ௐ 3 ഇ! ࢱ 89-106! 2020 ѐ/ࡌ؞ཱི !ס έ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώ! ௐ 16 Taiwan International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 89-106 Autumn 2020

庫克群島、紐埃與紐西蘭 的自由聯盟關係

ధޙၷ ර̂ጯέ៉̼͛ጯրࣘЇӄநି଱ڌ

ၡ ࢋ

৸Ҙᜋതϔٺതϔ̼߆ඉĂࣧᛳܧĂᓑЪ઼ฟؕଯજޢѐ̝ 1945 ᅳг۞ऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄ֭ϏᏴፄ፾ϲĂ҃ߏᄃ৸ҘᜋԛјҋϤᓑ༖۞ ඕЪĄଂགྷᑻă઼֨ăڼԛёᚶᜈᄃ৸Ҙᜋઇ߆֣ڼᙯܼĂͽҋڼ߆ ୧Іֽ࠻ĂдҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ˭Ăᔵ൒ऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ֭៍މγϹඈ͹ Ă݋ߏ௑ޘᄃ߆ඉី߿ڼߏԆБ፾ϲҋ͹۞઼छĂҭҋϤᓑ༖۞߆ܧ Ъ˞ऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ۞ӀৈĄ

ᙯᔣෟĈऱҹཏफă৸ऄă৸ҘᜋăҋϤᓑ༖ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 90

壹、前言

৸ҘᜋĞNew Zealandğٺതϔ̼߆ඉ۞Я৵˭ĂࣧᛳܧдᓑЪ઼ଯજ ѐ׶ 1974 1965 ٺതϔᅳг۞ऱҹཏफĞCook Islandsğ׶৸ऄĞNiueğĂҾ ĄڼᙯܼĂଂ҃၁னҋڼѐᄃ৸Ҙᜋ၁߉ҋϤᓑ༖Ğfree associationğ۞߆ າ᎖۞ᓑЪ઼ଯજΝതϔ̼߆ඉᏴี̝ޢߏ˟ѨጼޘטڱҋϤᓑ༖۞ጳ ႕֖఺׌͉࣎π߶̈फ઼ܲѣϔ୉።Ϋ̼͛ඈপҒ۞ϔ୉ҋޘטĂ఺࣎˘ ΃ܑ፾ϲĂҭ΁ࣇᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤ̙ڼՙ͞ёĄጐგऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄ۞ҋ തϔ̼߆ඉ۞ཌྷચĄऱҹཏܧᓑ༖ᙯܼĂ΃ܑ˞৸Ҙᜋར၁˞ᓑЪ઼ଯજ ĂҋϤඕ༖۞щଵ̙֣ڼតј˞৸ҘᜋҋϤඕ༖۞ҋ˭ޘטफ׶৸ऄдѩ ᅮՐͽ̈́ڼതϔ̼۞ࢋՐĂ˵ͅߍ˞ऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄ۞߆ܧ௑ЪᓑЪ઼่ ҋ۞ޘĂऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄܲѣ੼˭ט৸Ҙᜋ۞ӀৈĄдҋϤඕ༖۞ጳ߆វ гҜĂ่Ϥ৸Ҙᜋ࢑య઼֨ᄃγϹćТॡĂऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ۞ˠϔ˵ጾڼ ˯Ӏّᄃགྷᑻܮ۞˯ڼˠϔЯѩᒔ଀Հк߆۞֣ڼѣ৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱĂ׌࣎ҋ ᓑЪ઼ᄮؠऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ׍౯ᘪཌ୧ࡗ۞፾ϲ઼छٺӀৈĄѩγĂϤ۞ ΐˢк࣎ᓑЪ઼ٙᛳ۞઼ᅫ௡ᖐĂТॡ˵׶̙Т۞઼˵֣ڼ୧ІĂ׌࣎ҋ פϲγϹᙯܼĄ౅࿅ᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼĂऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄፂѩޙछ ᅫгҜણᄃ઼ᅫ௡ᖐĄώ͛౅࿅።Ϋ۞ਔඛĂ઼פۋ଀౵к۞གྷᑻӀৈă ၹҋϤᓑ༖۞ᙯܼĂͽ̈́ҋϤᓑ༖ጳ߆ޙᕩৼ΍ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ ۞˯ᅫгҜඈᛉᗟ઼פۋĂऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸ҘᜋдགྷᑻӀৈᄃ˭ޘט ˬ֎ᙯܼĄ

貳、庫克群島、紐埃與紐西蘭政治整合前的歷史背景

˘ăऱҹཏफᖎ̬

ऱҹཏफߏϤ 15 ࣎फᑎ௡ј۞ཏफĂ2016 ѐˠ˾ࠎ 17,459 ˠ ĞMcDonald, 2018: 142-43ğĂ͹ࢋˠ˾ࠎͨӀˠĂౙгࢬ᎕ࡗࠎ 240 π̳͞ ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ 91

ᛳ֧ࠟκҘֲĞFrench PolynesiağڱΔ͞Ăڌ1ĄгநҜཉдݑ͉π߶৸Ҙᜋ֧ ࡔͷ൴னధкफᑎ۞ࡻ͵ 18 ٺᄃ೺ᑻĞFijiğ̝มĂ׎׻Щ੓໚ߏϤ߿᜙ ѐ൳ౙऱ 1773 ٺĞCaptain James Cookğ2Ąྜؒ೻ऱҹܜ௺೻ऱҹؒྜ઼ ҹཏफĂ1777 ѐГѨౄణྍफĄऱҹཏफϫ݈ߏ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖֣ јࣶ۞৸ҘᜋၹјొЊĄםĞassociated stateğјࣶĂ˵ߏ̂ࡻ઼ Ξਕညҫᅳ̂໨г˘ᇹҫᅳऱҹཏ઼ڱѐĂऱҹཏफˠϔፉ͕ 1888 ߏјࠎ˞ࡻ઼۞᜕ܲгĄ1900 ѐ 9 ͡Ăफϔᅳఞ೩΍ኛᙸ३ĂࢋՐٺफĂ ࠎࡻ઼ᅳ˿Ą1900 ѐ 10 ͡Ăऱҹཏफˠϔ드ఞᘪཌТຍ׀૟఺ֱཏफЪ οॲፂࡻ઼ 1895 ѐĺതϔгᙝކ३Ăјࠎࡻ઼̃ͳ۞ᅳгĄ1901 ѐĂࡻ઼ ৸Ҙᜋ۞തϔгٺĻĞColonial Boundaries Act 1985ğĂऱҹཏफజᕩᛳڱࠧ ,ቑಛ̰Ăઇࠎࡻ઼۞͉π߶ᅳ˿ؼҩгĞRoberts-Wray, 1966: 891, Gilson ᙯڼ96-109ğćϺӈ 1901 ѐ੓Ăऱҹཏफಶᄃ৸Ҙᜋಶѣ˞ϒё۞߆ :1980 ፟ڱᅮՐĂٙͽऱҹཏफд 1947 ѐјϲ˞ϲ۞عऱҹཏफг͞߆ٺĄϤܼ ĻĞBritish Nationality and NewڱၹĄ༊ 1948 ѐĺ̂ࡻ઼ᚱ̈́৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱ ѐ 1 ͡ 1 ͟Ϡड़ॡĂүࠎࡻ઼Ҋϔ۞ 1949 ٺZealand Citizenship Act 1948ğ ଀৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱĞGreen, 2005; Firth, 2013: 3ğĄ1957 ѐĂऱפϔҋજاऱҹफ ፟ၹԼࠎ͹ࢋϤϔᏴயϠĞFirth, 2013: 3ğĄ̙࿅Ăд৸Ҙᜋڱҹཏफ۞ϲ ᛳᅳ˿Ąܢ፾ϲ̝݈Ăऱҹཏफ̪൒ߏ৸Ҙᜋ۞ٕڼՙؠග̟ιࣇҋع߆

˟ă৸ऄᖎ̬

ݑ͉π߶Ă2015 ѐˠ˾ࠎ 1,758 ˠĞMcDonald, 2018: 145ğĂٺ৸ऄҜ ৸ऄ۞୉ཏၹј˯ᄃऱҹཏफ̙ТĂ৸ऄ͹ࢋ୉ཏߏ֧ࠟκҘֲˠ ΔڌĞPolynesiansğćѩγĂౙгࢬ᎕ࡗ 260 π̳֧͞3ĄгநҜཉд৸Ҙᜋ

220 ٺॲፂέ៉γϹొ۞ྤफ़Ăऱҹཏफౙгࢬ᎕ࡗ 240 π̳֧͞Ă15 ࣎͹ࢋफᑎ೸Ҷ 1 ༱π̳͎͞۞ঔા̰Ą2016 ѐ۞௚ࢍྤफ़Ăऱҹཏफࡗѣ 78.2%ߏͨӀˠĄ ĞCaptain CookğĂܜ௺೻ऱҹĞ1728 ѐ 11 ͡ 7 ͟ů1779 ѐ 2 ͡ 14 ͟ğĂ˫Щऱҹؒྜ 2 ˵лཏफ۞ለ߷ˠĂރ׶आثڌπ߶Ă૲ᅳᚻฤ௺ࣶјࠎࢵԲ൳ౙ፫߷͉ـ؇׻݈ޘˬ ߏ૲ᅳለ߷௺੸ࢵѨᒖᖒ৸ҘᜋਝҖ۞ˠĄ ॲፂέ៉γϹొྤफ़Ă৸ऄ۞ౙгࢬ᎕ 260 π̳֧͞Ąࡗ 66.5%ˠ˾ߏ৸ऄ֧ࠟκҘֲ 3 ˠĄ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 92

ᙝ݋ߏऱҹཏफĄ1774 ѐĂڌΐĂΔᙝߏᖠᇝֲĞSamoağĂڌĂҘᙝߏ͞ ৸ऄ۞ለ߷ˠĄॲፂĺ1886 ѐࡻᇇ̳ࡗĻזऱҹதᅳ۞௺ᚻјࣶߏࢵԲ࠻ ĞAnglo-German Convention of 1886ğĂ৸ऄజထᕩࠎᇇ઼ᛳгĞParsons, ჯкӀֲ̃ͳĂԓ୕ࡻ઼᜕ܲܫ۰д࡭ڼ262ğĄ1889 ѐĂ৸ऄफ۞௚ :1968 ᖠᇝֲٺഇ၆ܜ৸ऄ۞щБĂҭϏਕтᙸĄ19 ͵ࡔϐĂࡻ઼ă઼࡚ăᇇ઼ ୢᖠᇝֲĂ઼࡚ᄃᇇ̶઼౷ᖠᇝֲĄٸᛉд 1899 ѐӘ˘࣎߱རĂࡻ઼ۋ˿ᅳ οॲፂࡻކኛᙸ३ć1901 ѐĂࡻ઼۞׀ѐĂ৸ऄफϔ೩΍Тຍࡻ઼Ъ 1900 ˢऱҹཏफĂ֭д 1901 ѐјࠎ৸Ҙ׀ĻĂ૟৸ऄڱѐĺതϔгᙝࠧ 1895 ઼ ᜋ۞തϔгᅳ˿ĞRoberts-Wray, 1966: 897; Parsons, 1968: 242-43ğĄ

參、聯合國非殖民化政策的影響

˘ăᓑЪ઼ܧതϔ̼߆ඉ

ன၁˯Ăଂ˿гࢬ᎕ăˠ˾ᇴඈඈֽ࠻Ă৸Ҙᜋдᇴፂ˯ᅈᅈ෹࿅ऱ ҹཏफͽ̈́৸ऄĄ৸Ҙᜋ۞ˠ˾ᇴд 2020 ѐ 7 ͡ࠎ 4,925,477 ˠĂౙгࢬ ऱٺ᎕ 264,537 π̳֧͞ĞCentral Intelligence Agency, 2020ğĄ৸Ҙᜋ࠹ྵ ҹཏफă৸ऄ۞ˠ˾ᄃ˿гࢬ᎕Ăΐ˯৸Ҙᜋ۞གྷᑻ၁˧Ă৸Ҙᜋೀͼߏ ߏ 1945 ѐ̝ܮ୧Іֽ࠻Ăӈ៍މऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄυืࣅᏥ۞၆෪Ąଂ఺ֱ ޢĂᓑЪ઼ଯજܧതϔ̼߆ඉĂऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ˵ᙱͽԆБ௲ᗓ৸Ҙᜋ҃ Ԇፋ፾ϲҋ͹Ą തϔ̼።Ϋ۞ВТ੓ᕇߏ 1945 ѐĂ৸Ҙᜋણΐܧ৸Ҙᜋᄃ׎΁઼छ۞ ᛉ˯੓ਨ۞ĺᓑЪ઼ጳౢĻĞUnited Nations CharterğĂ൒҃৸Ҙົ̋ܛдᖞ ᅫᓑ༖ĞLeague of઼۞ޢѨ͵ࠧ̂ጼ˘זതϔ̼གྷ።Ξ੠໖ܧᜋҋ̎۞ ؠĻĞ Australia-New ZealandםNationsğٕ 1944 ѐ۞ĺ፫߷ᄃ৸Ҙᜋ Agreement of 1944ĂٕჍĺӯૈ̳ٛࡗĻCanberra PactğĂҭߏ 1945 ѐĺᓑ Ъ઼ጳౢĻߏ఼૱జෛࠎБ஧Νതϔ̼۞ฟბĞMcDonald, 2018: 38ğĄ1945 ҋܧο׎ކኛᓑЪ઼Чົ઼ࣶܜĂᓑЪ઼৪३ޢѐĺᓑЪ઼ጳౢĻ੓ਨ̝ Ă৸Ҙᜋ࠱ޢࢋՐ۞ܜᓑЪ઼৪३זᅳ˿Ă֭ШᓑЪ઼ಡӘĄ৸Ҙᜋќڼ ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ 93

ؠڼચ૟ҋڱᅳ˿۞ؠཌྷĄ࠱छڼҋܧચᄮࠎĂऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄ௑Ъڱछ ڼдऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄफߏӎ௑ЪҋٺཌྷࠎˠࣇᏴᓝҋ̎۞΃ܑ̝ਕ˧Ą၆ Ăҭ΁ࣇдጳౢ̰̙֭ޘטڱચᄮࠎጐგ΁ࣇѣफᛉົ۞ϲڱᅳ˿Ă࠱छ ˭ĞMcDonald, 2018: 41ğĄ༊ॡдᓁந Peter Fraser ᅳጱڼߏĶ·̶ķ۞ҋ Ăᄮࠎऱҹཏफߏ৸Ҙᜋ̙Ξٕ৿۞˘ొЊĂᄮؠ৸Ҙᜋᄃع৸Ҙᜋ߆۞ ऱҹཏफ۞ᙯܼ̙ߏതϔᙯܼĂᓑЪ઼̙ᑕྍ̬ˢ৸Ҙᜋᄃཏफ۞ᙯܼ ĞMcDonald, 2018: 42ğĄ തϔ̼᜜ኢĂኡѣᝋՙؠ˘࣎ᅳ˿ߏܧѐҌ 1960 ѐĂᓑЪ઼ซҖ 1946 തܧĞMcDonald, 2018: 45ğĄາᎸ፾ϲ઼छ۞૦੓ΐిᓑЪ઼ଯજڼӎҋ ֏ĻĞ Declaration onކϔ̼͞ࢬ۞߆ඉĂ1960 ѐᓑЪ઼ĺΝതϔ̼ Decolonisation, 1960ğ݋ͅߍ˞఺࣎ᔌ๕ĄĺΝതϔ̼ކ֏ć఼࿅ޢѨ͟Ă ቁ޽΍׎ዋϡቑಛᄃˬ࣎ዋϡҋՙ͞९ĈĞ1ğјࠎ͹ᝋ፾ϲ઼छځՙᛉ Ğemergence as a sovereign independent stateğćĞ2ğᄃ˘࣎፾ϲ઼छ۞ҋϤ ׀ᓑ༖Ğfree association with an independent stateğćٕĞ3ğᄃ፾ϲ઼छЪ Ğintegration with an independent stateğĞMcDonald, 2018: 48ğĄௐ˟࣎Ᏼี ଀·̶ྤੈૄᖂ˭Ă౅࿅ϔ͹פٙᏜ۞ҋϤᓑ༖Ăߏপؠᅳ˿۞ˠϔĂд ඀Ԕܑ҃྿΍ֽ۞ҋϤᄃҋᙸᏴፄĄҋϤᓑ༖ᑕྍ಴ࢦྍᅳ˿̈́׎ˠϔ۞ পّ׶̼͛পኳĂྍᅳ˿̰۞ˠϔѣԼត׎гҜ۞ҋϤĂ˵ѣᝋՙؠ׎̰ జതϔ۞फᑎдٺγࠧ̒ᕘĞMcDonald, 2018: 48-49ğĄᙯצĂ̙ڱጳ۞ొ ந˯۞гҜĂ඗̂кᇴफᑎౌ̙дವՐ͹ᝋгҜĂҭ˵̙ԓ୕εΝҋ͹ڱ ᛉםڼᙸຍΐˢ΁ࣇ۞߆ޝ˵૱ᝋĂ͹ጱ఺ֱజതϔफᑎ۞઼छ๕˧఼ ˘Ą၆జതϔ۞फᑎ҃֏ĂҋϤᓑ༖఺჌ඉரߏࣘ׍நّᄃጼரّኳĂ̚ ˘ࠎ֗ڍόफᑎ೩੼͹ᝋҭεΝщБᄃགྷᑻĂ఺̙֭Ъͼ౵੼۞ӀৈĄт ࣎г͞৺۞फ઼Ăਕᒔ଀઼͚̂޺۞щБშĂТॡΞჯ޺ϔ୉̶֗ă̼͛ ͹ཌྷĂ֭ၘೖග઼̟̈ޓᛳ۞઼̂˵ਕҖֹహّ۞ܢҖֹг͞۞ᝋӀĂ֭ ֽڶېफ઼ӀৈĞBaldacchino, 2010: 19-20ğĄଂҋϤᓑ༖࠹ᙯౘࢗᄃ၁ᅫ छԆБ፾ϲᄃࣧതϔᕩᛳᅳ˿̝มĂҋϤᓑ༖઼ٺ࠻ĂҋϤᓑ༖۞Ҝล̬ ҋϤĞfreeğຍཌྷஉᄏྤੈ·֖ăԆБϔ͹Ă֭ѣᖎಏΞҖ̝඀Ԕ௲ᗓҋ۞ Ϥᓑ༖҃Ԇј፾ϲ̝୧ІĄҋϤᓑ༖͹ࢋ۞পᇈѣˬĂௐ˘ĂҋϤᓑ༖ј ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 94

͹ཌྷ۞ؼҩĂ઼ޓహّٺᛳ˯ޘࣶܲѣҋϤซ΍ᓑ༖۞ᝋӀćௐ˟Ăߙ඀ ࣧതϔϓ઼࢑య׎઼֨γϹĂҭυืܲᅪ׎གྷᑻщБćௐˬĂΐ༖ҋϤ֣ Ш̚Ăऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄౌᏴፄௐפ፾ϲវĄдӀৈ౵̼̂۞۞ڼҋޘߏ੼ Ăᄃ˘࣎፾ϲ۞઼छҋϤᓑ༖Ă҃ҋϤᓑ༖၆෪ಶߏ৸ҘᜋĄี˟

ăऱҹཏफᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖።඀˟

തϔ̼߆ඉ۞͉π߶फᑎĂּтࡻᛳٙᘲܧѐĂᓑЪ઼Е΍ଯજ 1960 ཏफĞSolomon Islandsğă೺ᑻඈć፫߷۞າೀֲ̰ĞNew Guineağ׶Ꮪܝ ੉ᅳ˿ăऱܫጆĞNauruğ੉გડඈć৸Ҙᜋ۞ҘᖠᇝֲĞWestern Samoağ ڼҋܧᅳ˿ć઼࡚ጼரّ͉π߶फᑎ੉გડĂͽ̈́ڼҋܧҹཏफă৸ऄඈ ᙯफĞGuamğă࡚ᛳᖠᇝֲඈඈĞMcDonald, 2018: 49ğĄҘᖠᇝֲߏௐ˘࣎ ѐјࠎ፾ϲ઼छĄனдĂҘ 1962 ٺफᑎᅳ˿ĂҘᖠᇝֲ۞ט௲ᗓ৸Ҙᜋଠ ᖠᇝֲॲፂĺ̓р୧ࡗĻĞTreaty of Friendshipğᄃ৸Ҙᜋܲ޺඾૜̷ᓑᘭ4Ą Ă೩ֻҖ߆ăԫఙͽ̈́ڶې۞ع҂ณҘᖠᇝֲ߆عྍ୧ࡗఢؠĂ৸Ҙᜋ߆ ׎΁೯ӄኛՐĞTownend, 2003: 579ğĄᐌ඾ᓑЪ઼၆͉π߶ЧफᑎΝതϔ̼ ҂ऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄफϏֽҋՙ۞ᛉޥͽ̈́ҘᖠᇝֲĂ৸Ҙᜋฟؕڦᙯ۞ ᗟĂֹ֭ܳ৸Ҙᜋд 1962 ѐವՐᄃऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄВТົથѩયᗟ ĞMcDonald, 2018: 46, 49ğĄ ऱҹཏफᄃҘᖠᇝֲ̙ТĂऱҹཏफ֭ϏᏴፄԆБ፾ϲĂ҃ߏд 1965 Ăٚᄮ৸Ҙᜋ۞̃ͳع߆֣ڼѐᏴፄᄃ৸ҘᜋјࠎҋϤᓑ༖઼छĂјࠎҋ ੳ˭˵ߏऱҹཏफ۞઼छ̮ࢵĞTownend, 2003: 579ğĄ1962 ѐĂऱҹཏफ ᛉ͞९۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯޙĄдᓑЪ઼טᛉົ׶৸ऄᛉົ̪Ϥ৸Ҙᜋٙଠڱϲ ķĂߏҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼࢍထซ඀۞௣ᕇĂ׎၁Ăѩซ඀ѝд 1946ڼĶҋ̝ܼ ᓑٺಶฟؕ˞ĞMcDonald, 2018: 52-53ğĄ၆ܐᛉົ̝ڱѐऱҹཏफјϲϲ ᛉڱЪ઼۞͞९Ăऱҹཏफ֭Ϗࢬᓜതϔᄃ፾ϲ̝ม۞ԭፄĂऱҹཏफϲ ᛉڱᛉົ١඗Ąϲזķ۞೩ᛉĂ፾ϲᏴีዎڼĶႽΞਕԆፋ̰ొҋצତົ

ѐ 8 ͡Ă৸ҘᜋᄃҘᖠᇝֲᘪࢎĺ̓р୧ࡗĻĞTreaty of FriendshipğĂ1997 ѐĂҘᖠ 1962 4 ᇝֲՀԼ઼ЩࠎᖠᇝֲĞSamoağĄ ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ 95

Ą׀ᔵ൒՟ѣ೩̷ֻ၁ΞҖ۞೩ᛉĂ˵֭ϏЯੑ߆ӀৈᏴፄᄃ৸ҘᜋЪົ ऱҹཏफᏴፄܲхҋ̎᝭ๆ۞ϔ୉֗ЊĞMcDonald, 2018: 64-65ğĄЯࠎĂ ऱҹཏफຐგநҋ̎۞ְચĂலౣऱҹཏफдгநă።Ϋăགྷᑻ׶ۤົඈ ᆸࢬౌᄃ৸Ҙᜋၟ൒̙ТĞAikman, et al., 1999: 521ğĄ1963 ѐ 6 ͡Ă৸Ҙ ࢍ൪ĞAikman, et۞ڼѐᔙШ̰ొҋ 1965 ٺᛉົᅍ΍ڱШऱҹཏफϲعᜋ߆ ᛉົ̚ၣ΍৸Ҙᜋڱal., 1999: 557-61ğĄ৸Ҙᜋ۞ࢍထߏుՎଂऱҹཏफϲ ΃ેҖ؎ࣶפ৪३Ăјϲ˘࣎ऱҹཏफ̰ᅦعᛉ঻Ї߆ޙዸ૞ࣶĂ่૱۞ ົඈඈĞMcDonald, 2018: 65ğĄ ᏴፄҋϤᓑ༖۞ᙯܼĂઇࠎΝതϔ̼۞͞९Ąޢ৸Ҙᜋᄃऱҹཏफ౵ ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼߏдᓑЪ઼ٚᄮ˭௣ඕ̝݈ᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞തϔᙯܼ ĞQuentin-Baxter, 1999: 590ğĄ ѐ 11 ͡ 17 ͟ĂдᓑЪ઼۞ᅃጱ˭Ă৸Ҙᜋ઼ົ఼࿅ 1964 ѐĺ ऱ 1964 ϔا९ĻĞCook Islands Constitution Act 1964ğĂ֭дऱҹཏफڱڱҹཏफጳ ϔĄاග༊гٸᝋӀᛖڼĂ૟ྍཏफ۞ҋޢᛉ̂Ᏼ̝ົڱѐԆјϲ 1965 ٺ ऱҹཏफᄃ৸ҘᜋҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼٺ९Ļѣೀ࣎ᙯڱڱĺ1964 ѐऱҹཏफጳ ߏऱҹཏफ۞ڱăĞbğऱҹཏफ۞ጳ۞ڼࢦࢋఢؠĈĞağऱҹཏफߏҋ۞ ЇңఢؠĂӮ̙ᇆᜩ৸Ҙᜋ̃۞̚ڱăĞcğ၆γְચ׶઼֨дώޠڱ౵੼ ͳੳ˭၆ऱҹཏफঘγְચ׶઼֨۞యЇăĞdğॲፂ 1948ĺ̂ࡻ઼ᚱ̈́৸ ĻĞBritish Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948ğĂώڱҘᜋ઼ᚱ ЇңఢؠӮ̙ᇆᜩЇңˠүࠎࡻ઼Ҋϔٕ৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔ۞гҜ۞ڱ ᛉᏴົڱĞMcDonald, 2018: 71-72ğĄ1965 ѐ 4 ͡ 20 ͟ĂऱҹཏफԆјϲ ९ĻĞCook Islandsڱ࣒ϒڱᓝĂТѐ 7 ͡ 26 ͟Ă৸Ҙᜋ఼࿅ĺऱҹཏफጳ ϔ৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔ̶֗ĂΞͽҋاConstitution Amendment ActğĂኬ̟ऱҹཏफ Ϥซ΍৸ҘᜋĂ҃ऱҹཏफᄃ৸Ҙᜋ̝ม݋ͽҋϤᓑЪĞfree associationğ ݭၗЪүĂऱҹཏफ઼छ̮ࢵߏϿఆ௻Ϩ˟͵̃ͳĂ֭ͷ౅࿅Ᏼᓝՙؠ۞ ᝋӀĂҭдγొְચ˯Ă݋ߏڼጾѣԆፋ۞ҋعĄऱҹཏफ߆عҋ̎۞߆ Ϥ৸ҘᜋֽႾ༛׎γϹᄃ઼֨͞ࢬ۞ְચĄ1965 ѐ 8 ͡ 4 ͟Ăऱҹཏफૄ Ąາጳ߆ೱֽԆፋ۞̰ᅦăڼ଀˞̰ొ۞ҋפᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼĂٺ ր௚ඈඈĄ̃ͳߏ઼छ۞̮ࢵĂͽ̈́˘Ҝ৸Ҙᜋ޽ڱᛉົă፾ϲ۞Φڱϲ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 96

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৸ऄд఍நͅതϔ̼۞ᛉᗟ˯Ă৸ऄˠࢵАԓ୕ܲ঻৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱٺᙯ ᖣͽܲᅪ৸ऄˠ۞ซˢ৸Ҙᜋ۞ᝋӀĂЯࠎ΁ࣇ۞ధкᏐˠд৸Ҙᜋ̍ү ׶Ϡ߿Ąௐ˟ߏ৸ҘᜋܲᙋᚶᜈШྍफ೩ֻੑ߆׶Җ߆೯ӄĂܲᅪ৸ऄˠ Ϡ߿ͪ໤Ąௐˬߏჯ޺৸ऄˠҋ̎۞֗ЊĂჯ޺ҋ̎۞Ϡ߿͞ёᄃგந۞ ҋְ̎ચĞQuentin-BaxtTer, 1971: 5ğĄ Ҷࠎࡻ઼ކ৸ऄ׶ऱҹཏफ˘ᇹѣᙷҬ۞።Ϋ྽ྮĄ৸ऄд 1900 ѐజ Ăд 1974 ѐ̝݈Ă৸ऄ˘ۡߏ৸Ҙᜋ׀઼᜕Ă֭д 1901 ѐజ৸Ҙᜋӌܲ തϔᅳгĄ৸ऄˠညऱҹཏफˠ˘ᇹĂܲ঻˞৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱĄ৸ऄд 1974۞ Ă֣ڼѐड़ϼऱҹཏफĂតј৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖˘ࣶĂјࠎ˘࣎፾ϲ۞ҋ ,ᄃऱҹཏफ˘ᇹĂෛ৸Ҙᜋ۞̃ͳੳ˭ࠎ৸ऄ۞઼छ̮ࢵĞTownend˵ ९ĻĞCook Islands Constitution Actڱڱ579ğĄĺ1964 ѐऱҹཏफጳ :2003 ९ĻĞNiue Constitution Act 1974ğௐ 5ڱڱ1964ğௐ 6 ୧׶ĺ1974 ѐ৸ऄጳ ĻĞBritish Nationality andڱѐĺ̂ࡻ઼ᚱ̈́৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱ 1948 ٺ୧ӮఢؠĈૄ ЇңఢؠӮ̙ᇆᜩЇ۞̚ڱ९ٕጳڱNew Zealand Citizenship Act 1948ğĂྍ ңˠүࠎࡻ઼Ҋϔٕ৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔ۞гҜĞFirth, 2013: 3ğĄॲፂ 1974 ѐ৸ऄ ৸ऄώгٺ߉Җ֭ޠڱࢎטĂ৸Ҙᜋ઼ົ̙ਕع߆ڼ९Ă৸ऄߏҋڱڱጳ ĞQuentin-Baxter, 1999: 588ğĄ ৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ጳ߆ᙯܼ׶ऱҹཏफᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ᙯܼᙷҬĂ఺࣎ጳ߆ ѐ 9 ͡ 3 ͟дᓑЪ઼Ⴞ༛˭۞̳Ը̚ԆјĞClark, 1980: 87ğĄ 1974 ٺᙯܼ मҾćಶऱҹ۞˯ޘᔵ൒ౌߏҋϤ֣Ă၁ᅫ˯Ăऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄᔘߏѣ඀ ܕ৸ऄĂऱҹཏफͧྵତٺдҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ˯Ă࠹ྵع߆ڼཏफ҃֏Ăҋ ፾ϲĞTownend, 2003: 582ğĄଂԛё˯Ăऱҹཏफѣ׌Ҝ̃ͳੳ˭۞΃ܑĂٺ ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ 97

࣎ߏऱҹཏफ۞̃ͳĞQueen’s Representativeğ΃ܑĂΩ˘Щߏऱҹཏफ˘ ᖎྵͧڶې৸ऄĂٺᓁ༛ĞGovernor-GeneralğĂүࠎ৸Ҙᜋ۞˘ొЊĄҌ ,ಏۡତĂᓁ༛ĞGovernor-Generalğಶߏ৸ऄ۞͹ᝋĞ̃ͳğ΃ܑĞTownend 2003: 583ğ5Ą ৸ऄٺ९ĻĞNiue Constitution Act 1974ğѣೀ࣎ᙯڱڱĺ1974 ѐ৸ऄጳ ߏڱăĞbğ৸ऄጳڼᄃ৸ҘᜋҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ۞ࢦࢋఢؠĂּтĞağ৸ऄҋ Їң۞ڱĂώڱăĞcğॲፂ 1948 ѐࡻ઼઼ᚱ׶৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱޠڱ৸ऄ۞౵੼ ఢؠӮ̙ᇆᜩЇңˠүࠎࡻ઼Ҋϔٕ৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔ۞гҜăĞdğ၆γְચ׶ ЇңఢؠӮ̙ᇆᜩ৸Ҙᜋ̃ͳੳ˭၆৸ऄঘγְચ׶઼֨۞̚ڱдώ઼֨ ᑕྍᚶᜈШ৸ऄ೩ֻυࢋ۞གྷᑻ׶Җ߆೯ӄăĞfğعయЇăĞeğ৸Ҙᜋ߆۞ عĂ޷໰ҋ̎߆ޢથם৸Ҙᜋ׶৸ऄ̝ม۞Ъүд৸Ҙᜋᓁநᄃ৸ऄᓁந ĻĞState Service Actڱચڇ߆ඉଯજຽચăĞgğ৸Ҙᜋॲፂ 1962 ѐĺ઼छ۞ 1962ğЇ׻৸Ҙᜋ৸ऄ΃ܑĂ৸Ҙᜋ΃ܑᑕዸ௛д৸ऄĂ֭ᑕߏ৸Ҙᜋ߆ д৸ऄ۞΃ܑĞMcDonald, 2018: 96-97ğĄ1975 ѐĂᓑЪ઼ϒёԲࣞ৸ऄع ᛉĞFirth, 1989: 79ğĄםᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖

肆、自由聯盟關係下的自由邦內部關係

ऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄᔵ൒ౌߏ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤ֣Ăҭ၁ᅫ˯Ăऱҹཏफᄃ৸ ѩ۞჌୉˵̙ТĂऱҹཏफϔߏͨӀˠࠎ͹វĂ৸كऄ۞ᓑᘭ̙֭૜̷Ă ऄफϔ݋ߏ֧ࠟκҘֲˠࠎ͹វĄ΁ࣇ۞ᙯܼాඕ͹ࢋߏᗕ͞࠰ѣࠎᇴி ҝд৸ҘᜋĂٕߏऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ۞ᗁᒚྤ໚ăିֈྤ໚ᄃಫاк۞̳ϔ ࠻Ă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ጳ߆ᙯܼྵֽڶې৸ҘᜋĄଂ၁ᅫٺચ͹ࢋֽҋڇវ ,࿰ზĞCrocombe & Crocombeعࠎ૜̷Ă৸Ҙᜋ೩ֻ˞৸ऄ̂ࡗ 75%۞߆ ಴ࢦĂЇң۞̶·זצυืڼĂҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ˯۞ҋ˯ڼ37ğĄд߆ :1990 થĞQuentin-Baxter, 1999: 594ğĄם̶·߆ඉ͞९ౌυืགྷ࿅ᗕ͞۞

ˢऱҹཏफĂјࠎऱҹཏफ˘ొЊĂГৼˢ৸Ҙᜋͳ઼ડĂѩ׀৸ऄд 1901 ѐజٺϤ 5 ҜลĂऱҹཏफѣ৸Ҙᜋͳ઼ᓁ༛ᄃࡻ઼̃ͳ΃ܑĂטҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ۞ጳ߆វז၁ᇆᜩְ ৸ऄ่ѣᓁ༛Ă֭൑ࡻ઼̃ͳ΃ܑĄ҃ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 98

טăҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ۞ጳ߆វ˘

ᙯܼѣᙷҬ఍Ă˵ֱ຋̙Т۞मטऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ጳ߆វ Ă̶ొ˘۞ڱ९Ļߏ৸Ҙᜋϲڱڱள఍Ąऱҹཏफ۞ 1964 ѐĺऱҹཏफጳ ऱҹٺĂ՟ѣЇңְଐΞͽᇆᜩ৸Ҙᜋ̃ͳĞӈࡻ઼̃ͳğ၆˭ڱдѩጳ Ă૟ᆹҖ఺ֱᖚయޢથםཏफ۞ᖚయĂ৸Ҙᜋᓁநᄃऱҹཏफ۞ᓁநд ĞFirth, 1989: 77ğĄ̙࿅Ăдᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ጳ߆ᙯܼ˭Ăऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄౌΞ ऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄౌຐ௲ᗓ৸ҘᜋĂҋϤᓑ༖఺ᆸጳ߆ڍͽҋϤгᗓฟĂт ᙯܼග̟ऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ˘࣎ᖎಏ۞ՎូಶΞͽјࠎ͹ᝋ፾ϲ۞઼छ ĞFirth, 1989: 78ğĄ γזĂϤफᑎᅳ˿ొ೩̿ܝ৸Ҙᜋ࢑య఍நऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄְચ۞ొ ˘ࢵѨјࠎޢѐ 8 ͡ 4 ͟ᄃ৸ҘᜋҋϤᓑ༖ 1965 ٺĄऱҹཏफొٽϹ׶෶ ߏफᑎᅳ˿ొĞDepartment ofܝ࢑యऱҹཏफ۞ొعॡĂ৸Ҙᜋ߆֣ڼ࣎ҋ ֣ڼѐ 10 ͡ 19 ͟ᄃ৸ҘᜋҋϤᓑ༖ࠎҋ 1974 ٺIsland TerritoriesğĄ৸ऄ ॡĂफᑎᅳ˿ొ̙̏ೇхдĂι۞ᖚయொϹගͨӀˠ׶फᑎְચొ۞फᑎ ᅳ˿ࡊĞIsland Territories Unit in the Department of Maori and Island ૟࢑య఍நҋϤᓑ༖۞ҋϤ֣ᖚعAffairsğĄ1974 ѐ 11 ͡ 8 ͟Ă৸Ҙᜋ߆ ķొٽԼЩࠎĶγϹ׶෶ֽޢయொϹගγϹొĞMinistry of Foreign AffairsĂ ĞMinistry of Foreign Affairs and TradeğĞQuentin-Baxter, 2008: 612ğĄ ৸Ҙᜋᄃऱҹཏफă৸ऄ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ሀёдЪүူҡ̝มܲ঻˞ࢦࢋ ٚᄮ઼छ̮ࢵ̪൒ߏ৸Ҙᜋ۞̃ͳੳڱጳ۞֣ڼඕĈĞ1ğҋాޘטጳ߆۞ ٚᏚĂعˠϔֶ׎ᝋӀ̪൒ߏ৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔćĞ3ğ৸Ҙᜋ߆֣ڼćĞ2ğҋ˭ ˘݈̝ڼдϒёҋ֣ڼ೩ֻੑ߆׶׎΁͚޺ĂтТҋع߆֣ڼ૟ᚶᜈШҋ ׶߆ඉਕͅߍֽҋВТ̳ϔ֗Њ۞ВТޠڱ۞عᇹćͽ̈́Ğ4ğഇ୕׌઼߆ ᆊࣃĞQuentin-Baxter, 2008: 613ğĄ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ሀё۞ጳ߆ࢬШĂᑕ ཏវ̳ڼ৸ҘᜋЧ߆۞̚عྍజෛࠎ˘჌ૄώጳౢĂఢؠ˞Ϡ߿д̙Т߆ ˘ཏវ̪൒ၹјڼߙֱϫ۞ĂЧ߆ٺϔ̝ม࠹̢ᓑᘭ۞ᝋӀ׶ཌྷચćҭ΍ ၁វĄ఺ֱᝋӀ׶ཌྷચ̙ߏϤҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼٙ౹ౄ΍ֽĂ҃ڼ࣎ಏ˘۞߆ ͹ᝋ˘ࣶĂ֭јࠎ৸Ҙᜋ˘ొ̶ॡಶވͳٺߏЯࠎफᑎٕफᑎཏវдТᛳ ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ 99

Ă৸Ҙᜋ̚ڱᄃϠֽ࣌۞ĞQuentin-Baxter, 2008: 613ğĄд఺ֱҋϤ֣۞ጳ ,ͳੳ˭ᚶᜈઇࠎ৸Ҙᜋᄃ׎΁ҋϤ֣۞઼छ̮ࢵĞQuentin-Baxter̃۞ 2008: 614ğĄ Ăҭ݈೩ߏ৸ऄᛉڱᛉᗟ˯Ă৸Ҙᜋ઼ົΞͽࠎ৸ऄϲڱᄃΦڱдϲ ѣ˵ڱćऱҹཏफ۞ጳڱ৸ऄ̰ᅦࢋՐ৸ҘᜋăͷТຍ৸Ҙᜋࠎ׎ϲٕົ ᙷҬ۞ఢؠĂҭд 1981 ѐಶᆿੵѩี୧ഠĞTownend, 2003: 591ğĄॲፂऱ ءڱੰڱ׶˯෦ੰڱΞͽϤ৸Ҙᜋ੼ඈੰڱĂऱҹཏफ੼ඈڱҹཏफ۞ጳ Ąጐءڱੰڱ෦˯ٕੰڱυืҌ͌Β߁˘Щ৸Ҙᜋ੼ඈੰڱ௡јĂ҃˯෦ ᆶநੰڱॡ૱д৸ऄ˵ءڱቁఢؠĂҭ৸Ҙᜋځ՟ѣ̚ڱგ৸ऄ۞ጳ Ăੰڱ෦Ξజ೩ኛҌ৸Ҙᜋ౵੼˯۞ੰڱĞTownend, 2003: 590ğĄ৸ऄ੼ඈ Ąጐგऱҹཏޠڱࢎטͷ৸Ҙᜋ઼ົΞᑕ৸ऄ۞ኛՐᄃԲࣞ˭Ăࠎ৸ऄ֭ ඕၹ˯Ăҭ৸ऄफ۞ϲڼ׶׎າ۞߆ڼдҋٸᛉົ۞̍үࢦᕇ͹ࢋڱफϲ פᛉົপҾࢦෛᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ᙯܼĄࠎ˞ͅߍ৸ऄ۞ӀৈĂ৸ऄᛉົᅮࢋڱ ᙋĂপҾߏдυࢋ۞གྷᑻ׶Җ߆೯ӄܲ͞۞ع଀ᄃ৸ҘᜋՀкాඕᄃ߆ ࢬĄপҾߏĂ৸ऄˠ۞৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔ֗ЊĂֹܳ৸Ҙᜋࢋ၆৸ऄ̳ϔ࢑੓య ЇĞMcDonald, 2018: 102ğĄ

ӄ۞ܲᅪםă৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱᄃགྷᑻ˟

ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼࢦᕇߏܲᅪ׌֣࣎Ξ౅࿅ҋ ଀פϤᓑ༖ᙯܼଂ৸Ҙᜋᒔ଀౵̂۞ӀৈĂּтд৸ҘᜋϠ߿ᄃ̍үͽ̈́ ӄĞFirth, 2013: 3ğĄҋϤᓑ༖۞୧ഠٚᄮĂдҋϤ֣΍Ϡם৸Ҙᜋ۞൴ण ΃ĂΞ౅ޢ΍ϠдҋϤ֣۞ܧϔྤॾĄا˳ˠĂౌ׍ѣ৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱٕϖ۞ ࿅ͭϓ۞ాඕᙯܼĂᒔ଀৸Ҙᜋ̳ϔ۞֗ЊĞQuentin-Baxter, 2008: 614ğĄ д৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱ۞֗Њ̝˭Ăऱҹཏफϔᄃ৸ऄˠΞͽҋϤซ΍৸ҘᜋĂ̂ ৸ऄˠͽ̈́кᇴ۞ऱҹཏफϔᗓฟ΁ࣇ۞फᑎ֭ͷҝд৸Ҙᜋ۞̶ొ ৸Ҙـ৸ऄ۞ˠ˾͌Ăགྷᑻវ˵̈Ă৸ऄˠᏴፄ݈ٺĞFirth, 1989: 90ğĄϤ ព۞੒ځкĄధк৸ऄˠд৸Ҙᜋ̍үĂ၆৸Ҙᜋགྷᑻѣ૱ܧᜋ̍ү۞ˠ ᚥĂТॡ˵Ԭዳ˞д৸ऄ۞छˠĄፂѩĂ৸ऄˠጾѣ৸Ҙᜋ઼ᚱĂ఺၆ܲ ࢦࢋ۞ᙯᔣĞQuentin-Baxter, 1999: 591ğĄޝᅪ৸ऄˠ۞གྷᑻϠ߿ߏ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 100

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伍、庫克群島與紐埃的國際地位

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Ҿд 1992 ѐ̈́ 1994 ѐ̶Ҿٚᄮऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄߏ׍౯ᘪࢎ୧ࡗྤॾ۞̶ ઼छĞUnited Nations, 1994: 10ğĄ ಶγϹᙯܼᛉᗟֽኘĂऱҹཏफҌ 2018 ѐࠎͤĂᄃ 52 ઼࣎छѣϒё ϲޙγϹᙯܼĂ3 ઼࣎छѣᅳְᙯܼć৸ऄҋ 2019 ѐࠎͤĂ˵ᄃ 22 ઼࣎छ ϒёγϹᙯܼ8ĄГͽܑ 1 ֽ࠻Ăੵ˞ᓑЪ઼ٙᛳ۞௡ᖐγĂऱҹཏफߏֲ ߷ฟ൴ᅙҖᄃ͉π߶फᑎኢጪ۞ົ઼ࣶĂ৸ऄ݋ߏ͉π߶फᑎኢጪ۞ົࣶ ઼Ąտౣऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄߏ̙ߏ˘઼࣎छĉଂᓑЪ઼ܢᛳ௡ᖐણᄃă઼ᅫ ϹĂͽ̈́ᓑЪ઼۞ 1994 ѐ͛Іֽ࠻Ăддౌពϯޙ௡ᖐણᄃăᄃ׎΁઼छ ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ۞ሀٺऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄߏ׍౯͹ᝋ፾ϲ۞઼छྤॾćҭϤ ҋϤᓑ༖۞ጳ߆ᙯܼĂٺ׍౯Ԇፋ፾ϲ͹ᝋ۞઼छćপҾߏĂૄܧ֭˫ёĂ ৸Ҙᜋጾѣ఍நऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ۞઼֨ᄃγϹĄ

ܑ 1Ĉ઼ᅫ௡ᖐົ઼ࣶྤॾ

ᅫఱ။ ֲ߷ฟ൴ ͉π߶઼ ઼ छ ͵ࠧᅙҖ ᓑ Ъ ઼ ૄܛົ ᅙҖ फᑎኢጪ ऱҹཏफ No No Yes No Yes ৸ऄ No No No No Yes ໚ĈFirthĞ2013: 5ğĄֽ

陸、結論

തϔг۞̈फᑎٕٺдᓑЪ઼ଯજΝതϔ̼߆ඉॡĂѣధкࣧώಶᛳ ᚶᜈܲ޺തϔᙯܼ̙҃ߏԆፋ۞͹ᝋ፾ϲĄଂऱҹཏफᄃ৸ٺཏफౌ้Ш ऄ۞९ּֽ࠻ĂҋϤᓑ༖உᄏ˞ˬ࣎ૄώ۞୧ІĂࢵАĂࣧതϔϓ઼ͧҋ ੼ĂਕֻᑕҋϤ֣ᗝγ۞གྷᑻă઼֨ඈӀৈĂޘϤᓑ༖۞ҋϤ֣གྷᑻ൴ण඀ ྍ֣ˠϔֳѣࣧϓ઼Тඈ۞ᝋӀĄ׎Ѩăΐ༖۞ҋϤ֣ώ֗ᔵߏऴ๕ֹٕ

ऱҹཏफഅགྷᄃ׎΁઼छ቙ඕ୧ࡗĂּт 1980 ѐĂऱҹཏफᄃ઼࡚቙ඕ୧ࡗĂထ୻ᄃ 8 ᛳڱᘪཌ୧ࡗĂထؠऱҹཏफ׶઼ڱ࡚ᛳᖠᇝֲ۞ঔાࠧቢĄ1990 ѐĂऱҹཏफ˵ᄃ ጡ୧ࡗĄڠ֧ࠟκҘֲ̝ม۞ᙝࠧĄ2017 ѐĂऱҹཏफᘪཌ˞ᓑЪ઼۞༰ͤ८̄ ऱҹཏफă৸ऄᄃ৸Ҙᜋ۞ҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ 103

ᇴ୉ཏĂҭ̪ܲѣ፾প۞̼͛ᄮТ֭ͽѩࠎๆĂ١඗జТ̼ঐεј΁઼͌ ϔĄௐˬăҋϤ֣۞гநҜཉѣ׎ࢦࢋّĂт઼֨ăડાщБٕҋ൒ྤ઼ ୢЇ׎፾ϲĄѩγĂҋٸٽ໚Ăࣧതϔϓ઼дγϹᄃ઼֨۞Ӏৈ˯̙ົᅅ ડࠎЩ۞ĶЩཌྷڼ༊΃т઼̚ͽপડٕҋܧ˵Ϥ֣̙֭ߏ˘ਠ۞തϔгĂ វĂ˵ጾѣҋϤՙؠ۞ᝋ˧ĂΞᐌॡᄃϓ઼ڼķܲᅪĂҋϤ֣ߏ፾ϲ߆˯ ୢԆٸѩ۞ᓑ༖҃፾ϲĄͽऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄࠎּĂ΁ࣇكঐפјࠎᓑ༖ٕ Б፾ϲĂᖣͽᒔ଀৸Ҙᜋ۞᜕ܲĂ͹ࢋߏࠎ˞གྷᑻӀৈٕ׎΁ӀৈĄ༊൒Ă ΁ࣇᄃ৸ҘᜋҋϤᓑ༖ᙯٺऱҹཏफ׶৸ऄफ̏གྷ̙ߏതϔгĂҭߏĂϤ ߏԆБ፾ϲĂЯѩΞͽజ͔ϡࠎѨ઼छ۞फᑎ֣۞გᔑᝋ઼ٕᅫг̙ܼ҃ Ҝ۞ቑּĄಶᓑЪ઼۞Νതϔ̼୧ІࢋՐֽ࠻Ă৸Ҙᜋᄃऱҹཏफă৸ऄ ᜈ۞൴णֽ៍၅ĂҋϤᓑޢᓑЪ઼۞ഇ୕ć҃ಶ˞זдҋϤᓑ༖ᙯܼ྿۞ Ă෹΍˞ࣧώ۞࿰ഇĄऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄᔵޘ༖ᙯܼ۞̰ొԼតᄃ߆ඉី߿ ߏϤ৸Ҙᜋ࢑య઼֨̈́γϹĂਈ෱࿝ྤ۞઼֨ԆБϤ৸Ҙ˯ט൒дጳ߆វ ᜋٚፉĂҭऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄ݋ߏдγϹᄃ઼ᅫ۩ม˯֕΍˞˘୧ྮĂ׌࣎ ΐˢ˞ᓑЪ઼ᔑ˭۞௡ᖐĂ˵ΐˢ˞ͽ͹ᝋ઼छࠎ͹វ۞͉π߶फ่̙֣ ᑎኢጪĄдགྷᑻӀৈ˯Ăऱҹཏफˠᄃ৸ऄˠጾѣ৸Ҙᜋ઼̳ϔ۞֗ЊΞ ͽд৸ҘᜋϠ߿ă̍үĂ႕֖གྷᑻᅮՐ̈́໰ᜪдछฏ۞छˠĂТॡ˵ܲ޺ ࣧѣ۞ϔ୉֗Њă።Ϋ̼͛ᄃᄮТĄଂӀৈ៍ᕇֽ࠻ĂҋϤᓑ༖఺ᆸጳ˞ ୢԆБ፾ϲݒٸ߆ᙯܼࠎˠ˾̙кă˿г̙̂ăྤ໚̙·՗۞फᑎ҃֏Ă Ăऱҹཏफă৸ऄژΞਕᒔ଀Հ੼۞ӀৈĄტЪགྷᑻӀৈᄃ઼ᅫгҜ۞̶ ϒёΐˢᓑЪ઼̝ڱѣ৸Ҙᜋ۞གྷᑻăੑ߆೯ӄͽ઼᜕̈́֨ܲĂੵ˞൑ֳ ϲޙγĂϫ݈̏ਕΐˢк࣎ͽ͹ᝋ઼छࠎ͹វ۞઼ᅫ௡ᖐĂ֭ᄃ׎΁઼छ ϲҋϤᓑ༖۞ጳ߆ᙯܼޙऱҹཏफᄃ৸ऄᏴፄᄃ৸ҘᜋܐγϹᙯܼĂଂ༊ ෞҤĂ఺ᆸᙯܼҬͼߏ˘̙࣎᏾۞ᏴፄĄֽ

104 《台灣國際研究季刊》第 16 卷、第 3 期（2020/秋季號）

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ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 106

Cook Islands and Niue’s Relationships of Free Association with New Zealand

Chien-Jung Hsu Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Taiwan and Regional Studies National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, TAIWAN

Abstract

After 1945, the United Nations began to actively shape the agenda of decolonization. The Cook Islands and Niue, which were former colonial territories of New Zealand, did not seek independence. Instead, they formed a special political relationship with New Zealand entitled “free association,” and continued to cooperate with New Zealand in the form of an autonomous state. An assessment of economic, defense and diplomacy shows that, while the Cook Islands and Niue are not fully independent countries, the political flexibility and policy of “free association” have nevertheless protected the interests of the Cook Islands and Niue.

Keywords: Cook Islands, Niue, New Zealand, free association