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Final Years of the Silver Standard in Mexico: Evidence of Purchasing Power Parity with the United States
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Final Years of the Silver Standard in Mexico: Evidence of Purchasing Power Parity with The United States Bojanic, Antonio N. 2 May 2011 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45535/ MPRA Paper No. 45535, posted 27 Mar 2013 02:12 UTC final years of the silver standard in mexico: evidence of purchasing power parity with the united states Antonio N. Bojanic* Professor of Economics / CENTRUM – Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Urbanización – Los Alamos de Monterrico – Surco, Perú ABSTRACT RESUMO This paper focuses on the use of silver as Este artigo enfoca o uso da prata como padrão a monetary standard in Mexico during monetário no México, durante aproximada- approximately the last three decades of the mente as três últimas décadas do século XIX nineteenth century and the first decade of e primeira década do século XX. Durante the twentieth century. During this period, esse período, vários eventos ocorreram no several events occurred in the market for mercado de prata, que afetaram os países silver that affected those countries attached atrelados a este metal. Estes eventos causa- to this metal. These events caused some ram alguns destes países a abandonar a prata of these countries to abandon silver for para o bem e adotar outros tipos de regime good and adopt other types of monetary monetário. México e alguns outros, preferiu arrangements. Mexico and a few others ficar com ele. As razões desta decisão são chose to stay with it.The reasons behind this analisados. Além disso prova, que apoia a decision are analyzed. Additionally, evidence teoria da paridade do poder de compra entre that supports the theory of purchasing power o México e os Estados Unidos são também parity between Mexico and the United States apresentados e analisados. -
Structure of the Mexican Rice Industry: Implications for Strategic Planning
STRUCTURE OF THE MEXICAN RICE INDUSTRY: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING Victoria Salin, Gary Williams, Michael Haigh, Jaime Málaga Jose Carlos Madriñán, Katharine Sheaff* TAMRC International Market Research Report No. IM 2-00 February 2000 * Victoria Salin, Gary Williams, Michael Haigh, Jaime Málaga and Jose Carlos Madriñán, Katharine Sheaff are Assistant Professor, Professor and Director of the Texas Agricultural Market Research Center, Assistant Professor, Assistant Research Scientist, Graduate Research Assistant and Graduate Research Assistant, respectively, in the Department of Agricultural Economics at Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. STRUCTURE OF THE MEXICAN RICE INDUSTRY: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING Texas Agricultural Market Research Center (TAMRC) International Market Research Report No. IM 2- 00, February 2000 by Victoria Salin, Gary Williams, Michael Haigh, Jaime Malága, Jose Carlos Madriñán and Katharine Sheaff. The final report of research reported here was funded in part by the U.S. Rice Producers Association, Houston, Texas under contract. ABSTRACT: This is the second of two reports on the Mexican rice market prepared for the U.S. Rice Producers Association by the Texas Agricultural Market Research Center. The reports provide important insights on the opportunities and challenges for future growth of U.S. rice exports to Mexico, particularly with the potential for NAFTA-induced tariff reductions to alter the competitive position of U.S. rice in Mexico. This study explores and analyzes the current structure of the Mexican rice market and derives implications and provides recommendations to guide strategic planning. This report also serves as background to the first report, an in-depth statistical assessment of the logistics and transportation system for U.S.-Mexico rice trade and the impact that changes in Mexican tariffs will have on that trade. -
Initial Determinants of Mexican Mass Migration
Initial Determinants of Mexican Mass Migration David Escamilla-Guerrero [email protected] London School of Economics November 8, 2018 Abstract The paper addresses the determinants of the Mexican-US migration flow in its begin- nings (1884-1910). Exploiting an original data set based on individual border crossings from 1906 to 1908, I present for the first time, the spatial distribution of the flow at the local level. The micro data reveal that Mexican and American historiography misrepresented the composition of the flow regarding the immigrant’s locations of birth and last residence. Contrary to previous literature, most immigrants came from the border states rather than from the central plateau of Mexico. In addition, internal migration was not the main mechanism to cross the border since 60 percent of the flow was characterized by direct emigration to the United States. The quantitative assessment reveals that market potentials and Mexican immigrant networks in the US were the main pull factors rather than the US-Mexico wage gap. On the other hand, differences in living standards across Mexico were the main push factor. Despite their importance for the Mexican economy, railways had a limited effect on the migration flow during the Age of Mass Migration. Keywords: labor migration, railways, institutions, Mexico JEL Classification Numbers: N36, N76, F22, J61 Acknowledgments: I am especially grateful to my PhD supervisors Eric Schneider and Joan Rosés for their guidance and invaluable comments. I thank Chris Minns, Zachary Ward, Neil Cummins, Alfonso Cabreros-Zurita, León Fernández-Bujanda and Mattia Bertazzini for their extensive feedback; and Daniela Gutiérrez and Marco Villeda for their assistance on the data transcription. -
White Paper Mexican Residential Real Estate
White Paper Mexican Residential Real Estate Toronto, Canada April, 2017 1 Table of Contents Investment Thesis Why Invest Capital in Mexican Residential Real Estate? o Strong Demographics will Drive Growth o Growing Middle Class = Favorable Demand Dynamics o Supply Shortfall (The Opportunity) o Government Support o Evolving Mortgage System Residential Market Overview o Product Segmentation o Housing Market Results 2015 o Housing Market Projections o Final Thoughts Barnhart Asset Management Corporate Overview 2 Mexican Residential Real Estate Investment Thesis Due to a young population in their early household formation years, low unemployment, strong economic growth and a government supported mortgage market, sustainable demand for housing in Mexico is anticipated for years to come. From a supply perspective, a fragmented home builder industry, a non competitive lending community and a non existent apartment rental sector has created a persisting housing deficit year over year. As a result of the supply and demand imbalance, BAM sees an opportunity to make significant risk adjusted returns by partnering with small and mid- sized local developers to provide new housing alternatives for the emerging middle class of Mexico. 3 Strong Demographics Will Drive Growth 4 Wealth Creation and Emerging Middle Class • Mexico has the 6th largest GDP per capita in the Americas with significant room for growth in the years to come. $60,000 GDP per Capita PPP $USD $50,000 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000 $- Argentina Brazil Canada Colombia Mexico United States Source: International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016. 5 Wealth Creation and Emerging Middle Class • Between 1992 and 2010, 42 million people became part of the Mexican middle class (annual income US$18-$50,000). -
Selling Mexico: Race, Gender, and American Influence in Cancún, 1970-2000
© Copyright by Tracy A. Butler May, 2016 SELLING MEXICO: RACE, GENDER, AND AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CANCÚN, 1970-2000 _______________ A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Tracy A. Butler May, 2016 ii SELLING MEXICO: RACE, GENDER, AND AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CANCÚN, 1970-2000 _________________________ Tracy A. Butler APPROVED: _________________________ Thomas F. O’Brien Ph.D. Committee Chair _________________________ John Mason Hart, Ph.D. _________________________ Susan Kellogg, Ph.D. _________________________ Jason Ruiz, Ph.D. American Studies, University of Notre Dame _________________________ Steven G. Craig, Ph.D. Interim Dean, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Department of Economics iii SELLING MEXICO: RACE, GENDER, AND AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CANCÚN, 1970-2000 _______________ An Abstract of a Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Tracy A. Butler May, 2016 iv ABSTRACT Selling Mexico highlights the importance of Cancún, Mexico‘s top international tourism resort, in modern Mexican history. It promotes a deeper understanding of Mexico‘s social, economic, and cultural history in the late twentieth century. In particular, this study focuses on the rise of mass middle-class tourism American tourism to Mexico between 1970 and 2000. It closely examines Cancún‘s central role in buttressing Mexico to its status as a regional tourism pioneer in the latter half of the twentieth century. More broadly, it also illuminates Mexico‘s leadership in tourism among countries in the Global South. -
Bloomberg Dollar Index
BLOOMBERG DOLLAR INDEX 2017 REBALANCE 2017 REBALANCE HIGHLIGHTS • Indian rupee added 2017 BBDXY WEIGHTS • Brazilian real removed Euro 3.0% Japanese Yen 3.8% 2.1% Canadian Dollar • Euro maintains largest weight 4.4% 5.1% Mexican Peso • Australian dollar largest percentage weight 31.6% British Pound 10.6% decrease Australian Dollar 10.0% Swiss Franc 17.9% • British pound largest percentage weight increase 11.5% South Korean Won Chinese Renminbi • Mexican peso’s weight continues to increase YoY Indian Rupee since 2007 STEPS TO COMPUTE 2017 MEMBERS & WEIGHTS Fed Reserve’s BIS Remove pegged Trade Data Liquidity Survey currencies to USD Remove currency Set Cap exposure Average liquidity positions under to Chinese & trade weights 2% renminbi to 3% Bloomberg Dollar Index Members & Weights 2017 TARGET WEIGHTS- BLOOMBERG DOLLAR INDEX Currency Name Currency Ticker 2017 Target Weight Euro EUR 31.56% Japanese Yen JPY 17.94% Currency % Change from 2016 to 2017 Indian rupee 2.090% *added Canadian Dollar CAD 11.54% British pound 1.128% South Korean won 0.382% British Pound GBP 10.59% Mexican peso 0.084% Canadian dollar 0.064% Mexican Peso MXN 9.95% Swiss franc 0.019% Australian Dollar AUD 5.12% China renminbi 0.000% Euro -0.195% Swiss Franc CHF 4.39% Japanese yen -0.510% Australian dollar -0.978% South Korean Won KRW 3.81% Brazil real -2.083% *deleted Chinese Renminbi CNH 3.00% Indian Rupee INR 2.09% GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MEMBER CURRENCIES GLOBAL 21.50% Americas 46.54% Asia/Pacific 31.96% EMEA 11.93% APAC EMEA AMER 9.39% 9.44% 6.54% Japanese Yen -
Woodruff 1 Colonialism and Tourism in Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula
Woodruff 1 Colonialism and Tourism in Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula Elizabeth Woodruff Senior Thesis Spring Quarter 2019 Thesis submitted in completion of Honors Senior Capstone requirements for the DePaul University Honors Program Thesis Director: Howard Rosing, Steans Center Woodruff 2 A few words of gratitude I would like to thank several people who were involved in this endeavor. DePaul professors Howard Rosing and Juana Goergen were pillars of support throughout this project; Howard as my thesis director and Juana as my faculty reader. I am deeply grateful for your time and input as I developed my ideas. Thanks for the guidance, encouragement, and above all the time spent together. I have learned so much from the both of you through developing this project as well as in our classes and conversations over the years. Thank you for your work and everything you do for your students; you are appreciated more than you could ever know. I would also like to give many thanks to my family for encouraging my academic pursuits, as well as to the DePaul Honors Program for providing this opportunity for undergraduate research. Woodruff 3 Abstract This paper analyzes how tourism in Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula functions through elements of neocolonial theory, particularly in the complex power dynamics of economic development. It considers the ways in which tourism can be a source of growth that provides significant financial opportunities, but does so while oftentimes perpetuating colonial imbalances in society. This is understood by the ways in which tourism can structurally disrupt the lives of residents and market an exoticized, touristic identity of local and frequently marginalized communities (most specifically the Maya First Nation). -
S. V. Ananthakrishna
Healing Initiative Leadership Linkage (HILL) Student Magazine: MEXICO World without Borders Monthly update: <Date> Current News Host Editor Country Editor: Insert picture Type the matter……………. Music Art Sports Youth Excellence & Leader: What is catching the attention of your youth? The craze of social media has appeared to have gripped the attention of teens of Mexico. Students take up Scouting and Guiding very actively. The Mexican Youth Athenaeum, later known as the Athenaeum of Mexico, was a Mexican civil association founded on October 28, 1909 with the purpose of working in favor of culture and art, by means of organization public meetings and debates.The members of the Athenaeum gave to Mexican education system a wider vision which rejected racist biological determinism and which found a solution for the cost of social adjustment problem generated by the processes which change society as industrialization or urbanization. Festivals Festival Sayulita. Candlemas - Día de la Candelaría. Constitution Day - Día de la Constitución. Zona Maco. Valentine's Day - Día del Amor y la Amistad. Carnival - Carnaval. Flag Day - Día de la Bandera. Conferences mexHIC 2014, Mexico Mining forum 2017, MexHIC 2017 Healing Initiative Leadership Linkage (HILL) Student Magazine World without Borders Strategy Country challenges and opportunities Constitution rights and Duties Challenges: Freedom of speech, religion,petition, legal rights — yet it goes farther, guaranteeing Poverty Eradication Mexicans the right to a good job (Article 123), decent housing, and health Almost 33.2% of the current population of protection and care (Article 4). And the Mexico lives with less than $5 per day in aforementioned Article 123 spells out Mexico. -
Magazines, Tourism, and Nation-Building in Mexico
STUDIES OF THE AMERICAS Series Editor: Maxine Molyneux MAGAZINES, TOURISM, AND NATION-BUILDING IN MEXICO Claire Lindsay Studies of the Americas Series Editor Maxine Molyneux Institute of the Americas University College London London, UK The Studies of the Americas Series includes country specifc, cross- disciplinary and comparative research on the United States, Latin America, the Caribbean, and Canada, particularly in the areas of Politics, Economics, History, Anthropology, Sociology, Anthropology, Development, Gender, Social Policy and the Environment. The series publishes monographs, readers on specifc themes and also welcomes proposals for edited collections, that allow exploration of a topic from several different disciplinary angles. This series is published in conjunc- tion with University College London’s Institute of the Americas under the editorship of Professor Maxine Molyneux. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14462 Claire Lindsay Magazines, Tourism, and Nation-Building in Mexico Claire Lindsay Department of Spanish, Portuguese, and Latin American Studies University College London London, UK Studies of the Americas ISBN 978-3-030-01002-7 ISBN 978-3-030-01003-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01003-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018957069 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. -
The Mexican Peso Crisis.” Photocopy
TT he Mexican Peso Crisis Joseph A. Whitt, Jr. n the early 1990s the Mexican economy seemed healthy. It was grow- ing again after the “lost decade” of the 1980s, when the 1982 debt cri- sis and the 1986 collapse of oil prices sent the economy reeling. Moreover, inflation was being reduced substantially, foreign investors were pumping money into the country, and the central bank had accu- Imulated billions of dollars in reserves. Capping the favorable developments was the proposal to reduce trade barriers with Mexico’s largest trade partner, the United States, through the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The agreement eventually took effect at the beginning of 1994. The hard times of the 1980s seemed to be history. Less than twelve months after NAFTA took effect, Mexico faced eco- nomic disaster. On December 20, 1994, the Mexican government devalued the peso. The financial crisis that followed cut the peso’s value in half, sent inflation soaring, and set off a severe recession in Mexico. What went wrong? After reviewing the events leading up to the devalua- tion, this article examines whether Mexican policy mistakes made devalua- The author is an economist tion inevitable. The discussion then considers Mexico’s policy actions in the macropolicy section during 1994, along with options Mexico did not take. The final section re- of the Atlanta Fed’s views market response to the devaluation and Mexican and U.S. government research department. efforts to cope with its aftermath. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Economic Review 1 In equation (1), the symbol ^ over the variables denotes Mexico’s Wild Year of 1994 percentage changes. -
The Giant Sucking Sound: Did NAFTA Devour the Mexican Peso?
J ULY /AUGUST 1996 Christopher J. Neely is a research economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Kent A. Koch provided research assistance. This article examines the relationship The Giant between NAFTA and the peso crisis of December 1994. First, the provisions of Sucking Sound: NAFTA are reviewed, and then the links between NAFTA and the peso crisis are Did NAFTA examined. Despite a blizzard of innuendo and intimation that there was an obvious Devour the link between the passage of NAFTA and Mexican Peso? the peso devaluation, NAFTA’s critics have not been clear as to what the link actually was. Examination of their argu- Christopher J. Neely ments and economic theory suggests two possibilities: that NAFTA caused the Mex- t the end of 1993 Mexico was touted ican authorities to manipulate and prop as a model for developing countries. up the value of the peso for political rea- A Five years of prudent fiscal and mone- sons or that NAFTA’s implementation tary policy had dramatically lowered its caused capital flows that brought the budget deficit and inflation rate and the peso down. Each hypothesis is investi- government had privatized many enter- gated in turn. prises that were formerly state-owned. To culminate this progress, Mexico was preparing to enter into the North American NAFTA Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with NAFTA grew out of the U.S.–Canadian Canada and the United States. But less than Free Trade Agreement of 1988.1 It was a year later, in December 1994, investors signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United sold their peso assets, the value of the Mex- States on December 17, 1992. -
Causes and Lessons of the Mexican Peso Crisis
Causes and Lessons of the Mexican Peso Crisis Stephany Griffith-Jones IDS, University of Sussex May 1997 This study has been prepared within the UNU/WIDER project on Short- Term Capital Movements and Balance of Payments Crises, which is co- directed by Dr Stephany Griffith-Jones, Fellow, IDS, University of Sussex; Dr Manuel F. Montes, Senior Research Fellow, UNU/WIDER; and Dr Anwar Nasution, Consultant, Center for Policy and Implementation Studies, Indonesia. UNU/WIDER gratefully acknowledges the financial contribution to the project by the Government of Sweden (Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency - Sida). CONTENTS List of tables and charts iv Acknowledgements v Abstract vi I Introduction 1 II The apparently golden years, 1988 to early 1994 6 III February - December 1994: The clouds darken 15 IV The massive financial crisis explodes 24 V Conclusions and policy implications 31 Bibliography 35 iii LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS Table 1 Composition (%) of Mexican and other countries' capital inflows, 1990-93 8 Table 2 Mexico: Summary capital accounts, 1988-94 10 Table 3 Mexico: Non-resident investments in Mexican government securities, 1991-95 21 Table 4 Mexico: Quarterly capital account, 1993 - first quarter 1995 (in millions of US dollars) 22 Table 5 Mexican stock exchange (BMV), 1989-1995 27 Chart 1 Mexico: Real effective exchange rate (1980=100) 7 Chart 2 Current account balance (% of GDP) 11 Chart 3 Saving-investment gap and current account 12 Chart 4 Stock of net international reserves in 1994 (in millions of US dollars) 17 Chart 5 Mexico: Central bank sterilised intervention 18 Chart 6 Mexican exchange rate changes within the exchange rate band (November 1991 through mid-December 1994) 19 Chart 7 Mexican international reserves and Tesobonos outstanding 20 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank UNU/WIDER for financial support for this research which also draws on work funded by SIDA and CEPAL.