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A Potential New Cutflower for Australia - Haemodorum Coccineum

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A Potential New Cutflower for Australia - Haemodorum Coccineum A Potential New Cutflower For Australia - Haemodorum Coccineum A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation by Margaret Johnston and Alenna McMah September 2006 RIRDC Publication No 06/087 RIRDC Project No UQ-117A © 2006 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 1 74151 350 2 ISSN 1440-6845 Haemodorum coccineum production in south-east Queensland Publication No. 06/087 Project No. UQ117A The information contained in this publication is intended for general use to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the development of sustainable industries. The information should not be relied upon for the purpose of a particular matter. Specialist and/or appropriate legal advice should be obtained before any action or decision is taken on the basis of any material in this document. The Commonwealth of Australia, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, the authors or contributors do not assume liability of any kind whatsoever resulting from any person's use or reliance upon the content of this document. This publication is copyright. However, RIRDC encourages wide dissemination of its research, providing the Corporation is clearly acknowledged. For any other enquiries concerning reproduction, contact the Publications Manager on phone 02 6272 3186. Researcher Contact Details Dr Margaret Johnston Mrs Alenna McMah Centre for Native Floriculture Boomajarril Native Flower Farm Phone: 07 54601240 Phone: 07 54665668 Fax: 07 54601112 Fax: 07 54665668 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to RIRDC publishing this material in its edited form. RIRDC Contact Details Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Level 2, 15 National Circuit BARTON ACT 2600 PO Box 4776 KINGSTON ACT 2604 Phone: 02 6272 4819 Fax: 02 6272 5877 Email: [email protected]. Web: http://www.rirdc.gov.au Published in September 2006 Printed on environmentally friendly paper by Canprint ii Foreword New product development in ornamental horticulture is the driver of international competitiveness and the Australian native flower industry needs new products to maintain and develop export markets. Haemodorum coccineum (Haemodoraceae) is an attractive species from tropical Australia (Queensland and Northern Territory), producing orange to red flowers from November to March, a time when red flowers are highly desired on global markets for Christmas, Chinese New Year and Valentines’ Day. Market evaluations by exporters, importers and domestic market agents vary widely. Key issues will be yield and plant density relationships, nutrition and the value of the product as this will influence profitability. Selection of desirable forms with compact heads will be essential to further develop this potential new crop. This project was funded from RIRDC Wildflower and Native Plants sub-program which is provided by the Australian Government. This report, an addition to RIRDC’s diverse range of over 1500 research publications, forms part of our Wildflowers and Native Plants R&D program, which aims to improve the profitability, productivity and sustainability of the Australian wildflower and native plant industry. Most of our publications are available for viewing, downloading or purchasing online through our website: • downloads at www.rirdc.gov.au/fullreports/index.html • purchases at www.rirdc.gov.au/eshop Peter O’Brien Managing Director Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation iii Acknowledgments The technical assistance provided by Tess Stafford, Vishu Wickramsinghe, Robyn Cave and Helen Hofman is acknowledged. Abbreviations BAP Benzylamino purine IBA Indole butyric acid MS medium Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium NAA α-naphthaleneacetic acid P Phosphorus iv Contents Foreword............................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgments................................................................................................................................. iv Abbreviations........................................................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. vi 1 Literature Review.......................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Haemodorum species endemic to Queensland .................................................................................... 1 Other important species....................................................................................................................... 1 Distribution of Haemodorum coccineum ............................................................................................ 1 Ecology of Haemodorum coccineum .................................................................................................. 2 Soils..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Reproductive biology .......................................................................................................................... 2 Flowering ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Plant maturity and rhizome size .......................................................................................................... 3 Temperature......................................................................................................................................... 3 Daylength ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Soil moisture ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Propagation.......................................................................................................................................... 4 Tissue culture ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Horticultural production...................................................................................................................... 5 Post harvest ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Marketing ............................................................................................................................................ 6 2 Research ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Seed sources ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Seed propagation ................................................................................................................................. 7 Tissue culture ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Transfer to the nursery and field ......................................................................................................... 9 Flower yield and quality.................................................................................................................... 10 Evaluation of phosphorus sensitivity ................................................................................................ 10 Selection............................................................................................................................................ 11 Market evaluations ............................................................................................................................ 12 Conclusions and opportunities .......................................................................................................... 13 3. References .................................................................................................................................... 14 Appendix 1 Photographs............................................................................................................... 16 Selection............................................................................................................................................ 16 Field production ................................................................................................................................ 17 Postharvest and marketing................................................................................................................. 19 v Executive Summary Haemodorum coccineum (Haemodoraceae) is an attractive species from tropical Australia (Queensland and Northern Territory), producing orange to red flowers from November to March, a time when red flowers are highly desired on global markets for Christmas, Chinese New Year and
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