THE English supplement of SVOBODA, Ukrainian daily, founded 1893. Dedicated to the needs and interests of young Americans of Ukrainian descent.
No. 8 JERSEY CITY, N. J., FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1941 VOL. IX
HETMAN BOHDAN KHMELNITSKY "And Yet He Must Appear
In his lecture at, Columbia University last Friday, As a people who have been denied national freedom far Professor George Vernadsky of Yale paid high tribute to more than anyone else, the Ukrainians have learned to the leadership, statesmanship, and generalship of Hetman cherish it most of all. Especially do they cherish and honor Bohdan Khmelniteky, the great Kozak leader who freed its great champions. Chief among them, of course, is George Ukraine in 1648. Washington, the Father of Our Country. For the Ukrainians In fact,,the tribute that Vernadsky paid Khmelnitsky he is the very personification of freedom. That is why they is in some respects even higher than many Ukrainians always allude to America as "vilna zemlia Washingtona"— usually pay him. In one important respect, however, they the free land of Washington. And that is why, too, their all agree with the distinguished Yale scholar. Had not pre greatest poet and national martyr, Taras Shevchenko, cried mature death taken Khmelnitsky when he was needed most, out in one of his poems: they say, had he been able to live about ten more years, When will our Washington appear, his life work would then have been completed, Ukraine With just and human laws? would have probably won lasting freedom, and the entire but, full of faith, he then exclaimed: course of East European history would have been changed. And yet he must appear* Perhaps, to go even further, Ukraine and not Russia would have then been the dominant power in that area today. In any event, Bohdan Khmelnitsky was a great man. VERNADSKY LECTURE LECTURES ON tKRAI N K He might be regarded as a combination of Oliver Cromwell, AT COLUMBIA DRAWS AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY George Washington, and Simon Bolivar. The similarity be MANY lecture No. 2 tween him and Cromwell is especially striking. Even a The second of the series of lectures Polish historian, Ludwig Kuballa (1838-1918), commented The Ukrainian Revolution of on Ukraine at Columbia University upon it. Wrote he: "Strangers compared Khmelnitsky with 1648, which gave rise to modern will be given tonight, beginning at 8 o'clock, Room 305. Schermer Cromwell. Т¾е comparison forces itself to the attention, Ukraine, was an historical event of no leas significance than the horn Hall. especially of the age when these two men drew upon them Thirty Year War or the English The lecturer will be Stephen selves the undivided interest of Europe. Both lived and Revolution of 1640-49, declared Shumeyko, Editor of the Ukrainian died at practically the same time. Both were standing Professor George Vernadsky of Weekly. His topic will be The Yale University, author of several Modern Period in Ukrainian His enemies of the ruling church and government of their coun tory. outstanding historical works on tries, and і¿ the later years of their lives both stood at Russia, during the course of his the head of an uprising that could boast of progress which lecture at Columbia University partment of Ea»t European Lan could put to shame the teaching and experience of the last Friday night on the subject guages. of the Kievan and Kozak Periods greatest warriors and diplomats. E]ach created a mighty 'The problem of Ukraine is one in Ukrainian History. (An abs of the most thorny and disputed army by whose help he governed, and both died at the height tract of Prof. Vernadflky's lecture problems in the Europe of today," i>f their power, willing their positions to their children." appears on page 3). Professor Manning declared. "His· The two men, it might be added, are reported to have Well over two hundred persons, ton· with its many changes of corresponded with one another. A letter from Cromwell to mostly of the younger generation, names has completely obscured the Khmelnitsky is said to indicate that the great Englishman attended the lecture, which was development of events, and politi the first of the series currently cians and ncholars some honestly regarded the great Ukrainian as a noble champion of human t being sponsored at Columbia Uni and others for personal or national liberties. - — versity by its Department of East advantages, have sought to profit It was in this role that Khmelnitsky aroused and led European Languages in conjunc by the confusion. the Ukrainian people against Poland. The Revolution of tion with the Ukrainian National "But today there is a major con 1648, as Vernadsky calls it, had been brewing a long while. Association. flict in the world and all the basic These lectures are held every concepts of a well ordered universe The Polish kingdom then was, as expressed in some old Friday evening, beginning at 8, are being questioned. It is t¿ie task Latin verses, "Coelum Nobilitorum, Paradisus Judeorum, in Room 305, Schermerhorn Hall, of a University to serve as a guide Et Infernum Rusticorum"—Heaven for the Nobles, Paradise which is on the Amsterdam Ave to intelligent thinking on important for the Jews, and Hell for the Peasants. nue side of the Columbia grounds, problems and therefore the Depart Hell indeed it was for the Ukrainians, who were mostly at 118th Street. The Broadway~ ment of East European Languages, 7th Avenue Express, going to 242 with the cooperation of the Uk peasants. This fact is stressed by Poles themselves, such as Street, should bo taken; get off at rainian National Association, is the chronicler Wezpiazin Kochowski (1633-99) or the his- 116th Street only too glad to arrange this series torian Samuel Gradski (17th century). Foreigners, too, like The lecture was presided over by of lectures on the development of the French engineer Sieur de Beauplain, noted it. Finally Professor Clarence A. Manning, Ukrainian history, culture and lit even a Jewish writer, Nathan Hanover, commented on it. acting executive on¶cer of the De- erature." Oppression by the Polish magnates and nobles had reduced the Ukrainian peasants to such straits, he wrote, "that they sary for him to conclude in 1654 the disastrous treaty of were lorded over by everyone. Even those who themselves alliance with the Muscovian Tsar. were in the most sorry plight—the Jews—lorded over them." "Able both as statesman and warrior, accorded a kingly Preceded by a number of peasant revolts, which were estate by all the great powers. Bohdan continued until the ruthlessly put down, the Ukrainian Revolution of 1648 was end of his career to lead the life of a peasant or common begun not so much by the peasants as by the Kozaks, com soldier," thug wrote Count de Salvandy, the French states posed of those bolder spirits among the peasants and towns man and historian. "In the same room he (Bohdan) shared people who had fled the oppressive rule and settled in the with his wife and children, he received embassies from the dangerous but bountiful borderlands, and there evolved into greatest crowned heads of Europe. The sudden apoplectic a military organization which became world famous for its stroke which carried o£f the veteran chief of the Kozaks removed a factor which has been compared with that of defense of Europe against the unceasing invasions of the Oliver Cromwell in the West. Vet today Bohdan Khmel- Tartar and Turkish hordes. nitsky's name is all but forgotten in history." "Being a man of great abilities, well educated, a shrewd politician," as Professor Vernadsky describes him in his But the above was written in the late 1820's. Today "Political and Diplomatic History of Russia," Bohdan Bohdan Khmelnitsky's name as well as the great role he Khmelnitsky soon found himself at the head of the revolu played in East European history, are becoming better known tionary movement. With the entire Ukrainian nation behind than ever before. him, Khmelnitsky was able to drive the Poles out of Ukraine, As Professor Vernadsky said at the Columbia Univer shatter their military might at the battles of Zhovti Vodi, sity lecture last Friday: "His (Khmelnitsky *e) achievements Korsun, Piliava, and Zboriw, and reduce the resistance of were of tremendous importance and the foundation of his aristocratic Poland to such an extent that, in the words of policies sound. It was the mistakes of his successors and the Polish writer Sienkiewicz, "Poland lay in the Wood and the lack of cooperation between various factions, which dust at the feet of the Kozaks." Had not Khmelniteky chose eventually undermined the unity of the Ukrainian nation to be lenient then, all of Poland would have capitulated be and thus contributed greatly to the subsequent extinction fore Km tnen, which perhaps would ha*e made it unneces- of Ukrainian liberties." £ UKRAINIAN WEEKLY, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21. \d'J ; No 8 THE UKRAINIAN" NATIONAL ASSOCIATION - £ E v>
ПРНЕ outbreak of the first World War in 1914 Publications It is precisely this fraternal and democratic ^" created in Europe a whirlpool of conflicting character of the Ukrainian National Associa human interests that at once sucked in those In this connection, it is also worth while to tion, together with the large resources at its gigantic waves of emigration that had been point out that the U.N.A. has done more than command, that has enabled it to be so sen flooding America for well-nigh one hundred any one single agency in making the Ukrainian sitive and receptive to the needs and desires of years. Before it did, however, one of these immigrant better acquainted than he was the Ukrainian-American people, and to respond emigratory waves cast upon American shores when he first came here with his rich cultural to them to an extent far beyond, that attained close to оце million Ukrainians. heritage, and in teaching him the value of cul by any other Ukrainian-American organization.
cf tivating it here on the free American soil. In Approxftnately 85 c of them came from this great task its publications have p^ayed a ''Svoboda" Western Ukraine, then under Austria-Hungary, major role. Year after year the U.N.A. has although the forerunners of this wave, appear * Г published booklets, books and almanacs of vari All these services, deeds and accomplish ing in the 60s of the last century, came from ous sorts which have proven themselves to be Eastern Ukraine, under Russia, being the tail ments of the U.N.A., however, would have been invaluable in enlightening the immigrant about most difficult without the aid of its official end of the Gold Rush of 1849. The real im the Old World and the New World and how to migration began about 1870, and did not as organ, the daily "Svoboda," oldest and leading best adjust himself to the latter. With the en Ukrainian newspaper in America. Established sume any appreciable proportions until 1899. trance upon the scene of the younger generation Beginning with that year the Ukrainians arrived a year earlier than the U.N.A·, in 1893, the and with the rise of interest here in America in "Svoboda" has since then played a vitally im in this country in ever increasing numbers, the Ukrainian cause, the U.N.A. has issued until the war and subsequent immigration laws portant dual role, reporting and interpreting either directly or indirectly a host of publica news of vital interest to Ukrainian-Americans, put a stop upon them. Most of them settled in tions in the English language concerning the the Middle Atlantic and Middle West. especially such as deals with the old country, Ukrainian people, their background, history, and acting as a brilliant torch to light the way Driven from their native land by economic, culture, national hopes and aspirations. Suffice toward their progress and development. Demo social and political oppression, they found on their it to name but a few: Spirit of Ukraine—Uk cratic in its outlook from its very inception, as arrival here that the country was not the land rainian Contributions to World Civilization; the even a casual perusal of any of its issues will of plenty the traveling agents had pictured it monumental U.N.A. Jubilee Book; Ukrainian clearly show, the "Svoboda" has better and more to be. Furthermore, unlike fhe other im National Movement; Ukraine and < American consistently than any other single agency among migrants who upon coming here found many Democracy; Moses—a translation of Ivan Frau- Ukrainian-Americans kept alive the democratic of their countrymen occupying positions of pow ko's famous poem of that name; and many traditions of the Ukrainian-American people. er and i¯nfluence, the Ukrainians had no one others. In addition the U.N.A. is now about Its personnel is headed by Dr. Luke Myshilha, to extend to them a helping hand. Neverthe to publish, through the Yale University Press, editor-in-chief; Emil Revyuk, managing editor; less, through hard work, perseverence, courage, a tifanslation of Michael Hrushevsky's History E¯¯ugene Lachowich, associate-editor. and faith in themselves and their ideals, they of Ukraine. Also in print now is a volume of slowly but surely forged ahead. Today we see Translated Select Ukrainian Stories. "Ukrainian Weekly¯¯ the fruits of their labors in form of nation wide institutions, churches, community centers, The torch that the "Svoboda" has been to the schools, and societies of various sorts. Its Americanism older generation, the "Ukrainian Weekly," its English-language supplement, is rapidly becom- Its efforts to better acquaint Ukrain ian-Americans with their old country background and heritage, however, have How Established not in the least interfered with the work of the U.N.A. in making better Ameri Upon his arrival here the Ukrainian im cans of them. It has, for instance, con migrant found himself confronted with the ducted many campaigns amon¾ them to problem of providing some form of protection the end that all of them become Ameri for his family in the event of his natural or can citizens. It has stressed to them accidental death. As a result, on February 22, 1894, a group of Ukrainian immigrants met in the meaning and value of democracy. Shamokin. Pennsylvania and there created a Furthermore, it has constantly pointed fraternal benefit society which became the out to them that they cannot have foundation of the present-day oldest and largest rights and privileges here without duties Ukrainian organization on this continent—the and responsibilities, and that in return Ukrainian National Association, which besides for the protection, education and oppor providing for its members various forms of life tunities that America gives them so insurance protection, has been, at the same bountifully, they owe her their love, time, the bulwark of 'Ukrainian-American na obedience, service and loyalty. It has tional, cultural and social life. taught them that their principal task here is not the makings of mone¯y but the • "*" # ·A \^*^З¿" building of America. This tbey have Its Sire done not only in factories, mines or out At present the membership of the U.N.A., on the farms, but also by introducing U.N.A. HOME OFFICE as it is popularly known, is about 38,000, and the finest elements of «their Ukrainian steadily growing. Its branches (assemblies, cultural heritage into the stream of American j lodges) about 500 in number, are located in 21 culture and thereby enriching it. Today, Ameri- I ing to the younger generation. Established in different states and in Canada as well. It has cans of Ukrainian descent are known all over j 1933 and preceded by the "Juvenile Magazine" paid out over $5,000,000.00 in insurance benefits. the country as model citizens in every respect,
Father drew near. swept up his mother's wail, bore it out into the fields and laid it down on the ridges, so that OFF TO WAR "Come, get into the wagon, son, or else we'll when spring came they would know why Nicky miss our train." By VASILE STEFAN IK was not there to furrow them. «я*~ щ '*Stay with us this one more night, my son," They emerged from the forest out into the Translated by Stephen Shumeyko mother pleaded. "I raised you so tenderly, breathed upon you like I would upon a wound. fields. The recruit paused to bid farewell to his (Eighteenth in the Series of Select Translated ... P|ease ... Tomorrow with the rising of the native village. Ukrainian Stories.) sun I shall let you go, and I won't cry either. "Goodbye, my dear ones, good-bye! If I l^¼VER in the west a red-tin ted cloud hung Only Stay with us this one more night, my son, have done any of you any wrong, please forgive. petrified in the air, wreathed in the glow stay!* Grant me your blessing to speed me on my of the setting day. It looked, this cloud, like And she drew him inside the house. way." the bloody head of some holy man. And from The crowd moved towards the gate. In a All doffed their hats. beyond this head burst forth the slanting ray· few moments, mother reappeared with her son. "Come back to us, well and strong, and do of the sun* . Her f·ee was white, like chalk. not dally too long." The courtyard was thronged with people. • "Son," his father asked, "who will hoe my Son and father climbed into the wagon. Upon them beat this light from the west, as corn now?" Mother seized hold of the wheel. if from glowing red hot rock. From the door Even the men wept now. Father leaned his "Take me, take me with you please! If you way of the house people were still pouring out. head against the wagon, shaking like a leaf. don't, I'll run after you the whole length of Like *from one dead -*- so sorrowfully, they "O¾ne, let's go!" this field! I won't stop until I catch you!" emerged. But his mother still wouldn't let him go. "Good people, do take this woman away, Bringing up their rear came a young man Vjf¾i, Nicky, please don't go! By the time or else she'll break her hands on the wheel." with cfoee-cropped hair—the recruit. All eye· you come back the threshold will warp and the Forcibly the people pulled her away. The were turned upon him. It seemed to them that corners will rot away. I won't be here then. wagon started off. this h§ad of his, which bore itself so easily in L·ikely, you'll never come^ back. Please don't "Good luck, Nicky, good luck!" the crowd go!" - the crimson light, was bound to fall on some kept shouting after him. She seize¿ her son around his legs. far¾s¾y warrior's trail. In foreign lands, high That night the old mother sat outside in up ne·# the sun, it would fall to the earth*and "If you're to die, I'd much rather lay you the yard, and in a cracked voice plaintively soil-itself in the dirt. out myself!" lamented: His mother stood on the threshold. He_ went. All those who had been waiting "You are going already, my son?7' by Che gat·-went also, to escort him to the "Oh, my son, where shall I look for you, oh "Yes, mother." station*. * where shall I search for you." "And who is going to take care of us now?*' They entered the forest. Leaxes car¶peted і While her daughter·, like cuckoos, tried to The women wailed, his sisters wrung their • their road, or bent themselves into copper- cheer her. ^а¾а¾аітег ¾У mother beat her head against colored boats that borne on autumn waters High above them, in the deep and limitless the jamb. floated down the road after him. The forest vault of the autumn sky, stars twinkled and glowed. YOUTH and THE U.N.A. WASHINGTON OK<>I I> NEW YORK BUSINESS MEN PRESENTS PL·\\ FORM ASSOCIATION THE U. N. A. SPORTLIGHT Juvenile Insurance On Sunday. February 9, 1941, A Ukrainian Business Men's As With, so many of *>ur Ukrainian- the American-Ukrainian Club of sociation was formed in New York (Bos ·core· of game· reported below American youth married or con Washington, D. C. presented the City last Sunday at *a meeting held appear in the "Svoboda.") templating marriage, the question Ukrainian play. "Svatania Na Ve- at Beethoven Hall. Seventy-six of juvenile ihsuranee is a very chemitsiakh," .at St. Michaels Hall business men became its charter MILLVJLLE BEATS NEW YORK timely subject for our column this in Baltimore, Md. It was directed members, and elected an- executive BRANCH 361 week. It is surprising how proud by Mrs. Mary Ski»tzko. who is also committee of eleven members, A Ukrainian National Association mothers and fathers have insured our chorus director. Each member headed by Platon Stasiuk, *Presi Basketball League game played at their less-than-one-year-old babies of the cast is from a different city; dent; Stephen Buchatsky, Secreta Alillv¡lle on Feb. 8th. resulted in a with the Ukrainian National As New York, Olyphant, Philadelphia. ry; Nicholas Krawchuk, Treasurer. 35—2 I victory for the Millville team. sociation during the past year or Wilkes Bar re, and Rochester had The meeting was arranged and New Yor>k's Branch 361 suffered the so. Insurance for children, and its representatives at this short presided over by Mr. Stasiuk, setback. Although the New Yorkers particularly very young children, managed to tie the score at 18*—16 comedy. The cast included Mrs. proprietor of one of the largest at the end of the 3rd period, the is as important as insurance for Mary Skotzko. Miss Natalie K> >ban. privately-owned meat markets in adults. Millville boys put on a spectacular Michael Metalski, Myron Spurr, and the city. It featured a lecture on 17-point scoring spree in the tinal No child should be without in Peter Oliszuk. The co-operation the Ukrainian cooperative move quarter to walk away with the win. surance, for death does not differ among these Ukrainian Americans ment given by Mr. Roman Oles- P. Romanik took high scorina^raurels entiate between juvenile and adult. was splendid, and the leadership nitsky. with 14 points to his credit, and M. Juvenile insurance is very inex and enthusiasm of Mrs. Skotzko Czarnecky and T. Dusanenko starred pensive, which makes it possible encouraged us in spite of the com for New York with 7 each. The box for all parents to insure their chil score: paratively short time which we had UKRAINIANS* CASE dren. Taking the U.N.A. as an exam for rehearsals. This play was the Frank P·nczy»zyn. ple, juvenile insurance dues are as first ever presented by a Ukrain low as 25c. monthly, and this small ian group in Washington. The Bal HAMTRAMCK TROUNCES UKADETS contribution bu¾s insurance of up timore and Washington audience Editor Democrat and Chronicle: to $500. Upon reaching the age of Now that war aims are being In the opening game of the series, was kept in a continuous good hu played at Hamtramck High School 18, the child holding this certificate mor by the amusing incidents in discussed (based upon the assump tion that democracy emerges tri gym on Feb. 7th. Hamtramck defeat may transfer to the Adult Depart this comedy. ed the Ukadets club of Detroit, 6¾— ment, where he receives (if he so umphant out of the present diff- A fine welcome address was 32. Bill Sharon. Micbt¾J Pidpery- desires) a whole life $1000 certi order), I think it appropriate and hora, and Walter Marfechuk (cored ficate on which the first year's given in Ukrainian by our Presi expedient now to set forth the case dent. Mr. Harry Kany of Auburn, 18, 15, and 14 points respectively dues are free. Such are the bene of 45 million Ukrainians now the for the winners. Walter Kmicinski fits of juvenile U.N.A. member N. Y. Father Basil Maniowski of victims of tyranical masters. Baltimore also spoke briefly on the starred for the Ukadets U.N.A. team ship. Incidentally, after two years with 12 points. The box score: activities of the Ukrainians in the Generally 8peaking war treaties as a juvenile member, the insured of the past score of years were not Alex Kulcxycki. receives a dividend annually... nation's capital. The members of our group assisted in the dance dictated according to political, . which makes the monthly contribu program which followed the play. ethical or economic boundaries but tion of 25c. even smaller. Any rather by chauvinism and revenge. ROSSFORD BEATS CLEVELAND AND A special bus was chartered for The political aspirations of the AKRON DEFEATS LORAIN parent can easily afford such a transportation to Baltimore and small monthly contribution, which mentioned Ukrainians has been A basketball carnival was held in back to Washington. The memories constantly ignored and sidetracked Cleveland on Feb. 9th. with 4 U.N.A. may explain why so many thou of this pleasant trip and the fine sands of children are insured un during the preceding two decades. teams, namely Cleveland, Rossford, hospitality of the Baltimore Uk Lorain, and** Akron participating. der this particular plan. rainians will remain with us a Relativel»y few people knew (ex Of course, the U.N.A. issues Rossford defeated Cleveland in a long time. The evening spent at cept those of Slavic extraction) close battle, 36—23. D. Kornowa other dividend-earning certificates. St. Michaels Hall must certainly that a Ukrainian Republic actually and P. Komowa starred for the win There is the $100 16-year endow have brought back pleasant mem existed, but for such a very short ners with 13 and 12 points respect ment certificate, the mbnthly con ories of similar ocassions in our time. However at that time a com ively, while G. Horosko took scoring tribution being 50c. per each $100, respective communities. bination of brutal powers and un laurels for Cleveland with і%¡ The that has become so popular in re- scrupulous opportunists success box score: cent years. The rule is that the PETER OLISZUK fully dismembered that ephemeral * Nicholas Bobecxko. child can be insured for as many republic. Such a fait accompli (di- hundreds of dollars as it has years, 7) from a Teachers College on my solution of the Ukrainian state) ROSSFORD SPORTS CARNIVAL except that betweep the ages of 4 first-string eleven. (The other four might have been prevented had the and 9, the amount of insurance were picked for the reserve list). diplomats of France and Britain On February 23 rd Rossford will <·an not exceed $400. Another plan That was the only player 1 selected hold a carnival, which will. feature (mostly Franc·e) a little more poli bowling, basketball and dancing. provides whole life insurance with i«»r my entire first team from a so- tical acumen and foresight. called "lesser" c< »liege. Mr.* Yarem The bowling team will meet the dues payable up to 70 years of age. Intervention at that time might Detroit Ukadets bowlers at .1:00 P M. The contribution on this certificate ko's first team, mind you. had players 4 from such institutions as the Case and would have reaped a mutual and the basketball team will play a is 50c. monthly, and it provides benefit for both nations. The double-header against the Detroit for up to $400 in benefits. Both School of Applied Science. ·Moravian, and F. & .M. French would have acquired a for Ukadets and the Akron U.N A. at the endowment and whole life midable democratic ally, the Uk 3:00 P. M. in the Rossford High Finally, I with to in>form the read School Gym. -juvenile plans also provide for er* that Mr. Yaremko had nothing rainians acquiring much needed paid up and extended insurance whataoeTer to do with any of my Following the basketball games credits and technical equipment there will be a supper in the Ukrainian after three years, and cash sur Ukrainian All-American ·election* at and advisors. render after ten years. any time. Hall for all the visitors, and after the Undoubtedly now some will ques- supper a semi-formal dance lasting The statement he makes *TAi·UJthis With the cost of U.N.A. juvenile ¦ tion outright the statement that from 8:3o to mid·night. insurance so small, there is no mind you, he directs to ornr^ who Everyone is welcome,, especially heir<*d him get started wjth his c<»m the Ukrainians would have adopted reason why all Ukrainian-American a democratic form of ru*ing them out-of-towners. children should not become mem pilations In 1936 by giving him the names of Kuzman. Knia¿, Mizen. selves. Ukrainian students and in bers. We urge all interested read Muha, Skoropowsk¡ and others" is tellectuals have constantly ex ers to write for further informa (Sport news Is concluded utterly untrue. 1 wonder where he pressed their dissatisfaction and tion on this subject. in Svoboda) ever got that idea' j antipathy toward their foreign Dietric SI о bog in masters during the past twenty years. In time these agitators would form the nucleus of any ІіТТЙПО THE EDITOR NEW YORK CITY resurrected Ukrainian state. Demo Madame Xenia Vassenko — Sponsored by the — cratic feeling was and is an in from Moscow Opera House THE UKRAINIAN ALL-AMERICAN grained trait among Ukrainians Teacher of Count··· Olga