Broadband Radio Access Volume 96 No

Contents Telektronikk Feature: Broadband Radio Access Volume 96 No. 1 – 2000 ISSN 0085-7130 1 Guest editorial; Editor: Terje Tjelta Ola Espvik Tel: (+47) 63 84 88 83 2 Broadband radio access for multimedia services; e-mail: [email protected] Terje Tjelta, Agne Nordbotten and Harald Loktu Status section editor: Per Hjalmar Lehne 11 The development of an open interactive multimedia services delivery plat- Tel: (+47) 63 84 88 26 form in Europe; Leon van Noorden e-mail: [email protected] 17 Towards the next generation LMDS systems architecture; John R. Norbury Editorial assistant: Gunhild Luke Tel: (+47) 63 84 86 52 28 An interactive return link system for LMDS; e-mail: [email protected] Otto Koudelka, Vjekoslav Matic, Michael Schmidt and Rupert Temel Editorial office: 36 Cellular radio access for broadband services: propagation results at 42 GHz; Telenor AS, Telenor R&D Kenneth H. Craig and Terje Tjelta PO Box 83 N-2027 Kjeller Norway 45 Virtual classroom using interacive broadband radio access at 40 GHz; Tel: (+47) 63 84 84 00 Filomena Papa, Sandra Spedaletti, Stefano Teodori and Vittorio del Duce Fax: (+47) 63 81 00 76 e-mail: [email protected] 54 Techno-economics of broadband radio access; Markku Lähteenoja and Leif Aarthun Ims Editorial board: Ole P. Håkonsen, 68 User reactions to interactive broadband services; Senior Executive Vice President. Oddvar Hesjedal, Rich Ling and Siri Nilsen Vice President, R&D. Bjørn Løken, 82 Interactive broadband services over satellite; Director. Petter Brodal Graphic design: Design Consult AS, Oslo Status Layout and illustrations: Gunhild Luke, Britt Kjus, Åse Aardal 93 Introduction; (Telenor R&D) Per Hjalmar Lehne Prepress: ReclameService as, Oslo 94 MExE and WAP overview; Erik Aslaksen Printing: Optimal as, Oslo 102 Overview of UMTS security for Release 99; Circulation: Geir Køien 4,000 Guest editorial Broadband services have been around since the Assume that a 1 GHz bandwidth is available per TV set was invented and broadcasting of moving basic radio cell. This is likely to be the case for pictures to the home started as a public service. the internationally adopted frequency bands (for We all consider this to be a natural part of every- Europe), from 40.5 to 42.5 GHz, as well as other day life, and it has been so for many years. Yet, bands above about 20 GHz. With such a band- to provide broadband communication services width and standard robust modulation and cod- to the residential area is still considered a very ing techniques, the gross capacity per radio cell challenging task. To provide broadband only will be between 1 and 2 Gbit/s. Using more in one direction is easy and cheap, to establish spectrum-efficient modulation techniques the a two-way broadband service is considerably capacity can with some limitations be increased, more difficult and may well become costly. for example to about 10 Gbit/s. With the typical Terje Tjelta (46) is Senior Re- radio cell size envisaged it is readily seen that search Scientist at Telenor An increasing number of people and companies several Mbit/s capacity is available per user. The Research and Development enjoy the benefit of fast personal computers with operation of the system however will not be a and holds an M.Sc. in physics from 1980 and a Ph.D. from a mass storage for vast amounts of data as well fixed average capacity per customer. It will vary 1997. He is working with radio as other equipment where high capacity trans- greatly from user to user and dynamically over systems, in particular high port of data is essential. Connecting them the day, perhaps from communication oriented capacity radio and radiowave propagation. He is currently through an access network that can support traffic at busy hours to entertainment oriented leading the Broadband Radio broadband communication at a reasonable cost traffic in the evenings. The traffic will be asym- Access area. He has partici- is mandatory to creating new businesses – irre- metric seen from the individual user’s point as pated in several international co-operative research projects spective of geographical location. well as from the total network. The challenging (for example ACTS AC215 point today is to make a radio system that dy- CRABS) as well as in the As the operator’s and service provider’s back- namically allocates capacity on the customer’s International Telecommuni- cation Union. bone networks already can carry a very high demand at a reasonable and flexible quality and traffic load, the only real technical obstacle to price. [email protected] providing the broadband services to the public is the bandwidth of the access network. In addi- The radio technology is mature and during the tion to TV channels such a broadband access last years an impressive international research, network will open for new services and create equipment development and international stan- new business opportunities. dardisation activity have been done. This holds even at very high frequencies, above 20 GHz, Interactive broadband services can be supplied where the necessary bandwidth is available for over cable networks, for example cable TV or supplying broadband services to many users. standard pairs of copper wires for telephone, and through the air using radio systems. Several of I am confident that ongoing development of the papers in this issue of Telektronikk argue that broadband radio access systems will offer solu- radio access offers cost-effective solutions for tions and services most people can afford and both private and business users. new businesses will be established where the broadband telecommunication connections play A broadband radio access system is cellular with a key role. cell size varying according to population and business density and radio wave propagation conditions. The typical cell is a few kilometres in diameter and the number of terminals per radio cell may well be in the order of thousands. The local climate and demographic data are important input factors for establishing radio access systems. One of the strengths of radio is the flexibility to adopt to the local constraints. It is easily and fast established with a capacity well designed for the actual market. When the market grows the radio system can easily in- crease the network capacity and still provide a high quality service. Telektronikk 1.2000 1 Broadband radio access for multimedia services TERJE TJELTA, AGNE NORDBOTTEN AND HARALD LOKTU Broadband services to every home at a storage capacity in an ordinary PC will very price most people can afford is a major soon exceed 100 GByte. The capacity of local challenge to any operator or service area networks (LANs) will in a few years in- provider and seems also to be requested crease from 10 Mbit/s to several Gbit/s. The traf- by a growing part of the population. The fic structure is, as already demonstrated by elec- services to be offered are the traditional tronic mail, gradually changing from a person to broadcast and high capacity communica- person connection to a person to many concept. tion, as well as new ones such as inter- Push delivery of large amounts of data to many active television, audio and video through is increasing fast. the Internet, education and telemedicine. Terje Tjelta (46) is Senior Research Many more will be created along with the The users are personal users, businesses working Scientist at Telenor Research and Development and holds an M.Sc. in development and deployment of broad- from home or home offices, as well as small and physics from 1980 and a Ph.D. from band networks. larger enterprises. A user may have several roles, 1997. He is working with radio sys- for example a passive viewer of entertainment tems, in particular high capacity radio and radiowave propagation. Radio offers a very interesting solution content or an active supplier of broadband infor- He is currently leading the Broad- to the last kilometre access part of the mation to smaller or larger groups of other users. band Radio Access area. He has network. It is interesting for several rea- Furthermore, the use of the network will vary participated in several international co-operative research projects (for sons: the service can be rolled out al- dynamically over the day, eg. from business example ACTS AC215 CRABS) as ready now, it is technically advantageous oriented activity during working hours to enter- well as in the International over cable systems, it is environmentally tainment oriented activity in the evenings. Telecommunication Union. friendly, and operators can invest gradu- [email protected] ally as the market grows. The main demands are cost-effective transport with guaranteed quality of service, perhaps at the This paper presents the current situa- users’ choice and an on-demand capacity they tion, discusses some technical issues are willing to pay for. The fibre based transport for deployment of broadband radio network already has an excess capacity, which is access, and indicates future systems easily upgraded through the use of wavelength requirements. It focuses on the low cost multiplexing. The bottleneck is the relatively ex- aspect of the ultimate solution providing pensive last kilometre connection – the access broadband services at a price most peo- network. Possible solutions to this problem are ple can accept. sought through upgrading of existing networks and development of new technologies. Radio 1 Introduction offers a solution where there are really no criti- Broadband access to every home has become a cal constraints limiting the services that can be Agne Nordbotten (62) is Research main goal for operators and users of communi- supplied. If the right operating frequency is cho- Manager for Satellite and Radio cation, broadcast and information technology.

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