Proceedings 4th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar EUSAR

4-6 June 2002, Cologne, Germany incl. CD ROM

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Organized by ITG / VDI

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technically sponsored by EUREL, URSI, DGON, IEEE

UB/TIB Hannover 89 123 857 031

VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach Contents

Spaceborne SAR Systems I

1 RADARSAT-2 Program Update (new paper) 25 L. Brule, Canadian Space Agency, Canada; H. Baeggli, MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates, Ltd., Canada

2 Analysis of Bistatic Configurations for Spaceborne SAR Interferometry 29 H. Fiedler, G. Krieger, F. Jochim, M. Kirschner, A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

3 PARIS Mode in a SAR Mission 33 A. P. Thompson, C. H. Mathew, Astrium Ltd, Earth Observation & Science, UK

Spaceborne SAR Systems II

4 The RADARSAT-2&3 Topographic Mission 37 N. Evans, P. Lee, MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates, Ltd, Canada

5 Potentials of Reflector Antenna Technology for a Fully Polarimetric L-band Spaceborne SAR Instrument Targeting Land Applications 41 R. Schroder, K.-H. Zeller, H. SQI3, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

6 Multi-Mode SAR System Model Design for Small Satellite Platform 45 Y. K. Kwag, Hankuk Aviation University, Korea

7 TerraSAR X - Design and Performance 49 M. Suess, S. Riegger, W. Pitz, Astrium GmbH, Friedrichshafen, Germany; R. Werninghaus, DLR, Bonn, Germany

Wide Bandwidth and Low Frequency SAR

8 Ultra-Wideband Multi-static Synthetic Aperture Radar for the Detection and Location of Land Mines 53 D. J. Lloyd, D. Longstaff, University of Queensland, Australia

9 Some Results on Detection of Targets Deployed in Hide under Foliage 57 A. Gustavsson, L. M. H. Ulander, P.-O. Frolind, T. Jonsson, B. Larsson, G. Stengstrom, Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), Sweden; P. Martineau, 0. du Plessis, D. Le Coz, Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales (ONERA), France

10 Under Foliage Observation of Corner Reflectors and Commodity Trucks with a Full Polarimetric UHF SAR 61 L. Pastore, H. Cantalloube, Office National D'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales, France; F. Daout, Universite de Paris, France

11 Antenna Effects on Polarimetric Imagery in Ultra-Wide SAR 65 J. M. Ralston, E. L. Ayers, The Institute for Defense Analysis, Virginia, USA Image Generation I

12 Comparison of Chirp Scaling and Wavenumber Domain Algorithms for Airborne Low Frequency SAR Processing 69 A. Potsis, N. Uzunoglou, National Technical University of Athens, Greece; A. Reigber, TU Berlin, Germany; A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; L. Ferro-Famil, Universite de Rennes 1, France

13 An Extension of the Chirp Scaling Algorithm to 3-D Near-Field Radar Imaging 73 E. Gimeno-Nieves, C. Pascual, J. M. Lopez-Sanchez, Ingenierfa de Sistemas y Teoria de la Serial (DFISTS), Spain

14 Application of Multi-Look Techniques for Interferometric SAR Data (new paper) 77 R. Scheiber, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; V. M. Bothale, Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), India

Image Generation II

15 First Experimental Results Achieved with the New Very Wideband SAR System PAMIR 81 A. R. Brenner, J. H. G. Ender, FGAN/FHR, Germany

16 Doppler Centroid Estimation for ScanSAR Data 87 C. Cafforio, P. Guccione, Politecnico di Bari, A. Monti Guarnieri, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

17 Design and Validation of a Subaperture SAR Processor for Airborne Systems 91 P. Prats, A. Broquetas, J. Mallorqui, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Spain; M. Bara, Vocal Technologies, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Spain

18 Ground Elevation and Squint Dependent Motion Compensation for SAR Bidimensional Processors 95 L. S. Pastore, H. M. J. Cantalloube, Office National D'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales; A. Priou, IUT de Ville d'Avray, Universite de Paris, France

Special Aspects of Image Generation

19 Suppression of Ambiguities by Phase Coding 97 G. Kramer, FGAN/FHR, Germany

20 Weighting Windows Based on Atomic Functions and their Use in SAR Digital Signal Processing 101 V. F. Kravchenko, M. A. Basarab, Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russia

21 Synthetic Aperture Inversion for Non-Flat Topography 105 C. J. Nolan, M. Cheney, University of Limerick, Ireland

22 High Resolution Airborne SAR at Long Range and Flat Grazing Angle 109 J. Hippler, Dornier GmbH, Germany SAR Application to Ocean

23 A Novel Morphological Covering Algorithm for Sea SAR Image Fractal Analysis .... 113 F. Berizzi, G. Bertini, E. Dalle Mese, M. Martorella, University of Pisa, Italy

24 A Class of Algorithms for Multibaseline ATI-SAR Oceanic Surface Velocity Estimation in Presence of Bimodal Doppler Spectrum 117 F. Bordoni, F. Gini, F. Lombardini, L. Verrazzani, University of Pisa, Italy

25 Current Estimation Using Burst Mode Data 121 W. Hughes, M. Van der Kooij, Atlantis Scientific Inc., Canada

Other Applications

26 Some Investigation of Subsurface Hydrological Soil Regime Using Multi-Frequency Polarimetric SAR 125 B. Kutuza, A. Kalinkevitch, Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics; E. Vostrov, A. Dzenkevich, V. Plushchev, G. Koshevarov, V. Manakov, L. Melnikov, I. Porohov, Moscow Scientific Research Institute for Instrument Engineering; N. Dobrinin, Russian Inst. of Soil Monitoring, Russia

27 Interferometric Mapping of Antarctica Using RADARSAT 129 R. Carande, D. R. Fatland, J. Miller, X. Wu, Vexcel Corporation; K. Jezek, Ohio State University, USA

28 An Algorithm for the Separation of Topography and Displacement-Related Phase Components in Repeat-Pass-lnterferograms: Applications on Monitoring of Arctic Glaciers 133 F. Meyer, Technical University Munich; 0. Hellwich, Technical University Berlin, Germany

29 A Ku-Band SAR Instrument for Snow Cover Measurements 137 B. Grafmuller, Astrium GmbH, Germany

Image Enhancement

30 Adaptive Edge Enhancement in SAR Images - Training on the Data vs. Training on Simulated Data 141 A. Dimou, N. Uzunoglu, National Technical University of Athens, Greece; G. Jager, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

31 Fusion of Multi-Variate Edge Detectors for High-Resolution Polarimetric SAR Images 145 D. Borghys, C. Perneel, M. Acheroy, Royal Military Academy, Belgium

32 SAR Image Reconstruction Using Minimum Cross-Entropy Methods 149 M. Grippa, I. H. Woodhouse, The University of Edinburgh, UK

33 3D Scene Reconstruction and Structure Recognition from Metric Resolution INSAR . 153 M. Quartulli, M. Datcu, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany Airborne SAR Systems

34 PAMIR - a Wideband Phased Array SAR/MTI System 157 J. Ender, A. R. Brenner, FGAN/FHR, Germany

35 High-Resolution Airborne FM-CW SAR: Design and Processing Aspects 163 J. J. M. de Wit, P. Hoogeboom, International Research Centre on Telecommunications- Transmission and Radar, The Netherlands

36 Design Approach to the SIVAM Airborne Multi-Frequency, Multi-Mode SAR System 167 J. Steyn, M. M. Goulding, D. R. Stevens, P. R. Lim, MacDonald Dettwiler, Canada; J. Steinbacher, J. Tofil, T. Durak, K. Wesolowicz, Veridian Systems, Division, Ann Arbor, USA

37 W-Band-Radar System in a Dual-Mode Seeker for Autonomous Target Detection ... 171 I Malenke, T. Oelgart, W. Rieck, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany

ENVISAT

38 The Advanced SAR System on ENVISAT: Mission Status 175 M. Zink, R. Torres, C. H. Buck, ESA-ESTEC, The Netherlands; B. Rosich, J. Closa, ESA-ESRIN, Italy

39 Verification of the ASAR Processing Facility and ASAR Product Validation 177 B. Rosich, J. Closa, ESA/ESRIN, Italy

40 Multi-mode ENVISAT ASAR Interferometry: Techniques and Preliminary Results .... 179 A. Monti Guarnieri, Politecnico di Milano; C. Cafforio, P. Guccione, Politecnico di Bari, Italy; P. Pasquali, SARMAP SA; D. Niietsch, D. Small, E. Meier, University of Zurich, Switzerland; M. Zink, Y. L. Desnos, ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands

41 Imaging Ocean Waves Using ENVISAT ASAR Wave Mode 183 H. Johnsen, G. Engen, NORUT IT, Norway; B. Chapron, Oceanographie Spatiale, Plouzane, France

Reconfigurable SAR Systems

42 Performance Investigation on the High Resolution, Wide Swath SAR System 187 M. Siifl, M. Zubler, R. Zahn, Astrium GmbH, Germany

43 An Evaluation of Performance Parameters of Software Defined Radar Sensors .... 191 M. Younis, C. Fischer, W. Wiesbeck, University of Karlsruhe, Germany

44 Fast Nonlinear Inversion for the Detection of Anti-Personnel Mines with Multistatic Radar Systems 195 C. Fischer, M. Younis, W. Wiesbeck, University of Karlsruhe, Germany

45 Simulation of a Distributed Real-Time SAR Processor 199 F. H0eg, E. Lintz Christensen, The Technical University of Denmark; J. Hjelm J0rgensen, Vitesse Semicoductor, Herlev, Denmark Moving Target Indication I

46 Effect of Aircraft Crabbing on Sidelooking STAP Radar 203 R. Klemm, FGAN/FHR, Germany

47 Flight Test Results of a Multi-Channel SAR/MTI Real-Time System 209 J. Meyer-Hilberg, B. Bickert, J. Schmid, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany

48 Moving Target Indication (MTI) Using Multi-Channel Along-Track Interferometer in X-band and Antenna with Wide Illumination Pattern in Ku-band 213 H. M. J. Cantalloube, Office National D'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales, France

49 Detection of Moving Targets in Wideband SAR Using Fast Time Backprojection Processing 217 M. I. Pettersson, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Sweden

Moving Target Indication II

50 Entropy Concept for Change Detection in Multitemporal SAR Images 221 R. Z. Schneider, D. Fernandes, Centra Tecnico Aeroespacial (CTA), Brazil

51 Estimating Scene Coherence in a Change Detection Experiment Using the DSTO Ingara SAR 225 M. Preiss, D. Gray, N. Stacy, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Australia

52 Detection of Ground Moving Targets in Clutter with Rotational Wigner-Radon Transforms 229 V. C. Chen, Naval Research Laboratory, USA

53 Multi-Channel Segmentation of Moving Objects in Along-Track Interferometry Data 233 K. Schulz, U. Soergel, U. Thbnnessen, FGAN/FOM, Germany

Calibration

54 An End-to-End Simulator for Spaceborn SAR-Systems 237 R. Speck, M. Hager, M. Garcia, H. SuR, Deutsches Zentrum fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

55 Estimation of Carrier Track for High Precision SAR Imaging Using Active Reference Reflectors 241 P. Berens, FGAN/FHR, Germany

56 Calibration of Airborne Single-Pass Interferometry Data 245 J. Dall, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark

57 Encoded Reference Target for InSAR Measurements D. Hounam, K. Wagel, R. Bauer, M. Schwerdt, DLR, Germany paper has been withdrawn by author(s) Polarimetry I

58 Advances in Wide-Band Multi-Modal POL-IN-SAR Imaging 249 W.-M. Boerner, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA

59 An Analysis of Eigenvector Components from Polarimetric SAR Data 255 T. L. Ainsworth, Naval Research Laboratory, USA, S. R. Cloude, J. S. Lee, AEL-Consultants, Scotland

60 Polarimetric Properties of Ground Clutter at 35 GHz 259 H. Schimpf, FGAN/FHR, Germany

61 Polarimetric Analysis of PI-SAR Airborne Polarimetric SAR System 263 M. Sato, K. Murakami, Tohoku University, Japan

Polarimetry II

62 Speckle Noise Model for the Polarimetric Covariance Matrix 267 C. Lopez-Martinez, X. F. Canovas, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

63 Speckle Filtering of Polarimetric SAR Interferometry Data for Forest Applications . . 271 J.-S. Lee, M. R. Grunes, T. L. Ainsworth, D. L. Schuler, Naval Research Laboratory, USA; S. R. Cloude, AEL Consultants, Scotland

64 The Potential of Surface Parameter Estimation from Interferometric SAR (title changed) 275 I. Hajnsek, K. P. Papathanassiou, A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; S. R. Cloude, AEL Consultants, Scotland

65 A 3-Stange Inversion Process for Polarimetric SAR Interferometry 279 S. R. Cloude, AEL Consultants, Scotland; K. P. Papathanassiou, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

Feature extraction

66 Detection of High Reflectance Regions from SAR Images 283 E. Bratsolis, M. Sigelle, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications (ENST), France

67 Road Extraction from Multi-Frequency and Polarimetric SAR Imagery 287 B. Wessel, C. Wiedmann, Technische Universitat Miinchen; 0. Hellwich, TU, Berlin, Germany

68 Assessment of Road Extraction Performance Using Photographic and Quasi- Photographic SAR Imagery 291 D. Corr, A. Rodrigues, P. G. Ducksbury, QinetiQ Space Department, UK; W. Harvey, D. McKeown, Carnegie Mellon University, USA; A. Zmuda, ESA-ESRIN, Italy

69 Extraction of Surface Parameters from Multi-Fequency and Polarimetric SAR Data . 295 S. Allain, L. Ferro-Famil, E. Pottier, The University of Rennes, France; I. Hajnsek, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany Technology I

70 X-Band SAR Instrument Demonstrator (DESA) Results and Outlook 299 R. Zahn, H. Braumann, M. Stangl, J. Link, Astrium GmbH, Germany

71 Highly Integrated Cost-Effective Standard X-Band T/R Module Using LTCC Housing Concept for Automated Production 303 R. Rieger, B. Schweizer, H. Dreher, R. Reber, M. Adolph, H.-P. Feldle, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany

72 Membrane Antenna for a SAR Application 307 P. Wood, EMS Technologies; G. Seguin, Canadian Space Agency, Canada

73 Design of an Airborne Dual-Polarized Triple Stacked Patch Antenna for Broadband SAR Applications in P-Band 311 M. Limbach, Deutsches Zentrum fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

Technology II

74 Versatile Core Electronics for SAR/MTI Sensors 315 H. Holzl, M. Kirscht, Dornier GmbH, Germany

75 Digital Wideband Pulse Generator Breadboarding Results 319 U. Hahn, Astrium GmbH, Germany; C. Mavrocordatos, ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands

76 Synchronization of Tandem A/D Converter for SAR 323 J. Dall, S. S. S0bj33rg, E. L. Christensen, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark

77 High Performances, Lightweight and Low Cost SAR Radiating Board 327 R. Besancon, J. Lorenzo, C. Mangenot, ALCATEL Space Industries, France

Innovative SAR concepts

78 Visions and Perspectives for Future SAR Systems 331 W. Keydel, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

79 Spacebased SAR/MTI Using Multistatic Satellite Configurations 337 J. Ender, FGAN/FHR, Germany

80 Traffic Flow Monitoring with Spaceborne SAR - Fiction or Vision? 341 H.-J. Herpel, A. Henrichs, M. Gottwald, K.-L. Bitzer, Astrium GmbH, Germany

81 Design of a P-Band Spaceborne SAR System for Biomass Applications 345 J. Bruniquel, S. Ramongassie, L. Prime, F. Jubineau, S. Abboundanza, ALCATEL Space Industries, France; J. Fuchs, ESTEC, The Netherlands Interferometry I

82 Topographic Statistics for Phase Unwrapping 349 A. Monti Guarnieri, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

83 Processing Strategies for Phase Unwrapping for INSAR Applications 353 C. L. Werner, U. Wegmiiller, T. Strozzi, Gamma Remote Sensing AG, Switzerland

84 Forest Paramater Estimation Using a Passive Polarimetric Microsatellite Concept (new paper) 357 K. P. Papathanassiou, I. Hajnsek, A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; S. R. Cloude, AEL, Scotland, UK

85 Improvement of the Tropospheric Correction by Adapted Phase Filtering 361 F. Chaabane, F. Tupin, E. Trouve, J.-M. Nicolas, H. Maitre, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications; A. Avallone, P. Briole, Y. Trembley, Institut de Physique du Globe, France

Interferometry II

86 Phase Ambiguity Reduction in Interferometric SAR by Use of High Range and Doppler Bandwidth 365 L. RoBing, J. Ender, FGAN/FHR, Germany

87 Resolving the Phase Ambiguity in Interferograms by Using a Multibaseline Antenna . . 369 S. Boehmsdorff, H. Essen, FGAN/FHR, Germany

88 Differential SAR Interferometry Using an Airborne Platform 373 A. Reigber, Universite de Rennes, France; R. Scheiber, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

89 Advanced Differential Interferometric Techniques Using Stable Targets for Generation of Terrain Displacement Maps 377 0. Mora, J. J. Mallorqui, J. Duro, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain

ISAR

90 Enhancement of High-Resolution ISAR Images for Non-Cooperative Target Identification 381 K. Magura, FGAN/FHR, Germany

91 Stepped-Frequency ISAR - A Simulation Approach 385 S. Young, G. R. Knight, Thales Sensors, UK

92 Moving Targets Velocity Estimation Using Aliased SAR Raw Data from a Single Sensor P. A. C. Marques, J. M. B. Dias, ISEL-DEEC, Portugal

93 Time-Frequency Analysis of Vibrating Targets in Airborne SAR Images 393 T. Sparr, B. Krane, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Norway Object Classification

94 Optimal Polarimetric Segmentation of the Classification of Agricultural Areas 397 P. Lombardo, University of Rome, Italy; C. J. Oliver, N. A. Software, Liverpool, UK

95 Segmentation of Polarimetric SAR Images that Preserves Scattering Mechanisms . . 401 J. S. Lee, M. R. Grunes, Naval Research Laboratory, USA; E. Pottier, L. Ferro-Famil, The University of Rennes, France

96 Implications of Resolution Enhancement in Radar Images on Knowledge-Based ATR Algorithms 405 G. Biegel, T. Brehm, H. Essen, FGAN/FHR, Wachtberg; K. Jager, G. Schwan, FGAN/FOM, Ettlingen, Germany

97 Advanced Value Adding to Metric Resolution SAR Data: Information Mining 409 M. Datcu, A. Pelizzari, H. Daschiel, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany, K. Seidel, M. Quartulli, ETH Zurich, Switzerland

Real-Time Processing

98 On-Board Processing for Space SAR Instruments 413 R. Zahn, M. Siil3, C. Schafer, Astrium GmbH, Germany

99 Introduction of a Prototype SAR Processor Based on Chirp-Scaling Algorithm 417 S. Mao, S. Li, Y. Wang, W. Hong, J. Wang, Beijing Univ. of Aeronautics & Astronautics, P. R. China

100 On-Board Multi-Computer SAR Processor for Long Range Reconnaissance 421 M. Kirscht, F. Lang-Schnee, EADS/Domier GmbH, Germany

101 HiPAR-DSP 16 for the Development of a Scalable Real-Time SAR Processor 425 H. Kloos, L. Friebe, C. Simon-Klar, J. P. Wittenburg, W. Hinrichs, H. Lieske, P. Pirsch, Universitat Hannover, Germany

Image Fusion, Visualisation

102 Utilization of 2D and 3D Information for SAR Image Analysis in Dense Urban Areas 429 U. Soergel, K. Schulz, U. Thonnessen, U. Stilla, FGAN/FOM, Germany

103 From Multiple View Interferometric Radar to Building Models 435 F. W. Leberl, R. Bolter, Graz University of Technology, Austria

104 DTM Fusion in the Framework of Possibilities (new paper) 439 P. Audenino, L. Rognant, J.-P. Panes, Alcatel Space Industries; J.-M. Chassery, LIS, France

105 Fusion of SAR and Optic Imagery with Wavelet Decomposition 443 K. Ersahin, B. Yazgan, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Poster Session

PI Spaceborne and Airborne SAR Systems

Pl.l Double-Frequency Polarimetric Space-Based Multipurpose SAR of L- and P-Wavebands ("KORUND") 447 I. G. Ossipov, V. Andrianov, A. Lipatov, L. Neronskiy, V. Turuk, Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, Russia

PI.2 Choice of Engineering Performances in Designing Multipurpose Synthetic Aperture Radar for Small Satellites 449 L. B. Neronskiy, I. Osipov, V. Turuk, V. Andrianov, I. Porokhov, Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, Russia

PI.3 The Global Hawk UAV Australian Deployment - Imaging Radar Sensor Development and Employment 453 N. Stacy, D. Craig, J. Staromlynska, R. Smith, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Australia

PI.4 RADARSAT-2 Program Update (Paper No. 1) L. Brule, Canadian Space Agency, H. Baeggli, MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates, Ltd., Canada

PI.5 mmW-SAR Seeker Against Ground Targets in a Drone Application 457 C. Neumann, H. Senkowski, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany

P1.6 MicroSAR 1000, a Low-Cost SAR Satellite for Regional EO Missions 461 D. Hall, M. A. B. Cohen, E. A. Alderson, Astrium Ltd, Earth Observation & Science, UK

PI.7 Antenna Pattern Synthesis with Optimised Excitation Laws in Use of a Genetic Algorithm for ENVISAT ASAR 465 J. L. Alvarez-Perez, M. Schwerdt, D. Hounam, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; R. Torres, C. Buck, M. Zink, ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands

PI.8 Comparison of the Interferometric Performance for Spaceborne Parasitic SAR Configurations 467 G. Krieger, M. Wendler, H. Fiedler, J. Mittermayer, A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

PI.9 Geometric Accuracy of ASAR Products 471 D. Kosmann, J. Holzner, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; W. Hummelbrunner, Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria; D. Small, RSL, University of Zurich, Switzerland

PI. 10 Applications and Performance of the ASAR AP Mode 475 P. Pasquali, sarmap s.a., E. Meier, D. Small, RSL, University of Zurich, Switzerland

PI. 11 RADARSAT-2 SAR Requirements, Status und Performance 477 K. Morgan, Astrium Ltd., UK, G. Lefebvre, EMS Technologies, Canada

PI.12 The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission 479 T. G. Farr, M. Kobrick, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA P2 Innovative Concepts

P2.1 Possibilities of Use of Multi-Frequency SAR for Subsurface Sensing of the Earth .481 A. Kalinkevich, B. Kutuza, Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russia; V. Pliushchev, Moscow Scientific Research Institute for Instrument Engineering, Russia S. Druchinin, Moscow Institut, Russia

P2.2 Imaging in Transionospheric Low Frequency SAR 485 0. V. Goriachkin, Volga State Academy of Telecommunication and Informatics, Russia

P2.3 New Design or Modes for Flexible Spaceborne SAR C. Chatzakis, N. K. Uzunoglu, National Technical University of Athen, Greece paper has been withdrawn by author(s)

P2.4 Analysis of a Head-On Looking SAR 489 C. Chatzakis, N. K. Uzunoglu, National Technical University of Athen, Greece

P2.5 Cluster SAR H. Runge, DLR, Germany paper has been withdrawn by author(s)

P3 SAR Technology and Calibration

P3.1 A New Transponder Technique for Calibrating Wideband Imaging Radars 493 M. WeiB, FGAN/FHR, Germany

P3.2 Synthesis of Current Distributions in the Array of Radial Electric Dipoles on a Perfectly Conducting Sphere 497 Y. M. Penkin, R. I. Klimovich, National Ukrainian Academy of Pharmacy, Ukraina

P3.3 Calibration of Airborne SAR Interferometers with Multisquint Processed Data J. J. Mallorqui, J. Lopez, 0. Mora, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain paper has been withdrawn by author(s)

P3.4 CAN Bus for Controlling Space Instruments 501 B. Barnes, Astrium Ltd., United Kingdom

P4 Wide Bandwidth and Low Frequency SAR

P4.1 The Results of Data Processed of Multi-Polarized Airborne VHF-Band SAR 505 V. Shteynshleyger, A. Dzenkevich, V. Manakov, L. Melnikov, G. Misezhnikov, V. Plyushchev, E. Vostrov, Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, Russia

P4.2 The ONERA RAMSES SAR System (Title changed) 507 P. Dubois-Ferandez, 0. Ruault du Plessis, D. Le Coz, J. Dupas, B. Vaizan, X. Duouis, H. Cantalloube, C. Coulombeix, C. Titin-Schnaider, P. Dreuillet, JM. Boutry, JP. Canny, L. Kaisersmertz, J. Peyret, P. Martineau, M. Chanteclerc, L. Pastore, JP. Bruyant, ONERA/DEMR/SAR, France

P4.3 Comparative Study of SAR Image Generation Using Linear FM and Noise Waveforms K A. Lukin, A. A. Mogila, N. P. Kovalenko, R. P. Kovalenko, Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics NAS of Ukraina, Ukraina P5 SAR Simulation and Modelling

P5.1 SAR Simulation Studies Using SARIS 515 E. Boerner, H. Uhlmann, Technische Universitat llmenau, Germany

P5.2 New Approach to the Use of Registered Signal Data for Simulation Purposes 519 W. Czarnecki, Military University of Technology, Poland; B. Solaiman, G. Mercier, Ecole National Superieure des Telecommunications de Bretagne, France

P5.3 The Influence of Kinetics on Clutter Statistics in SAR Imagery 523 H.-J. Miiller, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; M. Mejail, J. Jacobo-Berlles, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, A. C. Frery, UFPE-DI, Brazil

P5.4 On the Influence of Troposheric Duct on SAR Echo Identification 527 I. Sirkova, M. Michalev, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria

P5.5 Analysis of Possibilities of Bistatic Sounding of Ionosphere and Troposphere from Space Using Polarisation Effects 531 A. Pavelyev, G. K. Zagorin, 0.1. Yakovlev, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

P5.6 Satellite SAR Simulator for Fishing Vessels Signature Studies 533 J. J. Mallorqui, 0. Mora, J. M. Rius, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain

P5.7 SpaceSim: Simulator for Spaceborne Multi-Channel SAR/MTI with Phased-Array Antenna 537 D. Cerutti-Maori, FGAN/FHR, Germany

P5.8 Computer Simulation of ISAR Images of Ocean Scenes 541 N. Zh. Kolev, Naval Academy, Bulgaria

P5.9 Using HP ADS to Specify Accurately a SAR 545 G. Thomas, Astrium Ltd., UK

P6 Image Generation

P6.1 Improved SAR Image Autofocus Through Algorithm Hybridization 549 B. Rigling, C. Strawitch, R. Bachmann, S. DeGraaf, G. A. Bendor, Northrop Grumman Corp., ESSS, USA

P6.2 A New Approach to the Analysis and Simulation of Image Synthesis Algorithms for Space-Based SAR Spotlight Mode 553 L. B. Neronskiy, S. Likhansky, A. A. Lipatov, 0. E. Zvetkov, Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, Russia

P6.3 Phase History Model Adapted to the Spaceborne SAR Survey 557 L. B. Neronskiy, S. Likhansky, I. V. Elizavetin, D. V. Sysenko, Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, Russia

P6.4 A New Fast Convolution Backprojection Algorithm for Spotlight SAR 561 J. Sun, S. Mao, Y. Yuang, J. Wang, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, P. R. China

P6.5 A New Approach for Bistatic Spotlight SAR Imaging Algorithm 565 S. Kent, M. Kartal, I. Erer, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey P6.6 Spaceborne SAR Interpolation Processing by Polynomial Fitting with Error Analysis 569 Zang Tiefei, Long Teng, Li Shu, Li Fanghui, Beijing Institute of Technology, P. R. China

P6.7 Distributed SAR Processing in the Time Domain 573 A. R. Brenner, FGAN/FHR, Germany

P6.8 Application on Multi-Look Techniques for Interferometric SAR DATA (Paper No. 14) 577 R. Scheiber, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; V. Bothale, Indian Space Research Organization, India

P7 Interferometry and Polarimetry

P7.1 Multi-Baseline Tomographic SAR Using Nonuniform Linear Arrays 581 J. Xu, J. Tang, L. Zhou, C. Zhang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. R. China

P7.2 Revision of Standard Definitions and Equations of Radar Polarimetry 585 Z. H. Czyz, Telecommunications Research Institute, Poland

P7.3 Extraction of Surface Topographical Features from SAR Images Using Combined Interferometry and Stereogrammetry A. Schubert, D. Small, E. Meier, D. Ntietsch, University of Zurich, Switzerland paper has been withdrawn by author(s)

P7.4 The Equivalence Between the Polarisation Subspace Method (PSM) and the Coherence Optimisation in Polarimetric Radar Interferometry 589 C. Pascual, E. Gimeno-Nieves, J. M. Lopez-Sanchez, University of Alicante, Spain

P7.5 A Comparison of Soil Moisture Retrival Algorithms Used in Microwave Remote Sensing A. Breuer, J. Bruniquel, ALCATEL Space Industries, France, S. Allain, L. Ferro-Famil, E. Pottier, Universite de Rennes, France paper has been withdrawn by author(s)

P7.6 Results on SAR Interferometric Phase Speckle Reduction Using Wavelet Transform 593 C. Lopez-Martinez, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; X. F. Canovas, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Spain

P7.7 Alternative Basis Matrices for Polarimetric Decomposition 597 D. Corr, A. Rodrigues, QinetiQ Space Department, UK

P7.8 Distortions of the Scattering Matrix Depending on the Mode of Operating the Multipolarisation SAR System A. I. Zakharov, Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, RAS, Russia paper has been withdrawn by autor(s)

P7.9 Polarimetric Interferometric Inversion Methods: Experimental Constraints and Performance Analyses 601 A. Ulbricht, X. Fabregas, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC), Spain

P7.1O Slope Measurements of Ocean Internal Waves and Current Fronts Using Polarimetric SAR" 605 D. L. Schuler, J. S. Lee, Naval Research Laboratory, USA; D. Kasilingam, University of Massachusetts, USA P7.ll Investigation of Volume and Ground Scattering Using Interferometric Techniques 609 C. M. Fischer, I. Hajnsek, K. P. Papathanassiou, A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

P7.12 An Analysis of Volume Decorrelation in Polarimetric SAR Interferometry 613 V. Alberga, M. Chandra, K. P. Papathanassiou, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

P7.13 The Karhunen-Loeve Expansion in Radar Polarimetry 617 M. Chandra, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; E. Luneburg, EML Consultants, Germany

P7.14 Full Polarimetric and Multi-Frequency Vegetation Model for a Better Understanding of Polarimetric Properties 621 C. Dahon, C. Titin-Schnaider, ONERA, DEMR/TSI, France, E. Pottier, Universite de Rennes, France; P. Borderies, ONERA-CERT DEMR, France

P7.15 Forest Parameters Estimation Using Passive Polarmetric Microsatellite Concept (Paper No. 84) I. Hajnsek, K. P. Papathanassion, A. Moreira, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany, S. R. Cloude, AEL Consultants, Fife, Scotland

P8 Moving Targets and ISAR

P8.1 Statistics of Multilook SAR Interferograms for CFAR Detection of Ground Moving Targets 625 C. Gierull, Defence Research Establishment Ottawa (DREO), Canada

P8.2 Stepped-Frequency ISAR - A Simulation Approach (Paper Nr. 91) S. Young, G. R. Knight, Thales Sensors, UK

P8.3 A New Approach to Detect Moving Target for Airborne SAR - the Fractional Fourier Transform 629 H. B. Sun, G. S. Liu, X. Guo, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, P. R. China

P8.4 2D Radar Image of Moving Vehicles from ID-Signal Using SAR Processing 633 R. Giret, S. Meric, G. Chassay, LCST/FRE CNRS, France

P8.5 A Novel Method for Suppressing Cross-Term of Wigner Distribution and its Use in Multi-Moving Target Detection in SAR System 637 W. Sheng, S. Mao, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, P. R. China

P8.6 Real-Time STAP 641 A. Damini, B. Balaji, Defence Research Establishment Ottawa (DREO), Canada

P8.7 A Radar Raw Data Generation and Modular Algorithm Simulation System for MTI Development 645 B. Bickert, J. Meyer-Hilberg, J. Schmid, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany

P8.8 Linear Receiving System for Detection of Moving Targets 649 N. S. Tezel, B. Yazgan, S. Paker, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey P8.9 A New Autofocus Technique Based on Rotation Motion Estimation for ISAR Imaging of Ship Targets D. Pastina, A. Aprile, University of Rome, Italy paper has been withdrawn by author(s)

P8.10 STAP for Non-Stationary Clutter Echo Sequences 653 R. Klemm, FGAN/FHR, Germany

P9 Real-Time Processing

P9.1 Study of Airborne SAR Real-Time Processing and an Implementation Solution . . . 657 Su Hongyu, Li Shu, Li Fanghui, Long Teng, Beijing Institute of Technology, P. R. China

P9.2 Analysis and Optimization for Embedded Spaceborne SAR Processor 661 Wu Qiongzhi, Long Teng, Li Fanghui, Li Shu, Beijing Institute of Technology, P. R. China

P9.3 A Combined Optical/Digital SAR Processor for Quick-Look Applications 665 K. Litovchenko, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia; P. LeMaire, C. Barbier, Universite de Liege, Belgium

P10 Image Processing

P10.1 System for Color Fusion, Processing, 3D Visualization and Mining of EO, IR and SAR Images and of Other Multisensor or Multispectral Images 669 J. G. Verly, A. Waxman, F. Liu, M. Braun, B. Pugliese, W. Ross, W. Streilein, D. Fay, University of Liege, Belgium

P10.2 SAR Data Reduction for Multimode SAR 673 S. L. Vnotchenko, Scientific and Research Institute of Precise Instruments, Russia; llya S. Neyman, Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, Russia

P10.3 Semiautomatic Classification Procedures for Fire Monitoring Using Multitemporal SAR Images and NOAA-AVHRR Hotspot Data 677 G. Willhauck, U. Benz, DEFINIENS AG, F. Siegert, RSS GMBH, Germany

P10.4 DTM Fusion in the Framework of Possibilities (Paper No. 104) P. Audenino, L. Rognant, J.-P. Panes, Alcatel Space Industries; J.-M. Chassery, LIS, France

P10.5 B-Spline Curve Fitting in SAR Images 681 J. C. Jacobo-Berlles, J. Gambini, M. Mejail, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina; H. J. Muller, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; A. C. Frery, CIN, University of Pernambuco, Brazil

P10.6 Application of Second Kind Statistics to SAR Image Processing 685 J. M. Nicolas, A. Maruani, F. Tupin, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications, France

P1O.7 Registration of SAR Images Using Parallel Computing 689 M. R. Inggs, 0. Fadiran, A. J. Wilkinson, University of Cape Town, South Africa

P10.8 Ship Target Segmentation of High-Resolution SAR Images 693 J. Chong, M. Zhu, G. Dong, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. R. China Pll Classification

PI 1.1 Classification of Forest Images 697 V. I. Kostylev, Voronezh State University, Russia

PI 1.2 Fuzzy Rule Based Polarimetric SAR Data Classification 701 M. Hellmann, G. Jager, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

PI 1.3 Classification of SAR Images Based on Simplified Segmentation 705 S. Fang, H. Wen, M. Shiyi, Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, P. R. China

PI 1.4 2-D SAR Target Classification by 2-D Autoregressive Lattice Configurations 709 M. Kartal, I. Erer, S. Kent, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey

PI 1.5 Reduced Complexity 2-D Lattice Structures for Imaging Complex Targets 713 I. Erer, M. Kartal, A. H. Kayran, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

PI 1.6 Segmentation and Classification of SAR Data with Co-Occurance Matrix for Texture Features 717 N. G. Kasapoglu, I. Papila, S. Kent, B. Yazgan, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey

PI 1.7 Phase Diversity: An Decomposition for Vegetation Parameter Estimation Using Polarimetric SAR Interferometry 721 M. Tabb, J. Orrey, T. Flynn, R. Carande, Vexcel Corporation, USA

PI 1.8 Sub-Aperture Polarimetric SAR Data Analysis 725 L. Ferro-Famil, A. Reigber, E. Pottier, Universite de Rennes, France

PI 1.9 Quantitative Assessment of the Efficiency of Supervised Classification Using Coherent and Incoherent Polarimetric SAR Observables 729 L. Pipia, V. Alberga, M. Chandra, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany; M. Migliaccio, University of Cagliari, Italy

PI 2 Applications

PI2.1 Experimental Multifrequency Investigations into the Sea Surface Roughness Inhomogeneities through the Use of the 'MARS' Radar System 733 M. V. Belobrova, A. G. Boyev, V. K. Ivanov, A. Y. Matveyev, V. B. Razskazovsky, V. N. Tsymbal, Kalmykov Center for the Radiophysical Sensing of the Earth of the NAS and NSA of Ukraina

P12.2 A New Technique for Estimating the Spectrum of SAR Images of the Ocean Surface: Theory and Experimental Verification 737 M. Kanevsky, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

P12.3 ALMAZ-1 SAR and ERS-1 SAR in Oceanographic Applications: A Final Assessment . 741 A. Y. Ivanov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

P12.4 Nonparametric Detection of Statistical Inhomogeneities in SAR Image 743 F. Yanovsky, R. B. Sinitsyn, National Aviation University, Ukraina

P12.5 Methods and Means for Studing the Atmospheric Objects and Remote Detection of Dangerous Meteorological Phenomena by the Help of Radar with Variable Polarization 747 A. B. Shupiatsky, Central Aerological Observatory, Russia