Freeing the Dead Sea Scrolls: a Question of Access
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Frank Moore Cross's Contribution to the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Classics and Religious Studies Department 2014 Frank Moore Cross’s Contribution to the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls Sidnie White Crawford University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/classicsfacpub Part of the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, Classical Literature and Philology Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Crawford, Sidnie White, "Frank Moore Cross’s Contribution to the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls" (2014). Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department. 127. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/classicsfacpub/127 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Classics and Religious Studies at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Frank Moore Cross’s Contribution to the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls Sidnie White Crawford This paper examines the impact of Frank Moore Cross on the study of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Since Cross was a member of the original editorial team responsible for publishing the Cave 4 materials, his influence on the field was vast. The article is limited to those areas of Scrolls study not covered in other articles; the reader is referred especially to the articles on palaeography and textual criticism for further discussion of Cross’s work on the Scrolls. t is difficult to overestimate the impact the discovery They icturedp two columns of a manuscript, columns of of the Dead Sea Scrolls had on the life and career of the Book of Isaiah . -
The Covenant Renewal Ceremony As the Main Function of Qumran
religions Article The Covenant Renewal Ceremony as the Main Function of Qumran Daniel Vainstub Department of Bible, Archaeology and Ancient Near East, Ben‑Gurion University, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel; [email protected] Abstract: Unlike any other group or philosophy in ancient Judaism, the yahad sect obliged all mem‑ ˙ bers of the sect to leave their places of residence all over the country and gather in the sect’s central site to participate in a special annual ceremony of renewal of the covenant between God and each of the members. The increase of the communities that composed the sect and their spread over the en‑ tire country during the first century BCE required the development of the appropriate infrastructure for hosting this annual gathering at Qumran. Consequently, the hosting of the gathering became the main function of the site, and the southern esplanade with the buildings surrounding it became the epicenter of the site. Keywords: Qumran; Damascus Document; scrolls; mikveh 1. Introduction The subject of this paper is the yearly gathering during the festival of Shavuot of all members of the communities that composed the yahad sect.1 After close examination of the Citation: Vainstub, Daniel. 2021. The ˙ evidence for this annual gathering in the sect’s writings and analysis of the archaeological Covenant Renewal Ceremony as the data on the development of the site of Qumran, it became evident that in the generation Main Function of Qumran. Religions 12: 578. https://doi.org/10.3390/ following that of the site’s founders, the holding of the annual gathering became the main ¶ rel12080578 raison d’ tre of the site and the factor that dictated its architectural development. -
SAY NO to the LIBERAL MEDIA: CONSERVATIVES and CRITICISM of the NEWS MEDIA in the 1970S William Gillis Submitted to the Faculty
SAY NO TO THE LIBERAL MEDIA: CONSERVATIVES AND CRITICISM OF THE NEWS MEDIA IN THE 1970S William Gillis Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Journalism, Indiana University June 2013 ii Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Committee David Paul Nord, Ph.D. Mike Conway, Ph.D. Tony Fargo, Ph.D. Khalil Muhammad, Ph.D. May 10, 2013 iii Copyright © 2013 William Gillis iv Acknowledgments I would like to thank the helpful staff members at the Brigham Young University Harold B. Lee Library, the Detroit Public Library, Indiana University Libraries, the University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library, the University of Louisville Archives and Records Center, the University of Michigan Bentley Historical Library, the Wayne State University Walter P. Reuther Library, and the West Virginia State Archives and History Library. Since 2010 I have been employed as an editorial assistant at the Journal of American History, and I want to thank everyone at the Journal and the Organization of American Historians. I thank the following friends and colleagues: Jacob Groshek, Andrew J. Huebner, Michael Kapellas, Gerry Lanosga, J. Michael Lyons, Beth Marsh, Kevin Marsh, Eric Petenbrink, Sarah Rowley, and Cynthia Yaudes. I also thank the members of my dissertation committee: Mike Conway, Tony Fargo, and Khalil Muhammad. Simply put, my adviser and dissertation chair David Paul Nord has been great. Thanks, Dave. I would also like to thank my family, especially my parents, who have provided me with so much support in so many ways over the years. -
Norman Golb, Professor Emeritus the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, USA
Norman Golb, Professor Emeritus The Oriental Institute, University of Chicago, USA MONIEUX OR MUÑO? I Some fifty years ago, my attention was drawn to a medieval document of considerable historical importance, first published (but not translated) by Jacob Mann. The document, as I saw, merited closer attention not only because of the light it cast on Jewish proselytism and pogroms during the Middle Ages, but because Mann had visibly misread the key word in the text identifying the town where the document was prepared. Misreading the word as “ANYW,” Mann had implausibly identified the locality as Anjou (which, of course, is a province, not a town, in west- central France); but clearly the first letter of the word was an M (mem), not an A (aleph), and the resulting toponym was MNYW.1 The document consisted, in effect, of a letter of recommendation composed by a highly literate Jew (whose style appeared to be characterized by occasional Gallicisms) of MNYW for a female proselyte who was in dire need of assistance. Bearing this letter the woman had ultimately ended up in Cairo, where the document was found some eight hundred years later in the genizah (or storage room) of the old synagogue of Fustat. The story told in the letter was as follows: After converting to Judaism, the proselyte had fled from a “distant land” to the town of Narbonne, home of a major Jewish community in the Languedoc-Roussillon region of southern France. There, she had married one David of the prominent Todros family. (Remarkably, the proselyte herself is never once named in the letter.) When the couple had learned that her family was seeking her, they moved to MNYW. -
Dávid Nóra Margaréta a Qumráni Közösség Thanatológiája a Második
Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kar Történelemtudományi Doktori Iskola Eszmetörténeti M űhely Dávid Nóra Margaréta A qumráni közösség thanatológiája a második Szentély korának eszmerendszerében és gyakorlatában Doktori (PhD) értekezés A doktori iskola vezet ője: Dr. Fröhlich Ida DSc A m űhely vezet ője: Dr. Fröhlich Ida DSc A disszertáció témavezet ője: Dr. Fröhlich Ida DSc 2009 0 Tartalomjegyzék 1. Bevezetés. A disszertáció témája, a választás oka, a disszertáció célja....................................................................................................................3 2. A téma kutatástörténete....................................................................................6 2.1. A tekercsek felfedezése el őtt.......................................................................7 2.2. A tekercsek felfedezése után.......................................................................9 3. A qumráni telep és a közösség.........................................................................15 4. A közösség életmódja, szokásrendszere a vonatkozó források alapján 4.1. Antik auktorok az esszénusokról..............................................................21 4.2. A tekercsek................................................................................................24 4.3. Régészeti leletek........................................................................................28 5. Tisztaság és tér a qumráni közösség eszmerendszerében................................36 6. A tér szakralitásának -
4Qmmt) and Its Addressee(S)
CHAPTER FOUR TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: MIQSAṬ MAʿAŚE HA-TORAH (4QMMT) AND ITS ADDRESSEE(S) 1. Introduction Long before its official publication in 1994,1 and even before its debut in 1984,2 4QMMT had been characterized as a polemical communi- cation (or “letter”) between the sectarian leadership of the Qumran community, or some precursor, and the mainstream priestly or Phari- saic leadership in Jerusalem.3 This framing of the document overall 1 Elisha Qimron and John Strugnell, Qumran Cave 4. V: Miqsaṭ Maʿaśe Ha-Torah (DJD X; Oxford: Clarendon, 1994), henceforth referred to as DJD X. 2 See articles jointly authored by Qimron and Strugnell in next note. 3 For a concise statement of the generally held view of 4QMMT, see James C. VanderKam, The Dead Sea Scrolls Today (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1994), 59–60. The earliest notices of 4QMMT are as follows: Pierre Benoit et al., “Editing the Manuscript Fragments from Qumran,” BA 19 (1956): 94 (report of John Strugnell, August 1955; the same in French in RB 63 [1956]: 65); Józef T. Milik, Ten Years of Discovery in the Wilderness of Judea (trans. J. Strugnell; London: SCM, 1959; French orig., 1957), 41, 130; idem, “Le travail d’édition des manuscrits du Désert de Juda,” in Volume du Congrès, Strasbourg 1956 (VTSup 4; Leiden: Brill, 1957), 24; idem, in DJD III (1962): 225; Joseph M. Baumgarten, “The Pharisaic-Sadducean Controversies about Purity and the Qumran Texts,” JJS 31 (1980): 163–64; Yigael Yadin, ed., The Temple Scroll (3 vols.; Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1983), 2.213; Elisha Qim- ron and John Strugnell, “An Unpublished Halakhic Letter from Qumran,” in Biblical Archaeology Today: Proceedings of the International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, April 1984 (ed. -
Ten Top Biblical Archaeology Discoveries
Ten Top Biblical Archaeology Discoveries Cover © 2011 Biblical Archaeology Society 1 Ten Top Biblical Archaeology Discoveries Ten Top Biblical Archaeology Discoveries Production and Design Staff: Joey Corbett – Editor Robert Bronder – Designer Susan Laden – Publisher © 2011 Biblical Archaeology Society 4710 41st Street, NW Washington, DC 20016 www.biblicalarchaeology.org © 2011 Biblical Archaeology Society i Ten Top Biblical Archaeology Discoveries About the Biblical Archaeology Society The excitement of archaeology and the latest in Bible scholarship since 1974 The Biblical Archaeology Society (BAS) was founded in 1974 as a nonprofit, nondenominational, educational organization dedicated to the dissemination of information about archaeology in the Bible lands. BAS educates the public about archaeology and the Bible through its bi-monthly magazine, Biblical Archaeology Review, an award-winning Web site (www.biblicalarchaeology.org), books and multimedia products (DVDs, CD-ROMs and videos), tours and seminars. Our readers rely on us to present the latest that scholarship has to offer in a fair and accessible manner. BAS serves as an important authority and as an invaluable source of reliable information. Publishing Excellence BAS’s flagship publication is Biblical Archaeology Review. BAR is the only magazine that connects the academic study of archaeology to a broad general audience eager to understand the world of the Bible. Covering both the Old and New Testaments, BAR presents the latest discoveries and controversies in archaeology with breathtaking photography and informative maps and diagrams. BAR’s writers are the top scholars, the leading researchers, the world- renowned experts. BAR is the only nonsectarian forum for the discussion of Biblical archaeology. BAS produced two other publications, Bible Review from 1985–2005, and Archaeology Odyssey from 1998–2006. -
Do I Owe Israel Support of Nixon?
killed not him alone, but much more. It killed a dream, morality. We helped by joining forces with destructive and woke me up to the horrible reality in which we hate-mongers, who talk about an Utopian world, but in Jews live. times of real need are incapable of human decency and feelings. We dreamt of a United Nations — about an^nlightened world opinion. Where were they when the Arabs seemed May the untimely death and sacrifice of our Israeli to be victorious? Only when the Arabs seemed beaten brethren be a warning to all of us before it is too late. did the United Nations awake and spread its protective umbrella to prevent Egypt from suffering the results of its aggression. Where, were all those great humanist Do i owe israel support of nixon? nations that were so concerned about Vietnam? Not a single one spoke out — all being more concerned with Jonathan Groner oil than with elementary human decency. How would the impeachment or resignation of the Where was the great McGovern, when his friend Fulbright President affect the future of Israel, and therefore, gave an anti-semitic speech worthy of a Goebbels? And how are we as Jews to respond to calls for either? where were all the great liberal columnists from the New York Times? Only William Safire found it appro- It is clear that if the removal of Richard Nixon would priate to express a word of encouragement. Had we directly endanger Israel's security — for example, if a been criminals, maybe a Tom Wicker or an Anthony Fulbright stood to succeed him — we would have to Lewis would have found time to shed a fake tear — but support Nixon and swallow our revulsion. -
In Memoriam Norman Golb (15.I.1928–29.Xii.2020)*
IN MEMORIAM NORMAN GOLB (15.I.1928–29.XII.2020)* MICHAEL G. WECHSLER MOODY BIBLE INSTITUTE, CHICAGO ! Norman Golb, who began his life in a densely-packed immigrant neighborhood in Chicago and rose to become one of the world’s leading Hebrew manuscript and Semitics scholars, has passed away. Golb was born in Albany Park in 1928. His parents, from the Ukraine, met after their families had settled in that northwest Chicago neighborhood along with thousands of other Jewish immigrants. A part-time actor in the Yiddish theater, Golb’s father Joseph sustained his family during the Depression by working as a barber, and later for the City of Chicago’s water department. Golb’s mother Rose, née Bilow, was a homemaker and part-time sales clerk at the old Fair department store. Not born into prosperous circumstances, Golb did not attend an elite university away from home. He first studied at Wright Junior College, now (Wilbur) Wright College, and thereafter at Roosevelt College (now University), receiving his B.A. in English literature. Golb received his first advanced training in Hebrew, Aramaic, and * This memorial essay consists primarily of edited excerpts drawn from the obituary of Norman Golb published on the Chicago Jewish Funerals website (<https://chicagojewishfunerals.com/funeral- detail-page/?case=64BBCEC4-A495-4F41-B718-A9D475B3174C>) and the biographical article by JOEL L. KRAEMER, « Portrait of the Scholar », in JOEL L. KRAEMER, MICHAEL G. WECHSLER (eds.), Pesher Naḥum: Texts and Studies in Jewish History and Literature from Antiquity through the Middles Ages Presented to Norman (Naḥum) Golb, The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago 2012 (Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, 66), p. -
Torturing Terrorists for National Security Imperatives: Mediated Violence on "24"
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones 5-2009 Torturing terrorists for national security imperatives: Mediated violence on "24" Michael D. Sears University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Film and Media Studies Commons, Journalism Studies Commons, Mass Communication Commons, and the Television Commons Repository Citation Sears, Michael D., "Torturing terrorists for national security imperatives: Mediated violence on "24"" (2009). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/2596826 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TORTURING TERRORISTS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY IMPERATIVES: MEDIATED VIOLENCE ON 24 by Michael D. Sears Bachelor of Arts New Mexico State University 2007 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Journalism and Media Studies Hank Greenspun School of Journalism and Media Studies Greenspun College of Urban Affairs Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas May 2009 UMI Number: 1472488 Copyright 2009 by Sears, Michael D. -
You Will Be Like the Gods”: the Conceptualization of Deity in the Hebrew Bible in Cognitive Perspective
“YOU WILL BE LIKE THE GODS”: THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF DEITY IN THE HEBREW BIBLE IN COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE by Daniel O. McClellan A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Master of Arts in Biblical Studies We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard ............................................................................... Dr. Craig Broyles, PhD; Thesis Supervisor ................................................................................ Dr. Martin Abegg, PhD; Second Reader TRINITY WESTERN UNIVERSITY December, 2013 © Daniel O. McClellan Table of Contents Chapter 1 – Introduction 1 1.1 Summary and Outline 1 1.2 Cognitive Linguistics 3 1.2.1 Profiles and Bases 8 1.2.2 Domains and Matrices 10 1.2.3 Prototype Theory 13 1.2.4 Metaphor 16 1.3 Cognitive Linguistics in Biblical Studies 19 1.3.1 Introduction 19 1.3.2 Conceptualizing Words for “God” within the Pentateuch 21 1.4 The Method and Goals of This Study 23 Chapter 2 – Cognitive Origins of Deity Concepts 30 2.1 Intuitive Conceptualizations of Deity 31 2.1.1 Anthropomorphism 32 2.1.2 Agency Detection 34 2.1.3 The Next Step 36 2.2. Universal Image-Schemas 38 2.2.1 The UP-DOWN Image-Schema 39 2.2.2 The CENTER-PERIPHERY Image-Schema 42 2.3 Lexical Considerations 48 48 אלהים 2.3.1 56 אל 2.3.2 60 אלוה 2.3.3 2.4 Summary 61 Chapter 3 – The Conceptualization of YHWH 62 3.1 The Portrayals of Deity in the Patriarchal and Exodus Traditions 64 3.1.1 The Portrayal of the God of the Patriarchs -
The End of an Era Frank Moore Cross (1921-2012)
This article is reproduced by the Society of Biblical Literature with permission from Biblical Archaeology Review. The End of an Era Frank Moore Cross (1921-2012) Hershel Shanks • 10/18/2012 There will be a memorial service for Professor Cross in Memorial Church in Harvard Yard on Saturday, November 10th, at 4:00 p.m. We knew it would happen, but it’s still a shock. Frank Cross is dead. I will leave it to scholars to write of his scholarly accomplishments. I will only write of what I know: He stood at the very pinnacle of the profession, universally respected and admired. When he spoke, others stood in awe. The Hancock Professor of Hebrew and Other Oriental Languages at Harvard University, the third oldest endowed academic chair in the United States, Cross was a specialist in the Dead Sea Scrolls, in obscure ancient languages, in the science of dating ancient inscriptions based on the shape of the letters, in the Biblical text and in archaeology, to name but a few. I’ve been at this desk for almost 40 years and by now I can comfortably engage with senior colleagues. In the early years, however, I was a newcomer. I was a lawyer who had never taken a course in archaeology or even in the Bible. In those days, I divided scholars into two categories—those who welcomed novices like me and the other kind, who looked at me from their empyrean heights. Frank was clearly in the former group and I valued his friendship more than I can say.