January 10, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 77
A. Stitt & Hemmendinger, 1000 Connecti A. Wheat Consumers Committee, 1012 14th A. Joseph M. Wyatt, 501 Keyser Building, cut Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. Street NW., Washington, D .C. l?altimore, Md. B . Unione Industriale Prato, Prato, Italy; B. Roadside Business Assoclation, 1430 Maylis Associates, 200 West 34th Street, New A. Wilkinson, Cragun & Barker, 1616 H Rand Tower, Minneapolis, Minn. York, N.Y. Street NW., Washingt on, D .C. B. O'Connor, Green, Thomas & Walters, A. Surrey, K ar asik, Gould & Greene, 1116 508 Federal Bar Building, Washington, D.C. A. Howard E. Young, 4622 Creek Shore Woodward Building, Washington, D.C. Drive, Rockville, Md. A. Morton M. Winston. B. Best Universal Lock Co., Inc., 6161 East B. Associated Sugar Producers of Guade B. Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton, 224 75th Street, Indianapolis, Ind. loupe and Martinique, Bolte Postale 175, Southern Building, Washington, D.C. Points-a-Pitre, Guadeloupe. A. Hal J. Wright, 1612 K Street NW., Wash A. Lester L. Zosel, 400 First Street NW., A. Ralph L. Tabor. ington, D.C. Washington, D.C. B. American Automobile Association, 1712 B. Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey), 30 B. Brotherhood of Railway & Steamship G Street NW., Washington, D.C. Rockefeller Pla za , New York, N.Y. Clerks, 1015 Vine Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
A Salute to the Union of Burma Labor Organization and the Food and My bill would give both industry and Agricultural Organization. Government time to review fully results Symbolic of Burma's engagement in that are likely to flow from a proposed EXTENSION OF REMARKS international relations is U Thant, Bur price increase in a basic industry. It will OF mese citizen and presently the Secretary provide a forum in which private inter General of the United Nations. For ests and officials charged with Govern HON. ADAM C. POWELL merly a Burm.ese ciVil servant, he is the ment responsibilities can have freedom OF NEW YORK first citizen from the developing nations to act. to serve in this important post. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Four times in the last 3 years the Presi In addition to efforts to promote inter dent of the United States has been con Monday, January 10, 1966 national harmony, Burma seeks forms fronted with announcements that com Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, on Jan of social, political, and economic order panies in industries basic to the well uary 4, the Union of Burma celebrated so that the Burmese people can enjoy being of the entire economy were going the 17th anniversary of her independ national unity and economic prosperity. to raise prices, in the face of and not ence. Today it gives me great pleasure General Ne Win, Chairman of the Revo withstanding the concern of the Presi to extend heartiest congratulations, be lutionary Council of Burma, has sought dent's economic advisers that excessive latedly since the Congress was not in to solve many of his country's problems inflationary pressures necessarily would session, to His Excellency General N e through a plan known as the Socialist result. In 1962, the steel industry pro Win, Chairman of the Revolutionary economic system for Burma. This proj posed such a price rise, and in 1965 the Council of the Union of Burma; to His ect calls for the nationalizatio~1. of such aluminum and copper industries tried to Excellency U On Sein, the present Bur activities as industries, mines, and banks. increase prices in an inflationary man mese Ambassador to the United States; Illustrative of this is the recent Govern ner. In 1966, elements of the steel indus and also to His Excellency U Tun Win, ment move to take over the administra try wanted a price hike in structural who will become the new Burmese Am tion of many civil hospitals and health steel, which according to the President's bassador to the United States very soon. centers in order to maintain uniform economic advisers, would have been in health service throughout the country. The peoples of the world have long flationary, and injurious to the economy. Another example of the nation's effort In each instance the President has had been fascinated with this beautiful and to achieve economic well-being is a 5- mysterious land. To her neighbors in his busy schedule abruptly disorganized,. year plan for construction of a hugh and has had to resort to vigorous action India Burma is known as the golden pen dockyard at Sinmalaik on the Hlaing insula because of the large reserves of to safeguard the interests of all of the River. Burmese students are being sent people. uncrowded land and forests and plentiful abroad for training in dockyard man minerals and gems. Rudyard Kipling Such confrontations between the Presi agement so that when the dockyard i.3 dent and industry are undesirable, de expressed the Englishman's wonderment completed, there will be enough trained with Burma in his poem "Mandalay": structive, and are incompatible with or Burmese to run it efficiently. jerly Government-business relationships. Come you back to Mandalay, Today we pause to send warmest The bill that I am sponsoring will ac Where the old flotilla lay: wishes to the Burmese people and to complish the following: Can't you 'ear their paddles chunkin' from reaffirm our belief that Burma's eco Rangoon to Mandalay? nomic and political growth as a free First. Provide a method to identify On the road to Mandalay, nation is important to southeast Asia basic industries in which the private Where the fiyin' fishes play, pricing action of one firm is of nation An' the dawn comes up like thunder outer and to all the countries of the free world. wide concern and is contrary to the in China 'crost the bay. terests of the public to avoid inflation. Burmese leaders characterize their na One standard relates total industry sales tion's policy in international affairs as Price Notice Bill to the gross national product. Informa one of nonalinement, or the determina tion needed to establish the precise per centage relationship on an informed tion to resist entanglement in either of EXTENSION OF REMARKS the power blocs of the cold war. A corol basis will be secured during the hearings lary of this neutralist posture is active OF on the bill. support for the United Nations and its HON. EMANUEL CELLER Second. Afford a waiting period, prior specialized agencies. Burma joined the OF NEW YORK to the effectiveness of such a price in United Nations in 1948 and has since IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crease, during which time the forces of worked to strengthen its many activities. both sides can take the matter to the She has participated in the UNESCO Re Monday, January 10, 1966 public, and explore likely results of the search Center on Social Implications of Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, today I proposed price increase. During the Industrialization, in southeast Asia as introduce a price notice bill, to require waiting period, if appropriate to the cir well as in the Colombo Plan Council for companies in basic industries to give cumstances, hearings could be held by Technical Cooperation, in south and notice to the President of any proposed interested congressional committees. southeast Asia. The specialized agencies price increase, and to require a 60-day Third. Panic buying of articles af to which Burma has given particularly waiting period prior to the effective date fected by proposed price increases would outstanding service are the International of the price increase. be avoided. After the completion of the 78 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 10, 1966 waiting period, the price increase would sions of the Strategic and Critical Materials Chad's economy, which is agricultural, be retroactive to the date of announce Stockpile Act (50 U.S.C. 98, et seq.), and has two strong pillars: cotton and stock "(3) Such additional standards as may ment. be established by the President. raising. Cotton is the principal money Fourth. Maximum freedom from di "The provisions of this section 9 shall not crop and accounts for approximately 80 rect Government interference in the pri apply in any industry in which the price of percent of Chad's exports. During 1964 vate sectors of the economy is retained. goods and services is subject to direct con imports were up 15 percent while ex The Government would not establish trol by an agency of the United States." ports increased by 11 percent. France mandatory price ceilings or direct price SEc. 2. This Act shall be effective on and continues to be the leading customer and controls. If the Government is unsuc after 60 days after the date of enactment. supplier, although trade with the United cessful in its efforts to cause a recision, States has also seen a steady increase. the proposed price increase would be Chad's landlocked position has thus effective at the end of the waiting period. far proved to be a major handicap in Fifth. Administrative problems that Independence Day of Chad overcoming some of her economic diffi attend direct Government regulation, culties. This has resulted in the Gov and expenditures that would be involved EXTENSION OF REMARKS ernment's placing highest priority on a in the establishment of a new Govern OF rail link to the sea via Cameroon. ment agency, are avoided. HON. ADAM C. POWELL Judging from the facts I have men The text of the bill follows: tioned, it would appear that Chad is well H.R. 11870 OF NEW YORK underway in its quest for "Unity, Work, A bill to amend the Sherman Act, as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Progress." Her friends in the Congress amended, by requiring prior notification of Monday, January 10, 1966 and the American people as a whole ex price increases in certain industries, and Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, I take tend best wishes and congratulations to for other purposes the Republic of Chad, her Government, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of great pride in calling to the attention of this Congress the 11th of January, which and her hardworking people on their na Representatives of the United States of tional independence day. America in Congress assembled, marks the national holiday of the Re DECLARATION OF POLICY public of Chad. This former colony of France achieved its independence on Au Development of the interstate and foreign gust 11, 1960, but proclaimed January 11 commerce of the United States in certain Coast Guard Helicopter Rescue basic industries has resulted in an undue as its national holiday. concentration of economic power. Pricing On this occasion, we wish to extend actions of individual companies in basic in warm and personal felicitations to His EXTENSION OF REMARKS dustries have a direct effect on the publlc Excellency Francois Tombalbaye, the OF interest, and may be detrimental to the gen President of the Republic of Chad; and eral public welfare. It is the intent of Con to His Excellency Boukar Abdoul, Chad's HON. WENDELL WYATT gress in this Act to provide a method for OF OREGON private interests to be coordinated with the Ambassador to the United States. responsib11ities of the Government in the It is fitting that the hearty and in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pricing of goods and services in such basic dustrious people of Chad should adopt Monday, January 10, 1966 industries. "Unity, Work, Progress" as their motto. SECTION 1. The Act Of July 2, 1890, as Since gaining their independence, they Mr. WYATT. Mr. Speaker, immedi amended, commonly referred to as the Sher have kept these goals clearly in mind, ately before Christmas the Coast Guard man Antitrust Act (15 U.S.C. 1, et seq.) is and have constantly striven to make helicopter unit stationed near the mouth amended by adding a new section, to be sec of the Columbia River, at Astoria, Oreg., tion 9 thereof, as follows: them a reality. "SEc. 9. No person in the industries desig The Republic of Chad is the largest of proved once again conclusively the value nated in this section 9, or to be designated by the former French Equatorial African and wisdom in establishing this squad the Secretary of Commerce pursuant to the countries, more than twice the size of ron at this location. provisions of this section 9, shall increase the France. Its population, estimated at · Six people are living today who would price of goods or services manufactured or close to 3 million, is divided roughly into certainly be dead were it not for the supplied by such person until 60 days after two main parts. The segment in the prompt, efficient, and heroic reaction of delivery to the Government official designated the Coast Guard helicopter squadron by the President of notice of the proposed north is mostly Arabized while the group price increase. Such notice shall include: in the south is largely animist in religion commanded by Comdr. Robert Lawlis. ( 1) the name and address of the person but with Christians among the leaders. A helicopter flying from the Shell Oil making the price increase, ( 2) the basic in Little has been written on the early Co. exploratory ship off the Oregon coast dustry in which such person does business, history of Chad. Europeans did not be experienced a loss of power and was and (3) the goods or services involved in gin exploring the region until the early forced to ditch approximately 1 mile the price increase. During said 60 days, the west of Seaside, Oreg., and the six men President may take such action as he deter 19th century, and at that time the trade mines to be appropriate. Unless the notice in slaves was being carried on in vari aboard were soon in the water clinging is withdrawn prior to the terxnlnation of said ous parts of the region. During the pe to the floats .of the lost helicopter. The 60 days, the price increase that was the sub riod when France was engaged in various temperature in the water was between ject of such notice shall be effective as of military campaigns in west Africa, Chad 30° and 40°. the date the notice was delivered. was viewed as an area of great strategic When the Coast Guard was alerted, "Within 60 days after enactment of this importance. As a result, it was organized surface vessels and the helicopter from Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary Astoria were at once dispatched and of Commerce shall publish in the F'ederal as a French military base area in 1900. Register a list of the basic industries that Chad became an administrative terri within a very short period of time the are subject to the provisions of this Act. The tory of the Federation of French Equa helicopter located the six men. Four basic industries that a.re subject to the pro torial Africa in 1913. In the early stages were immediately hoisted aboard and visions of this Act are the steel Industry, of World War II, Chad was the first of taken to the Seaside Hospital and the the aluminum Industry, the petroleum re the French territories in Africa to rally other two were saved within 20 minutes. fining industry, the copper industry, and The survivors estimated that two of the automobile industry, and such additional to the support of the Free French, and industries that are designated after the Sec served as a supply base for Allied opera them would not have lasted in the water retary of Commerce finds there is compliance tions in East Africa and the Mediter- for more than 5 minutes and that the with the following: ranean. remaining four probably could not have "(1) Industries in which the combined The year 1946 saw increased autonomy survived for more than 20 additional sales of the four largest persons amounts to and French citizenship conferred on minutes. Surface vessels certainly would 75 per centum or more of aggregate sales in Chad and other dependencies. The en not have located them within this time. the industry, and aggregate sales in the in abling act of 1956 and constitutional ref The rescue helicopter was commanded dustry amount to - per centum of the Gross National Product, or erendum of September 1, 1958, set the by Lt. Comdr. Robert Burns and piloted "(2) Goods or services produced in the in basic framework for full Chadian inde by Chief Aviation Pilot Clyde M. Caus dustry are include.d in the list of strategic pendence and membership in the French ley. All of the rescued survived without and critical materials pursuant to the provi- community in 1960. serious aftereffects. January 10, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 79 I would like to emphasize that these that family planning information, serv tainly think we should make an excep are not the first lives saved by this great ices, and supplies should be made avail tion when it comes to the gifts which squadron but this is the largest number able to all who request them. We should servicemen send home from combat saved at any one time and certainly the also make it clear that such information, zones. most dramatic rescue. This emphasizes services, and supplies should be a part of Most of the time these men must buy the arguments made prior to the loca our AID programs, upon request of the the gifts whenever they have a free mo tion of the helicopter squadron at the foreign governments involved. ment. Their shopping is usually limited mouth of the Columbia River, and cer And, Mr. Speaker, we should make it to the PX and they have to purchase tainly if the squadron had engaged in no clear that we see no possibility whatso what is available and not give too much other activity since its formation, this ever of providing enough surplus food thought to the customs duties. one rescue would have justified its exist from our own lands to prevent mass Gifts valued under $10 can be mailed ence. starvation in countries whose popula from foreign countries under present reg Likewise, I am pleased to point out tions will at least double in the next 25 ulations as long as not more than one that the Coast Guard command has here years if family planning programs are gift is sent to any one person in any one tofore pressed for and secured authority not undertaken on a broad scale. We day. This is all well and good for tour to erect a permanent hangar at the Clat would delude both ourselves and coun ists who can take the time to be selective sop County Airport which is even nearer tries abroad if we claimed otherwise. and can make separate mailings. It does than the present base of the helicopters It is my greatest hope that this session not help a serviceman though, who has near the town of Astoria itself. the Congress will address itself squarely to make his purchases at one time and This squadron presently has two heli and vigorously to the problems of family mail them in one package. copters and in normal course of events planning, birth control, and the popula The bill I have introduced would in one helicopter is apt to be engaged opera tion-both here and abroad. crease this $10 limitation to $50 and it tionally and it is always possible that We made 5 days of progress last year, would apply only to servicemen in com one may be on the ground for repairs but the problem grew by 365 days. We bat zones as designated by the Presi or normal maintenance. cannot afford to allow another year to dent. I think the $50 figure is a realistic It would seem to me that the proved slip by with no action. For the problem one and will cover most of the gift pur effectiveness of this squadron would will soon be so great that no solution chases which servicemen make for their strongly justify the assignment of more within our values will be possible. families at Christmas time or whenever helicopters to the squadron which has there are birthdays and anniversaries to done such an outstanding job in search be remembered. and rescue during the past many months. Mr. Speaker, this is a little thing, but We in Oregon salute Commander Law Servicemen Should Be Able To Mail Gifts it will mean a great deal to the members lis, Commander Burns, Chief Causley, of the Armed Forces and their families. and all members of this fine Coast Guard From Combat Zones Duty Free to Their I would hope that hearings could be unit in Astoria. Families in the United States scheduled on this legislation right away. I am certain that the testimony will bear EXTENSION OF REMARKS out the soundness of making this special OF concession for these people. I would Worldwide Population Explosion hope that this change could be made so HON. CHESTER L. MIZE that another Christmas would not pass EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF KANSAS without making some provision for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES servicemen to send home duty free gifts OF on a basis which is reasonable and just. HON. PAUL H. TODD, JR. Monday, January 10, 1966 OF MICHIGAN Mr. MIZE. Mr. Speaker, today I am IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES introducing a bill to liberalize the dollar limitation on gifts which can be mailed Need for a Breakthrough in Urban Monday, January 10, 1966 duty free from foreign countries into the Transport Mr. TODD. Mr. Speaker, although United States. I have drafted this leg the press has done an excellent job of islation to apply specifically to our serv telling us what we will be doing in the icemen in combat areas because I know EXTENSION OF REMARKS session which opens today, I have yet to that some of the families of servicemen OF see included in the subjects for action the had to pay customs duties on gifts which HON. HENRY S. REUSS establishment of a policy to deal with the they received from Vietnam last Christ OF WISCONSIN worldwide population explosion. The mas. I had one specific instance brought press has forecast that the Congress will to my attention. I know there must be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deal with the symptoms of this explosion, others. Monday, January 10, 1966 that we will attempt to prescribe pain An editorial in the Junction City Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, during the killers to make them hurt a little less. (Kans.) Daily Union on Wednesday, No last session I introduced Iegislation But the press has not forecast that we vember 24, called attention to the fact H.R. 9200-to establish a federally sup will discuss the fundamentals of the that the wife of a Fort Riley soldier, now ported research program designed to problem and take action which seems in Vietnam, received a shipment of ;achieve a technological breakthrough in appropriate. Christmas gifts from her husband on the development of new urban transpor Let us be blunt, Mr. Speaker. There which she was required to pay customs tation systems. Such systems are des are a number of important issues which duties. The editorial writer was upset, perately needed by our cities today. If will be acted upon by this 2d session of as well he should have been, and I be they are not forthcoming soon the urban the 89th Congress. But no issue is more came upset myself when I learned all of transportation crisis will reach unman important and no set of problems are the details in a letter from the wife of ageable proportions. more pressing than the world population the serviceman involved. Twenty-one other Members of the explosion. I would submit that if this She received a Christmas package from House have introduced identical legis Congress will accept its clear responsibil her husband with two sweaters and a lation. In the Senate, the Senator from ity to establish policies to deal with the camera for her two daughters and her Maryland [Mr. TYDINGS] introduced an population explosion, it will be remem self. She had to pay a 42%-percent duty identical bill-S. 2599-which was co bered far more for this reason than for on the sweaters and a 15-percent duty on sponsored by 10 other Senators. any other. the camera. All told, it cost her $10.81 The sponsors of the legislation in the We can take constructive action in this in customs duties before the mailman House, in addition to myself, include: the field. We can support the efforts already would release the gifts. gentleman from Ohio [Mr. AsHLEY], H.R. initiated by President Johnson. We can This is definitely not right. I have no 9201; the gentleman from Texas [Mr. encourage their expansion. And we can argument with the imposition of cus CABELL], H.R. 9202; the gentleman from pass legislation establishing our belief toms duties on foreign imports, but I cer- New York [Mr. FARBSTEIN], H.R. 9763; 80 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE January 10, 1966 the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. sending a man to the moon-at an estimated leave much to be desired. Here are some FRASER], H.R. 9995; the gentleman from total cost of $20 billion in Federal funds. of their drawbacks: This program is fine for boosting our inter Air pollution Ohio [Mr. GILLIGAN], H.R. 9826; the gen national prestige and advancing scientific tlewoman from Michigan [Mrs. GRIF understanding. It, like the others however, Automobiles are the chief cause of the air FITHS], H.R. 9996; the gentleman from does little for the urban traveler. pollution which hangs over our cities. The New York [Mr. HALPERN], H.R. 9997; the What the urban traveler needs most is a result of the air pollution is that the city gentleman from Connecticut [Mr. transport system what will carry him about dweller is more subject than his country the city rapidly, safely and economically. neighbor to all types of respiratory diseases. IRWIN], H.R. 10857; the gentleman from One substance from automobile and diesel New Jersey [Mr. JoELsoN], H.R. 9998; The transportation problems confronting exhaust that becomes a part of the air is a the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. our cities today is extremely serious. People hydrocarbon known as benzpyrene, which LONG], H.R. 9999; the gentleman from are forced to rely primarily on automobiles. tends to induce cancer. Motor vehicles are As a result, city traffic is highly congested. also a principal source of carbon monoxide New York [Mr. McCARTHY], H.R. 10000; It is a long and frustrating experience to the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. and oxides of nitrogen, both of which have travel from one part of a metropolitan area varying degrees of ill-effect on health. The MINISH], H .R. 10001; the gentleman from to another. Where public transportation consequences in large metropolitan areas Pennsylvania [Mr. MooRHEAD], H.R. does exist in the form of a bus or subway can be serious. Breathing New York City air, 100.02; the gentleman from New York system, the urban traveler rarely can go for instance, is like smoking two packs of [Mr. MULTER], H.R. 9203; the gentleman from origin to destination without trans cigarettes a day .s from Illinois [Mr. RONAN], H.R. 10003; ferring or walking some distance to com The problem could have even more serious the gentleman from New York [Mr. plete the trip. long-term consequences. An expert on air ROSENTHAL], H.R. 9204; the gentleman FEDERAL RESEARCH PROGRAM NEEDED pollution, Prof. Morris Neiburger, of the Uni from Wisconsin [Mr. STALBAUM], H.R. In response to the need for better urban versity of California at Los Angeles, predicts 10279; the gentlewoman from Missouri •transportation systems, I, along with 20 that polluted air may well doom humanity other House Members, have introduced legis Within the next century if steps are not taken [Mrs. SULLIVAN], H.R. 9205; the gentle lation in the 89th Congress amending the soon to replace the automobile with a vehi man from Ohio [Mr. VANIK], H.R. 9206; Mass Transportation Act of 1964 to provide cle propelled by a system other than the the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. WELT an additional $10 million a year for each of internal combustion engine. Dr. Neiburger NER], H.R. 9207; the gentleman from the next 2 years-or the remainder of the maintains that devices to eliminate exhaust Illinois [Mr. YATES], H.R. 9208. life of the program :~_earmarked exclusively from cars will not be adequate and as the The sponsors of S. 2599, in addition to carry out a research program to achieve population expands and living standards a technological breakthrough in the develop rise, increasing numbers of people-not only to the Senator from Maryland [Mr. ment of new modes of transportation for in America but in countries where the auto TYDINGS], include: the Senator from the city traveler. mobile is now a rarity-will acquire and New Jersey [Mr. CASE], the Senator from From discussions With a wide variety of drive their own cars. He has said, "the Pennsylvania [Mr. CLARK], the Senator transportation experts, I know that the world's atmosphere will grow more and more from Michigan [Mr. HART], the Senator technological expertise for developing the polluted until, a century from now, it will from Indiana [Mr. HARTKE], the Senator new modes is available in our universities be too poisonous to all human life to sur from Hawaii [Mr. INOUYE], the Senator and in industry, and what is needed is a vive, and civilization will pass away." 4 Federal incentive to bring this expertise to A good urban transport system could from Washington [Mr. JAcKsoN], the greatly reduce air pollution. senator from Massachusetts [Mr. KEN bear on the problems of urban transport. At the same time, under this program, Traffic congestion NEDY], the Senator from California [Mr. other available talent could be put to work KucHELJ, the Senator from Connecticut A commuter taking the bus to work may on the analysis of social and economic prob spend 45 minutes or more traveling a few [Mr. RIBICOFF], the Senator from Massa lems confronting our cities as they relate miles from home to office. If he drives his chusetts [Mr. SALTONSTALL]. to transportation. For instance, a report by car he may move more rapidly, but he has In the winter 1965 issue of the Trans the Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory, Inc., the problem of pa-rking it and every day portation Journal, published by the for the Department of Commerce on new upon leaving work he runs the risk of being ground transportation technology that might caught in a monumental traffic snarl. The American Society of Traffic and Trans be used between now and 1980 suggests that portation, appears my article explaining greatest of these-to date-clogged the the city traveler wants a transport system streets of Boston for 5 hours on the eve H.R. 9200 and the need for new urban which retains the individual freedom now ning of December 30, 1963. 2 transport systems: available to him in the automobile. The Heavy traffic, too, is a danger as well as RESEARCH Is NEEDED To DEVELOP NEW MODES research program I have proposed, besides a frustration to the individual, whether he OF URBAN TRANSPORT developing the new system itself, could also walks or drives. The National Safety Coun study the attitudes of people toward various cil has reported that in 1964 there were (By Representative HENRY S. REUSS) different modes. Today our Federal Government is com 14,500 deaths from motor vehicle accidents mitted to substantial research to develop SHORTCOMINGS OF PRESENT SYSTEMS in urban areas and 980,000 personal injuries. new transportation modes for travel to other Present-day urban transportation systems, A good urban transportation system could cities by rail, to other countries by SST, and heavily oriented around the automobile, make city travel much safer. to other planets by rocket. Unfortunately, High costs it has no plans to develop new modes for 1 H.R. 9200, introduced June 17, 1965, 1st Whatever his personal choice of transpor travel Within our cities, just the areas where sess., 89th Cong. Members introducing tation, the city dweller pays more than he new transportation systems are needed most. identical legislation are as follows: THOMAS realizes for the present commuting patterns Here is what the administration is plan L. ASHLEY, Of Ohio; EARLE CABELL, of Texas; heavily reliant on roads and freeways. Not ning. It has committed $90 million over a LEONARD FARBSTEIN, of New York; DONALD M. only does he pay between 10 and 12 cents 3-year period to develop a new system of FRASER, Of Minnesota; JOHN J. GILLIGAN, of a mile to drive his automobile to and from high-speed ground transportation for travel Ohio; Mrs. MARTHA W. GRIFFITHS, of Michi work--or h alf this if he goes by public between cities. The new system, once in gan; SEYMOUR HALPERN, of New York; transportation-but taxes on property, gaso operation, will be a boon to the intercity CHARLES S. JOELSON, of New Jersey; CLARENCE line, and other items are h igher than they traveler who neither likes to travel by auto D. LONG, of Maryland; RICHARD D. McCARTHY, might be becau se of t he expense of construct mobile nor by airplane, but who now is dis of New York; JosEPH G. MINISH, of New Jer ing urban freeways, usually at the cost of couraged from taking the train because of sey; WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD, of Pennsylvania; $10 to $15 million a mile. the bumpy, slow ride he must endure. ABRAHAM J. MULTER, Of New York; DANIEL J. In addit ion, the cost of accidents is high, For the traveler who does like to fly, the RONAN, Of Illinois; BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, raising the price of insurance policies. The administration is going ahead with a pro of New York; LYNN E . STALBAUM, of Wiscon National Safety Council reports that dam gram for the development of a supersonic age bills for all urban accidents in 1964 plane which when operational in the 1970's sin; Mrs. LEONOR K. SULLIVAN, of Missouri; amounted t o $ 1 .6 billion , with property will travel at speeds between 1,800 and 2,000 CHARLES A. VANIK, of Ohio; CHARLES L. WELT d am age accoun ting for over half, or $2.6 miles per hour. The total project will cost NER, of Georgia; and SIDNEY R. YATES , of billion. an estimated $1 billion or more, a substan nunois. A new urban t ransport system, more ef tial portion of which will be in Federal funds. 2 Connell Aeronautical Laboratory, Inc., ficient and cheaper to build than those we A great asset to the intercontinental traveler, "A Projection of Technology Applicable to now h ave, could cut costs, bot h for the in the SST will also insure that the U.S. air the Future Highway System of the Boston dividual and for the city. craft industries continue as makers of the Washington Corridor" (Buffalo, N.Y., Oct. most advanced planes in the world. 2, 1964), CAL Report No. VJ-1913-V-1; s Council of the City of New York, "Air Finally, for the ultimate in travel the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Pollution in New York City," June 22, 1965, Federal Government has committed itself Technical Information, U.S. Department of Publication No. M-970, p . 26. to developing a transportation system for Commerce, P.B. 166- 878, p. 164. 4 Washin gton Post, Aug. 9, 1965. January 10, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 81 Urban planning and demonstration projects in all phases of concerted national program to develop a Because our cities' transportation systems urban mass transportation. service of benefit to the general public. The are dominated by the automobile, highways Because the pressures on the whole pro Manhattan project, for example, one of the are often the predominant structures in ur gram for help in providing more buses and greatest Federal undertakings of all time, ban areas, creating ugly sites and taking up subway cars are considerable, the adminis resulted in nuclear power for civilian use. valuable real estate. Also, once the cars are trators of the program have made the de Like it is doing in the supersonic transport downtown, they must be parked while their cision for the time being to apply all of the and high-speed ground transport projects, drivers work or shop, thus taking up more $10 million for research, development, and the Federal Government would join in the valuable land. demonstration to the demonstration of development of a transport system that will City planners now have little choice but already developed systems. benefit everybody. Once the system is oper to build freeways. They are pushed by the ONE NOVEL IDEA-THE COMMUCAR ational, the Federal Government would demands of travelers who want their own release it to private firms who would then Amending the Mass Transportation Act of produce and operate it. · cars, and pulled by the Federal grant-in 1964 to provide another $10 million annually aid program that gives States 90 percent of exclusively for research and development of Such a research program, although feder the cost of constructing freeways. new modes of urban transport would com ally sponsored, would in all likelihood be car A good urban transportation system, more plement the existing program by preparing ried out jointly by universities and Industry desirable than the automobile, would free for the greater demands fo:r good public with the most up-to-date technological the city from its shackles to the expressway transportation which will most certainly de expertise. The electrical industry, for in and provide an opportunity for better urban velop as our urban areas continue to swell stance, could develop the systems which will planning. in population. guide the vehicles from origin to destination, Good public transportation would bring The research program would focus on de and the automobile and aerospace industries veloping systems which were fast, safe, and could design and construct the actual other advantages to the city. If the system vehicles. were automated and the vehicle traveled on economical, do not pollute the aid, and sat restricted guideways, it could be used for isfy the apparent need of people for indi Today nearly 75 percent of our population carrying cargo other than passengers during vidual transport while at the same time make lives in cities. By 1980 nearly 80 percent of nonpeak hours. In the early morning, the good city planning possib-le. The program all Americans will be living in urban areas. system could be closed entirely to passenger would be able to capitalize and improve upon This 80 percent-over 200 million-will have to get about the cities for the ordinary travel while goods were distributed about the num~ous ideas which already have been the city. Special containerized vehicles put forward for new systems of urban trans events of day-to-day living. They will need carrying goods to downtown stores could, in port, among the most imaginative of which a system that will be quick, safe and eco the period of a few hours, replenish the is the commucax, developed by a group of nomical, which does not pollute the air, and shops entirely. Thus it would be unneces students and faculty at the Massachusetts which fulfill their desire for individual Institute of Technology. transport while at the same time making sary for trucks to clog central city streets good city planning possible. This is the during the day, thereby making the down The commucar is a small, lightweight ve hicle capab-le of carrying up to four passen system that can be developed under a fed town area more enjoyable for the pedestrian. erally sponsored research program. The practice of supplying the stores might gers. It can ·be driven independently under also be reversed so that those orders taken its own electric power o:r along public guide by merchants during the day over the phone ways, getting its electricity from a side rail. could be delivered to decentralized distribu On the guideway, the vehicle is controlled by tion points in the early morning hours. The a computer system which takes its passen World War on Hunger next day the housewife could have all her gers directly to their destination without deliveries presented to her door in time to transfer. Under its own power, a commucar EXTENSION OF REMARKS free her for other activities that day. could travel about 50 miles an hour, while on the automatically controlled guideway it OF ALTERNATIVES TO HIGHWAYS ARE POOR could travel as fast as 100 miles an hour. Cities today have no sensible alternatives Since the system would be automated, the HON. HAROLD D. COOLEY to building massive urban highway systems. density of traffic along the guideway would OF NORTH CAROL~A They can turn to the conventional modes of be much greater than along freeways, while IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public transportation, but these, too, have at the same time the possibility of accidents their shortcomings. Subways, like freeways, would be greatly reduced. Monday, January 10, 1966 are expensive to build, costing up to $20 mil Because the vehicle is compact and light, Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, on De lion a mile where the underground area is it could be easily parked. Because it could cember 9, 1965, in addressing the organi not already utilized for other public services. be automatically controlled, it could be put Buses are little improvement over automo back on the system, driverless, to be used zation meeting of the Committee on the biles, since they still contribute to air pol by another commuter or shopper. Thus it World Food Crisis, I said that I feel it lution, cause tratllc congestion, and can also would be possible either to own the vehicle is the destiny of this country to attack run into other vehicles or pedestrians. or merely to rent it for a trip downtown. starvation around the world. If a city does decide to develop a conven And the system might be adapted for use, as Moreover, I told the dedicated people tional public transportation system, it has suggested earlier, for transporting goods gathered for this important meeting that little help available to it outside its own about the city. I am convinced this mission of our coun financial resources. The Federal program The commucar is only one of many Ideas try is so urgent, its rewards to all man authorized by the Mass Transportation Act of that could be developed and demonstrated 1964 5 and now administered by the new under a federally sponsored research kind so promising, that nobody can head Department of Housing and Urban Develop program. it off. ment is modest in scope and funding, with Another proposal, quite similar to the com So deep is this conviction, Mr. Speaker, the result that only limited benefits fall to mucar, is the starrcar-for self-transit rail that I am now proposing a world war on the city. The act carries a grant authority and road car-devised by the Alden Self hunger. of $375 million over a period of 3 years to Transit Systems Co:rp. of Westboro, Mass. pay two-thirds of the cost of establishing new I disclosed my plans for legislation in Still a third proposal is the teletrans, a a release to the press for Sunday, Jan urban transit systems or making improve system of individual vehicles which, unlike ments on existing ones. Since it would cost the commucar and starrcar, are confined to uary 9. Because of the broad interest an estimated $10 billion to properly equip guideways running either underground or in of the Members of this body in this our Nation's cities with conventional modes enclosed tubes supported above streets by important undertaking, and with the of public transportation, the Mass Transpor metal arches. Powered by electricity and en consent of the House, I am placing this tation Act of 1964 is no more than the pro tirely automated, the teletrans vehicle is de press .announcement in the CoNGREs verbial drop in a bucket. signed to run at an average speed of 45 miles SIONAL RECORD. The press statement The program, thus, is not designed to bring per hour. Stations, sidetracked off the main follows: about the needed revolution in urban trans course, are spotted along the guideway ap portation. All It can do Is help some cities proximately every half mile. Since the ve CoOLEY To INTRODUCE WORLD WAR ON HUNGER hold the line a while longer with obsolescent hicle would not have to go through each BILL systems which some day will have to be sup station, the trip would be nonstop, and Chairman HAROLD D. CoOLEY, of the House planted or supplemented if the city's resi since the entire system would be automated Committee on Agriculture, announced today dents and workers are to maintain any mean with the destination of the vehicle set by he will introduce early in the new session of ingful degree of mobility. computer before the passenger embarked, the Congress a bill opening the way for a The 1964 act does contain a provision no transferring would be required. This world war on hunger, through extension and which authorizes the expenditure of $10 mil system has been under development by the expansion of America's food-for-peace pro lion a year, out of the total authorization Teletrans Corp. of Detroit, Mich. gram. of $375 million, for research, development, TRADITION OF FEDERAL SUPPORT The bill would authorize financing of the It is by no means alien to Federal policy export of $14 billion worth of food and fiber 6 Public Law 88-365, July 9, 1964. to use technology derived as a part of a in the next 5 years, over and beyond U.S. 82 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 10, 1966 normal dollar exports of agricultural com amendment to Public Law 480--the food-for conquest of the country in 1896-98, a new modities. peace law-to provide guidelines and rule! governmental system had to be devised. "We live in a hungry and d angerous for the worldwide distribution of food and world," Mr. COOLEY said. "I am told that fiber from our farms-this distribution not This resulted in joint Anglo-Egyptian 12,000 persons die each day of starvation to be limited to surplus food and fiber as now administration or condominium, as the around the world, and many millions of peo provided by Public Law 480. system was called. ple are hungry and ragged." Then he de "The food-for-peace program has helped The Sudan is a land of sharp con clared: feed millions of hungry people in many coun trasts, divided between the economically "Our humanitarian instincts, the world tries. We are fortunate now, in looking to developed Moslem North and the largely population explosion, and the cause of peace, ward a world war on hunger, to have the pagan and Christian underdeveloped demand imaginative, sound, and posit ive ac machinery and the know-how in our De South. However, strong efforts are being tion at this time. There are two magic words partment of Agriculture to undertake such a in all the languages of the world-food and new program in combination with programs made to overcome these and other handi raiment. I am convinced that our world to develop the food and fiber sufficiency of caps. superiority in the production of food and countries where there now are millions of Sudan's somewhat small and scattered fiber can be used to encourage great masses people ill-fed and ill-clothed. population and lack of known resources of humanity into peaceful pursuits, moving "Our farmers would be the key to the has forced the country's economy to re them toward self-reliance and self-sufficiency whole program I envision. Their income, main primarily an agricultural one. in the production of food and fiber. This and the well-being of rural America, must Cotton is the mainstay of the Sudanese should strengthen the bonds of friendship be protected and advanced in this new un among free nations. Moreover, I am con dertaking. I would hope that this new pro economy, and accounts for approximately vinced that in the end bread will be more gram would keep millions of acres in 70 percent of the country's total exports important than bullets in bringing peace production and employ on our farms many and about 30 percent of the total world to the world." thousands of people who would be dislocated production of the long staple variety. He emphasized also that such an under if we proceed with further restrictions upon The Gezira scheme, which developed a taking as proposed in his bill should, in our agricultural production." large portion of the south to relative the long run, contribute subs-tantially to the The Agriculture Committee chairman said wealth, has proved itself a model of agri economic stability of rural America. he hopes to open public hearings on the leg The new Cooley bill would establish as islation early in February. cultural achievement which other un policy of the United States: developed areas conceivably could adopt. 1. Deliberate production of food and fiber Extensive irrigation could increase the by Ameri'Ca's free-enterprising farmers to chances for an even more diversified feed hungry people and to clothe those who Salute to Cameroon economy. Liberal foreign trade policies are ragged, in friendly nations around the have aided in stimulating Sudan's ex world. Such relief no longer would be lim ports and imports. Its world trade bal ited to distribution of U.S. surplus food EXTENSION OF REMARKS ance is satisfactory and foreign exchange and fiber. OF 2. Aids to these nations in building their reserves have steadily grown to over $150 own agricul·ture to meet the needs of their HON. ADAM C. POWELL million. Annual capital formation is at peoples. approximately 10 percent and develop "I am not proposing," Mr. CooLEY said, OF NEW YORK ment investments are growing at a rate "that we remove forthwith the restraints IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of more than 8 percent of the gross upon farm production now operating Monday, January 10, 1966 national product, which has been esti through voluntary farm programs. If we did this, we might again find ourselves buried Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, on Jan mated at $900 million. in surpluses. Neither do I suppose that the uary 1, the Republic of Sudan celebrated Internal problems have not prevented United States can feed everyone who is hun the lOth aniversary of her independence. the Sudan from taking an active part in gry around the world. But our farmers have As you are aware, the 2d session of the international affairs, as its membership mastered the arts of abundance and they 89th Congress had not yet convened. in the United Nations Economic Com can produce food and fiber, beyond our own mission for Africa has demonstrated; in needs, that can build the physica l strength However, I did not want the opportunity and morale of the populations in m any places overlooked to extend to the people and addition, the Sudan is an important around the world where these people work in the Government of Sudan the warmest member in such organizations as the the direction of self-sufficiency in agricul felicitations of this country on this oc League of Arab States, the Organization ture. casion. Congratulations are therefore of African Unity, and the International "It is my thought that our war on starva extended on this occasion to His Ex Cotton Advisory Committee. tion and destitution should be directed to cellency Ismail el Ezhari, the President Though the Sudan has been experi those areas where governments and people encing what one might call growing pains are trying to help themselves. We can sup of the Supreme Council of State; and to ply temporary relief with food and fiber in His Excellency Abbash el Obeid, the Su there is little doubt as to the resolution programs to develop agriculture in many danese Ambassador to the United States. and determination of this large and places. Moreover, we could supply fiber, food, Traditionally, most Americans anx friendly country to meet the challenges and other aids while people in these .orther iously await the end of an old year and and overcome the difficulties which beset nations are developing harbors, transporta look forward to the approach of the new it. tion, storage, and other facilities, to accom year in anticipation of prosperity, prog I am certain that the entire American modate the improvement in their own food people join me in extending warm and resources. ress, and peace. But January 1 has even "I caution again against anyone supposing more significance to the people of the sincere congratulations on this, the lOth that I propose a sudden unleashing of our Republic of the Sudan. anniversary of the independence of the total agricultural potential, for if we did this It was on this date in 1956 that this Republic of the Sudan. we certainly would pile up new surpluses in huge country was proclaimed an inde our own warehouses, since there are now so pendent and soverign state. Comprising many places around the world that have very an area almost one-tenth of the African limited facilities for receiving, s·toring, and It's Uncle Billy Frost's 103d Birthday distributing food and fiber." continent, this young and dynamic Re Heretofore the United States has shared public is a land of more than 12 million with other nations through the food-for inhabitants. EXTENSION OF REMARKS peace program only the surpluses in the However, it should be noted that while OF operation of programs designed to reduce the the Sudan is celebrating its lOth anniver overabundant production of America's farms. sary as an independent Republic, its his HON. WALTER ROGERS "I propose now, since our surpluses are torical legacy goes back very far indeed. OF TEXAS vanishing," Mr. COOLEY said, "that we pro IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES duce food and fiber deliberately as a matter Ancient Egyptian inscriptions and refer of national policy, for sharing with those ences in the Old Testament-to the Land Monday, January 10, 1966 underfed and ill-clothed peoples who under of Kush-bear evidence of the Sudan's Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, take sound programs to build up their own past greatness. During most of the 19th Mr. William B. "Uncle Billy" Frost of agricultural production and, thereby, to century, the Sudan was under Turkish achieve self-sufficiency in the face of the Pampa, Tex., is celebrating his 103d world population explosion. Egyptian subjugation with a short period birthday today, and his many hundreds "The bill I am drafting is simple. Its of independence between 1885 and 1899. of friends in Pampa, the Texas Panhan major provision will be in the form of an Following the joint British-Egyptian re- dle, and all over the United States are January 10, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 83 flooding him with messages of congratu President had made it clear that our bi this Chamber during the session which lations and best wishes. partisan foreign policy is to defend South started today so that people in the United "Uncle Billy" is an institution in our Vietnam so long as aggression from the States and throughout the world may hometown of Pampa not only because of north continues. Our Nation wants look to the strongest democracy in the his personal charm but also because he is peace and President Johnson has made world for guidance and strength in the one of the true pioneers of the U.S. petro it clear that we stand ready to engage in trying hours and days which lie ahead. leum industry. Uncle Billy's father unconditional discussions to consider any This Chamber of freemen must not drilled a well in Drake, Pa., credited with solution which will bring peace to this shrink from its responsibility of sound being the country's first. Uncle Billy, troubled area of the world. ing the commitment for freedom and the when he was 14 years old, went to work On December 18, 1965, in response to search for peace in the world. It should pumping oil wells and followed the the voices of my constituents, I sent the distinguish itself by being both a forum petroleum boom through fields in Penn following telegram to the President: for freedom and a forum for peace. Our sylvania, Kansas, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Hon. LYNDON B. JoHNSON, President needs our support and the peo Texas before settling in Pampa, in the President of the United States, ple deserve our continuing expression of heart of the great Panhandle oil and gas Whi te House, Washington, D.C.: their hopes for peace. field. In light of the offer for a 12-hour truce to permit American boys to celebrate Christmas, We in Pampa and the Texas Panhan I respectfully suggest that you announce the dle are proud to salute Uncle Billy Frost acceptance of the offer and implement im on the occasion of his birthday and, God mediately negotiations to extend the truce. Government Should Prosecute Aptheker, willing, hope to enjoy his warm friend I further respectfully recommend that as Lynd, and Hayden ship for many more years. evidence of our announced intentions tone gotiate and to demonstrate American com passion, you direct cessation of the bombing EXTENSION OF REMARKS in North Vietnam pending the negotiations OF now under condideration. The month of Vietnam December should not be the only period to HON. 0. C. FISHER practice peace on earth and good will toward OF TEXAS EXTENSION OF REMARKS men. We must work at it 365 days a year. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF HERBERT TENZER, Member of Congress. Monday, January 10, 1966 HON. HERBERT TENZER I was as pleased as you were to listen Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, the press OF NEW YORK to the voices which followed and to see reports that the Justice Department is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES how the administration responded to the making a study of the violations of Fed Monday, January 10, 1966 voice of the people. Diplomatic channels eral laws which were committed by three were opened with dynamic and energetic American citizens who recently went to Mr. TENZER. Mr. Speaker, as the force. Every effort was made to con Hanoi. The trip was admittedly made 2d session of the 89th Congress begins, without authority and in open defiance people throughout the world are deeply vince the nations of the world that the United States truly wanted peace in ~~~ . concerned about the war in Vietnam and southeast Asia. The three culprits were Herbert Ap the course which will be taken in the While we continue to meet our com theker, Staughton Lynd, and Thomas year ahead. The Members of this dis mitment in South Vietnam we must al Hayden. The alleged mission was to con tinguished Chamber have a responsibility ways bear in mind that to negotiate is tact Communist authorities and discuss to express themselves to their constitu not to capitulate. In the nuclear age with them our efforts to bring about a ents, to the Nation, and to the world on when man is capable of self-destruction peaceful settlement of the war the Com this, the most vital issue of the day. there is even greater reason to strive for munists are waging against the South During the period of adjournment, I peace, however, in so doing we cannot Vietnamese. had the opportunity to address thousands turn our back on tyranny and injustice Upon their return these anti-Ameri of my constituents in 43 speaking en anywhere in the world. can emissaries reported in Moscow they gagements and appearances, during In one of our southern cities, the home had talked at length with the North Viet which I discussed a variety of subjects. of the 1st Air Cavalry Division, which namese Premier, Phan Van Dong, and Invariably the first question raised was has the greatest number of families with others. Their report was hazy and on the subject of U.S. policy in southeast men in Vietnam per capita of any city meaningless. Among other things, they Asia and our commitment in South Viet in the United States, there was a demon decided the Communists did not know nam. While the greatest number ap stration of women and children asking about President Johnson's unconditional peared to support the administration that we "support their daddies in South offer of negotiations, and the United policy, they seemed unanimous in urg Vietnam." Not one sign read "Send my States was at fault. ing that we find an avenue to peace. daddy home." Does this conduct constitute a viola I also visited Thailand where I dis Let those who demonstrated and par tion of our laws? That is the question cussed the situation in South Vietnam ticipated in paying for full page ads, the Justice Department is now trying with servicemen, some of whom reside in urging a cessation of bombings in North to determine. If there is substantial Fifth Congressional District of New York. Vietnam, now take ads urging Hanoi to evidence of their guilt, then it would They all seemed to understand the rea understand that our Government is seri seem that they should be prosecuted. sons for our commitment in southeast ous in its efforts to transfer the war from Press reports state the Justice De Asia and they questioned why some at the battlefield to the conference table. partment is reviewing several laws that home failed to understand as well. They There were less ships of our allies might be applicable to the unauthorized also shared the desire for peace and reaching the port of Haiphong with sup trip. Among them are violation of State urged that every diplomatic channel be plies during 1965 than there were in 1964. Department travel and passport rules, kept open to encourage initiation of ne The progress in this area, while signif sedition, treason, and an 18th-century gotiations for peace. icant, is not yet enough. We should con law-the Logan Act-which prohibits Our Nation is the strongest and sider seriously the termination of any and negotiations with foreign powers by greatest power in the world today-but all aid to nations carrying supplies to private U.S. citizens. with that power goes responsibility. No our enemies. From their own admissions it would nation can have great power and a quiet We should also give consideration to seem that they did some negotiating. conscience. Its leaders and its people the blockade of the port of Haiphong Moreover, their travel in defiance of the must sometimes suffer either the re thereby cutting off the supplies which law which requires them to clear the trip proaches of having used force or there our enemy uses to support their aggres- with the State Department would seem proaches of having failed to use it. sion. to present an open-and-shut case against I am distressed by the increasing U.S. I favor a continuing dialog-both pub them. losses and the increased role of our troops lic and in the Congress-on this most Federal law provides penalties of up to in combat zones. I abhor war and the vital issue of the day. The voices of 5 years in prison and a fine of $5,000 misery caused by human conflict. Our our Representatives should echo through for this unauthorized trip. 84 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE January 10, 1966 Mr. Speaker, these violations are seri to Francois Tombalbaye, the able Presi proved transport within the country and ous and should be treated accordingly. dent of the Republic, to Boukar Abdou!, to the Atlantic ports. The extensive At the very time that our troops are Chad's distinguished and popular Am game reserves and relatively pleasant fighting and some dying- in a fight bassador to the United States, and to climate during part of the year make the against Communist aggressors, these all the people of this proud and happy country potentially very attractive to characters go to Hanoi and give aid and land. Although independence came to tourists. comfort to the enemy. Chad on August 11, 1960, it is January Relations between the United States While these three are obviously men 11 that is celebrated as its national holi and Chad are friendly. The United tally, morally, and emotionally imma day. States maintains an embassy in Fort ture, they should nevertheless be made to Chad is the largest country, both in Lamy, and the Republic of Chad has an answer for their subversive activities. area and population, of former French accredited ambassador in Washington. Being mentally sick is in this instance Equatorial Africa. With an area of over At present there are no direct U.S. not a valid excuse. 500,000 square miles, it is more than twice commercial interests in Chad; the After all, who are these crackpots? the size of France, or approximately as Chadian Government hopes to interest Aptheker is an admitted Communist of big as California, Texas, and Oklahoma. an American company in prospecting for the old Stalin school. He is an enemy of Chad is bordered by Libya on the north, oil in the northern desert area. The the United States. He is described as Sudan on the east, Central African Re climate for American investment in such the Communist Party's leading intellec public on the south, and Niger, Nigeria, areas as hotel construction and joint tual at the Institute of the Marxist Stud and Cameroon on the west. The capital, ventures in small industries-such as a ies in New York. He revels in bloodlet Fort Lamy, is near the Cameroon border tannery, a meat-processing plant, or a ting and anarchy. Of the Negro riot in just south of Lake Chad. cottonseed-oil plant-however, is be Los Angeles he was quoted last Septem France organized Chad as a military lieved to be good. ber as saying: "Of course, Watts was area on September 5, 1900. In 1910 it be Recently when I was a delegate to the glorious." came one of the four territories of French 20th session of the General Assembly of Lynd, an associate professor of history Equatorial Africa, which was dissolved the United Nations, it was my privilege at Yale, is likewise a revolutionary. He in 1959 when Chad, as well as the three to become well acquainted with the com was affiliated with the pro-Peiping Pro others-the Middle Congo, now Republic petent Ambassador from Chad to the gressiv-e Labor Party; and was also iden of the Congo, Ubangui-Shari, now Cen United Nations, His Excellency Boukar tified with the Socialist Workers Party tral African Republic, and Gabon-be Abdou!, who is also Ambassador to the and the American Youth for Democ came fully autonomous members of the United States. racy-both cited as subversive by the At French community. I also had the privilege of hearing the torney General. He led the August 9 The independence of Chad, as well as representative of that proud country in demonstration in Washington against that of the other former French terri the general debate on October 7 em the administration's policy in Vietnam, tories in West and Equatorial Africa, phasize the need for international co and got himself arrested for violating the climaxed a series of measures on the part operation and harmonious economic de law. of France tending toward increased au velopment. It was indeed a great pleas This man once called for "civil disobe tonomy for its overseas territories. ure to me to work with Ambassador dience so persistent and massive" that These measures were inaugurated by the Boukar Abdou! and others in the peace the President, Secretary of Defense, Sec French Constitution of 1946 which con seeking tasks of the United Nations. retary of State, and other high officials ferred French citizenship on inhabitants would have to resign. In a speech last of black African dependencies and other September, Lynd was quoted as saying a overseas areas, decentralized certain Socialist scholar should be ready at any powers, and initiated participation by The Late Prime Minister Shastri, of India moment to put aside his books and devote local advisory assemblies in the political himself "to the jugular" to bring about a life of the overseas territories. EXTENSION OF REMARKS better world, and added: The enactment of the Overseas Reform OF I wonder whether every teacher who calls Act, known as the Loi Cadre of June 23, himself a Socialist does not have a duty to 1956, introduced further liberalizing re HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD become a professional revolutionary. forms. These forms, in addition to re OF MICHIGAN In speaking of the march on Washing moving remaining voting inequalities, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ton last August, Yale's professor said: provided for the creation of governmen Monday, January 10, 1966 Nothing could have stopped that crowd tal organs assuring a measure of self from taking possession of the Government. government to individual territories. Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, Perhaps next time we should keep going. On August 11, 1960, Chad became an in twice in less than 2 years, India has dependent nation. suffered the loss of its leader. Thomas Hayden, the third member of Each death has been a tragedy and a the trio, is a founder of the left-wing Under its third constitution approved April 14, 1962, the Republic of Chad crisis of major magnitude, not only to Students for a Democratic Society, and India, but to the world. is obviously pro-Communist. adopted a presidential type of govern ment. The chief of state has the title Each has also marked a turning point It is evident that this motley crew are and an awakening to reality in this new all retarded intellectuals and trouble of President of the Republic and is also the Chief Executive. The constitution yet old-land after centuries of slumber. makers. They should be made to an The first death was Prime Minister swer for their crimes. established a unicameral National As sembly with a 5-year term, an Economic Nehru, the Kashmir aristocrat who led and Social Council, and a Supreme Court. one-sixth of the world's population along Election of Assembly members is by uni the dangerous and difficult path of self Birthday Salutation to Republic of Chad versal adult suffrage. government for 17 years. Chad is self-sufficient in food produc The second death was Prime Minister tion, with room for expansion of both Shastri, the tiny man from near the holy EXTENSION OF REMARKS yield and acreage, and has extensive fish city of Benares, who attempted to weld OF resources as well as an estimated 4 to 5 India into a cohesive whole in the face of HON. BARRATT O'HARA million head of cattle. Fish, cattle, crises. OF n.LINOIS meat, and hides constitute the principal Nehru was a man of strength who be potential for increased exports, of which lieved passionately in peace, a world IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cotton now constitutes 80 percent. leader who saw his dreams of a neutral Monday, January 10, 1966 In planning for economic and social and economically strong India sur Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, development initial emphasis is being rounded by peaceful neighbors exploded as chairman of the African Subcommit given to education and technical train by Red Chinese attacks on Indian soil. tee of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, ing, the establishment of local processing Shastri was a man of compassion who I am happy and honored to extend birth industries, the construction of tourist ac believed in strength in the face of threats day greetings to the Republic of Chad, commodations and facilities, and im- from outside its borders and who turned January 10, 1966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 85 inward toward domestic problems rather Another bright spot in Cameroon's eco process created by Sanborn Map Co., all than outward toward the world. nomic picture is the potential of its min of the various installations are clearly Shastri was also a man of courage, ing industry. There is a large variety of shown on one basic grid. In addition, who negotiated a ceasefire with neigh mineral deposits such as gold, diamonds, each of the municipal and private utili boring Pakistan on the day of his death, manganese, mica, lignite, bauxite, and ties is shown individually with its own even though such negotiations were dan rutile-a primary source of titanium. overlay. The result is that repair and gerous to him politically. Thus far, however, only bauxite-alumi maintenance crews can operate with Prime Minister Shastri's time in office num ore-has been found in large quan greater ease and safety. Precious hours was short. But his accomplishments tity. Work is now well underway on·the may be saved. Hospitals and manufac may well prove to be among the greatest construction of a north-south railway turing plants, homes and schools will be in Indian history. route that will facilitate the transport of functioning far sooner after a power His efforts to bring peace to Kashmir, bauxite from the newly discovered Tibati failure. to feed the people of India and find the deposit of East Cameroon. This is, of course, an important service means by which India could defend itself Though the federation has been beset to assist our municipalities. Neverthe from Red Chinese aggression arc deeds with problems arising largely from cul less, I know from experience that it is which many thought impossible of tural differences which are a remnant of human nature to put things off, and I achievement. the colonial past, Government officials fear, therefore, that in the normal course Out of the death of this man so small have been steadfast in their determina of things it may be many years before in physical stature but so large in heart tion to keep these issues from fragment all of our municipalities have this pro and mind could come peace and stability ing the federal structure. tection. for India and the subcontinent and a I am certain that the Congress and the These underground maps and surveys richer life for its people. Nation join me in a salute to the gallant can be of inestimable value in determin struggle for unity and progress which ing breaks and interruptions of power Cameroon is striving to achieve. On this, transmission. They could result in the the sixth anniversary of the Federal Re pinpointing of disconnections of lines. Independence of Cameroon public of the Cameroon, I offer my warm cables, belts and transmission convey ezt congratulations and best wishes for ances and save vast expenditures. EXTENSION OF REMARKS the future. In cases of fire and flood these maps would be of great value to our municipal OF ities. HON. ADAM C. POWELL Underground Maps I do not venture to state that another OF NEW YORK power blackout, break, or shortage could IN. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EXTENSION OF REMARKS be prevented but these maps would mate OF rially aid in the work of restoration and Monday, January 10, 1966 report. Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, on the HON. EMANUEL CELLER Also with these maps cities could re 1st of January, the Federal Republic of OF NEW YORK duce the cost of urban renewal projects. Cameroon celebrated the 6th anniver IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They would aid in municipal fire pro sary of her independence. Congress was Monday, January 10, 1966 tection and sanitation. They could be not in session on this day, and I am helpful in matters of traffic control, sub therefore, belatedly, extending warm fe- Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, all of us way and tunnel construction, building of licitations to His Excellency Ahmadou were amazed and shocked on the evening highways and bridges, and for setting up Ahidjo, President of Cameroon; and to of November 9, 1965, when our entire telegraph and telephone systems. His Excellency, Joseph Owono, Cam- Northeast was blacked out and on the The uses are legion. eroon's Ambassador to the United States. brink of disaster. Many of our Gov- This date marked the anniversary of ernment agencies have been inquiring the independence of a most unusual Afri- into the situation, and have been seeking can state. This pleasant and beautiful ways and means of preventing a repeti Special Report on Vietnam country is Africa's only example of a tion. Unfortunately none of them has federation of English-speaking and been able to assure us that this could not EXTENSION OF REMARKS French-speaking states. The federation reoccur anywhere in the country-and OF is almost as large as the State of Texas, perhaps even on a far greater scale. and has a growing population, number- That is why I noted with great inter- HON. CRAIG HOSMER ing at present in excess of 4 million. est a recent meeting of officials of the oF cALIFORNIA The Cameroon was a German protec- Office of Civil Defense, the District of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES torate from 1884 to 1916 but was split Columbia, and other interested parties ·th th t t· f Monday, January 10, 1966 following World War I into two League Wl e op execu 1ves o a company of Nations mandates, one British and one called Sanborn Map Co., of Pelham, N.Y. Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, last No French. Following world war II, these They demonstrated for their- audience an vember I made a special report on Viet areas were converted into United Nations entirely new concept in underground nam to my constituents. Much of the Trust Territories. Each Cameroon at- maps. material in it still has application. I tained independence in 1960 and, after Why do I call attention to underground have asked ths:tt it be reproduced below: plebiscites in the British Cameroons-- maps? SPECIAL REPoRT oN VIETNAM February 1961-the present federation As we all know, beneath the surface of (By Congressman CRAIG HosMER) was created. The northern part of the our great cities are many miles of cables, "Vietniks" demand we get out of Vietnam. British Cameroons, whose citizens re- sewers, pipes, gas mains, vaults, and oth- Mothers wonder why their sons are sent jected federation with the Cameroon Re- er vital facilities. Frequently these un- there. The Presrtdent wants to negotiate. public, became an integral part of the derground conduits abut upon or over- Military leadeTs want a victory. Most Amer northern region of Nigeria in July 1961. lap each other. It is obvious, therefore, leans believe we should see it through. There Agriculture is the main occupation of that repair or maintenance work on any are many questions about the war. one may set off a chain reaction that What is the country llke? Half the size, the vast majority of the population and could seriously damage others. Certain- but similar in shape, population, and coast agricultural produce accounts for ap- ly urgent repairs necessitated by a ma- line to California. It's rugged-mostly thick proximately 80 percent of the country's jor power failure could be seriously tropical forests, dense mangrove swamps, and exports. Cameroon is nearly self-sum- hampered. oonceallng rice paddies. Vietnam. is more a · t 1 f d collection of small villages and hamlets than Clen n many 00 resources, some of It is a fact that each utility normally a strong nation to which the people give al- which ~re peanuts, ba~anas, millet, ~nd has a map of its own underground fa- legiance as we do to our country. The people palm 011 products. This fact alone gives cilities. However, frequently it knows are very poor. until recently their only con ~4: ?.:n <£.5!·.~nt~G-- · €~~~v:m::nrr·:nc·.y~,.,~::.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NATIONAL SKI WEEK view and worked and defended it, both in Mr. ROGERS of Colorado. Mr. Speak the great Committee on Appropriations and here on the floor of this House. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1966 er, I call up House Joint Resolution 767 and ask for its immediate consideration. For nearly half a century John Taber The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The Clerk read the resolution, as fol was one of the handful of men who are The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, lows: the real leaders of this House. During D.D., prefaced his prayer with these H.J. RES. 767 two Congresses, the 80th and the 83d, he words of Scripture: II Corinthians 4: 8: Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep was the chairman of the Committee on We are troubled on every side, yet not resentatives of the United States of America Appropriations. During the remaining distressed; we are perplexed but not in in Congress assembled, That the President of period, until his decision to retire volun despair. the United States is hereby authorized and tarily from Congress in 1963, he was the requested to issue a proclamation designat ranking minority member of that com Eternal God, whose visible presence is ing the period beginning January 21, 1966, mittee. Other Members can and I know withdrawn from us, give us a vivid and and ending January 30, 1966, as "National will want to comment more fully than I vital sense of the nearness of Thy Spirit, Ski Week," in recognition of the economic, can do on John Taber's work within that directing us in the ways of humility, recreational, and healthful aspects of the sport of skiing; and inviting the people of great committee. But I am sure they righteousness, and justice. the United States to observe such week by will agree with me that courage and in Grant that the daily record and in participation in appropriate ceremonies and tegrity were among his most outstanding fluence of our life, that we exert upon activities. attributes. others, may help them overcome their The resolution was agreed to. Once John Taber had made up his struggles and sorrows, misfortunes, and mind wha,t was the right course to fol miseries. A motion to reconsider was laid on the table. low, he never let any considerations of May the Master be our contemporary personal glory, or expediency, or party and companion in our efforts and en favor deflect him from that course. He thusiasm to build a better world and a THE LATE HONORABLE JOHN TABER was consistently a firm and solid rock finer civilization to bring peace and good for the principles and ideals of the gov will among men. The SPEAKER. Under an order of the House heretofore entered into, the ernmental policy in which he believed. We beseech Thee that our living for gentleman from New York [Mr. STRAT And those ideals in which he did believe the Kingdom of God may be more in TON] is recognized for 60 minutes. he espoused, incidentally, with a fervor ward and personal and incarnate and and a sense of deep conviction that is all pervade our thinking in regard to needy Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, as I too often lacking ir.. public life today. He humanity. informed the House on Monday, our was not afraid to go down the line for In Christ's name we pray. Amen. friend and former colleague, the Honor his convictions. He defended his own able John Taber, of Auburn, N.Y., passed views of fisca:i. responsibility on the floor away quietly during the recent congres of this House just as vigorously when the sional adjournment period, on November THE JOURNAL man in the White House was a Repub 2·2, 1965, following a long illness. lican as when he was a Democrat. The Journal of the proceedings of Most of the upstate New York district I like to think, Mr. Speaker, that this Monday, January 10, 1966, was read and which John Taber served with such great courage and det.ermina tion, and this approved. distinction for 40 years in this House, in granite forthrightness which John Ta cluding his home city of Auburn, is now ber's service here always typified, repre included in the district which I have sent the best in the soil and background ELECTION OF CLARENCE J. BROWN, the honor to represent. He was my im of upstate New York from which he JR., TO BE A MEMBER OF THE mediate predecessor as New York State's sprang. He represented a basically rural STANDING COMMITTEE ON GOV "Finger Lakes Congressman." And I am district, one that probably had more farm ERNMENT OPERATIONS proud to rise today to pay tribute to his families than almost any other district Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, long service in this House, and to the in the State. His rugged individuality, I call up House Resolution 635 and ask forcefulness and integrity which so his insistence on a strict accounting for for its immediate consideration. clearly marked his public career. every public tax dollar spent, his deter The Clerk read the resolution, as fol Few men or women have served longer mination to see that unneeded frills and lows: in Congress than John Taber served. embellishments were eliminated from H. RES. 635 And few ever stood more consistently or every Government operation, his insist determinedly for the ideals and beliefs ence that the taxpayer should get a solid Resolved, That CLARENCE J. BROWN, JR., Of I Ohio, be, and he is hereby, elected a member which they cherished. am sure many dollar of value for every dollar of Gov of the standing Committee of the House of of us would, in all candor, acknowledge ernment money spent-all these reflected Representatives on Government Operations. that we did not always agree with John the basic, working creed of those sturdy Taber's stands on some of the issues of men and women of rural, upstate New The resolution was agreed to. the day. But I know too that all of us York who for generations had had to A motion to reconsider was laid on the admired the courage and forthrightness wrest their living from a not always table. with which he expressed his point of friendly soil, and who had never been