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Qal'at Al-Bahrain Site Museum Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain WOHLERT Arkitekter Qal'at Al-Bahrain Museum

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Qal'at Al-Bahrain Site Museum Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain WOHLERT Arkitekter Qal'at Al-Bahrain Museum Qal’at al-Bahrain Site Museum Qal’at al-Bahrain Museum Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain 3508.BAH WOHLERT Arkitekter Karbabad Manama, Bahrain The Qal’at al-Bahrain (Bahrain Fort) ar- Architects Wohlert Arkitekter chaeological site was recently nominated Copenhagen, Denmark to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The new museum’s purpose is to expose the Clients Ministry of Information / site’s archaeological development from Sheikha Mai al-Khalifa 2500BC to today. Manama, Bahrain Commission 2003 Exposing regional architectural and cul- tural values have been crucial in the Design 2003 - 2007 design process. The Gulf Region has Construction 2006 - 2008 changed rapidly in recent years, and Occupancy 2008 traditional cultural expressions have not been appreciated as they deserve. Site 170,000 m2 Ground floor 1,670 m2 The 2000m2 museum is situated on a ODQG¿OOQHDUWKHVLWHDORQJWKHZDWHUIURQW Total floor 2,030 m2 It has been important that the building Costs n.a. retained the scale of traditional regional Programme In 2006 the archaeological buildings and is, in the same style, rather site at Qal’at al-Bahrain was introvert. declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This new Access is by way of an exterior courtyard museum is reached by an arrival with café at museum’s northern end and court leading to an exhibition exhibition in the southern. The courtyard space, a restaurant or the serves as a transition between the harsh archaeological site itself. The outdoors sun and the subdued interior exhibition is centred around a lighting. 30-metre-long reconstruction of the site’s archaeological strata, The exhibition space is laid out around and visitors pass through the the dramatic central display, a 30m long ages as they ascend through recreation of the archaeological strata, the museum past each layer of in levels corresponding to archaeologi- this wall. Making maximum cal sediments. From the earliest Dilmon Client: use of daylight, display cases period exhibition on the lower level, the Ministry of Information, Kingdom of Bah- are recessed into toplit towers visitor ascends to the most recent Islam- rain. Assistant Undersecretary for Culture that project from the exterior ic period exhibition on the higher level and National Heritage Shaikha Mai bint walls. In style, the architecture through a succession of planes. Mohammad bin Al-Khalifa responds to local tradition, scale and climate with an introverted The museum is lit by daylight, both from Sponsor: building, minimal in decoration. D VN\OLJKW UHÀHFWLQJ WKH WHOO ZDOO DQG Arcapita Bank and Kingdom of Bahrain through exhibition showcases, that are lit from above through the light turrets that Partners: IRUP WKH GLVWLQFWLYH IDoDGH 7KH ÀRRUV COWI Almoayed Gulf WLL (engineer and LQVLGH DQG RXW DUH LQ ,WDOLDQ 6DQWD¿RUD site architect) sandstone and ceilings are in dark mer- National Museum of Bahrain anti wood. Dr Pierre Lombard, chief curator Eskild Bjerre Laursen, exhibition architect Administration, lecture hall and rooms for Building Type Museums & Exhibition Facilities visiting archaeologists are placed around 2010 Award Cycle 3508.BAH the courtyard of the low square building. Construction 2006-2008 Qal’at al-Bahrain Site Museum Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain 3508.BAH WOHLERT Arkitekter Nikolaj Plads 8 1067 København K Denmark www.wohlertarkitekter.dk 3508.BAH 3508_3.jpg 3508_2.jpg Document B Record Number Aga Khan Award for Architecture ARCHITECT'S RECORD 2010 AWARD CYCLE I. IDENTIFICATION Project Title Qal'at al-Bahrain Site Museum ref 3508.BAH Street Address Karbabad City Manama Country Bahrain II. PERSONS RESPONSIBLE A. Architect/Planner Name Wohlert Arkitekter Mailing Address Nikolaj Plads 8 CityKøbenhavn K Postal Code 1067 Country Denmark Telephone +45 3313 9308 Facsimile +45 3315 2365E-mail nf@wohlertarkitekter / cw@wohlertarkitekter Principal Designer Claus Wohlert/Niels Friis B. Client Name Ministry of Information, Shaikha Mai bint Muhammad al-Khalifa Mailing Address P O Box 253 City Manama Postal Code Country Bahrain Telephone +973 17 290210 Facsimile +973 17 293008 E-mail [email protected] C. Project Affiliates / Consultants Please list those involved in the project and indicate their roles and areas of responsibility (e.g. engineers, contractors, economists, master craftsmen, other architects, clients, etc.). Please cite addresses and telephone numbers separately. Name Role COWI Bahrain Consulting Engineers Bokhowa Group Contractor Eskild Bjerre Laursen Exhibition Architect Dr Pierre Lombard Chief Curator National Museum of Bahrain Consultant 1/4 Record Number III. TIMETABLE (please specify year and month) A. Commission Autumn 2003 B. Design Commencement 2003Completion 2007 C. Construction Commencement2006 Completion 2008 D. Occupancy February 18th 2008 Remarks, if any: IV. AREAS AND SURFACES (please indicate in square metres) A. Total Site Area approx. 170.000m2 B. Ground Floor Area 1670m2 2030m2 C. Total Combined Floor Area including basement(s),ground floor(s) and all upper floors) Remarks, if any: V. ECONOMICS (please specify the amounts in local currencies and provide the equivalents in US dollars. Specify the dates and the rates of exchange in US dollars at the time.) Amount in Amount in Exchange Rate Date Local Currency US dollars A. Total Initial Budget 2.400.000 BD 6.360.000 US$ 2,65 2005 B. Cost of Land none C. Analysis of Actual Costs 1. Infrastructure see below 2. Labour see below see below 3. Materials 4. Landscaping 1,2,3+4: 2.215.608 BD 5.871.361,20 US$ 2,65 2008 5. Professional Fees 184.392 BD 6. Other D. Total Actual Costs (without land) E. Actual Cost 1.182,27 BD 3.133,- US$ 2,65 2008 (per sq. meter) Remarks, if any, on costs: F: Exhibition, total cost BD 450.000/US$ 1.192.500, not included in above figures. Breakdown of actual costs (C 1, 2, 3 + 4) not possible due to nature of contract. 2/4 Record Number VI. PROJECT DESCRIPTION In 2006 the archaeological site at Qal'at al-Bahrain was inscribed on the UNESCO list of world cultural heritage sites. The new museum houses an archaeological exhibition, introducing the site’s remains and historical development, including café, lecture hall and services for visitors. The UNESCO area, which consists of 17 hectares, contains an artificial mound created by thousands of years of archaeological cultural layers, in Arabic known as “tell.” So far, only a small part has been excavated. The traditional architecture in Bahrain is characterized by trim, introvert buildings free of ornamentation. Their purpose is to protect from the intense heat and sun, and to create a maximum of natural ventilation from summer temperatures in the mid-forties centigrade. The traditional Gulf and modern Nordic architecture actually share many formal properties. Architecturally, the new museum focuses on this familiarity, merging local architectural tradition with the expectations and demands that are placed on a state-of-the-art culture-historical museum. The new museum lies on the water’s edge, forming a dock on the gulf. It was inaugurated in 2008. It consists of two elements: a two-storey museum wing, housing museum, arrival court and restaurant, and a square services building surrounding a small garden court. The visitor enters the museum through the arrival court-yard, which creates a transition between the very hard out-doors light and the subdued museum lighting. A small fountain in the courtyard adds the sound of splashing water, providing a sense of tranquillity. The courtyard provides access to both museum hall and cafeteria and also forms the entrance gate to the archaeological site. The central element in the museum hall is the “tell wall,” a thirty-metre long recreation of the tell’s seven archaeological layers through 4500 years. Visitors are led through the museum on a tour around the wall, where the archaeological periods each have their own section of exhibition. The exhibition is organized chronologically; beginning on the lower level with the oldest period, after which the levels follow the archaeological layers, forming an ascension to the topmost level on the first floor. The museum hall is primarily lit by daylight, both by a continuous skylight over the tell wall, and by the facade display-cases. They are recessed in exterior walls, forming the characteristic projecting light towers in the building’s facades. The restaurant is spacious and has outdoor service in a shaded area on the dock with magnificent views of Gulf and Portuguese fort. Interior colours and textures are inspired by traditional Bahraini architecture. Ceilings are in hardwood coffers, referring to dark, wooden traditional ceilings. Walls are in cream render and interior and exterior paving is sandstone. VII. MATERIALS, STRUCTURE, AND CONSTRUCTION Use of materials is very restricted: Floors, inside and out, are from Italian Santafiora sandstone. Wall surfaces are rendered and painted in a colour and finish reminiscent of local traditional juss plaster. Coffered ceilings are made from meranti wood. Railings and ironmongery from brass. Fixed furniture is from mahogany. With few exceptions, construction methods are simple and well known in Bahrain, and materials are chosen among those readily available. The structure is a post and beam concrete framework based on a raft structure, the site being a recent landfill. The post and beam structure is filled out with concrete block masonry and rendered. Roof structure consists of steel trusses, supporting insulated aluminium roof panels. Ventilation and services are supplied through cavities in the raft, the raft forming the podium for the museum hall. 3/4 Record Number VIII. PROJECT SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT Keywords: Growing appreciation and support of cultural heritage in education and tourism. Intercultural exchange and cooperation. Reinterpretation of traditional architecture in a culture where its' qualities are generally unappreciated. The project's ambition is to reinterpret traditional architectural elements in a part of the world where effects of sudden wealth are happening with a very international approach.
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