Population Reports. Series K, Number 14
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The Influence of Hypothalamic Steroid Implants on Ovulation and Ovarian Growth and Function in the Iguanid Lizard, Sceleporus Cyanogenys
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1970 The Influence of Hypothalamic Steroid Implants on Ovulation and Ovarian Growth and Function in the Iguanid Lizard, Sceleporus cyanogenys William F. McConnell College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Physiology Commons Recommended Citation McConnell, William F., "The Influence of Hypothalamic Steroid Implants on Ovulation and Ovarian Growth and Function in the Iguanid Lizard, Sceleporus cyanogenys" (1970). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539624685. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-1smx-cy32 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE INFLUENCE OF HYPOTHALAMIC STEROID IMPLANTS ON OVULATION AND OVARIAN GROWTH AND FUNCTION IN THE IGUANID LIZARD, SCELOPORUS CYANOGENYS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Biology The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By William F. McConnell 1970 ProQuest Number: 10625114 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
Population Reports
Population Reports Series B Number 3 May 1979 Reprinted January i980 INTRAUTERINE DEVICES Population Information Program, The Johns Hopkins University, Hampton House, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 , USA IUDs- Update on Safety, Effectiveness, and Research Summary. After nearly two decades of use, the IU D remains " a does the latest permutation of device. With this recognition, generally safe, effective and useful form of birth control " (337). attention is now focusing on specific techniques of insertion, With fewer than si x pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use training of personnel, and conscientious follow-up. The result and fewer than ten deaths per one million woman-years of use, has been improved performance over the years with the first according to a comprehensive new review by the United States generation of IUDs, especially the Lippes Loop, which for the Food and Drug Administration, the IUD has an important place la st decade has been the standard device against which others in modern famil y planning programs. were measured . The number of women using IUDs is growing slowly but stead To ensure best results, proper insertion is crucial. The IUD ily. Most extensive use is in the People's Republic of China, must be inserted gently and high into the uterine fundus. New where visitors have been told that half or more of all those measuring devices ma y well facilitate selection and precise using contraception have accepted IUDs. In Korea and placement of the right size of device. For postpartum use, a Taiwan, where successful programs have been underway since longer inserter or even hand insertion may be most effective. -
35 Cyproterone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets 2 Mg/0
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH INCLUDING PATIENT MEDICATION INFORMATION PrCYESTRA®-35 cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol tablets 2 mg/0.035 mg THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION Acne Therapy Paladin Labs Inc. Date of Preparation: 100 Alexis Nihon Blvd, Suite 600 January 17, 2019 St-Laurent, Quebec H4M 2P2 Version: 6.0 Control # 223341 _____________________________________________________________________________________________ CYESTRA-35 Product Monograph Page 1 of 48 Table of Contents PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION ....................................................................... 3 SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION ............................................................................................. 3 INDICATION AND CLINICAL USE ..................................................................................................... 3 CONTRAINDICATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 3 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ....................................................................................................... 4 ADVERSE REACTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 13 DRUG INTERACTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 16 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ................................................................................................ 20 OVERDOSAGE .................................................................................................................................... -
Contraception: Choosing the Right Method for You
Contraception: Choosing the Right Method for You Megan Sax, MD and James L. Whiteside, MD What’s available? Choosing a method of contraception can be overwhelming. The most commonly used methods of reversible contraception in the United States are: hormonal methods the intrauterine device (IUD) the implant barrier methods (e.g. male condom)1 Friends, family, and the Internet are full of stories of failed contraception or bad reactions and these stories can have a big influence that doesn’t always line up with the facts.2 However, knowing these facts is critical to figuring out what type will work best for you. Highly Effective Contraception The best place to start in choosing your contraception is to determine when, if ever, you are planning on starting a family. If you do not wish to become pregnant in the next year, a Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) device may be a good option. LARCs include an implant placed under the skin of the upper, inner arm (brand name Nexplanon) and the IUD. IUDs are placed inside the uterus (see Figure 1). They use copper (brand name ParaGard) or hormones (brand names: Mirena, Lilleta, Skyla, Kyleena) to stop a pregnancy from happening. LARCs are the most effective reversible form of contraception. Less than 1% of users experience unintended pregnancy during the first year of use.3 Currently, the implant Nexplanon is effective for 3 years. The hormonal IUD may be used for 3 to 5 years, depending on the brand. The copper IUD works for 10 years. These devices are inserted and removed by a medical care provider. -
F.8 Ethinylestradiol-Etonogestrel.Pdf
General Items 1. Summary statement of the proposal for inclusion, change or deletion. Here within, please find the evidence to support the inclusion Ethinylestradiol/Etonogestrel Vaginal Ring in the World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines List (EML). Unintended pregnancy is regarded as a serious public health issue both in developed and developing countries and has received growing research and policy attention during last few decades (1). It is a major global concern due to its association with adverse physical, mental, social and economic outcomes. Developing countries account for approximately 99% of the global maternal deaths in 2015, with sub-Saharan Africa alone accounting for roughly 66% (2). Even though the incidence of unintended pregnancy has declined globally in the past decade, the rate of unintended pregnancy remains high, particularly in developing regions. (3) Regarding the use of contraceptive vaginal rings, updated bibliography (4,5,6) states that contraceptive vaginal rings (CVR) offer an effective contraceptive option, expanding the available choices of hormonal contraception. Ethinylestradiol/Etonogestrel Vaginal Ring is a non-biodegradable, flexible, transparent with an outer diameter of 54 mm and a cross-sectional diameter of 4 mm. It contains 11.7 mg etonogestrel and 2.7 mg ethinyl estradiol. When placed in the vagina, each ring releases on average 0.120 mg/day of etonogestrel and 0.015 mg/day of ethinyl estradiol over a three-week period of use. Ethinylestradiol/Etonogestrel Vaginal Ring is intended for women of fertile age. The safety and efficacy have been established in women aged 18 to 40 years. The main advantages of CVRs are their effectiveness (similar or slightly better than the pill), ease of use without the need of remembering a daily routine, user ability to control initiation and discontinuation, nearly constant release rate allowing for lower doses, greater bioavailability and good cycle control with the combined ring, in comparison with oral contraceptives. -
Pharmacy and Poisons (Third and Fourth Schedule Amendment) Order 2017
Q UO N T FA R U T A F E BERMUDA PHARMACY AND POISONS (THIRD AND FOURTH SCHEDULE AMENDMENT) ORDER 2017 BR 111 / 2017 The Minister responsible for health, in exercise of the power conferred by section 48A(1) of the Pharmacy and Poisons Act 1979, makes the following Order: Citation 1 This Order may be cited as the Pharmacy and Poisons (Third and Fourth Schedule Amendment) Order 2017. Repeals and replaces the Third and Fourth Schedule of the Pharmacy and Poisons Act 1979 2 The Third and Fourth Schedules to the Pharmacy and Poisons Act 1979 are repealed and replaced with— “THIRD SCHEDULE (Sections 25(6); 27(1))) DRUGS OBTAINABLE ONLY ON PRESCRIPTION EXCEPT WHERE SPECIFIED IN THE FOURTH SCHEDULE (PART I AND PART II) Note: The following annotations used in this Schedule have the following meanings: md (maximum dose) i.e. the maximum quantity of the substance contained in the amount of a medicinal product which is recommended to be taken or administered at any one time. 1 PHARMACY AND POISONS (THIRD AND FOURTH SCHEDULE AMENDMENT) ORDER 2017 mdd (maximum daily dose) i.e. the maximum quantity of the substance that is contained in the amount of a medicinal product which is recommended to be taken or administered in any period of 24 hours. mg milligram ms (maximum strength) i.e. either or, if so specified, both of the following: (a) the maximum quantity of the substance by weight or volume that is contained in the dosage unit of a medicinal product; or (b) the maximum percentage of the substance contained in a medicinal product calculated in terms of w/w, w/v, v/w, or v/v, as appropriate. -
PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to the TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2020) Revision 19 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2020) Revision 19 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names INN which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. -
History of Contraception Malcolm Potts and Martha Campbell Vol
History of Contraception Malcolm Potts and Martha Campbell Vol. 6, Chp. 8, Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2002 INTRODUCTION The factors controlling human fertility and the development of rational therapies to limit births are not necessarily more difficult to understand than the isolation and cure of bacterial diseases. The surgery of voluntary sterilization or early abortion is intrinsically simpler than the treatment of appendicitis or the forceps delivery of a baby. Yet fertility regulation has diffused less rapidly through society than the means to cure disease and prevent death. This imbalance has generated an explosion in global population that is difficult to accommodate, and it has contributed to great inequalities in wealth and untold personal misery. Useful insights into current problems can be gained by looking at the history of contraceptive practice. The aim of this chapter is to document the historical diapause between the acquisition and the application of relevant biologic knowledge to birth control; to analyze the historical factors affecting the delay; and to suggest that early 19th and 20th century attitudes toward contraception in the West are still palpable and cast their shadows over global events in the 21st century. IN THE BEGINNING Homo sapiens evolved to be a slowing breeding animal. Prehistoric societies, like the few preliterate societies that remain, probably had total fertility rates of 4 to 6.1 Approximately half the children who were born died before they could reproduce, and population grew slowly. Puberty was in the upper teens, babies were breastfed for 3 to 4 years, and pregnancies were therefore naturally spaced by long intervals of amenorrhea. -
Joint IGCC/IFRP East and South East Asia Seminar on Regional Fertility Research, Bangkok, Thailand, 1979 1979 219P. FA301.32.161
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SEET 1. CONTROL NUMBER 2. SUBJECT CLASSIIICATION (695) BIB-~r7LOGRAP -AD DATA SPN AAH-605 PCOO-0000-G570 3. TITLE AND SUPTrtLE (240) Joint IGCC/IFRP East and South East Asia Seminar on Regional Fertility Research, Bangkok, Thailand, 1979 4. PERSONAL AUTHORS (100) 5. CORPORATE AUTHORS (101) Int. Fertility Research Program 6. DOCUMENT DATE (110) 7. NUMBER OF PAGES (120) 8. ARC NUMBER (170) 1979 219p. FA301.32.161 9. REFERENCE ORGANIZATION (130) I FRP 10. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (500) 11. ABSTRACT (950) 12. DESCRIPTORS (920) Contraceptives 13. PROJECT NUMBER (150) Fertility Maternal/child health 932053700 Meetings Southeast Asia East AsiaHealth 14. CONTRACT NO.(140 ) 15.CONTRAC TYPEh(G40) Family planning Dealie systems Nutrition Delivery systems AID/pha-C-1172 16. TYPE OF DOCUMENT (160) AID 590-7 (10-79) CONTENTS Page 1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................ 1 II. INTRODUCTION ............................. 2 III. FOREW ORD ................................. 3 IV. ADDRESSES ................................ 4 Paper 1 (ii) Welcome Address By Dr. Somboon Vachrotai .............. 4 Paper 2 (ii) Opening Address By His Excellency, Dr. Krasae Chanawongse, Deputy Minister of Public Health ......... 5 Paper 3 (iii) Introductory Statement By Dr. Malcolm Potts ................. 6 Paper 4 (iv) Introductory Statement By Dr. L.S. Sodhy ................... 8 Paper5 (v) Closing Remarks By Dr. Somboon Vachrotai ............. 9 V. Paper6 AIDE MEMOIRE ............................... 10 VI. Paper7 AGENDA FOR THE WORKSHOP ................. 12 VII. SUMMARY OF PROCEEDINGS .................. 14 VIII. GROUP SESSIONS ........................... 27 IX. COUNTRY PAPERS ........................... 36 Paper 8 (i) Indonesia ............................ 36 Paper 9 (ii) Malaysia ............................. 45 Paper 10 (iii) Nepal ............................... 54 Paper 11 (iv) Philippines ........................... 59 Paper 12 (v) Singapore ............................ 32 Paper 13 (vi) Horg Kong .... ...................... 63 Paper 14 (vii) Japan ............................... -
The Inhaled Steroid Ciclesonide Blocks SARS-Cov-2 RNA Replication by Targeting Viral
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.22.258459; this version posted August 24, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 The inhaled steroid ciclesonide blocks SARS-CoV-2 RNA replication by targeting viral 2 replication-transcription complex in culture cells 3 4 Shutoku Matsuyamaa#, Miyuki Kawasea, Naganori Naoa, Kazuya Shiratoa, Makoto Ujikeb, Wataru 5 Kamitanic, Masayuki Shimojimad, and Shuetsu Fukushid 6 7 aDepartment of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan 8 bFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan 9 cDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense, Gunma University Graduate School of 10 Medicine, Gunma, Japan 11 dDepartment of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan. 12 13 Running Head: Ciclesonide blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication 14 15 #Address correspondence to Shutoku Matsuyama, [email protected] 16 17 Word count: Abstract 149, Text 3,016 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.22.258459; this version posted August 24, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 18 Abstract 19 We screened steroid compounds to obtain a drug expected to block host inflammatory responses and 20 MERS-CoV replication. Ciclesonide, an inhaled corticosteroid, suppressed replication of MERS-CoV 21 and other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19, in cultured cells. The 22 effective concentration (EC90) of ciclesonide for SARS-CoV-2 in differentiated human bronchial 23 tracheal epithelial cells was 0.55 μM. -
Hormonal Iuds Are Small ‘T- Shaped’ Plastic Devices That Are Inserted Into the Uterus (Womb)
HORMONAL INTRAUTERINE DEVICES (IUDs) – (Mirena and Kyleena) What are the hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs)? The hormonal IUDs are small ‘T- shaped’ plastic devices that are inserted into the uterus (womb). The hormonal IUDs contains progestogen. This is a synthetic version of the hormone progesterone made naturally by the ovaries. The hormonal IUDs have a coating (membrane) that controls the slow release of progestogen into the uterus. There are two different hormonal IUDs available in Australia. They are sold as Mirena and Kyleena. How effective are the hormonal IUDs? The hormonal IUDs are more than 99% effective at preventing pregnancy and can last for up to 5 years. They can be used for contraception until 55 years of age if inserted when you are 45 years of age or older. How does the hormonal IUD work? IUDs affect the way sperm move and survive in the uterus (womb), stopping sperm from meeting and fertilising an egg. IUDs can also change the lining of the uterus, making it difficult for a fertilised egg to stick to the lining to start a pregnancy. The hormonal IUDs also work by thickening the fluid around the cervix (opening to the uterus/womb). This helps to prevent sperm from entering. Sometimes the hormonal IUDs can also stop the ovaries from releasing an egg. What are differences between Mirena and Kyleena hormonal IUDs? Both Mirena and Kyleena are very effective methods of contraception that last for up to 5 years. Mirena is 99.9% effective and Kyleena is 99.7% effective. Mirena may be used until 55 years of age if inserted when you are 45 years of age or older, whereas Kyleena needs to be replaced every 5 years for all ages. -
The Clinical and Haematological Effects of Hormonal Contraception on Women with Sickle Cell Disease
THE CLINICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION ON WOMEN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE Asma Adam Eissa Institute for Women’s Health University College London Submitted in accordance with the requirements of University College London for the degree of MD (Research) 2013 I, Asma Adam Eissa, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 ABSTRACT Sickle cell disease (SCD) is known to be a prothrombotic condition; this is also true for combined hormonal contraceptives (HC), which increases the thrombotic risks in their users. Recently, Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) has been reported to carry increased risks of thrombosis Nonetheless, HC methods are efficacious and widely used while, pregnancy carries major risks for SCD women. Hence, there is a need for robust evidence about the safety or risks of HC in SCD and SCT to aid in the choice of contraceptive methods for these women. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that there are no additional clinical or haematological risks to SCD patients and women with SCT using hormonal contraceptive methods that is over and above those inherent in their SCD and SCT status. This is a multi-centre, prospective cohort study, which looked at and compared clinical complications, haemostatic and haematological markers in 68 women with SCD, 22 women with SCT and 27 similar women with normal haemoglobin. In conclusion a two year follow-up of women with SCD using Combined Oral Contraception (COC) found no incidence of Venous Thrombo Embolism (VTE) in these women and the occurrence of other clinical complications, such as sickle-cell crises, the need for blood transfusion and hospital admissions were minimal.