Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy Industrial Hub, Technological Trendsetter, Political Frontrunner

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy Industrial hub, technological trendsetter, political frontrunner

I s y o u r d I a m o n d c u t t o I t s full potential ?

of structural loading and dynamic software, LACFlex, to allow for characteristics. LAC has wide and all controller driven effects to be long experience in performing turbine replicated and accounted for in the simulations and load calculations operating turbine. LAC engineering is a global supplier to the governing codes, e.g. IEC and LAC engineering offers LACFlex as of independent engineering services GL, as well as managing the load a commercial code combined with in optimization of the relation certification process. training and technology transfer if between wind turbine design and so required. LACFlex is based on the external conditions. Mastering this LACFlex thoroughly validated and widely used vital relation enables us to provide Every player in the turbine industry Flex code, offering an experience product cost reduction and increased should aim at reducing the cost of based user interface supporting the turbine reliability for our clients. LAC energy. As a major determinant for comprehensive task of performing engineering boasts a proven track the overall turbine performance modern load calculations. record of satisfied customers in the and structural integrity, an optimal Utility, System Supplier, Consultant, controller design is crucial. Both The full potential and Manufacture segments. classical and modern operational Our client’s competitive power is controllers, with the optimal tradeoff enhanced through more intelligent Designing a wind turbine, a major between power yield and structural and innovative products. This is component, or a sub-system calls for impact, are provided by us. Our achieved by combining client expertise an accurate design basis specifying controller development platform is with our know-how on simulating and the design requirements in terms integrated with the turbine simulation controlling the dynamic behavior of a modern wind turbine. Your diamond will be cut to its full potential.

Do visit our web page at www.lacengineering.com for further info.

LAC engineering

Bogøvej 15 · DK-8382 Hinnerup · Tlf: +45 8762 2277 · fax: +45 8698 6961 CVR-nr. 3141 6043 · www.lacengineering.com · [email protected] I s y o u r d I a m o n d c u t t o I t s full potential ? of structural loading and dynamic software, LACFlex, to allow for Aarhus as Global characteristics. LAC has wide and all controller driven effects to be long experience in performing turbine replicated and accounted for in the simulations and load calculations operating turbine. LAC engineering is a global supplier to the governing codes, e.g. IEC and LAC engineering offers LACFlex as of independent engineering services Wind Capital GL, as well as managing the load a commercial code combined with in optimization of the relation certification process. training and technology transfer if between wind turbine design and so required. LACFlex is based on the external conditions. Mastering this LACFlex thoroughly validated and widely used vital relation enables us to provide Every player in the turbine industry Flex code, offering an experience Aarhus and the Central Denmark Region boast a unique position in the global product cost reduction and increased should aim at reducing the cost of based user interface supporting the wind energy market. It is home to some of the world’s biggest manufacturers turbine reliability for our clients. LAC energy. As a major determinant for comprehensive task of performing of wind turbines. It constitutes the world’s most advanced knowledge center. It engineering boasts a proven track the overall turbine performance modern load calculations. record of satisfied customers in the and structural integrity, an optimal has an array of suppliers and subcontractors, covering the entire supply chain. Utility, System Supplier, Consultant, controller design is crucial. Both The full potential Wind energy enjoys solid political support on local, regional, and national levels. and Manufacture segments. classical and modern operational Our client’s competitive power is And the wind cluster has a long-standing tradition of cooperations between controllers, with the optimal tradeoff enhanced through more intelligent manufacturers, suppliers, scientific communities, and public authorities. Designing a wind turbine, a major between power yield and structural and innovative products. This is component, or a sub-system calls for impact, are provided by us. Our achieved by combining client expertise This makes Aarhus a unparalleled knowledge hub and gathering point for the an accurate design basis specifying controller development platform is with our know-how on simulating and wind industry. As such, it will play a vital role in developing the wind energy the design requirements in terms integrated with the turbine simulation controlling the dynamic behavior of a systems of the future. modern wind turbine. Your diamond will be cut to its full potential. This report is a collaboration between Monday Morning and the City of Aarhus. It examines the wind cluster from an industrial, scientific, and political point of view. It describes its unique features and characteristics in terms of technology, Do visit our web page at innovation, networking, and cross-sector cooperations. And it elaborates on www.lacengineering.com its future potentials as a dominant player in the global transformation towards for further info. sustainable energy and cleaner technology.

Enjoy the read.

LAC engineering

Bogøvej 15 · DK-8382 Hinnerup · Tlf: +45 8762 2277 · fax: +45 8698 6961 CVR-nr. 3141 6043 · www.lacengineering.com · [email protected] Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 3 Wind turbines on your mobile and the internet

MillWatcher is a unique tool for web-based monitoring of wind turbines. It doesn’t matter if you’re the proud owner of a single turbine or of a huge wind farm, you can OK still monitor your turbines from your mobile or over the internet.

When the founder of MillWatcher, Ulrik Nej- many turbines you’ve got or where they’re lo- sum Madsen, was awarded the prize as the cated, MillWatcher allows owners to constantly Best Danish Entrepreneur in 2005, it was a monitor their turbines’ performance and also en- recognition of the fact that the product he has ables them to spot any errors or malfunctioning developed is far better and more user-friendly much sooner”, says the founder of MillWatcher, than most. Ulrik Nejsum Madsen.

MillWatcher offers web-based monitoring of Today, a large of number of wind turbine owners wind turbines. At regular intervals MillWatcher in Denmark as well as abroad already use Mill- contacts the wind turbines connected to the sys- Watcher to monitor their turbines. MillWatcher tem to retrieve a range of data from them. The works equally well for owners of a single tur- data is then transmitted directly to the owner by bine and large-scale wind farms and it can be SMS text message or email, or the owner can used with all types and makes of turbines. Mill- choose to log on to his own webpage to check Watcher users have access to a webpage giving even more details on the turbine, its status and them all relevant information about their turbine production data. and its operational status. MillWatcher is simple, easy to use and allows owners to keep a close ”I started MillWatcher because I’ve always been eye on their wind turbines at all times. interested in renewable energy, and because I could see that many owners of wind turbines MillWatcher can offer both standard and custom- could benefit from an easy and cheap way to ised solutions. monitor their turbines. It doesn’t matter how

MillWatcher is located in the Danish town of Skanderborg, and you can contact us by phone: +45 7027 7047 or email: [email protected] Wind turbines on your mobile and the internet Contents MillWatcher is a unique tool for web-based moni- Introduction: Towards a Green Economy toring of wind turbines. The transition to sustainable technologies is a multibillion dollar business. Aarhus has the It doesn’t matter if you’re potential to play a leading role. 6 the proud owner of a single turbine or of a #1 huge wind farm, you can OK The Danish Legacy still monitor your turbines Denmark houses the stronghold of the wind industry. It provides a solid platform in today’s from your mobile or over competition. 10 the internet. #2 The World’s Tightest Wind Cluster When the founder of MillWatcher, Ulrik Nej- many turbines you’ve got or where they’re lo- Aarhus and the Central Denmark Region has the world’s highest concentration of wind sum Madsen, was awarded the prize as the cated, MillWatcher allows owners to constantly business. In no other country or region you will find the entire production chain compressed Best Danish Entrepreneur in 2005, it was a monitor their turbines’ performance and also en- in such a small area. 16 recognition of the fact that the product he has ables them to spot any errors or malfunctioning developed is far better and more user-friendly much sooner”, says the founder of MillWatcher, #3 than most. Ulrik Nejsum Madsen. Vestas: The Grand Old Man of the Industry The road to world domination for turbine manufacturer Vestas has been long and winding. MillWatcher offers web-based monitoring of Today, a large of number of wind turbine owners The company history illustrates how wind energy has evolved from local enterprise to global wind turbines. At regular intervals MillWatcher in Denmark as well as abroad already use Mill- business. 26 contacts the wind turbines connected to the sys- Watcher to monitor their turbines. MillWatcher tem to retrieve a range of data from them. The works equally well for owners of a single tur- #4 data is then transmitted directly to the owner by bine and large-scale wind farms and it can be The Secret Ingredient: A Unique Supply Chain SMS text message or email, or the owner can used with all types and makes of turbines. Mill- The leading turbine manufacturers have spawned a strong network of local suppliers in Central choose to log on to his own webpage to check Watcher users have access to a webpage giving Denmark. A long tradition for close cooperation and cross-sector partnerships is a major asset even more details on the turbine, its status and them all relevant information about their turbine in the global competition. 30 production data. and its operational status. MillWatcher is simple, easy to use and allows owners to keep a close #5 ”I started MillWatcher because I’ve always been eye on their wind turbines at all times. Incubator for the Global Wind Industry interested in renewable energy, and because The leading players in the global wind industry have two main concerns when they locate their 36 I could see that many owners of wind turbines MillWatcher can offer both standard and custom- operations: proximity to big markets, and access to cutting-edge skills. Aarhus offers both. could benefit from an easy and cheap way to ised solutions. monitor their turbines. It doesn’t matter how #6 A Knowledge Broker in the Green Economy Cooperation across sectorial, industrial, and disciplinary boundaries is a hallmark of the Danish wind cluster. This sustains the Aarhus ambition to become a leading knowledge and innovation hub of wind energy. 42 #7 Aarhus Aspiring for Green Leadership The second largest city in Denmark has committed itself to carbon neutrality in 2030. Wind power has been designated as a key instrument. 48

MillWatcher is located in the Danish town of Skanderborg, and you can contact us by phone: +45 7027 7047 or email: [email protected] Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 5 Introduction The global transition to a sustainable economy is under way. Aarhus can play a major role.

6 Mondaymorning Introduction Towards a Green The global transition to a Economy sustainable economy is under way. Aarhus can play a major role. • A new global green economy is emerging • The world’s largest nations are set to invest 184 billion dollars in green technologies in the coming years • Wind power is one of the principal technologies in the transition • Denmark can play a leading role with Aarhus as the global centre for developing the wind energy systems of the future

The UN international climate summit in Copenhagen in from the oil economy to an economy based on sustainable December 2009 was a wake-up call to the world’s nations energy sources. Even more are acutely aware that this is a to take global warming seriously. The summit itself was, radical change which won’t just save money, but also earn ultimately, a disappointment. The global leaders did not set them money. sufficiently ambitious or responsible climate goals. But the It is in the light of this change that this report on Den- many economic and scientific analyses that were published mark’s “wind cluster” should be read. A new, global, green during the run up to the meeting have – along with the economy is being built. The world finds itself in the midst increasing economic crisis and the unstable situation in oil of an energy revolution. As the incubator for the global and natural gas countries such as Iraq – increased aware- wind industry and home of the world’s largest wind turbine ness that a U-turn is needed. manufacturer, the second largest city in Denmark, Aarhus, In particular, the so-called Stern Report from the and the surrounding region of Central Denmark will play a former chief economist of the World Bank, Sir Nicholas major role in that revolution as a bench mark, inspiration Stern, has convinced politicians, business leaders, and and knowledge bank for the rest of the world. citizens alike that, on economic grounds alone, a revolu- The fact that a fifth of the Danish electricity production tion of the fossil based, CO2-polluting energy infrastruc- emanates from wind energy is a world record – which the ture is unavoidable. “If the countries of the world do not world’s superpowers ardently want to break. As the US pres- begin the change to sustainable, non-CO2-emitting and ident, Barack Obama, said in a April 2009 speech at a fac- local energy sources, climate changes created by fossil- tory in Newton, Iowa, elaborating on the greatest national based energy systems will be expensive – very expensive,” green investment package in history: “Today, America pro- warned the report. duces less than 3 percent of our electricity through renew- As everybody knows, money talks – in a language which able sources like wind and solar. Meanwhile, Denmark pro- both businesses and government leaders understand. Even duces almost 20 percent of their electricity through wind.” if politicians around the world have hesitated to commit to Two months earlier, Obama had managed to pass a particular, binding national CO2-reductions, they have set gigantic stimulus package through Congress in order to billions aside for green crisis packages to reboot the econ- restart the crisis-struck US economy. A record 66 billion omy. At the same time, a large number of business leaders dollars were earmarked for green investments, including are queuing up to accelerate a comprehensive turnaround wind energy.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 7 During the financial crisis and climate summit years of The change will be driven by industries which employ 2008 and 2009, the G20 countries launched extraordinary sustainable energy sources such as wind power; solar crisis packages totalling no less than 184.1 billion dollars energy, biomass- and waste-fuels, biofuels; hydropower, for green investments. The vast majority of these will be subsoil heating, and wave energy. Wind energy is among implemented during 2010 and 2011, and most of these the industries in which the fastest growth is predicted. stimulus packages have earmarked money specifically for From an annual market of around 5,000 megawatts in wind energy. The total investment in green technologies, 2000, the annual output of the global wind energy mar- including these stimulus package billions, is expected to ket has increased eightfold to around 40,000 megawatts mount to 200 billion dollars already this year – an increase in 2009 and, according to the latest predictions from the of almost 25 percent compared to the world’s combined internationally renowned analysts BTM-Consult (based, green investment in 2009. See figure 1. incidentally, in Central Jutland), is set to increase to over 70,000 megawatts over the next five years. See figure 2. The Inspiration Catalogue of the Wind Industry In economic terms, BTM estimates that the combined Despite the failed climate summit, the first crucial steps to- global market for wind turbines in the next five years will wards a far-reaching reorganisation of the fossil economy grow to around 350 billion dollars – roughly equivalent to have already been taken. Even though it is a long way to Denmark’s annual GDP. the goal, the world has, mentally, reached the point of no In this process, the Danish wind cluster – concentrated return from where future progress can only move towards in the Central Denmark belt with Aarhus as its capital – an increasingly green economy. can play an essential role as a business environment, skills centre, experience bank, and global role model. The Dan- ish cluster is one of the world’s oldest, most geographically concentrated, and most innovative. Giant Leap in Green Investments This report further investigates the cluster’s assets and liabilities and analyses how it can fully realise its potential. National stimulus targeted at green investment, bn dollars • DENMARK – THE NESTING BOX OF WIND ENERGY. Canada 1.0 Denmark was the first country in the world to de- Brazil 2.5 velop and implement wind power in its energy pro- France 2.7 duction. Today, it is the leader in the global market

Spain 3.6 harbouring leading international manufacturers, a

UK 3.7 solid supply chain, and a strong research environ-

Australia 4.1 ment. Behind Denmark’s success lies a political vision

Germany 4.2 of energy self-sufficiency. This has paved the way for

Japan 8.6 a close cooperation between public authorities, research institutions, the business community, NGOs, EU 12.7 and citizens. See page 10. Korea Rep. 27.8

China 46.9 • AARHUS IN THE EYE OF THE HURRICANE. 87 per- US 66.6 cent of the combined turnover from wind energy in Total 184.1 Denmark is generated by businesses in the Greater Aarhus area. Around 11,000 of the 25,000 employ- Global clean-tech investments, 2004-2010, bn dollars ees in the Danish wind industry work less than one hour’s drive from Aarhus. Many of the world’s largest +23% +10% -7% 200 and most globally important wind companies, such 173 as Vestas, Siemens, Gamesa and Suzlon, are based +43% 157 162 here. See page 16.

+57% 110 • LEARNING FROM THE WIND GIANT. Over the last thir- +56% ty years, the wind giant Vestas has slowly moved away 70 from its home town, Lem, on the North Sea coast, 46 through Ringkøbing and Randers towards Aarhus, where the new corporate headquarters of Vestas will 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 open in 2011. During the 114 kilometer journey, Ves- tas has undergone an extraordinary transformation, from a small forge to a global market leader with Figure 1: Green investments have leapfrogged since 2004. The majority of green stimulus initiatives will be implemented in around 22,000 employees worldwide; a market share 2010 and 2011. of 12.5 percent; and a turnover of 49.4 billion kroner in 2009. See page 26. Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance: Fact Book 2010.

8 Mondaymorning The Long Boom • A FRONTRUNNER OF SUSTAINABILITY. Aarhus was the first city council in Denmark to map its CO2 Global wind power capacity, 1990-2009 (actual) and emissions, gaining invaluable insights into the poten- 2010-2014 (forecast), Megawatt tials of reduction. The council has a clearly stated goal to be CO2-neutral by 2030, and wind energy plays a 80,000 Actual crucial part in achieving this. The strategy includes a Forecast, Europe number of initiatives: erecting more wind turbines; 60,000 Forecast, US establishing research and business partnerships; and Forecast, Asia investing further in better exploitation of wind pow- 40,000 Forecast, rest of world er. One goal is to optimise framework conditions for the development of the region’s already remarkable 20,000 wind turbine industry. See page 48.

This report is produced by Mandag Morgen in association 0 with the City of Aarhus. 1990 1995 2000 2009 2014

Figure 2: The annual global output of wind energy has increased eightfold between 2000 and 2009.

Source: BTM Consult, March 2010.

• THE WORLD’S STRONGEST SUPPLY CHAIN. One of the strongest assets of the Danish wind clusters is the extensive bedrock of suppliers to the wind turbine industry that has gathered in Central Denmark. No other place in the world has such a high concentration of businesses. It comprises the entire supply chain of design, development and production of wind turbine parks. Around 80 businesses have grown up around the major manufacturers, and many have contributed significantly to the industry’s impressive technological development since its inception. See page 30.

• INCUBATOR FOR THE GLOBAL WIND INDUSTRY. In the future, access to a qualified workforce, core technological skills and lucrative markets will be crucial for the increasingly global wind industry. The most significant global powerhouses are currently in Denmark, Germa- ny, Spain, Great Britain, the US, India, and China. Due to unique system knowledge and globalisation experience, the Aarhus wind cluster is an especially important destination for new global wind industry players. See page 36.

• GLOBAL CENTRE FOR FUTURE ENERGY THINKING. To keep the rise in global temperatures below two degrees Celsius, the energy systems of the future will have to be based on 100 percent sustainable energy. This poses tremendously high demands on the design, dimen- sioning and integration of sustainable energy systems. Along with a number of industry leaders, training and research institutes in Aarhus have set out to develop roadmaps for this development. Among the initiatives is the establishment of a 35,000 square metre energy research centre, Navitas, on Aarhus Harbour. By 2014, it will house 2,000 students and more than 300 business people, researchers, and teachers. See page 42.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 9 #1 Denmark was a first mover in the field of wind energy. This is a strong asset today.

10 Mondaymorning The Danish Legacy

• Denmark was a pioneer of wind energy • The combined effort of grass roots movements, political visionaries, and enterprising manufacturers created the world’s first green superpower • Even today, this legacy provides a strong platform for global competition

In the wake of the 2009 climate summit in Copenhagen, in terms of energy. Denmark’s big windpower push owes Denmark has won international acclaim for its early com- to close collaboration between public authorities, research mitment to wind energy. Denmark is recognised as the institutions, the business world, and the general public. first country in the world to utilise wind turbines con- Four factors in particular provided the conditions for siderably in its energy production. And in less than three Denmark’s exploit: decades, the wind industry has become a heavyweight in corporate Denmark. Today, the Danish wind turbine in- • A BOLD VISION: From the beginning, the wind turbine dustry is a global leader. It comprises top international industry’s development has been driven by a clear vi- manufacturers, a solid supply chain, and a strong research sion to make Denmark self-sufficient with energy. The community. Despite the financial crisis and global reces- two oil crises in the 1970s made future energy supplies, sion, manufacturers and suppliers achieved a combined turnover of 91.4 billion kroner in 2009 – underlining their position as a strong and expanding industry. See figure 1. Steady Growth ”Denmark has developed new green solutions while generating economic growth. This has made Denmark Turnover in the Danish wind industry, billion Danish kroner a benchmark and the center of the world’s attention. For 100 many agents in the market, ‘Do what Denmark does’ is the strategic starting point,” says Christian Kjær, managing 80 director of the Brussels-based European Wind Energy As- sociation (EWEA). 60 Wind energy is a large market, and it requires substantial technological, scientific, and financial muscle to play 40 it. Unlikely as it seems, a small country like Denmark has been able to take and defend a leading position in the race 20 for growth. To a great extent, the secret behind the success of the 0 Danish wind industry can be found in its early days. 2006 2007 2008 2009 The popular view, at least in Denmark, is that the industry emerged as hippies in the 1970s began to build wind- Figure 1: The turnover of the Danish wind industry is increasing mills to ‘live in harmony with nature’. This is not entirely every year. untrue, but hardly covers the full story. The fact is that it co- Source: Danish Wind Industry Association: Danish Wind Industry Annual incided with a strong political wish to obtain self-sufficiency Statistics 2010.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 11 including the potentials of renewable energy, subject national energy plan was passed, aimed at reducing energy to unprecedented social and political awareness. The consumption and easing the country’s dependence on oil. topic rose to the top of the agenda among researchers, It included the first publicly financed research programme the media, and the political establishment. Energy sup- for the utilisation of wind energy and the development of ply became a concern of the entire society. This opened wind turbines. the door for a bold political vision: Releasing Denmark The first Danish Ministry of Energy was established in from its dependence on imported fuel. Utilising wind the wake of the second oil crisis in 1979. Parliament also as a source of energy became a political priority. passed laws for thermal and natural gas research schemes, and in the same round of legislation introduced a pub- • POLITICAL SUPPORT: It took a long time to develop licly funded scheme for the installation and development functioning and profitable wind turbine technology. of wind turbines. Renewable energy was now a political But the Danish wind industry was supported by a project. strong political belief in the project during the entire The crises of the 1970s had an immense impact, not development phase. Regulatory framework, smart just on politics, but also on the mood and attitudes of the green taxes, and support schemes combined with strict business community and the general public. The following environmental and climate-related political measures years saw a large number of initiatives, partnerships, laws made wind technology a feasible business area for ex- and regulations to encourage sustainable energy. Among isting companies and upcoming entrepreneurs. In the them was the establishment of the Risø Research Centre initial phase, this support created the necessary lift for whose mission was research-based technology develop- the industry’s take-off. ment of wind power and wind turbines. According to Jan Serup Hylleberg, CEO of the Danish • PROLIFIC INNOVATION: Refining the technology Wind Industry Association, this strong political vision was through new thinking and innovation. Right from the catalyst for a wave of green creativity which gave Den- the beginning, the technology was developed in small mark a significant push forward: “When renewable energy clusters across sectoral and professional boundaries. became a political project, the door opened to a whole Businesses, research institutes and communities con- range of green initiatives and innovations. That was just tributed to development and production advances. what the nascent wind turbine industry needed, based on This carried the seeds of a unique innovation culture unproven technology and research as it was.” which has since spawned a vast number of technological advances and innovative solutions. The Danish Cooperation Model Political attention and support was not unique to Denmark. A Fresh Breeze • TIMING: Denmark took an interest in wind energy, be- In industrial and economic powerhouses like Germany and fore it was in fact profitable. In the 1970s and ‘80s, the the US, legislators took a solemn interest in wind energy. Behind every product is a creative mind. Two creative minds wind turbine industry’s development was supported by One important reason for Denmark’s sensational succes are behind INA/FAG bearings – a team that is twice as strong: grants and schemes. When the viable market for wind was the cooperation model that prevailed in the industry’s Schaeffler Group Industrial. turbines emerged in the 1990s, as the focus on climate issues grew, Denmark could readily provide function- Renowned for creative technology and for 30 years of experi- ing technology, experienced-based knowledge and the The Green Innovation Model ence in the wind turbine industry, we know what customers means of manufacture. Denmark had been training – really want. Continued close collaboration with manufacturers and had a head start. and operators provides impetus for both sides. New findings from practical experiences are immediately implemented in The Political Vision To a large extent, Denmark owes its position as the wind- Business our calculation and CAE tools that we use to initially generate mill country to decades of dedication to the task. Numer- virtual models of our products. In reality they then become ous policies and initiatives have served the dual purpose of Politics high-performance gearbox bearings or durable main rotor reducing Denmark’s reliance on imported fuel and reliev- bearings. Alternatively they are integrated in WiPro, our online ing the strains on the environment and the climate. monitoring system, which is GL and AZT certified and used all The OAPEC oil embargo on the USA and a number of Western countries in 1973 hit Denmark like a shockwave. Civil society over the world. At the time, 98 percent of Denmark’s energy consumption A fresh breeze is blowing in the world of bearings technology. was based on imported fuel, mainly (90 percent) oil. So as Make sure you benefit from it too! oil prices rocketed sky high, Denmark’s economy took a Science severe blow. The initial political response resembled knee-jerk panic. Among other measures, the goverment introduced Figure 2: The rise of Denmark’s wind energy cluster has been car-free Sundays and urged shopkeepers to switch off their propelled by the dynamic interaction between politics, business, lights outside opening times. Eventually, the crisis led to a science, and civil society (citizens, organisations etcetera). recognition that the near-complete dependence on foreign The Schaeffler Group with its brands INA, FAG and LuK, and currently around 65,000 employees at more than 180 locations ranks amongst the leading rolling energy sources was an untenable position. So in 1976, a Source: Monday Morning & CBS. bearing manufacturers and suppliers to the automotive industry worldwide. The group of companies stands for global customer proximity, innovative ability and the highest possible level of quality. In Denmark, Schaeffler Group is represented by Schaeffler Danmark ApS with head office in Aarhus and sales of the INA and FAG brands to more than 60 different industrial sectors. 12 Mondaymorning www.schaeffler.dk

Einmalanzeige_200x266_US_DK.ind1 1 01.09.2010 14:02:13 Uhr A Fresh Breeze

Behind every product is a creative mind. Two creative minds are behind INA/FAG bearings – a team that is twice as strong: Schaeffler Group Industrial. Renowned for creative technology and for 30 years of experience in the wind turbine industry, we know what customers really want. Continued close collaboration with manufacturers and operators provides impetus for both sides. New findings from practical experiences are immediately implemented in our calculation and CAE tools that we use to initially generate virtual models of our products. In reality they then become high-performance gearbox bearings or durable main rotor bearings. Alternatively they are integrated in WiPro, our online monitoring system, which is GL and AZT certified and used all over the world. A fresh breeze is blowing in the world of bearings technology. Make sure you benefit from it too!

The Schaeffler Group with its brands INA, FAG and LuK, and currently around 65,000 employees at more than 180 locations ranks amongst the leading rolling bearing manufacturers and suppliers to the automotive industry worldwide. The group of companies stands for global customer proximity, innovative ability and the highest possible level of quality. In Denmark, Schaeffler Group is represented by Schaeffler Danmark ApS with head office in Aarhus and sales of the INA and FAG brands to more than 60 different industrial sectors. Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 13 www.schaeffler.dk

Einmalanzeige_200x266_US_DK.ind1 1 01.09.2010 14:02:13 Uhr incipient phase. The techological development was an- Public Tailwind for the Industry chored in what has been called the triple helix model of innovation in which businesses, authorities, and scientific Public support has been great since the Danish wind industry’s humble beginnings. The vast majority of the institutions collaborate closely. In the case of wind turbine first 5,000 Danish wind turbines erected were financed technology, the civil society – organisations, citizens etc. – directly by local wind syndicates, through which citizens is usually regarded as a fourth “helix”. See figure 2. each bought a share in one. 2,000 of the 5,200 existing Outside Denmark, the approach was more linear: or- turbines in Denmark are still owned by local syndicates. ganised in a linear fashion from research to production. Public support of wind energy remains strong. A survey Businesses depended on researchers and engineers exam- from January 2010 shows that: ining how windmills should be constructed “in theory”. In Denmark, research and development was based on a • 91 percent of Danes believe that Denmark should expand wind power further much more extensive dialogue and interaction between • 96 percent believe that parliament should support the researchers and manufacturers, continously exchanging wind industry so that it remains a world leader knowledge and ideas. • 62 percent believe that wind power should account for Abroad, the innovation agents were big companies more than half of the country’s electricity production. and big research institutions, projecting proportionally Source: Megafon big projects – and building bigger windmills. In Den- mark, the scale was much more manageable. The inno- Cargo Service vation cluster was small, consisting of relatively young manufacturers and suppliers, supported by a new small – the wind turbine expert in Port of Aarhus research unit and focusing mainly on a limited market gave Danish manufacturers a far better basis for ensuring of local customers. In turn, this approach mobilized sig- quality, making continous adjustments and improving the nificant support from the local communities, where the technology. As a bonus, smaller constructions actually During the last couple of decades Cargo Service has may have covering loading, handling and storing of wind new – and small – windmills were erected. See textbox. proved more robust and cost-effective in the end. gained unique experience and expertise within loading turbines and components. A number of large-scale projects met severe problems. “While the USA forged ahead with a high tech develop- The energy output was less than expected, the construc- ment programme that had no particular contact between and handling of wind turbines and components. Each tions blew over etcetera – and the engineers had to start industry and research, the practical knowledge of the Dan- year the stevedore company is loading in average 80 Quality Assurance from scratch. The Danish approach proved more flexible. ish industry was integrated in research-based development vessels with wind turbines and with a total weight of Cargo Service is currently in the process of developing a new The casual cooperation between researchers, manufactur- of wind turbine design and wind turbine operation early about 120.000 metric tons. Quality Assurance system for its wind power customers. ers, suppliers, and critical customers provided an organi- on. This created a platform for development and produc- sational structure that enabled a much tighter connection tion which has strengthened the final output in itself. That Now Cargo Service is allocating additional focus and - We will be able to offer our customers a very thorough between research and practical experience. A much more is: the robustness and quality of Danish wind turbines,” strategic attention to the wind energy business segment. quality check of all wind turbine components. The free flow of experience, ideas and observations on how dif- says Peter Karnøe of Copenhagen Business School, a Having transferred the container activities to a new joint customers will get a comprehensive quality documentation ferent devices and technological improvements worked scholar on the history of Danish wind energy. venture company Cargo Service is now ready to expand and they will be offered the convenience of following each its wind turbine activities. component/project online from reception to shipping, explains Lars Krabbe. Efficient and customised solutions By merging the two container terminals in Port of Offshore Aarhus, Cargo Service is releasing an area of 100-150.000 Cargo Service has primarily been handling onshore square meters, which is ideal for handling and storing the wind turbines. Going forward however the offshore wind large wind turbine projects. turbines will also be in focus.

- The location in continuation of the container quay in - The offshore turbines are assembled onshore and with Port of Aarhus is optimal. Back to back location with a blade diameter of 120 m they obviously require a large the quay and the very efficient cranes provide us with amount of vacant land. That is solved with the newly prime working conditions. We are capable of handling released area. Furthermore Port of Aarhus is strategically practically any lift you can think of. With the heavy well positioned in regards to the projected offshore wind lift crane we can handle single lifts of up to 182 metric power plants in the Baltic Sea, says Lars Krabbe. tons in a range of 47 meters, says Lars Krabbe, Chief Commercial Officer at Cargo Service A/S and adds: He forecasts that Cargo Service will be involved in part of the Anholt project where 111 offshore wind turbines will - With a unique location in a large port, an extensive be erected and connect by the end of 2012. know-how and all the necessary special equipment and machinery, we can provide the wind energy industry with www.cargoservice.dk efficient and customised solutions of any project they

14 Mondaymorning Cargo Service – the wind turbine expert in Port of Aarhus

During the last couple of decades Cargo Service has may have covering loading, handling and storing of wind gained unique experience and expertise within loading turbines and components. and handling of wind turbines and components. Each year the stevedore company is loading in average 80 Quality Assurance vessels with wind turbines and with a total weight of Cargo Service is currently in the process of developing a new about 120.000 metric tons. Quality Assurance system for its wind power customers.

Now Cargo Service is allocating additional focus and - We will be able to offer our customers a very thorough strategic attention to the wind energy business segment. quality check of all wind turbine components. The Having transferred the container activities to a new joint customers will get a comprehensive quality documentation venture company Cargo Service is now ready to expand and they will be offered the convenience of following each its wind turbine activities. component/project online from reception to shipping, explains Lars Krabbe. Efficient and customised solutions By merging the two container terminals in Port of Offshore Aarhus, Cargo Service is releasing an area of 100-150.000 Cargo Service has primarily been handling onshore square meters, which is ideal for handling and storing the wind turbines. Going forward however the offshore wind large wind turbine projects. turbines will also be in focus.

16 Mondaymorning The World’s Tightest Wind Cluster

• 87 percent of the turnover of the Danish wind industry is generated by companies in the Greater Aarhus area • The local concentration of wind industry is unrivaled globally • The Central Denmark wind cluster benefits from the presence of other clean-tech companies

Wind energy has become one of the most important busi- This includes the world’s largest wind turbine manufacturer, ness areas for Denmark – and it is growing year by year. Vestas, which has its global research and development cen- Despite the global financial crisis, the Danish wind turbine tre in Aarhus. With over 900 engineers, programmers, and industry has enjoyed an average annual growth rate of other specialists from around the world, it is the world’s around 15 percent over the last ten years and, with around largest site for wind energy research and development. And 25,000 employees, it is an important engine in the Danish when Vestas moves its global headquarters from Randers economy. In 2009, the earnings in the Danish wind industry mounted to 51 billion kroner, and nearly 42 billion kroner Increasing Importance came from exports. This accounts for more than 70 percent of the combined export of the Danish energy technology. Danish wind industry exports, 1999-2009 The last five years, wind energy’s share of the total exports 50 Export, billion Danish kroner (left) 10 has grown rapidly. See figure 1. 9 A closer look at Denmark’s wind industry reveals a Share of total export, 40 percent (right) 8 large concentration of companies located in the Central 7 Denmark belt from Aarhus in the east to Ringkøbing and 30 6 Skjern in the west. More than a third of the 175 companies 5 which, according to Denmark’s Central Business Register 20 4 are directly involved with the production of wind turbines, 3 are located in this region. 10 2 The largest and most globally significant companies 1 reside in the area around Denmark’s second largest city, 0 0 Aarhus. The Greater Aarhus area and its surrounding ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 municipalities are also home to half of all Danish wind energy companies with five employees or more. Many Figure 1: Wind turbines account for an increasing share of global companies have located their headquarters or de- Danish exports. velopment centres in the Aarhus area. See graphic spread page 18-19. Source: Danish Wind Industry Association.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 17 The wind cluster of Central Denmark Region

Skive Viborg Favrskov Randers Characteristics of the wind industry in DEIF A/S GARDIT A/S Danish Wind Design ApS Damatech MB Networks A/S a radius of 75 kilometres from Aarhus: GL Garrad Hassan Ecology management ApS Mita-Teknik A/S LAC engineering ApS Prodan A/S Ymer Technology Vestas Wind Systems A/S Number of wind companies: 60 Vink AS Of this, global wind turbine manufacturers: 5 Number of wind-employees with Silkeborg employment in the Greater Aarhus area: 11.000 DELTA Turnover from wind companies with Envision Energy headquarters in Greater Aarhus area, Gamesa Wind Engineering ApS bn.DKK: 45 Proportion of total Danish revenue from wind energy Skive industry, percent: 87 Lemvig Lemvig Skovgaard Invest ApS Randers

Number of employees in the municipalities Struer Viborg Norddjurs Norddjurs 0-49 Vestas Wind Grenaa Motorfabrik 50-99 Systems A/S Sapa Profiler A/S 100-249 Holstebro Holstebro Difko Invest A/S 250-499 Krangården Syddjurs Syddjurs 500-999 Favrskov DMP-Mølleservice 1000+ Envision Energy

Herning Vestas Technology Silkeborg R&D

Ikast-Brande Gamesa Wind Aarhus Aarhus Vestas Nacelles A/S Engineering ApS Actua Aps BALLUFF ApS Ringkøbing-Skjern Ringkøbing-Skjern BaltShip A/S BP Lubricants A/S Agrowind ApS Skanderborg Suzlon Wind Cargo Service A/S Best Energy A/S Energy A/S Cowi BTM Consult ApS Siemens Wind Power A/S DAFA A/S GPV Group DBB Jack-Up Services A/S Hydra-Grene A/S Develco A/S JSB Plast Horsens DSV Air & Sea A/S K.P. Komponenter A/S Odder Geodis Wilson Denmark A/S Orbital A/S MAKE Consulting Vest-Fiber NIRAS Vestas Nacelles A/S North Sensor A/S Optica A/S Samsø Peter Madsen Rederi A/S Ikast-Brande Sauer Roldskov Advokatfirma Schaeffler Danmark ApS AB-Inventech A/S Skykon A/S Alderslyst Elektro A/S Herning Hedensted Suzlon Wind Energy A/S Arepa Firenew A/S Sweco Architects A/S, Deugro Danmark A/S AVN Energy A/S Horsens Skanderborg Skaarup Jespersen I Birk Nielsen DUWET (Danish University Bachmann electronic GmbH Vestas Technology R&D Wind Energy Training) Energi Horsens MillWatcher Dansk Eksportforening – HCP engineering A/S Århus Havn Electricon A/S Danish Wind Energy Group Nissens A/S FT Technologies ApS Dansk Overflade Teknik A/S Hendricks Industries kk-electronic A/S Hedensted UNIMERCO A/S Niebuhr Gears A/S Eltronic A/S Siemens Wind Power A/S Haco A/S Wind Cluster Reichhold Danmark A/S Zero-Max A/S Skykon Towers

Note: The overview of businesses covers only members of the wind industry. Source: Monday Morning and estatistik.dk.

18 Mondaymorning The wind cluster of Central Denmark Region

Herning Vestas Technology Silkeborg R&D

Note: The overview of businesses covers only members of the wind industry. Source: Monday Morning and estatistik.dk.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 19 ing revenue and jobs to the Aarhus cluster which is today, “Being the leading global region is an clearly, the Danish economic centre for the export of wind attraction in itself. A broad range of energy technology. A dataset from Statistics Denmark, retrieved and ana- qualified companies and employees lysed by business statistics experts eStatistik, shows that gives Aarhus a really strong business companies located in the Greater Aarhus area and the surrounding area account for 87 percent of Denmark’s environment.” combined turnover and export of wind energy. And, ac- Stephan Mey, European CEO, Suzlon cording to the Danish Wind Industry Association, over 14,000 of Denmark’s 25,000 wind turbine jobs are today found in the Central Denmark region. This is three times as many jobs as the second largest wind energy region in Denmark. 11,000 employees work within one hour’s drive from Aarhus. Most are employed by the major manufacturers, but Research in Wind Energy at Aalborg University to Aarhus in 2011, its researchers will have the additional many jobs are found in other parts of the supply chain. Wind power is a central area of research and education at Aalborg University (AAU). Research in this area is co- company of around 250 highly skilled colleagues. According to the latest calculations from the Danish Wind ordinated and carried out by research groups organised under the virtual centre for Wind Energy Structures and The industry giant Siemens has placed its global head- Industry Association, around half are employed in pro- Technologies at AAU (WEST). Much research is done in collaboration with international companies and research quarters and research centre for wind energy in Brande, just duction jobs, while 20 percent of jobs are within research, institutions. Will you join us? 70 kilometres from the centre of Aarhus. Meanwhile, the testing and development or process and quality control. Spanish wind turbine giant Gamesa and the Chinese Envi- sion Energy both have their research centres in Silkeborg, Energy Planning Foundation Engineering & Geotechnics less than 50 kilometres from Aarhus. Research within this area centres around the technical, economic The research group works with development and verification of and institutional possibilities and bar-riers for advancing sus- computational models for the load bearing capacity of different Noticeably, the aggressively expanding Indian wind tur- Suzlon CEO: Aarhus Is the Place to Be tainable development of energy systems. The focal points are types of foundations, e.g. bucket, gravity and pile foundations. bine manufacturer, Suzlon, has recently chosen to locate its “Aarhus is the place for the wind industry.” Stephan Mey, integration of the fluctuating power generation into the energy Especially experimental verification of constitutive models for European headquarters in Aarhus. Suzlon has bought the newly appointed CEO of Suzlon Europe, has no doubt, that Suzlon, the world´s third largest wind turbine manu- system as well as the economic and institutional conditions that soil exposed to dynamic loads is an important area. German wind turbine manufacture, REpower, making it facturer, has chosen the right spot for its European head- secure a good integration. the world’s third largest wind turbine manufacturer. The quarters. Loads and Safety integration between the two companies will be monitored Power Electronics & Power Systems Research activities are related to stochastic modelling of environ- for some time from the Aarhus base where the German What are the crucial criteria for Suzlon’s location of its A number of different research activities in wind turbine systems mental parameters, material parame-ters in blades, tower and activities? Stephan Mey, whose background is in the German indus- are on-going, e.g. a simulation platform where models of genera- foundation and load bearing capacities. This includes modelling trial giant MAN Diesel, has been announced as the new “On the political level, there is a strong focus on strength- tors, power converters and control system are tested with differ- of physical, statistical and model uncertainties. Reliability, risk international CEO just prior to the summer holiday, 2010. ening and developing the wind energy cluster. It is a clear- ent simulations. Other activities focus on power system stability analysis and life cycle-based optimal planning of op-eration and “Aarhus is the place for the wind industry,” says Stephan ly defined goal as part of the tour activities and strength- at distribution and transmission level, energy storage and on-line maintenance are also key areas. Mey. “The region has major companies and a whole bed- ens our business opportunities.” performance optimisation of wind turbines. If your company wishes to explore the possibilities of re- rock of suppliers. At the same time, it’s just the right size: It What should Aarhus do to remain an attractive epicentre is not so big that you drown, but big enough to have the re- for wind energy? Automation & Control search collaboration with Aalborg University, please contact sources, manpower and partners necessary for a company Modelling, control and supervision are of increasing importance AAU Matchmaking on tel. +45 9940 7376 or mail: match@ like Suzlon.” See text box. “Being the leading global region is an attraction itself. A in the effort to develop competitive technologies. Automation & aau.dk broad range of qualified companies and employees gives Control work on the foundations for advanced control of future Aarhus a really strong business environment. The region The Engine of the Wind Industry wind energy installations. The work addresses performance, sta- should very much try to maintain it. The current vision bility and fault tolerance by applying new results from a range of Aarhus’ status as the centre of the Danish wind industry to be the world’s wind capital is absolutely the logical control technologies. becomes evident, when the expanding circle of compa- next step. Initiatives like Navitas Park could strengthen Hub North business network Aarhus’ position further.” nies which supply components, services, and advice to the Analysis & design of composite structures Hub North is a Northern Denmark business network wind industry is taken into account. How does the Danish wind energy cluster stand in terms Research activities primarily concern analysis and design of light- for the wind energy industry. The aim of Hub North is This important part of the industry does not show in of the international competition? weight composite and sandwich struc-tures. Based on solid me- to promote, unite, develop and strengthen the region’s the official industry statistics, and its size is unaccounted chanics and finite element methods, projects focus on the me- wind turbine industry. Industry participants in the net- for. But a conservative estimate can be derived from the “It is not the largest in terms of volume, but it’s still the chanical behaviour of composite structures, adhesive bonded strongest. It is the only region with companies, education- work are manufacturers and subcontractors within the Danish Wind Industry Association’s list of members. The joints, micro mechanics, structural design, modelling and simula- al institutions and politicians dedicated to wind energy. wind turbine industry. AAU plays an important role in organisation has 240 members, of which 78 – around tion of the moulding process for wind turbine blades. Aarhus is ahead of all its competitors in that area.” Hub North in relation to knowledge sharing, innovation a third – are based in Central Denmark, with by far the and research collaboration. Find out more about Hub greatest concentration of companies in the Greater Aarhus Which value do the many sub-contractors in the Central Structural Dynamics North or join the network at www.hubnorth.dk area and surrounding municipalities. Denmark have for Suzlon? The group carries out research within global dynamics and mechanics of wind turbines, including the interaction between The wind cluster in Greater Aarhus has established it- “They have specific knowledge, knowhow and routines self as an engine for the Danish wind energy industry. Not which we can learn from. Furthermore, the short geo- rotor, transmission system, tower and foundation. Special inter- just the manufacturers, but also notable suppliers like Sky- graphical distance between them and us makes commu- est areas are control of blade vibrations, tower and rotor shaft kon, provider of wind turbine tower solutions, and AVN nication and dialogue far easier.” through individual pitch regulation, generator moment control Energy, supplier of components, have since become global or other strategies for vibration control. players themselves. And this has played a part in bring-

20 Mondaymorning Aalborg University Fredrik Bajers Vej 5 P.O. box 159 9100 Aalborg Phone: (+45) 9940 9940 [email protected]

200x266.indd 1 10-09-2010 13:20:27 Research in Wind Energy at Aalborg University Wind power is a central area of research and education at Aalborg University (AAU). Research in this area is coordinated and carried out by research groups organised under the virtual centre for Wind Energy Structures and Technologies at AAU (WEST). Much research is done in collaboration with international companies and research institutions. Will you join us?

Energy Planning Foundation Engineering & Geotechnics Research within this area centres around the technical, economic The research group works with development and verification of and institutional possibilities and bar-riers for advancing sus- computational models for the load bearing capacity of different tainable development of energy systems. The focal points are types of foundations, e.g. bucket, gravity and pile foundations. integration of the fluctuating power generation into the energy Especially experimental verification of constitutive models for system as well as the economic and institutional conditions that soil exposed to dynamic loads is an important area. secure a good integration. Loads and Safety Power Electronics & Power Systems Research activities are related to stochastic modelling of environ- A number of different research activities in wind turbine systems mental parameters, material parame-ters in blades, tower and are on-going, e.g. a simulation platform where models of genera- foundation and load bearing capacities. This includes modelling tors, power converters and control system are tested with differ- of physical, statistical and model uncertainties. Reliability, risk ent simulations. Other activities focus on power system stability analysis and life cycle-based optimal planning of op-eration and at distribution and transmission level, energy storage and on-line maintenance are also key areas. performance optimisation of wind turbines. If your company wishes to explore the possibilities of re- Automation & Control search collaboration with Aalborg University, please contact Modelling, control and supervision are of increasing importance AAU Matchmaking on tel. +45 9940 7376 or mail: match@ in the effort to develop competitive technologies. Automation & aau.dk Control work on the foundations for advanced control of future wind energy installations. The work addresses performance, stability and fault tolerance by applying new results from a range of control technologies. Hub North business network Analysis & design of composite structures Hub North is a Northern Denmark business network Research activities primarily concern analysis and design of light- for the wind energy industry. The aim of Hub North is weight composite and sandwich struc-tures. Based on solid me- to promote, unite, develop and strengthen the region’s chanics and finite element methods, projects focus on the me- wind turbine industry. Industry participants in the net- chanical behaviour of composite structures, adhesive bonded work are manufacturers and subcontractors within the joints, micro mechanics, structural design, modelling and simula- wind turbine industry. AAU plays an important role in tion of the moulding process for wind turbine blades. Hub North in relation to knowledge sharing, innovation and research collaboration. Find out more about Hub Structural Dynamics North or join the network at www.hubnorth.dk The group carries out research within global dynamics and mechanics of wind turbines, including the interaction between rotor, transmission system, tower and foundation. Special interest areas are control of blade vibrations, tower and rotor shaft through individual pitch regulation, generator moment control or other strategies for vibration control.

Aalborg University Fredrik Bajers Vej 5 P. O. b ox 1 5 9 9100 Aalborg Phone:Aar (+45)hus – Capital9940 of9940 Wind Energy m a t c h21 @ a a u . d k

200x266.indd 1 10-09-2010 13:20:27 Wind Industry Workforce also began to manufacture wind turbines in the early 1980s. Since then, these Central Denmark machine manufac- Wind industry employees after company type, percent turers have left a long trail of local technological know- how and wind business tradition that now attracts major Manufacturer 14 international manufacturers to the Aarhus area by the Supplier of components etcetera. numbers. In 1997, Nordtank Energy Group and Micon merged % 46 Other to form NEG Micron and become a global player. With 40 around 10,000 wind turbines in 38 countries it claimed 20 percent of the installed wind power in the world. In 2004, Vestas and NEG Micron merged to become the world’s largest wind turbine manufacturer. Wind industry employees after job type, percent The same year, Bonus was bought by German indus- Production trial giant Siemens. Vestas and Siemens Windpower con- 7 solidated themselves with headquarters in Randers and 11 Test and development of new products Brande respectively, while Vestas maintained part of its 10 % 51 Process and quality control manufacturing activities in West Jutland.

10 Sales and marketing Over the years, this significant presence of leading global manufacturers has given rise to a strong network 11 Service and maintenance of suppliers which, today, encompasses the entire supply Other chain in terms of development, production, and sale of wind turbines. In turn, the 80 or so companies who have Figure 3: The wind cluster of Aarhus houses the entire value settled here in the wake of the manufacturers’ rapid ex- chain, from production to development, maintenance, and pansion have evolved into a powerful wind energy cluster marketing. in the Central Denmark belt. See page 30.

Source: Danish Wind Industry Association. Strong Synergies The wind cluster has benefited greatly from the strong pro- 10 percent work in sales and marketing of the manufactur- fessional and industrial environment in the region within ing and service departments of the industry, while almost energy and environmental technology. Many of the wind 20 percent work in consultancy, management, and mainte- industry suppliers are also suppliers to other energy sec- nance. See figure 3.

Historic Power of cooperation Aarhus Has the Skills The Central Denmark wind cluster dates back to the 1970s, and many companies, both manufacturers and suppliers, Level of education in the wind industry, percent are united by strong historic bonds. Greater Rest of The Danish industrial wind energy adventure began Aarhus Denmark on the West Jutland heath in the end of the 70s when stu- All employees 100 100 dents and teachers at the so-called Tvind schools in Ulfborg University 10 4 and Ringkøbing decided to build the world’s largest wind Short-/medium-cycle higher education 18 10 turbine. The Tvind Mill was developed and built between Vocational education & training 45 44 1975-78 and in many ways accelerated Danish wind energy High school 5 4 research. At the same time, it inspired local machine manu- Primary/N.A. 22 37 facturers to initiate the development and manufacturing of wind turbines. Greater Aarhus share of the Danish wind industry Most notably: Vestas – today the world´s largest wind employment, turbine manufacturer. The company was originally called Greater Aarhus Vestjysk Stålteknik and, until the end of the 1970s, pro- All employees 35 duced farm vehicles from its address in Lem. Inspired by University 57 the political and market interest in the Tvind project, and Short-/medium-cycle higher education 49 further urged by a decline in the farming industry, Vestas Vocational education & training 35 switched to wind turbines and, late in 1979, put its first High school 39 wind turbine on the market. (See article page 27). Primary/N.A. 24 The company Danregn, in Brande, between Ringkøbing and Aarhus, had the same idea. Danregn originally sup- Figure 4: The level of education among wind industry plied irrigation systems for agricultural use but in 1980 be- employees is higher in the Greater Aarhus area than in the rest of Denmark. gan to manufacture the so-called Bonus wind turbine. Nor- dtank on the Djursland peninsula and Micon in Randers Source: E-statistik.

22 Mondaymorning tors and major environmental and energy-tech companies Aarhus is High-End in the area – like the world’s largest pump manufacturer, Grundfos, to name one. Wind industry employees after socio-economic status, percent According to the Danish Wind Industry Association, Greater Rest of there are significant cross-sector synergies between the Aarhus Denmark wind cluster and these other supply chains. All employees 100 100 One significant effect is that the skill and education Top executives 7 3 levels are higher than in the rest of Denmark. An analysis High-skill employees 13 6 from eStatistic shows that the Central Denmark region has Medium-skilled employees 22 10 a greater share of employees with higher education in these Other 58 81 fields than Copenhagen, the Danish capital, whose general level of education is considerably higher in practically any Greater Aarhus’ share of Danish wind industry other area. If you look specifically at the Greater Aarhus employment, percent area, where the wind cluster has its centre, the trend is even Greater Aarhus more distinct. All employees 35 Almost 60 percent of the wind industry employees with Top executives 57 a university education work in the Greater Aarhus area. In High-skill employees 53 Aarhus, more than 25 percent have a higher education. In Medium-skilled employees 55 the rest of Denmark, the ratio is one to six. See figure 4. Other 28 The Greater Aarhus area has by far the greatest proportion of decision-makers in the wind industry. Almost 60 Figur 5: The Aarhus wind cluster has a higher percentage of percent of all top executives, and more than half of other high-skilled employees than the rest of the country. high-ranking employees, work in the Greater Aarhus area wind cluster. See figure 5. Kilde: E-statistik.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 23 Denmark’s new hub for innovation, education and energy FACTS Navitas will be Denmark’s new hub for energy, innovation and education at NAVITAS the docklands of Aarhus. The building will be completed in 2014 and will In 2014, Navitas, the new flagship “We want to create an environment 37,000 energy efficient square accomodate more than for green energy, opens in the city where boundaries between industrial metres 2,300 students, teachers, of Aarhus. The impressive build- development, public research and Navitas will consist of approximately researchers and entrepre- ing will be an international hub for education do non existing. We want 37,000 square metres situated in the neurs. green energy technology. an open, creative and future-oriented docklands of Aarhus. With this central campus environment,” explains Navitas will accomodate two educa- location, the building will be an Navitas is a strategic Niels Christian Sidenius. Navitas tional institutions, Aarhus School of important part of a new vivacious city element of the focus on is expected to become a magnet for Engineering and Aarhus School of quarter at the waterfront of Aarhus. green growth as expressed international expertise and to attract Marine and Technical Engineering, by the City of Aarhus and both students and researchers from all It will be a low-energy class 1 build- as well as INCUBA Science Park. Central Denmark Region. around the world. ing, according to the newest Danish More than 2,300 students, teachers, Building regulation, and it is designed The building will ac- researchers and entrepreneurs will Boost for innovation based on the principles of integrated commodate facilities for interact in an open and dynamic envi- Navitas will play a central role in energy design. This means that education, laboratories ronment and help enhance Denmark’s boosting innovation within the Danish Navitas is built with a high focus on and entrepreneurship. leading position within green energy energy sector by connecting knowl- passive energy strategies, low energy technology. edge and research with the industrial measures and good indoor climate. The building itself will be “The world demands solutions able to market and thereby prepare companies Furthermore, the building will be an energy laboratory. This FOCUS AREAS satisfy the growing need for energy for international competition. unique due to its ability to adjust itself involves that e.g. intel- and reduce CO2 emissions at the same to users and conditions with the lowest ligent control systems for “Navitas establishes optimal condi- Education time. Navitas will become a top class possible energy consumption. The reconciliation of energy tions for developing and distributing New courses within energy at the engineering educations and highly specialised international development laboratory,” objective is to reduce the energy con- savings have to be acces- knowledge and transforming it into further training for engineers in the energy industry will be established. says Niels Christian Sidenius, chair- sumption with 50 percent compared to sible to researchers and new products and production methods. man of the Navitas steering commit- a stanard building. students to be applied in Research and development tee. This will be ongoing lessons. Navitas will provide research and development in close cooperation between aca- advantageous for demics and industrial partners. It will cover a complete energy technology portfolio Navitas is designed ac- An international flagship companies in the including disciplines such as building efficiency, advanced grid technology, renew- cording to the principles Ambitions are high and the vision is energy sector, both able energy, and wind power technology . of integrated energy clear – Navitas is to be an internation- now and in the future, design. The objective is Energy Research Park al beacon within knowledge environ- and give them new that the building obtains a Navitas will have its own science park with focus on companies with direct or indi- ments. The spectacular, star-shaped market opportunities,” classification as a low- rect affiliations to the energy sector. Furthermore, it will include a project hotel and building will be the framework for says Niels Christian energy class 1 building, a Student Entrepreneurship Incubator. an open and innovative environment. Sidenius. according to the newest Here, education, development and Matchmaking Danish Building regula- research will embrace many different Navitas will play a central role as bridging research with business community tion. subjects in strong cooperation with the within the field of energy. business community. The results will Navitas is based on cli- be improved education, new tech- mate and custom design. nologies and a strengthened industrial The building will exploit development with a clear prospect of local energy resources growth. optimally and adjust to users and conditions with the lowest possible energy consumption.

www.navitas-park.dk Denmark’s new hub for innovation, education and energy FACTS Navitas will be Denmark’s new hub for energy, innovation and education at NAVITAS the docklands of Aarhus. The building will be completed in 2014 and will In 2014, Navitas, the new flagship “We want to create an environment 37,000 energy efficient square accomodate more than for green energy, opens in the city where boundaries between industrial metres 2,300 students, teachers, of Aarhus. The impressive build- development, public research and Navitas will consist of approximately researchers and entrepre- ing will be an international hub for education do non existing. We want 37,000 square metres situated in the neurs. green energy technology. an open, creative and future-oriented docklands of Aarhus. With this central campus environment,” explains Navitas will accomodate two educa- location, the building will be an Navitas is a strategic Niels Christian Sidenius. Navitas tional institutions, Aarhus School of important part of a new vivacious city element of the focus on is expected to become a magnet for Engineering and Aarhus School of quarter at the waterfront of Aarhus. green growth as expressed international expertise and to attract Marine and Technical Engineering, by the City of Aarhus and both students and researchers from all It will be a low-energy class 1 build- as well as INCUBA Science Park. Central Denmark Region. around the world. ing, according to the newest Danish More than 2,300 students, teachers, Building regulation, and it is designed The building will ac- researchers and entrepreneurs will Boost for innovation based on the principles of integrated commodate facilities for interact in an open and dynamic envi- Navitas will play a central role in energy design. This means that education, laboratories ronment and help enhance Denmark’s boosting innovation within the Danish Navitas is built with a high focus on and entrepreneurship. leading position within green energy energy sector by connecting knowl- passive energy strategies, low energy technology. edge and research with the industrial measures and good indoor climate. The building itself will be “The world demands solutions able to market and thereby prepare companies Furthermore, the building will be an energy laboratory. This FOCUS AREAS satisfy the growing need for energy for international competition. unique due to its ability to adjust itself involves that e.g. intel- and reduce CO2 emissions at the same to users and conditions with the lowest ligent control systems for “Navitas establishes optimal condi- Education time. Navitas will become a top class possible energy consumption. The reconciliation of energy tions for developing and distributing New courses within energy at the engineering educations and highly specialised international development laboratory,” objective is to reduce the energy con- savings have to be acces- knowledge and transforming it into further training for engineers in the energy industry will be established. says Niels Christian Sidenius, chair- sumption with 50 percent compared to sible to researchers and new products and production methods. man of the Navitas steering commit- a stanard building. students to be applied in Research and development tee. This will be ongoing lessons. Navitas will provide research and development in close cooperation between aca- advantageous for demics and industrial partners. It will cover a complete energy technology portfolio Navitas is designed ac- An international flagship companies in the including disciplines such as building efficiency, advanced grid technology, renew- cording to the principles Ambitions are high and the vision is energy sector, both able energy, and wind power technology . of integrated energy clear – Navitas is to be an internation- now and in the future, design. The objective is Energy Research Park al beacon within knowledge environ- and give them new that the building obtains a Navitas will have its own science park with focus on companies with direct or indi- ments. The spectacular, star-shaped market opportunities,” classification as a low- rect affiliations to the energy sector. Furthermore, it will include a project hotel and building will be the framework for says Niels Christian energy class 1 building, a Student Entrepreneurship Incubator. an open and innovative environment. Sidenius. according to the newest Here, education, development and Matchmaking Danish Building regula- research will embrace many different Navitas will play a central role as bridging research with business community tion. subjects in strong cooperation with the within the field of energy. business community. The results will Navitas is based on cli- be improved education, new tech- mate and custom design. nologies and a strengthened industrial The building will exploit development with a clear prospect of local energy resources growth. optimally and adjust to users and conditions with the lowest possible energy consumption.

www.navitas-park.dk #3 Vestas might be the world’s leading wind turbine manufacturer. But its native soil, Central Denmark, still plays an important role in its global strategy.

26 Mondaymorning Vestas: The Grand Old Man of the Industry

• The world’s largest wind turbine manufacturer, Vestas, is in the process of moving its headquarters to Aarhus • The roller coaster history of the company is representative of the development of the Danish wind turbine industry

Over the last 30 years, the wind giant Vestas has slowly Vestas commenced its first wind turbine experiments. In migrated from its home town of Lem on the western coast 1979, Vestas developed its tall, three-bladed trademark of Denmark, through Ringkøbing and Randers to Aarhus, turbine, simply known as the ‘Danish Concept’ in the in- where its new corporate headquarters is scheduled to open dustry. The design which conquered the world and is the in 2011. In the course of this 114 kilometres journey, the industry standard even today. company has undergone a exceptional transformation, Interest in wind turbines was modest in the beginning, from a small forge to a global wind energy market leader. mainly stemming from communes and small, alternative It has kept facilities on its native soil in the Ringkøbing- farmers. In 1980, Vestas had 36 orders for wind turbines. Skjern area. But by and large, it is a global operator with The introduction of highly advantageous American tax around 22,000 employees around the world, a market schemes which contributed up to 50 percent of the price of share of 12.5 percent and a turnover of 49.4 billion kroner the turbines, changed this and created what has since been in 2009. Since Vestas produced its first turbine in 1979, referred to as the ‘Great Californian wind rush’. In 1983, the company has installed over 40,000 turbines around the Vestas’ orders rocketed from around 30-40 per year to 155. world. Today, it erects a new turbine every three hours. Within a year they, had 550 orders, and in 1985s, they sent Vestas can claim the credit for almost a third of the world’s 1,200 turbines across the Atlantic. combined wind power capacity over the last thirty years. In 1986. the American market suddenly collapsed as a new political agenda put a stop to the tax rebates. This The Beginning: Lem spelled disaster for Vestas, which applied for an adminis- The story of Vestas begins in 1898, when 22-year-old tration order. On January 7th 1987, Vestas was declared Hans Søren Hansen bought his local forge and founded technically bankrupt. The wind turbine adventure of the his company. Right from the beginning, the enterprise 1980s was over. was engaged to windmills, servicing the numerous Dan- ish farms where small mills powered threshers and similar The Recovery: Ringkøbing machinery. But its main product was steel window frames On the same day, Vestas rose from the ashes for a second for industry. time with the founding of Vestas Wind Systems A/S. With During WWII, the company went bankrupt due to a just 60 employees, it set out on a remarkable recovery. lack of raw materials, but already in 1945, the founder’s The bankruptcy had taught the company a valuable son, Peter Hansen, founded VEstjyske STaalvarefabrik A/S lesson, and Vestas began to forge new markets so that it (West Jutland Steel Factory Inc.), shortened “Vestas”. Ini- would never be dependent on one clientele again. A joint tially, it produced household machines, but slowly turned venture with India was established, and Vestas opened to farm vehicles and small cranes for trucks. sales offices in Germany, Sweden, the US and Italy. Slowly, The oil crisis of the 1970s brought political attention to turnover began to grow from 100 million kroner in 1987 to energy security. Concording with the spirit of the times, 500 million kroner in 1990.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 27 At the same time, technological development began to The Future: Aarhus pick up speed. In the 1980s, Vestas had been producing “Will to win” worked. In just three years, Ditlev En- 100 kilowatt turbines. In 1995, it launched a 1.5 mega- gel managed to change a loss of 1.45 billion kroner into HANDLE WITH CARE IN PORT OF AARHUS watts turbine. The same year, the company embarked on a record profit of 3.8 billion kroner in 2008. That year, its first off-shore project, featuring 10 sea turbines in Tunø Ditlev Engel announced Vestas will move its headquarters Knob in the Kattegat Straights south-east of Aarhus. to Aarhus in 2011, neighbouring the research and devel- In 1998, Vestas was once again back on top as the world’s opment centre. For now, Vestas’ long journey has reached largest wind turbine manufacturer with a turnover of 2.6 its final destination. billion kroner. The same year, the company moved its head- In reality, the journey has been far longer than the 114 quarters to an old shipbuilding yard in Ringkøbing. Turno- kilometers between Ringkøbing and Aarhus. More than ver increased to 6.5 billion kroner in 2000, and the year anything, Vestas is now a global company with 99 percent after, it grew by almost 50 percent to 9.52 billion kroner. of its business outside of Denmark. The headquarters in Aarhus will function as a strategic junction, where Ditlev Engel can keep abreast of his presidents and their business regions which are spread out over the globe. Ditlev En- gel emphasizes that one of the advantages in having their “In order to attract and keep the headquarters in Denmark is that, “it is possible to talk to workforce we need, both domestic Asia in the morning and the USA in the evening”. and foreign, we have chosen to locate But why Aarhus? our new base in Aarhus. We think it “Central Denmark and Aarhus play an important role for Vestas for many reasons. This is where a large part of has the right facilities – also outside our company was founded. There is a special know-how, office hours.” knowledge and understanding of our products and the wind industry in general among employees, local residents, Ditlev Engel,, CEO, Vestas politicians and educational institutions,” says Ditlev Engel. “Aarhus is the largest and most international city in the region. In order to attract and keep the workforce we need, both domestic and foreign, we have chosen to locate our The Merger: Randers new base in Aarhus. We think it has the right facilities – In 2003 Vestas merged with its competitor, Central Jut- also outside office hours. When the world is getting smaller * Moderne port facilities land’s other big wind turbine manufacturer, NEG MI- and smaller, it will be more and more crucial to have a ‘one CON. In one stroke this created a wind giant with a global stop shop’ concept in place for overseas employees. For this * Lift capacity up to 182 tons market share of 35 percent. The new company was called reason, Vestas has engaged in the International Commu- Vestas, but moved into NEG MICON’s offices in Randers. nity as well as the international school in Aarhus. We have * Outreach up to 47 meters By 2005, Vestas was undisputedly the world’s domi- high hopes that an international high school will soon be nant wind turbine manufacturer. But it had also faced a established,” he says. number of challenges which put the colossal growth of * Easy access from E45 the company of 30-40 percent per annum between 1987- There is no doubt that attracting and holding on to global 2005, into perspective. Following the merger of two very companies is a major challenge for Denmark. Looking for- different organisational cultures, a number of technical ward, what does it take for Denmark and Aarhus to remain problems arose. In 2003 Vestas was forced to take down attractive to companies like Vestas? and repair 80 off-shore turbines which had been erected “Denmark has a great deal of experience and knowl- at Horns Rev. edge of wind energy. But we have got to pool our resources The answer to many of these problems went by the to really make a difference and take on countries such name of Ditlev Engel, who took the stage as new CEO as China and the US. We hope that the different educa- in 2005. One of Engel’s first decisions was to establish a tional institutions in the Greater Aarhus area and the rest new development centre in Aarhus. He also launched the of the country will work strategically together to support ‘Will to Win’ strategy, aimed at increasing earnings and the wind energy industry and its suppliers. The concept improving the quality of Vestas’ products. Among other of creating clusters of special knowledge within energy in things, this was achieved by improved monitoring of wind Central Denmark is the right one. We have got to work turbines, which means that Vestas can now follow over together to make it internationally.” 15,000 turbines from its development centre in Aarhus, and adjust each individual turbine to optimise performance in accordance with wind conditions. He also established an all-new organisation with 14 business regions, each controlled by its own president, who report to the general management: Engel and CFO Henrik Nørremark.

Mindet 2, P.O. Box 130, DK-8100 Århus C . Tel. +45 86 13 32 66 . Fax +45 86 12 76 62 28 Mondaymorning [email protected] . www.aarhushavn.dk HANDLE WITH CARE IN PORT OF AARHUS

* Moderne port facilities * Lift capacity up to 182 tons * Outreach up to 47 meters * Easy access from E45

Mindet 2, P.O. Box 130, DK-8100 Århus C . Tel. +45 86 13 32 66 . Fax +45 86 12 76 62 [email protected] . www.aarhushavn.dk Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 29 #4 The entire wind turbine supply chain is represented in Central Denmark. The close relations between suppliers and manufacturers is a tremendous competitive advantage.

30 Mondaymorning A Unique Supply Chain

• Aarhus and its surrounding area is home to the biggest concentration of chain suppliers in the global wind industry • Many have taken a leap from small family businesses to companies with global aspirations • The tradition for cooperation and major partnerships keeps the supply chain dynamic • The suppliers constitute a vast knowledge bank and is a strong asset to the Danish wind cluster

One of the strongest assets of the Danish wind turbine played an active role in the development of the industry clusters is the great number of suppliers to the industry. and today, several suppliers aspire to operate globally. No other place in the world sees the same concentration Small, owner-run suppliers, with perhaps just a handful as the Central Denmark Region. The names ‘Vestas’ and of employees, are becoming professionally-run businesses ‘Siemens’ may be on the turbines, but a significant portion with hundreds of employees. of their design, technology, control systems and individual components is developed and manufactured by suppliers The Variety of the Supply Chain and subcontractors like KK Electronic, Niebuhr Gears and Today, a wind turbine is a tremendously complex structure Skykon. This closely knit and geographically concentrated which has more in common with contemporary aircrafts supply chain is an important junction in the knowledge than the windmills erected in the 1970s. That complexity infrastructure which, from a global perspective, makes is mirrored in the supply chain. Aarhus and the surrounding area a central knowledge hub A wind turbine is made up of a foundation, tower, for the industry. blades and nacelle. The nacelle contains the mechanical The large bedrock of suppliers has grown in sync with components, cooling systems, gears, and generator, as well the development of the major wind turbine manufacturers as control systems and electrical components. These -es such as Vestas, NEG Micon and Bonus (now merged with sential parts are all manufactured by different, highly spe- Siemens Wind Power), It has contributed significantly to cialised suppliers. In addition to this, an “invisible” supply the rapid technological development which characterises chain affords project planning, consulting, logistics, instal- the wind industry. Over a few decades, the entire industry lation, marketing and so on. See figure 1. has undergone a dramatic transformation from idealistic A closer look at the crowd of suppliers in Central Denmark amateurism to big business. It now accounts for around 8.5 makes the strengths of the area apparent. The 80 or so percent of Danish export. subcontractors covers the entire chain. From DAFA in In 1980, the average wind turbine had a capacity of 30 Brabrand, which supplies sealing materials, and Skykon, kilowatt and a diameter of 15 metres. With current tech- which has its headquarters on Aarhus Harbour and is a big nology, it is possible to build turbines up to 5,000 kilowatt player in composites, towers and off-shore foundations, to with a diameter of 115 meters. Progress has been especially consultancies such as Cowi, Rambøll and Niras. The com- rapid in the last five years, when global wind energy capac- panies heavy on manpower are typically located further ity has almost quadrupled. The progress has been driven out of Aarhus, with the intensity of scientific and research by the major manufacturers, but their suppliers have also operations gradually increasing the closer you get to the

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 31 Wind Power Supply Chain

Wind turbine manufacturers and suppliers

Mechanical Components and Blades and Blade Generators Technology AH Bolte JSB Plast Hydra Grene Suzlon Nissens Gamesa Scanvib Vestas Zero-Max Siemens

Total Turbine Design Nacelle Manufacturing Garrad Hassan and Assembly Suzlon Suzlon Gamesa Gamesa Vestas Vestas Siemens Siemens

Towers and Other Steel Processing Welcon/Skykon Værum smedje Control systems H.J. Hansen and electrical Niebuhr Tandhjulsf. components Vestas Bachmann DEIF KK Electronic Mita-Teknik Materials and Suzlon Raw Materials Gamesa H.J. Hansen Vestas JSB Plast Siemens

The rest of the value chain

Operations, Consulting and Planing and park Financing and Transportation Nettransportation Market Analysis service and Certification design Insurance and Installation and el Sales and Exhibition maintenance Service

Difko Suzlon Suzlon Baltship Suzlon North Pool Exportforeningen Garrad Hassan Gamesa Gamesa Deugro Gamesa Teknologisk Institut Vestas Siemens Krangården Vestas COWI Siemens Atradious E. Søndergård Siemens DHI Garrad Hassan Difko Sølyst

Figure 1: The high concentration of enterprises from the entire supply chain is a unique feature of the Danish wind cluster.

Source: Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs .

32 Mondaymorning city, where most development departments are based. “We’ve benefited greatly from Midtvind. There are very few It is from this supply perspective that the Aarhus area competitors in MidtVind, so we have a very open forum and Central Denmark stand out in the global wind in- for the exchange of information. For instance: How do you dustry. Both highly specialised knowledge and technical hold your own in the Chinese market? We have recently knowhow on an international scale is located in a fairly established a sales office in China together with a storage small geographical area. “The entire grey area around de- and manufacturing hall nearby in Wuqing which we share velopment, testing, trials and manufacturing is centered in with four other companies,” says Jacob Norby, managing Central Denmark. This is a great strength which contin- director of DAFA, which employs around 100 people and ues to attract companies to the area,” says Niels Brix, Vice has an annual turnover of 200 million kroner. President for Commercial & External Affairs at Skykon. See text box. Critical (Brain) Mass Because suppliers are no longer confined to delivering indi- Consolidation and Cooperation vidual components but play an increasingly active role in the The trend in the wind turbine industry is consolidation, development of new designs and solutions they collaborate just like other industries, such as mobile phones and cars. closely with the manufacturers’ researchers and developers. An increasing number of links of the supply chain is out- “We are in almost daily contact with the major manufac- sourced to larger suppliers. As the market for wind tur- turers’ development departments,” says Jacob Norby. bines matures, suppliers – including design and develop- As Rasmus Niebuhr, director of gearing manufacturer ment companies – will eventually become fewer and larger, Niebuhr Gears in Ikast, puts it, “To a great extent, it is the providing manufacturers with combined solutions. Simul- development of the major clients which has driven us for- taneously, they gradually adopt management control sys- ward. We are in close contact about technical matters, and tems such as Lean and Six Sigma as part of their operations we test new products in the clients’ development depart- strategy, often urgingly encouraged by their customers. ments before we start production. This creates a good syn- Stepping up to face global challenges and the increas- ergy,” says Rasmus Niebuhr. Like DAFA, the company is ing demands of manufacturers can be a big mouthful for now establishing itself in China, tightly coordinated with small suppliers. In order to deal with this task, a number of the major manufacturers. This means that a start-up order Jutland’s suppliers have founded the network organization is already in place. “We are where we are because of the MidtVind to share knowledge and experience. major clients,” says Rasmus Niebuhr. MidtVind, a subcontractors´ group within The Dan- ish Wind Industry Association, is a good example of the special partnership culture and spirit which characterises Skykon the Danish wind industry. MidtVind, a forum for subcontractors in the Central Denmark belt, was founded in 2008 The Aarhus-based company Skykon is a clear illustration and has grown from 6 to 14 members. The members meet of the consolidation trend among the wind turbine industry’s suppliers. With more than 25 years’ experience as a roughly every second month and the work is organised subcontractor to the wind turbine industry, Skykon is now into a number of so-called “experience groups” covering set to become the leading supplier of towers and com- five areas: sales and marketing; manufacturing and engi- posite materials for turbine components. Instead of just neering; research and development; purchasing and logis- supplying individual components, it now offers integrated solutions, developing the design in collaboration with the tics; and human resources. manufacturers. A key element in Skykon’s business strat- The network was initially established to support mem- egy is the acqusition of smaller subcontractors in order to bers through the fast and turbulent maturation process of become the international leader in its field. the entire wind industry which rapidly increases demands According to Niels Brix, Vice President for Commercial & on suppliers’ organisations. According to MidtVind project External Affairs, Skykon’s growth exemplifies a general director, Kim Nedergaard Jacobsen, customers are conti- trend in the industry. It holds great advantages for Sky- nously raising their standards in terms of quality, problem kon’s customers, the major manufacturers. “Instead of management, reliability, and stability, as well as a greater sourcing individual components from a long list of suppli- concern for social responsibility. ers, they can buy a complete solution from Skykon. When it comes to towers, we can deliver the complete construc- The collaborative mind-set that MidtVind represents tion, with all the elements such as mounts, internals and is a unique feature of the Danish wind cluster. In today’s cabling, all ready to be erected.” thoroughly competitive market, this level of cooperation is hardly rivaled anywhere. According to Niels Brix, this development also means that the suppliers can be integrated into the manufacturer’s The regional project manager of Invest in Denmark, design and development process to a greater degree, re- Peder Bo Sørensen, sees it as a crucial part of the secret sulting in a much closer cooperation. “In the old days, behind the success of the Danish wind clusters. “The manufacturers came with a design and said, ‘There you bulkheads are not as watertight as you see in Germany, go, get on with it’. Today, they call for components that fit for example – neither between individual companies nor the particular circumstances, but it is our job to deliver the solution. For Skykon, this is especially prominent in between researchers and technology developers,” he says. the field of off-shore wind.” The network gives the individual suppliers access to a valuable pool of experience and knowledge.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 33 “They say an expert is someone who with Danish suppliers, for example system solutions which are tailored to suit the local needs of different markets. has made all the mistakes without “The Danish subcontractors have important know-how anyone noticing. This applies perfectly which is especially valuable for new players in the market. to the Danish companies, with their For example, large parts of the Chinese shipping industry are changing to wind turbine manufacturing. They have 20-30 years of experience.” shown a great interest in the technical insight and practical Kim Nedergaard Jacobsen, Project Director, MidtVind experience found in the Central Denmark belt,” says Kim Nedergaard Jacobsen from MidtVind, adding: “They say an expert is someone who has made all the mistakes without anyone noticing. This applies perfectly to the Danish companies, with their 20-30 years of experience.” The tight bonds places a significant demand on the The relatively high concentration of knowledge and ex- suppliers’ knowledge skills and professionalism. In this perience – and companies – also factors heavily in attract- respect, they can benefit from the great combined knowl- ing high-skill employees – from Danish universities, engi- edge pool among the suppliers of the region. neering colleges, and business schools, as well as from those Most often, the Central Denmark wind cluster is abroad. This helps maintain the dynamics of the region. Sauer Roldskov is a specialized international law firm focusing praised for its technical skills. But in fact, the knowledge According to Peder Bo Sørensen from Invest in Den- on the cleantech sector. Our firm gives legal advice to suppli- skills in the region cover a number of areas, from engineer- mark, the Danish knowledge easily bears comparison with ers of equipment and services, equity investors, banks, utili- ing to global marketing. Because Denmark has a status as the world’s best-known scientific cluster, Silicon Valley in first mover, the region is home to a large number of players the US. “The many development centres, public research ties, developers of new technologies, project developers and with thorough understanding of customers and local pe- institutes, and experienced suppliers constitutes a critical project owners. culiarities of different markets, as they have been cultivat- mass within a clearly defined field. This creates synergies

ing them from the beginning. between the region’s many players and helps to maintain This legacy means access to a knowledge and experi- and attract new talent. The high concentration has a self- We combine unique industry skills with deep legal knowledge ence network with no equal anywhere in the world. In perpetuating effect,” he says. and provide value-adding advice in close, direct cooperation short, the knowledge cluster has gained critical mass. This with our clients, where good chemistry and trust are essential goes for recruitment as well. It is possible to engage specialists who “were born and raised” in the industry and to our business. have unique understanding of its operations and markets. The subcontractors constitute a central and important part of this regional knowledge network. Many experts who launched their careers at the major manufacturers Sauer Roldskov provides innovative legal advice on: are now with suppliers, but equally involved in driving the technological development. The concentration of knowledge and experience in the region has not gone unnoticed abroad. In recent years, >> Renewable Transactions a number of foreign wind turbine manufacturers have opened offices in the Aarhus area to utilise local skills and >> Legal Due Diligence insource the knowledge and know-how in the region. Others are content to place specific development tasks >> Project Finance >> Project Development >> Commercial Contracts >> Claims & Arbitration >> Risk Assessment

sauer roldskov Soender Allé 4 DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark tel. +45 7070 2928 [email protected]

34 Mondaymorning www.sauerroldskov.com Sauer Roldskov is a specialized international law firm focusing on the cleantech sector. Our firm gives legal advice to suppliers of equipment and services, equity investors, banks, utili- ties, developers of new technologies, project developers and project owners.

We combine unique industry skills with deep legal knowledge and provide value-adding advice in close, direct cooperation with our clients, where good chemistry and trust are essential to our business.

Sauer Roldskov provides innovative legal advice on:

>> Renewable Transactions >> Legal Due Diligence >> Project Finance >> Project Development >> Commercial Contracts >> Claims & Arbitration >> Risk Assessment

sauer roldskov Soender Allé 4 DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark tel. +45 7070 2928 [email protected]

Aarhuswww.sauerroldskov.com – Capital of Wind Energy 35 #5 China and the US lead the global race for green energy. But Northern Europe remains an important market, Aarhus being the obvious springboard.

36 Mondaymorning Incubator for the Global Wind Industry

• The worldwide market for wind energy is set to increase significantly • Global presence is essential to get a piece of the action • The dominant companies are attracted by markets and skills • Denmark can become a skills centre for the wind turbine industry in the future • The wind industry cluster in Aarhus acts as a unique incubator for global players

The high concentration of historically interconnected Vestas remains the world’s largest wind turbine manu- wind companies in and around Aarhus are not just notable facturer, but the last ten years’ increased competition has in a Danish context. This cluster is also remarkable from knocked ten percent off the company’s global market an international perspective. No other place on earth can share. Vestas and GE now have roughly the same share – boast the complete range of skills required for the produc- 12.5 percent – of the world market. tion and development of wind turbines within such a small Meanwhile, new growth economies in Asia have taken a geographic area. severe interest in clean-tech and sustainable energy which But, while the Danish wind cluster completely domi- means that wind industry here is flourishing, particularly nated the world market a few years ago, the industry today has become much more globalised, with production, development, and research centres spread all over the world. Installed Wind Power in the World In the course of just ten years, wind energy has become a strategic target area for governments around the Annual and cumulative world, boosting the global market for wind turbines and NW per year Cumulative MW wind technology. From 2000-2009, the annual growth 40,000 -160.000 in global wind energy capacity increased eightfold from 35,000 -140.000 around 5,000 megawatts to around 40,000 megawatts. And 30,000 -120.000 according to the latest market projections from the internationally renowned wind energy analysts, BTM Consult 25,000 -100.000 – coincidentally based in Central Denmark – the annual 20,000 -80.000 output will grow to over 70,000 megawatts during the next 15,000 -60.000 five years. See figure 1. BTM estimates that the combined 10,000 -40.000 global market, just for wind turbines, will be worth the 5,000 -20.000 equivalent of 2,000 billion kroner in five years – approxi- 0 0 mately the same as Denmark’s annual GDP. 1983 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009 Wind energy has become big business, and global giants such as GE in US, German Siemens and Enercon, and Figure 1: Global wind power is booming at a rapid pace. the Spanish Gamesa have intensified their efforts to target the billion dollar market. Source: BTM Consult.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 37 in India and China. Indian corporation Suzlon is now “You find people here who were born the world’s third largest wind turbine manufacturer, and raised in the industry. They have while three Chinese companies, Sinovel, Goldwin and Dongfang, now rank among the 10 largest manufacturers a thorough understanding of how worldwide. See figure 2. wind turbines work and are able to When the global players decide where to locate their operations, they look in two directions: where the markets look ahead and see which type of are, and where they can find the best skills. This makes products will be in future demand. DO WE LOOK WHEN THERE ARE NO Denmark and the large wind industry cluster around This is why Denmark is so interesting FOSSIL FUELS TO LOOK FOR? Aarhus an important destination in the wind energy where to foreign players – particularly those world. As the world races on towards development, our finite conventional energy supplies But this goes both ways. It is just as important for new to the industry.” Vestas to be present in new global hot spots as it is for continue to deplete. To power sustainable development, we need to look towards Finn Strøm Madsen, Research Director, Vestas Siemens, Suzlon and Gamesa to link up with the Dan- renewable, eco-friendly energy sources, like the wind. At Suzlon, we serve your ish wind cluster. As Vestas' research director, Finn Strøm energy needs by providing dependable wind energy solutions backed by excellent Madsen, says: “Today, we are going directly where the customer response and a fully integrated and secure supply chain, which delivers largest markets are, and where we can find the world’s best customised solutions to ensure project performance globally. Come to us, so the wind skills within specific technological fields.” can power the world’s future and yours. European Hot Spots There is no official map of the wind turbine industry’s Today, the global power centres are Denmark, Ger- global skills centres and largest production clusters. But many, Spain, the US, India, and China. Spain, North Ger- all the major wind turbine manufacturers share two com- many and Denmark in particular have built up sizable mon features: Their growth has been encouraged by ex- business clusters around wind turbine production. tensive wind energy development in the areas in which According to the Spanish ministry of industry, 700 they are based. And they have themselves fostered a sup- companies beside the national flagship Gamesa employ a porting network of suppliers in their immediate vicinity. total of 40,000 people directly or indirectly in the Spanish It is just as evident that manufacturers have estab- wind energy sector. Among them are four Vestas facto- lished themselves on each others´ “home turf” to gain ries and its sales- and service headquarters for the entire access to the local market and the skills the region offers. Mediterranean. Often, local authorities have sought to make their par- Germany also harbours hundreds of wind energy com- ticular region attractive through special conditions, in- panies. According to Invest in Germany, over 85,000 peo- frastructure development, and the creation of education ple are directly or indirectly employed in the field of wind and knowledge centres. energy. Northern Germany in particular has been good at pooling skills in clusters, for example the off-shore centre in Bremerhaven. The city university is a focal point for a Supplied and Cumulative Wind Energy local wind energy network of 140 companies within off- Capacity in 2009 shore wind. The European wind clusters have attracted so much Supplied Share of Cumulative Share of attention as growth and employment drivers, that even wind energy global wind- windenergy cumulative in 2009, energy in- installations global wind countries with no wind energy traditions have engaged MW stallations 2009, MW energy capa- in gigantic wind projects. Great Britain, for example, has 2009, pct city, pct. now set out to integrate off-shore turbines in its energy Vestas (DK) 4,766 12.5 39,705 24.8 infrastructure and establish itself as a manufacturing and GE Wind (US) 4,741 12.4 22,961 14.3 knowledge centre for off-shore wind energy. Suzlon (IN) 3,718 9.8 14,565 9.1 “This has the potential to provide tens of thousands of Repower (GE) long-term jobs in technical consultancy, installation, oper- Sinovel (CH) 3,510 9.2 5,658 3.5 ation and maintenance and the associated legal and finan- Enercon (GE) 3,221 8.5 19,798 12.4 cial services. There is also potential to establish a manufac- Goldwind (CH) 2,727 7.2 5,315 3.3 turing base in the UK which could also help create export Gamesa (SP) 2,546 6.7 19,225 12.0 opportunities,” says Jenny Bird of the British think tank the Dongfang (CH) 2,475 6.5 3,765 2.4 Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR). Siemens (DK) 2,265 5.9 11,213 7.0 IPPR has published “Prospects for Creating Jobs from Others 7,033 18.5 26,440 16.5 Off-Shore Wind in the UK” an analysis of the socioeco- Total 37,002 97 168,646 105 nomic perspectives of establishing a British off-shore cluster. It estimates that Great Britain could create up to 70,000 www.suzlon.com green jobs by setting ambitious off-shore wind targets. Figure 2: China is home to 3 leading turbine manufacturers. World’s 3rd largest wind turbine manufacturer | Workforce of 16,000 employees across 25 countries | Fully integrated Jenny Bird points to Denmark, North Germany, and Spain supply chain with manufacturing units on three continents | R&D facilities in Denmark, Germany, India and The Netherlands Source: BTM Consult. as role models for a British wind cluster. * Combined Suzlon and REpower. Source: BTM Consult ApS, March 2010 38 Mondaymorning

Annonce_Globe_200x266.indd 1 01/09/10 10.29 DO WE LOOK WHEN THERE ARE NO where FOSSIL FUELS TO LOOK FOR? As the world races on towards development, our finite conventional energy supplies continue to deplete. To power sustainable development, we need to look towards renewable, eco-friendly energy sources, like the wind. At Suzlon, we serve your energy needs by providing dependable wind energy solutions backed by excellent customer response and a fully integrated and secure supply chain, which delivers customised solutions to ensure project performance globally. Come to us, so the wind can power the world’s future and yours.

www.suzlon.com

World’s 3rd largest wind turbine manufacturer | Workforce of 16,000 employees across 25 countries | Fully integrated supply chain with manufacturing units on three continents | R&D facilities in Denmark, Germany, India and The Netherlands

* Combined Suzlon and REpower. Source: BTM Consult ApS, March 2010 Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 39

Annonce_Globe_200x266.indd 1 01/09/10 10.29 The Growth Engine of the Wind Industry Danish one, the activities are spread out over a far greater Ambitions are equally high outside of Europe. Beyond geographical area. dispute, the growth engines of today’s global wind indus- In China the wind industry includes around 50 turbine try are the US and China. Between them, they accounted manufacturers and over 100 suppliers. A number of com- for two thirds of the global production of wind energy in panies are gathered around Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, 2009. 22 percent of the world’s total wind energy capacity and Chengdu, but otherwise, according to BTM Consult, is installed in the USA, making the world’s largest wind there is no definitive industrial centre. However, a number energy nation by far. But with a mindblowing growth rate of foreign companies, among them Vestas, Gamesa and of 113 percent last year, China is easily the most rapidly gear manufacturers Flender and Bosch Rexroth, are be- expanding. In 2009, China installed six times as many ginning egun to settle in Tianjin close to Beijing. Vestas wind turbines as Europe’s largest market, Spain. This made recently opened its fourth Chinese factory there. China the world’s absolute largest wind market in 2009, The wind turbine industry is also dispersed across the and brought the country’s wind energy capacity to almost whole of the USA. According to the American Wind En- 26,000 MW – only beaten by the USA. See figure 3. ergy Association (AWEA), there are over 200 wind turbine The two enormous markets don’t just fuel a bubbling manufacturing facilities in the USA, spread out in practi- local industry. They constitute obvious destinations for cally every state. Together they employ 85,000 people. GE, the major European wind turbine manufacturers. But which has publicly stated its aim to become the world’s contrasting with the European wind clusters, not least the largest wind turbine manufacturer, has recently built a new headquarters in Schenectady in the state of New York. Vestas has recently inaugurated its third American factory in Brighton, Colorado, and last year established a de- Global Giants velopment centre in Houston, Texas. The 10 largest markets in 2009, annual installed MW A third country beginning to catch the attention of the international wind industry is India which is now the fifth Share of global wind MW energy installations, % largest wind energy market in the world. In no time, India China 13750 36,1 has spawned the world’s third largest wind turbine manu- US 9922 26,0 facturer, Suzlon, and today boasts a host of suppliers to the Spain 2331 6,1 industry. In addition, India is establishing itself as one of the world’s largest suppliers of engineers and IT specialists Germany 1917 5,0 which factors heavily in Vestas’ decision to open a research India 1172 3,1 centre in the Indian university city Chennai which will Italy 1114 2,9 also lay the foundation for a Vestas nacelle factory. France 1104 2,9 Great Britain 1077 2,8 The Incubator of the Wind Industry Canada 950 2,5 In the future, access to a qualified workforce and core Portugal 645 1,7 technological skills will be a crucial factor when the large Total 33982 wind industry corporations locate its activities. With this % of world total 89,2 % in mind, Vestas has initiated a thorough analysis of the best global locations, encompassing wind turbine knowl- The 10 largest markets by the end of 2009, cumulative edge and regional conditions. capacity, MW Share of global Obviously, Vestas does not wish to publish the detailed cumulative capacity, % MW results of this global mapping process. But as Finn Strøm USA 35159 22,0 Madsen says: “Where we are present today, with research China 25853 16,1 and development and our own offices, is where we expect Germany 25813 16,1 to develop our network in the future.” Spain 18784 11,7 Taken at face value, this means that Aarhus in Den- India 10827 6,8 mark, Dortmund and Husum in Germany, the Isle of Italy 4845 3,0 Wight in Great Britain, Houston in Texas, Chennai in In- France 4775 3,0 dia, and Singapore will be the most important skills clus- Great Britain 4340 2,7 ters of the future. Portugal 3474 2,2 In addition to this, Strøm Madsen specifically mentions Denmark 3408 2,1 Beijing as a strategic destination. Aarhus will remain one Total 137277 of the most important junctions in Vestas’ global research % of world total and development activities. When it comes to an understanding of wind turbine systems, the Danish wind clus- Figure 3: The US has by far the largest wind power capacity in ter remains at the top of the global skills pyramid. “When the world. But China’s grows much faster. it comes to system analysis, the concentration of skills is very large,” says Finn Strøm Madsen. Source: BTM Consult. Today, general engineering skills and specific experi-

40 Mondaymorning ence within narrow technology fields can be found in a far Neighbourhood Growth greater concentration in other parts of the world. But Finn Strøm Madsen emphasizes that the historic understanding Market forecast for Northern Europe, megawatt of wind turbine systems prevalent in Denmark is unique. 50,000 Today “You find people here who were born and raised in the in- 2020 total dustry. They have a thorough understanding of how wind 40,000 turbines work and are able to look ahead and see which type of products will be in future demand. This is why 30,000 Denmark is so interesting to foreign players – particularly those new to the industry. It all begins with understanding 20,000 turbines and how they work. If you build on your knowledge of how to make a concrete foundation, you will get 10,000 nowhere,” says Finn Strøm Madsen. 0 According to Peder Bo Sørensen, an expert in the wind BelgiumDenmarkEstoniaFinlandNetherlandsIrelandLatvia LithuaniaPolandUK SwedenGermany turbine industry and regional project director of Invest in Denmark, a great part of this knowledge can be found with the suppliers and subcontractors of the Greater Aarhus Figure 4: Wind energy enjoys tremendous growth in some of Denmark’s neighbouring countries.

Source: Danish Wind Industry Association.

“The systems have become very complex, and a number of manu- Mey, who, with his experience from German industrial giant MAN Diesel, will oversee the fusion of the two wind facturers hand entire subsystems turbine companies. over to suppliers instead of buying Booming Neighbours individual components.” The region is also an interesting destination in terms of Peder Bo Sørensen, Project Director, Invest in Denmark market access. Even though the Danish wind turbine market is miniscule compared to giants like the US and China, or even Southern Europe, the Greater Aarhus area enjoys proximity to other Northern European markets: Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Holland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Po- area. “The systems have become very complex, and a land, Germany, Sweden and Great Britain. number of manufacturers hand entire subsystems over to According to the Danish Wind Industry Association, at suppliers instead of buying individual components. In that least 4,500 megawatts were installed in these neighbouring context, it is unique that the entire supply chain of pro- markets in 2009. The association estimates that the annual duction and development is present in the region.” increase in windpower capacity will mount to at least 7,300 The role of the Aarhus cluster as a global incubator megawatts by 2020. is also prominent among foreign manufacturers. As the Furthermore, Denmark has decided to build its larg- former CEO of Suzlon in Denmark, Erik Winther Peder- est offshore wind turbine park ever, capable of generating sen, states: “We chose to establish ourselves in Denmark, 400 megawatts, beside the island of Anholt in the Kattegat because this was where the expertise was. Simply put, we sea, 60 kilometres east of Aarhus Harbour. While strong could relatively easily recruit experienced personnel from growth is expected in the Swedish, Polish and Dutch mar- existing companies.” kets, the most powerful expansion is expected in Great Pedersen emphasizes that the skills and traditions of Britain and Germany. Great Britain is planning to in- the Greater Aarhus area are a fertile breeding ground for crease its capacity from around 4,000 megawatts in 2009 new businesses: “It might well be that the dominant uni- to 26,000 megawatts in 2020, while the German market is versities in the wind turbine field are not in Aarhus. But expected to grow from a capacity of around 26,000 mega- the companies do have their development and technical watts in 2009 to 49,000 megawatts by 2020. See figure 4. departments in Central Denmark. This helps to increase In total, the wind turbine industry is predicting a com- the attractiveness of the region. When a whole region is bined growth in Denmark’s neighbouring markets of more buzzing with wind activity, employees know that they than 10 percent per annum, from 35 gigawatts today, to at have good possibilities to jump between the companies,” least 117 gigawatts by 2020. says Erik Winther Pedersen. Today, 14 different nationalities are employed at- Su zlon’s office in Aarhus. Following the takeover of the German company REpower, Erik Winther Pedersen has swapped places as CEO with the German, Stephan Karl

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 41 #6 Aarhus is bound for a position as the leading global knowledge centre of wind energy. Cross-sector cooperation is the key to success.

42 Mondaymorning A knowledge Broker in the Green Economy

• Access to knowledge is crucial to the wind industry • Designing the sustainable energy systems of the future requires close cooperation between skills clusters and universities • Aarhus is launching a number of initiatives to become a leading global knowledge centre

Things are really heating up in Central Denmark’s re- velopment of the sustainable energy systems of the future.” search, innovation, and business environments. In Aarhus’ Within the next few years, four initiatives in particular will educational and research institutions, in the city adminis- aim to fulfill that vision: tration and in the business world, everybody is well-aware of the rapid development in the wind industry. A number • AN AMBITIOUS CLIMATE STRATEGY: The City Council of initiatives are underway to consolidate the region’s has committed itself to obtain carbon neutrality by strong position as an incubator for global wind energy de- 2030. Supporting wind power and the regional wind velopment. industry has been singled out as a key priority. One They revolve, of course, around the region’s major wind measure is the erection of an off-shore wind turbine turbine manufacturers and the closely knit network of park in Aarhus Bay. It will supply green electricity to suppliers surrounding them. It is widely recognized that the entire Aarhus area, work as a testing ground for a crucial condition for the success of the industry is the new wind turbine design and hopefully be attractive access to a highly skilled workforce and specialised knowl- to wind companies around the world. The Council is edge about wind technology – especially concerning how also supporting research and business partnerships to adapt technology to the intelligent and cross-border en- which will improve the ability to exploit wind energy ergy systems of the future. and seeks to establish more public-private develop- This knowledge does not rest with individual compa- ment, demonstration, and implementation partner- nies, research institutions or public authorities. It must be ships between authorities, companies and scientific attained, processed and utilised through a close coopera- institutions specialised in energy and climate technol- tion between them – and other skill clusters around the ogies. Se page 48 on Aarhus’ climate strategy. world. The City of Aarhus has decided to take a central role • AN INNOVATION CENTRE FOR ENERGY. To ensure in- in this process. As mayor Nicolai Wammen and alderman ternational impact, a new international power centre Laura Hay put it: “It is our shared ambition that Aarhus for energy and energy technology will commence should be the world’s capital of wind energy: The most im- construction on Aarhus Harbour in 2011. The plan portant global gathering point and skills centre for the de- is to create an open, creative innovation environment

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 43 which combines world class education, research and “It is our shared ambition that business in the field of energy- and environmental technology. The 35,000 square metres Navitas Park, Aarhus should be the world’s which should be completed by 2014, will unite Aarhus capital of wind energy: The most School of Engineering, INCUBA Science Park and important global gathering point Aarhus School of Marine and Technical Engineering and house 2,000 students along with more than 300 and skills centre for the develop- industry employees, scholars and researchers devel- ment of the sustainable energy oping future energy systems. systems of the future.” • DETERMINED SKILLS BUILDING. While the visible Nicolai Wammen, Mayor, and Laura Hay, Alderman, setting for Aarhus’ new innovation centre is being City of Aarhus built, engineering and technical training is undergo- ing radical transformation. The Engineering College of Aarhus and Aarhus University have joined forces to create Aarhus School of Engineering (ASE). It is set to develop a strong technical-scientific research environment for its education programmes. A new programme for graduate engineers, revolving around systemic energy thinking, is already underway. In collaboration with Vestas and Siemens Wind Power, sity, a knowledge bridge to The Technical University of ASE is enhancing its summer school concept. It now Denmark and Risø, and a knowledge corridor to other offers engineering students from around the world wind energy skill centres around the world.” training, company stays, and assignments that fo- First step is to strengthen the network between Aarhus’ cus on the engineering challenges of wind turbine own institutions, so that their efforts appear coherent, designing. consistent and coordinated to external partners. In this respect, novelties like The Navitas Park and ASE can play • A REGIONAL NETWORK. Wind energy is an equally important roles. important element in the growth policy of the en- ASE combines the Engineering College’s experience of tire Central Denmark Region. The Regional Growth industrial laboratories and testing with the University’s Forum has enacted several initiatives aimed at forti- strong scientific grounding in the field of energy solutions. fying the wind industry. Among them are test areas At the Natural Sciences Faculty, for instance, the so-called for the industry; innovative partnerships on the de- iNano centre does research on high-tech surfaces on wind velopment of intelligent electricity systems; and, not turbine wings and new solutions in hydrogen energy. And least, the MidtVind initiative. The latter is a network the research on bio-energy and the relationship between of suppliers to the wind turbine manufacturers. It is agriculture and climate change, that is carried out at the established to strengthen cooperation and exchange Agricultural Science Faculty, with more than 350 scien- of knowledge between suppliers, in order to improve tific employees, can make valuable contributions to solv- their capacity for innovation and prepare them for ing the grand equation of a 100 percent sustainable energy the future demands of an increasingly global wind system. energy market. See page 30. Incidentally, the partners behind Navitas are col- laborating closely with the Aarhus branch of the Danish Several of these ideas have originally been devised by a Technological Institute on new energy solutions and with special wind energy think tank, founded by Aarhus City Aarhus School of Architecture on low energy buildings. Council as early as 2006. It assembled central agents of the local wind industry, scientific community and public Centre for System Thinking business authorities. As such, the initiatives are rooted in The true value of the knowledge pool that Aarhus has ac- the wind industry’s own assessment of the preconditions cumulated is the combination of the wind industry’s practi- that will carry their business safely into a new era. cal experience with turbine design and the unique skills of the knowledge instutions in the fields of system modelling, Building on Cooperation material technology, and surface structures of composite The common idea behind these different political meas- materials. ures is not that future wind energy systems should be When it comes to electronic systems, control technolo- developed by and for Aarhus alone. It is rather to give gies and foundations, other Danish knowledge centres are Aarhus a central role in a closer cooperation between far more specialized. They include Denmark’s Technical wind clusters and knowledge centres globally. University in Lyngby, the research centre Risø in Roskilde; As business director at the City of Aarhus, Jan Beyer and Aalborg University in Northern Jutland which ranks Schmidt-Sørensen, describes the challenge: “There is a among the world’s leading knowledge centres in wind tur- need to create a knowledge highway to Aalborg Univer- bine technology.

44 Mondaymorning Let us help you with your vision!

Denmark is the world leader in wind power turbine technology NIRAS’ services and has been one of the driving forces in the development of NIRAS’ scope of services embraces the full project cycle, i.e. the wind power industry. from strategic environmental assessments, preparation of mas- ter plans, environmental assessments, technical/financial analy- NIRAS has taken active part in this development during the last sis, through design to construction, operation, maintenance and 25 years, through involvement of our 1,400 consultants in wind decommissioning. projects in Denmark and abroad. With a global network of offices Our services comprise: we combine the newest technology - Technical and economical feasibility studies with local knowledge. - Wind modelling - Environmental impact assessment & management Solid experience - Geophysical and geotechnical surveys NIRAS has been involved in more - Hydraulic surveys and modelling than 50 wind farm projects, both - Design Basis onshore and offshore. Our involve- - Structural design ment covers countries like Den- - Monitoring mark, UK, Germany, the Nether- - Risk analyses - Health and safety lands, France, Norway, Sweden and - Commissioning and decommissioning Poland. We are involved from the - Project management very early stages of planning a wind - Training farm, as well as throughout the - Customer’s advisor project cycle including construction, operation and decommissioning.

Project management Wind projects have a tendency to keep growing in size and require solutions of increasing complexity. Though the core of any project is to ensure a solution that accounts for the society’s NIRAS‘ Selected References requirements regarding supply reliability, environment, sustain- - Project management from planning to construction, Walney Offshore Windfarm I&II, DONG Energy ability and economy. - Detailed foundation design and lead management of Sprogo Offshore Wind Farm, A/S Storebaelt - Project management from planning to construction, Barrow Offshore Wind Farm, DONG Energy - Environmental Management support of Westermost Rough Offshore Wind Farm. Customer: DONG Energy. - Environmental Management of Rodsand 2 Offshore Windfarm project. Customer: E.ON Vind Sverige AB - Environmental Management support of the EIA process for Anholt/Djursland offshore windfarm. Customer: Energinet.dk - Environmental Management support to Agder Energi Produksjon on onshore wind- farms in Norway. Customer: Agder Energi Produksjon. - EIA and in-house consultancy for Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality on two onshore wind farms. - Detailed foundation design for Lillgrund Offshore Wind Farm, PH-JV Geotechnical consultancy and conceptual foundation design for offshore wind farms in UK, D, NL, S and DK - R&D Projects

Contact Helle Hegelund Knudsen Phone: +45 8732 3232 Cell phone: +45 2630 0931 Email: [email protected] www.niras.com Åboulevarden 80 8000 Århus C “Our task is, in collaboration with In order to strengthen its capacity within system mod- enterprises and colleagues from elling, ASE has appointed Martin Greiner, an expert in system modelling from Siemens’ main research depart- CaptureCapture thethe synergiessynergies other global knowledge centres, ment in Munich, professor of System Engineering, build- to give the wind turbine industry ing a specialised research staff around the professorship that will cooperate with colleagues from other knowledge withwith MidtVindMidtVind a platform for developing prod- centres. Among other things, they will consider how ucts and components for the wind wind energy systems should be designed today to be able -- thethe suppliersupplier networknetwork to fit into future 100 percent renewable, intelligent, cross- energy systems of the future.” border energy systems. Ove Poulsen, Director, Aarhus School of Engineering, and At the same time, this research group will breed a new professor, Aarhus University generation of engineers with a more systemic approach. The new graduate engineering programme will give students the tools to adress the highly complex challenges of energy system modelling. Bearing this in mind, the main prospect of the Navitas According to Ove Poulsen, one of the first milestones Park and other regional initiatives is to make Aarhus the is to map the 100 percent sustainable energy net which is leading centre and gathering point for the general system required to meet the IPCC’s goal of stabilizing the global development of future wind turbine designs. As director temperature by 2050. “In turn, we must deduce which de- of Aarhus School of Engineering, professor at Aarhus Uni- mands this imposes on the systems we develop today,” says versity Ove Poulsen, says: “Our task is, in collaboration Ove Poulsen. with enterprises and colleagues from other global knowledge centres, to give the wind turbine industry a platform for developing products and components for the wind energy systems of the future.”

NIEBUHR GEARS

With an extensive experience and expertise the MidtVind suppliers address the constant needs of the wind power industry for innovations and product development in their respective core competence areas.

The network also has the ability to act as an integrated and active cooperation partner in the wind turbine value chain with manufacturers, thus promoting system solutions and components integration. The complementary skills of the participating companies and a continuous dialogue and cooperation ensure the capture of potential synergies and state-of-the-art solutions.

MidtVind - a supplier network from Denmark. See further information: Lund & Sørensen (www.ls-windpower.com), DOT (www.dot.dk), Liftra (www.liftra.com), kk-electronic (www.kk-electronic.com), Hydra Grene (www.hydragrene.com), MidtVind is sponsored by Electricon (www.electricon.dk), Deugro (www.deugro.com), DAFA (www.dafa.dk), EU and Danish regions AB Inventech (www.ab-inventech.dk), AH Industries (www.ah-industries.dk), and supported by the Danish Wind Industry AVN Energy (www.avnenergy.com), DEIF (www.deifwindpower.com), 46 Mondaymorning Association Niebuhr Gears (www.niebuhr.dk), Weissenborn (www.weissenborn.dk)

2010-08_Annonce.indd 1 31-08-2010 08:45:09 CaptureCapture thethe synergiessynergies withwith MidtVindMidtVind -- thethe suppliersupplier networknetwork

NIEBUHR GEARS

MidtVind - a supplier network from Denmark. See further information: Lund & Sørensen (www.ls-windpower.com), DOT (www.dot.dk), Liftra (www.liftra.com), kk-electronic (www.kk-electronic.com), Hydra Grene (www.hydragrene.com), MidtVind is sponsored by Electricon (www.electricon.dk), Deugro (www.deugro.com), DAFA (www.dafa.dk), EU and Danish regions AB Inventech (www.ab-inventech.dk), AH Industries (www.ah-industries.dk), and supported by the Danish Wind Industry AVN Energy (www.avnenergy.com), DEIF (www.deifwindpower.com), Association Niebuhr Gears (www.niebuhr.dk), Weissenborn (www.weissenborn.dk)

2010-08_Annonce.indd 1 31-08-2010 08:45:09 #7 The City of Aarhus has committed itself to become carbon neutral in 2030. Wind energy factors heavily in the political strategy.

48 Mondaymorning Aarhus Aspiring for Green Leadership

• The Aarhus City Council has decided to make Aarhus carbon neutral by 2030 • Energy reduction and sustainable energy production are the core elements in an ambitious political strategy • Mobilizing enterprises, citizens, and the scientific community behind this agenda will be instrumental to success

The city of the future is green. Around the world, planners The City is taking measures to erect more wind turbines, and politicians are sketching ambitious concepts for sus- establish research and business partnerships and invest in tainable cities, and front runners like Aarhus are already better exploitation of windpower. locked on target. As early as 2007, the Aarhus City Coun- cil launched an ambitious and proactive climate strategy From Vision to Success with energy efficiency and sustainable energy as its key Aarhus aspires to set a new national standard for green elements. cities – and become a role model for other cities, when it The political vision at the core of this strategy is that comes to sustainability and green policies. Aarhus must become carbon neutral by 2030. On the road As the city’s climate vision states: “Aarhus takes the lead to this goal, the city wants to be an attractive development in the climate struggle to develop a sustainable municipal- centre, testing ground and showcase for green solutions ity through initiatives which affect buildings and physical and technologies. The underlying mindset is that climate structures as well as citizens’ behavoiur. Aarhus will put change and the policies addressing it need not limit the its own house in order, go through with demonstration city’s growth. On the other hand, they offer new business projects and influence national legislation.” opportunities and growth prospects. Through a number of policies and initiatives, the city is trying to establish a fa- vourable framework for green growth and green industries. Wind power is a top priority. Not just as a vital part of a switch to renewable energy sources, but also as a driving A large part of our energy consump- force in green business development. tion must be covered by wind. It is ”We want to be a green city, and a large part of our energy consumption must be covered by wind. It is an energy an energy source that we are already source that we are already familiar with, we have a a strong familiar with, we have a a strong industrial foundation here, and we expect that it can bring industrial foundation here, and we us a sizeable step closer to carbon neutrality. Regarding expect that it can bring us a sizeable our desire to be a ‘demonstratorium’ of new green solu- step closer to carbon neutrality. tions, wind power will also play a special role. We wish to be a solid testing ground for wind technologies,” says cli- Jan Nielsen, Climate Director, City of Aarhus mate director at the City of Aarhus, Jan Nielsen.

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 49 A number of initiatives will help pushing the city in a green direction. New environmental technology, green Binding Commitments business support, a doubling of the woodland area, and In recent years, Aarhus has signed several agreements sustainable buildings are some of the key goals. From 2009 committing it to significant carbon emissions reduction. to 2012, almost 7 million euro from the council budget Covenant of Mayors: When it really counts. Along with 500 other European cit- has been earmarked for the first steps in the process. The ies, Aarhus has signed an agreement to go beyond the policies that will sustain the strategies, plans, and partner- EU goal of reducing energy consumption by 20 percent ships required to meet the goal, enjoy substantial political by 2020. backing. Climate Council: Aarhus has a binding agreement with Wind force: 11-12 “Our climate visions and climate goals are now right at The Danish Society for Nature Conservation to adhere to the top of the political agenda. We have used the last cou- annual reductions of 2 percent or more until 2030. Wave height: 14 m rising ple of years to develop a realistic, long-term green strategy which will ensure that we reach our goals. It has broad The “Trend-Breaker” Agreement. In a deal with Elspare- fonden, Aarhus has committed to reducing the combined political support from the city council,” says Jan Nielsen. annual electricity consumption in public buildings by two Humidity: 97% He points to five crucial conditions for meeting the 2030 goal: percent per year. Controller: >99,96% availability • FRAMEWORK The city facilitates and enables green projects by making renewable energy investments attractive. Policies that wil ensure green development of the city and its Green Plans businesses enjoy strong political backing. Aarhus’ most powerful weapon in its local battle against climate change is knowledge. To make an entire city car- • INVOLVEMENT bon neutral requires precise mapping of its energy pro- There is equally broad recognition that political deci- duction, consumption and supply chain: sions alone will not do the trick. Success will depend on “If you want to cut a city’s emissions in an effective and the shared efforts of all stakeholders. To make Aarhus a economically viable way, it is crucial to know its energy sustainable city will require cooperation from the busi- consumption of the public sector, private businesses, and ness world, educational institutions, and citizens. individual households in detail. We have spent the last couple of years analyzing this. Now, we know what needs • COMMITMENT to be done, and the next years will be about implement- The city has made a binding commitment to reduce ing specific measures and initiatives to reduce energy CO2-consumption significantly over the coming years consumption and increase the proportion of renewable by abiding by national and international agreements. energy,” says Jan Nielsen. See text box. “Our vague ideas of which initiatives and strategies might work have been superseded by accurate knowledge • FOCUS of which measures will in fact be effective in our particu- The city should fortify its position where it is already lar region.” strong. The main focus points are energy efficient tech- This knowledge is the starting point for the city’s nology, wind power, biomass, and thermal heating. climate plan – a comprehensive catalogue of green initiatives and projects initiated by the City Council or ex- • INNOVATION pected to commence within the next couple of years. It The City will improve the framework for research and revolves around to two key areas. development within clean technology and energy production. Projects on new technologies is a top priority. • THE TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION to renewable sources. The use of sustainable energy As yet, the city’s carbon emissions reduction has been – windpower in particular – will be extended. A new limited. The latest research shows that emissions have energy infrastructure will support the switch to sus- only decreased by one percent between 2007-2009. But tainable energy. There are political targets of increas- according to Jan Nielsen, considerable reductions are ing energy production from wind and biomass, and just around the corner. “The first green initiatives are just financial support for green business development and being completed, and a lot more will be implemented in green research has already been granted. the near future. We are well on the way to seeing the first major reductions in carbon emissions, even though there • THE REDUCTION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION of is still a long way to go before we can call ourselves a sus- households, companies, and the public sector. The tainable city.” focus lies mainly on electricity, heating, and traffic, In recognition of the city’s green initiative, Aarhus which account for 94 percent of emissions. A broad was named an official Energy City by the Danish Minis- range of energy saving initiatives have been passed, try of Climate and Energy in 2009, along with five other including strict low energy requirements for local municipalities. planning, support for energy efficient construction, www.bachmann.info/nolimits

50 Mondaymorning

be_coldclimate_wind-200x266_EN.indd 1 09.09.2010 15:10:03 When it really counts.

Wind force: 11-12

Wave height: 14 m rising

Humidity: 97%

Controller: >99,96% availability

www.bachmann.info/nolimits

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 51

be_coldclimate_wind-200x266_EN.indd 1 09.09.2010 15:10:03 Monday Morning Share Innovation by Communication

Monday Morning Share is our innovation and communication platform on mm.dk. e platform is a place for organiza- tions, thought leaders, and key decision makers to gain knowledge about the greatest challenges of our time. e goal for all users on mm.dk is to join forces in creating new innovation and new solutions. On Monday Morning Share you will nd all analyses and articles published in Monday Morning Weekly over time. And it is of course updated every week. You will have the opportunity to comment and debate on every article and thereby share your thoughts and innovative ideas with other key decision makers.

Our readers about Monday Morning:

thinks that Monday Morning provides thorough analyses 95% that they cannot nd in other media.

thinks that Monday Morning is a front runner that oen 87% sets a new agenda in society .

percent has great use of the knowledge base on Monday 75% Morning Share.

Subscribe to Monday Morning Share today and get new ideas and inspiration for innovation. Subscribe on mm.dk or by sending an e-mail to [email protected]

Source: Monday Morning Reader Analysis June 2010

Innovation by Communication improvement of the energy infrastructure, and devel- Key Areas opment of an energy-neutral transport network. See text box. In order to meet the 2030 neutrality goal, the Aarhus Cli- mate Plan for 2010-2011 targets nine key areas of action.

At the same time, the city is pursuing a “matchmaking City Development: Increased demands on energy ef- Monday Morning Share strategy”, recruiting climate ambassadors and initiating ficient construction and the creation of carbon neutral climate partnerships, to forge alliances between residents, residential areas. politicians, researchers, and businessmen in the battle Building: Renovation of public buildings, construction of Innovation by Communication against climate change. low energy buildings, and thermographic mapping of heating leaks from all properties. Favouring Wind Power Aarhus’ high profile on climate is good news for the wind Electricity and Heat Supply: More sustainable energy, Monday Morning Share is our innovation and communication platform on mm.dk. e platform is a place for organiza- improved energy infrastructure, intelligent electricity net- industry. Wind energy is likely to become the prevailing work, and more energy efficient heating. tions, thought leaders, and key decision makers to gain knowledge about the greatest challenges of our time. e goal for energy source in future Aarhus. In a number of ways, the all users on mm.dk is to join forces in creating new innovation and new solutions. city council is determined to provide the political condi- Transport: Environmental-friendly vehicles; implement- ing electric cars and trains, promoting cycling. On Monday Morning Share you will nd all analyses and articles published in Monday Morning Weekly over time. And tions and resources necessary to turbocharge the development, innovation and utilisation of wind technology. A it is of course updated every week. You will have the opportunity to comment and debate on every article and thereby Supporting Business: Create attractive conditions for number of initiatives in the climate strategy will, more or clean-tech companies by building knowledge environ- share your thoughts and innovative ideas with other key decision makers. less directly, benefit the wind turbine industry. ments in the fields of climate and energy. Guidance and assistance on carbon reduction for companies. • MORE WIND TURBINES: The Anholt Off-shore Wind Open Air: More green areas and natural resorts. Affores- Farm, due to function from August 2012, will be the tation. Our readers about Monday Morning: largest wind turbine park in Denmark, with a combined capacity of 400 megawatts, equalling 4 percent Adapting to Climate Change: Advances in adapting to of Denmark’s energy consumption – or approximate- climate change, including safety concerns. ly 400.000 households. It will also act as a leading Public Purchasing: Climate-friendly purchasing, favouring thinks that Monday Morning provides thorough analyses test centre for wind turbines. Another park at Mejl suppliers with “climate qualifications”. Flak, 8 kilometres off-shore from Aarhus, has been that they cannot nd in other media. projected, and initial environmental asessments Communication and Campaigning: Establishing dia- have been carried through. Proper legal and techni- logue and participation among citizens, businesses, and 95% institutions through the council’s web portal 2030.dk, cal processing has not yet commenced, but the scale networks, and campaign activities. of the current plans is 20 turbines of 4-6 megawatts each, supplying 100,000 households with electricity.

• INTELLIGENT ELECTRICITY NETWORK: The city sup- ports the development and establishment of an intelli- Despite the fact that wind energy has become an estab- thinks that Monday Morning is a front runner that oen gent electricity infrastructure which can sustain wind lished and growing business, the constant need for re- sets a new agenda in society . energy as the prevailing source. search, innovation, and new business models persists. 87% Wind technology must be improved and refined to meet • KNOWLEDGE HUB: The council is determined to future demands and standards. Aarhus has an ardent maintain and improve the local skills and knowledge wish to play a major role in this process, striving to be- base that the wind industry needs to evolve. The new come a leading laboratory for the development of green Navitas Park – an innovation and research centre for technologies. energy and energy technology – is just one example of the city encouraging and funding partnerships be- percent has great use of the knowledge base on Monday tween research and industry. See page 42 Morning Share. 75% • REGIONAL BRANDING: A support network, “Interna- tional Community”, has been established in order to ensure the best possible environment for international employees, specialists and executives from around the Subscribe to Monday Morning Share today and get new ideas and inspiration for innovation. world. Among its backers are Vestas, Aarhus Univer- Subscribe on mm.dk or by sending an e-mail to [email protected] sity, and the City of Aarhus.

Source: Monday Morning Reader Analysis June 2010

Innovation by Communication Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 53 COWI Wind The Complete Service Package

Advertiser’s Guide

LAC engineering 2 Millwatcher 4 Schaeffler 13 Cargo Service 15 Aalborg Universitet 21 IHA – Ingeniørhøjskolen i Århus 24-25 Bangui Bay, Philippines. Århus Havn 29 Sauer Roldskov 35 In Aarhus... and the rest of the world! Suzlon Energy 39 Niras 45 COWI has promoted wind energy for more than 30 years. We offer One of our early projects was the MidtVind 47 The Complete Service Package within wind - onshore as well as detailed design of Ebeltoft Pier Bachmann 51 project from 1985 - a signature offshore - and although we began our work in Denmark, we have project at the time. Today, we use COWI 55 to this day participated in the development of more than 400 wind our experience when we design off- Vestas 56 shore foundations for the world’s power projects in more than 50 countries around the world. largest offshore wind park, London Array, or when we establish the standard for how to make state of With 6000 employees located at 40 subsidiaries around the world, the art wind studies in China. COWI makes the international wind business local. In the largest

Monday Morning: wind markets, like e.g. North America and China, we also have Editor in chief: Erik Rasmussen. dedicated wind experts. Editorial team: Bjarke Wiegand, Rasmus Bebe, Anna Eriksen Fenger, Kalle Jørgensen. Graphic design: Anne Sofie Bendtson, Marie Brodersen, Peter Ørntoft. Advertising: Sidsel Bogh. Proofreading: Lise Nielsen. COWI A/S Tel.: +45 45 97 22 11 Printing: Rosendahls. Parallelvej 2 Fax: +45 45 97 22 12 978-87-90275-17-4 DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby E-mail: [email protected] Denmark www.cowi.com www.cowi.com/wind

COWIwindAnnMandagMorgenAarhusKommune_Sep2010.indd 1 10-09-2010 17:50:13 COWI Wind The Complete Service Package

Bangui Bay, Philippines. In Aarhus... and the rest of the world!

COWI has promoted wind energy for more than 30 years. We offer One of our early projects was the The Complete Service Package within wind - onshore as well as detailed design of Ebeltoft Pier project from 1985 - a signature offshore - and although we began our work in Denmark, we have project at the time. Today, we use to this day participated in the development of more than 400 wind our experience when we design offshore foundations for the world’s power projects in more than 50 countries around the world. largest offshore wind park, London Array, or when we establish the standard for how to make state of With 6000 employees located at 40 subsidiaries around the world, the art wind studies in China. COWI makes the international wind business local. In the largest wind markets, like e.g. North America and China, we also have dedicated wind experts.

COWI A/S Tel.: +45 45 97 22 11 Parallelvej 2 Fax: +45 45 97 22 12 DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby E-mail: [email protected] Denmark www.cowi.com www.cowi.com/wind

Aarhus – Capital of Wind Energy 55

COWIwindAnnMandagMorgenAarhusKommune_Sep2010.indd 1 10-09-2010 17:50:13 Dear World our new wind turbine is for all 6,867,294,312* of you.

Wind means the world to us. For 30 years it has been our mission to grow wind energy to meet more of the world’s electricity needs. From supplying just 2% today, we aim for the wind industry to supply 10% by 2020. For that to happen we have been working with our partners, clean energy groups and policy-makers investing billions in the development of ever more efficient turbines to make wind energy the most attractive energy to power suppliers. Our latest wind turbine, the new V112-3.0 MW, represents the ultimate innovation. The radical blade design is so efficient, it operates productively at low wind speeds, lowering the cost of the energy produced and even expanding the number of sites where wind energy can now be harnessed. The unique features of the V112 mean more wind energy can be produced in more varied environments by more countries. It means more of the world’s energy needs can be met by a clean, renewable and affordable energy source that won’t endanger our planet’s future. Our new V112 wind turbine is for all of you. For more on how our relentless commitment to wind energy can help our world, visit vestas.com/OurWorld

* Source: United56 Nations Monday Populationmorning Division. Aug 2010

53943_029Vestas_MandagM.indd Pg1 Mundocom UK 09/09/2010 17:42