4. Cradock Four Issued Notice of Motion And
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Cradock Four
Saif Pardawala 12/7/2012 TRC Cradock Four Amnesty Hearings Abstract: The Amnesty Hearing of the Truth and Reconciliation show the connection between the South African Apartheid state and the mysterious disappearances of four Cradock political activists. The testimonies of members of the security police highlight the lengths the apartheid state was willing to go to suppress opposition. The fall of Apartheid and the numerous examples of state mandated human rights abuses against its opponents raised a number of critical questions for South Africans at the time. Among the many issues to be addressed, was the need to create an institution for the restoration of the justice that had been denied to the many victims of apartheid’s crimes. Much like the numerous truth commissions established in Eastern Europe and Latin America after the formation of democracy in those regions, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was founded with the aims of establishing a restorative, rather than punitive justice. The goal of the TRC was not to prosecute and impose punishment on the perpetrators of the state’s suppression of its opposition, but rather to bring closure to the many victims and their families in the form of full disclosure of the truth. The amnesty hearings undertaken by the TRC represent these aims, by offering full amnesty to those who came forward and confessed their crimes. In the case of Johan van Zyl, Eric Taylor, Gerhardus Lotz, Nicholas van Rensburg, Harold Snyman and Hermanus du Plessis; the amnesty hearings offer more than just a testimony of their crimes. The amnesty hearings of the murderers of a group of anti-apartheid activists known as the Cradock Four show the extent of violence the apartheid state was willing to use on its own citizens to quiet any opposition and maintain its authority. -
DOWNLOAD the APP 94 95 Overview of Nelson Mandela Bay
AuthenticAuthentic ExperiencesExperiences addo river safaris addo full day tours addo half day tours Test-drive our technology! Our revamped AutoPavilion features: • A kids’ experiential zone with driving simulators, colouring-in stations, ttoouurr,, ssaaffaarrii && aaddvveennttuurree ssppeecciiaalliissttss interactive displays and more • The newest addition to our much-loved Beetle family, Foxy Lady Disco Queen • The only Volkswagen XL1 hybrid concept car in South Africa • Visit the gift shop and take home your addo eco quad biking beach safari’s, sandboarding sledding and ferry rides piece of our Volkswagen brand Opening hours: Weekdays 08h30 - 16h00 and every first Saturday of the month 10h00 - 13h00. Closed all other weekends and public holidays. Open for all ages…Beetle fans especially welcome! fresh & salt water fishing river conservation & hiking birdwatching & photography www.crisscrossadventures.co.za CrisscrossAddo [email protected] +27 (0)83 330 0480 Crisscross Adventures - Addo CrissCross_Adventures 3 CONTENTS HALLO FROM NELSON MANDELA BAY 8 - 15 Warm Welcome 8 NMBT’s Visitor Information Centre’s 9 Tribute to Nelson Mandela 10 Important Information 12 – 14 Practical Safety Tips 15 HISTORICAL ATTRACTIONS 16 - 23 Port Elizabeth 16 - 20 Despatch 21 Uitenhage 22 - 23 WONDERFUL WILDLIFe and NATURE 24 - 33 Game Viewing 4, 24 - 29 Adventure Activities 2, 30 – 31, 37 The Great Outdoors 32 - 33 BEACHES, WATERSPORT and SPORTS 34 - 43 Beautiful Beaches 34 - 35 Wind & Watersport 36 – 39, 95 Dolphin Capital 40 Sports Scene -
Objecting to Apartheid
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by South East Academic Libraries System (SEALS) OBJECTING TO APARTHEID: THE HISTORY OF THE END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN By DAVID JONES Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the subject HISTORY At the UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR GARY MINKLEY JANUARY 2013 I, David Jones, student number 200603420, hereby declare that I am fully aware of the University of Fort Hare’s policy on plagiarism and I have taken every precaution to comply with the regulations. Signature…………………………………………………………… Abstract This dissertation explores the history of the End Conscription Campaign (ECC) and evaluates its contribution to the struggle against apartheid. The ECC mobilised white opposition to apartheid by focussing on the role of the military in perpetuating white rule. By identifying conscription as the price paid by white South Africans for their continued political dominance, the ECC discovered a point of resistance within apartheid discourse around which white opposition could converge. The ECC challenged the discursive constructs of apartheid on many levels, going beyond mere criticism to the active modeling of alternatives. It played an important role in countering the intense propaganda to which all white South Africans were subject to ensure their loyalty, and in revealing the true nature of the conflict in the country. It articulated the dis-ease experienced by many who were alienated by the dominant culture of conformity, sexism, racism and homophobia. By educating, challenging and empowering white citizens to question the role of the military and, increasingly, to resist conscription it weakened the apartheid state thus adding an important component to the many pressures brought to bear on it which, in their combination, resulted in its demise. -
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A camnpaign A camnpaign initiated by The Africa-und. Bil Cosby Honorary Charman Durnisani S. Kumrao Coordinawr November, 1989 Dear Friend, Apartheid continues to crush human rights in South Africa. The facts contradict the de Klerk regime's efforts to give the impression that South Africa has become kinder and gentler in 1989. Enclosed is recent information from the Human Rights Commission in South Africa which reveals the true state of affairs. They appeal to us particularly to build campaigns in the coming months on assassinations, political prisoners, and vigilante violence. While the number of people officially detained has fallen under 100 for the first time since the State of Emergency began in 1986, the number of people in detention in their own homes, by virtue of bannings and restrictions is nearly 700. The severity of these restrictions coupled with their effect on the safety of both the restrictees and their families should focus attention on an entire nation in captivity, and one increasingly at risk of assault, abduction and assassination. Indeed some of these restrictees have been killed while trying to obey their restriction orders. There is growing evidence that this is a government sanctioned campaign to assassinate its political opponents. It has claimed 15 lives since January 1988. As the Apartheid Death machine expands its scope, it continues its more traditional functions: 154 people have been executed since the beginning of 1988 and there are 88 political prisoners now on Death Row. December 10th in Human Rights Day, we urge you to join us in making the Apartheid Death bachine a public issue. -
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report
VOLUME THREE Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report The report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was presented to President Nelson Mandela on 29 October 1998. Archbishop Desmond Tutu Ms Hlengiwe Mkhize Chairperson Dr Alex Boraine Mr Dumisa Ntsebeza Vice-Chairperson Ms Mary Burton Dr Wendy Orr Revd Bongani Finca Adv Denzil Potgieter Ms Sisi Khampepe Dr Fazel Randera Mr Richard Lyster Ms Yasmin Sooka Mr Wynand Malan* Ms Glenda Wildschut Dr Khoza Mgojo * Subject to minority position. See volume 5. Chief Executive Officer: Dr Biki Minyuku I CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to Regional Profiles ........ 1 Appendix: National Chronology......................... 12 Chapter 2 REGIONAL PROFILE: Eastern Cape ..................................................... 34 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Eastern Cape........................................................... 150 Chapter 3 REGIONAL PROFILE: Natal and KwaZulu ........................................ 155 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in Natal, KwaZulu and the Orange Free State... 324 Chapter 4 REGIONAL PROFILE: Orange Free State.......................................... 329 Chapter 5 REGIONAL PROFILE: Western Cape.................................................... 390 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Western Cape ......................................................... 523 Chapter 6 REGIONAL PROFILE: Transvaal .............................................................. 528 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Transvaal ...................................................... -
AG2543-2-2-43-01-Jpeg.Pdf
Independent Board of Inquiry POBox 32293 Broomfontein 201 7 Johonnesburg South Africo Phone (all ) 403 - 3256/7 Fox (all ) 403 - 1366 .') -- Report fo May - Augu st 1994 • .".) Report for MIIy-AuifUst i9J IBI Copyright otice Members of the public are free to reprint or report information, either in whole or in part, contained in this publication on the strict understanding that the Independent Board of Inquiry is acknowledged. Otherwise, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electrical, mechanical, photocopy, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. • BOARD MEMBERS: Dr Alex Boraine, Rev Frank Chi kane, Mr Brian Currin, Reverend Mvume Dandala, Prof John Dugard, Ms Sheena Duncan, Mr Peter Kerchhoff, Mr Norman Manoim, Ms Emma Mashinini, Br Jude Pieterse, Archbishop Desmond Tutu • IBI Report for AlnrAugust i9J TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: 1 1. STATE INSTITUTIONS: 3 1.1 South African Police Se rvice (SAPS) 3 1.1.1 Vusi Phiri "C 4 1.1.2 Eugene de Kock 4 1.2 Prisons 6 2. RIGHT WING 7 . - • 2. t Freedom Front 8 2.2 Afrikaner Weel'"S tandsbeweging (A WB) 9 2.3 Ri ght-wing trials 10 3. THE GOLDSTONE COMMISSION 11 3. 1 Escom Arms Deal 12 3.2 Third Force activities \3 4. TRUTH COMMISSION 14 5. ATTACKS ON INDIVIDUALS 15 • 5.1 W alter Sisulu 16 .2 Wilson Xolo 17 5.3 Oswald OIadla 17 5.4 Mathew Goniwe, Fort Calata. Sparrow Mkonto and Sicelo Mhlauli 17 5.5 Anton Lubowski 18 7. -
Between States of Emergency
BETWEEN STATES OF EMERGENCY PHOTOGRAPH © PAUL VELASCO WE SALUTE THEM The apartheid regime responded to soaring opposition in the and to unban anti-apartheid organisations. mid-1980s by imposing on South Africa a series of States of The 1985 Emergency was imposed less than two years after the United Emergency – in effect martial law. Democratic Front was launched, drawing scores of organisations under Ultimately the Emergency regulations prohibited photographers and one huge umbrella. Intending to stifle opposition to apartheid, the journalists from even being present when police acted against Emergency was first declared in 36 magisterial districts and less than a protesters and other activists. Those who dared to expose the daily year later, extended to the entire country. nationwide brutality by security forces risked being jailed. Many Thousands of men, women and children were detained without trial, photographers, journalists and activists nevertheless felt duty-bound some for years. Activists were killed, tortured and made to disappear. to show the world just how the iron fist of apartheid dealt with The country was on a knife’s edge and while the state wanted to keep opposition. the world ignorant of its crimes against humanity, many dedicated The Nelson Mandela Foundation conceived this exhibition, Between journalists shone the spotlight on its actions. States of Emergency, to honour the photographers who took a stand On 28 August 1985, when thousands of activists embarked on a march against the atrocities of the apartheid regime. Their work contributed to the prison to demand Mandela’s release, the regime reacted swiftly to increased international pressure against the South African and brutally. -
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa
A Theological Examination of Reconciliation Within a Political Context: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa by The Rev. Suzanne M. Warner Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Theology of the University of the South in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts May 2010 Sewanee Tennessee Approved: Date: 1 “A Theological Examination of Reconciliation Within a Political Context: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa” by The Rev. Suzanne Warner Thesis is under the direction of the Rev. Dr. Walter Brownridge and Dr. Cynthia Crysdale. ABSTRACT 1. During the past twenty years the world saw the development of the phenomenon of “Truth and Reconciliation Commissions” as an approach to resolve fractures within communities and nations, especially after periods of civil unrest, civil war, and other forms of violence and tension. Two basic questions emerge: What is reconciliation, and how does a society know that reconciliation has been accomplished? 2. Insights of theological ethics can provide a source for examination of the process of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa (TRC). Response to the questions may provide a view of the process to clarify the impact of the TRC on reconciliation in South Africa. 3. The TRC was a political creation, established through negotiations for an end to conflict that extended over decades. To provide insight into complex problems relating to reconciliation, Section II presents a history of the influences in South Africa relevant to apartheid and those conflicts. 4. Section III covers the formation and operation of the TRC, including participation of Christian leadership under Archbishop Desmond Tutu and others. -
African National Congress Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
African National Congress Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission August 1996 Contents Executive Summary ANC Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission 1. PREFACE 2. INTRODUCTION 3. THE HISTORICAL AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT 3.1 The prehistory of colonialism, dispossession and segregation 3.2 The history of the ANC to 1960 3.3 Just struggle in the international context 3.4 Apartheid and human rights 3.5 Apartheid human rights violations in an international context 4. THE NATIONAL PARTY, APARTHEID AND THE ANATOMY OF REPRESSION, 1948-1994 4.1 The post-1948 legislative programme of apartheid 4.2 The repressive apartheid security state, 1960-1974 4.3 The institutional violence and social consequences of apartheid 4.4 Judiciary and other forms of repression 4.5 Forced removals and forced incorporation 4.6 Mass repression by the regime in response to mass protests against apartheid 4.7 The height of apartheid repression 4.8 Apartheid and the destabilisation of Southern African countries in the 1980s 4.9 Covert action and state sanctioned gross violations of human rights in the negotiations era of the 1990s 5. PHASES OF STRUGGLE AND ANC POLICY FOUNDATIONS, 1960-1994 5.1 New forms of struggle after Sharpeville and the banning of opposition groups (1960-1969) 5.2 A changing scenario and new challenges (1969-1979) 5.3 Towards "People's War" and "People's Power" (1979-1990) 5.4 The ANC and internal revolt: The role of the Mass Democratic Movement in the 1980s 6. DID THE ANC PERPETRATE ANY GROSS VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS? 6.1 The approach, standards and conduct of the ANC in relation to human rights 6.2 Armed operations and civilian casualties 6.3 Excesses in relation to state agents 6.4 ANC members who died in exile 6.5 The Mass Democratic Movement and excesses in the mass revolt of the 1980s 7. -
Practical Solidarity : Connections Between Swedish Social Democratic Women and Women in the African National Congress of South Africa, 1960-1994
ORBIT-OnlineRepository ofBirkbeckInstitutionalTheses Enabling Open Access to Birkbeck’s Research Degree output Practical solidarity : connections between Swedish social democratic women and women in the African National Congress of South Africa, 1960-1994 https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/40170/ Version: Full Version Citation: Lundin, Emma Elinor (2016) Practical solidarity : connections between Swedish social democratic women and women in the African National Congress of South Africa, 1960-1994. [Thesis] (Unpublished) c 2020 The Author(s) All material available through ORBIT is protected by intellectual property law, including copy- right law. Any use made of the contents should comply with the relevant law. Deposit Guide Contact: email Practical Solidarity: Connections Between Swedish Social Democratic Women and Women in the African National Congress of South Africa, 1960-1994 Emma Elinor Lundin Department of History, Classics & Archaeology Birkbeck, University of London Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) July 2015 I declare that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Emma Elinor Lundin ABSTRACT This thesis discusses the struggle to increase women’s participation in public and political life by focusing on the activism of women within the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SAP) and the African National Congress of South Africa (ANC) from 1960 until 1994. It argues that internationalism was key to these women’s success, providing them with a source of support and funding as well as a stage to develop policies away from overwhelmingly patriarchal national settings. Creating and steering political trends and discussions in international fora, and bolstered by the approval of others in the international community, the women who feature here gained a foot in the door of power and created environments conducive to their presence, abilities and voices. -
Inaugural Griffiths and Victoria Mxenge Memorial
INAUGURAL GRIFFITHS AND VICTORIA MXENGE MEMORIAL LECTURE DELIVERED AT THE FACULTY OF LAW - NELSON MANDELA METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY ON 30 OCTOBER 2009 BY JUSTICE DIKGANG MOSENEKE “ESTABLISHING SOCIAL CONSENSUS ON THE SHIFTING BOUNDARIES BETWEEN JUDICIAL AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE - LESSONS FROM THE RECENT PAST” Introduction- Professor Derrick Swartz, the Vice Chancellor of the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University as well as the Professor Vivienne Lawack- Davids, the Executive Dean of the Faculty of law, I must at the outset make plain my happiness and gratitude. I am overjoyed by the initiative of the Faculty of Law to inaugurate this memorial lecture in order to remember and pay tribute to two remarkable compatriots, freedom fighters and indeed courageous civil rights lawyers. The memorial lecture series will not only keep alive the lessons of the courage and selflessness their lives so well epitomised but also will create space to engage in rigorous, if not robust, conversations about the elusive intersection between law and justice and society. My gratitude stems from your kind invitation in asking me to deliver the first of the memorial lectures in the names of Griffiths and Victoria 1 Mxenge. I have accepted this assignment in recognition that it is an honour to be asked to pay tribute to so revered a pair of patriotic lawyers. I am not unaware of the quiet work of the Law School in putting together this special occasion. I am equally thankful that so many from the university community, its council members, staff members of the Law Faculty and post- and undergraduate students have made time to attend this lecture. -
Lessons Learned from the Apartheid Litigation
\\jciprod01\productn\H\HLI\61-2\HLI201.txt unknown Seq: 1 31-JUL-20 10:27 Volume 61, Number 2, Summer 2020 Perspectives From a Practitioner: Lessons Learned From the Apartheid Litigation Susan H. Farbstein* Critics often contend that human rights litigation is not particularly useful in advancing human rights. Yet such critiques tend to miss the mark both because they demand too much of litigation—which is, of course, but one tool available to the human rights movement—and because they fail to understand the multiple goals, beyond court verdicts, of human rights plaintiffs and litigators. This article excavates those diverse goals, many of which have previously gone unexamined. It draws on insight gained from nearly a decade spent litigating a complex Alien Tort Statute suit that sought to hold corporations accountable for their role supporting and facilitating human rights violations in apartheid South Africa. This article also evaluates both successes and failures in the Apartheid case to explore the extent to which common critiques ring true. It would be foolhardy to claim that lawsuits alone can fundamentally improve respect for and protection of human rights. Still, this article concludes that litigation can be a powerful option for individuals or communities that have survived human rights abuse, particularly when deployed in tandem with other strategies, and that it played an important role for many stakeholders involved in the apartheid suit. In so doing, this article opens up fresh scholarly terrain and shares unique perspectives that may inform the work of other affected communities and human rights practitioners. Introduction For nearly a decade, I served as co-counsel on a case that sought to hold corporations accountable for their role in assisting and supporting the apartheid government to commit grievous human rights violations in South Africa.