tered that were not satisfactorily disposed of by Koyama in his Cyperaceae of Micronesia of Cyperaceae his in Koyama by of disposed satisfactorily not were that tered
coides
(1964). are
yeu odoratus Cyperus
a. Hist. Nat. rm hc ti fgr ws rw rpeet te pce wdl kon as known widely species the represents drawn was figure this which from ih a one ot yDny nEe! F. S. Fl. Exel!, in Dandy by out pointed as Rich,
Asia.
rl aite, n t wih e ae o hd ces ic, r nt ie o rfre to referred or cited not are since, access had not have we which to and varieties, eral
270, es f nlrsec, nls f nlrsec bacig lnt ad ubr f lrt in florets of number and length branching, inflorescence of angles inflorescence, of ness pklt, egh n wdh flae adbat, t. eald td my eel eea or several reveal may study Detailed etc. bracts, and leaves of width and length spikelets,
aite. ieie ms seies eerd o nte ieaue hc w hv nt seen not have we which literature the in to referred specimens most Likewise, varieties. r nt considered. not are
ay utx, oe f hc Kieta (.. hs one ot W r mitiig var. maintaining are We out. pointed has (I.e.) Kiikenthal which of some subtaxa, many novae-hannoverae,
yeu odoratus Cyperus
Abstract-Critical fteMcoein aite of varieties Micronesian the of
nov.,
o. lcotpfcto of lecto-typification nov., w useis of subspecies two
hl ptig nodr h Mcoein aclr lns svrl tm wr encoun- were items several Plants, Vascular Micronesian the order in putting While
20 (101: 20
We are using are We
This species is pantropical and reaches temperate areas in North America and eastern and America North in areas temperate reaches and pantropical is species This
Cyperus ferax
Toruliniumferax Certain
e bevd n he cletos "is Mariannes, "lies collections, three on observed We
n Guam, and
It
Gu. Kern. (Gaud.)
u itrrttos f hs polm ae rsne hr. h seis el with dealt species The here. presented are problems these of interpretations Our
setariaiy oyopi i uh etrs s ttr, opeiy n open- and complexity stature, as features such in polymorphic extraordinarily is
var.
1: 116, 1:
olcin ta w xmnd eoe ercgie teeitne fte sev- the of existence the recognized we before examined we that collections
curtispirnlus
I)
:
1-1, 1935; 615-617,
ace 43, Marche
C. odoratus C.
t.
aheia mariscoides Machaerina
L.
L.
Department of Botany of Department
eonzd yKieta, n to aite nwy ecie by described newly varieties two and Kiikenthal, by recognized
notes on notes
74
.R FOSBERG R. F. and
(L.
L.,
p Pl. Sp.
. ih, c. o. it Nt Prs I: Paris Nat. Hist. Soc. Act. Rich., C.
Smithsonian
oe nMcoein Cyperaceae Micronesian on Notes
var.
Fig.
1.
C.
Fimbristylis
ibitls autumnalis Fimbristylis
several
o. n var. and nov.
yeu odoratus Cyperus
Rich
1,
Cyperus
6 1753. 46,
for this species, as the type is Sloane's figure (Voy. Jamaica figure Sloane's is type the as species, this for
ht per t b vvpr, r ehp "eeaie apo- "vegetative perhaps or vivipary, be to appears what
1707)
Micronesian Cyperaceae are offered, including an arrangement an including offered, are Cyperaceae Micronesian
.
oaa Micronesica Koyama, lnstillltion
r. Symb Urb. )
aummnalis
odoratus
Introduction
,
National
n te lae pcmn t M Vl I, fol. II, (Vol. BM at specimen Sloane the and
novae-hannoverae
Gu. Kern. (Gaud.)
MARIE-HELtNE
,
Washington,
L.,
f.
Museum
Tome
L.
.
nldn var. including
hemisphaerica
Antill.
in Micronesia in
(L.)
6, 1944. 369,
of
D
(Boeck
Nafllral
R.
.
: 6, 1900. 165, 2:
C
1: 100, 1964. 100, 1:
.
SACHET
20560
S and S. &
Gaudichaud,"
odorallls,
Kiikenthal,
.
) Fosberg )
History
0, 1792; 106,
var.
aheia maris- Machaerina
&
n rdcin of reduction and
attenuallls
aht comb. Sachet,
Kiik.,
C. ferax
Rota,
var.
fr IV, Pflr.
Marche
L.
u:,
46)
C.
. .
,
,
3
.
C.
..
(US,
Agaiia
novae-
...
odoratus
attenuatus
..
var.
(US, BISH,
(US, BISH,
curtispiculus
(US);
var.
...... 2
of Piti, G.
(US) (inflores-
.
var.
.
var.
......
(US, BISH, POM
.
.
Fosberg 60200
.
Evans 1101
...
.
I.,
(US, BISH, POM, L).
C. Moore 283
Fosberg 47024
(US, BISH, POM, NY); near
Cyperus odoratus
Fosberg 59670 (US, BISH, POM, NY, L);
......
..
.
.
.
NY).
Cyperus odoratus
.
.
.
Cyperus odoratus
..
Fosberg 47262Fosberg
CYPERUS ODORATUS
.
Cyperus odoratus
..
(US).
..
772 (US, UC); I mi S
(US);
.....
...
Evans46913
(US); Fananu
......
.
.
.
Wong 25487
(US); Falalis,
.
(US, BISH, POM, L); Wettengel Junction
.
&
.
......
Rodin
(US).
.
&
.
.
D. Anderson 751
(US)
Micronesica
Bates 116
(US, BISH, POM,
Canfield 708
&
Fosberg
florets
florets ..
I., Evans 1051
Evans 503
Evans 631 Fosberg
I.,
(US, BISH, POM); Moen Sapou,
I.,
Evans 1259
1-2
(not seen).
I.,
3-5
I.,
(US); up River,Ylig 1/2 mi G.
(US, BISH, POM, L, MO, CANB) (tending toward var
,
Abbott
Evans 1333
Leue Village,
.
of Ylig River,
odoratus
I.
(US),
44
.
I.,
I.,
I.,
Fosberg 31843
L. var.
Hofer
G.E.S. 305
(US, BISH, POM, NY).
s.l.
Fosberg 24701
Sabana,
I.,
(US); Pipeline Road in Chaot River Ravine,
Fosberg 46961
I.,
KEY TO MICRONESIANOF VARIETIES
Spikelets mostly of
Ph. Moore 805
I.,
.
Rota
2. MARIANAS: Yap,s.l., 404 (not Volkens seen). 2. Spikelets of mostly Ulithi Atoll, Mogmog This is the form with elongate linear spikelets with many florets and the rhachilla Saipan
Guam, s.l., CAROLINE ISLANDS: Lamotrek Atoll, Lamotrek Palau, Kayangel, Ngeriungs Woleai Atoll, Falalop, Murilo Atoll, Murilo Nomwin Atoll, Nomwin Losap Atoll, Losap Ifaluk Atoll, Ifaluk Falalap
Truk Group, Moen
hannoverae
166
mixis," growth of small plantlets from the panicle. It is interesting that this has not been
observed in the numerous modern collections of this species. I. Spikelets of mostly lessthan 6 florets ......
I. Spikelets of mostly 6 or more florets
novae-hannoverae).
Cyperus odoratus 3. rhachis,to rightangles Spikeletssetreflexedat or disarticulating at maturity. It is common in wet places on almost every island in Micro- Fosberg 35302 3. Spikelets strongly ascending ...... nesia where therehabitats are for it. Its apparent scarcity on the high Caroline Islands and the absence of collections from Kosrae (Kusaie) are probably accidents of collecting.
L,MO) Baker dock,
cence very congested); S POM, L). Springs, Falalap BISH, POM, NY, K, BRI)
POM, L).
Moore 180
corymbiform inflorescence, that of the Faraulap specimen corymbiform but smaller. smaller. but corymbiform specimen Faraulap the of that inflorescence, corymbiform
to have typical typical have to
pedunculate or not, rarely branched near base; spikelets patent to reflexed, linear, terete, terete, linear, reflexed, to patent spikelets base; near branched rarely not, or pedunculate
(prophylls (prophylls
holotype). holotype). peduncles bearing one or more spikes, corymbs and spikes bracteate, sheaths of bracts bracts of sheaths bracteate, spikes and corymbs spikes, more or one bearing peduncles
on peduncles of varying length, up to 16 cm, these in turn with either spikes or smaller smaller or spikes either with turn in these 16 cm, to up length, varying of peduncles on
ously bracteate, bracts to several times as long as inflorescence, 6- 7 secondary corymbs corymbs secondary 7 6- inflorescence, as long as times several to bracts bracteate, ously
the western Carolines, both low coral atolls. The Ailinglapalap specimen has a large open open large a has specimen Ailinglapalap The atolls. low coral both Carolines, western the
Cyperus odoratus odoratus Cyperus
strongly tapering. These differences seem to warrant varietal status. status. varietal warrant to seem differences These tapering. strongly
angles or reflexed, giving the plant a very different appearance. The spikelets are rather rather are spikelets The appearance. different very a plant the giving reflexed, or angles
Cyperus odoratus odoratus Cyperus
3381 3381
BISH, POM). POM). BISH,
AOIE ISLANDS CAROLINE
These specimens were at first suspected to belong to some other species, but proved proved but species, other some to belong to suspected first at were specimens These
Ailinglapalap Atoll, Airik (part of Ailinglapalap Islet}, 0-2 m, m, 0-2 Islet}, Ailinglapalap of (part Airik Atoll, Ailinglapalap
MARSHALL ISLANDS: ISLANDS: MARSHALL
Faraulap Atoll, Faraulap Islet, Islet, Faraulap Atoll, Faraulap utdpatt al ifoecne23 ie opud crmiom conspicu- corymbiform, compound, times 2-3 inflorescence m tall, l to plant Tufted
bus plerumque bracteatis, l-2 floribus. floribus. l-2 bracteatis, plerumque bus
We have specimens only from Ailinglapalap, in the Marshall Islands, and Faraulap in in Faraulap and Islands, Marshall in the Ailinglapalap, from We only have specimens
As in var. var. in As
Planta altior, panicula decomposita, ultimis ramulis spicatis elongatis, spiculis tereti- spiculis elongatis, spicatis ramulis ultimis decomposita, panicula altior, Planta
Roxb., Fl. Ind., ed. l, I: 209, 1820. 1820. 209, I: l, ed. Ind., Fl. Roxb.,
A var. novae-hannoverae spiculis valde ascendentibus differt. differt. ascendentibus valde spiculis novae-hannoverae var. A
Cyperus digitatus digitatus Cyperus
Tarawa Atoll, Bikenibeu Bikenibeu Atoll, Tarawa
GILBERT ISLANDS: ISLANDS: GILBERT
Jaluit Atoll, Pinlep Pinlep Atoll, Jaluit
Kwajalein Atoll, Kwajalein Kwajalein Atoll, Kwajalein
Lae Atoll, Lae Lae Atoll, Lae
Wotho Atoll, Wotho Wotho Atoll, Wotho
MARSHALL ISLANDS: ISLANDS: MARSHALL
Ponape, s.l., Gibbon 1131 (not seen). seen). (not 1131 Gibbon s.l., Ponape,
Lukunor Atoll, Lukunor Lukunor Atoll, Lukunor
Arno Atoll, Ine Ine Atoll, Arno
Majuro Atoll, Wend of of Majuro Wend Atoll, Majuro
Likiep Atoll, Likep Likep Atoll, Likiep
Ailuk Atoll, Ailuk Ailuk Atoll, Ailuk
Butaritari Atoll, Butaritari Butaritari Atoll, Butaritari
(US). (US).
?) ?)
enclosing bases of peduncles, spikes elongate to 5 cm, 3-6 mm wide, wide, mm 3-6 cm, 5 to elongate spikes peduncles, of bases enclosing
Torulinium Torulinium
novae-hannoverae novae-hannoverae
var. var.
var. var.
I., I.,
I., I.,
Fosberg 34014 34014 Fosberg
curtispiculus curtispiculus
attenuatus attenuatus
sensu Fosberg et al., Smiths. Contr. Bot. 22: 15, 1975, non non 1975, 15, 22: Bot. Contr. Smiths. al., et Fosberg sensu
I., I.,
I., I.,
I., I.,
Anderson 3616 3616 Anderson
I., I.,
spikelets, merely oriented differently on the rhachis. rhachis. the on differently oriented merely spikelets,
Fosberg 33967 33967 Fosberg
Fosberg 39465 39465 Fosberg
: :
Fosberg 27043 27043 Fosberg
Fosberg 34260 34260 Fosberg
I., I.,
I., I.,
I., I.,
Anderson 2153 2153 Anderson
Sachet 1431 1431 Sachet
I., I.,
Vol. 20. December 1987 1987 December 20. Vol.
Herbst & Allerton 2737 2737 Allerton & Herbst
but spikelets strongly ascending, rather than at right right at than rather ascending, strongly spikelets but
Fosberg Fosberg
Fosberg Fosberg
I. I.
Fosberg 26484 26484 Fosberg
(Laura), (Laura),
Fosberg & Sachet, var. nov. nov. var. Sachet, & Fosberg
(US, BISH). BISH). (US,
(US, BISH); Taklip Taklip BISH); (US,
(US, BISH). BISH). (US,
(US). (US).
& &
& &
(US); Lado Lado (US);
(US, BISH). BISH). (US,
(US). (US).
Fosberg 26961 26961 Fosberg
Evans 47375 47375 Evans
Sachet, var. nov. nov. var. Sachet,
(US, BISH, POM, NY, L). L). NY, POM, BISH, (US,
(US}, (US},
I., I.,
(US). (US).
31172 31172
Fosberg 33845 33845 Fosberg
(US). (US).
(US, BISH, POM, NY, L) NY, POM, BISH, (US,
I., I.,
(US, BISH); BISH); (US,
Anderson 3741 3741 Anderson
Fosberg 26875 26875 Fosberg
U, BISH) (US,
Wagner Wagner
(US, (US,
(US, (US,
167 167
. . . . &
seen).
Herbst
(not
14295
Roxb. of Subgenus
(US); 460 m
(US).
Bot. Jahrb. 59: 4, 46, 1924;
Ledermann
230
(US); behind village in wooded
(US).
Kiik.,
5: 91, 1884.
.
)
.
Cyperus digitatus
Hosaka 3039A
Blackburn
(US);
(Boeck.) Fosberg & Sachet, comb. nov.
(Boeck
scales and florets, some florets subtended by
florets, but they mostly had strongly ascending
Falanruw /962
Micronesica
1-2
Falanruw /600
1-2
Boeck., Bot. Jahrb
25 (not seen). Babeldaob,
Fosberg 25027
(US).
(US, holotype).
in 1941 (KYO).
novae-hannoverae
novae-hannoverae
.
var.
var.
Raymundus
Nakao
(US)
Necker R95
mm apart, reduced to
s.l.
Sabana, 480 m,
Raulerson 5784
1-2
I.:
a plant to which it has a marked superficial resemblance, but the details of the
Palau: Koror,
Cyperus novae-hannoverae Cyperus ferax Pflr. IV, 20(101: I): 618, 1935.
MARIANAS: Rota
CAROLINE ISLANDS:
Plants with similarly short spikelets are found also in tropical America and may be-
This is a plant with short terete spikelets, with mostly 3-5 florets, spikelets at to 90° Rota, s.l., Palau: Ngerebeched taro swamp, Koror, Ponape:
MARIANAS: Anatahan, trail north of village going through three ravines to rocky cliffs ofcoast, N
CAROLINE ISLANDS:
This is an extreme form in complexity of inflorescence and in reduction of spikelets
Babeldaob,
further segregation on other characters, or reveal that this merits only the rank of forma.
varietal rank.
specimens nor those cited by Kiikenthal, which may have been destroyed in the Berlin herbarium bombing. We refer some of our Micronesian specimens and several other Pa-
not "pauperior" as described by Kiikenthal.
long here, or study of the whole range of plants in detail may eventually either result in
rachis, or reflexed; it probably deserves recognition. We have not seen either Boeckeler's Falanruw 6705 cific ones here on the basis of the description of the spikelets, though the inflorescence is
Our plants seem to form arecognizable entity and for the present maintainwe the group at at W end of N coast, below 250 ft., ravine, NW corner of island, 200 ft., 168
mental aspects of the inflorescence. This may best be done in Micronesia where living plants may be seen in different stages and in different habitats. Cyperus odoratus Cyperus,
mens from other areas revealed a few South American and West Indian specimens with similarly reduced spikelets with only spikelets in shorter spikes and hence presented a different aspect. We do not dispose of them but do not think they belong this in variety. The Micronesian populations of this and the two other varieties admitted here merit further careful study, particularly the develop-
spikelets are very different. To the best of our knowledge, plants with this combination of characters and aspect are only found in Micronesia. Examination of a large range of speci-
spaced to
spikelets.
to one or two florets. earlierWe misidentified it as
ovate-acute to linear subulate or flagelliform bractlets up to as long as or longer than
Bates 134 134 Bates
citation is an error, as it should have been been have should it as error, an is citation
Machaerina mariscoides mariscoides Machaerina
not show the essential character of the form very well. Hence, Hence, well. very form the of character essential the show not
cence) cence) plicates in US, as as US, in plicates
Fimbristylis autumnalis autumnalis Fimbristylis
this number to indicate that he had seen it, as he did with the other two. two. other the with did he as it, seen had he that indicate to number this
sheet. A further reason for excluding G.E.S. 241 is that Kiikenthal (I.e.) did not add add not did (I.e.) Kiikenthal that is 241 G.E.S. excluding for reason further A sheet.
eetd rmtetresnye a ettp. ic te eln he fti ubr stud- number, this of sheet Berlin the Since lectotype. as syntypes three the from selected
medicine." medicine."
ied by Kiikenthal, was probably destroyed, the US sheet may be regarded as the lectotype lectotype the as regarded be may sheet US the destroyed, probably was Kiikenthal, by ied
1172 1172
We have no difficulty in accepting Koyama's (1956, 1964) transfer of the "Baumea" "Baumea" the of transfer 1964) (1956, Koyama's accepting in difficulty no have We
209, 1882. 1882. 209,
C/adium mariscoides mariscoides C/adium
59, 1905. 1905. 59,
Machaerina mariscoides mariscoides Machaerina Truk Group: Group: Truk
Machaerina mariscoides mariscoides Machaerina
Baumea mariscoides mariscoides Baumea
New Guinea: Ulalla, near Oro Bay, Bay, Oro near Ulalla, Guinea: New
NON MICRONESIAN: MICRONESIAN: NON
Kiikenthal cited three collections of his forma forma his of collections three cited Kiikenthal Arno Atoll, Ine Ine Atoll, Arno
Ifaluk Atoll, Falarik Falarik Atoll, Ifaluk
C/adium gaudichaudii gaudichaudii C/adium
Ailinglapalap Atoll, Bikajle Bikajle Atoll, Ailinglapalap f. f.
Majuro Atoll, Uliga Uliga Atoll, Majuro
Woleai Atoll, Falalis Falalis Atoll, Woleai Arno Atoll, Toklep Toklep Atoll, Arno
MARSHALL MARSHALL ISLANDS:
Cladium co/podes co/podes Cladium oae M. ooo, 0 ft 600 Tolotom, Mt. Ponape:
Mortlock ls.: Satawan Atoll, Kutu Kutu Atoll, Satawan ls.: Mortlock
Sumatra: Sigamata, near Rantau Parapat, Bila, Bila, Parapat, Rantau near Sigamata, Sumatra:
Hall ls.: Namonuito Atoll, Piseras Piseras Atoll, Namonuito ls.: Hall
1964. 1964.
(US). (US).
"bukor." "bukor."
hemisphaerica hemisphaerica
(US) "gutrugutr." "gutrugutr." (US)
2. Lectotypification of of Lectotypification 2.
3. The subspecies of of subspecies The 3.
Wona Wona
McGregor 241, 441, 537, 537, 441, 241, McGregor
I., I.,
Kiik., Kiik.,
Lauterb. in Schum. & Lauterb., Fl. deutsch. Schutzgeb. Siidsee Siidsee Schutzgeb. deutsch. Fl. Lauterb., & Schum. in Lauterb.
E. E.
(Moen) (Moen)
I., I.,
I., I.,
I., I.,
var. var.
Gaud
(Gaud.) Kern, Acta Bot. Neerl. 8: 266, 1959. 1959. 266, 8: Neerl. Bot. Acta Kern, (Gaud.)
L. L.
(Gaud.) (Gaud.)
W. W.
E. E.
I., I.,
Fosberg 31197 31197 Fosberg
Abbott Abbott
Bot. Bot.
Stone 1005 1005 Stone
(Gaud.) Kern ssp. ssp. Kern (Gaud.)
complanata complanata
L. L.
F. Wight in Safford, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 9: 230, 1905. 1905. 230, 9: Herb. Nat. U.S. Contr. Safford, in Wight F.
ssp. ssp.
., .,
Alkire 79 79 Alkire
I., I.,
I., I.,
Stone 1033 1033 Stone
.
Bot. Voy. Uranie 417, 1829. 1829. 417, Uranie Voy. Bot.
Jahrb. 59: 6, 1924. 1924. 6, 59: Jahrb.
Vol. 20. December 1987 1987 December 20. Vol. , ,
Fimbristylis autumnalis autumnalis Fimbristylis
Machaerina mariscoides mariscoides Machaerina
F. F.
Pelzer 62a 62a Pelzer
Glassman 2864 2864 Glassman
colpodes colpodes
& &
1
-
Villar, in Blanco, Fl. Philip. ed. III, Nov. App., App., Nov. III, ed. Philip. Fl. Blanco, in Villar,
Bates 68 68 Bates
3 m, m, 3
I., I.,
I., I.,
Russell Russell
U)(ey lne, eaprt, ml inflores- small depauperate, slender, (very (US)
Guam Experiment Station 241. 241. Station Experiment Guam
Anderson 1218 1218 Anderson
Evans 873 873 Evans
(US) "lu yaliihush" "whole plant used in in used plant "whole yaliihush" "lu (US)
(US). (US).
Fosberg 26838 26838 Fosberg
U) "bokor (US)
(Lauterb.) Koyama, Micronesica I: 103, 103, I: Micronesica Koyama, (Lauterb.)
not designating any one as type. The first first The type. as one any designating not
(US) "manow." "manow." (US)
(US) "gutrugutr." Falalap Falalap "gutrugutr." (US)
in 1943 (US) 1943 in
mariscoides
hemisphaerica, hemisphaerica,
(US) (US)
Toroes 3149 3149 Toroes
(US); Murilo Atoll, Ruo Ruo Atoll, Murilo (US);
"use-n-ant" "use-n-ant"
.
(US). (US).
" "
f. f.
(US) "pukur." "pukur." (US)
. .
in Micronesia Micronesia in
. .
hemisphaerica hemisphaerica
(US). (US).
McGregor 441 441 McGregor
all represented by du- by represented all
"used "used
The third does does third The
I., I.,
in soap." soap." in
Abbott Abbott
I., I.,
is here here is
Evans Evans
! !
169 169
to to & & 170 Micronesica and "Vincentia" species groups from Cladium P. Br. to Machaerina Yahl. That such a careful and conservative cyperologist as J. H. Kern (1959) accepted this disposition strengthens our impression that it is a sound arrangement. We have not been so confident that the Palau plants of Machaerina mariscoides (Gaud.) Kern could be separated as done by Koyama (1964) into subspecies mariscoides and colpodes (Lauterb.) Koyama. Guam and Yap specimens, as well as some from Palau, have been regarded as be- longing to subsp. mariscoides, though under several names. The two have been separated by the spikelets of subsp. mariscoides being in groups of (l)-2-4, while those of ssp. colpodes are "congested in heads 5-8 mm across," plus minor characters of leaf length and width, inflorescence length, and average differences in relative length of body and beak of achene (style-base), and length of spikelet. Difficulty in placing some Guam and Palau specimens in one or other of these sub- species drew our attention to the weak nature of the variation in the characters purporting to separate the two. Although the length and width of leaves varied from collection to collection, there seems no correlation with any other character except perhaps size or vigor of the clump. Most of the inflorescences seen are under 20 cm long. Some specimens certainly have the hairy portion of the style (beak?) longer than others and there is some variation in the length of the body of the achene. The degree of condensation of the ultimate panicle- branches seems to show continuous variation rather than any clear breaks. The extremes, indeed, look different. Correlation between any of these variations is scarcely, if at all, evident. The only geographic tendencies that we can see are that plants from Guam do not have as much tendency toward glomerules or "heads" of spikelets as those on Palau. But certainly some Guam specimens show glomerules of at least 5 or 6 spikelets. In this character as much variation occurs in a single panicle as between plants. We do not regard any of these dif- ferences as characterizing geographically separate populations, at least in the Micronesian material we have seen. We do not have enough specimens available of "Machaerina colpodes" or M. mariscoides from New Guinea or Malesia to support an opinion about their validity as species or subspecies outside Micronesia. Cladium gaudichaudii W. F. Wight was a new name proposed to replace Cladium mariscoides (Gaud.) F. Villar (1882) non (Muhl.) Torrey (1836). In Machaerina, there is no obstacle to using the epithet mariscoides. Specimens examined: MARIANAS: Guam: Cross Island Rd., just E. of Apra Heights, 100 m, Fosberg 39241 (US); above Tenjo Vista, 130 m, Fosberg 35219 (US); I km N. of Tenjo, Stensland in 1953 (US); S. of Asan Point and Piti, 100 m, Anderson 81 (US); Asan, G.E.S. 258 (US); N. E. side Mt. Tenjo, 700-800 ft., Steere 164 (US); Mt. Tenjo and Mt. Reconnaissance area, 800 ft., Moore JOO(US); s. I. Nelson 277 (US). CAROLINE IS.: Palau: Babeldaob: s. I., Raulerson 5951 (US); Lake Ngardok, 30- 35 m, Fosberg 32555 (US), 32550 (US); Nekken, Salsedo 99 (US); "Nekken Road," beyond Airai Airfield, Cheatham 150 (US); Gaspan (Ngatpang), Stone 4658 (GUAM); Garamiscan Colony, upper Garamiscan (Ngarumiscang) River, Fosberg 25707 (US). The last two cited have been previously determined as ssp. colpodes.