Threat Modelling of Hacktivist Groups Organization, Chain of Command, and Attack Methods Master of Science Thesis in Secure and Dependable Computer Systems
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The Changing Face of American White Supremacy Our Mission: to Stop the Defamation of the Jewish People and to Secure Justice and Fair Treatment for All
A report from the Center on Extremism 09 18 New Hate and Old: The Changing Face of American White Supremacy Our Mission: To stop the defamation of the Jewish people and to secure justice and fair treatment for all. ABOUT T H E CENTER ON EXTREMISM The ADL Center on Extremism (COE) is one of the world’s foremost authorities ADL (Anti-Defamation on extremism, terrorism, anti-Semitism and all forms of hate. For decades, League) fights anti-Semitism COE’s staff of seasoned investigators, analysts and researchers have tracked and promotes justice for all. extremist activity and hate in the U.S. and abroad – online and on the ground. The staff, which represent a combined total of substantially more than 100 Join ADL to give a voice to years of experience in this arena, routinely assist law enforcement with those without one and to extremist-related investigations, provide tech companies with critical data protect our civil rights. and expertise, and respond to wide-ranging media requests. Learn more: adl.org As ADL’s research and investigative arm, COE is a clearinghouse of real-time information about extremism and hate of all types. COE staff regularly serve as expert witnesses, provide congressional testimony and speak to national and international conference audiences about the threats posed by extremism and anti-Semitism. You can find the full complement of COE’s research and publications at ADL.org. Cover: White supremacists exchange insults with counter-protesters as they attempt to guard the entrance to Emancipation Park during the ‘Unite the Right’ rally August 12, 2017 in Charlottesville, Virginia. -
Protecting Sensitive and Personal Information from Ransomware-Caused Data Breaches
Protecting Sensitive and Personal Information from Ransomware-Caused Data Breaches OVERVIEW Over the past several years, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Ransomware is a serious and increasing threat to all government and Agency (CISA) and our partners have responded to a significant number of private sector organizations, including ransomware incidents, including recent attacks against a U.S. pipeline critical infrastructure organizations. In company and a U.S. software company, which affected managed service response, the U.S. government providers (MSPs) and their downstream customers. launched StopRansomware.gov, a centralized, whole-of-government Ransomware is malware designed to encrypt files on a device, rendering webpage providing ransomware files and the systems that rely on them unusable. Traditionally, malicious resources, guidance, and alerts. actors demand ransom in exchange for decryption. Over time, malicious actors have adjusted their ransomware tactics to be more destructive and impactful. Malicious actors increasingly exfiltrate data and then threaten to sell or leak it—including sensitive or personal information—if the ransom is not paid. These data breaches can cause financial loss to the victim organization and erode customer trust. All organizations are at risk of falling victim to a ransomware incident and are responsible for protecting sensitive and personal data stored on their systems. This fact sheet provides information for all government and private sector organizations, including critical infrastructure organizations, on preventing and responding to ransomware-caused data breaches. CISA encourages organizations to adopt a heightened state of awareness and implement the recommendations below. PREVENTING RANSOMWARE ATTACKS 1. Maintain offline, encrypted backups of data and regularly test your backups. -
About the Sony Hack
All About the Sony Hack Sony Pictures Entertainment was hacked in late November by a group called the Guardians of Peace. The hackers stole a significant amount of data off of Sony’s servers, including employee conversations through email and other documents, executive salaries, and copies of unreleased January/February 2015 Sony movies. Sony’s network was down for a few days as administrators worked to assess the damage. According to the FBI, the hackers are believed have ties with the North Korean government, which has denied any involvement with the hack and has even offered to help the United States discover the identities of the hackers. Various analysts and security experts have stated that it is unlikely All About the Sony Hack that the North Korean government is involved, claiming that the government likely doesn’t have the Learn how Sony was attacked and infrastructure to succeed in a hack of this magnitude. what the potential ramifications are. The hackers quickly turned their focus to an upcoming Sony film, “The Interview,” a comedy about Securing Your Files in Cloud two Americans who assassinate North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. The hackers contacted Storage reporters on Dec. 16, threatening to commit acts of terrorism towards people going to see the Storing files in the cloud is easy movie, which was scheduled to be released on Dec. 25. Despite the lack of credible evidence that and convenient—but definitely not attacks would take place, Sony decided to postpone the movie’s release. On Dec. 19, President risk-free. Obama went on record calling the movie’s cancelation a mistake. -
Biting Into Forbidden Fruit
Biting into the forbidden fruit Lessons from trusting Javascript crypto Krzysztof Kotowicz, OWASP Appsec EU, June 2014 About me • Web security researcher • HTML5 • UI redressing • browser extensions • crypto • I was a Penetration Tester @ Cure53 • Information Security Engineer @ Google Disclaimer: “My opinions are mine. Not Google’s”. Disclaimer: All the vulns are fixed or have been publicly disclosed in the past. Introduction JS crypto history • Javascript Cryptography Considered Harmful http://matasano.com/articles/javascript- cryptography/ • Final post on Javascript crypto http://rdist.root.org/2010/11/29/final-post-on- javascript-crypto/ JS crypto history • Implicit trust in the server to deliver the code • SSL/TLS is needed anyway • Any XSS can circumvent the code • Poor library quality • Poor crypto support • No secure keystore • JS crypto is doomed to fail Doomed to fail? Multiple crypto primitives libraries, symmetric & asymmetric encryption, TLS implementation, a few OpenPGP implementations, and a lot of user applications built upon them. Plus custom crypto protocols. https://crypto.cat/ https://www.mailvelope.com/ http://openpgpjs.org/ JS crypto is a fact • Understand it • Look at the code • Find the vulnerabilities • Analyze them • Understand the limitations and workarounds • Answer the question: can it be safe? JS crypto vulns in the wild • Language issues • Caused by a flaw of the language • Web platform issues • Cased by the web • Other standard bugs • out of scope for this presentation Language issues Language issues matter -
Analyse De Maliciels Sur Android Par L'analyse De La Mémoire Vive
Analyse de maliciels sur Android par l’analyse de la mémoire vive Mémoire Bernard Lebel Maîtrise en informatique Maître ès sciences (M. Sc.) Québec, Canada © Bernard Lebel, 2018 Analyse de maliciels sur Android par l’analyse de la mémoire vive Mémoire Bernard Lebel Sous la direction de: Mohamed Mejri, directeur de recherche Résumé Les plateformes mobiles font partie intégrante du quotidien. Leur flexibilité a permis aux développeurs d’applications d’y proposer des applications de toutes sortes : productivité, jeux, messageries, etc. Devenues des outils connectés d’agrégation d’informations personnelles et professionnelles, ces plateformes sont perçues comme un écosystème lucratif par les concepteurs de maliciels. Android est un système d’exploitation libre de Google visant le marché des appareils mobiles et est l’une des cibles de ces attaques, en partie grâce à la popularité de celui- ci. Dans la mesure où les maliciels Android constituent une menace pour les consommateurs, il est essentiel que la recherche visant l’analyse de maliciels s’intéresse spécifiquement à cette plateforme mobile. Le travail réalisé dans le cadre de cette maîtrise s’est intéressé à cette problématique, et plus spécifiquement par l’analyse de la mémoire vive. À cette fin, il a fallu s’intéresser aux tendances actuelles en matière de maliciels sur Android et les approches d’analyses statiques et dynamiques présentes dans la littérature. Il a été, par la suite, proposé d’explorer l’analyse de la mémoire vive appliquée à l’analyse de maliciels comme un complément aux approches actuelles. Afin de démontrer l’intérêt de l’approche pour la plateforme Android, une étude de cas a été réalisée où un maliciel expérimental a été conçu pour exprimer les comportements malicieux problématiques pour la plupart des approches relevées dans la littérature. -
Hacking the Web
Hacking the Web (C) 2009-2020 Arun Viswanathan Ellis Horowitz Marco Papa 1 Table of Contents } General Introduction } Authentication Attacks } Client-Side Attacks } Injection Attacks } Recent Attacks } Privacy Tools 2 (C) 2009-2020 Arun Viswanathan Ellis Horowitz Marco Papa Why secure the Web? } The Web has evolved into an ubiquitous entity providing a rich and common platform for connecting people and doing business. } BUT, the Web also offers a cheap, effective, convenient and anonymous platform for crime. } To get an idea, the Web has been used for the following types of criminal activities (source: The Web Hacking Incidents Database (WHID) http://projects.webappsec.org/w/page/13246995/Web-Hacking-Incident-Database) } Chaos (Attack on Russian nuclear power websites amid accident rumors (5Jan09) } Deceit (SAMY XSS Worm – Nov 2005) } Extortion (David Aireys domain hijacked due to a CSRF (cross site request forgery) flaw in Gmail – 30Dec2007) } Identity Theft (XSS on Yahoo! Hot jobs – Oct 2008) } Information Warfare (Israeli Gaza War - Jan 2009 / Balkan Wars – Apr 2008 ) } Monetary Loss (eBay fraud using XSS) } Physical Pain (Hackers post on epilepsy forum causes migraines and seizures – May 2008) } Political Defacements (Hacker changes news release on Sheriffs website – Jul 2008) (Obama, Oreilly and Britneys Twitter accounts hacked and malicious comments posted – Jan 09) } Chinese Gaming sites hacked (Dec. 2011) 3 Copyright(C) 2009 (c) -20092020- 2019Arun Arun Viswanathan Viswanathan Ellis HorowitzEllis Horowitz Marco Marco Papa Papa -
POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA SITES Below Is a List of Some of the Most Commonly Used Youth and Teen Social Networking Sites and Tools
POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA SITES Below is a list of some of the most commonly used youth and teen social networking sites and tools. Ask.fm (http://ask.fm) Participants log on, post a question anonymously and anyone may answer anonymously. “Do you think I am fat?” or “Would you date me?” are examples of questions posted in the past. There have also been examples in which individuals were encouraged to kill themselves. The site has courted controversy by not having workable reporting, tracking or parental control processes, which have become the norm on other social media websites. Twitter (https://twitter.com) An online social networking and microblogging service that enables users to send and read "tweets", which are text messages limited to 140 characters. Instagram (http://instagram.com) A photo-sharing app for iPhone. Kik (http://kik.com) Kik is as an alternative to email or text messaging and its popularity has grown in the last two years. Kik is accessible on smartphones and supports over 4 million users, called “Kicksters.” Users are not restricted to sending text messages with Kik. Images, videos, sketches, emoticions and more may be sent. A user can block users on Kik from contacting them. Wanelo (http://wanelo.com) Wanelo (from Want, Need, Love) sells unique products online, all posted by users. Products posted for sale range from dishes, clothing, intimate wear and other potentially “R-Rated” products. Vine (https://vine.co) Vine is used to create and share free and instant six-second videos. Topic and content ranges. Snapchat (http://www.snapchat.com) A photo messaging application. -
Securing Information in a Mobile World
Securing Information in a Mobile World Thu, Jan 21 | 2:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m. PRESENTED BY: Charlie LeBlanc, William Figures, and Blad Slavens Schedulers & Dispatchers Conference | Tampa, FL | January 19 – 22, 2016 A Brief History of Computing and Software for Schedulers and Dispatchers Systems in the 80’s and early 90’s were computer- centric and pretty secure…. Why ????? And then came the Internet !!!! Highly technical description of the Internet “The Internet is a data network that connects “everything” together” (kind of like the phone system !) - William Figures 2007 The ‘Net(work) as a computing platform- Using WEB Services WEB SERVICES=FARS Is it safe to use public Wi-Fi? 6 Security challenges when using public Wi-Fi Some things to know about public Wi-Fi hotspots • Unlike your home Wi-Fi access point, most public Wi-Fi hotspots at hotels, restaurants, coffee shops, airports, etc. do not use encrypted communication. • This means that all your data may be sent in clear-text across the wireless network. Anyone with a “sniffer” could then snoop on your connection. • In order to secure their Wi-Fi properly, a business owner would have to issue a password to connect to the hotspot. To be truly secure, this password would be unique to a single person. • Since this isn’t feasible, you need to take other precautions to secure your data when using a public hotspot. Sources: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2904439/wi-fi/is-it-safe-to-use-public-wi-fi-networks.html 7 Case Study: Firesheep browser extension Coder exposed risk to Facebook users at public hotspots • To call attention to glaring security vulnerabilities with both Facebook – and other sites – and public Wi-Fi, a “white hat” hacker developed a Firefox extension that allowed a user to hijack the Facebook account of anyone logged into the same Wi-Fi hotspot. -
Cyber-Conflict Between the United States of America and Russia CSS
CSS CYBER DEFENSE PROJECT Hotspot Analysis: Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Zürich, June 2017 Version 1 Risk and Resilience Team Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Authors: Marie Baezner, Patrice Robin © 2017 Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich Contact: Center for Security Studies Haldeneggsteig 4 ETH Zürich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Tel.: +41-44-632 40 25 [email protected] www.css.ethz.ch Analysis prepared by: Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich ETH-CSS project management: Tim Prior, Head of the Risk and Resilience Research Group; Myriam Dunn Cavelty, Deputy Head for Research and Teaching; Andreas Wenger, Director of the CSS Disclaimer: The opinions presented in this study exclusively reflect the authors’ views. Please cite as: Baezner, Marie; Robin, Patrice (2017): Hotspot Analysis: Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia, June 2017, Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich. 2 Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Table of Contents 1 Introduction 5 2 Background and chronology 6 3 Description 9 3.1 Tools and techniques 9 3.2 Targets 10 3.3 Attribution and actors 10 4 Effects 11 4.1 Social and internal political effects 11 4.2 Economic effects 13 4.3 Technological effects 13 4.4 International effects 13 5 Consequences 14 5.1 Improvement of cybersecurity 14 5.2 Raising awareness of propaganda and misinformation 15 5.3 Observation of the evolution of relations between the USA and Russia 15 5.4 Promotion of Confidence Building Measures 16 6 Annex 1 17 7 Glossary 18 8 Abbreviations 19 9 Bibliography 19 3 Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Executive Summary Effects Targets: US State institutions and a political The analysis found that the tensions between the party. -
Address Munging: the Practice of Disguising, Or Munging, an E-Mail Address to Prevent It Being Automatically Collected and Used
Address Munging: the practice of disguising, or munging, an e-mail address to prevent it being automatically collected and used as a target for people and organizations that send unsolicited bulk e-mail address. Adware: or advertising-supported software is any software package which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertising material to a computer after the software is installed on it or while the application is being used. Some types of adware are also spyware and can be classified as privacy-invasive software. Adware is software designed to force pre-chosen ads to display on your system. Some adware is designed to be malicious and will pop up ads with such speed and frequency that they seem to be taking over everything, slowing down your system and tying up all of your system resources. When adware is coupled with spyware, it can be a frustrating ride, to say the least. Backdoor: in a computer system (or cryptosystem or algorithm) is a method of bypassing normal authentication, securing remote access to a computer, obtaining access to plaintext, and so on, while attempting to remain undetected. The backdoor may take the form of an installed program (e.g., Back Orifice), or could be a modification to an existing program or hardware device. A back door is a point of entry that circumvents normal security and can be used by a cracker to access a network or computer system. Usually back doors are created by system developers as shortcuts to speed access through security during the development stage and then are overlooked and never properly removed during final implementation. -
Deciphering L33tspeak
Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Thesis Deciphering L33t5p34k Internet Slang on Message Boards Supervisor: Master Paper submitted in partial fulfilment of Prof. Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen the requirements for the degree of ―Master in de Taal- en Letterkunde – Afstudeerrichting: Engels‖ By Eveline Flamand 2007-2008 i Acknowledgements I would like to thank my promoter, professor Anne-Marie Vandenbergen, for agreeing on supervising this perhaps unconventional thesis. Secondly I would like to mention my brother, who recently graduated as a computer engineer and who has helped me out when my knowledge on electronic technology did not suffice. Niels Cuelenaere also helped me out by providing me with some material and helping me with a Swedish translation. The people who came up to me and told me they would like to read my thesis, have encouraged me massively. In moments of doubt, they made me realize that there is an audience for this kind of research, which made me even more determined to finish this thesis successfully. Finally, I would also like to mention the members of the Filologica forum, who have been an inspiration for me. ii Index 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 4chan ............................................................................................................................... -
Anatomy of Data Breaches and Its Impact on Security
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013): 4.438 Anatomy of Data Breaches and Its Impact on Security Anshu1, Monika Sharma2 1M.Tech Scholar, Computer Science Department, TIT & S, Bhiwani, India 2Assistant Professor, Information Technology Department, TIT & S, Bhiwani, India Abstract: In cloud computing, the word cloud is used as a metaphor for "the Internet," so the phrase cloud computing means "a type of Internet-based computing," where different services - such as servers, storage and applications -- are delivered to an organization's computers and devices through the Internet [14]. Every user access cloud services through internet without knowing the security aspects. Today security threats are increasing rapidly and data breach is top of them. Breach in the security of any component in the cloud can be both disaster for the organization and the provider. In this research paper we focus on main security issue in cloud like data breach, different forms of data breaches and how it occurs in cloud. It also explore where major breaches occur in cloud in past years. Keywords: cloud, data breaches, security 1. Data Breaches two categories i.e. accidental breach or intentional breach The term data breach means when an unauthorized user or a) Accidental breach: also called as employee error when hacker or an attacker attacks an authorized data, access or an employee by mistake sends data to wrong receipts, retrieves it by an individual or service without the and by not understanding security protocols and permission. A data breach results in loss of sensitive, procedures.