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Understanding the Role of Knowledge About Health Risks in the Consumption of Energy Drinks Among the Students of Maldives National University

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Understanding the Role of Knowledge About Health Risks in the Consumption of Energy Drinks Among the Students of Maldives National University UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEALTH RISKS IN THE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY DRINKS AMONG THE STUDENTS OF MALDIVES NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MARIYAM FIRASHA The Maldives National University November, 2015 UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEALTH RISKS IN THE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY DRINKS AMONG THE STUDENTS OF MALDIVES NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MARIYAM FIRASHA A Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelors in Primary Health Care Faculty of Health Sciences The Maldives National University November, 2015 DECLARATION Name: Mariyam Firasha Student Number: 000017535 I hereby declare that this Project is the result of my own work, except for quotations and summaries which have been duly acknowledged. Signature: Date: 5th November 2015 ii UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEALTH RISKS IN THE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY DRINKS AMONG THE STUDENTS OF MALDIVES NATIONAL UNIVERSITY MARIYAM FIRASHA November 2015 ABSTRACT Background: The term ‘energy drinks’ are refers to beverages, believed to reduce or prevent fatigue, enhance physical performances, enhance deposition and improve cognitive performances. Caffeine is one of the harmful ingredients in energy drinks which lead to reduce insulin sensitivity, increase arterial blood pressure associated with acute consumption. Students are more prone to this unacceptable habit due to their stress full life style and lack of awareness on stress management that they face during the study period for different issues. Objectives: Understanding the degree of awareness about the risks of consuming energy drinks among the tertiary students, to understand the student’s perspective about the consumption of energy drinks and to compare the consumption between the students of health sector and non-health sector. Research question: Does the knowledge of health risk affect the number of consumptions of Energy Drinks? Methods: A cross-sectional study with a descriptive research design was used for this study using quantitative data. 100 students were selected from 6 faculties as a sample size for the study. Results: As per statistical data it shows, that the students who have knowledge of health risks consume less number of energy drinks compare to those who do not have knowledge. Majority of the study participants are not aware of the health risks associated with energy drink consumption. Implications: this study can be used to conduct health education sessions and awareness programs about energy drink and its health risks to the university students based on the facts in this study. Key words: Energy Drinks, Caffeine, health background and non-health background students. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All praise is to Allah for bestowing the blessings for me to complete this project. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all those who provided me the possibility to complete this research project. First, I would like to thank Faculty of Health Sciences, Maldives National University, in giving this opportunity to complete Bachelors of Primary Health care. With that I would like to mention department of public health in FHS for giving their support. I want to give a very special gratitude to my project supervisor Ms.Aishath Shaheen Ismail for providing guidance and suggestions throughout this project. In this opportunity, I would like to express my sincere thanks to our lecturer Mr. Mohamed Zaid for helping me to understand and use the statistical software, SPSS. I would never forget to thank all the 100 participants who participated and giving their full support in the survey conducted throughout the research project. I also am thankful to all my friends and classmates who provide support in understanding every part of the project and help me to overcome the difficulties I have faced. And my sincere appreciation goes to my family and my in-laws for giving unconditional support all through the project completion. Very special thanks to my husband for encouraging me to complete this project. Last, but not least, a heart full of appreciation for my 2 year old daughter, yunaal, for tolerating such a long time, while I was working with this project. Mariyam Firasha iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................. ix CHAPTER 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Study .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Problem Statement/justification ................................................................................... 3 1.3 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Research Question and Hypothesis .............................................................................. 5 1.5 Significance of the study .............................................................................................. 6 1.6 Scope of the Study ....................................................................................................... 6 1.7 Definitions of Terms .................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2 ..................................................................................................................................... 10 REVIEW OF LITERATURE .................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Theoretical Framework .................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Conceptual framework ..................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Previous studies ............................................................................................................... 13 2.5 Methodological issues ..................................................................................................... 21 2.6 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 22 CHAPTER 3 ..................................................................................................................................... 23 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 23 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Research Design ............................................................................................................... 23 3.3 Population and sample ..................................................................................................... 23 3.4 Instrumentation ................................................................................................................ 24 3.5 Data collection Procedure and ethical considerations ...................................................... 25 3.6 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................... 26 v 3.7 Framework for data analysis ............................................................................................ 26 CHAPTER 4 ..................................................................................................................................... 29 DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS ........................................................................................ 29 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 29 4.2 Participation Rate ............................................................................................................. 29 4.3 Survey Results for the research objectives, research question and research Hypothesis . 30 CHAPTER 5 .................................................................................................................................. 51 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ........................................................................................ 51 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Summary of Main Finding ............................................................................................... 51 5.3 Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 52 5.4 Implication ......................................................................................................................
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