P20_copertina_R_OK C August 20-28,2004 Florence - Field Trip Guide Book - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone THE SEISMICLINECROP04 APENNINES ALONG ACROSS THESOUTHERN A GEOLOGICALTRANSECT 32 Volume n°4-fromP14toP36 GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS Post-Congress nd INTERNATIONAL P20 25-05-2004, 15:01:23 The scientific content of this guide is under the total responsibility of the Authors

Published by: APAT – Italian Agency for the Environmental Protection and Technical Services - Via Vitaliano Brancati, 48 - 00144 Roma - Italy

Series Editors: Luca Guerrieri, Irene Rischia and Leonello Serva (APAT, Roma)

English Desk-copy Editors: Paul Mazza (Università di Firenze), Jessica Ann Thonn (Università di Firenze), Nathalie Marléne Adams (Università di Firenze), Miriam Friedman (Università di Firenze), Kate Eadie (Freelance indipendent professional)

Field Trip Committee: Leonello Serva (APAT, Roma), Alessandro Michetti (Università dell’Insubria, Como), Giulio Pavia (Università di Torino), Raffaele Pignone (Servizio Geologico Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna) and Riccardo Polino (CNR, Torino)

Acknowledgments: The 32nd IGC Organizing Committee is grateful to Roberto Pompili and Elisa Brustia (APAT, Roma) for their collaboration in editing.

Graphic project: Full snc - Firenze

Layout and press: Lito Terrazzi srl - Firenze

P20_copertina_R_OK D 25-05-2004, 14:46:52 Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36

32nd INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGICAL CONGRESS

A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04

AUTHORS: E. Patacca, P. Scandone (Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra - Italy)

Florence - Italy August 20-28, 2004

Post-Congress P20

P20_R_OK A 25-05-2004, 15:21:31 Front Cover: Geologic Scheme of Italy 1:10.000.000. A historic document edited in 1950 by the Italian Geological Survey. In the small pictures, historical monuments visited in the fi eld trip.

P20_R_OK B 25-05-2004, 15:21:33 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

Leaders: E. Patacca, P. Scandone

Introduction section across the Southern Apennines that roughly This fi eld trip is aimed at illustrating the major follows the line CROP 04. Figure 4, fi nally, is an geological features of the Apennine thrust belt- interpreted line drawing of the entire profi le from foredeep-foreland system in Southern Italy from (Tyrrhenian coast) to Barletta (Adriatic the Tyrrhenian margin of the mountain chain to the coast of the Italian Peninsula). Several boreholes Murge hills in the foreland region. The trip route along the profi le, together with commercial lines partly follows the trace of the line CROP-04, a non- parallel to or cutting across the line CROP 04 have commercial seismic profi le that cuts across the entire provided important constraints for the identifi cation thrust belt-foredeep-foreland system from Agropoli to and characterization of the major tectonic features Barletta showing well organised seismic signals down in the buried Apulia carbonates and in the Apenninic to 8-10 sec TWT corresponding to depths of 20-25 nappes. kilometres in the thrust belt and 25-30 kilometres in The buried duplex system, basically made up of the foreland region (Mazzotti et al. 2000). imbricates of Mesozoic-Tertiary shallow-water The fi eld trip runs entirely on roads easily practicable carbonates detached from the Apulia Platform, forms by minibus or small coach. The only uncomfortable the backbone of the mountain chain in the whole tract is represented by a narrow unpaved road of 15- Southern Apennines. Along the axis of the chain, the 20 kilometres between La Cerchiara and La Sellata top of the Apulia carbonates lies at depths ranging during Day 3. from 1500 to more than 6000 metres below sea Accommodations during the fi eld trip have been level. Only in the Monte Alpi tectonic window east arranged in comfortable, though not luxurious hotels, of Lagonegro, Mesozoic-Tertiary carbonates surely with good local food. belonging to the Apulia-carbonate duplex system At noon, a simple packet lunch will be distributed to have been uplifted to about 2000 metres above sea the participants. level. Topographic map: Touring Club Italiano, Atlante The autochthonous portion of the Apulia Platform stradale d’Italia 1: 200.000, Foglio Sud. crops out in the Gargano, Murge and Salento regions. Offi cial geological maps: Servizio Geologico In the Murge region, the carbonate platform was d’Italia, Carta Geologica d’Italia 1:100.000, Fogli entirely crossed by the Puglia 1 well (total depth: 7070 176 Barletta, 177 Bari, 185 , 186 Sant’Angelo m). The borehole penetrated from 6112 m to the fi nal dei Lombardi, 188 Gravina di Puglia, 198 , 199 depth middle Triassic to Permian terrigenous deposits and 200 Tricarico. stratigraphically underlying upper Triassic dolomites Synthetic structural map: CNR – Progetto and evaporites. The contact between the shallow- Finalizzato Geodinamica, Structural Model of Italy water carbonates (plus anhydrites) and the underlying 1:500.000, Sheet n. 4. S.E.L.C.A (Florence, Italy) terrigenous deposits corresponds to a sudden decrease 1992. in the P-wave velocity. As a consequence of this velocity change, the contact is easily recognizable Regional geological setting on several commercial lines, being everywhere The overall structural architecture of the Apennine evidenced both in the foreland region and in the thrust chain is described by a carbonate duplex system belt by a package of well-organized high amplitude/ overlain by a thick pile of platform-and-basin-derived high frequency refl ectors that strongly contrasts with rootless nappes (Casero et al. 1988, 1991; Cello and the overlying refl ection-free interval corresponding to the platform carbonates. In the visited region, the

Mazzoli 1999: Cello et al. 1987; Lentini et al. 1996, P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume 2002; Monaco et al. 1998; Mattavelli et al. 1993; thickness of the refl ection-free interval ranges from Menardi Noguera and Rea 2000; Mostardini and 2.0 to 2.4 seconds TWT. We do not know whether Merlini 1986; Patacca and Scandone 1989, 2001; the Apulia-Platform carbonates and the underlying 2004 a and b, Patacca et al. 1992; Roure and Sassi terrigenous deposits represent the sedimentary 1995; Roure at al. 1991). Figure 1 is a geological map cover of a Hercynian crystalline basement or if of the region visited on the fi eld trip. they represent the upper portion of the sedimentary Figure 2 is a rough scheme of the internal geometry cover of an older, perhaps Caledonian, crystalline of the Southern Apennines in the segment crossed by basement. the line CROP 04. Figure 3 is a simplifi ed geological Between the Gargano-Murge region and the leading

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at thefrontofthrustbeltcausedbyfl towards thethrustbelt. The structuraldepression deposits formasortofhomoclinegentlydipping Apulia carbonatesandtheunderlyingterrigenous edge oftheburied duplex system, theautochthonous rim (VultureVolcano). including normalfaultsandstrike-slip faults.5Thrustflat..4ramp. 3 Anticline axis.2Syncline1Caldera deposits (emergenceofthe Apulia-carbonate duplexsystem).7CretaceouscarbonatesoftheMurgeforeland. 6Faults, Miocene-Paleogene). 8Monte Alpi Unit(upperMiocene-Jurassic), includingtheoverlying lower Pliocenethrust-top (upper Miocene-upperTriassic). 10Tufillo-Serra Palazzo Unit(upperMiocene-Paleogene). 9DauniaUnit(upper Unit (middleMiocene-lower Cretaceous.12LagonegroUnits(lower Cretaceous-middleTriassic). 11MateseUnit and minorunitsderived fromtheCampania-Lucaniacarbonateplatform (lower Miocene-upperTriassic). 13Sannio (Paleogene-Cretaceous). 15SicilideUnit(lower Miocene-Cretaceous).14 Alburno-Cervati, MontidellaMaddalena thrust-top depositsunconformably overlying theNorth-CalabrianUnit(AlbidonaFormation). 16North-CalabrianUnit Miocene thrust-.topdepositsunconformably overlying theSicilideUnit(GorgoglioneFormation). 17Lower Miocene unconformably overlying the Alburno-Cervati andMontidellaMaddalenaunits(Castelvetere Formation). 18Middle unconformably overlying theMateseUnit(SanMassimoSandstone).19MiddleMiocenethrust-topdeposits overlying theSannioUnit(SanBartolomeoFormation). 20Lower Messinian-upperTortonian thrust-topdeposits Braneta andGessoso-Solfifera formations. 21Lower Messinian-upperTortonian thrust-topdepositsunconformably Complex (uppermostMessinian-lower Pliocene).22Messinian-upperTortonian thrust-topdeposits,includingthe the Apennine units(middlePleistocenep.p.-lower Pleistocene)24Pliocenethrust-topdeposits.23CalaggioChaotic Pleistocene p.p).25Terrigenous marineandparalicdepositsfillingtheBradanoTrough andunconformable overlying 26 Continentalandsubordinatecoastaldeposits;volcanic rocks andvolcaniclastic deposits(Holocene-middle CROP 04. After Patacca etal.(2000)withslightmodifications. Figure 1-Simplifiedgeologicalmapoftheareavisitedonfieldtrip.Thesolidlineshows thetraceofline Bradano Trough representstheyoungestforedeep the geologicalliteratureBradano Trough. The defl ection oftheforelandplatehasbeencalledin exural principal characteristicsofthestratigraphicsequences basin paleogeographicdomains. Table 1provides the sedimentary sequencesderived fromplatform-and- the fi carbonate duplex system intheregion crossedby The allochthonoussheetslyingontopofthe Apulia- Pliocene andPleistocenetimes. basin oftheSouthern Apennines, active inlate eld tripareconstitutedofMesozoic-Tertiary 25-05-2004, 15:23:28 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

representative of the tectonic units encountered in the fi eld trip. The age of the unconformity at the base of the thrust-top deposits, becoming younger from the Tyrrhenian margin towards the Adriatic margin of the mountain chain, refl ects the time-space migration of the compressional deformation in the Apennines from the internal (south-western) to the external (north-eastern) paleogeographic domains. Figure 5 is a palinspastic sketch of the Southern Apennine depositional realms in late Jurassic-Cretaceous times. In the picture, the trace of the line CROP 04 plotted on a restored section is also indicated. Tectonic shortening and nappe stacking in the Southern Apennines took place principally in Miocene times. In the early Pliocene, the entire pile of nappes overthrust the Apulia-Platform carbonates before the latter began to be involved in the compressional deformation. In late Pliocene and early Pleistocene times, fi nally, the Apulia carbonates too were affected by compressional deformation. Tectonic shortening produced duplex structures in the Apulia carbonates and a forward (north-eastward) displacement of the allochthonous sheets by about 30 kilometres. In addition, duplex-breaching processes irregularly alternating with the forward nappes transport caused important re-imbrications of the allochthonous sheets and generation of huge antiformal stacks in the roof units of the Apennine system (Patacca and Scandone 2001). In the Apennine mountain chain, the Mesozoic-Tertiary carbonates of the buried duplex system represent the main target of petroleum research. Due to extensive exploration in the region, considerable information on the thrust-belt subsurface structure is available. At the time in which line CROP 04 was planned, knowledge of the subsurface features, together with the stratigraphic and structural information derived from the surface regional geology, made the construction of realistic geological profi les across the thrust belt- foredeep-foreland system down to a depth of 8-10 kilometres possible. At greater depths, the interpretation of the tectonic structures was mostly based on the analysis of gravimetric and magnetic anomalies, as well as on a few constraints derived P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume from scattered experiments of deep seismic soundings (see, among many others, Arisi Rosa and Fichera 1987; Cassano et al. 2001; Scarascia et al. 1994). Presently, line CROP 04 allows the interpretation

Figure 2 - Scheme of the internal geometry of the mountain chain in the visited segment. Colours as in Figure 1. After Patacca and Scandone (2004 a).

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25-05-2004, 15:23:34 Figure 3 - Simplified geological section across the Southern Apennines along the line CROP 04. After Patacca et al. (2000) with some modifications. A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

of the subsurface structural towards the SW beneath the Apenninic nappes. The features down to 8-10 seconds front of the mountain chain is represented by a steep TWT, which correspond in frontal ramp with a vertical displacement exceeding the thrust belt to a depth of 1000 metres. The Plio-Pleistocene sediments fi lling 20-25 kilometres the foredeep basin have been divided into pre-ramp, Following the planned syn-ramp and post-ramp deposits on the base of their itinerary, the fi eld trip moves relations with the front of the Apenninic nappes. from the Tyrrhenian coast, that Well-exposed sections of Pleistocene clays, sands is from quite internal regions and conglomerates representing the prograding, of the Apennine thrust belt, uppermost portion of the post-ramp deposits will be towards the Adriatic coast, visited in Day 5. that is towards the stable Between the Apennine front and the Ofanto Valley, Apulia foreland. However, a the line CROP 04 cuts across a number of tight description of the principal imbricates basically made up of Miocene basinal features represented in fi gures deposits referable to the Daunia and Tufi llo-Serra 3 and 4 moving from the Palazzo units. The Tufi llo-Serra Palazzo Unit, in autochthonous carbonates of addition, is tectonically overlain by the Sannio Nappe. the foreland region towards The tectonic superposition of the Sannio Unit on the more complex tectonic Tufi llo-Serra Palazzo one and the imbricate structures structures in the thrust-belt in the Tufi llo-Serra Palazzo and Daunia deposits will probably represents a more be observed during Day 5 along a section located friendly approach for a visitor about 20 kilometres SE of the line CROP 04. not familiar with Apennine South of the Ofanto Valley, the line CROP 04 geology. cuts across an important tectonic structure in Starting from the Apulia the allochthonous sheets represented by a huge foreland and moving antiformal stack made up of at least seven imbricates towards SW, the CROP 04 of rock units referable to the Lagonegro Nappe. The line cuts across the front of antiformal stack has been explored by the the Apenninic chain and the 1 well, which reached a depth of 5315 metres before adjacent Plio-Pleistocene being abandoned in the middle Triassic deposits of foredeep basin. Figure 6 is a the Monte Facito Formation (Lagonegro Unit II). line drawing of a commercial The buried Apulia carbonates, not reached by the line located a few kilometres borehole, are supposed to form a ramp anticline NW of the line CROP 04 beneath the antiformal stack at a depth exceeding 3 that shows the Apennine seconds TWT. Figure 7 is a simplifi ed log of the San frontal thrust and the Bradano Fele 1 well. The San Fele antiformal stack will be foredeep basin in some visited on Day 4. detail. The autochthonous West of San Fele, the buried Apulia carbonates carbonates of the Apulia form as a whole an antiformal structure that reaches Platform form a sort of its culmination in correspondence to the Monte homocline gently dipping Marzano massif. The top of the carbonates rises from a depth likely exceeding 5000 metres below Figure 4 - Interpreted line sea level in correspondence to San Fele to a depth

drawing of the line CROP 04. P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume Colours as in Figure 3 slightly exceeding 3000 metres in correspondence with the exception of the to Monte Marzano. Figure 8 shows a simplifi ed North-Calabrian Unit, log of the 1 well that crossed the Sicilide Unit and the Monte Marzano carbonates and the underlying the Albidona Formation Lagonegro deposits and reached the Mesozoic that have been grouped. Apulia carbonates of the buried duplex system. We After Patacca and Scandone have related the growth of the antiformal structure (2004 b) with slight modifications. to an important shortening in the Apulia carbonates.

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone 25-05-2004, 15:22:14 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20 Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume

Figure 5 - Palinspastic sketch of the Southern Apennine paleogeographic realms in late Jurassic-Cretaceous times and trace of the line CROP 04 in a restored cross section. After Patacca and Scandone (2003) with slight modifications.

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone on theupperPliocene-lower Pleistocenedeposits of justify theforward transportofthe Apenninic nappes late PlioceneandearlyPleistocenetimesinorderto shortening ofseveral tensofkilometresisrequiredin structural reconstruction,onthecontrary, atelescopic displacement oftheburied Apulia carbonates.Inour et al. (e.g. MenardiNogueraandRea2000,Mazzoli Other schemesavailable inrecentgeologicalliterature the northernmargin of Monte Alburno. may beprojectedonourprofi about 20KilometresNWoftheCROP-04 lineand northern borderoftheCampagnatectonicwindow, carbonate duplex system. Acerno1 islocatednearthe to theLagonegro unitsbeforereachingthe Apulia- more than3500metresofbasinaldepositsreferable the stratigraphyof 1well,whichcrossed deposits. This interpretation isstronglysupportedby attributed theserefl TWT. Basedonregional considerations,wehave at depthsrangingfrom3-4secondsto1-2 seismic lineandthenorthernmargin ofMonte Alburno quite evident betweenthewesternterminationof parallel tothetopofburied Apulia carbonates,is Alburno-Cervati carbonates. This package,roughly package ofcontinuous,strongrefl part oftheCROP 04profi Another importantfeaturepresentinthewestern kilometres. converted section,toadepthperhapsexceeding 20 about 8seconds TWT thatcorresponds,inadepth- they constrainthe Apennine base-thrustatadepthof has beenincorporatedinthethrustbelt.Consequently, been involved inthe compressionaldeformationand be, they markinany caseageologicalobjectthathas Whatever theinterpretationoftheserefl the hangingwall blockoftheaforementionedthrust. Puglia 1wellintheforelandbelt)transported stratigraphically underliethe Apulia carbonates(see to the Triassic-Permian terrigenousdepositsthat fl Marzano toabout7secondsbeneaththesouthern seconds TWT beneaththesouthernslopeofMonte amplitude refl The well-structuredpackageofhigh-frequency/low- Patacca andScandone(2001)withslightmodifications. NW ofthelineCROP 04.DepthsinsecondsTWT. After across thefrontof Apenninic chain afew kilometres Figure 6-Linedrawingofaseismicprofilecutting ank ofMonte Alburno corresponds,inouropinion, 2001)postulatequiteamodesthorizontal ectors thatdeepenfromabout4.5 ectors totheLagonegro basinal le isrepresentedbyathick leincorrespondenceto ectors below the etr may ectors 25-05-2004, 15:22:20 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20 Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume

Figure 7 - Simplifi ed log of the San Fele 1 well (T.D. 5315 m).

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone (Laura). Dinner andovernight stayinPaestum Neptune, erectedabout470/460b.C. the Temple ofHeraII,alsocalled Temple of Temple ofCeres,built around500b.C. and 550 b.C., the Temple of Athena, alsocalled wife ofZeus,kingthegods),built around Basilica, or Temple ofHeraI(Herawas the major monuments,thereistheso-called all otherpreserved buildings. Among the also usedfortheDorictemplesand made upofQuaternarytravertine, astone is entirelysurroundedbydefensive walls Magna GreciaontheIonianSea.Paestum a colony ofSybaris,importantcity of sea),was foundedaround600b.C. as to Poseidon(theLatinNeptune,thegod Paestum, theancientPoseidoniadedicated Visit tothePaestum archeological sites. Transfer fromFlorencetoPaestum. Field itinerary chain. (north-eastern) margin ofthemountain Palazzo andDauniaunitsalongtheouter imbricates intheSannio, Tufi duplex systemandthegenerationoftight antiformal stacksintheroofunitsof the foredeepbasin,growth ofhuge provenance (SicilideUnit,North-Calabrian thrust sheetsofmoreinternal(western) between the Alburno-Cervati Unitand Alburno-Cervati Unit.Relationships Mesozoic-Tertiary carbonates ofthe overnight stayin Atena Lucana. Departure at8o’ clock.Dinnerand Figure 9). Rufo - Atena Lucana(about150kilometres, a Fasanella -Passo dellaSentinella-San – Acquara -Sant’Angelo Paestum (Laura)– Magno 1well (T.D. 5901m). Figure 8-Simplifi ed logoftheSanGregorio DAY 2 DAY 2 DAY 1 DAY 1 llo-Serra 25-05-2004, 15:22:24 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20 Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone units. plus MontidellaMaddalenaunitsandtheLagonegro areas. Relationshipsbetweenthe Alburno-Cervati in theMonteSottano,Sopranoand Alburno Unit andoverlying Albidona Formation) croppingout wackestones. with usuallybarren,laminatedmudstonesand in lens-shapedbiostromesirregularly alternating well-exposed section ofrudistidfl structure (Coniacian-Santonian). Along theroad, Protected-platform limestonesoftheMonteSottano Road Giungano-Trentinara, MadonnadiLoreto. Stop 2.2: Stop 2.1: lower Miocene Albidona Formation. outcrops ofterrigenousdepositsbelongingtothe structure afterhaving crossedsomepoorlyexposed the upperCretaceouslimestonesofMonteSottano the margin of the Selecoastalplainuntilitreaches Between Stop2.1and2.2theroadrunsalong metres below sealevel. the carbonatesat3345metres,correspondingto2432 kilometers fromthefault trace,encounteredthetopof 3000 metres. The 1well,locatedatabout5 Agropoli hillswithavertical displacementexceeding been downthrown inthesubsurface oftheCicerale- the MonteSoprano-MonteSottanoanticlinehave the Alburno-Cervati carbonatescroppingoutin Albidona thrust-topdeposits).Becauseofthisfault, provenance (North-CalabrianUnit andassociated allochthonous sheetsofmoreinternal(western) carbonates fromterrigenousdepositsreferableto SSE-dipping normalfault separatestheMonteSottano high-angle fault thatdipstowards SSW. A second Sottano respectively) areseparatedbya WNW-ESE the axialpartoffold(MonteSopranoandMonte the Alburno-Cervati carbonates. The forelimband WNW-ESE-trending rampanticlinedeveloped in have beeninterpretedasdifferent portionsofa The MonteSopranoandSottanostructures Calabrian Unit). of the Albidona Formation andunderlyingNorth- Agropoli hills(lower Mioceneterrigenousdeposits of the Alburno-Cervati Unit)andoftheCicerale- Sottano mountains(Mesozoic-Tertiary carbonates Panoramic view oftheMonteSoprano-Monte Paestum, Porta Marina.

oatstones organized sea level. Alburno-Cervati Unitatadepthof278metresbelow reaching lower Miocenelimestonesbelongingtothe referable totheCorletoPerticaraFormation before clays, marls,siliciclasticcalcarenitesandsandstones the synform,penetrated695metresofPaleogene The Roccadaspide1well,locatedintheaxisof the northernfootofMonteSopranoanticline. southern terminationofthe Alburni homoclineand developed witha WNW-ESE directionbetweenthe their maximumthicknessinthecoreofasynform to theSicilideUnit. The allochthonoussheetsreach tectonically overlain byallochthonoussheets referred and middleEocenenummuliticlimestonesare lower Eocenelimestonesofthe Trentinara Formation (upper Cretaceousrudistidlimestones,Paleocene- of thehomocline, Alburno-Cervati carbonates trending normalfaults. Along thesouthernmargin dipping homoclineslightlydisturbedby WNW-ESE- Calore Valley. The Alburni MountainsformaSSW- Panoramic view onthe Alburni Mountainsandonthe between TrentinaraRoccadaspide. and Parco delleDueNevere, Monte Vesole Pass Stop 2.4: Monte Sopranostructure. and reachestheCretaceouslimestonesexposed inthe fault separatingMonteSottanofromSoprano Between Stop2.3and2.4theroadcutsacross stratigraphic hiatuses. of redsoilstestifyingtorepeatedemersionsand rudistid limestonesischaracterizedbythepresence exposed alongtheroad. The uppermostportionofthe the Coniacian-Santonianrudistidlimestonesiswell Paleocene limestonesofthe Trentinara Formation and Spirolina and subordinatepackstoneswith charophytes, greennodularmarls,solutionbreccias consists oflimewackestones withostracodsand Trentinara Formation inthetypelocality. The section Shelf-lagoon Paleocene-Eocene depositsofthe Trentinara village. Stop 2.3: Between Stop2.5and2.6theroadcutsacross on ashallow carbonateramp. glauconitic calcareniteswith Roccadaspide Formation showing cross-bedded Well-exposed sectioninthelower Miocene Quarry nearRoccadaspide. Stop 2.5: . The disconformablecontactbetweenthe Miogypsina Alveolina , deposited 25-05-2004, 15:22:30 and A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

synform between Monte Soprano and Monte Alburno Unit. From the road, fi ne panoramic views of Monti running in poorly exposed siliciclastic deposits of the della Maddalena, type locality of the Monti della Sicilide Unit (Corleto Perticara Formation, lower Maddalena Unit, and of . The latter is a Miocene-Paleogene) until it reaches the Cretaceous- middle Pleistocene lacustrine basin eastward limited Tertiary platform limestones belonging to the by an extensional WSW-dipping master fault. southern margin of the Alburno structure. Stop 2.9: Stop 2.6: Road -, bridge on the Road -, Tempa River near Ascolese. della Serra. Panoramic view of the Padula tectonic window. In Panoramic view on the carbonate massifs of Serra this window, upper Triassic-lower Cretaceous basinal Nuda (southeastern margin of the Alburni Mountains), deposits of the Lagonegro Unit II crop out below Monte Cocuzzo delle Puglie and Montagna della upper Triassic shallow-water dolomites and below Mutola. The tectonic structure of this area is quite a Jurassic-lower Miocene slope-to-basin carbonate bit more complex than that observed in the Monte resediments belonging to the Monti della Maddalena Soprano-Monte Alburno region. In this area, in Unit. fact, the SSW-dipping termination on the Alburni homocline is laterally replaced by NNE-dipping DAY 3 structures (Serra Nuda-Cocuzzo delle Puglie and Atena Lucana – Padula – Paterno – Marsico Nuovo Montagna della Mutola) related to the development – Sasso di Castalda – Pignola – Baragiano Scalo of backthrusts emanating from intracutaneous triangle – Muro Lucano (about 185 kilometres, Figure 9). zones. The southeastern continuation of the Monte Departure at 8 o’ clock. Dinner and overnight stay in Soprano-Monte Sottano structure is most likely Muro Lucano. represented by the Monte Cervati anticline. Lagonegro Unit II in the Padula tectonic window. Thrust of the Monti della Maddalena carbonates Stop 2.7: on the Lagonegro basinal deposits in the High Agri Costa dell’Icchio, Casone Acqua di Rugna. Valley and in the Melandro Valley. Tectonic structures In this locality, as in other areas of the Alburni and stratigraphic sections in the Lagonegro Unit II Mountains, middle Miocene terrigenous deposits and LagonegroUnit I. unconformably overlie the Mesozoic-Tertiary From Atena Lucana to Padula, panoramic views on the carbonates of the Alburno-Cervati Unit already carbonate massifs of the Alburno-Cervati Unit west affected by tectonic deformation and karstifi cation. of Vallo di Diano. From Padula to Mandrano, basinal The terrigenous deposits, in turn, are tectonically deposits of the Lagonegro Unit II (Scisti Silicei overlain by the Sicilide Nappe. The terrigenous and Galestri formations) underlying upper Triassic sequence of Acqua di Rugna represents a thrust- shallow-water dolomites and upper Cretaceous lime top deposit post-dating the incorporation of the breccias and calciturbidites belonging to the Monti - Platform in the Apennine thrust della Maddalena Unit. belt and pre-dating the transport of the Sicilide Nappe over the Alburno-Cervati Unit. Stop 3.1: Campo di Mandrano. Stop 2.8: Panoramic view of the eastern margin of the Padula Road Passo della Sentinella-San Rufo. tectonic window where Rhaetian shallow-water Outcrop of polygenic conglomerates dubitatively

dolomites tectonically overlie lower Cretaceous P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume attributed to the late Pliocene. The possible basinal deposits (Galestri Formation) of the occurrence of upper Pliocene terrigenous deposits in Lagonegro Unit II. the Alburni region is very important for establishing Between Stop 3.1 and Stop 3.2 the road runs in the beginning of the extensional faulting along the Rhaetian shallow-water dolomites of the Monti della Tyrrhenian slope of the chain and the consequent Maddalena Unit. Panoramic views of the High Agri change of the drainage. Valley. Between Stop 2.8 and Stop 2.9, the road runs across the Cretaceous limestones of the Alburno-Cervati

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone one. independent fromtheLagonegro nappe (SannioUnit)structurally the Lagonegro sequenceformsa the detachedupperportionof Lagonegro substratum.Presently, were detachedfromtheoriginal the middle/lateMiocene,they sequence. Subsequently, during originally partoftheLagonegro region visitedduringDay3)were in morecompletesectionsthe (exposed deposits contact. These deposits aresandwichedalongthe Cretaceous-Miocene basinal In addition,tectonicslicesof the ScistiSiliceiFormation. and ofJurassicradiolarites shales oftheGalestriFormation is madeupoflower Cretaceous Rhaetian dolomites;thefootwall block ismadeupofshallow-water angle ofabout20°. The hangingwall surface dipswestwards withan Lagonegro UnitII. The thrust della MaddalenaUnitabove the Frontal thrustoftheMonti Road Mandrano-Paterno. Stop 3.2: Monte Foi 1well (T.D. 5760m). Figure 10-Simplifiedlogofthe overlain bytheMonteFacito and Lagonegro Unit I istectonically anticlines, theGalestriFmof All aroundtheaforementioned Calvelluzzo and MonteLama). Nicola, SerradiCalvello-Monte (Monte Vulturino, MonteSan exposed inN-Strending anticlines and Galestriformations)iswidely I (CalcariconSelce,ScistiSilicei sequence oftheLagonegro Unit window, theentirestratigraphic Valley tectonicwindow. Inthis Panoramic view oftheHigh Agri the Paterno cemetery. Road Mandrano-Paterno, near Stop 3.3: 25-05-2004, 15:22:33 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

Figure 11 - Internal geometry of the San Fele antiformal Stop 3.4: stack based on the interpretation of a seismic line cutting Road Marsico Nuovo-Pietra Maura. across the structure and on the stratigraphy of the San Middle Triassic Monte Facito Formation (lower Fele 1 well. Depths in seconds TWT. After Patacca and Scandone (2004 b). portion of the Lagonegro Unit II) tectonically overlying the lower Cretaceous Galestri Formation of the Lagonegro Unit I. In the outcrop visited, the Monte Facito Formation is represented by chaotic Calcari con Selce formations of the Lagonegro Unit deposits including algal-reef limestones, turbiditic II. The Lagonegro Unit II is widely exposed along sandstones, pebbly mudstones and radiolarites. the foot of the Maddalena Mountains from Grumento Nova to Marsico Nuovo, at Monte Facito- Monte Arioso and in the Monte Sant’Enoc-Monte Caldarosa Stop 3.5: Monte Cugnone, Torrente Occhio quarry. anticlines. The deposits of the Lagonegro Unit II, Artifi cial section of Halobia-bearing cherty limestones in turn, are tectonically covered by the carbonates (Calcari con Selce Formation) of the Lagonegro Unit of the Monti della Maddalena and Alburno-Cervati I. In the quarry, the uppermost portion of the cherty units along the western margin of the window, and limestone is also exposed, with the gradual transition by siliciclastic deposits belonging to the Sicilide between the upper Triassic Calcari con Selce Unit (plus overlying Gorgoglione Formation) and to Formation and the Jurassic Scisti Silicei Formation. the North-Calabrian Unit (plus overlying Albidona Between Stops 3.5 and 3.6 the road runs in the Formation) along the eastern margin of the window. Lagonegro Unit II, except for a short tract between P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume The Madonna di Viggiano carbonates, between Marsico Nuovo and Pergola in which it crosses the Monte Vulturino and Monte Sant’Enoc, represent a front of the Monti della Maddalena carbonates. The Klippe of the Alburno-Cervati Unit. The Klippe is latter are locally constituted of upper Cretaceous to separated from Monte Volturino and Monte Corno by lower Miocene coarse-grained lime resediments. a low-angle normal fault dipping towards SE. Stop 3.6: Sasso di Castalda. Panoramic view of the Sasso di Castalda anticline

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone Selce Formation. less dolomitizedchertylimestonesoftheCalcaricon (Lagonegro UnitII)locallyoverlain bymoreor in chaoticdepositsoftheMonteFacito Formation contact betweenthetwo Lagonegro unitsandruns Between Stops3.7and3.8,theroadcutsacross Lagonegro UnitI. window. Along theroad,GalestriFormation ofthe northeastern borderoftheSassodiCastaldatectonic exposed atLaCerchiara-SchienaRasafromthe Panoramic view oftheMonteFacito Formation Fontana Cesine. Stop 3.7: (Galestri Formation). shales withintercalationsofsiliceouscalcilutites of theLagonegro UnitI)gradingupwards intogrey radiolarites (upperpartoftheScistiSiliceiFormation of theLagonegro UnitII. Along theroad,outcropof Formation andbytheCalcariconSelceFormation I aretectonicallyoverlain bytheMonteFacito Unit I. The GalestrishalesoftheLagonegro Unit Silicei andGalestriformationsoftheLagonegro with agoodexposure oftheCalcariconSelce,Scisti slight modifications. seconds TWT. After Patacca andScandone(2001)with in frontoftheSanFele antiformal stack. Depthsin terrigenous depositsfillingtheOfantopiggy-back basin the overall wedge-shaped geometryoftheupperPliocene Figure 12-Linedrawingofacommerciallineshowing lower partoftheCalcariconSelce Formation, akey has beensubstitutedbyadécollementsurface. Inthe outcrop, however, theoriginalstratigraphiccontact is overlain bytheCalcariconSelceFormation. Inthis the reefs. Along theroad,MonteFacito Formation Rosso-type nodularlimestonesoftenencrustthetopof subordinate ammonites.Inaddition, Ammonitico- and marlylimestoneswithpelagicpelecypods and sedimentary dykes ofyellowish and pinkishmarls lavas. The algal-reeflimestonesareoftencrossedby reworked Permianmicrofossilsandmafi pebbly mudstones,calcareousmicrobrecciaswith turbiditic sandstonesandsiltstones,radiolarites, ripple cross-laminationassociatedwithredshales, huge blocksofalgallimestones,calcareniteswith In theCerchiaraarea,chaoticcomplex includes Well-exposed outcropsoftheMonteFacito Formation. La Cerchiara. Stop 3.8.: c pillow c 25-05-2004, 15:22:38 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

horizon characterized by tuffi tic green shales with DAY 4 Halobia superba is also present. Muro Lucano – Castelgrande – Monte Carruozzo Between Stop 3.8 and Stop 3.9 the road cuts across – Toppo di Castelgrande – Pescopagano - different terms of the Lagonegro Unit II. – San Fele – Atella – Rionero in (about 100 kilometres, Figure 9). Stop 3.9: Departure at 8 o’ clock. Dinner and overnight stay in Road La Sellata-Pignola . Well-exposed section in the Calcari con Selce Middle Miocene thrust-top deposits of the Formation of the Lagonegro Unit II, from the tuffi te Castelvetere Formation unconformably overlying horizon with H. superba to the conformable contact the Alburno-Cervati and Monti della Maddalena with the overlying Scisti Silicei Formation. Along the carbonates. Section in the Sannio Unit. Relationships road, dolomitization features in the cherty calcilutites between the Sannio Unit and the Lagonegro Unit II of the Calcari con Selce Formation. in the Pescopagano area. San Fele antiformal stack Between Stop 3.9 and Potenza, well-exposed and stratigraphic section in the Calcari con Selce sections in the Scisti Silicei and Galestri formations. and Scisti Silicei formations of the Lagonegro Unit Near Potenza, upper Pliocene terrigenous deposits II. Upper Pliocene thrust-top deposits unconformably unconformably overlie the Lagonegro Unit II, the overlying the San Fele antiformal stack. Sicilide Unit and the Sannio Unit. From Muro Lucano to Castelgrande and to Monte Carruozzo, the road runs in upper Jurassic-upper Stop 3.10: Cretaceous lime breccias of the Monti della Road Potenza-Balvano (Basentana Highway). Maddalena Unit and in middle Miocene terrigenous Panoramic view of the Li Foi di Picerno anticline deposits referable to the Castelvetere Formation. made up of radiolarites and shales of the Scisti Silicei and Galestri formations of Lagonegro Unit II. The Stop 4.1: Scisti Silicei and Galestri deposits cropping out at Li Monte Carruozzo. Foi constitute the uppermost part of a huge antiformal Well-exposed outcrop of coarse-grained sandstones of stack made up of at least seven imbricates, all the Castelvetere Formation with blocks of Cretaceous referable to Lagonegro Unit II. The antiformal stack protected-platform limestones, namely lower was explored by the Monte Foi 1 well, which was Cretaceous Requienia-bearing limestones, derived abandoned in the Lagonegro stack at 5760 m without from the Alburno-Cervati Unit. having reached the buried Apulia carbonates. Figure 10 is a simplifi ed log of Stop 4.2: Monte Foi 1. The Li Foi di Picerno antiformal stack Road Monte Carruozzo-Toppo di Castelgrande. is the southern continuation of the San Fele structure, Coarse-grained sandstones and polygenic which has been explored by the San Fele 1 well and conglomerates of the Castelvetere Formation. The has been crossed by the seismic line CROP 04. It is pebbles of the conglomerate include protected- interesting to observe that south of Monte Li Foi the platform Mesozoic limestones, platform-edge telescopic shortening in the Lagonegro Unit II related Orbitolina limestones of early Cretaceous age, slope- to the duplexing of the allochthonous sheets has been to-basin lime breccias and calcarenites with Orbitoides almost entirely transferred to the Apulia carbonates and Siderolites of Campanian-Maastrichtian age, with the creation of important horse imbrications. basinal siliceous limestones, green cherts, coarse- As a consequence of the different thrust array, the top grained lithic sandstones, granites, acidic and mafi c of the Apulia carbonates, lying at depths exceeding volcanites and low-grade metamorphites. 5000 metres b.s.l. in the San Fele-Picerno region, is P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume uplifted to less than 2000 metres b.s.l. in the High Stop 4.3: Agri Valley. Toppo di Castelgrande. Between Stop 3.10 and Muro Lucano, outcrops of Panoramic view of the Monte Marzano Mesozoic upper Pliocene thrust-top deposits and panoramic carbonates, of the Castelvetere Formation and of the views of Monte Marzano (Alburno-Cervati Unit) and Sannio Unit. Well-exposed section in Cretaceous- of the Muro Lucano-Castelgrande mountains (Monti Tertiary basinal deposits of the Sannio Unit in the della Maddalena Unit). Lago Saetta area.

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone 21-06-2004, 9:11:59 A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

Stop 4.4: an early southward tilt of the basin, between 2.50 Madonna di Montemauro, near Lago Saetta. and 2.13 Ma, related to a breach emanating from the Panoramic view of the upper Pliocene terrigenous leading edge of the Apulia-carbonate duplex system, deposits of the Ofanto synform. Outcrop of radiolarites which cuts across the pile of nappes. The subsequent (Scisti Silicei Formation) of the Lagonegro Unit tilt towards the north was caused by the fi nal growth II emerging from the Sannio deposits in a narrow of the San Fele antiformal stack. The normal fault anticline that represents an axial culmination of the displacing the 3.70-2.50 thrust-top deposits and northward continuation of the San Fele antiformal gently deforming the portion of the Pliocene sequence stack. younger than 2.50 Ma has been considered a minor After Stop 4.4 the road runs prevalently in the upper feature providing accommodation in the backlimb of Cretaceous-lower Miocene deposits of the Sannio the ramp anticline developed in the hangingwall of an Unit. Between Pescopagano and San Fele, panoramic active ramp. views of the Ofanto synform and of the San Fele From San Fele to Rionero in Vulture, the road crosses anticline. As in the case of the Li Foi di Picerno red shales, calcarenites and lime breccias referable to structure, the San Fele anticline is the emergence of the Sannio Unit, as well as Pliocene sandstones and a huge antiformal stack in the Lagonegro deposits conglomerates. Along the road, fi ne panoramas on the constituted of at least seven imbricates. The stack has Vulture Volcano. Near Atella, Pleistocene lacustrine been penetrated by the San Fele 1 well. Figure 11 is and fl uvio-lacustrine deposits rich in volcaniclastic an interpretation of the tectonic structure based on a material. commercial seismic line cutting across the antiformal stack and on the stratigraphy of the San Fele 1 well. DAY 5 Rionero in Vulture – – Vaglio Stop 4.5: – Cancellara – Acerenza – Genzano di San Fele. Lucania – Spinazzola – Castel del Monte – Andria Panoramic view of San Fele and La Ralla sections. – Trani – Molfetta – Bari (about 270 kilometres, Good exposure of the upper part of the Calcari con Figure 13). Selce Formation and of the entire Scisti Silicei Departure at 8 o’ clock. Arrival at Bari around 7 Formation of the Lagonegro Unit II. In these sections, o’clock p.m. Dinner and overnight in Bari. the cherty calcilutites of the Calcari con Selce Structural features of the outer (northeastern) margin Formation have been completely dolomitized. The of the Apennines: thrust of the Sannio Unit over the Scisti Silicei section is very rich in lime resediments Tufi llo-Serra Palazzo Unit and Pliocene-Pleistocene derived from a shallow-water carbonate platform. imbricates in the Tufi llo-Serra Palazzo and Daunia Flute casts at the base of calciturbidites indicate a units. Pleistocene deposits of the Bradano Trough. provenance of the shallow-water material from NW Cretaceous carbonates of the Murge foreland with the and NNW. bauxite horizon. Visit to the medieval castles of Castel Lagopesole and Stop 4.6: Castel del Monte. Visit to the Trani cathedral. Road San Fele- . From Rionero in Vulture to Vaglio Basilicata the road Panoramic view of the northern fl ank of the San runs parallel to the regional strike of the Apenninic Fele anticline where upper Pliocene sandstones and structures and cuts across lacustrine deposits of the subordinate clays unconformably cover the Scisti Atella Pleistocene basin and Tertiary deposits, namely Silicei and Galestri formations of the Lagonegro Unit Numidian sandstones, of the Sannio Unit. II, as well as the overlying deposits of the Sannio Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume Unit. In the Ofanto synform, growth strata in the Stop 5.1: upper Pliocene deposits allowed us to establish the Castel Lagopesole. age of the antiformal- stack. Figure 12 is the line Panoramic view of the Apennine mountain chain drawing of a commercial line showing the internal and visit to the medieval castle. The erection of the stratal architecture of the Pliocene fan-delta deposits Lagopesole castle was ordered by Emperor Frederick overlying the Apenninic nappes in front of the San II in 1242 and its construction was completed under Fele antiformal stack and fi lling the Ofanto basin. The the kingdom of Charles I the Angevin who came to internal progressive unconformities give evidence of the throne of Sicily after the military victories over

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone Palazzo Unit. deposits unconformablyoverlying the Tufi Cancellara isfoundedonupperPlioceneterrigenous Unit onthe Tufi Near Cancellara,tectonicsuperpositionoftheSannio and inthepre-NumidiandepositsofSannioUnit. poorly exposed sectionsintheNumidiansandstones Vaglio BasilicataandCancellara,theroadcutsacross top depositsoftheGorgoglione Formation. Between together withtheoverlying middleMiocenethrust- south ofPotenza,asfar astheGulfof Taranto, by theSicilideUnit. The latteriswidelydeveloped Basilicata, theSannioUnitistectonicallyoverlain road runsprevalently intheSannioUnit.Near Vaglio From CastelLagopesoleto Vaglio Basilicatathe battle ofBenevento. beloved husbandkilledbythe Angevins inthe1266 castle weepingbittertearsover themisfortuneofher with afullmoon,wanders throughtheroomsof Helen, wifeofManfredi,whoseghost,onnights King Manfredi,sonofFrederick. A legend tellsabout Frederick II,thecastlewas thesummerresidenceof hunting residenceofFrederickII. After thedeathof at thattimeentirelysurroundedbywoods, was the the Swabian armyin1266and1268. The castle, tilted Tufi between horizontalupperPlioceneshoredepositsand Unit. Justbefore Acerenza, fi poorly exposed outcropsofthe Tufi Between Stop5.3and Acerenza, theroadrunsin Serra Palazzo sandstones. top depositsunconformablyoverlying the Tufi sandstones. Inthebackground,upperPliocenethrust- Numidian sandstonestomiddleMiocenearkosic Serra Palazzo deposits,fromupperBurdigalian Panoramic view ofawell-exposed sectionof Tufi Road Cancellara-Acerenza RailwayStation. Stop 5.3: arkosic sandstonesofthe Tufi thrust. Along theroad,outcropofmiddleMiocene upper Pliocenedepositsthatlieinthefootwall ofthe contact post-datesthedepositionofCancellara sandstones ofthe Tufi of theSannioUnitandmiddleMiocenearkosic Cretaceous varicoloured shalespluslimeresediments Panoramic view ofthetectoniccontactbetweenupper Station. Cancellara, road Cancellara-Acerenza Railway Stop 5.2: llo-Serra Palazzo sandstones. llo-Serra Palazzo Unit. The villageof llo-Serra Palazzo Unit. The ne angularunconformity llo-Serra Palazzo Unit. llo-Serra Palazzo llo-Serra llo-Serra llo- llo- limestones oftheMurge foreland(BariLimestone). conglomerates directlyoverlie Cenomanian-Turonian is anerosionalcontact.NearSpinazzola,theIrsina Monte MaranoSandandtheIrsinaConglomerate Genzano andSpinazzola,thecontactbetween conglomerates (IrsinaConglomerate).Between sands, inturn,arestratigraphicallyoverlain by fl sands (MonteMaranoSand). The MonteMarano the Gravina clays gradeupwards intoregressive of theBradanosequence.NearGenzanodiLucania, overlain bylower Pleistoceneclays(Gravina Clay) top deposits. The latter, inturn,aredisconformably are unconformablyoverlain byupperPliocenethrust- Daunia Unit,asthoseofthe Tufi Serra Palazzo andtheDauniaunits. The depositsofthe cuts acrossthetectoniccontactbetween Tufi Between Acerenza andtheBradanoRiver, theroad foreland. the Apulia sequence. Inthebackground,Mesozoiccarbonatesof regressive upperportionofthePleistoceneforedeep panoramic view oftheBradano Trough withthe overlain byopen-marineclays.FromBelvedere, bedded shorecalcarenitesandsandsconformably deltaic conglomeratesgradingupwards intocross- Upper Pliocenethrust-topdepositsrepresentedby Acerenza. Stop 5.4: Benedictine abbey. The presentnameCasteldel the CastleofSantaMariadelMonte,fromanancient I the Angevin. The originalnameoftheedifi dynasty, thecastlebecamepropertyofKingCharles himself. In1266,afterthefall oftheSwabian imperial II in1240andwas possiblydesignedbytheemperor Italy. The castlewas orderedbyEmperorFrederick masterpiece ofSwabian architectureinSouthern and withtheeightoctagonal-shapedtowers, isa the octagonalexternal perimeterofthecourtyard Visit tothemedieval castle.CasteldelMonte,with Castel delMonte. Stop 5.6: shallow-water sandsandcalcarenites. Turonian BariLimestoneandlocallyinPleistocene After Stop5.5theroadrunsinCenomanian- horizon of Turonian age. Limestone respectively), separatedbyabauxite Senonian limestones(BariLimestoneand Altamura Well-exposed outcropofCenomanian-Turonian and Murgetta Rossa,nearSpinazzola. Stop 5.5: llo-Serra Palazzo one, 25-05-2004, 15:22:46 ce was ce uvial llo- A GEOLOGICAL TRANSECT ACROSS THE SOUTHERN APENNINES ALONG THE SEISMIC LINE CROP 04 P20

Monte derives from a royal decree of King Ferdinand in the Lucanian Apennines (southern Italy): tools for of Aragona in 1463. reconstructing the geological evolution. J. Geodyn., 34, 141-158. Stop 5.7: Mattavelli L., Pieri M. and Groppi G. (1993). Trani. Petroleum exploration in Italy: a review. Marine Visit to the Trani cathedral. The cathedral, Petroleum Geol., 10, 410-425. consecrated to St. Nicholas “the Pilgrim” who died Mazzoli S., Barkham S., Cello G., Gambini in Trani in 1094, is one of the most beautiful churches R., Mattioni L., Shiner P. and Tondi E. (2001). of Apulia. The cathedral was founded in 1097 on the Reconstruction of continental margin architecture ancient church of Santa Maria (7th century) and its deformed by the contraction of the Lagonegro Basin, construction was completed around the half of the southern Apennines, Italy. J. Geol. Soc. London, 158, 13th century. 309-319. Mazzotti A., Stucchi E., Fradelizio G.L., Zanzi L. Acknowledgments and Scandone P. (2000). Seismic exploration in We thank Barbara Taccini for graphics preparation. complex terrains: a processing experience in the Southern Apennines. Geophysics, 65 (5), 1402-1417. References cited Menardi Noguera A. and Rea G., (2000). Deep Arisi Rota F. and Fichera R. (1977). Magnetic structure of the Campanian-Lucanian Arc (Southern interpretation related to geo-magnetic provinces: the Apennine, Italy). Tectonophysics, 324, 239-265. Italian case history. Tectonophysics, 138, 179-196. Monaco C., Tortorici L. and Paltrinieri W. (1998). Casero P., Roure F., Moretti I., Sage L. and Vially Structural evolution of the Lucanian Apennines, R. (1988). Evoluzione geodinamica neogenica southern Italy. J. Struct. Geol., 20 (5), 617-638. dell’Appennino Meridionale. Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital., Mostardini F. and Merlini S. (1986). Appennino 41, 109-120. centro-meridionale. Sezioni geologiche e proposta Casero P., Roure F. and Vially R. (1991). Tectonic di modello strutturale. Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital., 35, framework and petroleum potential of the southern 177-202. Apennines. In: “Generation, accumulation, and Patacca E. and Scandone P. (1989. Post-Tortonian production of Europe’s hydrocarbons” (A.M. Spencer mountain building in the Apennines. The role of Ed.), Spec.Publ. European Assoc. Petroleum Geosci., the passive sinking of a relic lithospheric slab. In 1, 381-387. “The lithosphere in Italy. Advances in Earth Science Cassano E., Anelli L., Cappelli V. and La Torre P. Research” (A. Boriani, M. Bonafede, G.B. Piccardo (2001). Magnetic and gravity analysis of Italy. In and G.B. Vai Eds), Atti Conv. Lincei, 80, 157-176. “Anatomy of an Orogen: The Apennines and Adjacent Patacca E. and Scandone P (2001). Late thrust Mediterranean Basins” (G.B. Vai and I.P. Martini propagation and sedimentary response in the thrust Eds.). Kluwer Academic Publishers, 53-64. belt-foredeep system of the Southern Apennines Cassinis R., Franciosi R. and Scarascia S. (1979). The (Pliocene-Pleistocene). In “Anatomy of an Orogen: structure of the Earth’s crust in Italy. A preliminary The Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins” typology based on seismic data. Boll. Geof. Teor. (G.B. Vai and I.P. Martini Eds.). Kluwer Academic Appl., 21, 105-126. Publishers, 401-440. Cello G. and Mazzoli S. (1999). Apennine tectonics in Patacca E. and Scandone P. (2003). Paleogeographic southern Italy: a review. Geodynamics, 27, 191-211. restoration of the Lagonegro Basin. New constraints Cello G., Paltrinieri W. and Tortorici L. (1987). from subsurface data. Workshop on “Late Triassic- Caratterizzazione strutturale delle zone esterne Early Jurassic events in the framework of the Pangea dell’Appennino molisano. Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital., 38, break-up”, Capri, 30 September-1 October 2003, P14 to P36 n° 4 - from Volume 155-161. Abstracts, 54-56. Lentini F., Catalano S. and Carbone S. (1996). The Patacca E. and Scandone P. (2004 a). Geology of external thrust system in Southern Italy: a target for the Southern Apennines. In “The CROP 04 transect petroleum exploration. Petroleum Geosci., 2, 333- - Southern Apennines” (A. Mazzotti, E. Patacca and P. 342. Scandone Eds.). Boll. Soc. Geol. Ital., 122 (in press). Lentini F., Carbone S., Di Stefano A. and Guarnieri Patacca E. and Scandone P. (2004 b). Geologic P. (2002). Stratigraphical and structural constraints interpretation of the seismic line CROP 04 (Southern

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Volume n° 4 - from P14 to P36 P20 - P20 Leaders: E.Patacca,P. Scandone profi Patacca E.,ScandoneP. and Tozzi M.(2000).Il 1991-92, 417-441. and M.Parotto Eds.). 11 Civitavecchia-Vasto” (M. Tozzi, G.P. Cavinato preliminari all’acquisizionedatidelprofi meridionale nell’AbruzzoenelMolise.In“Studi appenninico settentrionaleel’arco Santini U(1992).Lazonadigiunzionetral’arco Patacca E.,ScandoneP., BellatallaM.,PerilliN.and Eds.). Boll.Soc.Geol.Ital.,122(inpress). Apennines” (A.Mazzotti,E.Patacca andP. Scandone Apennines). In“TheCROP 04transect-.Southern lo CROP-04. Protecta Studi Geol.Camerti , 10/12,49-52. , vol. spec. l CROP lo neogene forelandfold-and-thrustbelts.P deformation andpetroleumsystemappraisalin Roure F. andSassi W. (1995).Kinematicsof angle seismicprofi and adjacentonshoreareasinterpretedfromwide- structures oftheLigurian, Tyrrhenian andIonianseas Scarascia S.,Lozej A. andCassinisR.(1994).Crustal Sci. Lett., Apennines accretionarywedge. processes andmelangeformationinthesouthern Roure F., CaseroP. and Vially R.(1991).Growth 1, 253-269. 144.

102, 395-412. les. Boll. Geof. Teor.Appl., Earth andPlanet. etr. Geosci 25-05-2004, 15:22:49 36,141- ., Back Cover: fi eld trip itinerary

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