DOCSLIB.ORG

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from the Wild Flora of Dobrogea (Romania)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from the Wild Flora of Dobrogea (Romania) Elvira GILLE, Ruxandra-Mihaela CREȚU, Camelia-Paula ȘTEFANACHE, Georgiana-Luminița GAVRIL, Manuela Elisabeta SIDOROFF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS FROM THE WILD FLORA OF DOBROGEA (ROMANIA) Piatra Neamt 2020 ISBN 978-973-0-33284-1 The National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences Bucharest/ „Stejarul” Biological Research Centre Piatra Neamt Elvira GILLE, Ruxandra-Mihaela CREȚU, Camelia-Paula ȘTEFANACHE, Georgiana-Luminița GAVRIL, Manuela Elisabeta SIDOROFF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS FROM THE WILD FLORA OF DOBROGEA (ROMANIA) Piatra Neamt 2020 This Monograph was achieved within the following research projects, financed by the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research: Increasing the research capacity and institutional performance of NIRDBS / PERFORM (Contract No. 22 PFE/17.10.2018); Nucleus Program BIODIVERS 2 (Contract No. 30N/2018), BIODIVERS 3 (Contract No. 25N/2019), Themes 401 and 103; Project TEVIS (Contract No. 192PED/2017, PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2016-1604); Project DANUBIUS–RI (“DANS”), Contract No. 10557/2018. Reviewers: Prof. univ. dr. Cătălin TĂNASE, corresponding member of the Romanian Academy; Prof. univ. dr. Ursula STĂNESCU, member of the Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences. Piatra Neamt, 2020 Published with the financial support of the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, Project No. 22 PFE/17.10.2018. Copyright © Elvira Gille, Ruxandra-Mihaela Crețu, Camelia-Paula Ștefanache, Georgiana-Luminița Gavril, Manuela Elisabeta Sidoroff http://www.incdsb.ro/en/ , http://ccb-stejarul.ro/ FOREWORD The monograph, entitled Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from the Wild Flora of Dobrogea (Romania), is meant for specialists in the domain, for the students and PhD students in the fields of Biology, Pharmacy, Forestry, Agriculture or Food Industry, as well as for other persons interested to know more aspects referring to the botanical description, traditional use, chemical composition, pharmacological activity, recommendations, and possible adverse reactions when using these plants. This monograph is the first work published in Romania, exclusively dedicated to the medicinal and aromatic plant species from the wild flora of Dobrogea, including the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, being achieved via a collaboration of specialists with remarkable results in the field. The work describes over 70 medicinal and aromatic plant species illustrated by original photos included in an annex of this work. The authors of this monograph critically analyzed, synthesized and put up to date information from the specialty literature, inserting with scientific accuracy the original contributions, referring to bringing up to date the concept of the identified species diversity in the studied areal, and also new aspects that aim the chorology or the presence in certain habitats, as well as appreciations on the phenophases of the described species. The expertise of the authors is sustained by national and international recognition, as a result of publishing scientific articles in prestigious journals, by the participation in many scientific meetings and the presence in the board of some congresses or scientific societies in Romania and abroad. As the authors coordinate research projects with national and international financing, they are engaged in the finalization of these scientific researches and in the formation of young researchers ready to approach similar themes. The monograph meets the present demands by multidisciplinary and polyvalent research directions that are considered to be current and of perspective in Pharmaceutical Botany, Pharmacognosy and Biochemistry, which are very useful in human and veterinary pathology. Furthermore, by publishing this monograph, aspects less known in literature are completed, presenting specialists` present day researches from countries with tradition in the study of medicinal and aromatic plant diversity, plants from the spontaneous flora that could be transferred into cultivation by classical and modern technologies. By the complexity of the approached problems, this work meets the demands of the special PhD training of the young PhD students in the field of Pharmacy as well as those of the ecosystem services and the sustainable use of natural resources. Concluding, we recommend the including into the editorial plan and the acceptance for publication. Professor univ. dr. Cătălin TĂNASE, corresponding member of the Romanian Academy “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi Faculty of Biology 700505, IASI, Bld. Carol I nr. 20A The book, entitled Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from the Wild Flora of Dobrogea (Romania), conceived as a result of studies that have been performed over a period of six years by a larger group of researchers, was elaborated in the framework of some research projects aiming to assess and characterize (biologically and chemically) the most important medicinal and aromatic plant species of Dobrogea (Romania), their use in traditional medicine, and their potential capitalization in modern medicine, respectively. Along with Romanians, Dobrogea is inhabited by several ethnic groups such as Turks, Tartars, Lippovans, Russians, Greeks, Bulgarians, Italians and Aromanians, a fact that renders the region a cultural diversity also reflected in local ethnomedicine. As a result of the discussions with local people, important data on local ethnomedicine were collected, data that represented a starting point in the selection of the species to be investigated and to, further on, achieve the writing of the book. Using these medicinal and aromatic plants of the studied area, one took into account the fact that the area comprises The Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve which is in a regime of a special biodiversity conservation. Out of the multitude of identified medicinal and aromatic plants, the authors made a selection of the most used ones, some of them being specific to Dobrogea, others being specific to the country and even to Europe. As such, in this work, the authors present over 70 species; each of the species has a short monograph comprising aspects as: botanical description, traditional and present use, chemical composition and known pharmacological action (due to known literature). This monograph collection has over 200 pages, with over 700 up-to-date bibliographical references, original photos taken in the investigated areas. This volume represents, as to our knowledge, the first data collection of this kind from the Dobrogea region, presented in a comprising enough monographic manner to become a reference bibliographic source for biologists and other specialists (pharmacists, doctors, chemists) interested by the subject. I must add, here, that from Valeriu Butura’s 1979 Romanian Ethnobotanical Encyclopedia (Editura Stiintifica si Enciclopedica) such a work has not been written in the last 4 decades. It is praiseworthy that the authors took their time to present an English version of the text so that it will be accessible to a great number of European specialists interested in the matter. The text is clear, although scientific, it is easily to be followed and the photos taken by Dr. Elvira Gille are not only original but also of good quality. Prof. Dr. Ursula Stănescu, Member of the Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences PREFACE This monograph, entitled Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from the Wild Flora of Dobrogea (Romania), is the result of the research activities performed over a period of six years within several research project implemented by The National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences Bucharest/ „Stejarul” Biological Research Centre Piatra Neamt. The information included in the present work is represented by the scientific data obtained following the ethnopharmaceutical surveys conducted in Dobrogea (including the Danube Delta area) and the developed experiments within the research projects (published and unpublished data), and also following the in depth analysis of the available scientific literature. The starting point in the achievement of this work was the collection of the ethnopharmaceutical data from local population characterized by a high ethnic and cultural diversity (Dobrogea is inhabited by Romanians, Turks, Tartars, Lippovans, Russians, Greeks, Bulgarians, Italians and Aromanians), also reflected in the local ethnomedicine. The locals provided data on the medicinal and aromatic plants known in the studied area, including collection sites, and their use in specific diseases. The special conservation status of The Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve was also taken into consideration when conceiving this monograph. This work presents a selection of over 70 medicinal and aromatic plant species, some of them widely used in the traditional and modern medicine, and others less known and used. Each species has a short and comprehensive monograph comprising important aspects regarding the botanical description, traditional and current uses, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and also precautions and adverse reactions on use. This monograph collection has over 200 pages, with over 700 up-to-date bibliographical references and original photos of the selected species. Due to the comprehensive nature of this work, the authors consider it as an important tool for specialists in many research fields such as Biology, Pharmacy, Agriculture and Food Industry, and also for students. Furthermore, it presents valuable information for the sustainable capitalization of the selected species, also through the transfer of the valuable
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bromfield Garden Plant List - 2009
    BROMFIELD GARDEN PLANT LIST - 2009 BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Acer circinatum vine maple Achillea millefolium yarrow Achillea millefolium 'Judity' yarrow 'Judity' Achillea millefolium 'La Luna' yarrow 'La Luna' Achillea millefolium 'Paprika' yarrow 'Paprika' Achillea millefolium 'Salmon' yarrow 'Salmon' Achillea millefolium 'Sonoma Coast' yarrow 'Sonoma Coast' Aesculus californica California buckeye Aquilegia formosa western columbine Arctostaphylos 'Pacific Mist' manzanita 'Pacific Mist' Arctostaphylos hookeri 'Ken Taylor' manzanita 'Ken Taylor' Aristolochia californica California pipevine Armeria maritima sea pink Artemisia pycnocephala sandhill sage Asarum caudatum wild ginger Aster chilensis California aster Aster chilensis dwarf California aster Baccharis pilularis 'Twin Peaks' dwarf coyote brush 'Twin Peaks' Berberis aquifolium var repens creeping Oregon-grape Berberis nervosa dwarf Oregon-grape Blechnum spicant deer fern Calycanthus occidentalis spice bush Camissonia cheiranthifolia beach evening primrose Carex tumulicola Berkeley sedge Carpenteria californica bush anenome Ceanothus 'Concha' wild lilac 'Concha' Ceanothus 'Tilden Park' wild lilac 'Tilden Park' Cercis occidentalis western redbud Cercocarpus betuloides mountain mahogany Clematis lasiantha chaparral clematis Cornus sericea creek dogwood Corylus cornuta western hazelnut Dicentra formosa western bleeding heart Dichondra donneliana pony's foot Dryopteris arguta coastal wood fern Dudleya caespitosa sea lettuce Dudleya farinosa bluff lettuce Dudleya pulverulenta chalk liveforever
    [Show full text]
  • Substances That Target Tumor Metabolism
    Biomedical Research 2011; 22 (2): 132-166 1181_On the metabolic origin of cancer: substances that target tumor metabolism. Maurice Israël 1 and Laurent Schwartz 2 1Biorebus 38 rue de Bassano 75008 Paris ; and 2 Av Aristide Briand 91440 Bures sur Yvette. France. 2LIX : Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau France ; and Hôpital Pitié- Salpêtrière, service de radiothérapie, 75013 Paris. Abstract. Work from our group and others clearly suggest the key role of altered metabolism in cancer. The goal of this review is to summarize current knowledge on cancer metabolism, draw hy- pothesis explaining metabolic alterations and associated gene changes. Most importantly, we indicate a list of possible pharmacological targets. In short, tumor metabolism displays mixed glycolysis and neoglucogenesis features; most glycolitic enzymes are activate, but the pyruvate kinase and the pyruvate deshydrogenase are inhibited. This would result from an activation of their specific kinases, or from the inactivation of phosphatases, such as PP2A, regulated by me- thylation. In parallel, the phosphatase failure would enhance “tyrosine kinase receptor” signals, as occurs with oncogenes. Such signaling pathways are similar to those activated by insuline, or IGF- Growth hormone; they control mitosis, cell survival, carbohydrate metabolism. If for some reason, their regulation fails (oncogenes, PP2A methylation deficit, enhanced kinases…) a typical tumor metabolism starts the carcinogenic process. We also describe changes in the citric acid- urea cycles, polyamines, and show how body stores feed tumor metabolic pathways above and below “bottlenecks” resulting from wrongly switched enzymes. Studying the available lit- erature, we list a number of medications that target enzymes that are essential for tumor cells.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Variability of the Bulgarian Endemic Betonica Bulgarica Degen Et Neič
    Acta Bot. Croat. 75 (1), 81–88, 2016 CODEN: ABCRA 25 DOI: 10.1515/botcro-2016-0020 ISSN 0365-0588 eISSN 1847-8476 Morphological variability of the Bulgarian endemic Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. (Lamiaceae) from Sinite Kamani Natural Park, Eastern Balkan Range Neli H. Grozeva1*, Mariya A. Gerdzhikova2, Dimitar H. Pavlov2, Galia D. Panayotova2, Mima H. Todorova2 1 Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 2 Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Growing, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria Abstract – Four populations of Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. at Sinite Kamani Natural Park were mor- phologically tested. Intrapopulation and interpopulation variabilities were established. The rеlationship be- tween morphological variability, number, area and ecological appurtenance of the studied populations were explored. The results demonstrated that the main source of phenotype variation is intrapopulation variability, mainly due to the age structure of populations. The most variable traits are height of stem and dimensions of leaves. The registered interpopulation variability was affected by the differences in altitude, soil type and dif- ferences in environmental conditions and soil properties. Indumentum and morphology of generative organs had taxonomic signifi cance for distinguishing B. bulgarica from the other species in the genus, including the species that were morphologically most similar to it – Betonica offi cinalis L. Keywords: Betonica bulgarica, morphology populations, variations Introduction not been subjected to detailed morphological studies. The polyphenol content in roots and above-ground parts has Endemic plants are an emblematic symbol of the Bul- been studied (Bankova et al. 1999). Data about the state of garian fl ora and one of the most sensitive and vulnerable B.
    [Show full text]
  • Chamaemelum Nobile (L.) All., Flos
    27 January 2011 EMA/HMPC/560733/2010 Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) List of references supporting the assessment of Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All., flos Draft The Agency acknowledges that copies of the underlying works used to produce this monograph were provided for research only with exclusion of any commercial purpose. Abramson W, Basch E, Cheung L, Dacey C, Giese N, Hashmi S, Santos A, Seamon E, Ulbricht C, Varghese M, Weissner W, Woods J. Chamomile (Matricaria recutita, Chamaemelum nobile). In: Ulbricht C, Basch E editors. Natural Standard Professional Database, Foods, Herbs & Supplements. Natural Standard Inc. 2010. Available at: http://www.naturalstandard.com/naturalstandard/monographs/monoframeset.asp?monograph=/mono graphs/herbssupplements/aux1- chamomile.asp&patientVersion=/monographs/herbssupplements/patient-chamomile.asp Accessed 01/07/2010. Abou-Zied EN, Rizk AM. Phytochemical investigation of Anthemis nobilis growing in Egypt. Qual Plant Mater Veg 1973, 22:141-144. Antonelli A, Fabbri C. Study on Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile L. All.) oil. JEOR 1998, 10:571-574. Augustin B, Javorka S, Giovannini R, Rom P. Magyar gyógynövények [Hungarian Herbal Drugs] I. Általános és leíró rész (I. General and describing part) Földművelésügyi Minisztérium, Budapest, 1948, 299-300. [Hungarian] Bail S, Buchbauer G, Jirovetz L, Denkova Z, Slavchev A, Stoyanova A, Schmidt E, Geissler M. Antimicrobial Activities of Roman Chamomile Oil From France and Its Main Compounds. JEOR 2009, 21:283-286. Balbaa SI, Zaki AY, El-Zalabani SM. The volatile oil of Anthemis nobilis L. growing in Egypt. Egypt J Pharmaceut Sci 1975, 16:161-173. Bandoniene D, Pukalskas A, Venskutonis PR, Gruzdiene D. Preliminary screening of antioxidant activity of some plant extracts in rapeseed oil.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix Color Plates of Solanales Species
    Appendix Color Plates of Solanales Species The first half of the color plates (Plates 1–8) shows a selection of phytochemically prominent solanaceous species, the second half (Plates 9–16) a selection of convol- vulaceous counterparts. The scientific name of the species in bold (for authorities see text and tables) may be followed (in brackets) by a frequently used though invalid synonym and/or a common name if existent. The next information refers to the habitus, origin/natural distribution, and – if applicable – cultivation. If more than one photograph is shown for a certain species there will be explanations for each of them. Finally, section numbers of the phytochemical Chapters 3–8 are given, where the respective species are discussed. The individually combined occurrence of sec- ondary metabolites from different structural classes characterizes every species. However, it has to be remembered that a small number of citations does not neces- sarily indicate a poorer secondary metabolism in a respective species compared with others; this may just be due to less studies being carried out. Solanaceae Plate 1a Anthocercis littorea (yellow tailflower): erect or rarely sprawling shrub (to 3 m); W- and SW-Australia; Sects. 3.1 / 3.4 Plate 1b, c Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade): erect herbaceous perennial plant (to 1.5 m); Europe to central Asia (naturalized: N-USA; cultivated as a medicinal plant); b fruiting twig; c flowers, unripe (green) and ripe (black) berries; Sects. 3.1 / 3.3.2 / 3.4 / 3.5 / 6.5.2 / 7.5.1 / 7.7.2 / 7.7.4.3 Plate 1d Brugmansia versicolor (angel’s trumpet): shrub or small tree (to 5 m); tropical parts of Ecuador west of the Andes (cultivated as an ornamental in tropical and subtropical regions); Sect.
    [Show full text]
  • Through Our French Window Gordon James
    ©Gordon James ©Gordon Through our French window Gordon James Fig. 1 Asphodelus ramosus n 2014 I wrote an article above the hamlet of Le attention – systematically I for this journal about Clapier where we have a perhaps, dealing with the the orchids that grow on small house, and covers an Ranunculaceae family first, and around a limestone area of perhaps 25km2 lying but that could prove a little plateau in Southern France 750–850m above sea level dull; or perhaps according to called the Plateau du which, together with the season. In the end I decided Guilhaumard, which is surrounding countryside, simply to pick out some of situated on the southern supports an extraordinarily our favourites. With a few edge of the great Causse rich range of plants besides exceptions all the plants du Larzac, a limestone orchids. mentioned in this article karst plateau in the south I wasn’t sure how best can be reached on foot from of the Massif Central. to introduce the plants our house by moderately fit Guilhaumard rises steeply I think deserve special pensioners like us! ©Gordon James ©Gordon James ©Gordon Fig. 2 Asphodelus ramosus Fig. 3 Narcissus assoanus 371 ©Gordon James ©Gordon James ©Gordon Fig. 4 Narcissus poeticus Fig. 5 Iris lutescens Despite its elevation, I will start with those summers are hot, as the plants which, at least for a Plateau is relatively far moment, carpet the ground toward the South of and foremost amongst these ©Gordon James ©Gordon France, though it can be is Asphodelus ramosus (syn. quite cold and snowy A.
    [Show full text]
  • Nightshade”—A Hierarchical Classification Approach to T Identification of Hallucinogenic Solanaceae Spp
    Talanta 204 (2019) 739–746 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Talanta journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/talanta Call it a “nightshade”—A hierarchical classification approach to T identification of hallucinogenic Solanaceae spp. using DART-HRMS-derived chemical signatures ∗ Samira Beyramysoltan, Nana-Hawwa Abdul-Rahman, Rabi A. Musah Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Plants that produce atropine and scopolamine fall under several genera within the nightshade family. Both Hierarchical classification atropine and scopolamine are used clinically, but they are also important in a forensics context because they are Psychoactive plants abused recreationally for their psychoactive properties. The accurate species attribution of these plants, which Seed species identifiction are related taxonomically, and which all contain the same characteristic biomarkers, is a challenging problem in Metabolome profiling both forensics and horticulture, as the plants are not only mind-altering, but are also important in landscaping as Direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry ornamentals. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry in combination with a hierarchical classification workflow Chemometrics is shown to enable species identification of these plants. The hierarchical classification simplifies the classifi- cation problem to primarily consider the subset of models that account for the hierarchy taxonomy, instead of having it be based on discrimination between species using a single flat classification model. Accordingly, the seeds of 24 nightshade plant species spanning 5 genera (i.e. Atropa, Brugmansia, Datura, Hyocyamus and Mandragora), were analyzed by direct analysis in real time-high resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS) with minimal sample preparation required.
    [Show full text]
  • Anchusa L. and Allied Genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy
    Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology Official Journal of the Societa Botanica Italiana ISSN: 1126-3504 (Print) 1724-5575 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tplb20 Anchusa L. and allied genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy F. SELVI & M. BIGAZZI To cite this article: F. SELVI & M. BIGAZZI (1998) Anchusa L. and allied genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy, Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, 132:2, 113-142, DOI: 10.1080/11263504.1998.10654198 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263504.1998.10654198 Published online: 18 Mar 2013. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 29 View related articles Citing articles: 20 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tplb20 Download by: [Università di Pisa] Date: 05 November 2015, At: 02:31 PLANT BIOSYSTEMS, 132 (2) 113-142, 1998 Anchusa L. and allied genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy F. SEL VI and M. BIGAZZI received 18 May 1998; revised version accepted 30 July 1998 ABSTRACT - A revision of the Italian entities of Anchusa and of the rdated genera Anchusella, Lycopsis, Cynoglottis, Hormuzakia and Pentaglottis was carried out in view of the poor systematic knowledge of some entities of the national flora. The taxonomic treatment relies on a wide comparative basis, including macro- and micromorphological, karyological, chorological and ecological data. After a general description of some poorly known microCharacters of vegetative and reproductive structures, analytical keys, nomenclatural types, synonymies, descriptions, distribution maps and iconographies are provided for each entity.
    [Show full text]
  • Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order
    Well-known plants in each angiosperm order This list is generally from least evolved (most ancient) to most evolved (most modern). (I’m not sure if this applies for Eudicots; I’m listing them in the same order as APG II.) The first few plants are mostly primitive pond and aquarium plants. Next is Illicium (anise tree) from Austrobaileyales, then the magnoliids (Canellales thru Piperales), then monocots (Acorales through Zingiberales), and finally eudicots (Buxales through Dipsacales). The plants before the eudicots in this list are considered basal angiosperms. This list focuses only on angiosperms and does not look at earlier plants such as mosses, ferns, and conifers. Basal angiosperms – mostly aquatic plants Unplaced in order, placed in Amborellaceae family • Amborella trichopoda – one of the most ancient flowering plants Unplaced in order, placed in Nymphaeaceae family • Water lily • Cabomba (fanwort) • Brasenia (watershield) Ceratophyllales • Hornwort Austrobaileyales • Illicium (anise tree, star anise) Basal angiosperms - magnoliids Canellales • Drimys (winter's bark) • Tasmanian pepper Laurales • Bay laurel • Cinnamon • Avocado • Sassafras • Camphor tree • Calycanthus (sweetshrub, spicebush) • Lindera (spicebush, Benjamin bush) Magnoliales • Custard-apple • Pawpaw • guanábana (soursop) • Sugar-apple or sweetsop • Cherimoya • Magnolia • Tuliptree • Michelia • Nutmeg • Clove Piperales • Black pepper • Kava • Lizard’s tail • Aristolochia (birthwort, pipevine, Dutchman's pipe) • Asarum (wild ginger) Basal angiosperms - monocots Acorales
    [Show full text]
  • A New Application for Phylogenetic Marker Development Using Angiosperm Transcriptomes Author(S): Srikar Chamala, Nicolás García, Grant T
    MarkerMiner 1.0: A New Application for Phylogenetic Marker Development Using Angiosperm Transcriptomes Author(s): Srikar Chamala, Nicolás García, Grant T. Godden, Vivek Krishnakumar, Ingrid E. Jordon- Thaden, Riet De Smet, W. Brad Barbazuk, Douglas E. Soltis, and Pamela S. Soltis Source: Applications in Plant Sciences, 3(4) Published By: Botanical Society of America DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/apps.1400115 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3732/apps.1400115 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. ApApplicatitionsons Applications in Plant Sciences 2015 3 ( 4 ): 1400115 inin PlPlant ScienSciencesces S OFTWARE NOTE M ARKERMINER 1.0: A NEW APPLICATION FOR PHYLOGENETIC 1 MARKER DEVELOPMENT USING ANGIOSPERM TRANSCRIPTOMES S RIKAR C HAMALA 2,12 , N ICOLÁS G ARCÍA 2,3,4 * , GRANT T . G ODDEN 2,3,5 * , V IVEK K RISHNAKUMAR 6 , I NGRID E.
    [Show full text]
  • Achillea Millefolium L
    SPECIES Achillea millefolium L. Tribe: Anthemideae Family: Asteraceae USDA CODE: Order: Asterales Subclass: Asteridae ACMI2 Class: Magnoliopsida FEIS CODE: D. Kopp 2009 San Bernardino Mtns. ACHMIL A. Montalvo 2010 Monterey Co. coast; tripinnate, pubescent form A. Montalvo 2010 Monterey Co. Subspecific taxa JepsonOnline 2010 and FNA 2010 do not recognize subspecific taxa of A. millefolium . The USDA PLANTS database (viewed Sept. 24, 2010) recognizes 12 subspecific taxa as occurring in North America: Taxon introduced and naturalized in North America (thought to be native to Europe): NRCS CODES: 1. A. m. L. var. millefolium 1. ACMIM2 Taxa native to California: 2. ACMIA 2. A. m. L. var. alpicola (Rydb.) Garrolt 3. ACMIA2 3. A. m. L. var. arenicola (Heller) Nobs 4. ACMIC 4. A. m. L. var. californica (Pollard) Jepson 5. ACMIG 5. A. m. L. var. gigantea (Pollard) Nobs 6. ACMIO 6. A. m. L. var. occidentalis (DC.) Hyl. 7. ACMIP 7. A. m. L. var. pacifica (Rydb.) G.N.Jones 8. ACMIP2 8. A. m. L. var. puberula (Rydb.) Nobs. 9. ACMIB Additional taxa outside California (mostly northerly): 10. ACMIL2 9. A. m. L. var. borealis (Bong.) Farw. 11. ACMIM5 10. A. m. L. var. litoralis (Ehrend.) Nobs 12. ACMIN 11. A. m. L. var. megacephala (Raup) Bolvin. 12. A. m. L. var. nigrescens E. Mey. Synonyms (USDA PLANTS) 2. A. alpicola (Rydb.) Rydb.; A. fusca Rydb.; A. lanulosa Nutt. ssp. alpicola (Rydb.) D.D. Keck; A. l. Nutt. var. alpicola Rydb.; A. m. L. var. fusca (Rydb.) G.N. Jones; A. subalpina Greene Taxa numbered as above 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Products As Alternative Choices for P-Glycoprotein (P-Gp) Inhibition
    Review Natural Products as Alternative Choices for P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) Inhibition Saikat Dewanjee 1,*, Tarun K. Dua 1, Niloy Bhattacharjee 1, Anup Das 2, Moumita Gangopadhyay 3, Ritu Khanra 1, Swarnalata Joardar 1, Muhammad Riaz 4, Vincenzo De Feo 5,* and Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq 6,* 1 Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; [email protected] (T.K.D.); [email protected] (N.B.); [email protected] (R.K.); [email protected] (S.J.) 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ADAMAS University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India; [email protected] 3 Department of Bioechnology, ADAMAS University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India; [email protected] 4 Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal 18050, Pakistan; [email protected] 5 Department of Pharmacy, Salerno University, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy 6 Environment Science Department, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.D.); [email protected] (V.D.F.); [email protected] (M.Z.-U.-H.) Academic Editor: Maria Emília de Sousa Received: 11 April 2017; Accepted: 15 May 2017; Published: 25 May 2017 Abstract: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is regarded as one of the bottlenecks of successful clinical treatment for numerous chemotherapeutic agents. Multiple key regulators are alleged to be responsible for MDR and making the treatment regimens ineffective. In this review, we discuss MDR in relation to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and its down-regulation by natural bioactive molecules. P-gp, a unique ATP-dependent membrane transport protein, is one of those key regulators which are present in the lining of the colon, endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier (BBB), bile duct, adrenal gland, kidney tubules, small intestine, pancreatic ducts and in many other tissues like heart, lungs, spleen, skeletal muscles, etc.
    [Show full text]