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The Design and Evaluation of a 5.8 Ghz Laptop-Based Radar System Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Open Access Theses Theses and Dissertations 2013 The esiD gn and Evaluation of a 5.8 GHz Laptop- Based Radar System Kevin Chi-Ming Teng Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses Part of the Electromagnetics and Photonics Commons Recommended Citation Teng, Kevin Chi-Ming, "The eD sign and Evaluation of a 5.8 GHz Laptop-Based Radar System" (2013). Open Access Theses. 101. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/101 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. Graduate School ETD Form 9 (Revised 12/07) PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Thesis/Dissertation Acceptance This is to certify that the thesis/dissertation prepared By Entitled For the degree of Is approved by the final examining committee: Chair To the best of my knowledge and as understood by the student in the Research Integrity and Copyright Disclaimer (Graduate School Form 20), this thesis/dissertation adheres to the provisions of Purdue University’s “Policy on Integrity in Research” and the use of copyrighted material. Approved by Major Professor(s): ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Approved by: Head of the Graduate Program Date 1 THE DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A 5.8 GHZ LAPTOP-BASED RADAR SYSTEM A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University by Kevin Chi-Ming Teng In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science 1 December 2013 Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work would not be completed without the help from many others. First I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Denton for his encouragement, inspiration and his help throughout my entire undergraduate and graduate studies. I also like to thank my friends who help me along the way on this project, especially Ho-I Cho, Tung-Chueh Lo, Yu- Fan Wang, and Hsiao-Hsuan Juan who participated in the experiments and gave me support during difficult times. Lastly, and most importantly, I wish to thank my mother Hua-Kuei Hsu for supporting me financially and mentally. Without her, I would not have the opportunity to study in the United States and accomplished the things I’ve done in the past ten years. ii iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURE............................................................................................................ viii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. xii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................1 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................................... 3 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................3 2.2 Basic Radar Principles ...............................................................................4 2.3 History of Radar .........................................................................................6 2.4 Radar Operation .........................................................................................8 2.5 Components of Radar .................................................................................9 2.5.1 Antenna .............................................................................................10 2.5.2 Transmitter ........................................................................................13 2.5.3 Mixer .................................................................................................14 2.5.4 Frequency Synthesizers and Oscillators............................................17 2.5.5 Power Amplifier ................................................................................18 2.5.6 Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) ............................................................18 2.5.7 Duplexer ............................................................................................19 2.5.8 Transmit/Receive Switch ..................................................................20 2.5.9 Radio Frequency Subsystems ...........................................................21 2.5.10 Receiver.............................................................................................22 2.6 The Science of Radar ...............................................................................23 2.6.1 Doppler ..............................................................................................25 2.7 Types of Radar .........................................................................................26 2.7.1 Continuous Wave (CW) Radar .........................................................26 iii 2.7.2 Pulse Radar .......................................................................................28 2.7.2.1 Ambiguous Range ............................................................................... 28 2.8 Radar Implementation ..............................................................................29 2.8.1 Radar Power Density.........................................................................29 2.8.2 Radar Range ......................................................................................30 2.8.3 Radar Target ......................................................................................31 2.8.4 Doppler Effect ...................................................................................32 2.9 Radar Frequencies ....................................................................................33 2.9.1 A-and B- Band (HF-and VH- radar) .................................................35 2.9.2 C-Band (UHF- radar) ........................................................................35 iv Page 2.9.3 D-Band (L-band radar) ......................................................................36 2.9.4 G-Band (C-Band radar) .....................................................................36 2.10 Radar Images ............................................................................................36 2.11 Radar Limitation ......................................................................................37 2.12 Radar Applications ...................................................................................39 2.12.1 Military Radar ...................................................................................39 2.12.2 Simple Pulse Radar ...........................................................................40 2.12.3 Moving Radar Indication Radar (MTI) .............................................40 2.12.4 Pulse Doppler Radar .........................................................................41 2.12.5 Syntheric Aperture Radar (SAR) ......................................................42 2.12.6 Phase Array Radar.............................................................................44 2.12.7 Tracking Radar ..................................................................................44 2.12.8 3-D Radar ..........................................................................................45 CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY .............................................................................. 46 3.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................46 3.1.1 Continuous Wave (CW) Radar .........................................................46 3.1.2 Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) Radar ...............47 3.1.3 Overall Project Description ...............................................................52 3.2 Block Test Results ...................................................................................55 3.2.1 Cantenna ............................................................................................55 3.2.1.1 Cantenna Test Procedure and Results ................................................. 56 3.2.2 Voltage Controlled Oscillator ...........................................................65 3.2.2.1 Voltage Control Oscillator Test procedures and Results ..................... 66 3.2.3 Amplifiers (Transmit Chain) .............................................................67 3.2.3.1 Amplifiers Test Procedures and Results .............................................. 69 3.2.4 Power Splitter ....................................................................................71 3.2.4.1 Power Splitter Test procedure and Results .......................................... 71 iv 3.2.5 Amplifier (Receive Chain) ................................................................72 3.2.5.1 Amplifier Test Procedure and Results ................................................. 73 3.2.6 Mixer .................................................................................................74 3.2.6.1 Mixer Test Procedures and Results ..................................................... 75 3.2.7 Modulator Circuit ..............................................................................76 3.2.7.1 Modulator Circuit Test Procedure and Results.................................... 77 3.2.8 Video Amplifier Circuit ....................................................................80
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