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The Text of Leviticus Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute, Held in Fribourg (October 2015)

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The Text of Leviticus Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute, Held in Fribourg (October 2015) Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 292 Innocent Himbaza (ed.) The Text of Leviticus Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute, held in Fribourg (October 2015) PEETERS THE TEXT OF LEVITICUS ORBIS BIBLICUS ET ORIENTALIS Founded by Othmar Keel Editorial Board: Susanne Bickel, Catherine Mittermayer, Mirko Novák, Thomas C. Römer and Christoph Uehlinger Published on behalf of the Swiss Society for Ancient Near Eastern Studies and the Bible+Orient Foundation in cooperation with the Institute of Egyptology, University of Basel, the Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Near Eastern Archaeology section, University of Bern, the Department of Biblical Studies, University of Fribourg, the Institut romand des sciences bibliques, University of Lausanne, and the Department of Religious Studies, University of Zurich Volume editor Innocent Himbaza (1965) is Titular Professor of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament studies and Hebrew at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, and the curator of the Fribourg-based Dominique Barthélemy Institute devoted to research on the text of the HB/OT. His main research interests include textual criticism and the history and interpretation of the Hebrew Bible. Himbaza is the editor of the book of Leviticus for the Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ). Among his publications are Le Décalogue et l’histoire du texte (OBO 207, 2004); L’écrit et l’esprit (ed. with D. Böhler and Ph. Hugo; OBO 214, 2005); Un carrefour dans l’histoire du texte (ed. with A. Schenker; OBO 233, 2007); Making the Biblical Text (ed.; OBO 275, 2015); and La Bible en face (ed. with C. Locher; CRB 95, 2020). Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 292 The Text of Leviticus Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute, held in Fribourg (October 2015) edited by Innocent Himbaza Publications of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute, 3 Peeters Leuven - Paris - Bristol, CT 2020 Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis publishes monographs, multi-author volumes and conference proceedings in the fields of Biblical Studies (Hebrew Bible and Septuagint), Ancient Near Eastern Studies and Egyptology broadly understood (including archaeology, history, ­iconography and religion). The editorial board and affiliated institutions reflect the series’ high academic standards and interdisciplinary outlook. Manuscripts may be submitted via a member of the editorial board. They are examined by the board and subject to further peer review by internationally recognized scholars at the board’s discretion. The series is committed to worldwide distribution, notably through open access publication (Gold or Green). Past volumes are archived at the digital repository of the University of Zurich (www.zora.uzh.ch). Senior editor: [email protected] The open access publication of this book has been facilitated by the Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences. A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-90-429-4344-5 eISBN 978-90-429-4345-2 D/2020/0602/91 © 2020, Peeters, Bondgenotenlaan 153, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage or retrieval devices or systems, without the prior written permission from the publisher, except the quotation of brief passages for review purposes. CONTENTS Preface .................................................................................................... VII Abbreviations .......................................................................................... IX Innocent Himbaza Introduction: Where Does the Text of Leviticus Stand? ......................... 1 Emanuel Tov Textual Harmonization in Leviticus ........................................................ 13 Anna Angelini and Christophe Nihan Unclean Birds in the Hebrew and Greek Versions of Leviticus and Deuteronomy .................................................................................... 39 Innocent Himbaza La Bénédiction d’Aaron en Lévitique 9,22 et le Pentateuque Samaritain ............................................................................................... 69 Mary-Gabrielle Roth-Mouthon Le Lévitique dans le Pentateuque Samaritain : étude comparée des manuscrits 6 (C) de Sichem, CBL 751 (Dublin) et BCU L2057 (Fribourg) ................................................................................................ 83 Innocent Himbaza The Edited Septuagint of Leviticus is Not the Septuagint: A Plea for a Paradigm Shift ........................................................................................ 107 Moshe A. Zipor The Nature of the Septuagint Version of the Book of Leviticus ................. 121 Giorgio Paximadi Entre variantes et interprétations. Corruption textuelle ou exégèse dans le texte de la Septante du Lévitique ? ............................................. 133 Viktor Golinets Orthographical, Grammatical and Lexical Peculiarities in the Hebrew Texts of Leviticus: Considerations about Hebrew Bible Editing in the Light of the Linguistic Development of Hebrew ...................................... 149 Esias E. Meyer Leviticus 19:2 and Joshua 24:19: An Example of Literary Allusion? .... 179 VI CONTENTS Gert J. Steyn The Text Form of the Leviticus Quotations in the Synoptic Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles ................................................................... 205 Michael Avioz The Book of Leviticus in Josephus’ Writings ......................................... 227 René Péter-Contesse Quelques problèmes de traduction dans le chapitre 11 du Lévitique ...... 243 Index ....................................................................................................... 255 List of Contributors ................................................................................. 271 Detailed Table of Contents ..................................................................... 273 PREFACE Ancient Jewish tradition attaches significant consideration to the book of Leviticus, as it is by far the most quoted in rabbinic literature such as the Mishna or the Talmud. In the Christian tradition, however, the situation re- versed. Indeed, the book of Leviticus had been marginalized in studies and dis- cussions by specialists. Nevertheless, for some decades now, scholars of both traditions have again become highly interested in Leviticus. The book is thoroughly studied for its textual, literary, historical and reception aspects, as shown by many recent publications. It has often been said and written that the text of Leviticus is stable in com- parison to many other books of the Hebrew Bible, that its Greek translation is literal, etc. Yet, the text of Leviticus continues to raise questions, not only regarding its content and textual witnesses, but also its interpretation, history and reception. The third international colloquium of the Institut Dominique Barthélemy, held in Fribourg in October 2015, aimed to bring together some specialists of the text of Leviticus in order to advance research on the content of its textual witnesses and on the aforementioned topics. Their contributions are collected in this volume. Some of the authors who could not attend the col- loquium accepted to contribute to the publication, while others, who partici- pated at the colloquium, could not publish their paper here. The articles collected in his book reflect how wide the field of research is on such a biblical text. Discussions devoted to the text of Leviticus may be categorized as follows: 1) Leviticus as it appears in compared textual witnesses such as the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Masoretic Text, the Samaritan Pentateuch and the Sep- tuagint (Tov, Angelini and Nihan); 2) Leviticus as it appears in the Samaritan Pentateuch (Himbaza, Roth- Mouthon); 3) Leviticus as it appears in the Septuagint (Himbaza, Zipor, Paximadi); 4) Leviticus and considerations about Hebrew editing (Golinets); 5) Leviticus in relation to other books such as Joshua, Luke-Acts and Jose- phus (Meyer, Steyn, Avioz); 6) Leviticus in translation as explored in the French case study by Péter- Contesse. I owe a debt of gratitude to my colleagues of the Dominique Barthélemy Institute of Fribourg University: Philippe Lefebvre, Adrian Schenker, Yohanan Goldman, Philippe Hugo and especially Mary-Gabrielle Roth-Mouthon, who VIII PREFACE contributed by proofreading many contributions. I also thank Prof. Christoph Uehlinger and the editorial board of Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis who accepted this book in their series. Marcia Bodenmann and Christoph Uehlinger took care of the volume’s final layout and editing. Fribourg, July 2020 Innocent Himbaza ABBREVIATIONS AB Anchor Bible AnBib Analecta Biblica AOAT Alter Orient und Altes Testament AoF Altorientalische Forschungen ATANT Abhandlungen zur Theologie des Alten und Neuen Testa- ments BBET Beiträge zur biblischen Exegese und Theologie BETL Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium BFC Bible en Français Courant BHQ Biblia Hebraica Quinta BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia BIOSCS Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies BJ Bible de Jérusalem BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands Library BKAT Biblischer Kommentar Altes Testament BP Bible de la Pléiade BWANT Beihefte zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neun Testament BZAW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissen- schaft CAT Commentaire de l’Ancien Testament CATSS Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint Studies CBET Contributions to Biblical
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