Grasses Ornamental

Ornamental Grasses Helen Hamilton January 7, 2013 For Gloucester Master Gardeners My front yard in summer •Tall Prairie Grasses •Grass ID •Grasses for Wetlands •“Weeds” •Popular Ornamental Grasses •Others My front yard in fall Meadow Grasses •Switchgrass* •Little Bluestem* •Big Bluestem* •Splitbeard Bluestem •Indian Grass* •Virginia Ryegrass *grasses of the Tallgrass Prairie (1) Switchgrass Panicum virgatum o Major grass of tall grass prairie o Tall, erect, rhizomatous o Open woods, brackish marshes, pastures o Soil stabilization o Wildlife - food, nesting, cover Switchgrass planted in highway median Rt. 50/Rt . 611, Ocean City, MD Switchgrass in winter ‘Dallis Blue’ ‘Shenandoah’ (2) Little Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium (3) Big Bluestem “Bluejoint Turkeyfoot” Andropogon gerardii (4) Splitbeard Bluestem Andropogon ternarius (5) Virginia Wild Rye Elymus virginicus (6) Indian Grass Sorghastrum nutans How To Identify Grasses And Grass-like Plants GRASSES HAVE JOINTS •Culms (stems) are round and hollow •Leaves have overlapping sheaths •Floret is one flower – 3 stamens, 1 pistil •Flower includes a lemma and a palea •Arranged in a spikelet with glumes at the base Grasses for Wet Areas •Sugarcane Plumegrass •Cordgrass •Gamagrass •Wild Rice (7) Sugarcane Plumegrass Saccharum giganteum (8-10) Cordgrasses Spartina spp. (10) S. patens (9) S. cynosuroides (8) S. alterniflora (11) Gamagrass Tripsacum dactyloides (12) Wild Rice Zizania aquatica Ornamental Grasses •River Oats •Purple Lovegrass •Blue Fescue •Purple Muhly •Ponytail Grass (13) River Oats Chasmanthium latifolium (14) Purple Lovegrass Eragrostis spectabilis Lovegrass = Tumbleweeds! (15) Blue Fescue Festuca glauca (central & southern Europe) www.plants.usda.gov (16) Purple Muhly Muhlenbergia capillaris Portsmouth Island, North Carolina http://vaplantatlas.org Williamsburg Garden Nov Elizabethan Gardens, Manteo, North Carolina Feb (17) Ponytail Grass Mexican Feathergrass Stipa tenuissima Roadside “weeds” •Sweet Vernal Grass •Orchard Grass •Dallis Grass •Purpletop (18) Sweet Vernal Grass Anthoxanthum odoratum (southern Europe) (19) Orchard Grass Dactylis glomerata (Eurasia and Africa) (20) Dallis Grass Paspalum dilatatum (Brazil, Argentina) (21) Purpletop Tridens flavus Grasses for Winter Interest Switchgrass Purple Muhly River Oats Others •Sedges •Soft Rush •Path Rush •Woolgrass Sedges Have Edges Culms (stems) are usually 3-sided Leaves are usually 3-ranked Each flower of a spikelet is in the axil of a single bract, the glume (22) Carex spp. Sedges Rushes Are Round Culms (stems) round, unbranched Leaves are few, wiry and round in cross-section Flowers terminal (23) Soft Rush Juncus effusus (24) Path Rush Juncus tenuis (25) Woolgrass Scirpus cyperinus (Bulrushes) (26) Asian Stiltgrass Microstegium vimineum Non-native (Asia 1919) (27) Golden Bamboo Phyllostachys aurea Non-native (China) (28) Common Reed Phragmites australis Non-native (everywhere!) 3 - Woolgrass 1 - Splitbeard Bluestem 2 - Purple Top Grass 3 1 2 5 -Ponytail Grass 5 4-Umbrella Sedge 4 6 – Purple Lovegrass 6 7 – Dallis Grass 7 9 – River Oats 8 - Switchgrass 8 9 Coming soon! “Wildflowers and Grasses of Virginia’s Coastal Plain” Helen Hamilton and Gustavus Hall John Clayton Chapter Virginia Native Plant Society www.claytonvnps.org.

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Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.)
/4 ^'^ SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) ORIGIN CLASSIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS, AND DESCRIPTIONS OF REPRESENTATIVE CLONES ■ u AGRICULTURE HANDBOOK NO. 122 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) ORIGIN CLASSIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF REPRESENTATIVE CLONES By Ernst Artschwager Formerly Senior Botanist and E. W. Brandes Formerly Head Pathologist Crops Research Division Agricultural Research Service AGRICULTURE HANDBOOK No. 122 The garden sugarcanes of Melanesia constitute the original base from which our present-day varieties of sugarcane derive. Varietal descriptions of the Melanesian garden canes and their derivatives are drawn from a living collection and are here placed on record. As background material and to promote fullest interest in use of this extensive store of germ plasm, what is known or what logically may be in- ferred concerning the history, value, and use of these varieties as a group and their interrelationships with other varietal groups in the genus is given. CONTENTS Page Page Origin, classification, and charac- Vegetative characters used in the teristics 1 description and classification Importance of Saccharum offici- of noble canes—Continued narum 3 Vegetative characters—Con. Colloquial names 3 Blade 56 Relative position of Saccharum Leaf sheath 57 officinarum in the genus 7 Auricles 59 Geographic origin and dispersal. 18 Ligule 61 Origin 18 Dewlaps 61 Dispersal 21 Midrib pubescence 64 Collecting expeditions, 1853- Evaluation of characters used_- 65 1951 28 Descriptions and taxonomic keys Vegetative characters used in the of the clones 81 description and classification Descriptions of the clones 83 of noble canes 45 New Guinea group 83 Materials and methods 45 New Caledonian group 160 Vegetative characters 48 Hawaiian group 180 v Internode 48 Miscellaneous noble group 198 Bud 52 Taxonomic keys 253 Leaf 56 Literature cited 260 Washington, D.
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Notes on Grasses (Poaceae) in Hawai‘I: 2
Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2009 –2010. Edited by Neal L. Evenhuis & Lucius G. Eldredge. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 110: 17 –22 (2011) Notes on grasses (Poaceae ) in Hawai‘i : 31. neil snoW (Hawaii Biological survey, Bishop museum, 1525 Bernice street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, 96817-2704, Usa; email: [email protected] ) & G errit DaViDse (missouri Botanical Garden, P.o. Box 299, st. louis, missouri 63166-0299, Usa; email: [email protected] ) additional new records for the grass family (Poaceae) are reported for Hawai‘i, including five state records, three island records, one corrected island report, and one cultivated species showing signs of naturalization. We also point out minor oversights in need of cor - rection in the Flora of North America Vol. 25 regarding an illustration of the spikelet for Paspalum unispicatum . Herbarium acronyms follow thiers (2010). all cited specimens are housed at the Herbarium Pacificum (BisH) apart from one cited from the missouri Botanical Garden (mo) for Paspalum mandiocanum, and another from the University of Hawai‘i at mānoa (HaW) for Leptochloa dubia . Anthoxanthum odoratum l. New island record this perennial species, which is known by the common name vernalgrass, occurs natu - rally in southern europe but has become widespread elsewhere (allred & Barkworth 2007). of potential concern in Hawai‘i is the aggressive weedy tendency the species has shown along the coast of British columbia, canada, where it is said to be rapidly invad - ing moss-covered bedrock of coastal bluffs, evidently to the exclusion of native species (allred & Barkworth 2007). the species has been recorded previously on kaua‘i, moloka‘i, maui, and Hawai‘i (imada 2008).
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FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1.
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European Dactylis and Festuca Databases
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United States Department of Agriculture NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE Forestry Technical Note No. MT-27 April 2006 FORESTRY TECHNICAL NOTE ______________________________________________________________________ Performance Evaluations of Herbaceous Vegetation on Disturbed Forestland in Southeastern Montana Robert Logar, State Staff Forester Larry Holzworth, Plant Material Specialist Summary Information for seeding herbaceous vegetation following forestland disturbance was identified as a conservation need in southeastern Montana. The herbaceous vegetation could be used to control soil erosion, stabilize disturbed sites, manage noxious weeds and provide forage. The Fulton Ranch field evaluation planting (FEP) was established in November 1995 on a disturbed forestland site in southeastern Montana to study the adaptation, performance and use of various grass species. The site, a Ponderosa pine/Idaho fescue habitat-type, had received a light to moderate burn from a wildfire that occurred in August 1994 and was logged the following spring. Nineteen evaluation plots were established to test seventeen different accessions of grasses; two control (unseeded) plots were established. Each plot was one-quarter of an acre in size. Seeded species included ‘Sherman’ big bluegrass, ‘Latar’ orchardgrass, ‘Paiute’ orchardgrass, ‘Manska’ pubescent wheatgrass, ‘Oahe’ intermediate wheatgrass, ‘Rush’ intermediate wheatgrass, ‘Dacotah’ switchgrass, ‘Forestberg’ switchgrass, 9005308 mountain brome, ‘Regar’ meadow brome, ‘Redondo’ Arizona fescue, ‘Whitmar’ beardless wheatgrass, ‘Goldar’ bluebunch wheatgrass, M-1 Nevada bluegrass, ‘Killdeer’ sideoats grama, ‘Pierre’ sideoats grama, and ‘Pryor’ slender wheatgrass. An evaluation of several species for seeding road systems was also conducted as part of this FEP. Road surface, cut and fill slopes were seeded with ‘Luna’ pubescent wheatgrass, ‘Covar’ sheep fescue, ‘Durar’ hard fescue, ‘Critana’ thickspike wheatgrass, ‘Sodar’ streambank wheatgrass, and ‘Rosana’ western wheatgrass.
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Pest Risk Analysis for Microstegium Vimineum
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The Results of Breeding Perennial Grasses: the Evaluation of Developed Dactylis Glomerata Hybrids
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Saccharum Ravennae (L.) L
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On the Origin of Tetraploid Vernal Grasses (Anthoxanthum) in Europe
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