National Parks are established to preserve for all time, scenic beauty, wilderness, native wildlife, indigenous life and areas of scientific and historical importance, and to provide for the appreciation and enjoyment of those things by you in such a manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the future.

CONTENTS PAGE

HISTORY 2 AREA & CLIMATE 4 GEOLOGY & SOILS 4 THE CAVES 5 VEGETATION 6 FAUNA 8 DISPLAY OF NATIVE ANIMALS 12 APPENDIX I - PLANT LIST 13 APPENDIX II - MAMMAL LIST 16 APPENDIX III - BIRD LIST 17 APPENDIX IV -AMPHIBIANS & REPTILES LIST 20

Cover Photo: ~'Jewel City", Crystal Cave

NATIONAL PARKS AUTHORITY HACKETT DRIVE, NEDLANDS , 6009 TELEPHONE: 386 8811 During 1930, Philanthropist Sir Charles McNess made a grant of £11,600 for the alleviation of distress and this act of benevolence, along with the good management of the State Gardens Board, saw the commencement of major develop­ ments in the Reserve. Later on, Sir Charles was to make further grants to the State and continued to benefit. Among works undertaken in 1931 were:- * The sealed road extended from Wanneroo * A contour survey of the Reserve completed * A single wire telephone connected * Reclamation and ramping of the Lake foreshore * Power and water supplies reticulated * Internal road and pathways constructed * Crystal Cave fitted with electric lights * Children's playground set up near caves house * Locations 626 and 422 acquired for inclusion in the Reserve "Crvs1al Poof" in the ear!v da vs. On December 20, 1931, a Grand For centuries prior to European With the realization that the area was Opening of the Reserve was held and settlement, Aborigines extensively quite attractive, the·Government saw Yanchep commenced to become the used the wooded wetlands of the fit to reserve 5640 acres (2283 ha) of well known recreation park that Yanchep area to hunt, camp and the district which enclosed the lake Western Australian's now know. meet for periodical corroborees. The arid flats approximately 8 km long, huge Tuart trees and limestone for the "Protection and Preservation During the depression years of the caverns in the district provided them of Caves and Flora and for a Health 'thirties', sustenance workers were with excellent shelter and protection. and Recreation Pleasure Resort". employed on road construction, the The res.erve No. 9868 was vested in dredging of Lake Yanchep and the The name Yanchep is derived from the native name Yanget, applied to the Caves Board in August 1905. bullrush Typha orientalis which "Tram " couage. of the 'thirties'. grows prolifically in many south­ During the succeeding years that the west swamps and is abundant in the Caves Board functioned, efforts were lakes of the district. made to develop Yanchep but owing to distances and sand track The area was first visited by conditions, it was without success. Europeans in 1834 when John Butler The Board was dissolved in 1910 and searched for stray cattle 53 km north the newly formed Immigration, of and recorded the lakes and Tourist and General Information an abundance of game. Then four Department took over. years later, Lt. George Grey explored the area and reported the existence of In 1912, there was yet another some "remarkable" caves. change, in that the State Hotels In the period 1899-1902, the first Department was formed and it actual settler, Henry White, built and. absorbed the Tourist Section of the took up residence in a cottage Immigration and General opposite Lake Yonderup adjacent to Information Department. The State the south end of Lake Yanchep. Just Hotels Department continued to prior to and during 1903, most of the manage Yanchep under serious major caves in the area were disadvantages until 1931 when the explored, named and recorded and State Gardens Board with Mr. L.E. Henry White was made Honorary Shapcott as Chairman, assumed caretaker/ guide. control.

2 caves during the same year and The late sixties and early seventies,· excavation in Yonderup Cave whilst not realizing many new unearthed a human skull and facilities, saw Yanchep National assorted animal bones. Park become the training centre for many new Rangers who were World War II (1942) saw the need for employed to cope with the Board's armed services occupation in the acquisition (in that period) of Reserve and the R.A.A.F. took over additional new Parks and Reserves the Yanchep Inn and the Gloucester throughout the State. Lodge. The Army also established facilities. For the duration of the In 1976, administrative changes were War, Yanchep was run by a again instigated and the National Superintendent, a mechanic and a Parks Board became as it is today, groundsman. After the War, and the National Parks Authority. In the following the withdrawal of same year, from Government Grants, servicemen, eight extra staff were came the construction of a modern taken on, some of these being housed walk-through enclosure for the in the tram bungalows. Koalas. Rewiring and lighting of the Crystal and Yonderup Caves offset A new colony of Koalas was re­ the unfortunate closure of Gloucester established at Yanchep in 1948, (the Lodge for health and structural previous group having perished prior reasons. The magnificent Lodge to 1940) and immediately became a building was not lost however and major attraction at the reserve once Gloucester Lodge. after extensive renovations and the agam. collection of district artefacts, the erection of various residential In 1949, recognition was given to Sir Wanneroo Shire took over the facilities . McNess Hostel George Grey's first recording of the building and opened the Gloucester (incorporating the original Caves Yanchep Caves by the dedication ofa Lodge Museum. House), the swimming pool and a plaque in the reserve near Crystal Yanchep National Park is the most number of roads were completed in Caves. The Reserve was also patronised of all Western Australia's 1932. provided with a new facility that National Parks. Local, Interstate and year; tpe launch "Eleanor" in which overseas visitors nearly always make The works continued and in 1933, the thousands of visitors over the next 13 Lodge (in the following year to be a point of visiting the Park to see the years enjoyed scenic trips around the only Koala colony in the State, renamed Gloucester Lodge after a beautiful Loch McNess. visit by the Duke of Gloucester) was experience the magnificent built. Further accommodation in the wildflowers in season, and tour the On April 13th, 1956, the State ancient limestone caves. Reserve was provided with the Gardens Board became the National placement of eight tramway units as Parks Board and this resulted in the On the 20th December, 1981 , cottages near Boomerang Gorge. strengthening of the conservation Yanchep National Park celebrated These were also used as accommo­ policy and a general review of all an official 50 years as one of the dation for sustenance workers. management procedures. The State's most popular environmental, historical and recreational establish­ In 1935, Lake Yanchep was renamed following year, construction of six as "Loch McNess" in honour of Sir staff houses, a machinery shed, ments. Charles McNess's contribution to the change rooms and a plant nursery To commemorate the event in the Reserve's development. A further were necessary in Yanchep to keep "International Year of Disabled highlight of that year was the abreast of the visitor and main­ Persons", the "Boomerang Gorge inauguration of a bus service to tenance requirements of the ever Disabled Persons Nature Trail and Yanchep from Perth. popular reserve. Shelter" was opened by the Premier The famed Yanchep Inn, a hotel Four years passed with the of Western Australia, the Honourable having English style character and popularity of Yanchep's environ­ Sir Charles Court. ment and facilities catering to many sumptuous accommodation, was Launch ·-oa isv·· Loch McNess. completed in 1936 for a total cost of of Perth's families and overseas £15,828.1.11, and further visitors. A nine-hole golf course was constructed and opened in 1961, with development continued with the the commissioning of a new launch joining by tunnel of the Bebo Moro the "Miss Yanchep" in the following and Mambibby caves. year. Although Koalas became extinct in Western Australia long before the · The year 1969 was rather an coming of the white man, a colony of important one for Yanchep in that it eastern state's animals were first was finally given full status and introduced to Yanchep in 1938 where proclaimed a National Park. This in they became a major attraction to year also saw the reconstruction of a all Yanchep visitors. The reserve new swimming pool inside the recorded its I 00,000th visitor to the original pool's structure. To the west of these sands lies the (less than 6000 years) windblown Area and Spearwood Dune System. This sands which are not yet fully leached. deposit consists of yellow sandy soils These latter dune systems occur near Climate still rich in iron, but from which the the coast and are only partly lime has been leached, and vegetated. Yanchep National Park is roughly redeposited at depth, cementing the triangular in shape, 8.4 km long by sand into limestone. The bedding of Yanchep National Park is located on 4.1 km wide at its northern end, and the original sand dunes is still visible the Spearwood Dune System and covers an area of 2799 hectares. The in the limestone and is known as contains extensive outcrops of Park has an altitudinal range from Cross-bedding. The slow movement limestone and areas of yellow and about 6m above sea level to 88m of water through the rock over white sandy soils. It has been above sea level. thousands of years has caused the suggested that Loch McNess is a solution of calcium carbonate from water filled, collapsed, underground The climate of Yanchep is not unlike the limestone and has resulted in cavern or series of caverns. It may that of the Perth area in that it has an extensive cave formations. however, just be a pool f9rmed in average daily maximum temperature The western-most deposit, the depressions between adjacent, now of about 24° C, and an average daily consolidated and vegetated sand minimum of 13° C. Quindalup System is rich both in iron and lime and represents very recent dunes. Rainfall is about 700 mm (28 inches) with about 120 raindays per year. Winds are predominantly from the north-west and west in winter and from the east in summer with afternoon cool south-westerly sea breezes.

Geology and Soils To the geologist, the Swan Coastal Plain on which Yanchep is situated, is the surface expression of a small part of the Perth Basin, a long and narrow trough of sediments extending for nearly 1000 km from the southern end of the Carnarvon Basin to the south coast east of Cape Leeuwin. The Perth Basin is a deep sedimentary trough bounded on the east by a great rift in the earth's surface, the Darling Fault. In the 'The Beast of Burden ' crystal cave. Basin, the oldest marine sediments are of Permian Age (280-225 million Limestone cavern at rhe surface of Boomerang Gorge - Pharo J. Humer. years before the present time) and are known to outcrop at the surface in the Irwin River District south of Gerald ton. The uppermost (and youngest) of the sedimentary deposits in the Yanchep area, from east to west, the Bassen­ dean, Spearwood and Quindalup Dune System. All are believed to be less than about I million years old. The present day structure of the land surface, and the vegetation, reflects these three systems. The eastern most Bassendean System, consists of white, sandy quartz soils leached of calcium carbonate (sometimes known as lime) and iron, and containing very few other nutrients.

4 gradually bluish-purple, then pink and finally white. The pink and white forms have lost their ability to return to brown forms even with a change in diet and have also undergone other alterations, such as modification to the eyes and loss of hairs and bristles from their bodies. That is, they have begun to show irreversible changes to their anatomy and physiology; living examples of the process of evolution. There are also several species of spiders, pseudoscorpion, cockroach and springtail known to live in the caves, and which show adaptations to a cave existence. Bats also roost in some of the caves which are rarely visited. Cave Fossil Deposits Many caves within Yanchep National Park have fossil deposits which contain the remains of grey kangaroo, brush kangaroo and Various cave formations. tammar. There are also bones of dalgite (Macrotis /agotis, Boodie Crystal Cave shows fine examples of Bettongia /esueri), Quokka (Setonix active stalactites (hang "tight" to brachyurus) and Native Cat ceiling) and stalagmites ("might" (Dasyurus goeffroi). grow up from the floor). Examples of helictites (grow randomly), flow­ Bones of the Tasmanian Devil stone, shawls and other cave (Sarcophi/us harrisii), Thylacine or formations are also present. Tasmanian Tiger (Thy lacinus Beautiful reflections are seen in the cyanocephalus), Koala (Phasco­ main grotto when it is wet. An larctos cinereus) and Ghost Bat underground stream occupies most (Macroderma gigas) have also been of the floor in this section but the found. There are also some remains level of water varies with climatic of the now extinct Pliestocene conditions. mammals which roamed the South West thousands of years ago, for Crystal Cave is a "stream cave" and example the 2.5 m high kangaroo has a predominantly horizontal, Sthenurus. Trunkated columns above a ·cave stream. tubular shape resulting from removal of calcium carbonate by flowing Ca ve Gilgie - Photo B. Muir. groundwater. The Park also contains The structure and bedding of the some "solution tube" caves, resulting limestones are visible in many parts from erosion and solution of the park, particularly in downwards through cracks in the Boomerang Gorge. The caves are one rock or along tree . This type of of the most interesting features of the cave development results in almost limestone and vary from small holes vertical pipes, some examples of to quite large cave systems which are seen in the Crystal Cave containing caverns, streams and entrance chamber. pools. Over a hundred caves are recorded from the Park and several Cave Fauna have at one time been open to Pale coloured gilgies live in the tourists. However, because of natural underground waters of the caves. The changes resulting from erosion of the normal brown coloured animals live limestone, and other causes, some in the Lake and surface swamps, but have been declared unsafe and closed lose colour gradually as they are to visitors. Others are safe, but isolated in the caves and lose the meat require extensive maintenance and \ component of their diet. In the caves limited funds has forced their they eat almost entirely plant roots closure. At present, only Crystal and which grow down to the available Yonderup Caves are open to the water. public. With isolation the gilgies become

5 Vegetation The vegetation of Yanchep National Park is typical of that of large areas of coastal plain to the north of Perth, and contains examples of several of the vegetation types to be found along the west coast. It is an area in which the tuart (Eu calyptus gomphocephala), jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and marri (Eucalyptus calophylla) are the principal tree species. Here they are associated with a characteristic set of smaller trees and shrubs, and together they occupy a large part of the western section of the park. There is in addition a considerable extent of heath vegetation, mainly in the northern and eastern sections. Here the large eucalypts are missing, being replaced by the smaller gnarled prickle blackbutt (Eucalyptus todtiana) and by species of . The lakes and swamps which stretch in a chain almost the whole length of the park, support a characteristic suite of plant species mostly paperbarks, while the coastal areas carry a heath vegetation which is different from that of the eastern portion of the park. Tuart association The tuart areas of the Yanchep National Park are characteristic of , the northernmost section of its distribution. Here the typical forest of the Busselton-Bunbury area has Tuan 1rees in Boomerang Gorge - Pho10 J. Humer.

Menzies Banksia - Pho10 8. Muir. lost its dense forest character, and the Jarrah-Marri association tuart itself ceases to be the principal The jarrah occurs principally in the species. Jarrah and marri are just as western half of the park, and is common and in certain areas form scattered amongst the tuart areas. It pure stands to the exclusion of tuart. is usually associated with marri, and In addition the shrub layer is much the two trees together form the more dense than it is in the true forest characteristic dominant tree layer of areas to the south, and consists of a this association. larger number of species. The smaller trees which are most In a few isolated localities, numerous in the jarrah country are particularly to the west of the chain species of banksia, bull banksia, of swamps, tuart occurs in an almost Menzies banksia and the narrow­ pure stand with very little leaved banksia. A few sheoaks undergrowth. However for the (Casuarina spp.) are to be seen in greater part it is associated with a isolated areas, while black wattle large number of shrubs. Bull banksia (A cacia saligna) and stinkwood are (Banksia grandis) is common locally abundant. particularly near the swamps, while Menzies banksia (Banksia menziesi1) Banksia Association and narrow-leaved banksia (Banksia The banksia-scrub is in most respects attenuata) occur widely. intermediate in character between

6 the scrub heath and the jarrah-marri areas. It occurs in both the stony limestone soils and in the sands, and is interspersed among the jarrah and tuart areas, extending eastwards to merge into the treeless scrub formation. The Menzies and narrow-leaved are the most abundant in these areas but there are also occasional specimens of christmas tree (Nuytsia jloribunda), prickle bark a gnarled straggling eucalypt with a short trunk and dense drooping crown, sheoak and corkwood (Gyrostemon ramulosus), a thick-barked tree with narrow bright green foliage, and pale coloured branches and branchlets. Morrison, a flowering shrub of the Swan coastal plain - Photo A.G. Wells. The smaller shrubs are those of the true scrub association, and like it, the banksia areas provide a wealth of during the spring months. Beneath these is a ground cover of several other shrubs and herbs, particularly the yellow­ flowered native buttercup, native pelargonium (Pelargonium capita­ tum) and blackboy, Native wistaria with its masses of blue flowers is a frequent climber over other shrubs. At the edge of the water and sometimes extending across the swamp are the cultivation rush (Juncus pallidus) and its many related species with round pithy stems and , together with the flat rigid-leaved Lepidosperma gladiatum, the sword rush, and yanget or bullrush (Typha orient a/is,) The individual shrub species which make up the vegetation of Yanchep National Park are poorly known. One-sided bottlebrush. The descriptions of the vegetation presented above give the most common trees and other spectacular species but many of the smaller and seasonal plants are as yet unlisted. An interim list of known flora is presented in Appendix I, and it includes 152 species representing 47 families. The most species are found in the families Cyperaoeae (sedges and rushes)with 19species, Fabaceae (pea flowered plants) 14, Myrtaceae (myrtles and eucalypts) 10 and Proteaceae (Banksias, Dryandras and related genera) with 18.

Purple Flags - Photo A.G. Wells.

7 Fauna Mammals Grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) are quite common at Yanchep and may be seen feeding on the ovals in the early morning or late evening. Some have become so common, visitors to the lake edge must protect their picnic lunches from furred freeloaders. Away from the picnic areas they mostly inhabit the heathy country. Brush Wallaby (Macropus irma) is common in the Park but being a shy animal it rarely enters the tourist facilities area. They usually move singly or in pairs, unlike the Grey Kangaroo, which may form herds of up to 50 individuals. Possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) are also present, but seldom seen because of their nocturnal habits. - Photo A.G. Wells. Other species recently recorded from Southwestern Pigmy Possum - Photo A.G. Wells. the Park are South-western Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus . concinnus), Honey Possum (Tarsipes spencerae), Quenda or Short-nosed Bandicoot (lsoodon obesulus), Chudich or Native Cat (Dasyurus geoffroil), Southern Bush-Rat (Rattus fuscipes), Black Rat (Rattus, rattus), House Mouse (Mus musculus), Gould's Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii), Chocolate Bat (Chalinolo­ bus morio), Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), Ferret (Mustela putorius), Domestic Cat (Fe/is catus), European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Echidna (Tachy­ glassus aculeatus). Of these species, six are introduced (Black Rat, House Mouse, Fox, Ferret, Cat and Rabbit). Appendix II gives an annotated list and other information on the mammals, both past and present, found in Yanchep National Park. Birds The first published account of the birds of Yanchep was from the pen of A.J. Milligan, honorary consulting ornithologist to the Western Australian Museum. He visited the area in 1903 and drew attention to the abundance of ducks, wild turkeys and emus. Water fowl of various types are still quite plentiful, but unfortunately the turkeys and the emus are now scarce.

8 Major groups of birds recorded from the Park include Grebes, Pelicans, Cormorants, Egrets, Herons, Ducks, Hawks, Waders, Gulls, Parrots, Cuckoos, Owls, Kingfishers, Swallows, Warblers, Wrens, Robins, -peckers, Honeyeaters, Butcher birds and Crows. An annotated list of species known to occur in the Park is in Appendix III. Some particularly common groups are discussed below.

DUCKS - Several species of ducks visit the Loch including the black duck (Anas superciliosa), the grey teal (A. gibberifrons), the blue­ winged shoveller (A. rhynchotis), the white-eyed duck (Aythya australis) and the blue-billed duck (Oxyura Australian Darter - Photo A.G. Wells. australis). This bird is an adept diver and is distinguished by its chestnut plumage and bright blue bill. The musk duck (Biziura lobata) is another common species. PARROTS - The commonest parrots in the areas include the twenty-eight (Barnardius zonarius) and the red-capped parrot or king parrot (Purpureicephalus spurius). Flocks of the purple-crowned lorikeets (Glossopsitta porphyro­ cephala) screech in the tree tops when the eucalypts are in flower but are not permanent residents in the park. The noisiest birds at Yanchep are the white-tailed black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus baudini) which are sometimes present in large flocks. Describing these birds in 1903, the late A.W. Milligan wrote, "One flock of the latter I estimated at 2,000 birds. Their querulous voices became, after a time, most irritating". This species of cockatoo is found Blue-winged Shoveller - Pharo A.G. Wells. only in south-western Australia but is widely distributed throughout the forest area. THORNBILLS OR TITS - The brown thornbill (Acanthiza pusilla) is one of the commonest of the small birds to be found in the bush. The yellow-tailed thornbill A. chrysorrhoa) is distinguished by the canary yellow rump and light spots on the forehead. The spotted scrub­ wren (Sericornis maculatas) inhabits the denser thickets.

Banded Landrail - Ph oto A. G. Wells.

9 FLOWER PECKERS AND DIAMOND BIRDS - One of the smallest and most brilliantly coloured Australian birds is the mistletoe bird or flower pecker Dicaeum hirundinaceum). It feeds upon mistletoe berries and is instrumental in spreading the parasite (mistletoe) from tree to tree. Two species of diamond birds may be seen, the spotted diamond bird (Pardalotus punctatus) and the red­ tipped diamond bird (P. substriatus). HONEYEATERS - The largest and noisiest honeyeaters seen in the park are the wattle birds. The red wattle bird (Anthochaera carun­ culata), so called because of the red fleshy wattle on the side of the head, is about the size of a small dove and Rainbow Bee Eater - Photo A.G. Wells. has a hoarse coughing note. In company with the little wattle bird (A. chrysoptera) it is a frequent visitor to flowering plants, particularly banksias. MAGPIES, SQUEAKERS AND BUTCHER BIRDS - The squeaker (Strepera vesicolor) is seen infrequently at Yanchep but its loud clanging call can sometimes be heard. The grey butcher bird (Cracticus torquatus) is one of the finest songsters in the Australian bush, and unlike many local birds it calls strongly in the spring and autumn. The magpie (Gymnorhina dorsalis) is one of our commonest and best known birds, but few people realise that the Western Australian bird differs from the species found in eastern Australia. CROWS AND RAVENS - The so­ called crow, which is a common scavenger at all the picnic spots at Yanchep, is really a raven (Corvus Golden Wh istler - Photo A.G. Wells. coronoides). The raven can be distinguished from the true crow (C. cecilae), which occurs further north, by the fact that the throat feathers or hackles are longer in the raven and that the bases of the body feathers are dusky in the raven and white in the crow.

Sacred Kingfisher - Photo A.G. Wells.

10 Western Green Tree Frog - Ph oto A.G. Wells.

Reptiles and Relatives The Northern Coastal Plain is known to contain 70 species of reptile, frog and tortoise distributed among eleven families. Six front-fanged snakes, a python, 9 skinks, 4 legless lizards, 4 geckos, 1 tortoise, 2 tree frogs and 3 ground frogs have confirmed records from within the Park boundary. In addition to the above, 3 front fanged snakes, 2 goannas, 2 skinks, 1 dragon, 1 legless lizard, 1 gecko and I ground frog have been recorded close to, but not within the National Park, although it is likely that with further study these species will also be found at Yanchep. An annotated list of the reptile species is given in Appendix IV on page 20.

Tiger Snake - Photo A.G. Wells.

11 Display of Native Animals The National Parks Authority does not consider itself to have the function of a zoo and so whj':rever possible, animals roam free amongst the visitors. However, some fauna in enclosures have by circumstance, become part of the Yanchep National Park attraction and are maintained for your enjoyment. Koalas Koalas are an outstanding attraction Koala at Yanchep and are displayed in large enclosures in very natural surroundings. Breeding stock is from Queensland and Victoria although Koalas once lived in the Yanchep area, their bones being found in fossil deposits in some of the caves. Thousands of eucalypt trees of several species have been planted in the Park to provide the Koalas with suitable food. Kangaroos Whilst Kangaroos are common in the Park, one or two are kept on display in the Koala enclosures. Emus Wild Emus still roam and breed within the Park, but most visitors must be content to view a captive Emu when one is available, within the Koala enclosures. Western Grey Kangaroo - Photo Index. Emu and chicks in park enclosure - Photo Index.

. . ~-·.· .. · -.:~-4.,_ · APPENDIX I PLANTS

Habitat types are: aquatic A DILLENIACEAE lake margins L Hibbertia tuart woodland T hypericoides native buttercup T,J,B,S,H jarrah woodland J H. racemosa T,S,H banksia woodland B shrublands s DROSERACEAE heath H Drosera erythrorhiza sundew B,S,H

PTERIDOPHYTA (ferns) Azolla filiculoides water fern A Cheilanthes tenuifolia rock fern L,T Pteridium esculentum bracken L,T

CYCADACEAE (cycads) Macrozamia riedlei zamia palm T,J,B,S,H

Flowering Plants AIZOACEAE Carpobrotus aequilaterus pigface H APIACEAE Apium australe sea celery T Centella asiatica ? Trachymene caerulea blue lace flower T,S ASTERACEAE Cotula coronopifolia · water buttons L Embergeria megalocarpa ? Olearia axillaris coastal daisy bush T,B,S,H Senecio aff lautus L,T,S,H CASUARINACEAE Casuarina fraserina frasers sheoak J C. humifis B,S,H CHENOPODIACEAE Rhagodia preissii T,J,B,H CYPERACEAE Carex appressa L C. f ascicularis L Cladium Pink Rainbow Sundew - Photo A.G. Wells. arthrophyllum L Cyperus tenuijlorus L Gahnia trifida L Lepidosperma drummondii L,T L. gladiatum sword rush L L. longitudinale L,T Machaerina articulata jointed rush L M. juncea L EPACRIDACEAE M. laxa L Conostephium Mesomelaena pendulum B,S,H uncinata B,H C. preissii B,S,H Schoenus andrewsii L Leucopogon S. indutus L parvijtorus S,H S. rodwayanus L L. preissii B,S,H S. unispiculatis L Scirpus cernuus L EUPHORBIACEAE S. nodosus knotted club rush L Phyllf!nthus S. validus L,T calycmus false boronia B,T,S,H

13 FABACEAE MIMOSACEAE Bossiaea eriocarpa B,S,H Acacia cyanophylla blue wattle T,S Gornpholobium A. pulchella prickly moses T,J,B,S,H capita tum B,S,H A. rostellifera s Hardenbergia A. truncata s comptoniana native wisteria L,T,J,S Hovea pungens prickly hovea B,S,H MYOPORECEAE H. trisperma common hovea T,S,H Myoporum insulare booialla T Jsotropis cuneatus granny's bonnet B,H M. (etrandrum ? Jacksonia furcellata stinkwood B,H J. horrida B,H MYRTACEAE J. sternbergiana weeping stinkwood T Calothamnus Kennedia prostrata red runner T,S,H quadrifis onesided bottlebrush B,H Oxylobium capitatum H C. sanguineus B,H Psoralia pinnata ? Calytrix flavescens yellow calytrix B Templetonia retusa cockies tongues T,S,H Eucalyptus Viminaria denudata golden spray B,T,S,H gomphocephala tuart T E. rudis flooded gum L E. todtiana prickle bark B GERNIACEAE Melaleuca acerosa S,H Geranium molle wild geranium H M. huegelii chenille honeymyrtle s Pelargonium M. raphiophylla pape~bark L capitatum coastal pelargonium T Verticordia nitens mornson H GOODNIACEAE ONAGRACEAE Dampiera trigona ? Ep_ilobium Lechenaultia billardierianum ? lineraroides B,H Scaevola crassifolia T,S,H ORCHIDACEAE S. nitida H Caladenia flava cowslip orchid B,H Diuris pauciflora H Pterostvlis vittata banded greenhood B,H cats paw B,H Thelymitra pauciflora ,slender sun orchid H A. manglesii red & green kangaroo paw H PHYTOLACCACEAE Conostylis aculeata cottonheads B,H Gyrostemon C. candicans J ramulosus corkwood B HALORAGACEAE POACEAE Haloragis brownii ? Amphipogon debilis B,H Arundo donax IRADACEAE var. versicolor B,H Patersonia Cortaderia argentia ? occidentale purple flags H Cynodon dactylon couch grass L Holcus lanatus ? JUNCACEAE Paspalum dilatatum L Juncus bufonius L Polypogon J. capitatus L monspeliensis L J. pallidus L Sporobolus J. planifolius L actinocladus L POLYGALACEAE LAMIACEAE Comesperma Hemiandra pungens snake bush T virgatum S,H LAURACEAE Cassytha racemosa dodder H Cowslip Orchid - Photo A.G. Wells. LEMNACEAE Lemna minor duckweed A Spirodela oligorrhiza A LILACEAE Burchardia umbellata milkmaids B,H Dianella revoluta flax lily L,T,J,B, S,H Sowerbaea laxiflora vanilla lily B,S,H Thysanotus patersonii twining fringe lily B,T,H Wurmbaea dioica early nancy H LOBELIACEAE Isotoma hypocrateriformis woodbridge poison H LOGANIACEAE Logania vagina/is s LORANTHACEAE Nuytsia floribunda christmas tree B,S MULVAECEAE Alyogyne huegelii T

14 POLYGONACEAE Polygonum serrulatum ? PROTEACEAE Banksia attenuata narrow banksia T,B,H B. grandis bull banksia T,J B. /ittora/is swamp banksia T,L B. menziesii menzies banksia T,B,H Conosperum stoechadis common smokebush H C. trip/inervum tree smokebush S,H Dryandra nivea couch honey pot B,H D. sessilis parrot bush T,B,S Grevi/lea thelemanniana spider net grevillea T,J,B,S,H Hakea costata T,S,H H. lissocarpha B,S,H H. prostrata B,S,H H. ruscifolia S,H A. trifurcata t,s, Petrophile serruriae B,S,H P. ajf. shuttleworthiana B,H P. /inearis H Stir/ingia latifolia blue boy H RANUNCULACEAE Clematis microphylla clematis T,H Ranunculus lappaceus L RESTIONACEAE I..epyrodia muirii L Loxocarya flexuosa S,H RHAMNACEAE Melaleuca Lateritia - Photo B. Muir. Spyridium globulosum T Tryma/ium ledifo/ium L,T,S T. spathulatum L,T,S RUTACEAE Phebalium anceps ? SCHEU CHZERIACEAE Trigolochin procera water ribbon A T. striata A SOLANACEAE Solanum sodomeum B STYLIDIACEAE Sty/idium brunonianum trigger plant B,H TYHPHACEAE Typha domingensis bulrush A,L T. orienta/is bulrush A,L VIOLACEAE Hybanthus ca/ycinus B,H XANTHORRHOAECEAE Acanthocarpus preissii B,H Xanthorrhoea preissii blackboy T,J,B,S

Swan River Myrtle - PHoto A.G. Wells.

15 APPENDIX II MAMMALS

ECHIDNA dark grey or yellowish brown, upper shoulders, brownish posterior part, Tachyglossus aculeatus surfaces of fore-feet greyish or prominent lobe of skin joining ear to Recognised by body covered in brownish. Scarce and becoming less edge of lip. Widely distributed on spines, and long naked tube-like common with · progressive develop­ coastal plain. Recorded within :park. ment along the Swan Coastal Plain. snout. Not common on the Swan CHOCOLATE BAT Coastal Plain. Not positively Recorded from within Yanchep Park. · · Chalinolobus morio identified from Park but scratchings Brown and small, small inconspi­ and diggings believed to be echidna WESTERN NATIVE CAT cuous lobe at corner of lip, may have have been sighted. Dasyurus geoffroii ridge of fur across snout in front of WESTERN GREY KANGAROO Size of small cat but of elongated eyes, ears too short to meet above Macropl,JS fuliginosus shape, reddish brown with white head when pressed together. Widely Light grey-brown, travels with fore­ spots. No spots on tail. Very scarce distributed on coastal plain. quarters low, head high and tail and displayed by development along Recorded within Park. the Swan Coastal Plain. Recorded curved upwards. Males with strong Introduced Mammals smell. Very common. Abundant from within Park, and propably The following mammals introduced within Park and move freely breeds there. by man have become established in amongst visitors on Lake front and SOUTHERN BUSH-RAT the Park. All efforts are made to on ovals during the late afternoon. Rattus fuscipes eradicate them, but there is constant BRUSH WALLABY Brown, long guard hairs give the recruitment from developed areas Macropus irma animals a fluffy appearance, tail and adjacent bushland outside the Distinct white face-stripe and black length equal to or shorter than head Park. and body. Widely distributed in and white ears, hands and feet black, BLACK RAT coastal country of the south-west tail .crested with black hair. Rattus rattus Common. Mostly sighted as single from Jurien Bay to Israelite Bay. Common in Park, mostly near edge HOUSE MOUSE animals or sometimes in twos. Shy Mus musculus and not frequently seen. Recorded of Lake. within Park. ASHEY-GREY MOUSE FOX Pseudomys albocinereus Vulpes vulpes BRUSH-TAILED POSSUM Trichosurus vulpecula Size of mouse, grey with lighter FERRET underparts, soft fur, feet pink in life, Colour black to grey, about the size Mustela putorius white in death, tail slightly longer of a cat. Not common but probably A single animal collected from within than head and body, tail with white widespread. There are indications the Park in 1977. Probably an hair with occasional dark patches on that they have a preference for individual released by a member of upper surface towards body. Widely undisturbed areas near to habitation. the public. Unlikely to become distributed in coastal sandplain Occasionally reported entering established. heath from Kalbarri to Israelite Bay buildings within the Park. and in sandplain country in the DOMESTIC CAT SOUTH-WESTERN PYGMY inland south-west. Not recorded Felis catus POSSUM within Park but almost certainly EUROPEAN RABBIT Cercartetus concinnus occurs there. Oryctolagus cuniculus Size of mouse, prehensile tail, upper GOULD'S WATTLED BAT body grey brown, belly white. Not Chalinolobus gouldii common but probably widespread in Dark mantle across head and heathy country. Recorded from Goulds Wattled Bar - Pharo A.G. Wells. within Park. HONEY POSSUM Tarsipes spencerae Mouse-sized, long pointed nose, three stripes along back. Common and widespread throughout . woodlands and Banksia country. Often found floating in Yanchep swimming pool, into which they fall while feeding on flowering tuart trees nearby. SHORT-NOSED BANDICOOT Jsoodon ob.esulus Size of large rat, ear rounded, back

16 APPENDIX Ill BIRDS

The common and proper names and the order of Blue-billed Duck Oxyura australis V arrangement follow Slater's two volumes of "A Field Musk Duck Biziura lobata R Guide to Australian Birds" wherever possible because this t Note: This species hybridizes freely with Mallard is the reference source used by the majority of bird A. platyrhynchos in the Perth Area. watchers in the field. Family Accipitridae The present status of the birds listed in the right hand V margin using the symbols as follows:- Black-shouldered Kite Elanus notatus Square-tailed Kite Lophoictinia isura V R = Resident species throughout the year. Whistling Kite Haliastur sphenurus V M = Migrant species being regular visitors for part of the Brown Goshawk Accipiter faciatus R year. Collared Sparrowhawk A. cirrocephalus R N = Nomadic Species which are not resident but which Little Eagle Hieraaetus morphnoides R may be present at any time of the year. Wedge-tailed Eagle Aquila audax R Swamp Harrier Circus approximans R V = Vagrant species seldom visiting the park. * = Introduced. Little Marsh Bird - Photo A.G. Wells. Family Dromaiidae Emu Dromaius novaehollandiae N Family Podicipedidae Little Grebe Podiceps novaehollandiae R Hoary-headed Grebe P. poliocephalus N Great Creasted Grebe P. cristatus V Family Pelecanidae Australian Pelican Pelecanus conspicillatus N Family Phalacrocoracidae Darter Anhinga melanogaster N Black Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo V Little Black Cormorant P. sulcirostris N Pied Cormorant P. varius V Little Pied Cormorant P. melanoleucos R Family Ardeidae White-necked Heron Ardea pacifica V White-faced Heron A . novaehollandiae R White Egret Egretta alba N Nankeen Night-heron Nycticorax caledonicus R Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus R Family Threskiornithidae White Ibis Threskiornis molucca V Straw-necked Ibis T. spinicollis V Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus V Family Anatidae Black Swan Cygnus atratus R Freckled Duck Stictonetta naevosa V Mountain Duck Tadorna tadornoides N Black Duck t Anas superciliosa R Grey Teal A. gibberifrons N Blue-winged Shoveller A. rhynchotis V Garganey A. querquedula V Pink-eared Duck Malacorhynchus membranaceus V White-eyed Duck Aythya australis V Wood Duck Chenonetta jubata V

17 Family Laridae White-winged Black Tern Chiladonias leucopterus V Family Columbidae Domestic Pigeon Columba livia V* Spotted Turtledove Streptopelia chinensis N* Senegal Turtledove S. senegalensis R* Common Bronzewing Phaps chalcoptera R Creasted Pigeon Ocyphaps lophotes V Family Psittacidae Purple-crowned Lorikeet Glossopsitta porphyrocephala V White-tailed Black Calyptorhynchus Cockatoo baudinii R Long-billed Corella Cacatua tenuirostris V Galah Eolophus roseicapillus R Regent Parrot Polytelis anthopeplus V Western Rosella Platycercus icterotis V Port-Lincoln Parrot Barnardius zonarius R Redcapped Parrot Purpureicephalus spurius R Little Corella Cacatua tenurostris N Family Cuculidae Pallid Cuckoo Cuculus pallidus M Fan-tailed Cuckoo Cacomantis pyrrhophanus V Black-eared Cuckoo Chrysococcyx osculans V Horsfield Bronze Cuckoo C. basalis M Golden Bronze Cuckoo C. lucidus V

Western Spinebill - Photo A.G. Wells. Family Tytonidae Barn Owl Tyto alba R Masked Owl T novaehollandiae R Family Pandionidae Osprey Pandion haliaetus V Family Strigidae Boobook Owl .Ninox novaeseelandiae R Family Falconidae Black Falcon Falco subniger V Family Caprimulgidae Peregrine Falcon F. peregrinus V Tawny Frogmouth Podargus strigoides R Little Falcon F. longipennis V Spotted Nightjar Eurostopodus guttattus R Nankeen Kestrel F. cenchroides R Family Apodidae Brown Falcon F. berigora Forktailed Swift Apus pacificus V Family Turnicidae Family Alcedinidae Pamted Quail Turnix varia V Kookaburra Dacelo gigas R* Famil~ Rallidae Sac.red Kingfisher Halcyon sancta M Banded Land-rail Rallus philippensis V Family Meropidae Spotless Crake Porzana tabuensis R Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus M Dusky Moorhen Gallinula tenebrosa R Swamphen Porphyrio porhyrio R Family Hirundinidae Coot Fulica atra R White-backed Swallow Cheramoeca leucosternum R Family Charadriidae Welcome Swallow Hirundo neoxena R Banded Plover Vanellus tricolor V Tree Martin Petrochelidon nigricans M Family Scolopacidae Family Motacillidae Greens hank Tringa nebularia V Richard's Pipit Anthus novaeseelandiae N Common Sandpiper T hypoleucos V Family Grallinidae Family Recurvirostridae Australian Magpie Lark Grallina cyanoleuca R Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus M Banded Stilt Cladorhynchus Family Campephaquidae leucocephalus V Black-faced Coracina Red-necked A vocet Recurvirostra Cuckoo-shrike novaehollandiae R novaehollandiae M White-winged Triller La/age sueurii V

18 Family Maluridae Family Artamidae Splendid Wren Malurus splendens R Black-faced White-winged Wren M. leucopterus R Woodswallow Artamus cinerus N Dusky W oodswallow A. cyanopterus N Family Sylviidae Reed Warbler Acrocephalus australis V Family Cracticidae Little Grassbird Megalurus gramineus R Grey Butcherbird Cracticus torquatus R Rufous Songlark Cinclorhamphus White-backed Magpie Gymnorhina hypoleuca R mathewsi V Family Acanthizidae Family Corvidae Western White-tailed Raven Carrus coronoides R Warbler Gerygone f usca R Little Crow C. bennetti N Weebill Smicrornis brevirostris N Broad-tailed Thornhill Acanthiza apicalis R Yellow-tailed Thornhill A. chrysorrhoa R Western Thornhill A. inornata R Spotted Scrub Wren Sericornis frontalis R Variegated Fa irv Wren - Photo A.G. Wells. Family Muscicapidae Scarlet Robin Petroica multicolor R Red-capped Robin P. goodenovii V Hooded Robin P. cucullata V Grey Fantail Rhipidura fuliginosa R Willy Wagtail R. leucophrys R

Family Pachycephalidae Rufous Whistler Pachycephala rufiventris R Golden Whistler P. pectoralis V Grey Shrike-thrush Colluricincla harmonica R Crested Bellbird Oreoica guttaralis V

Family Neosittidae Black-capped Sittella Neositta pileata N

Family Dicaeidae Mistletoe-bird Dicaeum hirundinaceum V Spotted pardalote Pardalotus punctatus V Striated Pardalote P. substriatus R

Family Zosteropidae Silvereye Zosterops lateralis R

Family Meliphagidae White-naped Honeyeater Melithreptus lunatus N Brown Honeyeater Lichmera indistincta R Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris R Singing Honeyeater Meliphaga virescens R New Holland Phylidonyris Honeyeater novaehollandiae R White-cheeked Honeyeater P. niger N Tawny-crowned Honeyeater Gliciphila melanops N Yellow-throated Miner Manorina flavigula V Little Wattlebird Anthochaera chrysoptere R Red Wattlebird A. carunculata R Yellow-plumed Honeyeater Meliphaga ornata N

19 APPENDIX IV AMPHIBIANS & REPTILES

LEPTODACTYLIDAE - 30 mm. Grey or brown above with through eye and along flank. Orange GROUND FROGS darker mottling with a light patch on or red spots on thigh. Call a harsh Heleioporus eyrei the snout, above ea:ch shoulder and grating screech. South-western W.A. Moaning Frog at the vent. White below, spotted or around creeks and swamps; recorded marbled with black. Throughout within Park. 60 mm. Brown above, with irregular south-west of W.A. in damp areas marbling of white, grey or yellow. Litoria moorei beneath rocks, logs and debris. Not White below with some brown on Western Green Tree Frog recorded from Park but known to throat. Call a long low moan, slowly occur nearby. 85 mm. Olive to bright emerald green repeated. with large irregular . blotches of Coastal plain from Geraldton to Ranidella glaverti brown or bronze. Call a loud slow Esperance. Common in or near (previously vinia glaverti) gutteral "crawk, crawk" or shorter sandy winter swamps within Park. 20 mm. Variable grey to brown with 'crok, crok". South-west of W.A. in Limnodynastes dorsalis bands or blotches of dull colours; vegetation surrounding permanent Western Banjo Frog smooth or warty. Lower surface grey water, often active by day; recorded with black or white marbling or within Park. 70 mm. Grey, olive-brown or dark spots. Call a rattle, like a pea in a can. brown above with large dark Coastal south-west of W.A. from blotches and white or yellow stripe CHELUIDAE - SIDE-NECKED south of Carnarvon to Albany. from snout to vent, along the TORTOISES Marshy areas with saturated backbone. White or yellow below. vegetation; recorded within Park. Chelodina oblonga Patch of red in groin. Call a series of Long-necked Tortoise "plonks" like the plucking of a banjo · Shell 40 cm Jong. Apart from the very HYLIDAE - TREE FROGS string. Throughout the south-west of rare short-necked tortoise this is the Western Australia near permanent Litoria adelaidensis only species found in the south-west water; recorded within Park. Slender Tree Frog of W.A. Common in permanent Pseudophryne guentheri 60 mm. Light fawn, brown or green fresh water and seasonal swamps. Guenthers Toadlet above. Dark strip from snout Very common in Loch McNess.

Oiplodactylus Polyophrhalmus - Pharo A.G. Wells.

20 Delma fraseri 120 mm. (snout-vent). Dark transverse head band and a narrower one across the nape. Body grey~ brown. Dark bars or net pattern on throat. Coastal and inland south­ west W.A. Uncommon, recorded from Yanchep Beach but not within Park. Delma grayii 110 mm. (snout-vent). Grey-brown, body scales with darker margins. Obscure dark bars on head and anterior body. Whitish below. Coastal and marginal inland from Shark Bay to Cape Naturaliste. Scarce, absent from deep white sands. Recorded from Park. Lia/is burtonis Burtons Snake-lizard 250 mm. (snout-vent). Highly Western Banjo Frog - Photo A.G. Wells. variable, from cream, through all shades of brown to black. Pattern GEKKONIDAE - GECKOS Phyllodactylus marmoratus from absent to spotted or stripped. Marbled Gecko Often with dark zone along side of Crenadactylus oce/latus ocellatus face. Dark coloured below. All over Clawless Gecko 70 mm. (snouth-vent). Grey or brown with complex dark markings Australia, very common at Yanchep. 50 mm. (snout-vent) Grey brown which tend to form bars or net-like with blotches or irregular stripes. pattern. White below. Wetter parts Sometimes a dark brown stripe from AGAMIDAE - DRAGON of southern Australia from central LIZARDS snout to eye. Limbs brown dotted N.S.W. to coast of W.A. Moderately with white. Nocturnal, confined to Amphibolurus minor minor common within Park boundary. Tuart () Dwarf Bearded Dragon belt on the Swan Coastal Plain. Underwoodisaurus millii 160 cm (snout-vent). Variable, pale Recorded within Park. (previously Phyllurus mil/ii) grey with two longitudinal series of Barking Gecko pale oblong blotches. Throat without Diplodactylus alboquttatus 80 mm. (snout-vent). Dark purple­ a series of spines. Common in south­ black, back and limbs with scattered 55 mm. (snout-vent) Fawn above west W.A. and south coast. Not small white or yellow spots, some with dark edged pale blotches. Dark recorded from Park but found spots forming continuous curved brown stripe from snout to side of nearby. bands. Right across southern head behind eye. Sides grey with Australia. Nocturnal, on Swan large whitish spots. Coast from SCINCIDAE - SKINKS Coastal Plain confined to limestone Shark Bay to Perth. Not known from cliffs and outcrops. Recorded within Cryptobepharus plagiocephalus Park but collected nearby. Park. Sun-lizard 45 mm (snout-vent). Highly variable, PYGOPODIDAE - LEGLESS Diplodactylus polyopthalmus pale silvery-grey above with pale LIZARDS 55mm. (snout vent). Dark reddish silvery midline stripe. Stripe brown with pale reddish brown Acyls concinna bordered by black line and spots. Under surface white with each 75 mm. (snout-vent). Grey with occasionally a paler line in addition. scale granule bearing a dark central narrow dark longitudinal stripes on All of W.A. except south-east coast. dot. South west of W.A. from Jurien back and sides. Tail about 4 times Common in forests and woodlands, Bay to Stirling Range. Not known longer than snout-vent length. Only usually feeding on vertical surfaces. from Park, but collected nearby. found on Swan Coastal Plain. Common in Park. Diplodactylus spinigerus Uncommon, recorded from within Egernia kingii Spiny-tailed Gecko Park. Kings' skink 70 mm. (snout-vent). Grey or Aprasia repens 200 mm (snout-vent). Olive-brown to or black with flecks , spots or fine 110 mm. (snout-vent). Pale grey­ black with paler flanks. Young with lines. Dark vertebral stripe. Two brown, each scale with a central dark pale spots. White, grey or olive­ parallel rows of spines along tail. mark. Overall appearance of dark yellow below with dark brown spots Coastal and inland south-west of lines or serie~ of dots. Whitish below. on throat. South-west W.A. and W.A. Common on coastal dunes and South-west W.A. both coastal and offshore islands. On cliffs and near on limestone country. Recorded inland. Very common in sandy swamps. Uncommon, recorded from from Park. country in Park. Park.

21 Lerista praepedita 60 mm (snout-vent). Pale olive-grey with two longitudinal series of blackish-brown dots. Dark stripe from snout, through eye to tail. Scales of underside grey-white edged anteriorly with dark brown. Coastal W.A. from Carnarvon to Perth. Very common in sandy country within Park boundary. Menetia greyii 30 mm (snout-vent). Bronze to grey brown above with four narrow dashed dark lines from nape to base of tail. Dark stripes on upper flank Western Black-striped Snake - Photo A.G. Wells. from nostril to tail, bordered above Speckled Skink - Photo A.G. Wells. by pale zone and bordered below and anteriorly by creamy stripe from snout to just behind forelimb. Occurs throughout Australia. Common in wooded limestone country within the Park. Morethia obscura 45 mm (snout-vent). Grey brown above with scattered spots and flecks. Vague interrupted pale band along upper flank from above eye to base of tail, and bordered below by dark band in which are numerous scattered darker and lighter flecks. Underside white flushed with orange pink in breeding males. Some specimens may be totally devoid of pattern. Coastal and inland southern Australia. Favours damp situations. Not recorded from within Park but found in several places nearby.

Omolepida branchialis Egernia napoleonis stripe and below by broad dark 100 mm (snout-vent). Grey-brown to olive-brown, paler on the flanks. 110 mm (snouth-vent). Similar to brown enclosing darker stripe. Individual scales with darker brown Kings Skink but with rounded black South-west W.A. , moderately margins and sometimes a blackish spots on the back and pale vertebral common in damp places around central spot. Lips sometimes pale stripe. Whitish upper lips and pink swamps. Recorded from Park. grey or whitish. Young may be belly. Coastal and partly inland from heavily dotted with white or cream. Jurien Bay to Albany. Usually in Lerista elegans Western and central Australia. stumps or under bark. Uncommon; 40 mm (snout-vent). Grey brown Confined to coastal limestone and recorded from near Park, but not above with longitudinal rows of dots dunes. Uncommon, recorded near within the boundaries. either side of vertebral line. Head but not within Park. Hemiergis peronii quadrilineata darker than body, dark brown stripe from snout, through eye to tail, Tiliqua rugosa rugosa 55 mm (snout-vent). Brown to olive­ bordered below with white. Coastal Bobtail brown, narrow dark stripe from top from Shark Bay to Perth. 250 mm (snout-vent). Dull reddish­ edge of flank. Underside cream or Moderately common in Perth. brown or dark brown with scattered yellow. Coastal W.A. from cream spots or blotches, especially Geraldton to Bunbury. Very Lerista lineopunctulata on flanks and whitish below. common coastal dunes and sandy Blotches may form irregular cross­ country. Recorded from Park. 100 mm (snout-vent). Pale grey or brown, six narrow black bars along bands. Very large scales resembling Leiolopisma trilineatum back and upper flanks. Lips barred the surface of a pinecone. Coastal 60 mm (snout-vent). Grey-brown, with dark brown. Coastal W.A. from and inland southern Australia and olive or brown with dark vertebral Shark Bay to Busselton. Common in inland eastern Australia. Common, stripe. Narrow cream stripe on upper sandy country; recorded within especially in cleared country. flank bordered above by dark brown Park. Recorded from Park.

22 VARANIDAE - "RACEHORSE" Denisonia gouldii Vermicella bimaculata GOANNAS Black-headed Snake Western black-naped Snake Varanus tristis tristis 40 cm (total length). Tan to dark­ 40 cm (total length). Pale reddish­ brown, each scale with dark base and brown, orange or pink each scale 800 mm. total length. Charco_al grey light hind-edge. Head and nape edged with dark reddish-brown. to black with numerous cream to black. Light brown or cream snout Blackish head blotch and a small white elongated spots, each with a and patch of same colour in front of band of black slightly behind head dark centre. Head and neck eye. Belly cream. South-western blotch. Belly white or cream. South­ uniformly black, spots often vague. W.A., southern South Australia and west W.A., excluding very wet areas, Tail sometimes ringed. Underside inland Victoria, New South Wales and western half of South Australia. whitish. Throughout Australia and Queensland. On coastal plain On coastal plain moderately except in southern and eastern common, especially in Blackboy common in sandy country. Not portions. Scarce on Swan coastal (Xanthorrhoea preissii) country. recorded from within Park. plain, not recorded within Park Recorded from Park. boundary. Vermice/la calonotos Western Black-striped Snake 25 cm (total length). Reddish above, individual scales cream edged with BOIDAE - PYTHONS Notechis scutatus occidentalis pink or reddish orange. Snout tipped Tiger Snake Python spilotus variegatus with black. Black head blotch and a Carpet Snake 1.2 metres total length. Variable band of black. Narrow mid-back Up to 4 metres total length. Pale to from grey to olive, brown, reddish, or stripe of single row of light-centred dark-brown with darker but paler almost black. Sometimes with series but black-margined scales. Belly centred blotches forming obscure of narrow cross bands. Belly cream cream. Coastal Plain from Lancelin bands. Underside cream or yellow green or grey often with darker grey to Rockingham. Common on white variegated with dark grey. South­ on throat. Scales beneath tail all sandy country. Recorded in Park. coast and central W.A., and all of single. South-western W.A. in wet Vermicella semifasciata semifasciata eastern Australia except Victoria. areas. Recorded from sedgelands Half-ringed Snake Scarce, confined to limestone belt. around Loch McNess. Recorded within Park. DANGEROUS 30 cm (total length). Fawn, olive­ brown to reddish-brown above with grey, dark brown or black cross­ bands. Bands wider or equal to inter­ ELAPIDAE - FRONT-FANGED band spaces. Blackish bar on top of SNAKES Pseudonaja affinis affinis Dugite head, enclosing the eyes. Underside Brachyaspis curta whitish. All of W.A. except wettest 1.5 metres total length. Grey, olive or Bardick southern portion, and western brown, head commonly lighter than Northern Territory and South 40 cm (total length). Grey-brown, body. Series of blackish scales on Australia. On coastal plain, olive-brown or reddish-brown nape, forming an "M" shaped mark. moderately common, often found in above, flank scales edged with paler Belly yellowish and with salmon buried and half buried rotten weed. reddish-brown, head with scattered coloured blotches. Scales beneath Recorded close to, but not within pale flecks. Throat and underside at tail all divided. South-west W.A. and Park. anterior end richly speckled with coastal south-east W.A. and coastal white and brown. Belly pale grey­ South Australia. Very common, brown, each scale with a brown edge. particularly in areas with some Bardick - Photo A.G. Wells. Coastal and inland south-west W.A. development. Recorded within Park. and southern South Australia. DANGEROUS Moderately common on coast, less common towards Darling Scarp. Recorded in Park. Vermicella bertholdii Bandy-bandy Demansia reticulata reticulata 30 cm (total length). Body cream, Whip-snake yellow or reddish orange above, 800 · mm. (snout-vent) Grey to scales edged with dark reddish­ greenish above, each scale dark edge brown, and with numerous black to form a net-like pattern, head and cross-bands along length of body. hind part of body reddish. Yellow Belly creamish-white and also edged dark bar connecting nostrils. banded. Coastal and inland W.A. Dark streak from eye to angle of except Kimberley and south-coast, mouth, edged on both sides by bright inland southern Northern Territory cream or yellow. Belly grey-green to and inland South Australia. yellow. Western Australia, common Common in sandy country. in tuart woodlands but cannot Recorded from many areas near tolerate built-up areas. Recorded in Park, but as yet not within Park Park. boundary.

23 YANCHEP NATIONAL PARI< FACILITIES AREA No,J:11i1

\l~\""' j~,

K~sk \J No. 1 Tee

GRASSED AREAS FDR HIRE 1 Opposite Inn 2 Adjacent Inn 3 Opposite West Oval 4 North Oval 1 North Oval 2 6 North Oval 3

LEGEND INDIAN Pedestrian Track Traffic Route OCEAN Picnic Area l'!:IT2l Car Pari< ~

·,