Software-Defined and Cognitive Radio Technology for Military Space Applications
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Implementing MACA and Other Useful Improvements to Amateur Packet Radio for Throughput and Capacity
Implementing MACA and Other Useful Improvements to Amateur Packet Radio for Throughput and Capacity John Bonnett – KK6JRA / NCS820 Steven Gunderson – CMoLR Project Manager TAPR DCC – 15 Sept 2018 1 Contents • Introduction – Communication Methodology of Last Resort (CMoLR) • Speed & Throughput Tests – CONNECT & UNPROTO • UX.25 – UNPROTO AX.25 • Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (MACA) – Hidden Terminals • Directed Packet Networks • Brevity – Directory Services • Trunked Packet • Conclusion 2 Background • Mission County – Proverbial: – Coastline, Earthquake Faults, Mountains & Hills, and Missions – Frequent Natural Disasters • Wildfires, Earthquakes, Floods, Slides & Tsunamis – Extensive Packet Networks • EOCs – Fire & Police Stations – Hospitals • Legacy 1200 Baud Packet Networks • Outpost and Winlink 2000 Messaging Software 3 Background • Mission County – Proverbial: – Coastline, Earthquake Faults, Mountains & Hills, and Missions – Frequent Natural Disasters • Wildfires, Earthquakes, Floods, Slides & Tsunamis – Extensive Packet Networks • EOCs – Fire & Police Stations – Hospitals • Legacy 1200 Baud Packet Networks • Outpost and Winlink 2000 Messaging Software • Community Emergency Response Teams: – OK Drills – Neighborhood Surveys OK – Triage Information • CERT Form #1 – Transmit CERT Triage Data to Public Safety – Situational Awareness 4 Background & Objectives (cont) • Communication Methodology of Last Resort (CMoLR): – Mission County Project: 2012 – 2016 – Enable Emergency Data Comms from CERT to Public Safety 5 Background & -
Automatic Measurement of Rf Signal Spatial Properties and Antenna Patterns
AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF RF SIGNAL SPATIAL PROPERTIES AND ANTENNA PATTERNS Ing. Michal VAVRDA, Doctoral Degree Programme (2) Dept. of Radio Electronics, FEEC, BUT E-mail: [email protected] Ing. Ivo HERTL, Doctoral Degree Programme (2) Dept. of Radio Electronics, FEEC, BUT E-mail: [email protected] Supervised by: Dr. Zdeněk Nováček ABSTRACT Radio frequency signal measurement site is described in the presented paper. It enables direction setting by antenna rotator and signal frequency scanning and consequently measuring the parameters using a receiver. The site has two basic uses: measuring of antenna pattern; scanning and locating of RF signal. The site and its operation are made universally, the accuracy depends of rotator quality and parameter amount depends of receiver type. 1 INTRODUCTION The current development in wireless communication requires powerful technologies for antenna testing and signal measuring. Sophisticated devices measure plenty signal parameters, but there is not simply site, which combines the use of these devices with antenna rotator system for measuring the spatial properties of signal also. In this work the site for scanning, locating and measuring of radio frequency signal and measuring and testing the spatial properties of antennas is designed. It consists of antenna system, antenna rotor, receiver and control unit (rotator controller, PC and operating software). The antenna system and receiver type both has to be chosen depending on the measuring conditions (service, frequency band, bandwidth, polarisation, etc.). The locating accuracy is increased with antenna directivity but the necessary number of measuring directions is also increased. The antenna rotor quality determines the accuracy of location. -
Examining Ambiguities in the Automatic Packet Reporting System
Examining Ambiguities in the Automatic Packet Reporting System A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Electrical Engineering by Kenneth W. Finnegan December 2014 © 2014 Kenneth W. Finnegan ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP TITLE: Examining Ambiguities in the Automatic Packet Reporting System AUTHOR: Kenneth W. Finnegan DATE SUBMITTED: December 2014 REVISION: 1.2 COMMITTEE CHAIR: Bridget Benson, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering COMMITTEE MEMBER: John Bellardo, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Computer Science COMMITTEE MEMBER: Dennis Derickson, Ph.D. Department Chair, Electrical Engineering iii ABSTRACT Examining Ambiguities in the Automatic Packet Reporting System Kenneth W. Finnegan The Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) is an amateur radio packet network that has evolved over the last several decades in tandem with, and then arguably beyond, the lifetime of other VHF/UHF amateur packet networks, to the point where it is one of very few packet networks left on the amateur VHF/UHF bands. This is proving to be problematic due to the loss of institutional knowledge as older amateur radio operators who designed and built APRS and other AX.25-based packet networks abandon the hobby or pass away. The purpose of this document is to collect and curate a sufficient body of knowledge to ensure the continued usefulness of the APRS network, and re-examining the engineering decisions made during the network's evolution to look for possible improvements and identify deficiencies in documentation of the existing network. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures vii 1 Preface 1 2 Introduction 3 2.1 History of APRS . -
ANTENNA ROTATOR DESIGN and CONTROL by MUHAMMAD RUSYDI BIN BUCHEK 14302 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requ
ANTENNA ROTATOR DESIGN AND CONTROL by MUHAMMAD RUSYDI BIN BUCHEK 14302 Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) SEPTEMBER 2014 Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750 Tronoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL Antenna Rotator Design and Control by Muhammad Rusydi bin Buchek 14302 A project dissertation submitted to the Electrical & Electronics Engineering Programme Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (Hons) (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS) Approved by, _____________________ (AP Dr Mohd Noh Karsiti) UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS TRONOH, PERAK September 2014 i CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY This is to certify that I am responsible for the work submitted in this project, that the original work is my own except as specified in the references and acknowledgements, and that the original work contained herein have not been undertaken or done by unspecified sources or persons. ___________________________________________ MUHAMMAD RUSYDI BIN BUCHEK ii ABSTRACT This paper consists of design and development of rotator for antenna positioning according to the desired azimuth and elevation. The rotator is to have the capability to be manually controlled (press button switch) or software driven. It should incorporate safety stop switches as well as position and speed sensors in order to achieve smooth movement and correct stopping position. The basic principle needs to be studies are speed control using the microcontroller, exact angle of position movement, and stoppable motor can be done in time due to emergency cases. As larger load is applied to the device, the large inertia will need to be compensated to achieve a good dynamic. -
C-Band TWG-1 Best Practices Annexes
ANNEX D Approved June 4, 2020 Terrestrial-Satellite Coexistence During and After the C-Band Transition Technical Work Group #1 Scope of Work 1. Preventing Interference 1.1. Emphasize the need for the FCC to complete its review of the pending C-Band incumbent earth station registration and modification applications in IBFS. 1.2. Agree on relevant data necessary for protection of Earth stations. (All 3.7 GHz Service licensees need to work from a common list of Earth stations.) 1.3. Understand best practices that 3.7 GHz Service licensees use to predict whether the FCC- specified power flux density (PFD) limits will be exceeded at earth station locations. 1.4. Agree on a common method for converting between PFD and power spectral density (PSD) at the Earth station. 1.5. Understand the nature of the Earth station receive filters to ensure that they will be adequate to reject 3.7 GHz Service signals below 3.98 GHz over a range of environmental conditions in order to ensure that the FCC-specified blocking PFD limit is met. 2. Interference Detection 2.1. Develop a procedure for earth stations to positively identify or exclude sources of interference. This procedure should rapidly eliminate non-3.7 GHz Service causes and initiate the inter-service interference resolution process. Consider whether a detection and alerting mechanism could be automated, particularly for major Earth station facilities. 2.2. Develop estimates of distances between 3.7 GHz facilities and earth stations beyond which interference is unlikely. 2.3. Develop a process for positively identifying or excluding sources of 3.7 GHz interference. -
Linux Amateur Radio AX.25 HOWTO
Linux Amateur Radio AX.25 HOWTO Jeff Tranter, VE3ICH [email protected] v2.0, 19 September 2001 The Linux operating system is perhaps the only operating system in the world that can boast native and standard support for the AX.25 packet radio protocol utilized by Amateur Radio operators worldwide. This document describes how to install and configure this support. Linux Amateur Radio AX.25 HOWTO Table of Contents 1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 1.1. Changes from the previous version...................................................................................................1 1.2. Where to obtain new versions of this document...............................................................................1 1.3. Other related documentation.............................................................................................................1 2. The Packet Radio Protocols and Linux........................................................................................................3 2.1. How it all fits together......................................................................................................................3 3. The AX.25/NET/ROM/ROSE software components...................................................................................5 3.1. Finding the kernel, tools and utility packages..................................................................................5 3.1.1. The -
Programmable Antenna Rotator VH226F User's Manual
Programmable Antenna Rotator VH226F User's Manual Unpacking Installing the Outdoor Drive Make sure the following pieces are in the box: Unit (1) Drive unit Step 1: Attach cable to the drive unit (1) Control unit 1. Run cable (not included) to the drive unit. (1) Remote control IMPORTANT: Up to 150’ (46m) of 20AWG 3 Hardware kit: conductor cable may be used. For longer runs, use heavier (2) U Bolts gauge wire. (5) Rotor-Mounting Bolts 2. Unscrew the single screw on the bottom door. Swing (3) Short Brackets the door open. (1) Long Bracket (with guy-wire holes) 3. Insert the cable through the grommet on the side of (10) Nuts the drive unit. (8) Washers 4. Separate the cable leads for 1.5”(4cm) and strip off Note: Bolts require a 10mm or adjustable wrench (not the insulation for 0.5”. included). continues on next page... This is class II equipment designed with double or reinforced insulation so it does Important Information not require a safety connection to electrical earth (US: ground). The MAINS plug is used as the disconnect device, the disconnect device shall IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS remain readily operable. PLEASE READ AND SAVE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE Plugging in for power AC OUTLET POWER SUPPLY: 100–240 V ~ 50/60 Hz The AC power plug is polarized (one blade is wider than the other) and only fits into AC power outlets one way. If the plug will not go into the outlet completely, WARNING: turn the plug over and try to insert it the other way. -
Cognitive Radio Technology This Page Intentionally Left Blank Fettechapt Prelims.Qxd 6/27/06 9:57 AM Page Iii
FetteChapt_Prelims.qxd 6/27/06 9:57 AM Page i Cognitive Radio Technology This page intentionally left blank FetteChapt_Prelims.qxd 6/27/06 9:57 AM Page iii Cognitive Radio Technology Edited by Bruce A. Fette AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Newness is an important of Elsevier FetteChapt_Prelims.qxd 6/27/06 9:57 AM Page iv Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK Copyright © 2006, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (ϩ44) 1865 843830, fax: (ϩ44) 1865 853333, E-mail: HYPERLINK "mailto:[email protected]" [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier.com), by selecting “Support & Contact” then “Copyright and Permission” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, Elsevier prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cognitive radio technology / edited by Bruce A. Fette.—1st ed. p. cm.—(Communications engineering series) Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN-13: 978-0-7506-7952-7 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-7506-7952-2 (alk. paper) 1. Software radio. 2. -
Spotting IMAGE
Editor-in-Chief Joe Kornowski, KB6IGK Assistant Editors Bernhard Jatzeck, VA6BMJ Douglas Quagliana, KA2UPW/5 W.M. Red Willoughby, KC4LE Paul Graveline, K1YUB Volume 41, Number 3 MayJune 2018 in this issue ... Spotting Apogee View .................................3 IMAGE by Joe Spier • K6WAO Engineering Update .....................5 by Jerry Buxton • N0JY ARISS Update ...............................7 by Frank Bauer • KA3HDO Recovering NASA’s IMAGE Satellite Using the Doppler Effect ..............................................8 by Scott Tilley • VE7TIL A Whole Orbit Data Simulation Based on Orbit Prediction Software...................11 by Carl E. Wick • N3MIM Evolution of the Vita 74 Standard (VNX) for CubeSat Applications ................................14 by Bill Ripley • KY5Q Jorge Piovesan Alonzo Vera • KG5RGV Patrick Collier AMSAT Academy at Duke City Hamfest ..............................19 My Great Spring Rove 2018 ......20 by Paul Overn • KE0PBR Wireless Autonomic Antenna Follower Rotator .......21 by Horacio Bouzas • VA6DTX Hamvention Photo Gallery .....24 mailing offices mailing and at additional at and At Kensington, MD Kensington, At Kensington, MD 20895-2526 MD Kensington, POSTAGE PAID POSTAGE 10605 Concord St., Suite 304 Suite St., Concord 10605 Periodicals AMSAT-NA T EO-P Are you ready for Fox 1C 1D ? Missing out on all the M2 offers a complete line of top uality amateur, commercial action on the latest birds The M2 EO-Pack is a great and military grade antennas, positioners solution for EO communication. ou do not need an and accessories. eleation rotator for casual operation, but eleation will allow full gain oer the entire pass. We produce the finest off-the-shelf and custom radio freuency products aailable anywhere. The 2MCP8A is a circularly polaried antenna optimied for the 2M satellite band. -
(Pdf) Download
1 2 • Winlink programs group: “Official Group to support Winlink Team developed Products, both user and gateway software” • Winlink_for_EmComm: “Supports the discussion and use of the Winlink network and Winlink products for emergency or event support communications. ” 3 4 5 6 7 8 1. Digital voice radio works in exactly the same fashion, except that it deals with audio input, not text. 2. PACKET-1200 uses frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation with a 1000Hz shift and 1200 Bd symbol rate. There are a number of variations for PACKET-1200, including a PSK-based satellite version. PACKET-1200 can be seen in the VHF and UHF bands with indirect FM Modulation. FM bandwidth is 12 kHz. 3. See https://www.sigidwiki.com/wiki/PACKET#PACKET-1200 9 10 11 12 • That’s the packet sound • Each individual packet! • Carrier detect • ”NAK” = “NO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT” – resend • ”ACK” – “ACKNOWLEDGEMENT” – send the next packet • Too many retries, and the sending station stops sending (connection is dropped) • Breaking the message into small packets makes it easier to send a large message. But ALL packets MUST be received in order for the message to be read, 13 • One bye = 8 bits = 1 alphanumeric character • See https://tapr.org/pub_ax25.html • FLAG: start and end of each packet • Address: sender, receiver, and the path in between • Control (CTRL): The control field is responsible for identifying the type of “frame” being sent, and is also used to convey commands and responses from one end of the link to the other in order to maintain proper link control • The length of DATA is ≤ 255, and is set by the use. -
Virginia Tech Ground Station TNC Interfacing Tutorial
Virginia Tech Ground Station TNC Interfacing Tutorial Zach Leffke, MSEE ([email protected]) Research Associate Aerospace Systems Lab Ted & Karyn Hume Center for National Security and Technology 3/23/2018 Agenda VHF/UHF • TNC Connection Overview 3.0m Dish Antennas • KISS Protocol 4.5m Dish • AX.25/HDLC Protocol • AFSK/FSK/GMSK Modulation • ….System Review…. • OSI Stack • Remote Connection Students assembling • VTGS Remote Interface 4.5m Dish • Summary Deployable Space@VT Ops Center 1.2m Dish GNU Radio at work (students preparing for 2016 RockSat Launch) 3/23/2018 TNC Interfacing Tutorial 2 Preview of the Finale…………… Primary Ground Station - UPEC Host Computer Client Software TNC TC SW TNC SW SoundCard AX.25 AX.25 KISS Interface KISS HDLC RADIO Localhost DATA FM TCP TCP AFSK D to A LOOPBACK IN RF Spacecraft IP IP IP IP MAC C&DH Audio Audio Comput HOST OS NETWORK RADIO er TC SW FIRMWARE AX.25 AX.25 KISS HDLC KISS AFSK SERIAL Remote Ground Station - VTGS FM SERIAL RF Host Computer Telecommand (TC) TTL Serial Software TNC TNC SW SoundCard AX.25 INTERNET KISS Interface HDLC RADIO DATA FM TCP AFSK D to A HOST IN RF OS IP NET VPN CONNECTION MAC Audio Audio Radio 3/23/2018 TNC Interfacing Tutorial 3 TNC Connection Overview TNC Implementation Types Hardware Radio DATA Jack Specific Interface Examples 3/23/2018 TNC Interfacing Tutorial 4 TNC Implementation Summary • Multiple implementation options exist • Hardware TNC Ground Station • Software TNC + Sound Card • Software Defined Radio Receiver • Software Defined Radio Transceiver • Hybrid SDR RX / HW Radio TX implementations 3/23/2018 TNC Interfacing Tutorial 5 Hardware Radios – Common for Satellite 3/23/2018 TNC Interfacing Tutorial 6 Hardware TNCs 3/23/2018 TNC Interfacing Tutorial 7 Radio Sound Card Interfaces • Good ones offer optical isolation (optocouplers). -
Antenna System for a Ground Station Communicating with the NTNU Test Satellite (NUTS)
Antenna system for a ground station communicating with the NTNU Test Satellite (NUTS) Beathe Hagen Stenhaug Master of Science in Electronics Submission date: July 2011 Supervisor: Odd Gutteberg, IET Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Problem Description NTNU is planning to develop and launch a student satellite named NUTS. This satellite will need a ground station for transmitting commands and receiv- ing telemetry. The ground station will be located at NTNU premises, utilizing the existing antenna pedestal. The task is to analyze, design, build and test a scale model antenna system for this ground station. The work should focus on an array antenna consisting of either 2 or 4 helical elements. The preliminary specications are Center frequency: 437 MHz. Bandwidth: The bandwidth should as a minimum, cover the actual am- ateur frequency band [435-439 MHz], as well as the anticipated Doppler shift. Antenna gain: Approximately 12 - 20 dB. The actual gain will be based on the revised link budget. Interface: Compatible with the receiver/transmitter to be used. Steerability: 0 - 360 degrees in azimuth and 0 - 180 degrees in elevation. Environmental specication: Operational wind velocity: 15 m/s. In addition to designing and building the antenna system, a feasibility study of the various available tracking systems should be carried out. Assignment given: February 2011 Supervisor: Odd Gutteberg, IET Preface This document is my master thesis carried out in the spring of 2011 at the De- partment of Electronics and Telecommunication (IET) at the Norwegian Uni- versity of Science and Technology (NTNU). NTNU is the third university to join the ANSAT (Norwegian Student Satellite Program), and the goal with ANSAT is to have three student satellites launched before the end of 2014.