DOCSLIB.ORG

Action Selection in Cooperative Robot Soccer Using Case-Based Reasoning

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Action Selection in Cooperative Robot Soccer Using Case-Based Reasoning Action Selection in Cooperative Robot Soccer using Case-Based Reasoning Tesi Doctoral Autora Raquel Ros Espinoza Director Ramon L´opez de M`antaras Tutor Josep Puyol Gruart Programa de Doctorat en Inform`atica Departament de Ci`encies de la Computaci´o Universitat Aut`onoma de Barcelona Realitzada a Institut d’Investigaci´oen Intel.lig`encia Artificial Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient´ıficas Bellaterra, Febrer del 2008. al Pepe y a la Mazo iv Acknowledgments Como se suele hacer en estos casos, tendr´ıa que comenzar agradeciendo a mi director de tesis, a Ramon. Y de hecho, lo har´e. Pero no solo por haberme guiado y dado consejo en mi investigaci´on durante estos ´ultimos cuatro a˜nos, sino tambi´en por consentirme y permitirme el cambio de tema tesis el d´ıa que se lo propuse, lo cual adem´as supon´ıa la adquisici´on de nuevos robots. Todo hay que decirlo, y para suerte m´ıa, a ´el tambi´en le hac´ıan gracia estos juguetes, y no fue dif´ıcil convencerlo de este cambio, que finalmente se presenta hoy en esta tesis. Junto a ´el, y aunque a efectos burocr´aticos no figura formalmente, Josep Llu´ıs ha sido mi segundo director. Sin duda alguna las discusiones y reuniones con ´el han sido de gran utilidad a la hora de desarrollar esta tesis, y es por ello que parte de este trabajo se lo debo a ´el. Continuar´eagradeciendo el apoyo de otro “jefe”, aunque un poco m´as lejano a la tesis, que me abri´olas puertas del instituto cuando yo empezaba a descubrir el ´area de la inteligencia artificial. Carles, mi primer director en el mundo de la investigaci´on, con quien tengo garantizado pasar buenos momentos charlando, riendo... y comiendo en la mas´ıa! I sincerely thank Manuela Veloso, without whom this thesis wouldn’t have even begun. She not only accepted to work with me proposing new investi- gation trends in my career, but always enthusiastically received me in her lab in several occasions giving me the oppotunity of living new experiencies out of the IIIA. Also thanks to the CMDash team, specially Sonia, Doug and Colin, with whom I’m happy to say that besides sharing research interests, we also share a close friendship. And before flying back to Spain to continue with the acknowledgments, I would like to thank Cindy Marling, for reviewing this dissertation, as well as for her helpful comments and suggestions. Agradezco a la gente del IIIA en general, por los buenos momentos com- partidos a la hora del caf´e, las comidas, los viajes y congresos. Especialmente a amigos m´as cercanos, Eva, Maarten, Dani y Jordi, quienes me han ayudado de una manera u otra y gracias a quienes incluso los d´ıas m´as duros han sido m´as f´aciles de superar. A mis amigos de la uni, Enric, Miquel y Pep, a “les nenes”, Cris, Meri i Glor, a mi familia, Saray, D´ıdac (petit), Beto y Asun, y a todos los amigos que a pesar de no entender muy bien mi trabajo, han estado apoy´andome en todo momento e intentando comprender lo que hago con unos perritos futboleros! Evidentemente dejo al final a los “m´as importantes”! A D´ıdac, por acom- pa˜narme desde el primer d´ıa (nunca mejor dicho!) en este proyecto, no s´olo a nivel profesional discutiendo ideas, programando y escribiendo papers, pero sobretodo apoy´andome a nivel personal, en los buenos momentos y en los de v vi frustraci´on, siempre con optimismo y confiando en mi capacidad para salir adelante. Finalmente, a los protagonistas de esta tesis, a mis robots: Nata, Boira, Fang y Terra, sin quienes, definitivamente, esta tesis no hubiera podido ser completada! Raquel Ros holds a scholarship from the Generalitat de Catalunya Govern- ment. This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Educa- tion and Science project MID-CBR (TIN2006-15140-C03-01) and by the Gener- alitat de Catalunya under the grant 2005-SGR-00093. Abstract Designing the decision-making engine of a team of robots is a challenging task, not only due to the complexity of the environment where the robots usually perform their task, which include uncertainty, dynamism and imprecision, but also because the coordination of the team must be included in this design. The robots must be aware of other robots’ actions to cooperate and to successfully achieve their common goal. Besides, decisions must be made in real-time and with limited computational resources. This thesis contributes a novel case-based approach for action selection and coordination in joint multi-robot tasks in real environments. This approach has been applied and evaluated in the representative domain of robot soccer, although the ideas presented are applicable to domains such as disaster rescue operations, exploration of unknown environments and underwater surveil- lance, among others. The retrieval process proposes a case to reuse, evaluating the candidate cases through different measures to overcome the real world characteristics, including the adversarial component which is a key ingredient in the robot soccer domain. Unlike classical case-based reasoning engines, the case reuse consists in the execution of a set of actions through a team of robots. There- fore, from the multi-robot perspective, the system has to include a mechanism for deciding who does what and how. In this thesis, we propose a multi-robot architecture along with a coordination mechanism to address these issues. We have validated the approach experimentally both in a simulated envi- ronment and with real robots. The results showed that our approach achieves the expected goals of the thesis, i.e. designing the behavior of a cooperative team of robots. Moreover, the experimentation also showed the advantages of using collaborative strategies in contrast to individualistic ones, where the adversarial component plays an important role. vii viii Contents Contents ix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 MotivationandOverview . 3 1.2 ProblemDomain ........................... 7 1.3 Contributions ............................. 10 1.4 Publications .............................. 11 1.5 OutlineoftheThesis ......................... 11 2 CBRPreliminariesandRelatedWork 13 2.1 CaseBasedReasoning . .... .... .... ... .... .... 13 2.2 CBRAppliedtoRoboCup . 16 2.2.1 Karoletal............................ 16 2.2.2 Lin,ChenandLiu ...................... 16 2.2.3 BergerandL¨ammel. 17 2.2.4 Wendleret.al ......................... 17 2.2.5 Marlingetal. ......................... 18 2.2.6 Ahmadietal. ......................... 19 2.2.7 Steffens............................. 19 2.3 OtherModelsAppliedtoRoboCup. 20 2.3.1 Learning from Observation or Imitation . 20 2.3.2 ReinforcementLearning . 20 2.3.3 PatternRecognition . 22 2.3.4 FuzzyTheory ......................... 22 2.3.5 Planning............................ 23 2.3.6 NeuralNetworks .... .... .... ... .... .... 24 2.3.7 EvolutionaryAlgorithms . 25 2.3.8 OtherApproaches ... .... .... ... .... .... 26 2.4 CBR Applied to Other Robotic-Related Domains . 27 2.5 Summary................................ 29 3 The Retrieval Step 33 3.1 CaseDefinition ............................ 33 3.1.1 ProblemDescription . 33 3.1.2 SolutionDescription . 35 3.1.3 CaseScopeRepresentation . 37 3.1.4 CaseExample......................... 38 3.2 CaseBaseDescription . .... .... .... ... .... .... 39 ix x CONTENTS 3.3 CaseRetrieval ............................. 41 3.3.1 SimilarityMeasure . 41 3.3.2 CostMeasure ......................... 44 3.3.3 CaseApplicabilityMeasure . 47 3.3.4 CaseFiltering ......................... 50 3.3.5 Experiments.......................... 53 3.4 ConclusionsandFutureWork . 59 4 CaseReusethroughaMulti-RobotSystem 61 4.1 RobotArchitecture .......................... 61 4.1.1 DeliberativeSystem . 63 4.1.2 ExecutiveSystem... ... .... .... .... ... .. 64 4.2 Multi-RobotSystemandCaseReuse . 65 4.3 ConclusionsandFutureWork . 69 5 Learning the Scopes of Cases 71 5.1 ScopeAdaptationAlgorithm . 72 5.1.1 WhentoAdjusttheValues . 73 5.1.2 HowtoAdjusttheValues . 74 5.1.3 Example ............................ 76 5.2 AcquiringNewCases. .... ... .... .... .... ... .. 78 5.3 Experiments .............................. 78 5.3.1 SimulationExperiments . 78 5.3.2 RealWorldExperiments . 83 5.4 ConclusionsandFutureWork . 88 6 Experimentation 89 6.1 CBRSystemSettings ......................... 90 6.2 ExperimentsSetup .......................... 95 6.2.1 Robot’sBehaviors. 95 6.2.2 TheScenarios ......................... 96 6.2.3 EvaluationMeasures. 98 6.3 SimulationExperiments . 98 6.3.1 TheSimulator......................... 98 6.3.2 SimulationResults . 99 6.4 RealRobotExperiments . 104 6.4.1 TheRobots........................... 104 6.4.2 Results............................. 106 6.5 ATrialExample............................ 112 6.6 DiscussionandFutureWork. 124 7 Conclusions and Future Work 127 7.1 SummaryoftheContributions . 127 7.2 FutureDirections ... .... ... .... .... .... ... .. 129 Bibliography 133 List of Figures 1.1 Snapshot of the Four-Legged League field . 8 2.1 TheCase-BasedReasoningcycle . 15 3.1 Exampleofaproblemdescription . 35 3.2 Exampleofthescopeofacase. 37 3.3 Exampleofacase ........................... 39 3.4 Exampleofsymmetriccases . 40 3.5 2DGaussianfunction.. .... .... .... ... .... .... 42 3.6 Strategy function combining time and score difference . ..... 43 3.7 Adaptedpositionsexample . 45 3.8 Trapezoidlayoutoftwomatchingpairs . 46 3.9 Correspondenceexamples.. 47 3.10 Ball’strajectoryrepresentation . .. 49 3.11 Example of the ball’s path and the opponents similarity compu- tation.................................. 50 3.12 Sortingexperimentationscenarios . 54 3.13 Trialssortedbyfrequencyofcasesretrieved . ...
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Humanoid Teensize Open Platform Nimbro-OP
    Proceedings of 17th RoboCup International Symposium, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 2013 Humanoid TeenSize Open Platform NimbRo-OP Max Schwarz, Julio Pastrana, Philipp Allgeuer, Michael Schreiber, Sebastian Schueller, Marcell Missura and Sven Behnke Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Computer Science, Univ. of Bonn, Germany fschwarzm, schuell1, [email protected] fpastrana, allgeuer, schreiber, [email protected] http://ais.uni-bonn.de/nimbro/OP Abstract. In recent years, the introduction of affordable platforms in the KidSize class of the Humanoid League has had a positive impact on the performance of soccer robots. The lack of readily available larger robots, however, severely affects the number of participants in Teen- and AdultSize and consequently the progress of research that focuses on the challenges arising with robots of larger weight and size. This paper presents the first hardware release of a low cost Humanoid TeenSize open platform for research, the first software release, and the current state of ROS-based software development. The NimbRo-OP robot was designed to be easily manufactured, assembled, repaired, and modified. It is equipped with a wide-angle camera, ample computing power, and enough torque to enable full-body motions, such as dynamic bipedal locomotion, kicking, and getting up. 1 Introduction Low-cost and easy to maintain standardized hardware platforms, such as the DARwIn-OP [1], have had a positive impact on the performance of teams in the KidSize class of the RoboCup Humanoid League. They lower the barrier for new teams to enter the league and make maintaining a soccer team with the required number of players easier. Out-of-the-box capabilities like walking and kicking allow the research groups to focus on higher-level perceptual or behavioral skills, which increases the quality of the games and, hence, the attractiveness of RoboCup for visitors and media.
    [Show full text]
  • Brains, Minds, and Computers in Literary and Science Fiction Neuronarratives
    BRAINS, MINDS, AND COMPUTERS IN LITERARY AND SCIENCE FICTION NEURONARRATIVES A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. by Jason W. Ellis August 2012 Dissertation written by Jason W. Ellis B.S., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006 M.A., University of Liverpool, 2007 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2012 Approved by Donald M. Hassler Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Tammy Clewell Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Kevin Floyd Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Eric M. Mintz Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Arvind Bansal Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Accepted by Robert W. Trogdon Chair, Department of English John R.D. Stalvey Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................ iv Chapter 1: On Imagination, Science Fiction, and the Brain ........................................... 1 Chapter 2: A Cognitive Approach to Science Fiction .................................................. 13 Chapter 3: Isaac Asimov’s Robots as Cybernetic Models of the Human Brain ........... 48 Chapter 4: Philip K. Dick’s Reality Generator: the Human Brain ............................. 117 Chapter 5: William Gibson’s Cyberspace Exists within the Human Brain ................ 214 Chapter 6: Beyond Science Fiction: Metaphors as Future Prep ................................. 278 Works Cited ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Malachy Eaton Evolutionary Humanoid Robotics Springerbriefs in Intelligent Systems
    SPRINGER BRIEFS IN INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS, AND COGNITIVE ROBOTICS Malachy Eaton Evolutionary Humanoid Robotics SpringerBriefs in Intelligent Systems Artificial Intelligence, Multiagent Systems, and Cognitive Robotics Series editors Gerhard Weiss, Maastricht, The Netherlands Karl Tuyls, Liverpool, UK More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11845 Malachy Eaton Evolutionary Humanoid Robotics 123 Malachy Eaton Department of Computer Science and Information Systems University of Limerick Limerick Ireland ISSN 2196-548X ISSN 2196-5498 (electronic) SpringerBriefs in Intelligent Systems ISBN 978-3-662-44598-3 ISBN 978-3-662-44599-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-44599-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2014959413 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © The Author(s) 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
    [Show full text]
  • A' U/Kybe ..Rtter SGIWJ-Lo/2'
    SON 0 F THE WSFA JOURNAL WSFA JOURNAL News Supplement August, 1970 (Issue tFLOJ In This Issue — IN THIS ISSUE; IN BRIEF (misc. newsnotes) ................................................ Pg 1 THE BOOKSHELF: New Releases (Ace; Belmont, Berkley, Doubleday S.F. Book Club, Donald M. Grant) •.................................... .......................... Pg 2 MAGAZINARAMA: Contents of Recent Prozines (AMAZING 11/70; ANALOG 9/70. 10/70: FANTASTIC 10/?0; GALAX! 8-9/70; FiSF 9/70, 10/70; MAGAZINE OF . HORROR Fall/70; VISION OF TOMORROW 6/70, 7/70) ......................................... pp THE STEADY STREAM.__ : Books & Fanzines recently received ............... ...... pp 5-8 . THE CLUB CIRCUIT: News & Minutes (ESFA, "WSFA, OSFA, NFFF) ..................... pp 8-10 . THE CON GAME — October, 1970 .......................................................................... .. pg 10 3COLOPHON ...... ....................................................... ............................................ .......... pg 10 In Brief — . ... , , . As we stated lastish, thish would probably be late, which it is — although.daned "August", it is not coining out until the beginning of Sept. Nextish.whould ba out in about two weeks, bringing .us back to our monthly schedule. Note also that TWJ #72 will be out 'later this month, -after which we'll be back to bi-monthly issues. Heicon Hugo Winners: Best Novel: Left Hand of Darkness, by Ursula LeGuin; Rest Novella: "Ship of Shadows", by Fritz Leiber; Best Short Story: "Time Considered as a Helix of Semi-Precious Stones", by Samuel Delany; Best Dramatic Production: TV coverage of Apollo 11; Best Professional Magazine: FANTASY SCIENCE FICTION; Best Professional Artist: Kelly Freas;' Best Amateur Magazine: SF REVIEW (Geis).; Best Fan-Writer: Bob Tucker; Best Fan Artist: Tim Kirk. Other Heicon Awards: First Fandom Award: Virgil Finlay; Big Heart Award: Herbert Hausler of E.Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Omnidirectional Walking and Active Balance for Soccer Humanoid Robot
    Omnidirectional Walking and Active Balance for Soccer Humanoid Robot Nima Shafii1,2,3, Abbas Abdolmaleki1,2,4 , Rui Ferreira1, Nuno Lau1,4, Luis Paulo Reis2,5 1IEETA - Instituto de Engenharia Eletrónica e Telemática de Aveiro, Universidade de Aveiro 2LIACC - Laboratório de Inteligência Artificial e Ciência de Computadores, Universidade do Porto 3DEI/FEUP - Departamento de Engenharia Informática, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto 4DETI/UA - Departamento de Eletrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática, Universidade de Aveiro 5DSI/EEUM - Departamento de Sistemas de Informação, Escola de Engenharia da Universidade do Minho [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. Soccer Humanoid robots must be able to fulfill their tasks in a highly dynamic soccer field, which requires highly responsive and dynamic locomotion. It is very difficult to keep humanoids balance during walking. The position of the Zero Moment Point (ZMP) is widely used for dynamic stability measurement in biped locomotion. In this paper, we present an omnidirectional walk engine, which mainly consist of a Foot planner, a ZMP and Center of Mass (CoM) generator and an Active balance loop. The Foot planner, based on desire walk speed vector, generates future feet step positions that are then inputs to the ZMP generator. The cart-table model and preview controller are used to generate the CoM reference trajectory from the predefined ZMP trajectory. An active balance method is presented which keeps the robot's trunk upright when faced with environmental disturbances. We have tested the biped locomotion control approach on a simulated NAO robot.
    [Show full text]
  • Robot Deep Reinforcement Learning: Tensor State-Action Spaces and Auxiliary Task Learning with Multiple State Representations
    Robot Deep Reinforcement Learning: Tensor State-Action Spaces and Auxiliary Task Learning with Multiple State Representations Devin Schwab CMU-RI-TR-20-46 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Robotics The Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 August 19, 2020 Thesis Committee: Manuela Veloso, Chair Katerina Fragkiadaki David Held Martin Riedmiller, Google DeepMind Copyright © 2020 Devin Schwab Keywords: robotics, reinforcement learning, auxiliary task, multi-task learning, transfer learning, deep learning To my friends and family. Abstract A long standing goal of robotics research is to create algorithms that can au- tomatically learn complex control strategies from scratch. Part of the challenge of applying such algorithms to robots is the choice of representation. Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms have been successfully applied to many different robotic tasks such as the Ball-in-a-Cup task with a robot arm and various RoboCup robot soccer inspired domains. However, RL algorithms still suffer from issues of large training time and large amounts of required training data. Choosing appropriate rep- resentations for the state space, action space and policy can go a long way towards reducing the required training time and required training data. This thesis focuses on robot deep reinforcement learning. Specifically, how choices of representation for state spaces, action spaces, and policies can reduce training time and sample complexity for robot learning tasks. In particular the focus is on two main areas: 1. Transferrable Representations via Tensor State-Action Spaces 2. Auxiliary Task Learning with Multiple State Representations The first area explores methods for improving transfer of robot policies across environment changes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pennsylvania State University the Graduate School
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Communication Arts & Sciences LETTERS TO FALA: THE RHETORICAL CONSTRUCTION AND FUNCTION OF FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT’S DOG A Dissertation in Communication Arts & Sciences by Bryan Boyd Blankfield © 2014 Bryan Boyd Blankfield Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2014 ii The dissertation of Bryan Boyd Blankfield was reviewed and approved* by the following: Thomas W. Benson Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Rhetoric Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Stephen H. Browne Professor of Communication Arts & Sciences Jeremy Engels Associate Professor of Communication Arts & Sciences Director of Graduate Studies Debra Hawhee Professor of English and Communication Arts & Sciences *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT “Letters to Fala” is a historical and critical study of correspondence addressed to or about President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s Scottish terrier, Fala. This study focuses on Fala’s rhetorical construction and function, both by and for the White House, media, and citizens. The study is divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the significance of presidential pets and epistolary rhetoric. Chapter 2 examines the media coverage of Fala’s attempted ride to the 1941 Inauguration and the letters sent to the White House commenting on Fala’s actions that day. This chapter sets the foundation for the study by exploring the rhetorical nature of prosopopoeia often found in these letters. Chapter 3 explores how Fala was used to mobilize pet owners and animal lovers for the war effort. Chapter 4 describes how animal topoi were marshalled in the 1944 election following rumors that Fala had been left behind on an Aleutian isle.
    [Show full text]
  • Isaac Asimov
    I, Robot Isaac Asimov TO JOHN W. CAMPBELL, JR, who godfathered THE ROBOTS The story entitled Robbie was first published as Strange Playfellow in Super Science Stories. Copyright © 1940 by Fictioneers, Inc.; copyright © 1968 by Isaac Asimov. The following stories were originally published in Astounding Science Fiction: Reason, copyright © 1941 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc.; copyright © 1969 by Isaac Asimov. Liar! copyright © 1941 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc.; copyright © 1969 by Isaac Asimov. Runaround, copyright © 1942 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc.; copyright ©1970 by Isaac Asimov. Catch That Rabbit, copyright © 1944 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc. Escape, copyright © 1945 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc. Evidence, copyright © 1946 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc. Little Lost Robot, copyright © 1947 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc. The Evitable Conflict, copyright © 1950 by Street and Smith Publications, Inc. CONTENTS Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 2 Robbie................................................................................................................................................. 5 Runaround......................................................................................................................................... 20 Reason..............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER I Isaac Asimov
    UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN CARRERA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA "Isaac Asimov and the Golden Age of Science Fiction: A Study in Terms of his Contribution to the Genre” Trabajo de graduación previo a la obtención de un título de Licenciado en Ciencias de la Educación en Lengua y Literatura Inglesa AUTOR: ISMAEL ALEJANDRO OCHOA COBOS CI. 0106650153 DIRECTOR: FABIÁN DARÍO RODAS PACHECO CI. 0101867703 CUENCA-ECUADOR 2017 Universidad de Cuenca RESUMEN Este trabajo investigativo trata de la vida y la obra literaria de una persona extraordinaria: Isaac Asimov. Su vida fue la de un genio que aprendió a leer y escribir por sí mismo y que escribió su primer relato a la edad de once años. Su producción literaria abarca diversos campos del conocimiento: ciencia pura, religión, humanismo, ecología y, especialmente, el campo de la ciencia ficción. Este último, género literario al cual él contribuyó a darle la forma definitiva que tiene en la actualidad. Concomitantemente, entonces, esta investigación cubre la historia de la ciencia ficción como género literario, desde sus manifestaciones más tempranas hace miles de años, hasta las absorbentes producciones audiovisuales que cautivan la atención tanto de niños como adultos hoy en día. Por este motivo, los contenidos de esta tesis también incluyen una descripción, llena de abundantes ejemplos, sobre las características que este género ha adquirido en nuestros días. Entre los numerosos trabajos de Asimov que se encuentran ligados a la ciencia ficción, dos series de libros aparecen como los más importantes. Se trata de sus series Fundación y Robots.
    [Show full text]
  • Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi; Journal of the International Scientific Research
    IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi IBAD Journal of Social Sciences IBAD, 2020; (Özel Sayı): 171-179 DOI: 10.21733/ibad.798248 Özgün Araştırma / Original Article Asimov’un I, Robot Eserinde Teknofobi ve Robot Eylemselliği Dr. Kübra BAYSAL1* ÖZ Rus yazar ve bilim insanı Isaac Asimov tarafından 1950'de yazılan I, Robot, gelecekte, 2040'lı yıllarda, insanlar ve makineler arasındaki ilişkiler üzerinden bir arada örülmüş dokuz hikayeden oluşan bir koleksiyondur. Gazeteci olan kitabın anlatıcısı hikayeleri aktarırken, robopsikolog olan Dr. Susan Calvin, yeni teknoloji çağının başlangıcından beri U.S. Robots and Mechanical Men adlı şirkette karşılaştığı “robotik” olayları ona anlatmaktadır. Dr. Susan Calvin, şirketin iç 171 sistemini tasvir ederek robotiklerin doğası ve yasaları, zaman zaman yasaların nasıl ihlal edildiği veya tersine çevrildiği ve teknofobi nedeniyle insanlar tarafından robotlara karşı nasıl ayrımcılık yapıldığı hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Hikâyelerde yer alan robotların çoğu, temelinde insanları korumak için tasarlanmış olan mükemmel robotik sistemine aykırı bir şekilde özerklik, bilinç ve eylemsellik Geliş tarihi: 22.09.2020 kazanır. Böylece, bu çalışma, Asimov’un kitabındaki özellikle altı hikayede görülen Kabul tarihi: 18.10.2020 teknofobi ve eylemselliğin robotlar tarafından somutlaştırılması meselesini insan- sonrası (posthuman) kuramı yoluyla ve yazarın biyografisine değinerek incelemeyi Atıf bilgisi: amaçlamaktadır. Son olarak çalışma, posthümanizm perspektifinden kitabın bir IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi uyarlaması olarak I, Robot filmini ele alacaktır ki bu da teknofobi ve robot Sayı: Özel Sayı Sayfa: 171-179 eylemselliği konularının bir arada verilmesi gibi bu çalışmanın yenilikçi yönünü Yıl: 2020 yansıtmaktadır. This article was checked by iThenticate. Anahtar Kelimeler: robot eylemselliği, posthümanizm, teknofobi, Asimov. Similarity Index 2% Bu makalede araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur.
    [Show full text]
  • What Robots Teach Us About Being Human CC Alumni Reading Group Syllabus 2015-16
    What Robots Teach Us About Being Human CC Alumni Reading Group Syllabus 2015-16 Humans have always used the resources and tools around them to adapt their environment to themselves and enhance or improve their lives: from glasses to Google glass, brooms to roombas, and even increasingly to robots. Throughout the Twentieth century, popular media from theater, to books, and films have explored a range of potential consequences for our lives with futuristic technology including robots. For the most part, representations of robots in books and media are popular instances of express collective fears about machines taking over the realm of the human, our tools getting out of our control, and the potential benefits and dangers of the things we make. Today, robots of various kinds are widely used in factories and increasingly in our homes; most scientists in the field of robotics predict we will all have them in our houses within 20 years. Meanwhile scholars from a range of disciplines are thinking through the ethical, social, and even theological implications of this new technology, always with the doomsday scenario of fiction lingering in the background. Through engagement with science fiction in literature and film as well as emerging science non-fiction in contemporary robotics laboratories, this set of readings is designed to help you think together about the relationship between humans and humanoid machines. I designed this as a Freshman seven week research seminar which I know almost all of you are familiar with, at least in the deepest recesses of your memory. In these seminars students are able to stretch their wings a bit, examining a topic that interests them in greater depth using the close reading, critical thinking, and academic writings skills they have been honing all year to write a research paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Robotics – Science Fiction/Procedural Text Unit Length: 6 Weeks
    Robotics – Science Fiction/Procedural Text Unit Length: 6 Weeks Language Arts Unit Plan Teacher: Mrs. Bolus Grade: 9th Course: English I Unit 5: Robotics – Science Fiction/Procedural Text Unit LEARNING TARGETS PBL: LT5: Text Types and Purposes: Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. (CCSS.W9-10.2A) LT5: Text Types and Purposes: Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the topic. (CCSS.W9- 10.2D) LT11: Conventions of Standard English: Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. (CCSS.L9-10.1) Student-Led I, Robot Class Discussion: LT 9: Comprehension and Collaboration: Come to discussions prepared, having read and researched material under study; explicitly draw on that preparation by referring to evidence from texts and other research on the topic or issue to stimulate a thoughtful, well- reasoned exchange of ideas. (CCSS.SL9-10.1A) LT 10: Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas: Present information, findings, and supporting evidence clearly, concisely, and logically such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and task. (CCSS.SL9-10.4) Future of Robotics Epilogue Essay: LT 6: Production and Distribution of Writing: Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. (CCSS.W9-10.5) LT 8: Range of Writing: Write routinely over extended time frames (time for research, reflection, and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences.
    [Show full text]