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Proceedings 1St International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Proceedings 1st International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Knowledge Management (AI4KM 2012) th August, 28 , 2012, Montpellier, France Eunika Mercier-Laurent Nada Matta Mieczyslaw L. Owoc Ines Saad Editors Knowledge management is a large multidisciplinary field having its roots in Management and Artificial Intelligence. AI brought the way of thinking, knowledge modelling, knowledge processing and problem solving techniques. Knowledge is one of intangible capitals that influence the performance of organizations and their capacity to innovate. Since the beginning of the KM movement in the early nineties, companies and non profit organizations have been experiment various approaches, often without using AI. The objective of this multidisciplinary workshop is to gather both researchers and practitioners to discuss methodological, technical and organizational aspects of AI used for knowledge management and to share the feedback on KM applications using AI. AI4KM 2012 Program 8:30 Opening session Structured or natural knowledge representation for KM: 30 years of compromises between humans and machines, Jean Rohmer, Pole Universitaire Leonard de Vinci. 9:10 Session 1 Session chairs E. Mercier-Laurent Univ Lyon3, G. Kayakutlu ITU 9:10 From Community Memories to Corporate Memory - Daniel Galarreta and Pascale Riviere, CNES. 9:30. Contextual knowledge handled by an expert - Janina Jakubczyc and Mieczyslaw Owoc, 9:45.Artificial Intelligence for Knowledge Management with BPMN and Rules - Antoni Ligęza, Krzysztof Kluza, Grzegorz J. Nalepa and Tomasz Potempa 10:00 An argumentation based Rough Set Theory for Knowledge Management -Sarra Bouzayane, Imene Brigui and Inès Saad 10:15 Discussion 10:30 Coffee break 10:45 Session 2 Session chairs E. Mercier-Laurent Univ Lyon3, Otthein Herzog 10:45. Web User Navigation Patterns Discovery as Knowledge Validation challenge Pawel Weichbrot and Mieczyslaw Owoc 11:00 Kleenks:collaborative links in the Web of Data Razvan Dinu, Andrei-Adnan Ismail, Tiberiu Stratulat and Jacques Ferber 11:20 From Knowledge transmission to Sign sharing: Semiotic Web as a new paradigm for Teaching and Learning in the Future Internet Noel Conruyt, Véronique Sebastien, Olivier Sebastien and David Grosser. 11:40 Discussion 12: 00 lunch 13:40 Session 3 Session chairs E. Mercier-Laurent Univ Lyon3, Mieczyslaw L.Owoc 13 :40 Ontology Learning From Unstructured Data for Knowledge Management: A Literature Review Jens Obermann and Andreas Scheuermann 14 :00 Description Logic Reasoning in an Ontology-Based System for Citizen Safety in Urban Environment, Weronika T. Adrian, Antoni Ligęza and Grzegorz J. Nalepa. 14:20 Advanced System forAcquisition and Knowledge Management in Cultural Heritage Stefan Du Chateau, Danielle Boulanger and Eunika Mercier-Laurent. 14 :40 GAMELAN: A Knowledge Management Approach for Digital Audio Production Workflows Karim Barkati, Alain Bonardi, Antoine Vincent and Francis Rousseaux 14:55 Discussion 15:15 coffee break 15:30 Session 4 Session chairs E. Mercier-Laurent Univ Lyon3, Andreas Scheuermann 15:30 Interactive Knowledge Adaptation in Multiagent Environments, Tobias Warden, Hartmut Messerschmidt and Otthein Herzog. 15:50 Knowledge Management applied to Electronic Public Procurement Helena Lindskog, Eunika Mercier-Laurent and Danielle Boulanger. 16:10 Gulgun Kayakutlu and Ayca Altay. Collective intelligence for Evaluating Synergy in Collaborative Innovation 16 :25 Discussion 16 :40 Closing discussion – AI for KM Challenges AI4KM 2012 Invited talk Jean Rohmer - Pole Universitaire Leonard de Vinci Structured or natural knowledge representation for KM: 30 years of compromises between humans and machines Abstract: If we want to provide knowledge management with some artificial intelligence, we must achieve contradictory objectives: let humans interact with knowledge in a natural, acceptable format -not through formal notations. In another hand, machines can conduct automatic reasoning only if they operate on a precise, computable structuration of information. We will explore the various proposals in both directions over the past years, and contemplate some tracks for the future, taking into account modern hardware, software and practices, like social networks. We eventually will propose our own compromise, namely "litteratus calculus" 1 Overview of AI path in USSR and Ukraine. Up-to-date Just-In-Time Knowledge Concept K.M. Golubev General Knowledge Machine Research Group Abstract. This paper contains a short description of AI history in USSR and Ukraine. It describes also a state-of-the-art approach to intellectual activity support called Adaptive Learning based on the Just-In-Time Knowledge concept. It‘s kind of the Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Management fusion. To obtain more detailed information, please visit site http://gkm-ekp.sf.net. Keywords. adaptive learning, just-in-time knowledge, general knowledge machine, electronic knowledge publishing Introduction The history of computing and AI at particular in USSR is not widely known. The author tries to tell about remarkable people and ideas born in Soviet times in a hope that it could be interesting and inspiring. Information is derived from sources publicly accessible. The author tries also to tell about AI path in the post-Soviet times in Russia and Ukraine. The original approach to knowledge presentation and learning developed by General Knowledge Machine Group based in Kiev, Ukraine, is described. 1. Remembering a remarkable Soviet computing pioneer http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/12/remembering-remarkable-soviet- computing.html From Google Official Blog: ―December 25, 2011 In many parts of the world, today is Christmas—but in Russia and Eastern Europe, which use the Orthodox calendar, December 25 is just an ordinary day. Little known to most, however, it‘s also a day that marks the anniversary of a key development in European computer history. Sixty years ago today, in the Ukrainian capital of Kyiv, the Soviet Academy of Sciences finally granted formal recognition to Sergey Lebedev‘s pioneering MESM project. MESM, a Russian abbreviation for ―Small Electronic Calculating Machine,‖ is 2 regarded as the earliest, fully operational electronic computer in the Soviet Union—and indeed continental Europe. Recently we were privileged to get a first-hand account of Lebedev‘s achievements from Boris Malinovsky, who worked on MESM and is now a leading expert on Soviet- era computing. Described by some as the ―Soviet Alan Turing,‖ Sergey Lebedev had been thinking about computing as far back as the 1930‘s, until interrupted by war. In 1946 he was made director of Kyiv‘s Institute of Electrical Engineering. Soon after, stories of ―electronic brains‖ in the West began to circulate and his interest in computing revived. Figure 1. Sergey Lebedev* Initially, Lebedev‘s superiors were skeptical, and some in his team felt working on a ―calculator‖—how they thought of a computer—was a step backward compared to electrical and space systems research. Lebedev pressed on regardless, eventually finding funding from the Rocketry department and space to work in a derelict former monastery in Feofania, on the outskirts of Kyiv. Work on MESM got going properly at the end of 1948 and, considering the challenges, the rate of progress was remarkable. Ukraine was still struggling to recover from the devastation of its occupation during WWII, and many of Kyiv‘s buildings lay in ruins. The monastery in Feofania was among the buildings destroyed during the war, so the MESM team had to build their working quarters from scratch—the laboratory, metalworking shop, even the power station that would provide electricity. Although small—just 20 people—the team was extraordinarily committed. They worked in shifts 24 hours a day, and many lived in rooms above the laboratory. 3 Figure 2. MESM and team members in 1951. From left to right: Lev Dashevsky, Zoya Zorina-Rapota, Lidiya Abalyshnikova, Tamara Petsukh, Evgeniy Dedeshko MESM ran its first program on November 6, 1950, and went into full-time operation in 1951. In 1952, MESM was used for top-secret calculations relating to rocketry and nuclear bombs, and continued to aid the Institute‘s research right up to 1957. By then, Lebedev had moved to Moscow to lead the construction of the next generation of Soviet supercomputers, cementing his place as a giant of European computing. As for MESM, it met a more prosaic fate—broken into parts and studied by engineering students in the labs at Kyiv‘s Polytechnic Institute. *All photos thanks to ukrainiancomputing.org. Posted by Marina Tarasova, Communications Associate, Ukraine” 4 2. Victor Glushkov – Institute of Cybernetics Founder Figure 3. Victor Glushkov Victor Glushkov (August 24, 1923 – January 30, 1982) was the founding father of information technology in the Soviet Union (and specifically in Ukraine), and one of the founders of Cybernetics. He was born in Rostov-on-Don, Russian SFSR, in the family of a mining engineer. He graduated from Rostov State University in 1948, and in 1952 proposed solutions to the Hilbert's fifth problem and defended his thesis in Moscow State University. In 1956 he began working in computer science and worked in Kiev as a Director of the Computational Center of the Academy of Science of Ukraine. In 1958 he became a member of the Communist Party. He greatly influenced many other fields of theoretical computer science (including the theory of programming and artificial intelligence) as well as its applications in USSR. Glushkov founded a Kiev-based
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