o They were born in 1697, lived until 1770 o They were born into a virk family of jatts o Their village was Kaloke, which is now in Sheikhpura district, in punjab o Kapur Singh was 11 years old when Guru Gobind Singh Ji left their chola o They were 19 years old when the massacre of Baba Banda Singh Bahadur and his 700 followers happened o Kapur Singh Ji took Amrit when they were 24 years old at Amritsar Sahib in 1721 on the day of vaisakhi o The panj pyare were lead by Bhai Mani Singh Ji o Kapur Singh Ji had a high leadership role within his sikhs, who at the time were involved in a desperate struggle against the mughals. o Zakarya Khan was the mughal governer of Lahore at that time in 1726, and launched a policy of persecution against the sikhs. o He had put a price on sikhs heads o The sikhs, including Kapur Singh roamed the jungles in central punjab, they were getting hunted by the mughals o Sikh use to attack their caravans and treasures to get food. o Eventually Zakarya Khan came to terms with the Sikhs. o In 1733, the mughal government decided to come to terms with sikhs. The word Nawab was used for the sikh’s leader. o After Sarbat Khalsa the sikhs accepted the offer. Kapur Singh ji was unanimously elected the leader. o As a mark of respect. He placed a siropa which was sent by the mughals on the feet of the punj pyare o 3 of the panj pyare were Baba Deep Singh Ji, Bhai Karam Singh, Bhai Buddh Singh Ji- the great great grandfather of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji o Word was sent around to sikhs in jungles and deserts that peace had been made with sikhs and all sikhs could go back to their houses o Nawab Kapur singh took responsibilty to keep all the sikhs joined and merged them into a single central fighting force called the dal o There were 2 Dals- Budha Dal the army of veterans, and the taruna dal was the army of the young o The task was too look after the holy places, and telling the world about the guru ji’s. o The Taruna Dal was the more active because they were told to fight in emergencies. o Under its leader Hari Singh the Taruna Dal rapidly grew and in strenght o They had 12,000 soliders o Nawab Kapur Singh split the Taruna Khalsa into 5 parts each with a seperate center o The first batch was lead by Baba Deep Singh Ji, 2nd by Karam and Dharam Singh Ji, 3rd by Kahan Singh and Binod Singh, 4th by Dasandha Singh and 5th by Vir Singh and Jivan Singh o The territores conquered by these groups were entered in their papers at akal thakt sahib by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia. o By the end of the century there were 12 sikh misls ruling o Nawab Kapur Singh Ji was the finder of the rule-by- misl system he was also a great warrior o He fought many battles and his last battle was the battle of sirhind o After the fall of sirhind in 1763 a lot of the portion of the present day rupnagar district came under the singhpuria misl. o By 1769 the singhpuria had many territores under possession including parts of hoshiarpur and jalandhar Lakhpat Rai Before the harvest of 1735, Zakarya Khan, sent strong force to occupied the Jagir The Sikhs were driven out of Amritsar and into Bari Doab by Lakhpat Rai Kapur Singh attacked Sirhind and defeated the mughal governor Later Nawab Kapur Singh led the Sikhs back to Majha to celebrate Diwali at Amritsar Lakhpat rai pursued Kapur Singh and Kapur Singh had to turn away the Taruna Dal came to his help , and the aftermath of that was Duni Chand, Jamal Khan and Tatar Khan were killed in the battle Nadir Shah Nadir Shah a Persian invader was just on the way back from looting Delhi and Punjab, not knowing the Dal was waiting for him not far from the route he took They attacked the rear and took as much of their booty On the third night they rescued over 1000 girls and escorted them safely to their homes Zakarya Khan’s Campaign continues Made a policy of repression, started a pitiless campaign for a manhunt 10 rupees for the location of a Sikh and 50 for killing a Sikh He cut off the main source of inspiration, Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar was taken possession of and guarded by the mughals Some Sikhs would disguise themselves and fight there way through armed guards to take a dip in the tank or Harmandir Sahib and ride back with lightning speed June 24, 1734 Bhai Mani Singh Ji was Shaheed Zakarya Khan’s Campaign continues Nawab Kapur Singh made a plan to capture Zakarya Khan Army of 2000 strong were all disguised and entered the city of Lahore and went to the Shahi Mosque where Zakarya Khan was supposed to be, according to intel He was disappointed that Zakarya Khan wasn’t there so they threw off their disguise and shouted “Sat Sri Akal” and marched out of Lahore and into the jungles Chota Ghalughara Zakarya Khan and Lakhpat Rai re-launched and all- out campaign and set forth with a large army The Sikhs were by Kahnuwan and determined to put up a fight but were overcome by enormous numbers and scattered with heavy losses Lakhpat Rai took 1000 Sikhs in chains to Lahore and had them ride on donkeys, bare-backed and showed them off to the public in bazaars They were beheaded outside the Delhi gate without mercy Death Kapur Singh humbly requested to the community to relieve him of his duties because of his old age Jassa Singh Aluwalia was chosen as the supreme commander of the Dal Khalsa Khusal Singh succeded him as the leader of the misl Died in 1975 • Where was Kapur Singh Virk born? • Who was Zakarya Khan? • Name one of the 3 Panj Pyare mentioned when Kapur Singh placed the siropa at their feet. • What were the names of the 2 Dals? • In how many parts did Kapur Singh split the Taruna Khalsa into? • Where was Nawab Kapur Singh’s last battle? • Who were the Sikhs driven out by? • Who was Nadir Shah? • What did Zakarya Khan create? .