by Mr. M.A. the war. After independence, on of European School of Bombay and Young, a post graduated from Oxford University. 15th September 1948, Central Police The standard of education was maintained but the Central India used to visit the school downward trend continued with the acute recession Training College for Indian Police periodically. and aftermath of the partition. The school tottered Service Officers was established doggedly and was forced to close down in December at Mount Abu. The Abu Lawrence The staff comprised of a Head 1950, due to lack of funds. Now the building is in School was closed down on 30th very safe hand and houses the creditable institute, Master, a school Mistress and three The I.S.A. of the C.R.P. Now every now and then, at December 1950. Assistant Masters. Children between the age of 79, I gaze at the lofty structure shaded by the age of five and twelve were silver oaks and wonder as while the Lawrence schools Initially, the Central Police in other locales are functioning, why did the Abu admitted and withdrawn at age of Lawrence School close down? sixteen.

Children of pure European Ex- student, Abu Lawrence School parentage were given precedence The then Officer’s Mess – Rajputana Hotel Estate (RHE)

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 65 Training College was housed in ground and Cama Rajputana club CPWD properties with an area of Army barracks. The premises of the ground were used for carrying out approx. 24.05 acres were transferred Abu Lawrence school building were outdoor training activities, while to CRPF at a cost of Rs.31,65,540/- acquired for housing of its offices, Polo ground of Mt. Abu was used only, while the historical Rajputana class rooms, library and Rajputana for horse riding and conducting Hotel Estate (RHE) having an area of Hotel Estate for its officers Mess. Passing out Parade of IPS officer 5.18 acres has been recently acquired After shifting of the Central Police trainees till 1975 and direct officers of through State Govt on 10/07/2013 at Training College in its rechristened CRPF/CAPFs undergoing their basic a cost of Rs.18,49,56,761/- only. At version as Sardar Vallabh Bhai foundation course at ISA, CRPF, present ISA is functioning from 14 Patel National Police Academy to Mt. Abu. In the year 2000, twelve properties with a total area of 33.732 Hyderabad, the Central Reserve acres of land. Police Force took over the complex The Academy was raised with to establish its Internal Security an objective to organize Internal Academy on 1st February 1975. Security Courses and Seminars for Internal Security Academy – “ various levels of officers of Central Kkusu~ lk/;rs 'kfDr% ” Police Organizations, State Police and the Executive Magistrates and The Internal Security Academy also to run basic foundation and was established at Mount Abu, in-service courses for Gazetted Rajasthan, on 1st February 1975 Officers of the CRPF and other and took over all properties from CAPF officers. Besides above, ISA Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel National has also been entrusted with an Police Academy, which were either additional responsibility to conduct hired or owned by CPWD. The Internal Security Courses for foreign building which houses the main police personnel like Nepal and Academy Campus i.e. the erstwhile Bhutan and is continuously sharing Abu Lawrence School with an area responsibilities in building the of 4.5 acres of land was purchased overall training environment by by CRPF in 1979 at a cost of Passing out parade of 17th batch of DAGO’s at running various BPR&D sponsored Polo ground, Mt. Abu Rs.6,85,000/- only. The Academy courses as a part of upgradation of

Central Reserve Police Force 66 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation training activities at national level. 14th batch had undergone their basic Mount Abu for its up-gradation as Today the Academy can say with training at Central Training College ‘Centre of Excellence’ to achieve pride that it has risen to its objectives – Nimach. modernization, to meet objective in a befitting manner since its raising. of operational requirements, for MEMOIRE integration of training needs and With a motto 'kfDr% “ ” ISA is creation of facilities for effective shouldering responsibility from the coordination amongst all CPMFs so front as an apex training centre of Central Reserve Police Force. Because ISA: My Alma mater of its outstanding role played in the 1975 batch of DAGOs, was the first batch field of various training activities, fully trained and passed out from ISA. The it has been designated as ‘Centre training syllabus was fine mix of exhaustive outdoor and extensive indoor training. It of Excellence’ on Internal Security had clear philosophy of treating trainees by Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. like officers of class and soldiery of ruthless of India and is a store house of case physical training. studies on Internal Security and Our training started in August, with heavy other allied policing subjects. rains in Mount Abu. We were out in downpour to go for training. That really helped in our First batch of directly appointed conditioning and acclimatization. Deputy Superintendents of Police A wide range of subjects for our intellectual Consequent upon shifting of stimulation were part of our indoor curriculum. (DAGOs of CRPF) were trained NPA to Hyderabad, the officer’s Besides, renowned celebrities & National in the year 1961 along with wing of the CRPF trainees with 14th achievers were invited to share their experiences IPS probationers. CRPF DAGOs batch of DAGOs was shifted from of life. It always followed by a dinner night up to 6th batch were trained at where we could freely interact with them. It Neemuch to Mt Abu, to complete was a matter of great motivation learning. The C.P.T.C., Mt. Abu along with IPS their remaining part of training at stay at ISA was tough but enjoyable for us. officer trainees till the year 1966. newly established ISA, CRPF, Mt ISA, as a premium training institution, have Subsequently, the basic training of Abu. contributed in many ways in development of CRPF DAGO’s shifted to Central Leadership & Human Resource, to provide MHA vide their Order No. strong backup to the force. Many of us are Training College - Nimach in the recipients of Gallantry Medals and other year 1966 and it continued there till 14520/2000-Pers-II dated 1st prestigious decorations to prove that the 1975. CRPF DAGOs from 7th batch to April 2002 proposed ISA, CRPF,

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 67 Academy produced the best. All this we owe On introduction of Limited Human Rights, Public order & Rule to our pride alma mater ISA and pay tribute departmental competitive of Law, Staff duties, dealing court to all members of training faculty and junior instructors. examinations (LDCE) in the year 2001, cases, etc. officers were called as Departmental Entry Gazetted Officers (DEGO) and The academy started functioning with running five courses during its their training was entrusted to ISA. Prof. Dr. V.V. Singh Till 2006, five batches of DEGOs formative days but at present it is Ex-Commandant CRPF had undergone their basic training entrusted with the responsibility to Now Management Consultant & Corporate Trainer at ISA, Mt. Abu. Later it was shifted conduct eighteen different types of to CRPF Academy, where from 6th courses in a year, besides conducting to 10th batch of DEGOs completed BPR&D sponsored Vertical that such facilities could be shared their basic training. Again in the Interaction Courses for IPS and by all forces. year 2013, basic training of 11th Senior Police Officers up to DG level. Batch of DEGOs was entrusted to For training, scientific and realistic So far, 1,215 CRPF officers have ISA Mt Abu. So far, 132 DEGOs have methods are being adopted. The undergone their basic training at completed their basic training at Academy encourages the principle this academy since its inception till ISA, Mt Abu. of “learning with participation and 2005, after which basic training of pleasure” with definite aim to meet DAGOs was shifted to newly raised As on date, ISA is conducting the desired objectives of each course. CRPF Academy, Kadarpur, Gurgaon wide range of Internal Security The Academy is committed to live (Haryana). Officers of ITBP, CISF Courses for CRPF, other CAPFs, up to the expectations of one and all and SSB had also undergone their Armed Forces, State Police, in the larger interest of CRPF and basic training along with the regular Administrative and Foreign Police country and society as a whole. Officers. Since its raising, besides batches of CRPF DAGOs. ISA is training officers in basic foundation In addition to the faculty officers, proud to be an Alma Matter of and in-service courses, it has also this Academy keep on soliciting many Central Armed Police Forces trained 10,920 officers on various the services of specialists and direct officers especially that of 1st subjects like Internal Security, senior officers by inviting them for batch of SSB, who were trained delivering lectures in various senior along with my batch i.e. 17th batch in 1984.

Central Reserve Police Force 68 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation level courses to enrich the knowledge witnessed a series of happenings. It Academy. of participants. Nothing could be will not be out of place to say that better than calling officers who were it is the birth place of Indian Police Today, the Internal Security trained here and CPTC/ISA happens system post independence. Many Academy is relentlessly to be their Alma Matter. They feel Police stalwarts had made beginning endeavouring to provide a platform pride in accepting our invitation of their long cherished carrier from for free and frank discussions, and sharing their rich and valuable here. It has also the privilege to sharing of experiences and reviewing welcome serving Prime ministers, the strategic and operational aspects MEMOIRE Governors, Home Ministers besides to deal with the emerging threats various other dignitaries, who have in the field of Internal Security in lauded the role of ISA in highlighting our Country in an effective manner the various facets of Internal befitting its mandate of “Centre of Security and its maintenance, which Excellence”. has helped many police officers in I feel proud and extremely maintaining the Internal Security of privileged to be an Alma Matter of the nation. Power through pursuit this Academy and now in heading of knowledge is the sole objective the same as Director. I take this and guiding cum stimulating factor, privilege to assure one and all that while imparting training at this the Academy has been and shall remain committed to stand by its motto 'kfDr%“ ” experiences with the trainees. The teachings by erstwhile Alma Matters are of an immense help to the new generation officers of Police and CAPFs.

Academy in its 40 years of 1984 – The then Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi visiting ISA, Mt. Abu rich saga and glorified history has

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 69 What’s in a Name ? – S. D. Pandey Former DG, CRPF From ‘Crown Representative’s Police’ to ‘Central Reserve Police Force’

ithout questioning the general the ravages of time while many even though the external threats Wsoundness of the well known others of the same ilk—‘Unano Misr try their best to make full use of the cliché we can still say that in the case Roma’—have gone into oblivion. As internal situation. of our ‘Force’ there is a lot in the new a modern polity, however, it is still name that is significant as indicative young and also very vulnerable. Even In brief, the major threat arises of a major, and subtle, change in its though many prophets of doom, who from what has been our major role. To appreciate this we need to predicted take a quick look at the recent history its collapse, of our land. have been proved After the Crown’s Representative, wrong, the Viceroy, left the shores of the we cannot sub-continent, India became a ignore the sovereign State, a Polity, like it was reality of never before. May be the historians the threat can draw our attention to some weak that it and short-lived approximations of a faces. Our modern nation state in the past but concern in these are at best exceptions and don’t this note alter the overall picture . is with the threat As a civilization and a culture arising India is indeed the ageless and from within vibrant ‘ancient’ that has withstood

Central Reserve Police Force 70 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation strength as a civilization viz. the A force incredible diversity. One aspect of raised and this was the so-called ‘Indian India’ designed consisting of a plethora of native states ‘to help the ----some larger than many countries princely states of Europe. Their integration —a to contain the Herculean task accomplished with unrest’ of the thundering success despite very praja would meager resources available---sorted have been out what could have caused a major not only an balkanization. However, as the heady anachronism brew of freedom and democracy in the new started showing its intoxicating and situation but debilitating effects the far-sighted also utterly founding fathers of the new India inadequate in realized the imperative of a strong the post colonial scenario. During the as regular armed insurrections Centre ---strong both in ‘mind and struggle for freedom both ‘We the that weaken the essential ‘strong muscle’ --- that must hold. They also people of India’ and our leaders had centre’ by attrition and if not dealt devised a Constitution that accepts had a good and fruitful exposure to with firmly and in good time, have and honours the diversity without the craft of turning real or imaginary the potential to turn India into an letting it impinge on the essential unrests into ‘agitations’. These ‘almost failed state’ like some in our and strong ‘political’ centrality of did not come to a full stop after neighborhood. the country. The reorganization Independence---‘Inquilaqb Zidabad’ and renaming of its prime Central continued to be a favourite political Can this ‘largest para-military Police Force and its phenomenal slogan. Unfortunately, with the force of the country (perhaps of expansion over the years can be seen wise leadership of the old veterans the world!)’ in its new incarnation as part of the effort to combine, in gradually disappearing from the with a new name be considered political parlance, the ‘federalist’ scene, we have increasing instances capable of playing an effective role and ‘unionist’ elements in shaping of such agitations not only turning in safeguarding against such a likely the future. into sporadic violence but growing contingency? It is not easy to give a

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 71 confident affirmative answer to this crucial question.

The staggeringly large size of the Force may give the impression of its adequacy –at least numerically. But a deeper analysis would show that constant and massive deployments on routine duties in aid of State governments tend to seriously compromise both the ‘Reserve’ and ‘Central’ nature of CRPF. They give substance to the in-house joke that over the years it has tended to become the largest ‘man power contractor’ for the States. And then there is another

such tell tale joke --- the signature letters “C R P F” standing for a ‘Chalte Raho Pyre Force’ – which indicates how serious damage can be caused to the morale

Central Reserve Police Force 72 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation the strength of of the routine ‘aid to civil power’ the Centre itself. commitments. Given the nature of The capacity the basic law of the land a determined and expertise effort is called for both from the to tackle such leaders of the Force and the political threats effectively masters as custodians of the ‘mind cannot be allowed and muscle’ parts of the prescription to be neglected for making CRPF equal to the new because of the delicate and difficult role indicated preponderance by its new name.

Deployed at the disputed shrine at Ayodhya and quality of training that must be provided, and constantly updated. The old so-called ‘Indian India’—the rajvaras--- have all gone and we now have our new constituent States of ‘India that is Bharat’.And they will have all kinds of agitations for which they will need help from the Centre. Providing that help will thus remain an important part of the charter of duties of this newly christened old force. But is that the end of the story? We can say an emphatic ‘no’ to this in view of the experience of some serious threats, with an ominous combo of internal and 90 CRP jawans on on trail of dacoits on border defence duty in Jaiselmer - 1948. external elements, aimed at eroding

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 73 Thy ‘will’ be done! - Rakesh Jaruhar Former Special DG, CRPF hen the killings of political heavy burden in defending ‘the idea of armed extremists undergoing Wleaders in Darbha Ghat, of India’. training, leaves him with the Bastar, took place a year ago, among question – what is the Indian state the issues raised was, why was CRPF The common Indian is often upto ? not provided to escort the Congress in awe of the Maoist–extremists. leaders. For CRPF, this was a back His perception in general is that The Indian state is fighting it out. handed compliment, especially, the state is unable to curb/contain It has taken them sometime to realize since unknown to most citizens, their lawlessness. Images of killed that the response to armed, non-state they are shouldering an awesomely policemen together with images parties that believes in violence, has to be semi-military in nature. Once this assessment got embedded in policy making, the government has responded quite swiftly and more importantly, holistically. It is not my case that everything possible has been done but the movement is in the direction that will, as time passes, yield suitable results.

The police, especially the CRPF – the Trident of the Central Government, is getting transformed into a unit that can respond appropriately not only to what the extremists can inflict, but to also respond appropriately. After the

Central Reserve Police Force 74 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation centres/nodes. As these become fully operational, the qualitative difference in the CRPF's capability will undergo a palpable change. The operational capability of CRPF has been enhanced. The shelters/camps in deep jungles have been brought within the ‘strike’ capability of CRPF

The second lesson learnt when dealing with the Maoists was - not the Naxalites, but the CRPF must ‘own’ the jungle. Notwithstanding the Bastar incident, systematically, their ‘safe’ camps, training schools, and capability to organize have been degraded. Jhumra, Saranda, Jangalmahal, Chakarbanda, Kandamahal, Rohtas are some of the places where the states writ have been re-established. The fight is on in Crossing a River South Chhattisgarh, Chatra, Palamu/ Saryu and Gadchiroli. Continuous incident in Dantewada in 2010, retrain them. This intensive training Operations by CRPF has prevented wherein 76 CRPF personnel were program is not only making the them from re-grouping, training, and killed by Naxalites, the first lesson men more capable of defending indoctrinating their cadres. It has was spelt out succinctly: train them; themselves, but is also enhancing drastically reduced their recruitment. when that is over, retrain them; their self confidence. Towards With the operationalization of the when retraining is finished train this end the Home Ministry has jungle battalions, who have deep them again and when that is over, set up over thirty new training interdiction capability, it will be

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 75 of the men. The of extremists. The ‘enveloping communication response’ to major incidents – such network is now as the one that occurred in Darbha so robust and Ghat is needed and the groundwork multi-tiered that has been laid for this. every unit can The political leadership of all always access it’s the Maoist affected states are very command and concerned about this problem. control centres. Carrying out public mobilization in Unmanned Aerial Junglemahal area in West Bengal, Vehicle (UAV) Jan Sampark visits in Maoist is likely to be a affected districts and depleting game changer. their support base in Bihar, creating Their extensive Special Operations Groups in operationalization possible to dislodge them from their is still in progress. safe havens. Significant success has been achieved The third lesson learnt was the on certain occasions. need to induct new technology. The availability of Widespread computerization and helicopters has gone it’s extensive use in operations up from three to has been very helpful in planning 15 in a years time. and executing operations. GPS, This has allowed night vision devices, binoculars, casualty evacuation, satellite images, telescopic sights for rapid movement snipers, and a wide variety of new of strike units and weapons ranging from Under Barrel swift response to Grenade Launchers to X-56 rifles information received Shri Dilip Trivedi, DG CRPF Watching A Demo of Automatic Gre- has enhanced the fighting capability about the movement nade Launcher

Central Reserve Police Force 76 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation In the process political space is being created for necessary action. The CRPF, (or, for that matter, any police, or military unit) cannot ‘solve’ a social-economic-political problem. The creation of political space allows for re-conciliation and re-habilitation of the extremists. A family centred surrender policy and a more nuanced civic action program would add to this process.

At the end of the day, everything depends on the resources being made available to those who are taking on the naxalites. The political leadership is slowly veering around to this view point as the unanimous resolution of the Chief Minsters of Naxalite affected states is an indication. This augurs well for the country.

The CRPF is capable and willing Shooting Prowess to take on the extremists. They merely ask for understanding from Orissa, personally supervising the the problem and trying to find an our countrymen about the difficult availability of food for the tribals appropriate solution. The clear mind task they are performing. of Bastar and setting up counter that they have displayed vis-à-vis insurgency schools in Chhattisgarh the Maoists, has been of immense (The writer retired as Special etc., are in fact acknowledging help to CRPF in their operations. DG, Central Zone in the CRPF)

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 77 A Critical Overview of the Counter- Insurgency Doctrines of Britain, USA and Israel

– Dr N. C. Asthana IG Training, CRPF nsurgents use all the tools available liable to be perceived as failing campaigns that have been conducted Ito them—political, informational unless they maintain a degree of by other nations since the end of the (including appeals to religious, order everywhere. Quite often the Second World War, very few qualify ethnic, or ideological beliefs or psychological effect of insurgent as a complete success. Still, it always social/societal exploitation), military, strikes on the collective psyche of pays to learn from the wisdom (or and economic—in their attempt to the nation is much greater and more lack of it) of others for as Prince discredit or eventually overthrow decisive than their actual physical Otto Von Bismarck had famously the existing dispensation. Modern component. said: “Fools learn from their own governments do have an initial experience; I prefer to learn from In response, counterinsurgency other people’s experiences.” advantage in resources; however, (COIN) must be a massive, complex that edge is counterbalanced and multi-dimensional effort Britain’s approach to to a considerable extent by the involving military, paramilitary, counterinsurgency prior to 1998 requirement of the commitment political, economic, psychological, focused primarily on the operational of a vast amount of resources to social, developmental, and even and tactical level to defeat Maoist- maintain order and protect the cultural actions taken by the style ‘nationalist’ insurgencies. target population as well as critical governments to defeat insurgencies. Hailed as the epitome of the British infrastructure. Insurgents succeed The sheer complexity of the exercise model, General Robert Thompson’s by sowing chaos and disorder is evident from the fact that in ideas were really focused at the anywhere; the governments are the numerous counterinsurgency strategic and operational level,

Central Reserve Police Force 78 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation whereas General Frank Kitson’s being too Malaya and Northern advantage in that the insurgents ideas are generally seen as a Ireland centric in the distillation of were really very primitive people on practitioner’s viewpoint at the the lessons learnt in which certain whom the WHAM gimmicks could operational and more specifically, historical realities have been ignored. make an impact—a situation not tactical level. Gen. Robert Thompson The Chinese Communists under likely to be encountered anywhere had outlined five broad principles: a Chairman Mao Tse Tung were still else. clear political aim; work within the consolidating internally after their law; the development of an overall victory over the Nationalist Chinese Moreover, it should also not be forgotten that, until the Aden plan; defeat political subversion; and had not really been able to campaign, there was very little and secure base areas. Gen. Frank provide any substantial support to media coverage of British operations Kitson emphasized four basic points: the Malayan Communists. As such, and it allowed them considerable good coordinating machinery; the the firepower of the insurgents was ‘operational freedom’ (read HR propaganda war (psywar); effective absolutely primitive in comparison violations) that does not exist today intelligence; and operating within to that of the British. Further, for any CI force in the world. The the law. Britain effectively undermined the British were not reluctant to use Malaysian Communist Party by The British counterinsurgency heavy force either—there were 105 setting a clear political objective to doctrine has been criticized as mm artillery batteries and armoured grant Malaya independence by 1957. reconnaissance squadrons. Even Malaya was successful in that era, the air support was in large part because of extensive, though not as great as the its geo-strategic location Americans had in Vietnam. Besides with only one border with helicopters, numerous fixed-wing Thailand and a secure aircrafts like the Auster, Beaver, base in Singapore from Scouts, and Twin Pioneer were also which to operate. It could pressed into service. be isolated and rebel sanctuaries addressed Following the demise of the era of easily. The WHAM was a communism-inspired insurgencies, novel idea in that era but the current American COIN doctrine the British had a great regards "insurgents" as outsiders

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 79 success in securing is necessary to continued success in fighting—a mutually dependent relationship which some authorities describe as ‘stability operations’. This involves a complicated agenda of non-military policies, authorities, specialists and resources intended to bring down the passive, if not active support of the people to the insurgency. The old WHAM is now being peddled by the Americans as ‘decency and brotherhood’ approach. At the operational level, however, critics maintain, it translates into: "Try to be nice, but if they don't go along with the program ‘manipulate’ them. If that doesn't' work, kill them." It is obvious that they too have had no aversion to ‘eliminating insurgents’ (or at least ‘trouble makers with territory ‘won’ or ‘liberated’, the and collateral damage does not press a foreign ideology’) by the native need to begin cooperation with panic buttons. It needs no reminder population in a fixed geographic civilian support and of course, that a heavy dependence on artillery the negative costs of occupation— region. The current US counter- and air support has all along been something which the ISAF has so insurgency doctrine is based on the vital to the American doctrine since painfully learnt in its 13 year long concept of “fight, secure, build”. the Vietnam days—now epitomized operations in Afghanistan with in the extensive use of heavily armed While the ‘fighting’ aspect is a whopping $140 billion having APCs and MRAPs of all kinds; obvious, the act of ‘securing’ requires been spent on the ‘fighting’ aspect Predators; and Apache gunships. commitment of a large number of alone ! Success in ‘building’ is troops to continue to secure the necessary to sustain ‘securing’, and The Americans are intellectually

Central Reserve Police Force 80 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation honest enough to admit that ‘gated communities’. Over-watch Bush administration doubted the maintaining security in an unstable is maintained increasingly through value of Israel's offensive moves, environment requires commitment unmanned aerial platforms— namely, targeted killings, when he of vast resources and may not be described as ‘aerial occupation’. In stated in July 2001 that "Israel needs cost-effective. A small number their peculiar circumstances, the to understand that targeted killings of highly motivated insurgents Israeli approach has essentially of Palestinians don't end the violence, with simple weapons, excellent been one of counter-terrorism but are only inflaming an already OPSEC, and tolerable mobility can and not counterinsurgency in an volatile situation and making it undermine security operations over urban setting as envisaged by its much harder to restore calm." Daniel a large area. They also admit that exponents like Carlos Marighella. Byman has shown in his work 'A the effort requires a firm political At operational level they place great High Price: The Triumphs and will and substantial patience by emphasis on actionable intelligence Failures Of Israeli Counterterrorism', the government, its people, and, in at company level. The Israelis have that tactical victories eventually their case, the countries providing frequently been criticized on the become strategic defeats. The killing support. ground of ‘overkill’. of Hamas's master bomb-maker, Yahya “the Engineer” Ayyash, in The Israeli approach to COIN Since their tactical gains have often 1996, for example, no doubt dented has been described as ‘stabilization mesmerized uninitiated observers, Hamas's capabilities for some time, operations’ in a prolonged low- it merits a critical evaluation. The but it also led to a renewed wave intensity conflict zone with a special basis of the Israeli approach of of bus bombings. The continuous focus on people of their own ethnic 'overkill' is an unstated belief that killing of terrorists in West Bank and origin. As a long term measure, a ‘proportionate response’ is not an Gaza has only led to being more and realizing that reconciliation is not effective deterrent to terrorism. Scott more of them being produced—in really possible, their traditional Atran, a veteran analyst, argues that fact Israeli action in those areas has, technique has been physical “repeated suicide actions show that to a considerable extent, become the segregation of the target populace. massive counterforce alone does not global rallying point for susceptible The Americans also copied it in diminish the frequency or intensity Muslims to take up arms against Iraq where vast areas have been of suicide attacks." Even Richard Zionist oppression supported by sealed off behind concrete walls and Boucher, then State Department the West, thereby making the West sand berms, creating what they call spokesperson under the hawkish almost an unintended target.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 81 The Memorable Journey

– Dr B N Ramesh PS, B.Tech, MBA (IIM-Calcutta), PhD (IIT-Kharagpur), LLM, Director/IG, CRPF Academy, Gurgaon (Haryana)

he CRPF Act 1939 was the legal and brought in the biggest threat to Tbasis from the starting of the Internal Security. Crown Representative Police Force, which, post independence, was Since the above mentioned converted as Central Reserve Police threat of the left wing extremism Force by the Iron Man of India Sardar especially post Sep 2004 is a pan Patel. The mandate, functions, Indian challenge and was spreading responsibilities, conditions and across many of the districts in the compensations were all stipulated country apart from the 9 severely in the Act and various rules and affected States, at one point of time amendments were made there in according to the Ministry of Home from time to time. It was also subject affairs, the Left Wing Extremism to the revisions through various Pay was very active in 221 districts of the Commissions and through special six hundred and odd districts of the o rders from the Ministry of Home Country. This has caused a paradigm Affairs from time to time. In the shift in the role of the CRPF and the beginning of this century, CRPF CRPF no longer remained as CRPF. had been mandated the crucial In other words, Central Reserve task of maintaining the Internal to Pashupati. The emergence of Police Force, since the Force is no Security. The challenges that were CPI(Maoist) with the concept of longer reserve force, has become causal to such mandate were many mergers and acquisitions of the Left Completely Deployed Police Force and chief among them being the Wing Extremists Organizations in and there was an increasing demand uncontrollable march of the Left the Country on 21st Sep 2004 is a for the creation and deployment Wing Extremism from Tirupati combination of all these challenges of the new battalions of the

Central Reserve Police Force 82 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation of quantity but also Extremism in the first decade of this from the point of millennium. This is the main reason quality. It is reserved for the growth of the CRPF in terms only for intervention of numbers, utilization and also in under some peculiar terms of deployment much more conditions which today when compared to the whole has lots to do with of its existence for the past seventy the Union – State five years. Today the CRPF is 220 relations. The Battalions and a few more are being same thing was a raised. Every day recruitment is big subject matter going on for different categories. of the Sarkaria CRPF also acquired specific skills Commission, in terms of Combat Battalions for which examined Resolute Action namely (CoBRA), the Union – State Rapid Action Force (RAF), Special relation in India. The Duty Group, Special Parliamentary same issue is also Protection Group and recently three integrally related battalions have been earmarked with the article 356 for VIP security also. This is apart of Constitution of from the functional specialization India namely the like the Signal Battalions and the imposition of the Mahila Battalions. Two Battalions President’s Rule. of the CRPF have been earmarked as National Disaster Response Force The single (NDRF) Battalions. CRPF. It became CDPF in the first serious aspect of change that decade of this millennium namely brought a congenial transformation Function Completely Deployed Police Force. of attitude among many state The reserveness of CRPF has to be governments is the increasingly The functional specialization of understood not only from the point irrefusable lethality of the Left Wing the CRPF is tailor made to its wide

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 83 and varied challenges that the Force by ill-trained, ill-equipped, ill- few incidents are enough to show is increasingly tasked to face. In motivated force. Since the CRPF is the valour of the CRPF especially the Counter Insurgency operations, a well trained, well equipped and when two companies of CRPF responsibility was given to the a superbly motivated force, there stopped one brigade of Pakistan’s CRPF from BSF in the first years of is increasing demand even for the Army in the 1965 war, and when previous decade in Kashmir and routine Panchayat elections, on the the CRPF personnel sacrificed their in the entire Jammu and Kashmir part of the State. Governments in lives in Tibetan area and when theatre, one-third of the CRPF have the entire country for deployment the force played an important been deployed. Thus the CRPF of the CRPF since the local police role in maintaining the peace and has become a life line of country’s is invariably seen as politically tranquility post the Bangladeshi integration specially keeping peace colluding with the ruling party Liberation and also when the force in Kashmir throughout the thick and of whatever dispensation. Thus, played an important role in almost thin of Indo-Pak relations. While through its well oiled machinery every national calamity either man North-East saw ups and downs and hugely acclaimed functioning, made or natural. Even the 16th Lok of various terrorists/ insurgency/ the CRPF, in my opinion, deserves Sabha Election during March-May separatist groups including a new name as ‘Credibility 2014 saw maximum sacrifices by the ULFA terrorists, BODO Militant Reinforcing Police Force’. I feel that CRPF in terms of number of men Organizations, Kamtapur Liberation the CRPF functioning can be put in who became martyrs. The very fact Organization etc, the CRPF through the following words in Hindi. tgka of more than thousand Gallantry its iron grip over the natural lhvkjihlh (CRPC) iQsy gksrh gS ogka Medals, over two hundred President resources and the transports routes lhvkjih,iQ pyh tkrh gS A ^lhvkjih,iQ] Police Medals for Gallantry with both rail and road and protection lhvkjihlh dks vius ikao ij [kM+k djkds fiQj Kirti Chakras etc is a symbol of the of the Airports in the North-East, okil viuh cSjsDl esa pyh tkrh gS* performance of this great force. I am thus ensured national integration, not indulging in self congratulatory physically and conceptually. The performance audit of the mode if I were to repeat that the CRPF on a daily basis is enough of Indian Parliament and the sanctity of Maintaining such tough tasks on an indicator of an all India nature the Indian prestige as a Nation was a 24X7 basis ensuring full efficiency of its skill, knowledge, expertise, protected by the supreme sacrifice and no let off of their attention is experience and efficiency. One of the CRPF when the Parliamentary not a job that can be performed need not go to the annals of history, attack took place in the year 2001.

Central Reserve Police Force 84 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation The then Prime Minister and Union the eyes of people because of their Police reserves. The expectations Home Minister aptly paid tributes to abdication of power and betrayal of the people of the country the martyred CRPF personnel. of their responsibility. While no become phenomenal and they purpose is being solved if I were to are also supported by the public Expertise mention the name of particular State servants of the State Governments as it is in the knowledge of every during the seasons of elections, CRPF is deployed in the aid of either general elections or State local police to face the emerging crisis citizen of the country, the same police Legislature elections. It will not be in terms of any counter insurgency man from the same state, when he out of place to mention here of the or threat to internal security in any wears the CRPF uniform, his entire part of the country on the requisition attitude towards the people changes fact that overwhelming deployment of Chief Minister of the State to the and the attitude of the people of the CRPF which was done and Union Home Minister. While this is towards him also gets changed as supervised by myself during my a mere legal provision in practice, on a mutually reinforcing positively stint as IG (Ops) Kashmir, when we a daily basis when once deployed, changed virtuous cycle. Thus, it is a conducted first ever peaceful, hugely the CRPF is used on many occasions transformation from the vicious circle successful, Panchayat Elections in in those areas, even for those tasks to virtuous cycle, from a relationship J&K in the year 2011. The very fact which cannot be interpreted as severe of mutual distress and acrimony to that even the places like Kashmir, the challenge to the Internal Security. a respectable environment of mutual local SsP, the local district collectors, This is because of the comfort trust and confidence and from a war not only prefer but also ensure the that people of the country feel, in torn situation of strife to a peace CRPF units be there in their personal presence of the ever alert CRPF maintenance situation of valour and security rather than their local police Jawans. Be it the Convoy protection validity. units is enough of symbol of trust from Srinagar to Jammu, or be it the and the competency that the CRPF Convoy protection for Amarnath There is not a single citizen of carries on its sleeves and in the looks Yatra every year in the months of the country, who doesn’t genuinely of its men, majestically standing like June-Aug in J&K or even entire feel that the CRPF deployment in the a London Bobby with their Insas protection of more than ten million crisis ridden situation is much more Rifle, always alert and ever ready to people, while they visit the Holly beneficial and utilitarian than the make supreme sacrifice or gallantry Amarnath Shrine. Many State Police deployment of their so called State performance for Bharat and it’s great Organizations lost their respect in Armed Police or District Armed people.

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 85 Culture vehicle and the people are not only an inborn tool in shaping the action tasked but are also taken to task, of CRPF. The potentiality, if these The culture of the CRPF can that too in the environment of total provisions are followed in letter thus be declared as a Force which is transparency. and spirit, has only the sky as its believed for its efficiency, which is limit. The potentiality of CRPF was Right from the morning marker trusted for its performance, which is witnessed by me as a child of 8 years to evening debriefing, every rank demanded for its neutrality, which old in the year 1971, when the force and file of the CRPF are expected to is deployed for its speed and which was deployed in my hometown to be totally glued to the job and the is withdrawn for its performance. quell the separate Andhra agitation systemacy of the forms is ensured This culture is not a product of a and later when I was Sub-Division through its various reports that few years of tough discharge of Police Officer in Bengal, using this the Force needs to file every day duties. It is a culture that is groomed Force for conducting the Parliament generating the vital information right from the day the notification elections and also during the visit for its operational commanders in for the recruitment is announced of late Rajiv Gandhi just five days empowering them to be extremely and ensured by the process of before his assassination and also rational in their decision making. recruitment, rigorous training and as DIG operations in Hyderabad , Thus culture has been a great pre-induction briefing and critical IG Operations in Chhattisgarh and contributor in the quality of supervision of the immediate also IG Operations of Kashmir. My operational performance of this seniors when the new entrant is still experiences inform me that because great Force. a green horn. Culture of excellence of its all India nature and because in operational performance and Potentiality of its culture and grooming of its competition to sacrifice their lives officers and men this force has got in the cause of nation is reflected The potentiality of the CRPF is the maximum potentiality to really through S3 namely the Speed, Skill best put in one of the speeches made become the best police Force in the and Sacrifice. Another important earlier during which I said that the world, because of following reasons:- feature of the culture of the CRPF is CRPF cannot loose its efficiency by 1. Efficiency its maximum emphasis on discipline more than 5% even the most idiotic and code of conduct. The CRPF person, becoming the decision 2. Its all India nature doesn’t spare any person if there maker in its affairs. In other words, is a break of a mirror of a small the tough fabric of the CRPF Act is 3. Its knowledge about India

Central Reserve Police Force 86 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 4. Its culture for their non congeniality in LWE Welfare areas and insistence on patrolling 5. Its discipline by foot, all indicate the willingness I always believed that without of the members of the Force for their good Police-Police relations, there 6. Its adjustment capability voluntary capacity building to meet cannot be better Police-Public relations. Welfare starts with the 7. Its patience the emerging challenges. Safaikarmachari/ Constable and 8. The fear psychosis it enjoys For any success in counter General duty Constable and welfare among the anti national forces insurgency operations by any Force in CRPF is genuine and not a façade. in the world the combination of The holding of Sanik Sammelans 9. Its historical operational Efficien- three following wares is extremely and and redressal of the grievances cy important firstly the Software, immediately through electronic secondly the Hardware, and thirdly mode and the encouragement I always believed that if the the Peoples ware. CRPF has been of the Jawans to articulate their Law and Order is really given to grievances through proper channel the CRPF for a period of two years the leader in this combination and change in orientation in that its no and immediate response, is all in the Country, there will be no indicative of the best bench marked Law and Order problems for the longer a fearful Force. When it takes up the duties, it protects the law practices of good governance. The coming 20 years in the Country. truly effective attitude of welfare embedding citizens and controls law “CRPF has been rediscovering and the ever vigilant measures of avoiding citizens and exterminates itself in capacity building through good governance are thus the main the law destroying non-citizens. appropriate capacity building by contributory factors of the existence This orientation of the CRPF can be planed infrastructure development, of faith and comraderie among all better put to articulation when one Schools, Specialized Training ranks of the CRPF. Institutions and the concept of in witnesses the various courses that are service training. Induction of the undertaken in training institutions New Definition force multipliers including the latest like CRPF Academy, where in the Belgian Shepherd dogs and the new Assistant Commandants are I have every reason thus, to non doctrinal approach through trained in all these three arenas with rechristen the CRPF as ‘Constitutional which the so called Mine Protecting the precession of knife of an eminent Rights Protection Force’, since it is Vehicles (MPVs) were removed surgeon. not only a great force in terms of

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 87 maintenance of Internal Security Training Collages, Academies, but while maintaining so, it also Special Training Institutions, maintains the Constitutional Rights Battalions HQrs, Composite of the people of India. Hospitals, Communication Centres, the Schools run by The CRPF for Coordination, Synergy, Force public, all are situated in different Multiplier parts of countries and every major State has its share. It’s a fact that There is a tremendous while some states have more coordination and synergy among presence than others and thus there the CRPF and its sister Police is a need to set right this anomaly, as organisations be it the State Police or otherwise it becomes irreconcilable others CAPFs which are deployed in its nature and may no longer be an in trouble prone areas like Abujmad all India Force. States like Rajasthan area of Dandakaranya, Chhattisgarh has two Group Centres, more than of the training that is imparted when or the Downtown of Srinagar or two training Institute and Battalion he joins the force. This is true for the Sopore area of Kashmir. CRPF HQrs etc so is the case of the newly jawan also. While I do not claim because of its wide and varied skills carved State of Telangana which has to have the first hand information becomes a force multiplier in a two Group Centres in and around regarding the constable training since situation of synergy among different Hyderabad and so is the case of I have already passed out more than forces. Haryana. States like Chhattisgarh, 335 Directly Appointed Gazetted Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Officers (DAGOs) and another 230 All India Nature Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat too need are in pipeline and which are the more permanent CRPF installations. biggest batches ever in the history of CRPF is not only recruited from the CRPF, I am reasonably confident all the states but its deployment is Training & Grooming that the personality of the training also throughout the Country. There institutes are reflected in the official is hardly any State in which CRPF In my opinion training is that behaviour of the officers throughout doesn’t have either its unit or its activity that connects the quality with their career. Training thus is deployment. CRPF Group Centres, quantity. The character of the officer extremely important in any officers/ Recruit Training Centres, Central is directly proportional the quality Jawans career especially in the police

Central Reserve Police Force 88 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation force. I would like to quote the and character builders. finding of the modern psychology which I recently completed as a CRPF has been fortunate to Master of Arts Course in that for have clear cut training policy/ an individual, inputs in age from syllabus, target based approach and six months to one and half years is monitoring mechanism because extremely important and it carried of which the some of the training throughout his life. I for one feel institutes in CRPF including the CRPF the same is important for an officer Academy, Gurgaon are really world because an officer is like a child when class and this has been brought into he enters the Academy or a training picture by global agencies especially institute and it is the training that in the case of CRPF Academy. The is important in the first half year to operational performance of the one and half years. Training leaves CRPF can be reflected at the Web an indelible impact on his entire sites of the Ministry of Home Affairs personality and psychological make and the CRPF Directorate. The up till his death and thus training sacrifice of its youngest 2-I/C, Mr Jha institutes are basically skill upgrader as late as on 4th July 2014 is enough ugha rks Hkfo"; esa oks cusxk fpUrk dh of an example of the ukjk A readiness of its officers to sacrifice their life The CRPF has emerged from for the cause of the monitoring its operations as well nation. The reduction as learning from its experience in of the losses of the the operations as a truly learning CRPF over the past organizations and doesn’t repeat its 2-3 years justifies the mistakes, learns from the mistakes of following quotation of the others and converts its learning the author:- into wisdom to be handed over to the next generation. ;kn j[kks dgkuh fpUryukj dh lkjk] CRPF cares for law and

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 89 implements the law in its true spirit and letter. It is double HR in the sense, it cares for Human Rights in children in major metropolitan cities villages around, for starting the the world and it promotes Human so that these street children will be Chandra Shekhar Azad Cricket Relations at work. There are very saved from the possibilities of being Tournament, for training hundreds few genuine accusations of violation cheap recruits by the fundamentalist of youth every day free of cost, of Human Rights on the part of the organizations or the anti-national building bridges among the villages CRPF by any so called Human Right force. watch groups. The CRPF Academy is CRPF Wives Welfare Association undertaking such activities with full (CWWA) as well as schools and gusto. CRPF Academy salutes, the various Groups Centres undertake DG CRPF, Shri Dilip Trivedi Sir for the activities for helping the public. sparing his valuable time and the During its 75th year, the CRFPF is President of CWWA, Smt Sunita undertaking massive work for the Trivedi Madam for constantly promotion of goodwill, national being the eminent personalities of integration and regeneration among inspiration for the Director, staff the youth and also taking care of and the trainees in undertaking the girl child, promotion of blood extraordinary initiatives for depositions and ultimately there is ecological protection, starting of an initiative for adopting the street Cycle Club, for adopting the 19

Central Reserve Police Force 90 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation and for also undertaking removal Special Protection Group, Special Internationally, CRPF of pollutants and also for starting Defence Group and now the National contingents have been sent for organic farming, tree plantation, Investigation Agency. I am extremely major trouble affected areas namely beautification on self help basis happy to recollect that recently the Liberia and Sierra Leone. CRPF without any cost to the exchequer. because of its extreme degree of women and RAF contingents are the ever visible contingents and CRPF also emerged as a feeder professional competence. CRPF was are praised internationally by the to the prestigious institutions given the additional responsibility UN Organization and specialized like National Security Guard, of VIP Security and three Battalions agencies. CRPF Academy also Parliamentary Defence Group, have been earmarked for this. has been giving training to foreign delegates under training programmes sponsored by the US etc. Recently, Libyan Police delegation and Bangla Deshi Civil Servants visited the CRPF Academy and expressed keen desire to be trained by the CRPF. Even specialized agencies in India like Parliament Protection Group also have keen interest to be trained by the CRPF. CBI also sent its trainees for training to the CRPF Academy, Gurgaon. Thus, internationally and nationally, the training institutions of the CRPF too apart from its operation units are attracting attention for their greatest performance standards.

To conclude, people are the ultimate in any democracy and

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 91 peoples will is reflected through Force’ that the CRPF truly is. I feel the graduation of the Central Reserve elections. CRPF is the one that CRPF is India both structurally and Police Force into ‘Central Reserve ensures the free and fair elections functionally and I salute all those Police Service’ as we are no longer not only in the opinion of People martyrs who sacrificed their life for a force and we are a service which of India but also in the opinion of making this Force not only biggest the entire nation and its citizens are bureaucracy in India. It is a very numerically but the best in the proud of. Hence, I appeal to the rare occasion where in People and world. competent authority that the name bureaucrats agree and express of the Force may be changed from the same opinion on a particular All the above rays of the facts ‘CRPF’ to ‘CRPS’. security force. This speaks volumes are germinated from the SUN OF of the ‘Credibility Reinforcing Police TRUTH which is the testimony of Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dh 'kku gSa ge A Hkkjrh;rk dk fu'kku gSa ge A CRPF gSa ge A dsUnzh;] jkT; Lrj ij iztk lsok djrs gSa ge A CRPF gSa ge A

Central Reserve Police Force 92 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation CRPF Sanchaar - Shailendra Kumar IG (Communication & Works), CRPF “A piece of paper makes you an officer, a radio makes you a commander” –General Omer Bradley

ommunication which is said to be The wireless trained recruits were felt for re-organization. As a first step Creal work of leadership plays an recalled in November 1954 and towards the reorganization plan, 1 important and decisive role in over- put through a refresher course for Signal Bn. was raised at Neemuch all performance of any organization. three months and a standard ROG- on 1/12/1965 with Shri A P Saxena as Communication set-up of CRPF is III test was conducted in February its first Commandant. It streamlined all most as old as the force itself and 1955 with a representative from the signal set-up and improved commonly known as CRPF Signals. DCPW. Probably this step laid the the level of communication and The first signal contingent was foundation of Signal operators cadre its supervision. 1st signal Bn was added to de-attachments deployed in CRPF. During this period old also conducting all basic and up- in various states of central India in generation HF sets such as RX RG grading courses till 1970 when 2003, TX BC 375E, TX BC 610 etc adhoc wireless training centre was 1942 to provide communication were used. For VHF communication established at Neemuch which was with CRPF HQ. It consisted of ex- TX/RX MF 753A was used. later regularised as SGC/CTC (T) servicemen of British army who when the force adopted GC pattern. were given re-orientation training Till 1965, the Signal Platoons on CRPF wireless. In 1952, when were part of the executive Bns. The Most of the CRPF units were two additional Coys were raised, executive Bns and their detachments deployed in North East and J & 112 matriculated recruits from these used to communicate directly K, and 1 Signal Bn continued to Coys were selected and put through with their DIGP HQrs and Bn provide communication for the wireless training at “Adhoc Wireless HQrs respectively. With a view to entire Force. In order to ensure that Training Centre” at Neemuch under improve technical, operational and signal traffic of Units deployed in direct supervision of the Police administrative functioning of the whole of North-east a signal centre Radio Officer Shri Karan Singh. Signal set up of the Force, a need was named Eastern Signal centre was

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 93 established at Mokamahghat. In this it was shifted to Banjara Hills, radio sets while deployed with 32 & continuing process of integrating and Hyderabad (AP) in 1971 and further 38 BNs. With change of deployment streamlining the communication net to Chandrayan gutta, Hyderabad in pattern, Coys of 3 Signal Bn were work, 1 Signal battalion established 1976. Coys of 2 Signal Bn are located relocated and on date are located at a large Signal Centre at the Force at Hyderabad, Imphal, Bangalore, Kolkata, Ranchi, Patna, Agartala & HQrs Delhi, linking IGP, DIGP Avadi & Mumbai. Bubhaneswar. and selected Group Centers with the Force Hqrs. Coys of 1 Signal 3 Signal Bn was also raised at During late 60s and early 70s few Bn are located at Noida, Shillong, Rampur on 1/6/1969 again under new HF sets such as TX HM 30, TX/ Guwahati, Lucknow & Jharoda command of Shri A P Saxena. Its coys RX G524 and TX/RX RFT 15 were Kalan. To defuse disturbances were located at Kolkata, Rampur, introduced. VHF communication caused by Naxals in the state of West Durgapur and Delhi. The signal depended on GV 650, LVP 313, GH Bengal, many units were deployed detachment of 3 Signal Bn actively 301 and PRC 25C. These sets along and a Sector HQr known as Sector- participated in Indo-pak war during with dedicated man power ensured II was established at Kolkata in the 1971 with additional man power and smooth communication and CRPF year 1968. Accordingly Eastern Signals earned Signal Centre was shifted from good name among Mokamaghat to Kolkata to provide all CPMFs. In better communication coverage. the year 1970 the communication Force kept on expanding as its responsibilities services were more required in view of the force were of various types of internal security distributed evenly challenges the country was facing. amongst the signal The large expansion of CRPF units Bns. 1 Signal Bn resulted in increased work load was moved from on signals and more signal units Neemuch to Delhi were required to share the work in 1973 and started load. Thus, 2 Signal Bn was raised functioning at on 1/9/1968 in Rampur (UP) under present location command of Shri A P Saxena. Later TX/RX- HM30

Central Reserve Police Force 94 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Bn were located at Jagdalpur. Neemuch, Ajmer, Mount Abu and 5 Signal Bn was raised on Gandhi Nagar. On date 12/1/1989 at Mohali in Punjab unit is successfully during the peak of militancy to discharging its provide the communication cover communication to the executive battalions in the duties in extreme state. Shri P G Harlankar, DG naxal infested area CRPF inaugurated the raising of of Chhattisgarh. Coy 5 Signal Bn. Later on in 2005 unit located at Ajmer and moved from Mohali (Punjab) to Mount Abu have been Hallomajra, Chandigarh. This unit shifted to Raipur and has participated in various major

TX/RX- LVP 313 at Jharoda Kalan. A new era of communication begin with introduction of mechanical Teleprinters in 1977 which were used till 2000. Electronic Teleprinters started replacing them in 1990 and were used in 2006.

In the mean time 4 Signal Bn was raised at Neemuch on 1/9/1985 Shri R N Rao was the first Commandant. The unit was raised by pooling strength and resources from SGC (since abolished) and remaining three signal units. Coys of 4 Signal

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 95 Coys are located at Jammu and supervision of Signal Range which Chandigarh. One of its brave was established in 2008 and over-all operator HC/RO A. Sakhtivel command of IGP (Comn). Signals has been awarded President have been updating its equipments Police Medal for gallantry with introduction of state of posthumously for displaying art Radio and line equipments. courage and devotion to Automax, which was introduced duty of high order during an in 1988 and remained in service till encounter on 28th June 2005 at 2005 started giving way to intranet Bhadrarwah, Distt Doda (J&K). network called SELO. CRPF was One of the main challenging first CPMF and among few Govt. AUTOMAX task of this unit is to provide Departments who were having their operations during 1989 to 1991 in efficient communication during own network. First it was introduced terrorist infested areas of Punjab and annual Amarnath Yatra. Two major for static locations but now has been on date is particularly responsible for signal centres are established on extended to executive BNs through communication in volatile Kashmir both base camps at Nunwan and VPN in 2010. Communication is one valley. Due to vast deployment of Baltal and both routes are covered field which keeps on introducing CRPF IN Kashmir valley 3 Coys till the holy shrine. This unit also new technologies and equipments of 5 Signal Bn are there. Other two involved in various innovative frequently and communication activities such as UAV development sector of CRPF has been augmenting and implementation programme itself accordingly. Highly skilled through its R&D Cell. signal cadre has always met the requirement of the force excellently. During last two decades, CRPF It may be Punjab terrorism, North- has expanded hugely with a multiple East insurgency or Left Wing role resulted a huge work load Extremism. Brave soldiers had which requires more dedication and visualised the need of hours and hard work of Signal personnel. On excellently supported the troops in date, Fourteen thousand personnel the field to maintain the peace and SELO in five Bns are working under integrity of the nation.

Central Reserve Police Force 96 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Rapid Action Force-In the Global Scenario – Marianus Minj, DIG RAF

“The Blue Troopers are committed for ensuring peace and fraternity all around”

he Concept of Global Force is one family. And everything is to separate internal and external Tis based on the concept of interconnected. It is a philosophy threats to security. Both of these are Vasudeva Kutumbakam. Vasudeva that tries to foster an understanding posing challenges before India to Kutumbakam is the gist of that the whole of humanity is one maintain the stability and security Upanishads indicating Universal family. conditions in the country. However, brotherhood and goodwill. It is it should be maintained that internal a philosophy that inculcates an In the changing security scenario, cohesion and strength bolsters a understanding that the whole world it is becoming increasingly difficult nations’ overall strength, deters its

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 97 adversaries, enhances the morale and exogenous sources. Internal The British exploited the of its citizens and safeguards its security situation in India should be diversity in the Indian society to national security. No nation can be examined with this background. divide it on communal and religious secured unless its internal security lines. On independence, based on The India’s internal security is also ensured. A nation in chaos the colonial experience, our political are reflected in its socio-political cannot be secured from external leadership decided on integration as milieu, the main feature of which threats. Internal strife and disorder a cornerstone of its policy. This was is its diversity. It is reflected in can damage national interests, to be achieved through economic the variety of its communities and endanger the lives of citizens, lead to development along with nation castes, races and ethnic groups, breakdown of law and order, make building through cultural and social languages and dialects, religious enforcement of laws difficult & the interaction, as these linkages were beliefs and customs and traditions, country more vulnerable to external considered durable and stronger with different manifestations of threats. In such a state, society cannot rather than political assimilation. culture, all operating in a dynamic progress smoothly nor can citizens environment. Therefore our internal feel secured. CRPF, Since its inception, security scenario will continue to played a key role in maintaining Also, in the Arthashastra, be complex and varied. While the sovereignty and integrity of Kautilya wrote that a state could be problems will intrinsically rest on the nation. The ethos of the force is at risk from four types of threats- domestic roots but external factors Unique. Due to its unique capability internal, external, externally-aided will play a major role in aggravating to quickly adapt to various situation internal and internally-aided these. The external forces in requirements, and also, to work in external. He advised that of these conjunction with internal forces of perfect harmony with the state police, four types, internal threats should dissent will endeavour to exacerbate CRPF has, over the years, acquired be taken care of immediately, which our security problems. Threats due the distinction of being perhaps the are far more serious than external to terrorism, narcotics and drugs, most acceptable force, by the people threats. The most dangerous enemy small arms proliferation, voids in and the state administrations. is the enemy within. energy requirement and information warfare loon large on the horizon. The increasing communal Our security is vulnerable Maintenance of internal security will tensions and riots during the early to threats, tensions and conflicts thus be one of the biggest challenges nineties had been putting a serious originating both from indigenous facing the country. strain on the secular structure of

Central Reserve Police Force 98 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Indian Society. Need was felt to set sensitive areas . role in a combat force. It is designed up a special anti-riot force which after identifying the present and could reach the place of occurrence The RAF is a force which future roles of the personnel to equip with the quickest possible speed has to control excited whimsical them with the knowledge, skill and and deal with communal riot or unruly crowds which can get out inattitudes required for effective and riot-like situation in an absolutely of control and turn destructive efficient performance of their duties. from minor provocations. The men objective and non-partisan manner of the force have to be prepared RAF has a dedicated Academy, and the decision led to the formation for the worst possible scenario of RAPO (RAF Academy of Public of Rapid Action Force in 1992. RAF death and destruction. They are, Order) being run at Meerut where is deployed to cover most of the therefore armed with such non lethal national and international level politically volatile parts of the India. sophisticated weapons. training are being conducted for It is a matter of great honor its personnel, police personnel and The RAF is specifically meant to that on completion of 11 years of administrative officers of various provide speedy aid to normalize a states. The specialized training is dedicated and purposeful service disturbed law and order situation. to the nation , is the proud recipient imparted in Disaster Management, Rigorous training, absolute Fire Fighting / Rescue and Relief, of President’s Color on 7 October preparedness and quick reaction are Anti Riot, Tear Smoke, Media 2003. “The color is the Symbol of the hallmark of the RAF. Training Management, about special vehicles the country’s confidence in our in RAF is aimed at building the i.e, Vajra and Varun and special abilities”. Now in the 21st century foundation for the performance of the weapons available with the Force. RAF has left a permanent mark as a controller of strike. It has earned the unreserved confidence of all communities in our country. It has established firm tradition of past, fair and friendly response to trouble spots, it has set high targets for more people friendly performance in the coming decades. The RAF Bn head Quartered tactically at communally

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 99 The RAF has also earned glory during various international assignments starting at Haiti in 1994, Kosovo in 1999 and now in Libaria under the aegis of UN, The RAF had its first international exposure in Haiti when it was deployed under UNMIH. In recognition of the excellent performance in Haiti, the RAF Contingent was awarded US Army Commendation Medal and many others Medals.

In the present scenario we have methods as a weapon against Govt. seen the anti social elements are using riots and riots like situation, the anti They misuse the technologies and social media, mobile technology and social elements aim behind riots is to always tries to convert the mindset of cyber media alongwith traditional destruct the structure of Govt and to law abiding citizens and forced them rule over the nation. not to follow law. They wants Now, the time has come to to create such think about the latest technologies/ an environment equipments for riot control, modern in which people training methodologies how to are forced to tackle with social media, cyber crime think that the and information technology. Each Govt is against nation has to help other nation and the citizens. to provide them full support to fight Almost all the against internal as well as external countries in the disturbance because it affects the world are facing world as a whole. the problem of

Central Reserve Police Force 100 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation "Desh ke Rakshak" - Women warriors of CRPF displayed their skills at India Gate on 2nd November, 2014 Glimpses of 'CRPF Half-Marathon, 2014' organized at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, New Delhi on 12th October, 2014

Central Reserve Police Force 102 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation Glimpses of 'CRPF Half-Marathon, 2014' organized at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, New Delhi on 12th October, 2014

Central Reserve Police Force 75 Years Of Selfless Service To The Nation 103

CENTRAL RESERVE POLICE FORCE