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Cohesiveness of Grammatical Devices in the Opening Statement Text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at Bali Democracy Forum Vii

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Cohesiveness of Grammatical Devices in the Opening Statement Text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at Bali Democracy Forum Vii COHESIVENESS OF GRAMMATICAL DEVICES IN THE OPENING STATEMENT TEXT BY SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO AT BALI DEMOCRACY FORUM VII A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Strata One (S1) DIAN AGUSTINA 1110026000097 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY ISLAMIC STATE UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2015 ABSTRACT Dian Agustina, Cohesiveness of Grammatical Devices in the Opening Statement Text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on Bali Democracy Forum VII. Thesis: English Letters Department, Letters and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2015. The purpose of this research is to find out the forms of grammatical cohesion and its types in the speech text and analyze how the grammatical cohesion device utilized in the text. In this research the writer only analyzed forms of grammatical cohesion in the opening statement text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono as the former President of Indonesia along with the types of grammatical cohesion itself in the form of reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. The method that used in this research is descriptive qualitative. It means the writer tries to answer the questions by describing the problem in this research. From the data collected, the writer found four elements of grammatical cohesion that are appeared in the opening statement text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on Bali Democracy Forum VII. They are (1) Reference, types of reference found; personal, and demonstrative. (2) Substitution, types of substitution found; nominal, and clausal. (3) Ellipsis, type of ellipsis found is nominal. Then (4) Conjunction, types of conjunction found; additive, adversative, causal, and temporal. After analyzing the data, the writer concludes grammatical cohesion is indispensable to form a whole text, in this case the opening statement text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on Bali Democracy Forum VII. Keyword: Grammatical Cohesion, Reference, Substitution, Ellipsis, Conjunction. i APPROVEMENT COHESIVENESS OF GRAMMATICAL DEVICES IN THE OPENING STATEMENT TEXT BY SUSIO BAMBANG YUDIIOYONO AT BALI DEMOCRACY FORUM VII A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Strata One DIAN AGUSTTNA n10026000097 Approved by: Advisor I Advisor Il ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATIILLAII JAKARTA 20Ls LEGALIZATION Name : Dian Agustina NiM : 1110026000097 Title : Cohesiveness of Grammatical Devices in the Opening Statement Text by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at Bali Democracy Forum VII The thesis entitled above has been defended before the Letters and Humanities Faculty's Examination Committee on July tr't, 2015. It has already been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the recluirements for the degree of strata one. Jakarta, July 1", 20X5 Examination Commiffee Sjgngture Date 1. Drs. Saefudin. M.Pd. (chair@ i'/:' NIP.19640710 199303 1 006 le Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum. (Secretary) "l;' NIP. 1 9781 003 200112 2 002 3. Dr. Frans Sa),oeie, S.H. M.H.. M.Pd (Advisor I) NtP. 19700310 200003 1 002 My t9 4. Abdr-rrrosyid. S.S." M.EIL (Advisor II) 't 5. Dr. M. Farkhan. M.Pd (Examiner I) 2[/t, b NrP. 19650919 200003 1 002 6. Rima Mr-rryantina. S.Hurm.. M,Ling (Examiner iI) bfi tc I',l I DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the next. Jakarta, July 2015 Dian Agustina iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, praise belongs to Allah Subhanahu wata’ala, the Most Merciful of the world. The writer likes to thank Allah Subhanahu wata’ala, the lord of the world for giving her the best guidance, brightest lights and deepest mercy. The pour of blessing lead her to finish this thesis. Shalawat and Salam always devoted to our Prophet Muhammad Shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam, peace be upon him, who has guided us from the darkness to enlightenment in the world. In this occasion, the writer would like to express her gratitude for her advisors, Mr. Dr. Frans Sayogie, S.H, M.H., M.Pd and Mr. Abdurrosyid, S.S., M.EIL who always give inspirations, encouragements, critiques, and sincere guidance for her to finish the thesis. Herein, she also would like to thankful to her examiner Mr. Dr. M. Farkhan, M.Pd and Mrs. Rima Muryantina, S.Hum., M.Ling who examine this thesis comprehensively and give the writer good suggestions that make this thesis better. The writer also would like to take this opportunity for expressing her deep and sincere gratitude and thankfulness to: 1. Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M.Ag, the Dean of Faculty of Letters and Humanities. 2. Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd., the Head of English Letters Department. 3. Mrs. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum., the Secretary of English Letters Department. 4. All of the lecturers in English Letters Department for their valuable knowledge. 5. All the librarians of Adab and Humanities Faculty and State Islamic v University. 6. Her beloved parents: Suharnata and Dwi Sutanti for their limitless support, pray and endless love. 7. Her friends especially Happy C Family for their support and suggestion in writing her thesis. 8. Her close companions, Fadillah Mahmudah, Adea Fitriana, Aida Soraya, Siti Aisyah, Yusron Amalia, Ega Dwi Rakhmawati, Lala Nufaela, Deri Indrya Santhi, Winda Ainur Happy, and Audia Eriana, for their motivation strength, supports, cares, entertaining and long friendship. Finally, she realizes that this thesis is not perfect, that is why she welcomes to receive the criticism and suggestion for this thesis to be better. She hopes this thesis will be useful, particularly for her and for those who interested in this field. Jakarta, July 2015 The Writer vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………................i APPROVEMENT……………………………………………………………….ii LEGALIZATION……………………………………………………………....iii DECLARATION……………………………………………………………….iv ACKNOWLEDMENT…………………………………………….....................v TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………................vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study………………………………………..................1 B. Focus of the Study………………………………………………................2 C. Research Question……………………………………………………........3 D. Objectives of the Study...……………………………………….................3 E. Significance of the Study………………………………………………….3 F. Research Methodology……………………………………………......…..4 1. Research Method……….…….…………………………….……..…..4 2. Data Analysis Technique…….......………………………..……......…4 3. Unit of analysis…………………………………………..…….……...5 4. Instrument of the Research……………………………..………….….5 CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK A. Previous Research………………………………………………................6 B. The Definition of Discourse……………………………………………….8 vii C. The Definition of Text Unity……………………………………….…….9 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS A. Data Description………………………………………………................27 B. Data Analysis…………………………………………………………….28 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusion…………………………………………………….................67 B. Suggestion……………………………………………...………...……...68 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………...………69 APPENDIX….......................................................................................................71 viii 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. Background of Study Cohesiveness in a text or discourse is the most crucial thing. The harmony and the links between one sentence and another sentence are the main key of determining legibility factor. A state element that refers to each other and has semantically relation, it is called cohesion. With cohesion, a discourse to be coherent: each part forming discourse.1 Discourse is a unit of the largest or highest language above the sentence or clause with the high coherence and cohesion that have sustained in the beginning and ending that delivered orally or writing.2 The discourse often discovered in human life, whether written or oral. Written discourse should be interconnected between one and another series to find an idea or concepts that presented in the discourse.3 A good discourse is inseparable from the cohesion and coherence elements. Cohesion has connection between sentences in a discourse, include grammatical and lexical stratum in particular.4 Coherence has a connection of cohesion meaning between parts of discourse.5 Cohesion discerns the relationship or bond discourse, while the coherence discerns a whole of meaning that conveyed by a discourse. If a discourse cohesive, it will be created coherency. Its means the 1 Kushartanti dkk, Pesona Bahasa (Jakarta: PT.Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2005), p.96 2 H.G. Tarigan, Pengajaran Wacana (Bandung: Angkasa, 1987), p.27 3 Ibid 4 Ibid,.p.96 5 M.A.K. Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan, Cohesion In English. (London: Longman, 1976), p.148 1 2 Content of discourse is correct.6 Without cohesion, it will not be created coherency, for instance, attention this following sentences: In this research, the writer will only examine cohesion markers especially in grammatical cohesion. According to M.A.K. Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan’s theory, grammatical cohesion embraces four devices: reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction7. In other words, cohesion learns to identify the structure that described in a text, through the elements which refers to each
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