Skills Framework for Healthcare

A Guide to Occupations and Skills

skillsfuture.sg Contents

About the Skills Framework 01

Singapore’s Healthcare Sector 02

The Evolving Healthcare Landscape 04

Skills in Demand 05

Desired Attributes 06

Take Your Career Further 07

Realise Your Potential - Take the Next Step Forward 13

Career Tracks 14

Skills Map

• Healthcare Support 18

• Nursing 22

• Therapy Support 48

• Occupational Therapy 56

• Physiotherapy 72

• Speech Therapy 88

• Operations 102

• Pharmacy Support 114

Overview of Technical Skills and Competencies 135

Overview of Generic Skills and Competencies 142

Supporting Organisations and Acknowledgements 146

Wage Information 148

Skills Framework for Healthcare: Career Pathways 152

The information in this publication serves as a guide for individuals, employers and training providers. SkillsFuture Singapore, Workforce Singapore, and the Ministry of Health provide no warranty whatsoever about the contents of this document, and do not warrant that the courses of action mentioned in this document will secure employment, promotion, or monetary benefits.

Published in December 2018 About the Skills Framework Singapore’s Healthcare Sector

The Skills Framework is a SkillsFuture initiative developed for the Singapore workforce to promote skills Singapore is widely recognised for having an efficient and effective healthcare system that has achieved good mastery and lifelong learning. Jointly developed by SkillsFuture Singapore, Workforce Singapore and Ministry public health outcomes for Singaporeans. The life expectancy of Singaporeans has steadily increased and is of Health, together with practitioners, employers, professional associations, education and training providers, now among the highest in the world—from 75.6 years in 1999 to 82.9 years in 2016. Infant mortality rate has and representatives from associations and unions, the Skills Framework for Healthcare provides useful also fallen from 3.3 to 2.4 per 1,000 live births over the same period. information on: This system is underpinned by reliable healthcare services, strong infrastructure, sound policies, and a dedicated and skilled workforce providing value-driven care across the care continuum.

1 2 3 4 5 Primary Care

Primary care services are provided in polyclinics and general practitioner clinics. As the first line of care in the community, primary care professionals provide holistic and personalised care for individuals of different age Sector Career Occupations Existing and Training Information Pathways and Job Roles Emerging Skills Programmes for groups. This includes the management of acute and chronic illnesses, and Skills Upgrading keeping the population healthy through preventive health measures such as and Mastery screening and vaccinations. Primary care professionals also help coordinate patients’ care with other providers and guide patients who require more specialised medical attention in navigating the healthcare system.

With the Skills Framework, individuals are equipped to make informed decisions about career choices as well as take responsibility for skills upgrading and career planning. 3,200 General Practitioner Number of Establishments: 20 Polyclinics and Dental Clinics

Acute Care

Assess Career Prepare for Find Avenues Renew, Upgrade Acute care services are provided in general hospitals and include multi- Interests Desired Jobs to Close Skills Gap and Deepen Skills disciplinary inpatient, specialist outpatient, and 24-hour emergency services. In addition, there are national specialty centres that provide Understand career Understand Identify Plan for career specialised services such as cancer care, eye care and dental care. pathways skills and relevant training development/ competencies programmes to transition Recognise personal required equip oneself with attributes required the required skills Recognise skills and competencies and competencies required for the Number of Establishments: 18 Hospitals 8 Specialty Centres Participate in intended job role on-the-job training opportunities Identify training provided by programmes to companies upgrade and deepen skills

1 2 Singapore’s Healthcare Sector The Evolving Healthcare Landscape

Demand for healthcare and aged care services is expected to grow as our population ages rapidly. About 3 in 4 Singaporeans aged 65 and above are affected by diabetes, high cholesterol or hypertension. Our healthcare Community Care system has to evolve to meet these challenges and ensure that Singaporeans continue to enjoy good Community care services are provided in community hospitals, home healthcare that is affordable and sustainable. care, centre-based care facilities and long-term residential care facilities. These services are provided for individuals who require continued care and treatment usually after discharge from acute hospitals, or for community- dwelling seniors who may be frail and in need of assistance with their activities of daily living, to enable them to age well in the neighbourhoods they are familiar with.

Number of Establishments: 9 Community Hospitals 75 Nursing Homes and Hospices Beyond Healthcare to Health

We are shifting beyond providing healthcare to promoting health so that Singaporeans can continue to enjoy 117 Centre-based good quality of life for longer. Health promotion, preventive health services as well as early health screening and 30 Home Care Providers2 Care Facilities1 interventions will be stepped up to promote healthier lifestyles for all Singaporeans. Primary care and preventive health capabilities are being built up to deliver and support the delivery of these services.

1 Centre-based Care Facilities refer to eldercare centres that provide day care, dementia day care, community rehabilitation and/or Integrated Home and Day Care (IHDC). The figure only includes facilities that are receiving subvention from MOH and/or accepting referrals from Agency of Integrated Care (AIC).

2 Home Care includes a range of services including medical, nursing, and personal care to help frail or disabled seniors living alone at home. The figure only includes Home Care Providers that are receiving subvention from MOH. A single provider operating multiple branches is only counted once.

Healthcare Workforce of 97,000* Beyond Hospital to Community

We are transforming our healthcare delivery system from one that is built around the hospital to one that is Administrative Doctors focused on the individual. Community care capabilities will be strengthened to provide Singaporeans with and Ancillary Staff 14% access to convenient, affordable and appropriate care. Seniors will be supported with quality care in the 19% community or at home so that they can age gracefully in the environment they are familiar with. Dentists 2%

Support Care Staff 10%

Allied Health Professionals Beyond Quality to Value 9% Nurses 43% We are shifting the mindset and behaviours of healthcare professionals to focus not just on delivering high quality care outcomes, but also to ensure that those outcomes are commensurate with costs. Health Pharmacists technology assessment capability is being built up to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of health 3% technologies to help Singaporeans and clinicians make better informed choices on better value treatment *Data as at end 2017 options. MOH is also embarking on system-level changes that will result in overall improvement in efficiency and productivity. This includes simplifying healthcare delivery to stakeholders through initiatives such as inter-professional collaboration and IT solutions, without compromising patient safety.

3 4 Skills in Demand Desired Attributes

The healthcare sector is evolving rapidly in tandem with the needs of our ageing population and advances The healthcare sector provides diverse opportunities across the primary, community and acute settings for in medical sciences and technology. To meet these challenges, our healthcare professionals have to individuals seeking a rewarding and enriching career. If you enjoy working in a fast-paced environment, love continuously upgrade and equip themselves with these skills in demand. caring for people from all walks of life, and possess these desired attributes, you will find a rewarding and satisfying career in healthcare.

Community Care Gerontology /Geriatrics Inter-Professional Compassion Teamwork Adaptability Collaboration Maintain and improve the Manage healthcare needs Have empathy for patients Able to work with a Adopt a positive attitude physical, mental and social of the elderly, and prevent Apply an integrated and a desire to improve diverse workforce of to take on challenges well-being of population and treat age-related approach to coordinate their well-being various professionals and in a fast-changing groups in the community, diseases to maintain their and deliver inter- occupations to achieve a environment including in areas such as mobility, independence professional interventions common goal health promotion, chronic and quality of life to patients disease management, rehabilitation and palliative care

Health Technology Data Analytics Resilience Analytical Assessment Use data to make fact- Persevere in the face of Enjoy analysing issues Evaluate the relative based decisions for challenges and difficulties and able to understand value of new health healthcare service the interconnectedness technologies versus the planning, patient/client of different care services, standard of care based management, and institutions and stakeholders on current clinical and disease monitoring within the context of a larger economic evidence to healthcare system inform policy and clinical decision-making

5 6 Take Your Career Further

A skilled workforce is essential to support the healthcare sector in delivering high quality and reliable healthcare services. There is a wide range of initiatives and schemes available to both individuals and employers to promote skills acquisition and upgrading. FOR INDIVIDUALS

FOR INDIVIDUALS SkillsFuture Mid-Career Enhanced Subsidy SkillsFuture Qualification Award Singaporeans aged 40 and above will receive This award recognises the efforts of Singapore higher subsidies of up to 90% of course fees Citizens in attaining WSQ full qualifications, for over 8,000 SSG-supported courses, and at which equip them with comprehensive and Healthcare Merit Scholarship (HMS) / graduates, existing nursing students and nurses least 90% of programme cost for Ministry of robust sets of skills to perform their jobs Healthcare Merit Award (HMA) pursuing degree conversion. They will play a Education-subsidised full-time and part-time competently, pursue career progression and central role in providing care beyond the hospital The HMS/HMA is awarded to outstanding courses. explore new job opportunities. into the community, to better meet the needs of students who demonstrate academic the population. excellence, strong leadership qualities and SkillsFuture Study Awards MySkillsFuture community spirit, and are passionate about Singapore’s public healthcare sector. It is Integrated Nursing Scholarship (INS) This is a monetary award of $5,000 for adults MySkillsFuture is a one-stop online portal offered to ‘A’ level holders or equivalent (e.g. in their early and mid-career to develop and that enables Singaporeans to chart their own IB Diploma or NUS High School Diploma) and The INS is a premier public healthcare deepen their skills in future growth clusters. career and lifelong learning pathways, through polytechnic graduates, to pursue undergraduate scholarship to nurture the next generation access to industry information and tools to studies in various healthcare disciplines. of nurse leaders. Students will have the search for training programmes to broaden opportunity to pursue a nursing diploma at SkillsFuture Credit and deepen skills. the polytechnics and then a nursing degree This initiative aims to encourage individuals Healthcare Graduate Studies Award (HGSA) at local or overseas universities. It is offered to take ownership of their skills development The HGSA is offered to final-year to outstanding ‘O’ level graduates who and lifelong learning. All Singaporeans aged undergraduates, recent university graduates demonstrate leadership potential and have 25 and above will receive an opening credit of who are keen to pursue a Master’s degree clear passion for a career in nursing. $500 which will not expire. in selected health science or health-related disciplines. This postgraduate scholarship is Healthcare Graduate Studies Award awarded to dynamic individuals who are keen to (HGSA) – Nursing contribute to the public healthcare sector while demonstrating academic excellence, strong The HGSA-Nursing is offered to final-year leadership qualities and community spirit. undergraduates, recent university graduates or mid-careerists with no prior nursing training who are keen to pursue an overseas Master’s Community Nursing Scholarship (CNS) degree in nursing. This postgraduate scholarship The CNS aims to nurture the next generation is awarded to dynamic individuals who are keen of community nursing leaders to shape the to join the public healthcare sector as nurses future of community care. It is offered by MOH in while demonstrating academic excellence, partnership with public healthcare institutions strong leadership qualities and community spirit. and community care providers to ‘O’ and ‘A’ level

Initiatives and Schemes by: Initiatives and Schemes by: Ministry of Health (MOH) / MOH Holdings Pte Ltd (MOHH) SkillsFuture Singapore (SSG) More information on schemes listed above can be found at www.healthcarescholarships.sg More information on schemes listed above can be found at www.skillsfuture.sg

7 8 Take Your Career Further

FOR INDIVIDUALS FOR EMPLOYERS

Professional Conversion Programme (PCP) PCPs for Physiotherapists, Occupational Enhanced Training Support for SMEs Return to Nursing (RTN) Therapists and Diagnostic Radiographers As part of the Adapt and Grow Initiative, the SMEs can get up to 90% subsides on course The RTN facilitates the return of non- Professional Conversion Programme (PCP) The PCPs for Physiotherapists (PT), fees when they sponsor employees for SSG practising local nurses to the healthcare helps mid-career Singaporeans to reskill and Occupational Therapists (OT) and Diagnostic supported courses. In addition to higher course workforce and, in particular, take up positions move into new occupations or sectors. The Radiographers (DR) are designed for mid- fee funding, SMEs can also claim absentee in the community care sector. Candidates Government provides course fee funding to career individuals keen to join the healthcare payroll funding of 80% of basic hourly salary at a must first be employed by a healthcare individuals and salary support to employers. industry as allied health professionals (AHPs). higher cap of $7.50 per hour. institution, before undergoing a three-month There are five PCPs in the healthcare sector refresher course comprising classroom- Trainees will be sponsored in course fees and that help mid-career Singaporeans undergo based training and on-the-job training. receive a monthly training allowance while National Centre for Excellence in Workplace skills conversion to take on healthcare jobs, as Candidates are sponsored for training and will undergoing relevant degree programmes with Learning (NACE) follows: draw salaries for the duration of the course. the Singapore Institute of Technology. Trainees Led by Nanyang Polytechnic and supported In addition, Registered Nurses and Enrolled a. PCP for Registered Nurses (RN) who graduate from the programme will also by SSG, NACE draws on the expertise of Nurses who have successfully completed b. PCP for Enrolled Nurses (EN) receive a career transition bonus. international institutions - the Swiss Federal c. PCP for Physiotherapists (PT) the course and remain with their community Upon completion of training, individuals will be Institute for Vocational Education and Training d. PCP for Occupational Therapists (OT) care employer after their first year of service eligible for registration with the Allied Health (SFIVET), the German Chamber of Industry e. PCP for Diagnostic Radiographers (DR) will receive a bonus of $5,000 and $3,000 Professions Council (AHPC) to be licensed to & Commerce (IHK Akademie) and the respectively. practise in their respective professions. Singaporean-German Chamber of Industry and PCPs for Registered Nurses and Enrolled Commerce (SGC), to equip companies with the Nurses capabilities to train and develop their workers. This will be done through training and certifying The PCPs for Enrolled Nurses (EN) and trainers using best-in-class training practices, Registered Nurses (RN) are designed for and offering customised solutions to develop in- mid-career individuals keen to join the house training systems for companies. healthcare industry as nurses. PCP-EN/RN trainees receive full sponsorship for their course fees and a monthly training allowance throughout their training period. Trainees who successfully graduate from the programme will also receive a career transition bonus. Upon completion of training, individuals will be eligible for registration with the Singapore Nursing Board (SNB) and obtain the license to practise as an Enrolled or Registered Nurse.

Initiatives and Schemes by: Initiatives and Schemes by: Workforce Singapore (WSG) SkillsFuture Singapore (SSG) More information on schemes listed above can be found at www.wsg.gov.sg More information on schemes listed above can be found at www.skillsfuture.sg Agency for Integrated Care (AIC) More information on schemes listed above can be found at https://www.aic.sg

9 10 Take Your Career Further

FOR INDIVIDUALS AND EMPLOYERS FOR INDIVIDUALS AND EMPLOYERS

SkillsFuture Series Career Matching Services Community Care Manpower Development Community Care Traineeship Programme Award (CCMDA) (CCTP) The SkillsFuture Series is a curated list of Career Matching Services offered by WSG’s short, industry-relevant training programmes Careers Connect and e2i Centres help to The CCMDA caters for fresh entrants, The CCTP is a place-and-train programme that focus on emerging skills. prepare jobseekers for employment, and mid-career switchers and in-service that provides funding support for new local connect job-ready jobseekers with hiring staff of community care institutions support care staff to undergo structured employers in growth sectors. to pursue advanced training through training for their roles as healthcare SkillsFuture for Digital Workplace overseas attachments, formal courses and assistants and therapy associates in the SkillsFuture for Digital Workplace is structured programmes in a wide range of disciplines, community care sector. Those who remain MyCareersFuture.sg as a two-day training programme that will equip such as nursing, allied health disciplines, with their community care employer will be Singaporeans with basic digital skills required at MyCareersFuture.sg is a smarter online job social work and administrative functions. eligible for a bonus of $3,000 at the end of the workplace and in their daily lives. search platform that both jobseekers and Applications for the CCMDA are submitted their first year of service. Applications for the employers can tap on during their job or through employers. CCTP are submitted through employers. candidate search. SkillsFuture Earn and Learn Programme (ELP) Career Trial A work-learn programme designed to give graduates from the Institute of Technical Career Trial helps individuals take on short Education and polytechnics a head-start term work trials to allow them to explore in their career. Suitable candidates will be a new job in a different industry before matched with a job related to their field of committing to permanent employment, and study and undergo structured on-the-job concurrently allows employers to assess the training and mentorship in participating jobseekers’ job fit. companies, allowing them to gain industry experience and attain an industry-recognised certification concurrently. Career Support Programme (CSP) CSP provides salary support for employers to defray the costs of recruiting mid-career P-Max switchers with the requisite abilities and P-Max facilitates PMETs to explore career experience, but who might command a higher opportunities with Small and Medium-sized salary that employers might otherwise be Enterprises (SME), and helps SMEs recruit unable to offer. interested PMETs.

Initiatives and Schemes by: Initiatives and Schemes by: SkillsFuture Singapore (SSG) Agency for Integrated Care (AIC) More information on schemes listed above can be found at www.skillsfuture.sg More information on schemes listed above can be found at https://www.aic.sg Workforce Singapore (WSG) More information on schemes listed above can be found at www.wsg.gov.sg

11 12 Realise Your Potential - Career Tracks Take the Next Step Forward

Now that you have some idea of what a career in the healthcare sector can offer, and the available government initiatives and schemes to support your career goals, you are ready to take the next step!

NEW ENTRANTS EXPERIENCED PROFESSIONALS

Use the Skills Framework for Healthcare to find Use the Skills Framework for Healthcare to find out about careers in the sector out how to chart your career

NURSING OCCUPATIONAL PHYSIOTHERAPY THERAPY PLAN for vertical career Nurses play a pivotal role in the Physiotherapists develop, UNDERSTAND the career progression within the care of individuals of all ages, maintain, and restore track that you are currently Occupational Therapists pathways and the attributes families and communities, maximum movement and needed to take on a particular in, or for lateral career develop and maintain an to achieve optimal health functional ability throughout an occupation in the sector moves across the tracks individual’s capacity to perform outcomes. day-to-day tasks and roles individual’s lifespan. essential to productive living. They conduct health They prevent, assess, treat assessments, design patient- They design treatment and re-evaluate disorders of centred care plans and empower programmes to enhance human movement within the patients to perform self-care physical, cognitive and spheres of health promotion, activities through educational prevention, habilitation and UNDERSTAND the skills and programmes. As core members psychological functions, rehabilitation. The scope competencies required for the IDENTIFY skills gaps that you of multi-disciplinary teams, prevent illnesses, facilitate job role and identify relevant are lacking in your current or nurses advocate for patients by independent living, improve includes maintenance of training programmes to help you next job role recommending care options that quality of life, and promote the functional mobility, chronic become a qualified personnel are best suited for them. reintegration of people with a disease management as well range of conditions. These may as patient and carer education. Nurses are dedicated to include physical disabilities, Physiotherapists promote advancing nursing practice and cognitive or psychosocial healing, reduce stiffness and education. They nurture and problems either from birth or pain, increase strength and IDENTIFY relevant training programmes train other nurses, engage in as a result of accident, illness mobility, improve respiratory high impact research to discover and ageing. functions and enhance overall new knowledge and innovative quality of life. solutions that will drive better Occupational Therapists value care for patients and the participate in research and Physiotherapists participate TRAINING PROGRAMMES healthcare system. oversee clinical and service in research and oversee operations. They also plan clinical and service operations. and develop strategies and They also plan and develop programmes for the training strategies and programmes Embark on Programmes that equip new entrants with and development of students for the training and your career skills and knowledge for specific occupations and occupational therapists. development of students and in healthcare in the sector at their respective entry levels Lifelong learning for physiotherapists. skills deepening to meet existing and emerging demands of the sector Programmes for experienced employees or individuals to broaden or deepen specific skills and knowledge for various occupations in the sector

For a list of Training Programmes available for healthcare sector, please visit www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/hc

13 14 Career Tracks Notes

SPEECH THERAPY OPERATIONS PHARMACY SUPPORT

Speech Therapists assess and Patient Service Associates play an Pharmacy Technicians manage swallowing, speech, important role in supporting the contribute to optimal and safe language and other communication daily functions of the healthcare medication use. disorders in people of all ages, organisation under the Operations from infants to the elderly. track. They work under the supervision of a registered pharmacist, Speech Therapists work with They assist in administrative and are responsible for infants and children with duties such as registering managing drug inventory, feeding difficulties, as well patients, performing billing processing prescriptions as children with speech and activities, scheduling patient or drug orders, performing language disorders, hearing appointments, transporting prescription interventions, impairment, autism and other patients, supporting food dispensing medication, and learning difficulties. They services in menu and meal order managing pharmacy information also help adults with speech, processing, and assisting patients technology systems. language and/or swallowing with discharge procedures. difficulties following stroke, As the healthcare industry brain injury, brain tumours, They can also assist nurses on evolves, Pharmacy Technicians degenerative neurological tasks such as attending to patient are poised to play a larger role diseases (such as Parkinson’s calls and support clinical duties in patient care, medication Disease and dementia), as well when necessary. management, and other services as head and neck cancer. Other including health improvement communication disorders that and disease prevention. Speech Therapists assess and manage include voice and fluency disorders.

Speech Therapists participate in research and oversee clinical and service operations. They also plan and develop strategies and programmes for the training and development of students and speech therapists.

15 16 Skills Map Healthcare Support

JOB ROLES PAGE

Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Aide 19

Senior Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Aide 20

NURSING 22 OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY 56

PHYSIOTHERAPY 72 SPEECH THERAPY 88

OPERATIONS 102 PHARMACY SUPPORT 114

For jobs and skills pertaining to Medical Social Work and Psychology, please refer to the Skills Framework for Social Service at www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/social-service

17 18 Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Senior Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Aide Nursing Aide

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Healthcare Assistant/Basic Care Assistant/ Nursing Aide is responsible for attending to patients’ needs in their A Senior Healthcare Assistant/Basic Care Assistant/Nursing Aide is responsible for attending to patients’ needs in their activities of daily living and performing basic patient care procedures under the direction of trained nurses and according activities of daily living and providing basic patient care procedures under the direction of trained nurses and according to established policies, procedures and guidelines. S/He attends relevant nursing support care training to ensure that to established policies, procedures and guidelines. S/He attends relevant healthcare training to ensure that her/his her/his knowledge and skills remain up-to-date to provide patients with quality patient care. knowledge and skills remain up-to-date to provide patients with quality patient care. S/He also coaches healthcare assistants, basic care assistants or nursing aides. S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long-term care facilities. S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long-term care facilities. S/He should be caring, energetic, in a good state of well-being and emotionally-resilient, proactive, responsible and accountable. S/He should be caring, energetic, in a good state of well-being and emotionally resilient. S/He should also be proactive, responsible and methodical, and possess leadership skills.

CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Support patient care • Attend to patients’ needs in their activities of daily living Support patient care • Attend to patients’ needs in their activities of daily living • Assist in basic physiological monitoring of patients • Assist in basic physiological monitoring of patients Critical Work • Perform planned nursing interventions Functions and • Perform basic nursing care interventions Key Tasks / • Support trained nurses in medical emergency or crisis Performance situations • Provide information to patients and/or caregivers on Expectations techniques in providing self care Critical Work Support unit function • Assist healthcare professionals in clinical consultations Functions and • Comply with infection prevention and control practices in Key Tasks / performing patient care activities • Transfer patients with stable conditions for clinical Performance appointments, ward transfers or hospital transfers Expectations • Support trained nurses in medical emergency or crisis situations • Comply with quality improvement audits and activities

Support unit function • Support healthcare professionals in clinical consultations • Transfer patients with stable conditions for clinical appointment, ward transfers or hospital transfers TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Comply with quality improvement audits and activities

Change Management Level 1 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 2 • Support in guiding new support care staff

Effective Communication in Nursing Level 2 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 2

Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 2 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 2

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 2 Level 2 Practice

Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 2 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 2 Practice

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 2 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 2

Medication Management in Nursing Level 2 Service Quality Management Level 1

Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Nursing

Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 2

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Service Orientation Basic Teamwork Basic

Communication Basic Managing Diversity Basic

Interpersonal Skills Basic

19 20 Senior Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Nursing Aide

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Change Management Level 2 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 2

Effective Communication in Nursing Level 2 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 2 JOB ROLES* PAGE Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 2 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 2 24 Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Enrolled Nurse Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 2 Level 2 Practice Senior Enrolled Nurse 26 Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 2 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 2 Practice Principal Enrolled Nurse 28 Inter-professional Collaboration Level 2 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 2

Medication Management in Nursing Level 2 Service Quality Management Level 1 Staff Nurse 30

Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Senior Staff Nurse 32 Nursing

Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 2 Assistant Nurse Clinician 34

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) Nurse Clinician 36

Service Orientation Basic Teamwork Basic Senior Nurse Clinician 38

Communication Basic Managing Diversity Basic Assistant Director of Nursing (Clinical) 40 Interpersonal Skills Basic Deputy Director of Nursing (Clinical) 42

Director of Nursing (Clinical) 44

Chief Nurse 46

*Please visit www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/hc for the Skills Map of job roles under the education and management sub-tracks

21 22 Nursing Enrolled Nurse DETOUR TO DESTINY JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION When Syed Faizal Bin Syed Mohsen first told his friends and family that he was An Enrolled Nurse is responsible for providing basic nursing care and patient education under the supervision and direction going to be a nurse, no one believed him. of a staff nurse, in collaboration with the healthcare teams and according to the established policies, procedures and “They probably thought that I did not have guidelines. S/He attends relevant nursing training to ensure that her/his skills remain up-to-date to provide patients with the gentle soul of a nurse but I was certain quality nursing care. S/He coaches new Enrolled Nurses, students and support care staff. about my path,” he says. S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- term care facilities. Finding this path, however, required a small detour. Faizal was already enrolled in an S/He should be meticulous, accountable and a team player. engineering course when he realised that wires and circuits did not interest him. He then applied for a nursing course at the Institute of Technical Education (ITE). CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS “I can’t quite explain it but I think I was meant to be a nurse. The work is very satisfying and I want to keep doing it,” he Provide patient- • Perform health assessment of patients’ condition In accordance centred care with: shares. Of a nurse’s many duties, which • Carry out individualised planned nursing interventions range from delivering patient-centred for the patients • Nurses and Midwives Act care and providing patient education, to • Support transitional care plans participating in quality and safety activities, (Chapter 209) Faizal finds greatest meaning in being a • Assist in procedures and treatments patient advocate. • Adhere to infection control and prevention practices in patient care activities “Compared to other healthcare professionals, nurses spend the most time with patients, Provide patient • Teach patients, caregivers and family members proper so we are in the best position to make sure education techniques in self-care that they get the care and support they Critical Work Functions and need,” he shares. • Assist in supporting delivery of health promotion Key Tasks / activities in the community Performance In Faizal’s experience, many people are Expectations still under the impression that nurses only Participate in • Assist in supporting trained staff in medical provide basic care when they actually need emergency care emergencies or crisis situations to have deep clinical knowledge and clinical • Monitor patients for early signs and/ or deterioration reasoning skills in order to make evidence- of patients’ condition using appropriate physiological based assessments of a patient’s condition. assessments and observations

He says, “I am glad that the Skills Framework Mr Syed Faizal Bin Syed Mohsen provides clear job role descriptions as these Participate in quality and • Provide feedback on risk assessment and quality Senior Staff Nurse will help me understand the breadth and Singapore General Hospital patient safety management activities depth of skills needed to become a nurse. activities The framework also supports my career progression by highlighting the different career pathways in nursing, including the Provide clinical • Support supervision of support care staff and Enrolled clinical, management, and education sub- supervision Nurse trainees in performing basic nursing care I am glad that the Skills Framework tracks.” activities provides clear job role descriptions With his sights set on becoming a Nurse as these will help me understand the Manager, Faizal is actively working towards breadth and depth of skills needed this goal. He has completed a diploma and advanced diploma, and is currently to become a nurse. The framework pursuing a bachelor’s degree in nursing. By also supports my career progression using the Skills Framework as a signpost on his career journey, he is confident that by highlighting the different career he will never need to make another detour. pathways in nursing, including clinical, management, and education subtracks.

23 24 Enrolled Nurse Senior Enrolled Nurse

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Senior Enrolled Nurse is responsible for providing nursing care and patient education for an assigned group of patients in Care Transition in Nursing Level 3 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 2 collaboration with the healthcare team and according to the established policies, procedures and guidelines. S/He attends relevant nursing training to ensure that her/his skills remain up-to-date to provide patients with quality nursing care. S/He Change Management Level 3 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 3 coaches new Enrolled Nurses, students and support care staff. Clinical Services Development Level 3 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 3 S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- term care facilities. Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 3 S/He should be a meticulous, proactive, accountable, and a team player. Effective Communication in Nursing Level 3 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 3

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 3 Level 3 Practice

Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 2 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Health Education Programme Development Level 3 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 3 and Implementation Provide patient- • Perform health assessment of patients’ condition In accordance Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 3 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 3 centred care with: Practice • Implement individualised planned nursing interventions for patients • Nurses and Inter-professional Collaboration Level 2 Service Quality Management Level 2 Midwives Act • Support trained staff in coordinating care of patients (Chapter 209) Medication Management in Nursing Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 with simple health conditions as assigned

Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in • Assist in procedures and treatments Level 3 Wound Management in Nursing Level 3 Nursing • Support transitional care within and between teams Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 3 • Administer non-parenteral medication • Practice infection control and prevention measures in GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) patient care activities

Service Orientation Basic Problem Solving Basic Critical Work Functions and Provide patient • Provide patient education to patients, caregivers and Communication Basic Lifelong Learning Basic Key Tasks / education family members Performance • Support delivery of health promotion activities in the Teamwork Basic Expectations community

Participate in • Assist in assembling resuscitative equipment during emergency care medical emergencies or crisis situations • Identify early signs and/or deterioration of patients’ condition using appropriate physiological assessments and observations

Participate in • Support trained nurses in risk assessment and quality quality and patient management audit activities safety activities

Provide clinical • Participate in training for support care staff supervision • Supervise new enrolled nurses and support care staff in performing basic nursing care activities

25 26 Senior Enrolled Nurse Principal Enrolled Nurse

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Principal Enrolled Nurse is responsible for providing nursing care and patient education for an assigned group of patients Care Transition in Nursing Level 3 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 2 in collaboration with healthcare team and according to the established policies, procedures and guidelines. S/He attends relevant nursing training to ensure that her/his skills remain up-to-date to provide patients with quality nursing care. S/He Change Management Level 3 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 3 coaches new Enrolled Nurses, students and support care staff. S/He is also able to take cases and evaluate the effectiveness Clinical Services Development Level 3 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 3 of nursing care provided to assigned groups of patients. S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 3 term care facilities. Effective Communication in Nursing Level 3 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 3 S/He should be meticulous, proactive and accountable. S/He should possess leadership skills. Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 3 Level 3 Practice

Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 2 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Health Education Programme Development Level 3 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 3 FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS and Implementation

Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 3 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 3 Provide patient- • Perform health assessment of patients’ condition In accordance Practice centred care with: • Plan individualised planned nursing interventions for Inter-professional Collaboration Level 2 Service Quality Management Level 2 assigned patients • Nurses and Midwives Act Medication Management in Nursing Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 • Manage care of patients with simple health conditions as (Chapter 209) assigned by trained staff Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Level 3 Wound Management in Nursing Level 3 Nursing • Support trained nurses in evaluation of nursing care plans Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 3 • Assist in procedures and treatments

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Administer non-parenteral and parenteral medication • Support in monitoring compliance of infection prevention Service Orientation Basic Problem Solving Basic and control practices for patient care activities

Communication Basic Lifelong Learning Basic Critical Work • Facilitate implementation of transitional care plans Functions and within and between teams Teamwork Basic Key Tasks / Performance Expectations Provide patient • Plan patient education sessions for patients and education caregivers • Participate in delivery of health promotion and disease prevention activities in the community

Participate in • Provide support in medical emergencies or crisis emergency care situations • Respond to early signs and/or deterioration of patients’ condition with appropriate physiological assessments and observations

Participate • Participate in risk assessment and quality management in quality and audits and activities to improve work processes and patient safety service outcomes activities • Support trained nurses in the implementation of quality improvement projects

27 28 Principal Enrolled Nurse Staff Nurse

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE A Staff Nurse is responsible for providing nursing care and management to patients. S/He is also responsible for providing FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS supervision, guidance and direction to junior nurses and nursing students to ensure that optimal care is provided to meet the Critical Work desired positive patient outcomes and experiences. Functions and Provide clinical • Participate in developing training plans for support care In accordance S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- Key Tasks / supervision staff and Enrolled Nurses with: Performance term care facilities. • Supervise new Enrolled Nurses, support care staff and • Nurses and Expectations student nurse trainees in nursing care activities Midwives Act S/He should be a good team player, and be knowledgeable, resourceful, systematic and highly-motivated. (Chapter 209) • Support assessment of newly joined Enrolled Nurses, students and support care staff

CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES Manage patient- • Deliver evidence-based care in collaboration with inter- In accordance centred care professional teams with: Care Transition in Nursing Level 3 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 2 • Facilitate admission, transfer and discharge of patients • Nurses and Change Management Level 3 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 3 Midwives Act • Facilitate transition of care coordination within and (Chapter 209) Clinical Services Development Level 3 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 3 between teams and across settings

Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 3 • Monitor compliance of infection control and practices in the clinical area Effective Communication in Nursing Level 3 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 3

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Engage patients • Administer self-management plans to empower Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 3 Level 3 Practice in management of patients, family members and caregivers to facilitate health conditions participation in their own health management Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 2 Critical Work • Implement individualised health education plans Health Education Programme Development Functions and Level 3 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 3 and Implementation Key Tasks / Performance Provide • Participate in medical emergencies or crisis situations Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 3 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 3 Expectations emergency care Practice • Monitor for early signs and/or deterioration of patients’ condition with appropriate physiological assessments Inter-professional Collaboration Level 2 Service Quality Management Level 2 and observations

Medication Management in Nursing Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Participate • Implement clinical risk and quality improvement Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Level 3 Wound Management in Nursing Level 3 in quality and initiatives and activities Nursing patient safety activities • Monitor individual standard of practice with available Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 3 benchmark data at department level • Report near-misses and errors reporting using GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) organisational accident reporting system

Service Orientation Basic Problem Solving Basic Provide clinical • Supervise new Staff Nurses and nursing students in Communication Basic Lifelong Learning Basic supervision learning activities

Teamwork Basic • Provide feedback on clinical performance of nursing students

29 30 Staff Nurse Senior Staff Nurse

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Senior Staff Nurse is responsible for providing nursing care and management to patients. S/He is also responsible for Care Transition in Nursing Level 4 Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 4 providing supervision, guidance and direction to junior nurses and nursing students to ensure that optimal care is provided to meet the desired positive patient outcomes and experiences. Change Management Level 4 Nursing Manpower Planning Level 3 S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- Clinical Governance Level 4 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 3 term care facilities. Clinical Services Development Level 3 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 4 S/He should be a good team player, and be analytical, insightful, systematic and highly-motivated. S/He should possess leadership capabilities. Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 4

Effective Communication in Nursing Level 4 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 4

Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 4 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 4 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 3 Level 4 FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Practice

Health Education Programme Development Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 3 Manage patient- • Deliver evidence-based care in collaboration with inter- In accordance and Implementation centred care professional teams with: Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 4 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 4 • Manage admission, transfer and discharge of patients • Nurses and Practice Midwives Act • Manage transition of care coordination within and (Chapter 209) Inter-professional Collaboration Level 3 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 4 between teams and across settings

Learner Assessments Level 3 Service Quality Management Level 3 • Review exsisting infection control and prevention practices to identify areas of improvement Medication Management in Nursing Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2

Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Nursing Level 4 Wound Management in Nursing Level 4 Engage patients • Develop self-management plans to empower patients, in management of family members and caregivers to facilitate participation GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) health conditions in their own health management • Provide supervision to juinor nurses in the development Service Orientation Intermediate Teamwork Intermediate of individualised health education plans

Communication Intermediate Lifelong Learning Intermediate Provide • Coordinate emergency activites in medical emergencies Decision Making Basic Critical Work emergency care or crisis situations Functions and Key Tasks / • Recognise early signs and/or deterioration of patients’ Performance condition with appropriate physiological assessments Expectations and observations

Participate • Participate in clinical risk and quality improvement in quality and initiatives and activities patient safety activities • Use available benchmarks to evaluate patient safety practices at the department level • Monitor near-misses and error report information and initiate improvement strategies and action plans to improve patient safety practices • Collaborate with inter-professional teams to implement recommended quality improvement plans and interventions

Provide clinical • Monitor performance of nurses in patient care activities supervision and/or delegated tasks • Coach new staff nurses and nursing students in learning activities • Review clinical performance of nursing students and new nurses

31 32 Senior Staff Nurse Assistant Nurse Clinician

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES An Assistant Nurse Clinician is responsible for evaluating care delivered to patients and providing assistance to reinforce Care Transition in Nursing Level 4 Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 4 the practice standards in accordance with the organisation policies, procedures and guidelines. S/He is also responsible in providing supervision and guidance to junior nurses and nursing students to ensure that optimal care is delivered to meet the Change Management Level 4 Nursing Manpower Planning Level 3 desired patient outcomes and experiences. Clinical Governance Level 4 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 3 S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- term care facilities. Clinical Services Development Level 3 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 4 S/He should be clinically competent, a good team player, analytical, resourceful, persuasive and purposeful. S/He should Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 4 possess leadership capabilities. Effective Communication in Nursing Level 4 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 4

Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 4 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 4

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 4 Level 4 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Practice FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Health Education Programme Development Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 3 and Implementation Manage patient- • Deliver evidence-based care to patients with complex In accordance Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing centred care clinical conditions in collaboration with inter- with: Level 4 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 4 professional teams Practice • Nurses and • Manage admission, transfer and discharge of complex Midwives Act Inter-professional Collaboration Level 3 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 4 cases (Chapter 209) Learner Assessments Level 3 Service Quality Management Level 3 • Manage transition of care coordination within and between teams and across settings for complex cases Medication Management in Nursing Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2

Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Nursing Level 4 Wound Management in Nursing Level 4 Engage patients • Review self-management plans to empower patients, in management of family members and caregivers to facilitate participation GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) health conditions in their own health management • Provide oversight on and and evaluate the Communication Intermediate Developing People Intermediate implementation of individualised health education plans Decision Making Intermediate Creative Thinking Intermediate

Teamwork Intermediate Critical Work Provide • Lead in medical emergencies or crisis situations Functions and emergency care Key Tasks / • Anticipate early signs and/or deterioration of patients’ Performance condition using appropriate physiological assessments Expectations and observations

Participate • Lead clinical risk and quality improvement initiatives in quality and activities patient safety activities • Maintain an environment and climate that is conducive for positive patient outcomes and workplace safety • Review current practices to identify areas for quality and/or clinical practice improvement to maintain standard of care • Provide support to nurses in collaborating with inter- professional teams to implement recommended quality improvement interventions

Provide clinical • Maintain an environment conducive for effective learning supervision for students and new nurses • Enable staff to assume responsibilites in patient care through delegation, support and coaching • Evaluate clinical performance of nurses

33 34 Assistant Nurse Clinician Nurse Clinician

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Nurse Clinician has clinical expertise in a specialised field of nursing. Her/His core function is to provide patient care Care Transition in Nursing Level 4 Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 4 through clinical leadership in nursing practice. S/He is also responsible for evaluating the standards of care and integrating evidence-based knowledge into clinical practice. S/he will perform managerial, educational and research work in the course Change Management Level 4 Nursing Manpower Planning Level 3 of her/his professional practice. S/He provides guidance and direction to Assistant Nurse Clinicians and below to ensure Clinical Governance Level 4 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 3 delivery of optimal care to meet desired patient outcomes. S/He operates in a variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long-term Clinical Services Development Level 3 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 4 care facilities. Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Nutrition and Fluids Management in Nursing Level 4 S/He is insightful, analytical and inquiring. S/He has interpersonal skills to exert positive influence when leading and Effective Communication in Nursing Level 4 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 4 coaching a team of nurses towards clinical excellence.

Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 4 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 4

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 4 Level 4 Practice CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Health Education Programme Development FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 3 and Implementation

Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Provide clinical • Monitor outcomes of care plans of patients with complex In accordance Level 4 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 4 Practice supervision medical conditions and provide recommendations for with: clinical management and interventions as indicated Inter-professional Collaboration Level 3 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 4 • Nurses and • Enforce compliance to clinical standards of care and Midwives Act Learner Assessments Level 3 Service Quality Management Level 3 professional code of conduct (Chapter 209)

Medication Management in Nursing Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2 • Manage care of patients with complex clinical conditions • Lead nursing clinical rounds Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Nursing Level 4 Wound Management in Nursing Level 4 • Oversee the delivery of patient education and caregiver GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) training Critical Work Functions and • Supervise medical emergencies or crisis situations Communication Intermediate Resource Management Intermediate Key Tasks / Performance Decision Making Intermediate Leadership Intermediate Expectations Lead nursing • Maintain an open and just culture that promotes patient quality and safety and incident reporting Developing People Intermediate patient safety • Implement continuous quality improvement and patient safety measures or initiatives to improve patient care

Support clinical • Facilitate staff’s maintenance of competency education • Oversee clinical learning of students and staff in collaboration with relevant stakeholders • Collaborate with relevant stakeholders to facilitate achievement of clinical learning objectives for students with weaker performance • Facilitate clinical faculty development to support clinical learning

35 36 Nurse Clinician Senior Nurse Clinician

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Senior Nurse Clinician has clinical expertise in a specialised field of nursing. Her/His core function is to provide Care Transition in Nursing Level 5 Mobility and Ambulation Assistance in Nursing Level 5 patient care through clinical leadership in nursing practice. S/He sets, coordinates, conducts and monitors clinical standards and service quality performance indicators for continuous improvement. S/He is also responsible for Change Management Level 5 Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 5 evaluating the standards of care and integrating evidence-based knowledge into clinical practice. S/He performs Clinical Governance Level 5 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 4 managerial, educational and research work in the course of her/his professional practice. S/He communicates and supports the nursing philosophy and provides guidance and direction to a group of Nurse Clinicians and below to Clinical Services Development Level 4 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 5 ensure delivery of optimal care to meet desired patient outcomes.

Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 4 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 5 S/He operates in a variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated care and long- term care facilities. Effective Communication in Nursing Level 5 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 5 S/He is insightful, analytical and investigative. S/He has foresight in directing advancement in clinical care. Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 5 Performance Management for Nursing Level 4

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 4 Level 5 Practice

Health Education Programme Development Level 5 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 5 and Implementation CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Infection Prevention and Control in Nursing Level 5 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 5 Practice Provide clinical • Anchor evidence-based care practices In accordance Inter-professional Collaboration Level 4 Strategy Management Level 4 teaching and with: supervision • Provide clinical leadership in achieving clinical Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3 excellence • Nurses and Midwives Act Medication Management in Nursing Level 5 Wound Management in Nursing Level 5 • Ensure discharges are effected according to (Chapter 209) organisation policies and procedures GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Manage patient, family and public conflicts to resolve Critical Work lapses in care delivery and work processes Leadership Intermediate Transdisciplinary Thinking Intermediate Functions and Key Tasks / Developing People Advanced Sense Making Advanced Performance Support clinical • Supervise management of patients with complex clinical Expectations education conditions Decision Making Advanced • Expand clinical capabilities in response to new services, practices and procedures in collaboration with inter- professional teams • Oversee development of the clinical faculty

Lead nursing • Investigate clinical events and recommend solutions quality and patient based on their root cause analyses safety • Establish an open and just culture that promotes patient safety and incident reporting

37 38 Senior Nurse Clinician Assistant Director of Nursing (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES An Assistant Director of Nursing in the Clinical sub-track works with the Deputy Director of Nursing to exercise clinical Mobility and Ambulation Assistance leadership for safe and competent care delivery through value- and evidence-based practices. S/He works with the Care Transition in Nursing Level 5 Level 5 in Nursing team to enforce clinical standards. S/He works with key stakeholders to identify and develop emerging roles and new competencies. S/He works with cluster/regional partners for effective care transition from acute to community nursing Change Management Level 5 Nursing Care for the Deceased Level 5 models. Clinical Governance Level 5 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 4 S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated and long- Clinical Services Development Level 4 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 5 term care facilities. S/He practises evidence-based care and demonstrates clinical leadership. S/He is an effective communicator and a Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 4 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 5 role model in care values and beliefs for nurses. S/He is conversant with acute and long-term models of care, and is Effective Communication in Nursing Level 5 Patient Empowerment on Self-care Level 5 responsive to emerging roles and new competencies.

Emergency Care Management in Nursing Level 5 Performance Management for Nursing Level 4

Emergency Response and Crisis Professional, Legal and Ethical Level 4 Level 5 Management Healthcare Practice CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Health Education Programme FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Level 5 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 5 Development and Implementation Oversee nursing • Oversee nursing practices and care delivery outcomes In accordance Infection Prevention and Control in Level 5 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 5 clinical care with: Nursing Practice delivery • Establish framework for evidence-based nursing • Nurses and Inter-professional Collaboration Level 4 Strategy Management Level 4 • Develop strategies to empower and engage patients and Midwives Act caregivers (Chapter 209) Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3 • Promote inter-professional collaboration in care Medication Management in Nursing Level 5 Wound Management in Nursing Level 5 delivery • Establish framework for hospital-to-community models GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) of care that include funding, manpower, pilots, outcome measurements and implementation Leadership Intermediate Transdisciplinary Thinking Advanced

Developing People Advanced Sense Making Advanced Advance nursing • Implement new practices and care models or services practices in accordance to framework that include considerations Decision Making Advanced for facilities, resourcing, funding, training, processes, outcomes and regulations Critical Work Functions and • Measure outcomes of advanced or specialised nursing Key Tasks / practices to assess and improve new interventions Performance Expectations • Establish funding models for new care models or nursing clinical services

Drive nursing • Establish an open culture to facilitate quality and patient quality and patient safety development safety • Establish nursing infection prevention and control policies and procedures • Lead multi-disciplinary work groups to improve patient and staff safety • Guide nursing clinical audits • Adopt new technology and electronic tools and devices to improve quality and patient safety outcomes • Establish framework for critical communications • Manage adverse events according to organisational frameworks • Lead nursing department in achieving local and international accreditations

39 40 Assistant Director of Nursing (Clinical) Deputy Director of Nursing (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Deputy Director of Nursing in the Clinical sub-track works with the Chief Nurse to exercise clinical leadership for Change Management Level 6 Medication Management in Nursing Level 6 safe and competent care delivery through value- and evidence-based practices. S/He works with key stakeholders to identify and develop emerging roles and new competencies. S/He has oversight of nursing specialty developments in Clinical Governance Level 6 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 5 various nursing groups. S/He works with cluster/regional partners to enable effective care transition from acute to community nursing models. Clinical Services Development Level 5 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 6 S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated and long- Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 6 term care facilities. Department Financial Management Level 5 Performance Management for Nursing Level 5 S/He practises evidence-based care and demonstrates clinical leadership. S/He is an effective communicator and a role model in care values and beliefs for nurses. S/He is conversant with acute and long-term models of care, and is Professional, Legal and Ethical Effective Communication in Nursing Level 6 Level 6 Healthcare Practice responsive to emerging roles and new competencies.

Emergency Response and Level 5 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 6 Crisis Management

Health Education Programme Level 6 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 6 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Development and Implementation FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Infection Prevention and Control in Level 6 Service Quality Management Level 5 Nursing Practice Oversee nursing • Oversee nursing practices and care delivery outcomes In accordance clinical care with: Inter-professional Collaboration Level 5 Strategy Management Level 5 delivery • Oversee nursing specialty developments • Nurses and Learning Needs Analysis Level 5 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4 • Establish framework for evidence-based nursing Midwives Act • Develop strategies to empower and engage patients and (Chapter 209) GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) caregivers • Establish framework for hospital-to-community models Leadership Advanced Transdisciplinary Thinking Advanced of care that include funding, manpower, pilots, outcome measurements and implementation Developing People Advanced Sense Making Advanced

Decision Making Advanced Advance nursing • Implement new practices and care models or services practices in accordance to framework that include considerations for facilities, resourcing, funding, training, processes, Critical Work outcomes and regulations Functions and • Measure outcomes of advanced or specialised nursing Key Tasks / practices to assess and improve new interventions Performance Expectations • Establish funding models for new care models or nursing clinical services

Drive nursing • Establish an open culture to facilitate quality and patient quality and patient safety development safety • Establish nursing infection prevention and control policies and procedures • Lead multi-disciplinary work groups to improve patient and staff safety • Guide nursing clinical audits • Adopt new technology and electronic tools and devices to improve quality and patient safety outcomes • Manage adverse events according to organisational framework • Lead nursing department in achieving local and international accreditations

41 42 Deputy Director of Nursing (Clinical) Director of Nursing (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Director of Nursing in the Clinical sub-track works with the Chief Nurse to enable nurses to practice to the full Change Management Level 6 Medication Management in Nursing Level 6 extent of their education and training in an evolving healthcare landscape. S/He constantly scans the environment for new models of care or expansion of the scope of practice for all nursing professional groups. S/He works with Clinical Governance Level 6 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 5 relevant authorities on the barriers to practices. S/He has oversight of nursing clinical developments and promotes evidence-based care. S/He oversees systemic and local interventions for value and safe patient care. S/He leads Clinical Services Development Level 5 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 6 nursing alignment to national priority of “Beyond Hospital to Community”. Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 6 S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated and Department Financial Management Level 5 Performance Management for Nursing Level 5 long-term care facilities. S/He practises evidence-based care, demonstrates clinical leadership; is an effective communicator, and a role model Professional, Legal and Ethical Effective Communication in Nursing Level 6 Level 6 Healthcare Practice of care values and beliefs to nurses aspiring to clinical developments. S/He is conversant with acute and long-term models of care. Emergency Response and Level 5 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 6 Crisis Management

Health Education Programme Level 6 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 6 Development and Implementation CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Infection Prevention and Control in FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Level 6 Service Quality Management Level 5 Nursing Practice

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 5 Strategy Management Level 5 Oversee nursing • Oversee nursing practices and care delivery outcomes In accordance clinical care with: delivery • Oversee nursing specialty developments Learning Needs Analysis Level 5 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4 • Nurses and • Establish funding models for specific nursing care Midwives Act GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) bundles and/or pathways (Chapter 209) • Establish frameworks for hospital-to-community Leadership Advanced Transdisciplinary Thinking Advanced models of care that include funding, manpower, pilots, outcome measurements and implementation Developing People Advanced Sense Making Advanced

Decision Making Advanced Critical Work Advance nursing • Develop strategies to advance nursing practices Functions and practices Key Tasks / • Develop nursing care models or services to address Performance emerging healthcare needs or care transformation Expectations Drive nursing • Establish nursing quality and patient safety work plans quality and patient safety • Benchmark nursing outcome indicator measurements to international standards • Adopt new technology and electronic tools and devices for better quality and patient safety outcomes • Manage adverse events according to organisational framework • Participate in claims and compensations management in adverse events • Lead nursing to achieve local and international accreditations

43 44 Director of Nursing (Clinical) Chief Nurse

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Chief Nurse is responsible for the overall strategic direction of nursing within aligned legislation, national and Change Management Level 6 Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 5 organisational visions, and co-creations with the team and nurses. S/He harnesses the potential of every nurse to perform at highest level to contribute to overall healthcare performance. S/He is responsible for securing annual Clinical Governance Level 6 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 6 budget for continuing education and training, and adopting technologies to increase productivity and improve manpower deployment. S/He directs nurse-led initiatives, including RHS-led community nursing teams. S/He leads high Clinical Services Development Level 5 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 6 performing teams to pursue attainment of her/his vision. S/He takes the lead in mentoring high-potential nurses to be Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Performance Management for Nursing Level 5 future leaders of the organisation and for succession.

Professional, Legal and Ethical S/He operates in a wide variety of settings such as acute care, primary care, community hospitals, integrated and long- Department Financial Management Level 5 Level 6 Healthcare Practice term care facilities.

Emergency Response and S/He should be visionary, and have long-range planning and strategic thinking. S/He watches the signals of change, Level 5 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 6 Crisis Management and is able to lead her/his team confidently to move nursing developments to achieve national priorities, including care transformation. S/He is able to engage various age profiles of the workforce and harness their energies for higher Health Education Programme Level 6 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 6 organisational performance. S/He is also able to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) Development and Implementation of the nursing workforce and align her/his leadership strategies to national healthcare priorities. Infection Prevention and Control in Level 6 Service Quality Management Level 5 Nursing Practice

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 5 Strategy Management Level 5 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Learning Needs Analysis Level 5 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4 FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Medication Management in Nursing Level 6 Set strategic • Direct strategies to improve quality outcomes and In accordance GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) directions for advance evidence-based care with: nursing care services • Identify relevant quality improvement indicators for patient • Nurses and Leadership Advanced Transdisciplinary Thinking Advanced and/or service outcomes and nursing practice Midwives Act (Chapter 209) Developing People Advanced Sense Making Advanced • Develop strategic plans for nursing care delivery based on a shared vision across organisation and community Decision Making Advanced • Evaluate nursing practices and client care and/or service excellence with reference to structure, process and outcome frameworks • Build inter-professional collaboration among nurses, doctors and allied health professionals to achieve optimal client care and/or service outcomes, appropriate care delivery and the effective integration of care • Establish a vision for nursing practice and client care Critical Work and/or service that complies with ethical standards and Functions and values Key Tasks / Performance • Promote a culture that focuses on patient-centred Expectations nursing care • Create an environment that promotes a culture of continuous improvement • Lead development of an effective nursing organisational structure with clear lines of authority and responsibility

Drive compliance • Implement systems and processes to ensure compliance activities and with healthcare regulatory standards operations • Approve infection control policies and practices to ensure fit for purpose and initiate change where appropriate • Drive nursing governance, compliance issues and reporting • Oversee risk management strategies, including identification, monitoring and evaluation of nursing- sensitive quality and safety indicators • Provide leadership in emergency response and crisis management in the nursing division

45 46 Chief Nurse Therapy Support

CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS

Provide oversight • Evaluate innovative changes to programmes to achieve In accordance for continuing strategic objectives with: professional development • Provide advice on educational programmes standards, • Nurses and JOB ROLES PAGE accreditation and funding Midwives Act (Chapter 209) • Provide strategic direction on nursing workforce Therapy Assistant 49 planning

Critical Work • Lead strategically to create a culture of lifelong learning Senior Therapy Assistant 51 Functions and within the organisation Key Tasks / Performance • Plan nursing manpower capability building to meet Therapy Support Associate 53 Expectations service needs • Develop nursing leadership in the organisation for succession planning

Drive ground • Create a conducive working and learning environment to engagement and enhance staff morale and support the professional and empowerment personal development of nurses • Promote participation in nursing staff recognition programmes • Endorse awards and scholarships for nurses

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Change Management Level 6 Nursing Research and Statistics Level 6

Clinical Governance Level 6 Patient Care Delivery in Nursing Level 6

Clinical Services Development Level 6 Performance Management for Nursing Level 6

Professional, Legal and Ethical Department Financial Management Level 6 Level 6 Healthcare Practice

Emergency Response and Crisis Level 6 Programme Evaluation Level 6 Management

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 6 Quality Improvement and Safe Practices Level 6

Learning Needs Analysis Level 6 Respiratory Care in Nursing Level 6

Medication Management in Nursing Level 6 Service Quality Management Level 6

Nursing Manpower Planning Level 6 Strategy Management Level 6

Nursing Productivity and Innovation Level 6

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Global Mindset Advanced Resource Management Advanced

Leadership Advanced Transdisciplinary Thinking Advanced

Communication Advanced

47 48 Therapy Assistant Therapy Assistant

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Therapy Assistant is responsible for providing support to therapists before, during and after therapy sessions. S/He is responsible for supporting department administration and operations as well as participating in continuing education to Intervention Implementation in Audit Management Level 2 Level 1 further her/his knowledge in the areas of speech therapy, occupation therapy and physiotherapy. Therapy Support

S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as well Inventory Control and Equipment Change Management Level 1 Level 1 as in the social service setting. S/He may work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team which may include speech Maintenance in Rehabilitation Care therapists, occupation therapists and physiotherapists, teachers, physicians, audiologists, psychologists and social workers. Client Assessment in Therapy Support Level 1 Management of Stakeholders Level 1 S/He should be diligent, flexible and resourceful. Professional, Legal and Ethical Client Education in Therapy Support Level 1 Level 2 Healthcare Practice

Continuous Improvement Management Level 2 Reflective Practice Level 1 CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Emergency Response and Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Crisis Management Provide therapy support • Assist the therapists in assessing clients’ status for Infection Control Level 2 Workplace Violence Level 2 suitability to start therapy sessions or continue with therapy sessions GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Prepare clients, materials and equipment for assessments or therapy Communication Basic Service Orientation Basic • Assist therapists in carrying out treatment plans Teamwork Basic Problem Solving Basic • Perform therapy procedures according to protocols as instructed by therapists Interpersonal Skills Basic • Assist therapists in recording therapy sessions according to template sets • Communicate information of therapy sessions to therapists • Educate patients and caregivers on therapeutic interventions Critical Work as instructed by therapists Functions and Key Tasks • Conduct basic or routine group therapy

Support department administration • Maintain cleanliness and safety of therapy areas and operations • Adhere to infection control procedures • Maintain inventories and equipment for the department • Perform administrative duties • Participate in quality improvement initiatives

Support specialty therapy areas • Assist in fabrication, donning and doffing of orthosis and pressure garments • Fabricate orthosis and pressure garments as instructed by therapists • Educate clients on the use of therapeutic aids or assistive devices as prescribed by therapists

49 50 Senior Therapy Assistant Senior Therapy Assistant

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Senior Therapy Assistant is responsible for providing support to therapists before, during and after therapy sessions. S/He is responsible for supporting department administration and operations as well as participating in continuing education to further her/his knowledge in the areas of speech therapy, occupation therapy and physiotherapy. S/He is also Perform supervision and team • Coordinate scheduling of leave and coverage of duties management responsible for supervising and managing therapy assistants. • Monitor daily workloads of therapy assistants S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as • Supervise therapy assistants well as in the social service setting. S/He may work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team which may include • Provide guidance to therapy assistants speech therapists, occupation therapists and physiotherapists, teachers, physicians, audiologists, psychologists and social workers. • Assist therapists in assessing therapy assistants’ performance S/He should be diligent, flexible and resourceful. S/He should also possess collaborative skills and supervisory skills. • Conduct audits on therapy assistants’ technical Critical Work competencies Functions and Key Tasks CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Participate in continuous education • Assist in planning continuing education sessions for therapy assistants

Provide therapy support • Assist the therapists in assessing clients’ status for • Provide training to therapy assistants suitability to start therapy sessions or continue with therapy sessions Support specialty therapy areas • Assist in fabrication, donning and doffing of orthosis and • Prepare clients, materials and equipment for assessments pressure garments or therapy • Fabricate orthosis and pressure garments as instructed by • Assist therapists in carrying out treatment plans therapists • Conduct routine assessments and outcome measures for • Educate clients on the use of therapeutic aids or assistive clients as prescribed by therapists devices as prescribed by therapists • Perform therapy procedures according to protocols as instructed by the therapists • Assist therapists in recording therapy sessions according to Critical Work template sets Functions and TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES Key Tasks • Communicate information of therapy sessions to therapists • Educate patients and caregivers on therapeutic interventions Audit Management Level 2 Management of Stakeholders Level 1 therapists as instructed by therapists Change Management Level 1 People Management Level 2 • Conduct basic or routine group therapy Client Assessment in Therapy Support Level 2 Performance Management Level 2

Professional, Legal and Ethical Support department administration • Maintain cleanliness and safety of therapy areas Client Education in Therapy Support Level 2 Level 2 and operations Healthcare Practice • Adhere to infection control procedures Continuous Improvement Management Level 2 Reflective Practice Level 1 • Maintain inventories and equipment for the department Emergency Response and • Perform administrative duties Level 2 Strategy Execution Level 3 Crisis Management • Participate in quality improvement initiatives Infection Control Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 • Assist in setting up and carrying out trial of new equipment Intervention Implementation in • Conduct relevant audits in areas of job scope Level 2 Workplace Violence Level 2 Therapy Support

Inventory Control and Equipment Level 1 Maintenance in Rehabilitation Care

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Intermediate Problem Solving Intermediate

Teamwork Intermediate Service Orientation Intermediate

Interpersonal Skills Intermediate

51 52 Therapy Support Associate Therapy Support Associate

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Therapy Support Associate is responsible for providing support to therapists before, during and after therapy sessions. S/He is responsible for supporting department administration and operations as well as participating in continuing education to further her/his knowledge in the areas of speech therapy, occupation therapy and physiotherapy. S/He is also Perform supervision and team • Coordinate scheduling of leave and coverage of duties management responsible for supervising and managing therapy assistants and senior therapy assistants. • Monitor daily workloads of therapy assistants S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as well • Supervise therapy assistants as in the social service setting. S/He may work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team which may include speech • Provide guidance to therapy assistants therapists, occupation therapists and physiotherapists, physicians, audiologists, psychologists and social workers. • Assist therapists in assessing therapy assistants’ S/He should be diligent, flexible and resourceful. S/He should also possess collaborative skills, supervisory skills and performance leadership skills. • Conduct audits on therapy assistants’ technical competencies Critical Work Functions and Key Tasks CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Participate in continuous education • Assist in planning continuing education sessions for therapy assistants

Provide therapy support • Assist therapists in assessing clients’ status for suitability to • Provide training to therapy assistants start therapy sessions or continue with therapy sessions

• Prepare clients, materials and equipment for assessments Support specialty therapy areas • Fabricate orthosis and pressure garments as instructed by or therapy the therapists • Assist therapists in carrying out treatment plans • Assist therapists in performing basic or routine environmental assessments of clients’ home based on • Conduct routine assessments and outcome measures for templates or according to checklists clients as prescribed by therapists • Educate clients on the use of therapeutic aids or assistive • Perform therapy procedures according to protocols as devices as prescribed by therapists instructed by therapists • Assist therapists in recording therapy sessions according to Critical Work template sets Functions and • Communicate information of therapy session to therapists Key Tasks • Educate patients and caregivers on therapeutic interventions TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES as instructed by therapists Audit Management Level 2 Management of Stakeholders Level 2 • Conduct basic or routine group therapy Change Management Level 2 People Management Level 2

Support department administration • Maintain cleanliness and safety of therapy areas Client Assessment in Therapy Support Level 2 Performance Management Level 2 and operations • Adhere to infection control procedures Professional, Legal and Ethical Client Education in Therapy Support Level 2 Level 2 • Maintain inventories and equipment for the department Healthcare Practice • Perform administrative duties Continuous Improvement Management Level 2 Reflective Practice Level 2

• Participate in quality improvement initiatives Emergency Response and Crisis Level 2 Strategy Execution Level 3 • Assist in setting up and carrying out trial of new equipment Management • Conduct relevant audits in areas of job scope Infection Control Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Intervention Implementation in Level 2 Workplace Violence Level 2 Therapy Support

Inventory Control and Equipment Level 2 Maintenance in Rehabilitation Care

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Intermediate Problem Solving Intermediate

Interpersonal Skills Intermediate Service Orientation Intermediate

Teamwork Intermediate

53 54 Notes Occupational Therapy

JOB ROLES* PAGE

Occupational Therapist 58

Senior Occupational Therapist 61

Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) 65

Senior Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) 68

*Please visit www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/hc for the Skills Map of job roles under the education, management and research sub-tracks 55 56 Occupational Therapy Occupational Therapist

A LIFE WORTH LIVING JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION

For most people, a typical day starts with getting An Occupational Therapist is responsible for providing client care, performing therapy execution and client education activities to an assigned group of clients. S/He performs continuing education and research to achieve quality client care. out of bed, going to the toilet, bathing, dressing, S/He is also conscientious in providing therapy recommendations based on evaluation of the client’s condition. having breakfast, and heading out. But for people recovering from a hip fracture or stroke, S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, acute and community hospitals, or those suffering from dementia, for example, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, long-term care facilities and clients’ homes and work these seemingly simple daily activities can be environments. S/He may also work as part of collaborative, interdisciplinary teams which may include teachers, doctors, a daunting challenge. That is when Valenie Tay audiologists, psychologists, social workers, physiotherapists and speech therapists. comes in. S/He should have initiative and be sensitive to the needs of her/his clients. S/He should possess communication and problem-solving skills. As an occupational therapist, Valenie dedicates her career to helping such clients regain their functional independence to perform daily tasks so that they can maximise their quality of life. She plans individualised CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE treatment plans for each client, taking into FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS consideration not just their physical condition and the daily activities they have to engage in, Conduct client • Review client case notes, take client history and In accordance but also their routine, emotional health, value assessment and interpret assessment results with: system, social context as well as home and therapy planning work environments. • Conduct functional assessment to determine required • Allied Health therapy interventions Professions Act (Chapter 6B) “Occupational therapists need to have sound • Conduct assessment of clients’ environment clinical reasoning skills and good patient • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to engagement skills, both of which require enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes continuous learning,” she says. • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in The eager learner, who already holds a collaboration with client and relevant stakeholders master’s degree, reveals that mentoring • Plan therapy interventions based on medical skills are next on her learning agenda as condition(s), indications and contraindications she hopes to continue mentoring other occupational therapists. To help her identify • Document results of case history taking, assessment the competencies she needs as a mentor, results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures Critical Work she could use the career pathways set out in Functions and • Communicate assessment results, therapy plans, goals the Skills Framework, and identify relevant Key Tasks / and outcome measures to clients and other relevant courses to deepen her skills in relevant areas. Performance stakeholders The Skills Framework can also help with her Expectations career trajectory. Ms Valenie Tay Perform therapy • Deliver appropriate interventions to facilitate clients’ Senior Occupational Therapist interventions occupational performance based on findings, goals and “The Skills Framework could be a reference Ren Ci Hospital treatment plans to identify skills that I will need as a mentor. • Modify therapy plans based on client motivation, safety, By using the Skills Map to compare my current as well as therapy outcome measures collected role to the ones I aspire to hold, the framework can guide me to determine the areas where I • Deliver community integration training to clients need to deepen my skills in order to move into • Formulate discharge or care plans in consultation with The Skills Framework could be a the education sub-track of the profession. relevant stakeholders As I continue to mentor my juniors, the Skills reference to identify skills that I will • Recommend assistive devices and equipment Framework will also be a helpful reference as need as a mentor. By using the Skills I guide them in developing the right skills to • Propose environmental modifications based on clients’ Map to compare my current role to the fulfill their career aspirations,” she adds. needs and safety considerations • Coordinate with relevant parties to support clients in ones I aspire to hold, the framework From working with clients to mentoring achieving their treatment goals can guide me to determine the areas juniors, it is clear that for Valenie, a life worth • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected where I need to deepen my skills in living is one that is spent helping others live life therapy outcome measures at regular intervals to the fullest. order to move into the education sub- • Review continuity of care plans track of the profession.

57 58 Occupational Therapist Occupational Therapist

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Inventory Management in Analysis of Research Data Level 3 Level 3 Rehabilitation Therapy Provide client • Empower clients and caregivers with methods to In accordance Assistive Devices Prescription in education enhance health, mobility and function through self- with: Level 3 Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 management strategies Occupational Therapy • Allied Health • Train clients in the use of orthoses and assistive devices Professions Act Audit Management Level 3 Management of Stakeholders Level 3 (Chapter 6B) • Develop client and caregiver educational materials Change Management Level 3 People Management Level 3

• Communicate intervention plans, client statuses and Client Advocacy Level 3 Performance Management Level 3 discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders Client Assessment for Occupational Therapy Level 3 Professional Consultation Level 3

Manage risk and • Participate in quality improvement projects Professional, Legal and Ethical Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 3 Level 3 quality Healthcare Practice • Respond to incidents in compliance with organisation’s incident management guidelines Clinical Governance Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 3 • Identify risks pertaining to workplace health and safety Clinical Incident Management in Level 3 Programme Design Level 4 • Implement preventative measures pertaining to risk Rehabilitation Therapy management Clinical Record Documentation and Level 3 Programme Evaluation Level 4 • Conduct safety and quality audits Management in Rehabilitation Therapy Critical Work Functions and Clinical Services Development Level 3 Project Management Level 3 Key Tasks / Perform clinical • Participate in the development of clinical practice Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Reflective Practice Level 3 Performance administration and guidelines Expectations operations • Oversee inventory management processes Continuous Improvement Management Level 3 Research Proposal Development Level 3

• Participate in the development, promotion or marketing Data Collection and Management Level 3 Risk Management Level 3 of new clinical services Department Financial Management Level 3 Scientific Writing and Communication Level 3

Participate • Evaluate teaching outcomes at personal level Effective Client Communication Level 3 Service Quality Management Level 3 in continuing • Deliver training or in-service to colleagues Emergency Response and Crisis education and Level 3 Strategy Development Level 3 Management research activities • Participate in research projects to contribute to evidence-based practice guidelines Environmental Assessment and Level 3 Strategy Execution Level 3 Modification for Occupational Therapy

Provide • Mentor support staff and conditionally-registered Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 3 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 3 supervision and therapists for professional development purposes team development Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 3 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 3 • Perform peer audits on compliance to clinical standards Health Promotion Level 3 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 3 • Plan induction and clinical orientation for new team members Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 3 Workforce Planning Level 4 • Provide clinical supervision for students Infection Control Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2 • Provide clinical supervision for support staff and therapists on conditional registration Inter-professional Collaboration Level 3 Workplace Violence Level 3 • Conduct clinical audits Intervention Planning in Occupational Therapy Level 3

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Intermediate Teamwork Basic

Decision Making Basic Interpersonal Skills Intermediate

Problem Solving Basic

59 60 Senior Occupational Therapist Senior Occupational Therapist

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Senior Occupational Therapist is responsible for providing client care, treatment and client education in collaboration CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE with various healthcare teams. S/He performs detailed assessments and interventions for clients and may train new or FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS junior occupational therapists in these activities. S/He has advanced expertise and knowledge in her/his specialty area. S/He is expected to monitor the caseloads of team members and provide supervision as needed. Provide client • Empower clients and caregivers with methods to In accordance education enhance health, mobility and functions through self- with: S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, acute and community management strategies hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, long-term care facilities and clients’ homes • Allied Health and work environments. S/He may also work as part of collaborative, interdisciplinary teams which may include teachers, • Communicate intervention plans, client statuses and Professions Act discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders (Chapter 6B) doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, physiotherapists and speech therapists. • Develop client and caregiver educational materials S/He should have initiative and be sensitive to the needs of her/his clients. S/He should possess management, leadership and problem-solving skills. • Train clients in use of orthoses and assistive devices • Guide clients and caregivers in managing psychodynamic issues

CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Manage risk and • Co-lead quality improvement projects FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS quality • Guide junior staff in responding to incidents in compliance with organisational incident management Conduct client • Conduct functional assessment to determine required In accordance guidelines assessment and therapy interventions with: Critical Work • Identify risks pertaining to workplace health and safety therapy planning Functions and • Conduct assessment of clients’ environment • Allied Health Key Tasks / • Implement preventative measures pertaining to risk Professions Act Performance management • Plan interventions for cases, based on medical (Chapter 6B) condition(s), indications and contraindications Expectations • Conduct safety and quality audits • Review client case notes, take client history and interpret assessment results Perform clinical • Participate in the development of clinical practice • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, administration and guidelines Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in operations collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders • Oversee inventory management processes • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to • Monitor teams’ clinical and non-clinical key performance enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes indicators • Document results of case history taking, assessment • Assist in the development, promotion or marketing of new clinical services Critical Work results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures Functions and • Communicate assessment results, therapy plans, goals • Participate in the recruitment process of therapy Key Tasks / and outcome measures to clients and other relevant assistants Performance stakeholders Expectations • Coordinate rosters of therapy teams to enhance manpower usage Perform therapy • Deliver appropriate interventions to facilitate clients’ • Develop work plans for teams to meet the department’s interventions occupational performance based on findings, goals and key performance indicators treatment plans • Manage feedback from stakeholders • Recommend assistive devices and equipment • Provide inputs for budgeting • Review continuity of care plans • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected therapy outcome measures at regular intervals • Modify therapy plans • Propose environmental modifications based on clients’ needs and safety considerations • Deliver community integration training to clients • Coordinate with relevant parties to support clients in achieving their treatment goals • Formulate discharge or care plans in consultation with relevant stakeholders

61 62 Senior Occupational Therapist Senior Occupational Therapist

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Inventory Management in Analysis of Research Data Level 4 Level 4 Rehabilitation Therapy Participate • Provide feedback on educational activities In accordance Assistive Devices Prescription in continuing with: Level 4 Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 education and • Evaluate learners’ performance based on learning in Occupational Therapy research activities outcomes • Allied Health Professions Act Audit Management Level 4 Management of Stakeholders Level 4 • Plan continuing education programmes for support staff (Chapter 6B) and therapists Change Management Level 4 People Management Level 4

• Coordinate clinical attachment programmes for therapy Client Advocacy Level 4 Performance Management Level 4 students • Develop education activities to meet the learning needs Client Assessment for Occupational Therapy Level 4 Professional Consultation Level 4 of staff Professional, Legal and Ethical Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Level 4 • Deliver training or in-service to colleagues Healthcare Practice Critical Work • Participate in research projects to contribute to Clinical Governance Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 4 Functions and evidence-based practice Key Tasks / Clinical Incident Management in Level 4 Programme Design Level 4 Performance Rehabilitation Therapy Expectations Provide • Mentor support staff and therapists for professional Clinical Record Documentation and supervision and development purposes Level 4 Programme Evaluation Level 4 team development Management in Rehabilitation Therapy • Perform peer audits on compliance to clinical standards Clinical Services Development Level 4 Project Management Level 4 • Teach techniques in the assessment and management of basic and complex cases Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 4 Reflective Practice Level 4

• Review clinical competency standards of staff Continuous Improvement Management Level 4 Research Proposal Development Level 4 • Plan induction and clinical orientation for new team Data Collection and Management Level 4 Research Translation Level 4 members • Provide clinical supervision for students Department Financial Management Level 4 Risk Management Level 4 • Provide clinical supervision for support staff and Effective Client Communication Level 4 Scientific Writing and Communication Level 4 therapists Emergency Response and Crisis Level 4 Service Quality Management Level 4 • Monitor performance and development of direct reports Management

• Conduct clinical audits Environmental Assessment and Level 4 Strategy Development Level 4 Modification for Occupational Therapy

Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Strategy Execution Level 4

Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 4 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 4

Health Promotion Level 4 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 4

Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 4 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 4

Infection Control Level 4 Workforce Planning Level 4

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3

Intervention Planning in Occupational Therapy Level 4 Workplace Violence Level 4

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Intermediate Leadership Intermediate

Decision Making Intermediate Teamwork Intermediate

Problem Solving Intermediate

63 64 Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) manages clients in her/his specialty and guides staff to be competent in their CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE designated clinical specialty areas. S/He guides occupational therapists and senior occupational therapists on complex FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS cases. S/He provides in-depth caregiver training, and coaches caregivers on assisting clients’ in gaining independence. S/He is responsible for leading the development of new clinical services. S/He also plays a consultant role to occupational Perform therapy • Modify therapy plans In accordance interventions with: therapists in managing complex cases. • Review continuity of care plans • Allied Health S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, acute and community • Deliver community integration training to clients hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, long-term care facilities and clients’ homes Professions Act (Chapter 6B) and work environments. S/He may also work as part of collaborative, interdisciplinary teams which may include teachers, • Coordinate with relevant parties to support clients in doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, physiotherapists and speech therapists. achieving their treatment goals • Formulate discharge or care plans in consultation with S/He should be insightful, decisive and confident. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, communication and team relevant stakeholders building skills. • Communicate information for continuity of care and safety of clients • Propose environmental modifications based on clients’ needs and safety considerations CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE • Adopt new interventions, techniques and technologies FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS based on research findings

Conduct client • Conduct functional assessment for cases requiring in- In accordance assessment and depth understanding of area of specialty with: Provide client • Oversee the development and update of client and therapy planning education caregiver educational materials • Conduct assessment of clients’ environment • Allied Health Professions Act Critical Work • Empower clients and caregivers with methods to • Plan interventions, based on medical conditions, (Chapter 6B) Functions and enhance health, mobility and functions through self- indications and contraindications Key Tasks / management strategies • Review client case notes, take client history and Performance • Train clients in the use of orthoses and assistive devices interpret assessment results Expectations • Communicate the intervention plans, client statuses and • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders, • Guide clients and caregivers in managing complex within a complex psychosocial environment psychodynamic issues • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes in Critical Work Manage specialty • Develop clinical practice guidelines areas of specialty areas of clinical Functions and • Monitor compliance to clinical protocols Key Tasks / • Document results of case history taking, assessment services Performance results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures • Provide clinical expertise for research Expectations • Communicate the assessment results, therapy plans, • Lead the development of new clinical services goals and outcome measures to clients and other relevant stakeholders Manage clinical • Mentor therapists for professional development • Provide consultation as a specialist or expert in complex supervision cases or situations • Implement clinical audit strategies • Lead the implementation of new and/or updated • Develop staff to be competent in clinical specialty areas assessment techniques based on current evidence • Provide mentorship to multi-disciplinary teams • Set clinical competency standards for the profession Perform therapy • Deliver appropriate interventions to facilitate clients’ interventions occupational performance based on findings, goals and • Oversee induction and clinical orientation for new team treatment plans members • Provide consultation for intervention delivery as a • Provide clinical supervision for senior therapists specialist or expert in complex cases or complex situations • Recommend assistive devices and equipment • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected therapy outcome measures at regular intervals

65 66 Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) Senior Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Senior Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) ensures that occupational therapists are competent in their respective Assistive Devices Prescription specialty areas and that they adhere to clinical practice frameworks. S/He sets clinical standards for occupational Level 5 Inter-professional Collaboration Level 5 in Occupational Therapy therapists and can manage clients with multiple complexities in their areas of specialty. S/He uses her/his expert knowledge to guide occupational therapists in complex cases. Audit Management Level 5 Intervention Planning in Occupational Therapy Level 5 S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, acute and community Change Management Level 5 Learning Needs Analysis Level 5 hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, integrated and long-term care facilities and clients’ homes and work environments. S/He may also work as part of collaborative, interdisciplinary teams which may Client Advocacy Level 5 Management of Stakeholders Level 5 include teachers, nurses, doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, physiotherapists and speech therapists. Client Assessment for Occupational Therapy Level 5 People Management Level 5 S/He should be visionary, decisive and confident. S/He should possess effective leadership, interpersonal, communication Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 5 Professional Consultation Level 5 and team-building skills.

Professional, Legal and Ethical Clinical Governance Level 5 Level 5 Healthcare Practice

Clinical Incident Management in Level 5 Programme Delivery Level 5 Rehabilitation Therapy CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Clinical Record Documentation and Level 5 Project Management Level 5 Management in Rehabilitation Therapy Conduct client • Conduct functional assessment with in-depth In accordance Clinical Services Development Level 5 Reflective Practice Level 5 assessment and understanding of area of specialty with: therapy planning • Conduct assessment of clients’ environment • Allied Health Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Risk Management Level 5 Professions Act • Plan interventions based on medical condition(s), (Chapter 6B) Continuous Improvement Management Level 5 Service Quality Management Level 5 indications and contraindications Effective Client Communication Level 5 Strategy Development Level 5 • Review client case notes, take client history and interpret assessment results Emergency Response and Crisis Level 5 Strategy Execution Level 5 Management • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in Environmental Assessment and Modification Critical Work collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders Level 5 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 5 for Occupational Therapy Functions and within a complex psychosocial environment Key Tasks / Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 5 Performance • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to Expectations enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes in Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 4 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 5 areas of specialty

Health Promotion Level 5 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4 • Document results of case history taking, assessment results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 5 Workplace Violence Level 5 • Communicate the assessment results, therapy plans, Infection Control Level 5 goals and outcome measures to clients and other relevant stakeholders GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Assess gaps in clinical practice • Provide specialised clinical interventions Sense Making Intermediate Leadership Intermediate • Collaborate with multidisciplinary teams in creating new Decision Making Advanced Developing People Intermediate clinical pathways or protocols for diagnostic groups

Communication Advanced • Lead the implementation of new and/or updated assessment techniques based on current evidence

67 68 Senior Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) Senior Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical)

CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS

Perform therapy • Deliver appropriate interventions to facilitate clients’ In accordance Manage specialty • Lead development of clinical practice guidelines In accordance interventions occupational performance based on findings, goals and with: areas of clinical with: treatment plans services • Monitor compliance to clinical protocols • Allied Health • Allied Health • Perform specialised clinical interventions Professions Act • Drive evidence-based practices that align with emerging Professions Act (Chapter 6B) trends and population health in specialty areas of clinical (Chapter 6B) • Provide consultation for intervention delivery as a services specialist or expert in complex cases or situations • Formulate and implement clinical audit strategies • Recommend assistive devices and equipment • Review audit findings at an overall setting or institutional • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected level therapy outcome measures at regular intervals Critical Work Functions and • Oversee the implementation of new clinical processes • Modify therapy plans based on clients’ needs and safety Key Tasks / and systems considerations Performance • Provide clinical expertise for research • Review continuity of care plans Expectations • Set clinical standards for the profession • Deliver community integration training to clients • Lead the development of new clinical services Critical Work • Coordinate with relevant parties to support clients in Functions and achieving their treatment goals Key Tasks / Manage clinical • Mentor principal therapists to facilitate their Performance • Formulate discharge or care plans in consultation with supervision professional development Expectations relevant stakeholders • Audit compliance to clinical standards • Communicate information for continuity of care and safety of clients • Develop staff to be competent in clinical specialty areas • Propose environmental modifications based on clients’ • Provide mentorship to multi-disciplinary teams needs and safety considerations • Set clinical competency standards for the profession • Provide clinical supervision for principal therapists Provide client • Oversee the development and update of client and education caregiver educational materials • Empower clients and caregivers on methods to enhance health, mobility and functions through self-management strategies • Develop frameworks for client and caregiver education and educational methods • Train clients in the use of orthoses and assistive devices • Communicate the intervention plans, client statuses and discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders • Guide clients and caregivers in managing complex psychodynamic issues

69 70 Senior Principal Occupational Therapist (Clinical) Physiotherapy

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Assistive Devices Prescription Level 5 Inter-professional Collaboration Level 6 in Occupational Therapy

Audit Management Level 5 Intervention Planning in Occupational Therapy Level 6

Change Management Level 6 Learning Needs Analysis Level 6 JOB ROLES* PAGE Client Advocacy Level 6 Management of Stakeholders Level 6 Physiotherapist 74 Client Assessment for Occupational Therapy Level 6 People Management Level 6

Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 5 Professional Consultation Level 6 Senior Physiotherapist 77

Professional, Legal and Ethical Clinical Governance Level 6 Level 6 Healthcare Practice Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) 81

Clinical Incident Management in Level 6 Programme Delivery Level 5 Senior Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) 84 Rehabilitation Therapy

Clinical Record Documentation and Level 5 Project Management Level 6 Management in Rehabilitation Therapy

Clinical Services Development Level 6 Reflective Practice Level 6

Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Risk Management Level 6

Continuous Improvement Management Level 6 Service Quality Management Level 6

Effective Client Communication Level 5 Strategy Development Level 6

Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 6 Strategy Execution Level 6

Environmental Assessment and Modification Level 6 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 5 for Occupational Therapy

Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 6

Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 5 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 6

Health Promotion Level 6 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4

Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 5 Workplace Violence Level 5

Infection Control Level 5

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Leadership Advanced Developing People Advanced

Sense Making Advanced Communication Advanced

Decision Making Advanced

*Please visit www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/hc for the Skills Map of job roles under the education, management and research sub-tracks 71 72 Physiotherapy Physiotherapist PUTTING PASSION FIRST JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION Jo-Ann Nair is passionate about her work as a physiotherapist. She knows this for a fact because A Physiotherapist is responsible for helping clients restore mobility, function and independence through detailed she once gave it up to pursue another career option assessments of problems, individualised treatments and manual therapy. S/He works in a multidisciplinary team to but, after a few years, she found herself back in ensure a high standard of clinical practice and professional conduct in all areas of client care. S/He organises and physiotherapy doing what she loves most — helping distributes the caseloads, supervises students, and coaches junior/support care staff. people regain the functional independence to live S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, sports teams, acute hospitals, life to the fullest. community hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, integrated and long-term care facilities and clients’ homes and work environments. S/He may also work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team Jo-Ann had been practising physiotherapy for a few which may include teachers, nurses, doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists and years before she buckled under parental pressure speech therapists. to quit her job. Her father did not object to her career choice but was adamant about her having a S/He should have initiative and be sensitive to the needs of her/his clients. S/He should possess communication skills and local degree. At that time, physiotherapy was not yet problem-solving skills. available as a local degree programme. In order to fulfil her father’s wish, Jo-Ann returned to school to study accountancy and spent a few years working as an external auditor. CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS “In my head, I knew that accountancy offered good career prospects but my heart was just not in it. I struggled with the decision to return to physiotherapy Conduct client • Conduct physical, psycho-social, discipline specific and In accordance because it felt like a waste of my accountancy assessment and impairment-based assessments to determine required with: therapy planning therapeutic interventions degree but I was really not happy working as an • Allied Health auditor. It was a fight between reason and passion, • Evaluate history and physical examination findings using Professions Act and passion won. I returned to physiotherapy and I clinical reasoning to develop an appropriate client- (Chapter 6B) have never been happier,” she shares. centric intervention plans • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, As a primary care physiotherapist now, Jo-Ann helps Critical Work Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in clients suffering from muscle, nerve, and joint pains Functions and collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders Key Tasks / to regain their functional abilities. She also teaches Performance • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to her clients therapeutic exercises to not only resolve Expectations enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes their symptoms but also to prevent recurrences of • Document results of case history taking, assessment their condition. For elderly clients, she focuses on results, therapy plans, interventions, goals and outcome muscle strengthening and fall prevention. Jo-Ann measures feels that the sense of satisfaction from seeing her • Plan therapy interventions based on medical clients make progress and achieve their therapy condition(s), indications and contraindications goals, is something money cannot buy. Ms Jo-Ann Nair • Communicate the assessment results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures to clients and other Physiotherapist Now eager to accelerate her professional growth and relevant stakeholders National Healthcare Group Polyclinics further her clinical skills development to better care for her clients, Jo-Ann feels she can turn to the Skills • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to Framework as it is comprehensive and includes clients’ needs detailed descriptions of the skills needed for each role. The framework also features information on career pathways and training programmes. There is still so much that I want and need to learn. I can use the “There is still so much that I want and need to learn. I can use the Skills Map for Physiotherapists Skills Map for Physiotherapists in in the Skills Framework to shortlist the patient- the Skills Framework to shortlist related skills that I need to deepen or acquire the patient-related skills that I need in order to give my clients the best care, such as therapeutic equipment prescription in to deepen or acquire in order to physiotherapy and therapy intervention evaluation give my clients the best care. in therapeutic planning. I can then prioritise my learning and development needs based on the areas that would benefit my clients the most,” she says.

With passion driving her forward, Jo-Ann is set to continue enjoying an enriching and rewarding career.

73 74 Physiotherapist Physiotherapist

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Analysis of Research Data Level 3 Inter-professional Collaboration Level 3

Inventory Management in Rehabilitation Perform therapy • Perform appropriate interventions based on findings, In accordance Audit Management Level 3 Level 3 interventions and goals and treatment plans with: Therapy client education • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected • Allied Health Case History Taking in Physiotherapy Level 3 Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 therapy outcome measures at regular intervals Professions Act (Chapter 6B) Change Management Level 3 Management of Stakeholders Level 3 • Modify therapy plans based on client performance, motivation, safety as well as therapy outcome measures Client Advocacy Level 3 Professional Consultation Level 3 collected Professional, Legal and Ethical Client Assessment for Physiotherapy Level 3 Level 3 • Communicate the intervention plans, outcome Healthcare Practice measures, progress and discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 4

• Empower clients and caregivers on methods to enhance Clinical Governance Level 4 Programme Design Level 4 health, mobility and function Clinical Incident Management in • Provide clients and caregivers with education and Level 3 Programme Evaluation Level 4 training in self-management Rehabilitation Therapy Clinical Record Documentation and • Formulate discharge and continuity of care plans based Level 3 Project Management Level 3 on client performance in consultation with relevant Management in Rehabilitation Therapy stakeholders Clinical Services Development Level 3 Reflective Practice Level 3 • Facilitate community integration through collaboration Critical Work with community partners as required Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Research Proposal Development Level 3 Functions and Continuous Improvement Management Level 3 Risk Management Level 3 Key Tasks / Manage risk and • Report client incidents to supervisors Performance Data Collection and Management Level 3 Scientific Writing and Communication Level 3 quality Expectations • Conduct service and clinical audits Development on Intervention Plan for Level 3 Service Quality Management Level 3 • Identify safety risks and issues Physiotherapy

• Identify preventive and corrective care measures Effective Client Communication Level 3 Strategy Development Level 3 • Perform measures to ensure workplace safety and health Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 3 Strategy Execution Level 3

Environmental Assessment and Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in Level 3 Level 3 Perform clinical • Maintain inventories of all equipment and resource Modification for Physiotherapy Physiotherapy administration and materials required for therapy services operations Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 3 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 3 • Assist in the implementation and promotion of new clinical services in therapy Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 3 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 3 • Manage individual case loads Health Promotion Level 3 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 3 • Monitor individual performance indicators Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2

Participate • Participate in research and/or quality improvement Infection Control Level 3 Workplace Violence Level 3 in continuing initiatives education and GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) research activities • Evaluate teaching outcomes at an individual level • Participate in continuous professional development Communication Intermediate Decision Making Basic • Deliver training Interpersonal Skills Basic Teamwork Basic • Participate in research projects to contribute to evidence-based practice guidelines Problem Solving Basic

75 76 Senior Physiotherapist Senior Physiotherapist

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Senior Physiotherapist is an advanced practitioner who helps clients restore mobility, function and independence CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE through a detailed assessment of problems and individualised treatments. S/He works in a multidisciplinary team FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS to ensure a high standard of clinical practice and professional conduct in all areas of client care. S/He has advanced expertise and knowledge in her/his specialty area. S/He monitors the caseloads and performance of junior therapists and Perform therapy • Perform appropriate interventions based on findings, In accordance provides supervision as needed. interventions and goals and treatment plans with: client education S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, sports teams, acute hospitals, • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected • Allied Health community hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, integrated and long-term care therapy outcome measures at regular intervals Professions Act (Chapter 6B) facilities and clients’ homes and work environments. S/He may also work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team • Modify therapy plans based on client’s performance, which may include teachers, nurses, doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists and motivation, safety as well as therapy outcome measures speech therapists. collected S/He should have initiative and be sensitive to the needs of her/his clients. S/He should possess management skills, • Communicate the intervention plans, outcome leadership skills and problem-solving skills. measures, progress and discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders • Empower clients and caregivers with methods to enhance health, mobility and function • Provide clients and caregivers with education and CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE training in self-management FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS • Assist to develop and implement client and caregiver Critical Work educational materials and training programmes Conduct client • Conduct physical, psycho-social, discipline-specific, and In accordance Functions and assessment and impairment-based assessments to determine required with: Key Tasks / • Formulate discharge and continuity of care plans based therapy planning therapeutic interventions Performance on client’s performance in consultation with relevant • Allied Health Expectations stakeholders • Evaluate history and physical examination findings using Professions Act clinical reasoning to develop an appropriate patient (Chapter 6B) • Facilitate community integration through collaboration client-centric intervention plans with community partners as required

Critical Work • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, Provide • Mentor therapists and support staff for professional Functions and Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in supervision and development Key Tasks / collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders team development Performance • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to • Plan induction and clinical orientation for new team Expectations enable the evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes members • Document results of case history taking, assessment • Assist to conduct staff appraisals and staff development results, therapy plans, interventions, goals and outcome plans measures • Manage minor staff conflicts or disciplinary issues • Provide therapy recommendations involving junior staff • Communicate assessment results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures to clients and other relevant Manage specialty • Participate in the development of clinical practice stakeholders areas of clinical guidelines services • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to • Implement evidence-based practices in specialty areas clients’ needs of clinical services • Update clinical practice guidelines

77 78 Senior Physiotherapist Senior Physiotherapist

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Analysis of Research Data Level 4 Learning Needs Analysis Level 4

Manage risk and • Report client incidents to supervisors In accordance Audit Management Level 4 Management of Stakeholders Level 4 quality with: • Review documented client incident report • Allied Health Case History Taking in Physiotherapy Level 4 People Management Level 4 • Conduct service and clinical audits Professions Act • Review audit findings at team level (Chapter 6B) Change Management Level 4 Performance Management Level 4 • Identify safety risks and issues Client Advocacy Level 4 Professional Consultation Level 4

• Recommend preventive and corrective care measures Professional, Legal and Ethical Client Assessment for Physiotherapy Level 4 Level 4 Healthcare Practice • Perform measures to ensure workplace safety and health Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 4 • Formulate preventive measures for clinical adverse events Clinical Governance Level 4 Programme Design Level 4 Clinical Incident Management in Level 4 Programme Evaluation Level 4 Rehabilitation Therapy Perform clinical • Oversee inventory management and equipment administration and maintenance required for therapy services Clinical Record Documentation and Level 4 Project Management Level 4 operations Management in Rehabilitation Therapy • Participate in the development and promotion of new Critical Work clinical services in therapy Clinical Services Development Level 4 Reflective Practice Level 4 Functions and • Monitor team-based key performance indicators Key Tasks / Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 4 Research Proposal Development Level 4 Performance • Manage client feedback Expectations Continuous Improvement Management Level 4 Research Translation Level 4 • Plan manpower allocation for the therapy team Data Collection and Management Level 4 Risk Management Level 4 • Provide recommendations for budgets • Review unit and task work processes on policy and Department Financial Management Level 4 Scientific Writing and Communication Level 4 procedures Development on Intervention Plan for Level 4 Service Quality Management Level 4 • Oversee the maintenance of clients’ records Physiotherapy

Effective Client Communication Level 4 Strategy Development Level 4 Participate • Assist in leading research and/or quality improvement Emergency Response and Crisis Management Level 4 Strategy Execution Level 4 in continuing initiatives education and Environmental Assessment and Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in • Provide feedback on educational activities Level 4 Level 4 research activities Modification for Physiotherapy Physiotherapy • Participate in continuous professional development activities Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 4

• Develop education activities to meet the learning needs Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 4 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 4 of staff and students Health Promotion Level 4 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 4 • Deliver training • Plan continuing education programmes for support staff Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 4 Workforce Planning Level 4 and therapists Infection Control Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3 • Participate in research projects to contribute to evidence-based practice guidelines Inter-professional Collaboration Level 4 Workplace Violence Level 4 Inventory Management in Rehabilitation Level 4 Therapy

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Intermediate Problem Solving Intermediate

Interpersonal Skills Intermediate Teamwork Intermediate

Decision Making Intermediate

79 80 Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) is responsible for managing clients in her/his areas of specialty from administering CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE treatments to empowering clients in self-management. S/He is also responsible for providing training to staff in specialty FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS areas of clinical services. S/He guides physiotherapists and senior physiotherapists on complex cases. S/He mentors Senior Physiotherapists in clinical and professional development. Perform therapy • Perform specialised clinical interventions In accordance interventions and with: S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, sports teams, acute hospitals, client education • Modify therapy plans based on clients’ needs, client community hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, integrated and long-term care performance, motivation, safety as well as therapy • Allied Health facilities and clients’ homes and work environments. S/He may also work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team outcome measures Professions Act (Chapter 6B) which may include teachers, nurses, doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists and • Communicate information for continuity of care and speech therapists. safety for clients S/He should be insightful, decisive and confident. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, communication and team- • Empower clients and caregivers with methods to building skills. enhance health, mobility and function • Provide clients and caregivers with education and training in self-management • Train clients and caregivers on methods and techniques to enhance therapy care CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS • Develop and implement client and caregiver education materials and training programmes Conduct client • Conduct functional assessments with in-depth In accordance • Formulate discharge and continuity of care plans based assessment and understanding of areas of specialty with: on client performance in consultation with relevant therapy planning stakeholders • Evaluate history and physical examination findings using • Allied Health clinical reasoning to develop an appropriate client- Professions Act • Adopt new interventions, techniques and technologies centric intervention plan (Chapter 6B) based on research findings Critical Work • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, • Drive value-based care Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in Functions and collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders Key Tasks / • Facilitate community integration through collaboration Performance with community partners as required • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to Expectations enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes in • Drive transitional care initiatives across institutions & areas of speciality settings Critical Work Functions and • Document results of case history taking, assessment Key Tasks / results, therapy plans, interventions, goals and outcome Manage specialty • Participate in the development of clinical practice Performance measures areas of clinical guidelines Expectations services • Provide specialised clinical assessments • Update clinical protocols according to clinical practice guidelines • Communicate the assessment results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures to clients and other • Drive evidence-based practices that align with emerging relevant stakeholders trends and population health in specialty areas of clinical services • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to clients’ needs • Implement clinical audit strategies • Provide consultation for intervention delivery as a • Review audit findings at a unit or department level specialist or expert in complex cases or complex situations • Implement new clinical processes and systems • Assess gaps in clinical practice • Set up work improvement teams and projects to improve • Lead the implementation of new assessment techniques service quality based on current evidence • Provide clinical expertise and guidance for research • Collaborate with a multidisciplinary team in creating new clinical pathways or protocols for diagnostic groups Manage clinical • Review clinical assessments, intervention planning and supervision outcomes with the therapy team • Mentor therapists on their professional development • Develop staff to be competent in clinical specialty areas

81 82 Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) Senior Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE A Senior Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) is responsible for managing clients in her/his areas of specialty from FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS administering treatments to empowering clients in self-management. S/He is responsible for steering clinical standards Critical Work Functions and for the physiotherapy profession. S/He leads the development of new clinical services and implements work redesign. Key Tasks / Manage clinical • Set clinical competency standards for the profession In accordance S/He participates in clinical policy-making and management of clinical resources. supervision with: Performance • Provide mentorship to a multi-disciplinary team S/He may work in various settings such as but not limited to public and private institutions, sports teams, acute hospitals, Expectations • Allied Health • Oversee the clinical orientation of new team members in community hospitals, rehabilitation centres, voluntary welfare organisations, schools, integrated and long-term care Professions Act facilities and clients’ homes and work environments. S/He may also work as part of a collaborative, interdisciplinary team the department (Chapter 6B) which may include teachers, nurses, doctors, audiologists, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists and speech therapists. S/He should be visionary, decisive and confident. S/He should possess effective leadership, interpersonal, communication and team-building skills.

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Audit Management Level 5 Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 5 CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Case History Taking in Physiotherapy Level 4 Infection Control Level 5 FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Change Management Level 5 Inter-professional Collaboration Level 5 Conduct client • Conduct functional assessments with in-depth In accordance Client Advocacy Level 5 Management of Stakeholders Level 5 assessment and understanding of areas of specialty with: therapy planning Client Assessment for Physiotherapy Level 5 People Management Level 5 • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, Measurable, • Allied Health Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in collaboration with Professions Client Education in Rehabilitation Level 5 Professional Consultation Level 5 clients and relevant stakeholders for complex cases Act (Chapter Therapy 6B) • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to Professional, Legal and Ethical Clinical Governance Level 5 Level 5 enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes Healthcare Practice • Document results of case history taking, assessment Clinical Incident Management in results, therapy plans, interventions, goals and outcome Level 5 Programme Delivery Level 5 Rehabilitation Therapy measures

Clinical Record Documentation and • Evaluate history and physical examination findings using Level 5 Project Management Level 5 Management in Rehabilitation Therapy clinical reasoning to develop an appropriate client- centric intervention plans Clinical Services Development Level 5 Reflective Practice Level 5 Critical Work Functions and • Communicate the assessment results, therapy plans, Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Service Quality Management Level 5 Key Tasks / goals and outcome measures to clients and other Performance relevant stakeholders Continuous Improvement Level 5 Strategy Development Level 5 Expectations Management • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to clients’ needs Development on Intervention Plan for Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in Level 5 Level 5 • Provide consultation as a specialist or expert for Physiotherapy Physiotherapy complex cases Effective Client Communication Level 5 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 5 • Assess gaps in clinical practice Environmental Assessment and Level 5 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 5 • Implement new assessment techniques based on Modification for Physiotherapy current evidence Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 5 • Interpret results of advanced diagnostic procedures

Group Therapy Planning and • Collaborate with a multidisciplinary team in creating Level 5 Workplace Violence Level 5 Implementation new clinical pathways or protocols for diagnostic groups

Health Promotion Level 5 Perform therapy • Perform specialised clinical interventions intervention and GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) client education • Modify therapy plans based on client performance, motivation, safety as well as therapy outcome measures Communication Advanced Decision Making Advanced collected

Interpersonal Skills Advanced Teamwork Advanced

Problem Solving Advanced

83 84 Senior Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical) Senior Principal Physiotherapist (Clinical)

CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Critical Work Functions and Perform therapy • Communicate information for continuity of care and In accordance Key Tasks / Manage clinical • Provide mentorship to a the multi-disciplinary teams In accordance intervention and safety for clients with: Performance supervision with: client education • Set clinical competency standards for the profession • Empower clients and caregivers on methods to enhance • Allied Health Expectations • Allied Health health, mobility and function Professions Act • Oversee clinical orientation of new team members in the Professions Act (Chapter 6B) department (Chapter 6B) • Provide clients and caregivers with education and training in self-management • Train clients and caregivers on methods and techniques to enhance therapy care

• Lead teams to develop client and caregiver educational TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES materials and training programmes using innovative strategies Audit Management Level 5 Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 5 • Formulate discharge and continuity of care plans based on client performance in consultation with relevant Case History Taking in Physiotherapy Level 4 Infection Control Level 5 stakeholders Change Management Level 6 Inter-professional Collaboration Level 6 • Adopt new interventions, techniques and technologies based on research findings Client Advocacy Level 6 Management of Stakeholders Level 6

• Drive value-based care Client Assessment for Physiotherapy Level 6 People Management Level 6 • Facilitate community integration through collaboration Client Education in Rehabilitation with community partners as required Level 5 Professional Consultation Level 6 Therapy Critical Work • Drive transitional care initiatives across institutions and Professional, Legal and Ethical Functions and settings Clinical Governance Level 6 Level 6 Key Tasks / Healthcare Practice Performance Clinical Incident Management in Expectations Manage specialty • Lead development of clinical practice guidelines based Level 6 Programme Delivery Level 5 Rehabilitation Therapy areas of clinical on evidence services Clinical Record Documentation and • Update clinical protocols according to clinical practice Level 5 Project Management Level 6 guidelines Management in Rehabilitation Therapy • Drive evidence-based practices that align with emerging Clinical Services Development Level 6 Reflective Practice Level 6 trends and population health in speciality areas of clinical services Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Service Quality Management Level 6 Continuous Improvement • Formulate and implement clinical audit strategies Level 6 Strategy Development Level 6 Management • Review audit findings at overall setting/institution level Development on Intervention Plan for Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in Level 6 Level 5 • Oversee implementation of new clinical processes and Physiotherapy Physiotherapy systems • Drive work improvement teams and projects to improve Effective Client Communication Level 5 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 5 service quality Environmental Assessment and Level 6 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 6 • Provide clinical expertise and guidance for research Modification for Physiotherapy • Set clinical standards for the profession Goal Setting in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 6

Group Therapy Planning and Level 5 Workplace Violence Level 5 Manage clinical • Review clinical assessments, intervention planning and Implementation supervision outcomes with the therapy team Health Promotion Level 6 • Mentor principal therapists to facilitate professional development GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Develop staff to be competent in clinical specialty areas including advanced skills Communication Advanced Problem Solving Advanced

Leadership Advanced Developing People Advanced

Decision Making Advanced

85 86 Notes Speech Therapy

JOB ROLES* PAGE

Speech Therapist 90

Senior Speech Therapist 93

Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) 96

Senior Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) 99

*Please visit www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/hc for the Skills Map of job roles under the education, management and research sub-tracks 87 88 Speech Therapy Speech Therapist A WELL-RESEARCHED LEAP JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION When Nicole Neubronner was 18, she stood at a major juncture in life: choosing her university A Speech Therapist is responsible for assessing clients, planning therapy interventions for clients, implementing clients’ major. Given her penchant for helping others and therapy plans and educating clients and their caregivers. S/He is also involved in managing risk and service quality and her love for the English language and biology, she performs department administration and operations tasks. S/He participates in continuing education and research. was keen on speech therapy but, before taking S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as well the leap, she wanted to be sure. as in the community setting. S/He may work as part of collaborative and interdisciplinary teams.

Without resources like the Skills Framework to S/He should be collaborative and possess problem-solving skills. guide her at that time, Nicole decided to volunteer at a local hospital to immerse herself in the environment and observe speech therapists at work. Having thoroughly enjoyed the experience, CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE she knew that her future was in speech therapy. FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS

“It is important to enter any profession with your eyes wide open,” she says, adding that many Conduct client • Conduct functional assessments to determine required In accordance assessment and therapy interventions for basic cases with: people do not realise that speech therapists therapy planning work with clients of all ages and on a variety of • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, • Allied Health conditions including speech, language, fluency, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in Professions Act swallowing and voice disorders. collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders (Chapter 6B) • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to As a speech therapist now, a typical day for Nicole enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes involves assessing clients’ conditions, planning • Provide therapy recommendations based on evaluation therapy interventions, and working with clients of clients’ needs to achieve their therapy goals. Educating clients • Communicate the assessment results, therapy plans, and their caregivers is another important aspect goals and outcome measures to clients and other of the job, which is why she cites patience and relevant stakeholders empathy as necessary attributes.

Her advice for aspiring speech therapists is to Deliver • Provide interventions for routine cases interventions include the Skills Framework in their career Critical Work • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected research because it carries sector information Functions and therapy outcome measures at regular intervals that provides a good overview of the profession Key Tasks / • Modify therapy plans based on client performance Performance and its employment landscape, as well as job role and motivation as well as therapy outcome measures Expectations descriptions that outline the skills requirements, collected work context, and expected profile of a speech therapist. She believes that this knowledge, • Formulate discharge plans based on client performance in consultation with relevant stakeholders Ms Nicole Neubronner combined with on-the-ground experience, can Speech Therapist help aspiring speech therapists make more • Improve intervention by adoption of new techniques and Tan Tock Seng Hospital  informed career decisions. technologies • Communicate intervention plans, outcome measures, As for herself, Nicole uses the Skills Framework progress and discharge criteria to clients and relevant to ensure that she is developing the right skills for stakeholders the future. “In order to do my best for my patients, • Empower client and caregiver on methods to enhance As speech therapy is a relatively I need to keep upgrading myself. I am glad that health, mobility and functions through self-management I now have the Skills Framework to guide me in strategies young profession in Singapore, identifying my training needs. Furthermore, as • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to the Skills Framework provides a speech therapy is a relatively young profession clients’ needs in Singapore, the Skills Framework provides a much-needed common language, much-needed common language, ensuring that ensuring that current and aspiring current and aspiring speech therapists share a Perform clinical • Educate public and other healthcare professionals on common view of the road ahead.” administration and available clinical services speech therapists share a common operations • Monitor individual clinical and non-clinical key view of the road ahead. performance indicators

89 90 Speech Therapist Speech Therapist

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Analysis of Research Data Level 3 Management of Stakeholders Level 3

Manage risk and • Participate in quality improvement projects In accordance Audit Management Level 3 People Management Level 3 quality with: • Conduct clinical audits Change Management Level 3 Performance Management Level 3 • Allied Health • Report client incidents to supervisors Professions Act Client Advocacy Level 3 Professional Consultation Level 3 (Chapter 6B) • Identify risks of clients, environments, situations and Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Critical Work Client Assessment for Speech Therapy Level 3 Level 3 equipment before, during and after clients’ contact Practice Functions and • Recommend preventive and corrective measures for Key Tasks / Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 4 Performance incidents Expectations • Adhere to workplace health and safety standards Clinical Governance Level 4 Programme Design Level 4 Clinical Record Documentation and Level 3 Programme Evaluation Level 4 Management in Rehabilitation Therapy Participate • Provide clinical education for students and/or staff in continuing Clinical Services Development Level 3 Project Management Level 3 education and • Assess clinical competency of students and staff research activities • Participate in continuous professional development Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 3 Reflective Practice Level 3

• Conduct continuous professional development activities Continuous Improvement Management Level 3 Research Proposal Development Level 3

• Participate in research projects Data Collection and Management Level 3 Scientific Writing and Communication Level 3

Department Financial Management Level 3 Service Quality Management Level 3

Effective Client Communication Level 3 Strategy Development Level 3

Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 3 Strategy Execution Level 3

Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in Health Promotion Level 3 Level 3 Speech Therapy

Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 3 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 3

Infection Control Level 3 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 3

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 3 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 3

Intervention Planning in Speech Therapy Level 3 Workforce Planning Level 4

Inventory Management in Rehabilitation Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3 Therapy

Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 Workplace Violence Level 3

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Intermediate Interpersonal Skills Basic

Problem Solving Basic Teamwork Basic

Decision Making Basic

91 92 Senior Speech Therapist Senior Speech Therapist

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Senior Speech Therapist is responsible for assessing clients, planning therapy interventions for clients, implementing CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE clients’ therapy plans and educating clients and their caregivers. S/He is also involved in managing risk and quality and FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS performs department administration and operations tasks. S/He facilitates continuing education and participates in research. S/He also performs clinical supervisions of students and other Speech Therapists. Manage specialty • Develop clinical practice guidelines In accordance areas of clinical with: S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as well services • Monitor compliance to clinical protocols and Standard as in the community setting. S/He may work as part of collaborative and interdisciplinary teams. Operating Procedures (SOPs) • Allied Health Professions Act S/He should be a transdisciplinary thinker who also possesses team management and leadership skills. • Provide clinical expertise and consultation for research (Chapter 6B) and education • Participate in the development of new clinical services

CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Perform clinical • Educate public and other healthcare professionals on FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS administration and available clinical services operations • Monitor utilisation of equipment and resource materials Conduct client • Conduct functional assessments to determine required In accordance • Recommend procurement of equipment and resource assessment and therapy interventions for basic cases with: material therapy planning • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, • Allied Health • Monitor individual clinical and non-clinical key Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in Professions Act performance indicators collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders (Chapter 6B) • Coordinate roster of therapy teams to enhance • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to manpower usage enable the evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes • Manage potential complaints from stakeholders • Provide therapy recommendations based on an evaluation of clients’ needs • Manage feedback from stakeholders

• Communicate assessment results, therapy plans, goals Critical Work • Provide inputs for budgeting and outcome measures to clients and other relevant Functions and • Monitor performance and development of direct reports stakeholders Key Tasks / Performance • Conduct performance reviews Critical Work Expectations Functions and Deliver • Provide interventions for routine cases interventions Manage quality • Lead quality improvement projects Key Tasks / • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected and risk Performance therapy outcome measures at regular intervals • Conduct clinical audits Expectations • Modify therapy plans based on client’s performance • Conduct root cause analysis of incidents and motivation as well as therapy outcome measures collected • Identify risks of clients, environments, situations and equipment before, during and after clients’ contact • Formulate discharge plans based on client’s performance in consultation with relevant stakeholders • Recommend preventive and corrective measures for incidents • Improve intervention by adoption of new techniques and technologies • Implement measures to enhance workplace health and safety • Communicate intervention plans, outcome measures, progress and discharge criteria to clients and relevant stakeholders Participate • Provide clinical education for students and/or staff in continuing • Empower clients and caregivers with methods to education • Assess clinical competency of students and staff enhance health, mobility and functions through self- activities • Plan continuing education programmes for therapists management strategies and therapy assistants • Review continuity of care plans • Participate in continuous professional development • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to • Conduct continuous professional development activities clients’ needs • Plan clinical attachment programmes for departments

Participate in • Participate in research projects research activities • Collect data for research

93 94 Senior Speech Therapist Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) is responsible for managing specialty areas of clinical services and continuity of Analysis of Research Data Level 4 People Management Level 4 care of clients. S/He also provides clinical supervision and mentors staff under her/his care. S/He will be responsible for assessing and treating clients with swallowing and/or communication disorders, with a range of complexities. S/He Audit Management Level 4 Performance Management Level 4 will also lead inter-department initiatives, evaluate and implement programmes as well as plan and develop new clinical Change Management Level 4 Professional Consultation Level 4 services. S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as well as Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Client Advocacy Level 4 Level 4 Practice in the community setting. S/He may work as part of collaborative and interdisciplinary teams.

Client Assessment for Speech Therapy Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 4 S/He should be creative, assertive, collaborative, observant and systematic. S/He should also possess leadership skills.

Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 4 Programme Design Level 4

Clinical Governance Level 4 Programme Evaluation Level 4

Clinical Record Documentation and CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE Level 4 Project Management Level 4 Management in Rehabilitation Therapy FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS

Clinical Services Development Level 4 Reflective Practice Level 4 Conduct client • Conduct functional assessments for cases requiring In accordance Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 4 Research Proposal Development Level 4 assessment and in-depth understanding of area of specialty in complex with: therapy planning situations Continuous Improvement Management Level 4 Research Translation Level 4 • Allied Health • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, Professions Act Data Collection and Management Level 4 Scientific Writing and Communication Level 4 Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in (Chapter 6B) collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders, Department Financial Management Level 4 Service Quality Management Level 4 within a complex psychosocial environment Effective Client Communication Level 4 Strategy Development Level 4 • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to enable the evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes, Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 4 Strategy Execution Level 4 for complex cases Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in • Provide therapy recommendations, for complex cases, Health Promotion Level 4 Level 4 Speech Therapy based on an evaluation of client’s needs

Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 4 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 4 • Communicate assessment results, therapy plans, goals and outcome measures, of complex cases, to clients and Infection Control Level 4 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 4 other relevant stakeholders Critical Work Inter-professional Collaboration Level 4 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 4 • Provide consultation as a specialist or expert in complex Functions and cases Intervention Planning in Speech Therapy Level 4 Workforce Planning Level 4 Key Tasks / Performance • Assess gaps in clinical assessment practice and protocols Inventory Management in Rehabilitation Expectations Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3 • Implement new assessment techniques based on current Therapy evidence Learning Needs Analysis Level 4 Workplace Violence Level 4 • Collaborate with multi-disciplinary teams in creating new clinical pathways or protocols Management of Stakeholders Level 4

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) Deliver • Provide interventions for complex cases interventions • Implement new therapy interventions and techniques Communication Intermediate Interpersonal Skills Intermediate • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected Problem Solving Intermediate Teamwork Intermediate therapy outcome measures at regular intervals

Decision Making Intermediate • Modify treatments based on the clients’ needs and safety considerations • Contribute to discharge planning of clients as part of multi-disciplinary teams • Deliver innovative new interventions based on research findings in partnership with research department • Communicate information for the continuity of care and safety of clients with complex conditions

95 96 Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical)

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS Audit Management Level 5 Learning Needs Analysis Level 5

Manage continuity • Coordinate with relevant parties to support clients in In accordance Change Management Level 5 Management of Stakeholders Level 5 of care achieving treatment goals with: Client Advocacy Level 5 Professional Consultation Level 5 • Train clients and caregivers on methods and techniques • Allied Health Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare to manage continuity of care in complex or escalated Professions Act Client Assessment for Speech Therapy Level 5 Level 5 cases (Chapter 6B) Practice • Review client and caregiver educational materials Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 5 Programme Delivery Level 5

• Develop systems of communication which facilitate Clinical Governance Level 5 Programme Design Level 5 continuity of care beyond the clinical setting Clinical Record Documentation and Level 5 Programme Evaluation Level 5 • Review continuity of care plans Management in Rehabilitation Therapy • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to Critical Work Clinical Services Development Level 5 Project Management Level 5 Functions and clients’ needs Key Tasks / Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Reflective Practice Level 5 Performance Expectations Provide clinical • Provide clinical education in advanced techniques for Continuous Improvement Management Level 5 Research Translation Level 5 education complex cases Effective Client Communication Level 5 Strategy Development Level 5 • Assess clinical competencies of therapists and/or staff Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in • Define clinical competency standards for profession Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 5 Level 5 Speech Therapy

Health Promotion Level 5 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 5 Manage specialty • Lead development of clinical practice guidelines areas of clinical Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 5 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 5 services • Monitor compliance to clinical protocols and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Infection Control Level 5 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 5 • Provide clinical expertise and consultation for research Inter-professional Collaboration Level 5 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4 and education • Lead the development of new clinical services Intervention Planning in Speech Therapy Level 5 Workplace Violence Level 5

• Develop strategies to optimise the utilisation of new GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) clinical services

Communication Advanced Interpersonal Skills Advanced

Decision Making Intermediate Leadership Intermediate

Problem Solving Intermediate

97 98 Senior Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) Senior Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Senior Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) is responsible for managing specialty areas of clinical services and CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE continuity of care of clients. S/He also provides clinical supervision and mentors staff under her/his care. In her/ FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS his area of specialty, s/he develops guidelines, provides guidance and training to other speech therapists. S/He will be responsible for assessing and treating clients with swallowing and/or communication disorders, with a Deliver • Provide interventions for complex cases In accordance interventions with: range of complexities. S/He also provides clinical guidance for complex cases. S/He drives or develops clinical • Implement new therapy interventions and techniques practice guidelines in his/her specialty area. S/He sets and monitors clinical standards for speech therapists in the • Allied Health organisation. • Evaluate therapy progress and outcomes using selected Professions Act therapy outcome measures at regular intervals (Chapter 6B) S/He may work in various settings such as public and private institutions, integrated and long-term care facilities as well as in the community setting. S/He may work as part of collaborative and interdisciplinary teams. • Modify treatments based on the clients’ needs and safety considerations S/He should be visionary, dynamic, innovative, resourceful and systematic. S/He should possess leadership skills. • Contribute to discharge planning of clients as part of a multi-disciplinary team • Deliver innovative new interventions based on research findings in partnership with research department CRITICAL WORK KEY TASKS PERFORMANCE • Communicate information for continuity of care and FUNCTIONS EXPECTATIONS safety for clients with complex conditions

Conduct client • Conduct functional assessment for cases requiring In accordance assessment and in-depth understanding of area of specialty in complex with: Manage continuity • Coordinate with relevant parties to support clients in therapy planning situations of care achieving his/her treatment goals • Allied Health • Formulate client-centred and SMART (Specific, Professions Act • Train clients and caregivers on methods and techniques to Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals in (Chapter 6B) Critical Work manage continuity of care in complex or escalated cases collaboration with clients and relevant stakeholders, Functions and • Oversee the update of client and caregiver educational within a complex psychosocial environment Key Tasks / materials Performance • Select appropriate and specific outcome measures to Expectations • Develop systems of communication which facilitate Critical Work enable evaluation of therapy progress and outcomes, for continuity of care beyond the clinical setting Functions and complex cases • Develop continuity of care plans for relevant population Key Tasks / • Provide therapy recommendations, for complex cases, group Performance based on evaluation of clients’ needs Expectations • Prescribe assistive devices and equipment according to • Communicate assessment results, therapy plans, goals clients’ needs and outcome measures, of complex cases, to clients and other relevant stakeholders Provide clinical • Provide clinical education in advanced techniques for • Provide consultation as a specialist or expert in complex education complex cases cases • Assess clinical competency of therapists and/or staff • Assess gaps in clinical assessment practice and protocols • Define clinical competency standards for the profession • Implement new assessment techniques based on current evidence Manage specialty • Lead development of clinical practice guidelines • Collaborate with multi-disciplinary teams in creating areas of clinical • Monitor compliance to clinical protocols and Standard new clinical pathways or protocols for diagnostic groups services Operating Procedures (SOPs) • Provide clinical expertise and consultation for research and education • Lead the development of new clinical services • Develop strategies to optimise utilisation of new clinical services

99 100 Senior Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical) Operations

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Audit Management Level 5 Learning Needs Analysis Level 6

Change Management Level 6 Management of Stakeholders Level 6

Client Advocacy Level 6 Professional Consultation Level 6

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare JOB ROLES PAGE Client Assessment for Speech Therapy Level 6 Level 6 Practice Patient Service Associate 104 Client Education in Rehabilitation Therapy Level 5 Programme Delivery Level 5

Clinical Governance Level 6 Programme Design Level 5 Patient Service Senior Associate 106 Clinical Record Documentation and Level 5 Programme Evaluation Level 6 Management in Rehabilitation Therapy Patient Service Assistant Supervisor 108

Clinical Services Development Level 6 Project Management Level 6 Patient Service Supervisor 110 Clinical Teaching and Supervision Level 5 Reflective Practice Level 6 Patient Service Executive 112 Continuous Improvement Management Level 6 Research Translation Level 6

Effective Client Communication Level 5 Strategy Development Level 6

Therapeutic Equipment Prescription in Group Therapy Planning and Implementation Level 5 Level 5 Speech Therapy

Health Promotion Level 6 Therapy Discharge Planning Level 5

Individual and Cultural Diversity Level 5 Therapy Intervention Evaluation Level 6

Infection Control Level 5 Therapy Intervention Implementation Level 6

Inter-professional Collaboration Level 6 Workplace Safety and Health Level 4

Intervention Planning in Speech Therapy Level 6 Workplace Violence Level 5

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Advanced Leadership Intermediate

Problem Solving Advanced Interpersonal Skills Advanced

Decision Making Advanced

101 102 Operations Patient Service Associate A GOLDEN COMEBACK JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION Lee Sock Hwa was in her prime when she gave up her career to be a full-time homemaker. She A Patient Service Associate is responsible for providing frontline services in areas such as scheduling of appointments, dedicated the next 15 years of her life to raising payment collection, liaising with patients and caregivers, and providing financial counselling. S/He may provide support her children and caring for her family. At the to clinicians by preparing patients and consultation rooms. S/He is required to perform department operations such as age of 50, she made a comeback and joined the administration of clinic’s appointment resources and slots management. S/He assists in on-the-job training for new staff National University Hospital (NUH) as a Patient and participates in quality improvement projects and initiatives. Service Associate. That was more than 20 years S/He may work in various locations such as private and public hospitals, community and primary care settings. S/He may ago. assist to manage different counters including reception counters for patient registration, billing and payments as well as patient care. “At that time, I only knew how to use a typewriter, not a computer!” she reveals. In addition S/He should be organised and responsive. S/He should possess effective communication and interpersonal skills. to her lack of IT skills, Sock Hwa’s Chinese education background meant that she was less comfortable with the English language. Both posed a challenge that she overcame by learning CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS on the job. Today, she is able to communicate proficiently in English and uses IT systems to Provide frontline services • Liaise with patients and other stakeholders to provide perform daily administrative tasks. services to patients

Now in her 70s, Sock Hwa continues to man the • Schedule appointments for patients information counter at NUH. “My children tell • Perform patient registration and discharge me to quit and enjoy life, but I am enjoying life by • Perform payment collection procedures doing what I love,” she says. She adds that she has no plans to retire for as long as she remains • Provide financial counselling to patients fit to work. To her, this means having the physical • Manage patients’ feedback and enquiries stamina and relevant skillsets to do her job well. • Perform service recovery “The Skills Framework allows me to be aware • Promote use of automated or self-help services of the evolving healthcare landscape. It broadly • Identify situations where patients require additional defines the skills in demand in the industry, attention then specifically states the skills required and competency levels for every role. This provides a good benchmark to assess myself, and helps Provide clinical support • Prepare consultation rooms Critical Work me better understand the expectations that my • Provide patient and caregiver education where necessary colleagues and supervisor have of me,” she says. Functions and Key Tasks • Perform measurement of basic health parameters At her age, Sock Hwa admits that learning takes • Prepare patients for physical examination or minor Mdm Lee Sock Hwa more time and effort but she does not let that procedures to be performed by doctors Patient Service Senior Associate stop her. With her eagerness to acquire new • Provide post-consultation instructions where necessary National University Hospital skills to remain relevant, she is a fine example of • Perform basic clinical procedures a lifelong learner. In addition to service training courses, Sock Hwa reveals that she is keen • Assist doctors during the treatment and examination of on improving her IT knowledge and picking up patients the Malay language to better provide frontline • Prepare patients’ records and documentation pre- and post- The Skills Framework allows me to services. consultation and procedures

be aware of the evolving healthcare She is grateful for supportive colleagues who Perform department operations • Perform bed bookings landscape. It broadly defines the are willing to help her as she navigates each skills in demand in the industry, learning curve. In return, Sock Hwa generously • Assist in reporting or analysing of department’s or clinic’s shares her rich experience and well-honed statistics and data then specifically states the skills people skills with them as she believes that • Monitor inventories of non-clinical items required and competency levels everyone has something to learn, and everyone has something to teach. • Reconcile daily monetary transactions for every role. This provides a good • Conduct training for staff benchmark to assess myself. Perform risk and quality management • Participate in quality improvement initiatives and projects • Participate in the execution of designated emergency response tasks

103 104 Patient Service Associate Patient Service Senior Associate

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Patient Service Senior Associate is responsible for providing frontline services in areas such as scheduling of Billing Procedures Level 2 Frontline Services Management Level 1 appointments, payment collection, liaising with patients and caregivers and providing financial counselling. S/He provides support to clinicians by preparing patients and consultation rooms. S/He is required to perform department operations Change Management Level 1 Infection Control Level 2 such as administration of clinic’s appointment resources and slots management. S/He assists in on-the-job training for junior staff and participates in quality improvement projects and initiatives. Clinical Support for Patient Service Level 2 Management of Stakeholders Level 1 Associates S/He may work in various locations such as private and public hospitals, community and primary care settings. S/He may assist to manage different counters including reception counters for patient registration, billing and payments as well as Continuous Improvement Management Level 2 Patient Education and Engagement Level 2 patient care Professional, Legal and Ethical Data and Statistical Analytics Level 1 Level 2 Healthcare Practice S/He should be organised and responsive. S/He should possess interpersonal, communication and supervisory skills.

Emergency Response and Level 2 Programme Delivery Level 2 Crisis Management

Excellence in Service Level 1 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) Provide frontline services • Liaise with patients and other stakeholders to provide services to patients Service Orientation Basic Teamwork Basic • Schedule appointments for patients Communication Basic Problem Solving Basic • Perform patient registration and discharge Interpersonal Skills Basic • Perform payment collection procedures • Provide financial counselling to patients • Manage patients’ feedback and enquiries • Perform service recovery • Promote use of automated or self-help services Critical Work Functions and • Identify situations where patients require additional attention Key Tasks

Provide clinical support • Prepare consultation rooms • Provide patient and caregiver education when necessary • Perform measurement of basic health parameters • Prepare patients for physical examination or minor procedures to be performed by doctors • Provide post-consultation instructions where necessary • Perform basic clinical procedures • Assist doctors during the treatment and examination of patients • Prepare patients’ records and documentation pre- and post- consultation and procedures

105 106 Patient Service Senior Associate Patient Service Assistant Supervisor

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Patient Service Assistant Supervisor is responsible for supporting the frontline services provided. S/He assists supervisors in the management of department operations and the team involved in providing frontline services. S/He is Perform department operations • Perform bed bookings required to assist in managing complaints. S/He assist supervisors in the performance of risk and quality management. • Administer clinic’s appointment resources and slots management S/He may work in various locations such as private and public hospitals, community and primary care settings. S/He may assist to manage different counters including reception for patient registration, billing and payment as well as patient • Assist frontline in managing second tier escalation in patient care. management S/He should be proactive and meticulous. S/He should possess interpersonal, leadership and problem-solving skills. • Conduct audits that are relevant to patient service Critical Work associates’ scope of work Functions and • Assist in reporting or analysing of department’s or clinic’s Key Tasks statistics and data • Monitor inventories of non-clinical items CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS • Reconcile daily monetary transactions Provide frontline services • Liaise with patients and other stakeholders to provide • Conduct training for staff services to patients • Perform payment collection procedures Perform risk and quality management • Lead quality improvement projects and initiatives • Provide financial counselling to patients • Participate in the execution of designated emergency • Manage patients’ feedback and enquiries response tasks • Perform service recovery • Promote use of automated or self-help services

Provide clinical support • Prepare consultation rooms TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Provide patient and caregiver education when necessary Audit Management Level 2 Frontline Services Management Level 2 • Perform measurement of basic health parameters

Billing Procedures Level 3 Infection Control Level 2 • Prepare patients for physical examination or minor procedures to be performed by doctors Change Management Level 1 Management of Stakeholders Level 1 • Provide post-consultation instructions where necessary Clinical Support for Patient Level 2, Critical Work Patient Education and Engagement Level 3 • Perform basic clinical procedures Service Associates Level 3 Functions and Key Tasks • Assist doctors during the treatment and examination of Continuous Improvement Management Level 2 People Management Level 2 patients Professional, Legal and Ethical • Prepare patients’ records and documentation pre- and post- Data and Statistical Analytics Level 1 Level 2 Healthcare Practice consultation and procedures

Emergency Response and Level 2 Programme Delivery Level 3 Crisis Management Perform department operations • Oversee the operations of service counters Excellence in Service Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 • Manage the deployment of staff • Administer clinic’s appointment resources and slots GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) management • Assist frontline in managing second-tier escalation in patient Service Orientation Intermediate Teamwork Intermediate management Communication Basic Problem Solving Basic • Report second-tier escalation in patient management to supervisors when necessary Interpersonal Skills Basic • Conduct audits that are relevant to patient service associates’ scope of work • Assist in reporting or analysing department’s or clinic’s statistics and data • Reconcile daily monetary transactions

107 108 Patient Service Assistant Supervisor Patient Service Supervisor

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Patient Service Supervisor is responsible for managing frontline services provided by the staff. S/He is responsible for assisting managers to oversee department operations and the team. S/He assists managers to oversee the risk and Perform risk and quality management • Lead quality improvement projects and initiatives quality management of the department and management of the team. • Supervise downtime procedures S/He may work in various locations such as private and public hospitals, community and primary care settings. S/He • Participate in the execution of designated emergency may supervise and manage different counters including reception for patient registration, billing and payment as well as response tasks patient care. S/He should be proactive and meticulous. S/He should possess interpersonal, leadership and problem-solving skills Manage team • Evaluate patient service associates’ training needs Critical Work Functions and • Conduct training for staff Key Tasks • Assist in developing on-the-job training and/or in-service curriculum, required documentation and training manuals CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS • Assist in staff dispute management Provide frontline services • Liaise with patients and other stakeholders to provide • Perform daily roll calls services to patients • Conduct competency assessment of trainees and staff audits • Perform payment collection procedures • Supervise junior staff’s professional development • Manage patients’ feedback and enquiries • Supervise the frontline staff in meeting the clinic’s daily key • Perform service recovery performance indicators

Perform department operations • Oversee the operations of service counters • Manage the deployment of staff

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Administer clinic’s appointment resources and slots management

Audit Management Level 2 Frontline Services Management Level 3 • Assist frontline in managing second-tier escalation in patient Critical Work management Billing Procedures Level 4 Infection Control Level 2 Functions and • Report second-tier escalation in patient management to Business Continuity Planning Level 3 Management of Stakeholders Level 1 Key Tasks managers when necessary

Change Management Level 2 Patient Education and Engagement Level 4 • Conduct audits that are relevant to patient service associates’ scope of work Clinical Support for Patient Service Level 3, People Management Level 3 • Assist in reporting or analysing department’s or clinic’s Associates Level 4 statistics and data Professional, Legal and Ethical Conflict Management Level 2 Level 2 Healthcare Practice Perform risk and quality management • Lead quality improvement projects and initiatives Continuous Improvement Management Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 4 • Implement service quality policies and procedures Data and Statistical Analytics Level 2 Staff Training Facilitation Level 4 • Monitor compliance of work policies, procedures and internal controls Emergency Response and Crisis Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Management • Supervise downtime procedures • Assist in evaluating department risks Excellence in Service Level 3 • Oversee the execution of designated emergency response GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) tasks

Problem Solving Intermediate Teamwork Intermediate

Service Orientation Advanced Developing People Basic

Leadership Basic

109 110 Patient Service Supervisor Patient Service Executive

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Patient Service Executive is responsible for overseeing frontline services and department operations. S/He leads the risk and quality management of the department within her/his scope of work and leads the management of the team. Manage team • Evaluate patient service associates’ training needs S/He may work in various locations such as private and public hospitals, community and primary care settings. S/He • Plan programmes for new and existing patient service may supervise and manage different counters including reception for patient registration, billing and payment as well as associates patient care. • Conduct training for staff S/He should be independent and meticulous. S/He should possess interpersonal, leadership and problem-solving skills. • Assist in developing on-the-job training and/or in-service Critical Work curriculum, required documentation and training manuals Functions and Key Tasks • Assist in staff dispute management • Perform daily roll calls CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS • Conduct competency assessment of trainees and staff audits Provide frontline services • Liaise with patients and other stakeholders to provide • Conduct appraisal of staff services to patients • Supervise junior staff’s professional development • Oversee payment collection procedures • Supervise the frontline staff in meeting clinic’s daily key • Manage patients’ feedback and enquiries performance indicators • Perform service recovery

Perform department operations • Oversee the operations of service counters • Manage the deployment of staff TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Administer clinic’s appointment resources and slots Critical Work management Audit Management Level 2 Frontline Services Management Level 3 Functions and Key Tasks • Conduct audits that are relevant to patient service Billing Procedures Level 5 Infection Control Level 2 associates’ scope of work Business Continuity Planning Level 3 Management of Stakeholders Level 1 • Assist in reporting or analysing department’s or clinic’s statistics and data Change Management Level 2 People Management Level 3

Perform risk and quality management • Lead quality improvement projects and initiatives Professional, Legal and Ethical Conflict Management Level 2 Level 2 Healthcare Practice • Implement service quality policies and procedures

Continuous Improvement Management Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 4 • Develop work policies, procedures and internal controls

Data and Statistical Analytics Level 2 Staff Training Facilitation Level 4 • Supervise downtime procedures • Evaluate department risks Emergency Response and Crisis Level 2 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Management • Oversee the execution of designated emergency response tasks Excellence in Service Level 4

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Leadership Intermediate Creative Thinking Intermediate

Resource Management Intermediate Digital Literacy Intermediate

Decision Making Intermediate

111 112 Patient Service Executive Pharmacy Support

CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS

Manage team • Evaluate patient service associates’ training needs • Plan programmes for new and existing patient service associates • Conduct training for staff JOB ROLES PAGE Critical Work • Assist in developing on-the-job training and/or in-service Functions and curriculum, required documentation and training manuals Pharmacy Technician 116 Key Tasks • Assist in staff dispute management Senior Pharmacy Technician 118 • Conduct competency assessments of trainees and staff audits Pharmacy Technician Executive (Patient Care Service) 120 • Conduct appraisal of staff • Supervise junior staff’s professional development Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive (Patient Care Service) 122 • Supervise the frontline staff in meeting the clinic’s daily key performance indicators Pharmacy Technician Executive (Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain) 124

Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive (Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain) 126

Pharmacy Technician Executive (Drug Compounding and Quality Management) 128 TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive (Drug Compounding and Quality Management) 130 Audit Management Level 3 Frontline Services Management Level 4

Billing Procedures Level 5 Infection Control Level 2

Business Continuity Planning Level 3 Management of Stakeholders Level 2

Level 4, Change Management Level 3 People Management Level 5

Professional, Legal and Ethical Conflict Management Level 3 Level 2 Healthcare Practice

Continuous Improvement Management Level 4 Programme Delivery Level 5

Data and Statistical Analytics Level 3 Staff Training Facilitation Level 5

Emergency Response and Crisis Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 Management

Excellence in Service Level 5

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Decision Making Intermediate Leadership Intermediate

Resource Management Advanced Digital Literacy Advanced

Sense Making Basic

113 114 Pharmacy Support Pharmacy Technician

MAKING THE SWITCH JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION

As a young woman, a career in healthcare A Pharmacy Technician is responsible for the processing and dispensing of prescriptions. S/He is required to perform was never on the cards for Michelle Pak. Even drug supply and distribution and may be required to assist with drug compounding. S/He supports staff management and though she enjoyed biology and life sciences in development. S/He participates in quality assurance and improvement projects and activities. school, life led her to a job in another industry. S/He works in varied settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. She worked diligently but the lack of interest in her job caused her to grow weary. Then, when S/He is required to be professional, ethical and meticulous. S/He should possess communication skills. she was in her late 30s, Michelle chanced upon a job advertisement for a Pharmacy Assistant. The entry-level position caught her eye as it did not require any prior experience or related CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS educational qualifications. With her interest in biology and life sciences rekindled, Michelle took Dispense medication • Process prescriptions or medication orders the chance to make a mid-career switch. • Dispense medication “The change was challenging but worth it. • Provide patient counselling and education There is greater meaning in my work now,” says • Assist pharmacists in the sale of pharmacy-only medications Michelle. • Perform physical medication reconciliation With a conducive work environment and a team of • Report dispensing errors and near misses to pharmacists supportive colleagues and supervisors, Michelle was able to settle into her new role as a Pharmacy Assistant quickly. She attended relevant training Perform drug supply and distribution • Perform repackaging of drugs and bar-coding of products classes and did plenty of reading on her own. • Perform cycle counts and stock take After two years, she earned the opportunity to • Assist pharmacists in product recalls take a one-year, part-time certification course to become a Pharmacy Technician. • Assist in inventory management of pharmaceutical and non- pharmaceutical products Having worked her way from the ground up, • Distribute drugs to relevant departments Michelle is keen to continue developing herself as • Maintain proper functioning of pharmacy equipment and a healthcare professional and aspires to take on a Critical Work Functions and automation system processes supervisory role one day. Key Tasks • Ensure proper storage and handling of drug stock “As someone who joined healthcare without any industry background or experience, I rely on Perform drug compounding • Process sterile and non-sterile product orders the Skills Framework to navigate my career by identifying the skills needed for career progression. • Prepare sterile and non-sterile products under pharmacists’ Ms Michelle Pak I find it very useful that the framework provides supervision Pharmacy Technician detailed skill descriptions and links these to • Check all prepared products to ensure that products National Heart Centre available training programmes in the market,” she compounded adhere to quality control and labelling says. requirements • Manage the inventories required for compounding Michelle adds that, through the framework, she • Maintain records related to compounding activities has identified skills like Pharmacy Information As someone who joined healthcare Technology Management and Automated • Maintain the proper functioning of facilities without any industry background Distribution Management as essential to her • Highlight equipment failures and unusual activities to career progression. She looks forward to pharmacists/supervisors or experience, I rely on the Skills deepening her skills in these areas and eventually Framework to navigate my career by achieving her aspirational career goals. Support staff management and • Participate in continuing education activities development identifying the skills needed for career It is said that life does not get better by chance, • Participate in orientation and training activities for staff in progression. I find it very useful that but by change. In Michelle’s case, she saw the the department the framework provides detailed skill chance and chose to make the change. For her courage, she has been rewarded with a deeply descriptions and links these to available fulfilling career. training programmes in the market.

115 116 Pharmacy Technician Senior Pharmacy Technician

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Senior Pharmacy Technician is responsible for the processing and dispensing of medication. S/He is required to supervise the drug supply and distribution and compounding processes. S/He supports staff management and Perform quality assurance and • Participate in quality improvement projects and activities development. S/He participates in quality assurance and improvement projects and activities. S/He supports the improvements • Assist in the implementation of quality assurance and quality management of pharmacy operations. improvement projects and activities Critical Work S/He works in varied settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. Functions and • Suggest improvements to workflows and processes S/He is required to be professional, ethical and meticulous. S/He should possess communication and leadership skills. Key Tasks • Comply to medication safety procedures

Support pharmacy operations • Perform billing procedures CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS • Suggest improvements to workflows and procedures in areas of pharmacy operations Dispense medication • Process prescriptions or medication orders • Dispense medication • Provide patient counselling and education • Assist pharmacists in the sale of pharmacy-only medications TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Perform medication reconciliation

Medication Reconciliation in Pharmacy Level 1, • Assist pharmacists in provision of basic clinical services in Ambulatory Care Service Support Level 2 Support Level 2 pharmacist-led clinics • Report dispensing errors and near misses to pharmacists Audit Management Level 2 Medication Safety Level 1

Automated Distribution Management Level 2 Non-sterile Compounding Level 2 Perform drug supply and • Supervise repackaging of drugs and bar-coding of products Billing Procedures Level 1 Patient Education on Use of Prescribed Drugs Level 1 distribution • Manage cycle counts and stock take Change Management Level 1 People Management Level 2 • Participate in procurement activities Level 2, • Assist pharmacists in product recalls Continuous Improvement Management Performance Management Level 2 Level 3 • Manage inventories of pharmaceutical and non- Document Management for Pharmacy pharmaceutical products Level 2 Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 1 Support • Distribute drugs to relevant departments Drug Distribution and Inventory Management Level 1 Pharmacy-only (P) Medication Sales Level 3 Critical Work • Provide oversight of pharmacy equipment and automation Functions and system processes Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Excellence in Service Level 1 Level 3 Key Tasks Practice • Ensure proper storage and handling of drug stock

Infection Control Level 2 Programme Delivery Level 3 Perform drug compounding • Process sterile and non-sterile product orders Sterile Manufacturing of Pharmaceutical Management of Stakeholders Level 1 Level 2 Products • Prepare sterile and non-sterile products under pharmacists’ supervision Level 1, Medication Dispensing Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 • Check all prepared products to ensure that products compounded Level 2 adhere to quality control and labelling requirements

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Manage the inventories required for compounding • Maintain records related to compounding activities Communication Basic Interpersonal Skills Basic • Maintain proper functioning of facilities Teamwork Basic Problem Solving Basic • Procure inventories required for compounding

Service Orientation Basic • Highlight equipment failures and unusual activities to pharmacists/supervisors

Support staff management and • Participate in continuing education activities development • Coordinate orientation and training activities for staff in the department • Provide coaching and on-the-job training • Assist in development of training materials

117 118 Senior Pharmacy Technician Pharmacy Technician Executive (Patient Care Service)

CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Pharmacy Technician Executive in the Patient Care Services sub-track is responsible for co-managing dispensary Perform quality assurance and • Participate in quality improvement projects and activities services, performing medication management and patient education and managing day-to-day operations of improvements department-based functions to maximise service provision. S/He is required to plan and conduct training for staff. • Assist in the implementation of quality assurance and quality improvement projects and activities S/He works in various settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. • Suggest improvements to workflows and processes S/He should be proactive and conscientious. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, leadership and problem- • Comply to medication safety procedures solving skills. Critical Work Functions and • Perform regular quality assurance audits Key Tasks • Manage customer feedback and complaints CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Support pharmacy operations • Perform billing procedures • Assist pharmacists to plan and coordinate manpower Manage dispensary services • Process prescriptions or medication orders schedules • Oversee processing of prescriptions or medication orders • Suggest improvements to workflows and procedures in • Dispense medication areas of pharmacy operations • Resolve prescription issues • Supervise dispensing workflows • Supervise issuance of stocks to relevant departments • Investigate dispensing errors TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Ambulatory Care Service Support Level 3 Medication Reconciliation in Pharmacy Support Level 3 Perform medication management and • Perform medication reconciliation patient education Level 1, • Assist pharmacists in provision of basic clinical services in Audit Management Level 3 Medication Safety Level 2 pharmacist-led clinics • Provide specialised patient counselling and education Automated Distribution Management Level 3 Non-sterile Compounding Level 2 • Assist pharmacists in the sale of pharmacy-only medications Billing Procedures Level 2 Patient Education on Use of Prescribed Drugs Level 2

Change Management Level 2 People Management Level 2 Manage training and education • Develop training plans for pharmacy technicians and support staff Continuous Improvement Management Level 3 Performance Management Level 2 Critical Work Functions and • Develop training curriculum and training materials for Document Management for Pharmacy Level 2 Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 2 Key Tasks pharmacy technicians and support staff Support • Conduct training for staff Drug Distribution and Inventory Management Level 2 Pharmacy-only (P) Medication Sales Level 3 • Mentor trainees and attachment students Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Excellence in Service Level 2 Level 3 Practice • Assist pharmacists in developing assessment questions and criteria Infection Control Level 2 Programme Delivery Level 3 • Conduct competency assessments of staff Inventory Procurement for Pharmacy Level 2 Staff Training Management Level 3 Support Manage pharmacy operations • Plan manpower schedules and duty rosters Sterile Manufacturing of Pharmaceutical Management of Stakeholders Level 2 Level 2 • Implement corrective actions in relation to customer Products feedback and complaints in consultation with pharmacists Medication Dispensing Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 1 • Monitor patient queues and pharmacy waiting time • Review pharmacy services and processes GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Conduct internal audits and on-site inspection Communication Intermediate Decision Making Intermediate • Manage pharmacy documents according to legal requirements Teamwork Intermediate Service Orientation Intermediate • Oversee billing procedures Interpersonal Skills Intermediate • Manage pharmacy equipment • Perform staff appraisals

119 120 Pharmacy Technician Executive (Patient Care Service) Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive (Patient Care Service) TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Ambulatory Care Service Support Level 4 Medication Reconciliation in Pharmacy Support Level 3 JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION

Level 3, Level 3, A Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive in the Patient Care Services sub-track is responsible for co-managing Audit Management Medication Safety Level 4 Level 4 dispensing errors, performing medication management and providing patient education. S/He reviews day-to-day operations of department-based functions to maximise service provision. S/He is required to develop and review Billing Procedures Level 3 Patient Education on Use of Prescribed Drugs Level 3 training curriculum, plans and materials. Change Management Level 3 People Management Level 3 S/He works in various settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. Level 4, Continuous Improvement Management Performance Management Level 3 S/He should be proactive and conscientious. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, leadership and problem- Level 5 solving skills. Document Management for Pharmacy Level 3 Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 3 Support

Excellence in Service Level 3 Pharmacy-only (P) Medication Sales Level 3 CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Infection Control Level 2 Level 4 Practice Manage dispensary services • Process prescriptions or medication orders Learning and Development Level 3 Programme Delivery Level 4 • Oversee processing of prescriptions or medication orders Level 3, Management of Stakeholders Level 3 Staff Training Management • Dispense medication Level 4 • Resolve prescription issues Medication Dispensing Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2 • Supervise dispensing workflows GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Supervise issuance of stocks to relevant departments • Investigate dispensing errors Communication Advanced Problem Solving Intermediate • Plan corrective and preventive actions for matters related to Interpersonal Skills Advanced Teamwork Advanced dispensing errors and near misses

Service Orientation Advanced Perform medication management and • Perform medication reconciliation patient education • Assist pharmacists in provision of basic clinical services in Critical Work pharmacist-led clinics Functions and Key Tasks • Provide specialised patient counselling and education • Assist pharmacists in the sale of pharmacy-only medications

Manage training and education • Develop training plans for pharmacy technicians and support staff • Review training plans developed • Develop training curriculum and training material for pharmacy technicians and support staff • Conduct training for staff • Mentor junior staff • Assist pharmacists in developing assessment questions and criteria • Assist pharmacists in identifying assessment tools • Conduct competency assessments of staff

121 122 Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive Pharmacy Technician Executive (Patient Care Service) (Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Pharmacy Technician Executive in the Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain sub-track is responsible for managing procurement, automated distribution processes and clinical drug trial supply. S/He is required to perform store Manage pharmacy operations • Plan manpower schedules and duty rosters management and distribution and assist with the management of pharmacy information technology (IT)-related • Implement corrective actions in relation to customer matters. S/He is required to manage the department’s inventories. feedback and complaints in consultation with pharmacists S/He works in various settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. • Monitor patient queues and pharmacy waiting time S/He should be proactive and conscientious. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, leadership and problem- • Review pharmacy services and processes Critical Work solving skills. Functions and • Conduct internal audits and on-site inspection Key Tasks • Manage pharmacy documents according to legal requirements • Oversee billing procedures CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS • Manage pharmacy equipment Manage procurement • Manage drug inventory systems • Perform staff appraisals • Coordinate procurement • Collaborate with other departments in the set-up or delivery of pharmacy services • Recommend purchases and contracts for approval • Assess vendor performance

Manage automated distribution • Oversee repackaging processes for automated distribution TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Oversee the processes of automation systems • Execute process improvements or enhancements to Level 3, Ambulatory Care Service Support Level 4 Medication Safety automated repackaging processes Level 4 Critical Work • Manage pharmacy automation systems and software Level 4, Functions and Audit Management Patient Education on Use of Prescribed Drugs Level 4 • Monitor product quality of outsourced repackaging vendors Level 5 Key Tasks

Billing Procedures Level 3 People Management Level 4 Manage clinical drug trial supply • Maintain information and records related to clinical trials Change Management Level 3 Performance Management Level 4 required by study protocols

Continuous Improvement Management Level 5 Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 3 • Perform clinical investigational drugs (CID) distribution activities in accordance to set protocols and procedures Document Management for Pharmacy Level 4 Pharmacy-only (P) Medication Sales Level 3 Support Perform store management and • Oversee drug distribution activities Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Excellence in Service Level 4 Level 4 distribution Practice • Assist pharmacists in maintaining the drug master lists • Assist pharmacists in reviewing drug distribution lists and Infection Control Level 2 Programme Delivery Level 4 par levels Level 3, Learning and Development Staff Training Management Level 4 • Implement appropriate measures to meet store key Level 4 performance indicators Management of Stakeholders Level 4 Workforce Planning Level 4

Medication Dispensing Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3

Medication Reconciliation in Pharmacy Support Level 3

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Communication Advanced Service Orientation Advanced

Interpersonal Skills Advanced Problem Solving Advanced

Decision Making Advanced

123 124 Pharmacy Technician Executive Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive (Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain) (Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain)

CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION A Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive in the Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain sub-track is responsible for managing Manage pharmacy information • Assist pharmacists with troubleshooting of hardware and procurement, overseeing the automated distribution processes and clinical drug trial supply. S/He is required to perform technology software systems store management and distribution and manage pharmacy information technology (IT)-related matters. S/He oversees the management of the department’s inventories. • Maintain master lists within information technology systems • Report security anomalies of information technology systems S/He works in various settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. • Generate reports required for project or drug analyses S/He should be independent and forward thinking. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, leadership and problem- solving skills. • Conduct interface checks between systems • Assist pharmacists to manage department information technology workflows Critical Work • Conduct user acceptance testing for new automation projects CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Functions and or enhancements Key Tasks Manage procurement • Manage drug inventory systems Manage inventory • Execute drug recalls • Negotiate drug purchase prices • Monitor dispensary stock movements • Coordinate procurement • Project dispensary stock quantities required to avoid out-of- • Recommend purchases and contracts for approval stock situations • Assess vendor performance • Supervise cycle counts and annual stock take

• Execute post-stock-take procedures Manage automated distribution • Oversee repackaging processes for automated distribution • Oversee storage conditions, expiry checks, audits and • Review standard operating procedures and internal controls reporting of defects in drug products within institutions for the automated repackaging processes • Reconcile inventory or drug discrepancies • Oversee the processes of automation systems • Execute process improvements or enhancements to automated repackaging processes • Manage pharmacy automation systems and software TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES • Monitor key performance indicators for monitoring automation systems and software Level 3, Critical Work • Monitor product quality of outsourced repackaging vendors Audit Management Management of Stakeholders Level 3 Level 4 Functions and Key Tasks Level 3, Automated Distribution Management Level 4 Medication Safety Manage clinical drug trial supply • Manage the clinical investigational drugs (CID) inventories Level 4 and facilities

Change Management Level 3 Performance Management Level 3 • Maintain information and records related to clinical trials required by study protocols Pharmacy Information Technology Clinical Investigational Drug Management Level 3 Level 3 Management • Coordinate internal audit processes of clinical investigational drugs (CID) Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Data Analytics Level 2 Level 4 • Perform clinical investigational drugs (CID) distribution Practice activities in accordance to set protocols and procedures Drug Distribution and Inventory Management Level 3 Vendor Management Level 3

Inventory Procurement for Pharmacy Support Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2 Perform store management and • Oversee drug distribution activities distribution • Assist pharmacists in maintaining the drug master lists GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Assist pharmacists in reviewing drug distribution lists and par levels Computational Thinking Basic Creative Thinking Intermediate • Review store or warehouse key performance indicators Digital Literacy Intermediate Decision Making Intermediate

Problem Solving Intermediate Manage pharmacy information • Assist pharmacists with troubleshooting of hardware and technology software systems • Maintain master lists within information technology systems

125 126 Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive Pharmacy Technician Executive (Drug Compounding (Pharmacy IT and Supply Chain) and Quality Management)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS A Pharmacy Technician Executive in the Drug Compounding and Quality Management sub-track is responsible for assisting the pharmacists in performing sterile and non-sterile manufacturing based on product orders and managing Manage pharmacy information • Report security anomalies of information technology systems quality assurance, improvement projects and initiatives of the department. S/He is required to maintain medication technology • Generate reports required for project or drug analyses safety practices of the department. • Perform data analyses S/He works in various settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. • Review inputs for new system enhancements and equipment S/He should be proactive and conscientious. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, leadership and problem- • Conduct interface checks between systems solving skills. • Assist pharmacists to manage department information technology workflows • Conduct user acceptance testing for new automation projects or enhancements CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Critical Work Functions and Key Tasks Perform sterile and non-sterile • Process sterile and non-sterile product orders Manage inventory • Execute drug recalls manufacturing • Prepare sterile and non-sterile products • Monitor dispensary stock movements • Project dispensary stock quantities required to avoid out-of- • Check all prepared products to ensure that products stock situations compounded adhere to quality control and labelling requirements • Supervise cycle counts and annual stock-take • Manage laboratory inventories • Execute post stock-take procedures • Maintain records related to compounding and laboratory • Oversee storage conditions, expiry checks, audits and activities reporting of defects in drug products within institutions • Maintain compounding manufacturing facilities • Reconcile inventory or drug discrepancies • Highlight equipment failures and unusual activities to • Assist pharmacists in-charge to communicate to pharmacists/supervisors stakeholders during critical stock situations

Manage quality assurance and • Perform regular internal audits of operations improvements • Implement post-audit corrective and preventive actions as Critical Work well as quality initiatives and improvements Functions and TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES Key Tasks • Participate in quality improvement projects such as automation and research Level 4, Level 3, Audit Management Medication Safety Level 5 Level 4 • Optimise work processes and resources

Automated Distribution Management Level 4 Performance Management Level 4 Manage medication safety • Promote a medication safety culture Change Management Level 3 Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 3 • Assist pharmacists in the identification of gaps leading to Pharmacy Information Technology Level 3, medication safety problems Clinical Investigational Drug Management Level 4 Management Level 4 • Develop strategies, tools and methods to report and improve Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare medication and patient safety Data Analytics Level 2 Level 4 Practice • Review strategies, tools and methods to report and improve medication and patient safety Drug Distribution and Inventory Management Level 4 Vendor Management Level 4 • Collate data pertaining to safe medication-use practices Inventory Procurement for Pharmacy Support Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3 • Perform analyses on collated data Management of Stakeholders Level 4 • Assist in the implementation of medication safety initiatives

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Communicate safe medication practices to team • Perform audits pertaining to medication and patient safety Computational Thinking Intermediate Communication Advanced

Problem Solving Intermediate Decision Making Advanced

Digital Literacy Advanced

127 128 Pharmacy Technician Executive (Drug Compounding Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive and Quality Management) (Drug Compounding and Quality Management)

JOB ROLE DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES A Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive in the Drug Compounding and Quality Management sub-track is responsible for Level 3, Level 3, assisting the pharmacists in performing sterile and non-sterile manufacturing based on product orders and overseeing Audit Management Medication Safety Level 4 Level 4 the management of quality assurance, improvement projects and initiatives. S/He is required to review the medication safety practices of the department. Change Management Level 3 Non-Sterile Compounding Level 3 S/He works in various settings such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, polyclinics and retail pharmacies. Level 4, Continuous Improvement Management Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 3 Level 5 S/He should be independent and forward thinking. S/He should possess effective interpersonal, leadership and problem- solving skills. Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Data Analytics Level 2 Level 4 Practice

Sterile Manufacturing of Pharmaceutical Infection Control Level 2 Level 3 Products CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS Management of Stakeholders Level 3 Workplace Safety and Health Level 2 Perform sterile and non-sterile • Process sterile and non-sterile product orders manufacturing GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5) • Prepare sterile and non-sterile products • Check all prepared products to ensure that products Problem Solving Intermediate Leadership Intermediate compounded adhere to quality control and labelling Communication Advanced Interpersonal Skills Advanced requirements • Manage laboratory inventories Teamwork Advanced • Maintain records related to compounding and laboratory activities • Supervise compounding processes • Maintain compounding manufacturing facilities Critical Work Functions and • Coordinate certification of laboratory equipment Key Tasks • Manage manpower resources related to compounding • Highlight equipment failures and unusual activities to pharmacists/supervisors

Manage quality assurance and • Perform regular internal audits of operations improvements • Implement post-audit corrective and preventive actions as well as quality initiatives and improvements • Participate in quality improvement projects such as automation and research • Lead in quality improvement projects such as automation and research • Optimise work processes and resources

129 130 Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive Notes (Drug Compounding and Quality Management)

CRITICAL WORK FUNCTIONS KEY TASKS

Manage medication safety • Promote a medication safety culture • Assist pharmacists in the identification of gaps leading to medication safety problems • Develop strategies, tools and methods to report and improve medication and patient safety • Review strategies, tools and methods to report and improve Critical Work medication and patient safety Functions and Key Tasks • Monitor key performance indicators relating to medication and patient safety • Analyse incident reports • Collate data pertaining to safe medication-use practices • Perform analyses on collated data • Assist in the implementation of medication safety initiatives • Communicate safe medication practices to team • Perform audits pertaining to medication and patient safety

TECHNICAL SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES

Level 4, Audit Management Non-Sterile Compounding Level 3 Level 5

Change Management Level 3 People Management Level 4

Continuous Improvement Management Level 5 Pharmaceutical Equipment Maintenance Level 3

Professional, Legal and Ethical Healthcare Data Analytics Level 2 Level 4 Practice

Sterile Manufacturing of Pharmaceutical Infection Control Level 2 Level 3 Products

Management of Stakeholders Level 4 Workplace Safety and Health Level 3

Level 3, Medication Safety Level 4

GENERIC SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES (TOP 5)

Problem Solving Advanced Communication Advanced

Resource Management Advanced Leadership Intermediate

Interpersonal Skills Advanced

131 132 Medical Social Work Psychology

A LIFE-CHANGING DISCOVERY BREAKING THE STIGMA

As a people person, Alvin always knew he wanted a “I am not a mind reader,” says Dr Karen Pooh with career that involves helping others but it took him a a laugh. “People think psychologists can read few years to find his calling in medical social work. their minds but we actually rely on communication and engagement skills to encourage patients to Like many people, he was once under the impression open up to us.” that medical social workers simply provided information on the availability of financial aids to Dr Pooh may not be able to read minds, but she those in need. When he discovered that this was spends her days caring and treating patients, many not the case, and learnt that medical social workers of whom suffer from mood and anxiety disorders. adopt a holistic approach to helping people, Alvin Helping them often requires some creative care. was inspired to join the profession. For example, as part of her practice, Dr Pooh often uses creative behavioural experiments to Today, he hopes to help correct the misconception help patients test their misconceptions. These are surrounding medical social work. He shares that often unfounded worries that cause fear or hold his job requires him to consider every patient’s them back from living a meaningful life. circumstances in relation to their clinical needs, family setup, home environment, and available In one case, for a patient who suffered from community support. He then uses a needs-based anxiety in public places, Dr Pooh suggested analysis to identify the appropriate services to that the patient pour water on her shorts to help them. In addition, he provides counselling make it seem like she had wet herself in public. to patients and their families to ensure that they The patient’s task was to observe how others receive optimal care and support. responded to her. The patient was surprised to discover that no one judged her for having wet While medical social workers can operate in a shorts and, in the process, realised that her variety of settings, from hospitals to voluntary worst fear of embarrassing herself in public welfare organisations, Alvin has chosen to work was irrational. with children. Even though it can be challenging to get children to open up to him, he finds it deeply According to Dr Pooh, many patients only seek rewarding to be able to make a difference to young treatment when their conditions have escalated lives. He believes that every day is an enriching to the point where it affects their daily lives. experience because he has found the right career She believes this is because of the negative and hopes that others will be just as fortunate. perception that the general public has about people who seek help from psychologists. She That is why Alvin recommends the Skills hopes to help these patients and give them hope Framework as an invaluable resource, that recovery is possible if treatment is sought. Mr Alvin Tan especially for students in the career exploration Dr Karen Pooh Medical Social Worker stage. “When you are deciding on your “I want to take on a management role so that Psychologist KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital career, it helps to understand the industry, the roles I can influence systems and policies to make Ng Teng Fong General Hospital that are available, and the skills that are needed a more far-reaching impact in breaking the to succeed. All these are available in the Skills mental health stigma. The Skills Framework Framework, which makes it an excellent career is a useful reference for me because career research tool,” he says. pathways are clearly defined and each role has When you are deciding on your an accompanying skills map that sets out the I want to take on a management role Using the Skills Framework as a guide, students expected skills and competencies. By using it as career, it helps to understand the can better plan their school coursework to gain a guide, I can confidently and accurately identify so that I can influence systems and industry, the roles that are available, exposure to a variety of modules based on their my learning and development needs to achieve policies to make a more far-reaching own interest areas. And by doing so, they might my career goals,” she says. and the skills that are needed to make a life-changing discovery, just like Alvin did. impact in breaking the mental health succeed. All these are available in For psychologists like Dr Pooh, the Skills stigma. The Skills Framework is a Framework is a valuable addition to their useful reference for me because the Skills Framework, which makes arsenal as they work hard to break the mental it an excellent career research tool health stigma that plagues society. career pathways are clearly defined

For jobs and skills pertaining to Medical Social Work and Psychology, please refer to the Skills Framework for Social Service at For jobs and skills pertaining to Medical Social Work and Psychology, please refer to the Skills Framework for Social Service at www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/social-service www.skillsfuture.sg/skills-framework/social-service

133 134 Overview of Technical Skills Overview of Technical Skills and Competencies and Competencies

Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs) Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs)

Proficiency Levels Proficiency Levels TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

Department Billing Procedures Perform and manage billing procedures and finance- Education for Curriculum Design Plan and design curricula that fulfil desired outcomes to

Management related activities Healthcare build workforce capability Professions Department Financial Manage organisation’s short and long-term financial Learner Assessments Evaluate learners’ knowledge to develop self-regulated Management needs learners

Frontline Services Manage patient reception for medical appointment Learning Needs Identify the learning needs of the learners’ workplace, Management scheduling, registration, and/or patients’ admission and Analysis department or division in accordance to the Learning discharge procedures Needs Analysis framework

Inventory Control Perform inventory control and maintain equipment for the Programme Delivery Deliver learning experiences according to the profile and and Equipment therapy department learning needs of the students, staff or professionals, Maintenance in including the provision of mentorship or coaching Rehabilitation Care Programme Design Plan, design and develop learning experiences that fulfil Inventory Manage inventory control for the department required skills and competency outcomes Management in Rehabilitation Therapy Programme Evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of programmes, Evaluation and contribute to continuous programme improvement Inventory Support, plan, execute and review the procurement of Procurement for drugs Staff Training Identify training needs and coordinate staff training Pharmacy Support Facilitation according to customised training roadmaps to improve employees’ skills and capabilities Performance Implement, develop and review department performance Management systems to meet business plans and objectives by Staff Training Identify training, coordinate or manage staff training establishing performance indicators, tracking progress Management according to customised training roadmaps to improve and addressing gaps employees’ skills and capabilities

Pharmaceutical Manage pharmacy equipment including the maintenance Enterprise Risk Business Continuity Develop and implement business continuity plans for Equipment and procurement of equipment Management Planning organisational preparedness of disruptive events Maintenance Clinical Governance Establish clinical frameworks for professional practice Pharmacy Information Maintain and enhance pharmacy information technology to ensure alignment with regulatory frameworks and Technology systems and workflows to ensure optimum performance organisational objectives Management Emergency Support, implement and develop emergency response and Drug Automated Maintain, oversee and review automated processes and Response and Crisis crisis management plans and policies Compounding Distribution systems within a department Management and Management Risk Management Oversee the implementation of policies, frameworks and Management Clinical Investigational Manage preparation, receipt, dispatch and storage of procedures in the department and oversee compliance Drug Management Clinical Investigational Drug (CID) to them in order to ensure the integrity of operations and manage risks Drug Distribution Manage the inventory and the distribution of and Inventory pharmaceutical products to ensure the quality and Workplace Violence Anticipate, respond to and report physical, verbal and Management integrity of product supply emotional abuse in the workplace

Medication Dispensing Process prescriptions and medication orders and Ethics and Individual and Demonstrate awareness and sensitivity in working dispense medication accurately. Resolve medication Professionalism Cultural Diversity professionally with diverse individuals, groups and incidents including dispensing errors and near misses communities who represent various cultural and personal backgrounds and characteristics Medication Safety Comply and promote medication safety practices and manage medication errors Professional, Apply legal and ethical principles and professional code Legal and Ethical of conduct to uphold the integrity and reputation of the Non-sterile Prepare and perform small scale compounding of Healthcare Practice organisation and the profession Compounding extemporaneous pharmaceutical products Reflective Practice Conduct regular self-assessment of own competence in Sterile Manufacturing Process orders and prescriptions, assist in compounding order to continuously develop as a professional of Pharmaceutical of sterile products and review quality of finished products Products

135 136 Overview of Technical Skills Overview of Technical Skills and Competencies and Competencies

Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs) Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs)

Proficiency Levels Proficiency Levels TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

Evidence-based Analysis of Research Analyse research data, interpret results generated and Patient Care Care Transition in Provide continuity of care to patients across different Practice Data link them to the research question or related findings in Nursing settings to ensure smooth transition within teams and scientific literature across settings

Data Analytics Implement data analytics within the organisation to Case History Taking in Establish patients’ case history generate business insights and intelligence through Physiotherapy the use of statistical and computational techniques and tools, algorithms, predictive data modelling and data Client Assessment for Select, apply and interpret assessment methods and tools visualisation Occupational Therapy appropriate to individuals and/or groups

Data and Statistical Interpret and analyse data using statistical techniques Client Assessment for Select and apply assessment methods and tools Analytics to uncover trends and patterns to locate and define new Physiotherapy appropriate for clients and interpret findings process improvement opportunities Client Assessment for Select and apply assessment methods and tools Data Collection and Employ sound research methodologies to collect and Speech Therapy appropriate for clients and interpret findings Management manage data Client Assessment in Provide support to therapists in performing client Nursing Research and Collect and analyse research data and appraise published Therapy Support assessments Statistics research to derive new insights and support decision-making Clinical Support Assist with clinical duties or perform simple clinical Research Proposal Develop research questions, proposals and study for Patient Service procedures during consultation as instructed by Development protocols Associates registered practitioners and according to organisational guidelines and procedures Research Translation Translate research findings into practice Development on Develop targeted intervention plans according to client Intervention Plan for conditions and needs Scientific Writing and Develop written and other communications according Physiotherapy Communication to established standards in the scientific community to Effective Client Demonstrate effective communicative skills when communicate research findings accurately and efficiently Communication communicating with clients and caregivers to the intended audience Effective Demonstrate efficient communication to promote patients’ General Change Management Initiate and facilitate organisational changes and business Communication in physical and mental well-being to achieve health-related Management transformation initiatives Nursing goals Project Management Execute projects by managing stakeholder engagement, Emergency Care Manage patients requiring emergency care resources, budgets and resolving problems Management in Strategy Development Analyse and interpret the environment and develop Nursing department and organisation strategies and policies, in Environmental Provide recommendations on environmental modifications consultation with relevant stakeholders Assessment and to remove environmental barriers and support clients’ Strategy Execution Develop and implement plans to achieve organisational Modification for participation in their homes, schools and/or workplaces and departmental strategies and goals Occupational Therapy

Strategy Management Develop and implement plans to achieve organisational Environmental Assess and recommend appropriate environmental and departmental strategies Assessment and modifications based on client needs in their homes, Modification for schools and/or workplaces Vendor Management Manage vendor relationships by ensuring performance Physiotherapy is as per contracts and operations within standards established by the organisation such as adherence to Goal Setting in Set appropriate treatment goals safety, security, and compliance standards Rehabilitation Therapy

Patient Care Ambulatory Care Provide support to team in the provision of ambulatory Group Therapy Plan and provide group therapy interventions Service Support care services in pharmacist-led services Planning and Implementation Assistive Devices Prescribe the appropriate therapeutic aids, devices, and Prescription in equipment as required by clients Intervention Provide support to therapists in performing interventions Occupational Therapy Implementation in Therapy Support

137 138 Overview of Technical Skills Overview of Technical Skills and Competencies and Competencies

Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs) Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs)

Proficiency Levels Proficiency Levels TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

Patient Care Intervention Planning Develop targeted intervention plans according to client Patient and/or Client Education in Communicate with clients and caregivers to deliver and in Occupational conditions and clinical practice guidelines Client Education Rehabilitation Therapy facilitate the continuity of care Therapy and Health Promotion Client Education in Provide support to therapists in delivering and facilitating Intervention Planning Plan interventions with appropriate treatment goals for Therapy Support continuity of care with clients and caregivers in Speech Therapy clients Health Education Plan, conduct and evaluate health education programmes Medication Perform safe handling and administration of medication Progamme to promote health and prevent illnesses Management in Development and Nursing Implementation

Medication Create the most accurate list possible of all medications Health Promotion Raise awareness to maintain and optimise health and Reconciliation in consumed by a patient to ensure accurate and complete well-being of clients Pharmacy Support medication information transfer during transitions of care Patient Education and Provide patients with the necessary information pre- and Mobility and Provide mobility and ambulation assistance to patients Engagement post-consultations with doctors and promote awareness Ambulation of health and wellness Assistance in Nursing Patient Education on Provide patient counselling and patient education in Nurition and Fluids Support patients in maintaining optimal nutrients and Use of Prescribed accordance with institutions’ protocols Management in fluids to meet the body’s requirements Drugs Nursing Patient Empowerment Empower patients and family members in self-care Nursing Care for the Provide care to deceased patient and support for the on Self-care management through health coaching Deceased bereaved family People Clinical Teaching and Provide clinical teaching and supervision to develop Patient Care Delivery Provide comprehensive, evidence-based nursing care Development Supervision capabilities and competencies of students and in Nursing according to plan of care to achieve optimal patient professionals outcomes Learning and Manage employees’ learning and development activities Pharmacy-only (P) Assist pharmacist in the sales of Pharmacy-only (P) Development to maximise employees’ potential and capabilities to Medication Sales medications contribute to the organisation

Respiratory Care in Care of patients with respiratory disorders Nursing Manpower Manage planning of manpower resources at the Nursing Planning department/unit level

Therapeutic Prescribe the appropriate therapeutic aids, devices, and People Management Manage the recruitment, performance and development Equipment equipment as required by clients of staff Prescription in Physiotherapy Performance Manage performance and development of nursing staff Management for Therapeutic Prescribe the appropriate therapeutic aids, devices, and Nursing Equipment equipment as required by clients Prescription in Workforce Planning Develop and implement manpower plans to support Speech Therapy strategic and operational needs

Therapy Discharge Assess clients’ readiness for discharge, and identify Quality and Audit Management Ensure the quality of services adheres to standards and Planning appropriate follow-up on the care to be provided to Patient Safety develop initiatives to enhance quality patients and/or clients Clinical Incident Manage clinical incidents and severe adverse events Therapy Intervention Evaluate the effectiveness of therapy interventions Management in Evaluation through the monitoring of progress and outcomes of client Rehabilitation Therapy recovery, values and goals as well as clinical indicators Clinical Records Appropriate documenting and managing of client Therapy Intervention Provide the appropriate interventions based on clients’ Documentation and information to support clinical services Implementation needs and conditions Management in Rehabilitation Therapy Wound Management Provide wound care management in patient care delivery in Nursing

139 140 Overview of Technical Skills General Descriptors for Technical Skills and Competencies and Competencies (TSCs)

Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs) General Descriptors for Technical Skills and Competencies (TSCs)

Proficiency Levels TSC Category TSC Title TSC Description Level Responsibility Autonomy Complexity Knowledge and Abilities 1 2 3 4 5 6 (Degree of (Degree of (Degree of (Required to support work as described under supervision and decision making) difficulty of Responsibility, Autonomy and Complexity) Quality and Clinical Services Drive and maintain clinical excellence through accountability) situations Patient Safety Development development of services and tasks) Continuous Apply continuous improvement processes to optimise Improvement operating cost, task efficiency and effectiveness in 6 Accountable for Empowered to chart Complex • Synthesise knowledge issues in a field of work and Management production, services and processes significant area direction and the interface between different fields, and create new of work, strategy practices within forms of knowledge Document Establish and implement documentation policies to or overall and outside of Management for facilitate referencing of information and comply with • Employ advanced skills, to solve critical problems direction work (including and formulate new structures, and/or to redefine Pharmacy Support regulatory requirements professional field/ existing knowledge or professional practice community), to Excellence in Service Create strategies to foster positive client and/or • Demonstrate exemplary ability to innovate, and achieve/exceed patient experiences and deliver service excellence formulate ideas and structures work results throughout the engagement lifecycle

Infection Control Prevent the spread of infectious agents through 5 Accountable Provide Complex • Evaluate factual and advanced conceptual knowledge compliance to good infection control practices and for achieving leadership to within a field of work, involving critical understanding regular audits assigned achieve desired of theories and principles objectives, work results; • Select and apply an advanced range of cognitive Infection Prevention Prevent the spread of infectious agents through infection decisions made Manage and Control in control practices and regular audits to ensure preventive and technical skills, demonstrating mastery and by self and others resources, set innovation, to devise solutions to solve complex and Nursing Practice measures are in place milestones and unpredictable problems in a specialised field of work drive work Nursing Productivity Adopt technology and innovative practices to drive quality • Manage and drive complex work activities and Innovation and productivity

Quality Improvement Drive continuous improvement, risk management and 4 Work under Exercise judgement; Less routine • Evaluate and develop factual and conceptual and Safe Practices implementation of safety design principles to achieve broad direction Adapt and influence knowledge within a field of work quality and patient safety outcomes to achieve work • Select and apply a range of cognitive and technical Hold performance Service Quality Manage, develop and review the quality with which skills to solve non-routine/abstract problems accountability Management services are provided to clients • Manage work activities which may be unpredictable for performance • Facilitate the implementation of innovation Workplace Safety and Establish a workplace safety and health system as well of self and others Health as maintain and comply with Workplace Safety and Health (WSH) policies and procedures 3 Work under Use discretion in Less routine • Apply relevant procedural and conceptual knowledge and skills to perform differentiated work activities Stakeholder Client Advocacy Advocate for rights of client groups and services broad direction identifying and responding to and manage changes Engagement May hold some issues, work with and Conflict Management Build consensus, maintain the best interests of • Able to collaborate with others to identify value- accountability for others and Partnerships the organisation and utilise knowledge of conflict adding opportunities management techniques to diffuse tensions and achieve performance of contribute to work resolutions effectively others, in addition performance to self Inter-professional Apply an integrated approach to coordinate and deliver Collaboration inter-professional interventions to clients 2 Work with some Use limited Routine • Understand and apply factual and procedural Management of Plan and implement strategies to build and manage supervision discretion in knowledge in a field of work Stakeholders constructive and positive relationships with stakeholders resolving issues • Apply basic cognitive and technical skills to carry out Accountable for or enquiries. Work Professional Provide guidance or professional assistance in response defined tasks and to solve routine problems using a broader set of without frequently simple procedures and tools Consultation to requests from the clients, other professionals, external tasks assigned looking to others • Present ideas and improve work organisations and the general public for guidance

1 Work under Minimal Routine • Recall factual and procedural knowledge direct discretion • Apply basic skills to carry out defined tasks supervision required. • Identify opportunities for minor adjustments to work Expected to tasks Accountable for seek guidance tasks assigned

141 142 Overview of Generic Skills Overview of Generic Skills and Competencies and Competencies

Generic Skills and Competencies (GSCs) Generic Skills and Competencies (GSCs)

Proficiency Levels Proficiency Levels GSC GSC Description GSC GSC Description Basic Intermediate Advanced Basic Intermediate Advanced

Communication Convey and exchange Communicate information Articulate and discuss Negotiate with others to Interpersonal Manage relationships Recognise own internal Detect and decipher Influence, guide and thoughts, ideas and with others to respond to ideas and persuade address issues and achieve Skills efficiently and communicate feelings and emotional emotions of others to handle others’ emotions information effectively general inquiries and to others to achieve mutual consensus. with others effectively to states to manage manage interpersonal to build instrumental through various mediums obtain specific information. common outcomes. achieve mutual consensus interpersonal relationships relationships in relationships and and approaches. and outcomes. in social situations. social situations. manage conflicts and disagreements. Computational Develop and use Use computational Modify existing Develop and create Thinking computational models, models, tools and computational models, computational models, Leadership Lead others to achieve Demonstrate Lead by example at team Lead by example at tools and techniques to techniques to identify tools and techniques to tools and techniques to objectives in the most professionalism to set a level. Encourage and guide organisational level. interpret and understand patterns in a problem and develop different solutions. implement new solutions effective way. Provide good example at peer others to adopt a point Inspire, motivate and guide data, solve problems and develop a solution. and apply to other an inclusive workplace level. Support others of view, make changes others to adopt a point guide decision-making. problems. that cultivates workplace through own initiative and or take action. Provide a of view, make changes relationships and enthuse others through team environment that or take action. Cultivate Creative Adopt a fresh perspective Connect ideas or Connect or combine Communicate teamwork, and foster the own positive and energetic facilitates relationships an open, cooperative and Thinking to combine ideas or information from ideas or information information with others development of others. approach. building, teamwork and the collaborative learning information in new ways related fields or from unrelated fields or to respond to general development of others. culture for the organisation. and make connections applications to address applications to generate inquiries and to obtain between seemingly an immediate issue. multiple ideas to bring specific information. Lifelong Seek out opportunities to Organise and manage Engage in collaborative Conduct self-reflective unrelated fields to about a specific outcome. Learning enhance one’s knowledge own learning by setting learning by discussing practices to review one’s create new ideas and and skills. Access and learning targets. Identify one’s learning with others learning to facilitate applications. acquire new knowledge learning approaches to and soliciting feedback to continual growth in one’s and skills actively for achieve work or career continually improve career or profession. Decision Choose a course of action Make decisions of simple Make decisions in a Make decisions in a continual learning. goals. oneself. Making from various alternatives or routine nature to complex setting to achieve volatile and ambiguous using a reasoned process achieve intended goals intended goals using setting using a structured Managing Work well with people from Demonstrate sensitivity to Build relationships with Manage conflicts arising to achieve intended using given information a structured process process and limited Diversity different ethnic, social, the cultural different ethnic or cultural from different ethnic or goals. and guidelines. and multiple sources of sources of available cultural and educational characteristics, groups by engaging in cultural groups and available information. information to achieve backgrounds and values, beliefs, and cross-cultural work effectively in intended goals. understand the concerns behaviors of another cooperative projects. cross-cultural settings. and interests of diverse ethnic or cultural group. work groups. Developing Help others to learn and Use demonstration Provide coaching to others Provide mentorship People develop their capabilities and explanation to to develop their skills and to help others in their to enhance their teach a familiar task to knowledge on their jobs to professional and Problem Generate feasible and Identify easily perceivable Identify less perceivable Anticipate potential performance and achieve inexperienced co-workers. enhance performance. personal development Solving efficient solutions to problems and follow given problems and use problems beyond the personal or professional to improve performance solve problems and guidelines and procedures problem solving tools and current scope and goals. and further their careers. capitalise on new to solve the problems. techniques to solve the apply higher order opportunities. problems. problem solving tools and techniques to Digital Literacy Use ICT tools, equipment Perform basic functions Use available software Use available software turn problems into and software to create, using software features to create and edit features to enhance opportunities. evaluate and share programmes pertaining documents, customise documents, analyse and information digitally to computer operating templates and reports and manipulate data, and use with others. systems and file evaluate online ICT to organise, share and Resource Efficient and effective Use resources to ensure Deepen insights into the Establish strategies for management, and search information. communicate information Management deployment and optimum and efficient use planning, allocation and the allocation and online information. clearly and coherently. allocation of resources of resources. deployment of resources to deployment of resources when and where they anticipate needs. Plan the efficiently and effectively. are needed. Include allocation and deployment Global Mindset Awareness of diversity Demonstrate understanding Develop global networks Build the organisation’s planning, allocating and of resources efficiently across global cultures of global challenges and and manage virtual capabilities to compete scheduling of resources and effectively. and markets. Seek opportunities and how to relationships while in a global environment. to tasks, which typically opportunities to adopt transfer best practices balancing both local and Manage tension include manpower, successful practices across cultures. global perspectives. between corporate machines, money and and ideas. Respect cultural Adopt a local and global requirements, global materials. differences and needs perspective when making and cultural differences. of a diverse workforce. decisions.

143 144 Overview of Generic Skills Supporting Organisations and and Competencies Acknowledgement

Generic Skills and Competencies (GSCs) We would like to thank the following organisations and partners for their support and contributions in the development and validation of the Skills Framework for Healthcare: Proficiency Levels GSC GSC Description Basic Intermediate Advanced

Sense Making Organise and analyse Identify relationships and Interpret data to uncover Analyse data Active Global Respite Care Pte Ltd KK Women’s And Children’s Hospital data and information linkages within different patterns and trends relationships, patterns Alexandra Health Pte Ltd Kwong Wai Shiu Hospital accurately to identify components of data. between various sources and trends to gain relationships and detect of data. important insights and All Saints Home Lee Ah Mooi Old Age Home patterns and trends to make informed decisions. Ling Kwang Home for Senior Citizens gain insights for Alzheimer’s Disease Association decision-making. Ang Mo Kio Thye Hua Kwan Community Hospital Lions Home for the Elders Apex Day Rehab Centre for Elderly Man Fut Tong Nursing Home Service Commit to exceeding Exceed customer Anticipate customer needs Model, lead, train and Orientation both internal and needs and expectations and expectations and elicit motivate staff with a focus Asian Women’s Welfare Association Marine Parade Aspiration Elderly Lodge external customers’ and handle service feedback from customers on sustaining a culture Aspiration Wan Qing Lodge Methodist Welfare Services Bethany Nursing Home - needs. Proactively challenges with a positive to improve service. that encourages Choa Chu Kang identify customer needs mindset. Demonstrate Build relationships with commitment to Assisi Hospice and sustain a culture of an understanding of the customers to create and service excellence and Methodist Welfare Services Home Care service excellence within organisation’s service sustain customer loyalty. high performance. Association for Persons with Special Needs Methodist Welfare Services Home Hospice the organisation. vision, mission and values. AWWA Metta Day Rehabilitation Centre for the Elderly Balance Core Physiotherapy Centre Teamwork Work collaboratively and Contribute to a positive Facilitate work team Establish teams, design Metta Home Nursing effectively with others and cooperative working activities, provide assistance and assess tasks to Bright Hill Evergreen Home to contribute to group environment by fulfilling and support needed by team continually improve Metta Hospice Care efforts to achieve own responsibilities and Bright Vision Hospital members and promote team effectiveness and Mindchamps Allied Care identified objectives. providing support to ownership and commitment cultivate a sense of Care for the Elderly Foundation (Singapore) coworkers to achieve among team members to organisational ownership Moral Home for the Aged Sick Limited Cerebral Palsy Alliance Singapore team goals. work goals to improve team and a cooperative Mount Elizabeth Hospital performance. working environment. Changi General Hospital Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital Dover Park Hospice Transdisciplinary Understanding of concepts Research and adapt Co-relate material from Synthesise knowledge and Mount Alvernia Hospital Thinking across multiple disciplines, concepts from outside diverse knowledge bases insights across Farrer Park Hospital with the capacity to one’s field of expertise to to guide decisions and disciplinary boundaries Nanyang Polytechnic synthesise the knowledge supplement one’s core policy making. Participate to aid strategic decisions Gleneagles Hospital National Cancer Centre Singapore and insights to guide knowledge and proficiency. in reflective and and foster cooperation Gleneagles Hospital Pharmacy decisions and foster trans-disciplinary within and outside of the National Dental Centre Singapore cooperation. communities within and organisation. Grace Lodge National Healthcare Group Diagnostics outside the organisation. Grace Orchard School National Healthcare Group Headquarters Guardian Pharmacy Virtual Use online collaborative Participate and contribute Use interactive Leverage on diverse National Healthcare Group Pharmacy Collaboration communication tools in a virtual team. Set collaborative tools to team talent, latest online Handicaps Welfare Association to work as teams to up appropriate online foster cohesion and collaborative National Healthcare Group Polyclinic accomplish tasks or collaborative tools and commitment among technologies and virtual Health Management International Institute of projects. supporting equipment. virtual team members platforms to produce Health Sciences National Heart Centre Singapore to achieve goals. Keep collaborative behaviour Healthcare Services Employees’ Union National Kidney Foundation up-to-date with innovative and achieve technological online collaborative savviness in virtual Hollandse School Limited National Neuroscience Institute tools and applications to collaboration. Home Nursing Foundation National Skin Centre enhance one’s proficiency in engaging in virtual Institute of Mental Health National University Health System Headquaters collaboration. Jamiyah Nursing Home (Darul Syifaa) National University Hospital Jurong Community Hospital Ng Teng Fong General Hospital Khoo Teck Puat Hospital Ngee Ann Polytechnic Kidz Pediatric OT Consultants NTUC Health Nursing Home

145 146 Supporting Organisations and Wage Information Acknowledgement

Pacific Eldercare and Nursing Speech Linx Pacific Healthcare Nursing Home Pte Ltd Sree Narayana Mission (Singapore) Indicative Salary Range*, Job Roles PAP Community Foundation Sparkle Care St Andrew’s Community Hospital SGD Parkway East Hospital St Hilda’s Community Services Centre Senior Pharmacy Technician Executive / Pharmacy Technician Executive 4,290 – 4,790 Parkway Pantai St Joseph’s Home Senior Pharmacy Technician 3,390 – 4,130 Peacehaven Nursing Home St Luke’s Eldercare Pharmacy Technician 2,190 – 2,790 Pharmaceutical Society of Singapore St Luke’s Hospital Patient Service Executive / Patient Service Supervisor / Patient Service Assistant Supervisor 3,170 – 3,880 Presbyterian Community Services Sunlove Abode for Intellectually-Infirmed Ltd Patient Service Senior Associate 2,310 – 2,890 Raffles Hospital Sunnyville Nursing Home Patient Service Associate 1,820 – 2,220 Rainbow Centre Sunshine Welfare Action Mission Senior Principal Physiotherapist / Senior Principal Occupational Therapist / Ren Ci Hospital Tan Tock Seng Hospital 8,340 – 10,720 Senior Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical / Education / Management / Research) Republic Polytechnic Temasek Polytechnic Principal Physiotherapist / Principal Occupational Therapist / 6,240 – 7,970 SASCO Senior Citizen Home The Lentor Residence Pte Ltd Principal Speech Therapist (Clinical / Education / Management / Research) Sathya Sai Social Service The Sole Clinic Senior Physiotherapist / Senior Occupational Therapist / Senior Speech Therapist 4,440 – 5,420 Sengkang General Hospital Thomson Medical Pte Ltd Physiotherapist / Occupational Therapist / Speech Therapist 3,330 – 4,010 Singapore Association for Mental Health Thomson Medical Pte Ltd (Clinics) Chief Nurse / Director of Nursing / Deputy Director of Nursing / 9,970 – 12,640 Singapore Cancer Society Thong Teck Home for Senior Citizens Assistant Director of Nursing (Clinical / Management / Education) Singapore Christian Home Thye Hua Kwan Community Hospital Senior Nurse Clinician / Senior Nurse Educator / Senior Nurse Manager 8,820 – 10,650 Singapore General Hospital Thye Hua Kwan Nursing Home Ltd Nurse Clinician / Nurse Educator / Nurse Manager 6,370 – 8,360 Singapore National Eye Centre Touch Community Services Limited Assistant Nurse Clinician 5,520 – 6,840 Singapore Physiotherapy Association Tsao Foundation Senior Staff Nurse 4,170 – 5,200 Singapore Polytechnic Villa Francis Home for the Aged Staff Nurse 2,940 – 3,640 SingHealth Community Hospital Watsons Principal Enrolled Nurse 4,020 – 4,650 SingHealth Headquarters Woodlands Health Campus Senior Enrolled Nurse 2,800 – 3,820 SingHealth Polyclinics Xi Ser Care Service Enrolled Nurse 2,110 – 2,460 Society for the Aged Sick Yishun Community Hospital Senior Healthcare Assistant / Senior Basic Care Assistant / Senior Nursing Aide 1,950 – 2,570 Society for the Physically Disabled Yong-En Care Centre Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Aide 1,470 – 1,890 Therapy Support Associate 2,240 – 3,240 Senior Therapy Assistant 2,020 – 2,790 Therapy Assistant 1,600 – 1,920

In addition, we would like to express our gratitude to the following stakeholders and partners for their contribution to Source: Wage Survey conducted by Ernst & Young Advisory Pte Ltd commissioned by SkillsFuture Singapore. the development of the Skills Framework for Healthcare: * The above data reflects the indicative monthly gross salary and includes overtime pay and allowances. Actual salaries may differ due to • Individuals who have agreed to share their personal career stories market conditions and company/organisation policies. • The Unions who have provided their views and support on behalf of their members • The Industry Associations and Professional Bodies for sharing their business and members’ perspectives • Various Government and Government-Linked Agencies for their assistance • Education and Training Providers for the inputs on the skills and competencies development • Organisations for their contributions in the development and validation of the Skills Framework for Healthcare

147 148 Notes Notes

149 150 Notes

151 SKILLS FRAMEWORK FOR HEALTHCARE Career Pathways

PSYCHOLOGY PHARMACY SUPPORT^ OPERATIONS NURSING PHYSIOTHERAPY OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY SPEECH THERAPY AND SOCIAL WORK

Patient Pharmacy Drug IT and Compounding Management Clinical Education Research Care Supply and Quality Management Clinical Education Management Clinical Education Research Management Clinical Education Research Service Chain Management

Chief Nurse Individuals have the opportunities to assume corporate leadership roles such as Director (Allied Health Services), Centre Manager and Head of Department in healthcare and community care institutions Director of Nursing Director of Nursing Director of Nursing

Deputy Director Deputy Director Deputy Director Individuals have the opportunities to assume Senior Senior Senior Senior Senior Senior Senior Senior of Nursing of Nursing of Nursing Senior Senior Senior Senior corporate leadership roles in charge of Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal different healthcare institutional operation Occupational Occupational Occupational Occupational Speech Speech Speech Speech Physiotherapy Physiotherapist Physiotherapy Physiotherapy and business functions Therapy Therapist Therapy Therapy Therapy Therapist Therapy Therapy Assistant Director Assistant Director Assistant Director Manager (Clinical) Educator Researcher Manager (Clinical) Educator Researcher Manager (Clinical) Educator Researcher of Nursing of Nursing of Nursing

Senior Senior Senior Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Nurse Manager Nurse Clinician Nurse Educator Principal Principal Principal Principal REFER TO Occupational Occupational Occupational Occupational Speech Speech Speech Speech Physiotherapy Physiotherapist Physiotherapy Physiotherapy THE SKILLS Therapy Therapist Therapy Therapy Therapy Therapist Therapy Therapy Manager (Clinical) Educator Researcher FRAMEWORK FOR Manager (Clinical) Educator Researcher Manager (Clinical) Educator Researcher Nurse Manager Nurse Clinician Nurse Educator SOCIAL SERVICE

Senior Senior Senior Assistant Nurse Clinician Pharmacy Pharmacy Pharmacy Patient Service Senior Senior Senior Technician Technician Technician Executive Physiotherapist Occupational Therapist Speech Therapist Executive Executive Executive Senior Staff Nurse

Pharmacy Pharmacy Pharmacy Technician Technician Technician Executive Executive Executive Patient Service Physiotherapist* Occupational Therapist* Speech Therapist* Supervisor Staff Nurse* Senior Pharmacy Technician

Degree in Physiotherapy Degree in Occupational Therapy Degree/Masters in Speech Therapy

Patient Service Pharmacy Technician Therapy Support Associate Assistant Supervisor Diploma in Pharmaceutical Science Diploma/Degree in Nursing Principal Enrolled Nurse Patient Service Senior Therapy Assistant Senior Associate Senior Enrolled Nurse

Enrolled Nurse* Nitec in Nursing

Patient Service Senior Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Aide Therapy Assistant Associate

Healthcare Assistant / Basic Care Assistant / Nursing Aide

Legend:

Denotes vertical Attainment of competencies and Denotes bi-directional lateral Denotes bi-directional lateral movements career progression professional qualifications to progress movement between job roles between all job roles within the box

* Please refer to the Singapore Nursing Board website at www.healthprofessionals.gov.sg/snb and the Allied Health Professions Council website at www.healthprofessionals.gov.sg/ahpc for professional registration requirements. ^ For information on the Pharmacist registration and entry to practice competency standards, please refer to the Singapore Pharmacy Council website at www.healthprofessionals.gov.sg/spc The Career Map serves as a reference to reflect the available job roles and possible career pathways in the Healthcare Sector, which may vary depending on each organisation’s structure and business context. The career progression pathways would depend on individual performance, capability, experience, aspiration, as well as organisation needs. SKILLS FRAMEWORK FOR HEALTHCARE Career Pathways

Scan this QR code to find out more about the Skills Framework for Healthcare

For more information, please visit skillsfuture.sg PUBLISHED IN DEC 2018