2nd PROGRESS REPORT
APRIL 1, 2013 – SEPTEMBER 30, 2013
Table of Contents Abbreviations ...... 1 Executive Summary ...... 2 1100 Improved Capacity in the Project Areas ...... 3 1110 – Capacity gaps identified ...... 3 1120 – Capacity interventions identified and reviewed ...... 4 1130 – Extension staff ToT & specialist trainings ...... 4 1140 – MSc/BSc education of public sector staff ...... 5 1160 – Training educational institutions in gender sensitive VC approaches & interventions ...... 6 1170 – Trainings/mentoring suppliers of inputs & services ...... 6 1180 – Training/mentoring of farmers ...... 7 1190 – Training/mentoring of other value chain actors ...... 8 1200 Increased Access to Knowledge in the Project Areas ...... 8 1210 – Knowledge gaps identified ...... 9 1220 – Knowledge interventions identified and reviewed ...... 9 1230 – Knowledge centers and extension system equipped ...... 9 1240 – Knowledge capturing, sharing and learning events ...... 10 1250 – Project website and social media ...... 10 1300 Increased Access to Project Results Beyond Project Areas ...... 10 1310 – Promotion interventions developed & reviewed ...... 11 1320 – Promotional interventions and distribution of materials ...... 11 1330 – Promotional activities – Regional, National & International ...... 12 1340 – Content of EAP further developed/expanded ...... 13 1350 – Video, radio programs on interventions, VC approaches and lessons learned, prepared and broadcasted ...... 14 2100 Increased Availability of Value Chain Interventions in Project Areas ...... 14 2110 – Value chains, target areas, actors and service providers identified ...... 14 2120 – Value chain interventions identified and reviewed ...... 14 2130 – Potential value chain interventions introduced ...... 15 Dairy value chain ...... 15 Large ruminants (beef) value chains ...... 16 Small ruminants (meat) value chain ...... 17 Poultry (eggs and broiler) value chain ...... 17
Apiculture value chain ...... 18 Irrigated Fruits value chain ...... 18 Irrigated vegetables value chain ...... 19 Irrigated fodder value chain ...... 19 Credit ...... 19 Environment...... 20 Gender ...... 21 2140 – Demonstration materials for value chain interventions provided ...... 25 2200 Increased Documentation of Project Results/Lessons ...... 25 2210 – Research priorities identified and reviewed annually ...... 25 2220 – Diagnostic studies completed ...... 26 2230 – Action studies completed ...... 26 2240 – Commodity impact studies completed ...... 26 2250 – Project RBM ...... 26 Project management ...... 26 Reports ...... 26 Recruitment of Staff ...... 26 Establishment of Offices ...... 27 Procurement ...... 28 Project Coordinating Team Meetings ...... 28 Regional Project Implementation Committee (RPIC) Meetings ...... 28 Project Steering Committee Meeting ...... 28 Preparation of Quarterly Financial Reports ...... 28
Abbreviations AGP Agricultural Growth Program AI Artificial Insemination ATVET Agricultural Technical Vocational Education and Training College BoA Bureau of Agriculture BoW Bureau of Water CA Contribution Agreement CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CRPs CGIAR Research Programs EAP Ethiopian Agricultural Portal EIAR Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research EADDP East Africa Development Project EMDTI Ethiopian Meat and Dairy Technology Institute ARDPLAC Agricultural and Rural Development Partners Linkages Advisory Council FTC Farmer Training Center GDP Gross Domestic Product GIS Geographic Information System GoE Government of Ethiopia GO Government Organization GTP Growth and Transformation Plan HABP Household Asset Building Project HH Household HQ Head Quarter ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas ILRI International Livestock Research Institute IPMS Improving Productivity and Market Success IWMI International Water Management Institute LA Livestock Agency LIVES Livestock Irrigation Value Chain for Ethiopian Smallholders MoA Ministry of Agriculture NGO Non-government Organization PA Peasant Association PARS Participatory Agricultural Radio Series PIP Project Implementation Plan PMF Performance Management Framework PSNP Productive Safety Net Project RARI Regional Agricultural Research Institute RBM&E Results Based Monitoring and Evaluation SLM Sustainable Land Management SNNPR Southern Nation Nationalities People’s Region ToT Training of Trainers WBS Work Breakdown Structure
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Executive Summary This second progress report covers the period April 1, 2013 to September 30, 2013. During this reporting period LIVES has progressed in many aspects. Interventions and activities on capacity development, knowledge management, promotion, value chain development and research have all kicked off at all project levels. The level of implementation of project activities however varied by commodity & district which was related to recruitment of staff. The project team is now almost all on board with quite a few staff members who joined the project in this reporting period.
To operationalize planned interventions, the project stimulated the formation of livestock and crop commodities. This was followed by intensive coaching & mentoring for commodity interventions. Priority was given to establishing interventions on the ground over formal training activities which have been postponed to the second half of the year. However, many coaching & mentoring activities have taken place in order to transfer skills to service providers, farmers & other value chain actors. A total of 392 extension staff (342 male & 60 female), 179 farmer input suppliers (144 male & 37 female) and 294 farmers (225 male & 69 female) were coached/mentored during the reporting period. Demonstration of fodder & fruit interventions also took place in a total of 33 FTCs in SNNP, Amhara & Oromia Regions.
Selected public sector staff have started enrolling at universities for their MSc degrees and developing their concept notes for research; knowledge centers are being set up; and an action research on use of ICT tools for better extension (e-book readers) has started. Promotion of experiences and lessons from partners; commodity value chain development especially in fodder and irrigated fruits and vegetables has progressed. To increase the participation and collaboration of value chain actors, commodity platforms were established at the different levels. Various study tours have also taken place at national level and one to Kenya for the Project Steering Committee members.
LIVES continues to move ahead by working with partners to contribute to the enhancement of income and wealth for smallholders and other value chain actors (both male and female) through increased and sustained market off-take of high value livestock and irrigated crop commodities.
Linkages were also established with several projects and programs with whom learning can take place over a long period of time including zonal and national programs such as AGP/LMD, GRAD, EDGET, AfricaRising, the FeedSeed Project & AgriProfocus. The LIVES project was also a major partner in the World School Milk day which was organized by the Oromia Livestock Agency and will also be organized in other Regions over the coming year.
Identification/refinement of value chain interventions continued during this reporting period and interventions were operationalized based on what was happening on the ground. In the process, key input/service providers and value chain actors were identified for implementation of the first year intervention plan. Important production interventions included the introduction and management of fodder and improved fruits and vegetable varieties and improved crop & livestock management while key input/service interventions focused on production of important inputs such as forage seeds/planting materials in FTCs and private farms. The various marketing channels for
2 the targeted products were assessed and linkages with producers were initiated/improved. In terms of documentation/research activities, during this reporting period, environmental assessments of major commodities were initiated in the regions. The International Water Management Institute (IWMI), a major LIVES partner, also submitted project proposals which are being reviewed by LIVES HQ staff.
In terms of Project Management, the LIVES team is now almost complete and many new staff members have come on board during the reporting period. Offices have been established at the Regions, procurement of vehicles was completed and technical reports have been submitted by Regional and Zonal staff on a regular basis. Focal persons have been established at District, Zonal & Regional levels and the four Regional Project Implementation Committees (RPICs) have also been formed.
1100 Improved Capacity in the Project Areas
Improved capacity of (♀♂) livestock and irrigation agriculture VC actors and input/service suppliers to participate in improved gender sensitive and environmentally sustainable VC development models in project areas
In the past six months, the project gave priority to establishing interventions on the ground, rescheduling most formal training activities to the second half of the year. To compensate for the formal training, project staff/partners coached and mentored the service providers, farmers and other value chain actors.
Some special training was conducted for extension staff on the use of e-readers and the project also provided resource persons for specialized training on request by partner institutions.
To equip project staff for their coaching and mentoring activities, a familiarization workshop on basic concepts and interventions was organized from April 22 – 24, 2013 in Adama, Ethiopia. Another workshop on gender and environmental assessment was organized in Adama for project staff from August 19 – 22, 2013.
Identification of MSc/BSc sponsorships was initiated and regions have started submitting their list of candidates.
During this reporting period, based on the identified gaps in capacity in year 1, plans have been finalized to conduct various trainings in the coming 6 months. 1110 – Capacity gaps identified Capacity gaps in value chain analysis and development, market oriented extension, at regional, zonal and district level agricultural office staff were identified in year 1 (April 2012 – March 2013) during zonal stakeholder meetings and project planning meetings. Additional gaps were identified during the team’s regular visits to districts as well as during the commodity platform meetings initiated/held during the past 6 months (see 1240). IWMI conducted a rapid assessment of irrigation schemes in Amhara and Tigray Regions to develop a training program on improving irrigation water management. Assessments for Oromia & SNNP Regions will continue in the following 6 months. 3
The recently recruited agribusiness expert assessed business and credit proposal development skills of value chain actors and service providers in Tigray and SNNP Regions in order to develop a course on business skills/credit proposal writing. Research partner institutions identified the need for training on research project proposal writing (ARARI) and research methods (TARI) and grazing area management (TARI).
1120 – Capacity interventions identified and reviewed
The proposed capacity development activities for Year 2 (April 2013 – March 2014) have been rescheduled for the second half of the year to give priority to the introduction of value chain interventions as this reporting period coincided with the rainy season. The emphasis is still on national and regional capacity building on market oriented approaches/extension and value chain development.
The proposed capacity development interventions were further qualified to fit to the local situations (district and PA level) in consultation with focal persons, office heads, and during innovation platform meetings. Capacity development interventions will be in the form of short term trainings, experience sharing visits, and demonstrations.
Following the gender mainstreaming & environmental impact assessment workshops that took place in Adama in August (see 1130), the LIVES Regional & Zonal teams are preparing action plans to provide gender mainstreaming training as well as trainings for other identified gaps for partners & value chain actors in the districts.
IWMI prepared a hands on training program (1 month) for improving water management in selected irrigation schemes, which was reviewed during a one day meeting with the regional project team that took place in October, details of which will be included in the next 6 monthly report. Involvement of the Regional Project Implementation Committees (RPIC) in the review of the capacity development activities have been scheduled for November in SNNP, Amhara & Oromia Regions. The Tigray RPIC discussed the mechanisms of nominating MSc awards at regional, zonal & district levels and agreed that the nominations should reflect the interests of the LIVES project as well as the districts’.
1130 – Extension staff ToT & specialist trainings
Regional and zonal project staff received training on gender assessment and mainstreaming and environmental assessment during the training workshop that took place in Adama from August 19 – 22, 2013. (http://lives-ethiopia.wikispaces.com/Gender+and+Value+Chain+Training+Workshop)
In addition, the LIVES team also conducted trainings on the use of e-readers for 37 (7 female) targeted staff from the Regions, Zones & Woredas.
LIVES provided resource persons to conduct trainings for researchers from TARI, who were given two trainings on Livestock Research Methods & Grazing Management. These trainings took place on September 8 & 10, 2013 with 62 participants out of which 12 were female.
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In the Central and Eastern zones of Tigray, public extension district experts (subject matter specialists and development agents) were trained on the job in improved fruit production. In addition, district extension experts from the two zones were trained in improved forage development. The LIVES team also provided practical and continuous capacity support on improved management of planted fruits and livestock feed.
A summary of these events can be found on Annex 1.
Coaching/mentoring of extension and staff on technical subjects required for the introduction of the selected interventions took place in all regions, zones and districts. Topics included production of inputs and advanced output production technologies.
Table 1 summarizes the staff coached and mentored in each of the Regions/Zones/District so far, including the project’s focal persons at District, Zonal and Regional levels, Zonal, District and PA level specialists/DAs.
Table 1 Extension staff coached in Regions, Zones and Districts
Extension staff coached by region Region Type of staff Male Female Total Amhara Focal person 13 0 13 SMS 27 4 31 DA 31 8 39 Total 71 12 83 SNNP Focal person 9 0 9 SMS 26 6 22 DA 13 5 18 Total 48 11 49 Focal person 10 0 10 Tigray SMS 79 6 85 DA 19 1 20 Total 108 7 115 Oromia Focal person 13 0 13 SMS 39 15 54 DA 63 15 78 Total 115 30 145 Overall total 342 60 392
1140 – MSc/BSc education of public sector staff
During the reporting period, the project initiated the MSc/BSc support program for public sector extension and research staff at federal, regional, zonal & district levels. Letters were sent out to the various offices of agriculture to request for a list of students that met the minimum criteria set out by the project (as agreed during the PSC meeting on April 30, 2013). The lists of students have now been received from all 4 regions and letters have been sent to the various universities to enroll these students. It was however, a little difficult to get qualified female students from all locations 5 due to the low number of female employees in the offices and their failure to fulfill the minimum CGPA requirement. Annex 2 has the details of the students who will be supported by LIVES.
1160 – Training educational institutions in gender sensitive VC approaches & interventions
Short term trainings in value chain & agribusiness courses to take place in the next reporting period are being prepared for educational institutions. During this reporting period however, the LIVES Research Coordinator assisted in the development of a graduate program on Agribusiness and Value Chain Management (ABVCM) at Axum University. He helped find instructors, assisted in developing the curriculum, facilitated a workshop on the draft curriculum and helped finalize it as well. The MSc program has now enrolled the first batch of MSc students and is finalizing admission for the second batch. This MSc program is perfectly in line with LIVES’ market oriented and agribusiness based agricultural development approach.
1170 – Trainings/mentoring suppliers of inputs & services
Guidelines & formats for summarizing location specific coaching & mentoring activities of inputs & services suppliers were prepared and circulated to Regional staff in order to keep track of all such activities.
During this reporting period, project staff began coaching/mentoring producers of inputs such as fruit seedlings and forage and vegetable seed/materials, pullet and bee colony producers including individual farmers, and youth/women groups. Tables 2 provide an overview of the coached input producers.
Table 2. Farmer input producers
Type of input Region Male Female Total Forage seed 1 Amhara 7 0 7 Oromia 57 0 57 SNNPRS 13 9 22 Total 77 9 84 Fruit seedlings Amhara 18 3 21 SNNPRS 20 11 31 Total 38 14 52 Vegetable seeds Amhara 10 3 13 Oromia 7 0 7 SNNPRS 3 4 7 Total 20 7 27 Pullets Tigray 1 0 1 Amhara 4 2 6 Oromia 2 0 2 Total 7 2 9 Bee colony Amhara 2 5 7 Total 2 5 7 Overall total 144 37 179 6
1 Some of the farmers involved in forage production may also be involved in forage seed production 2 Females in male headed households are usually included in these coaching/mentoring sessions
Contacts were also made with private sector service providers in each of the selected Districts to create linkages with producers.
1180 – Training/mentoring of farmers
Guidelines & formats for summarizing location specific coaching and mentoring activities of demonstration farmers were prepared during this period and circulated to Regional staff in order to keep track of all such activities.
In Amhara region, mentoring to a large number of farmers took place in all districts on dairy, poultry, beef, small ruminants, beekeeping, irrigation water management, and on forage and fruit production.
Farmers in Tigray region were coached on improved forage development and the linkages between improved forage beneficiary farmers with available urban market were assessed. The assessment indicated that there is promising market for dairy, small ruminants, poultry, vegetables, fruits and forage products in the nearby district, zonal and regional towns. Farmers were also coached on improved fruit production.
In Oromia Region, discussions took place with farmers about capacity gaps and the farmers who will receive training on grafting & fruit management have been selected and potential trainers have been identified. In addition, the importance of developing & using forage genetic materials was explained to farmers as well as partners. Farmers in West Shoa have been selected for apple production training and also to participate in an experience sharing tour. Discussions were held with Ethio-veg fruit farm for future trainings of farmers & DAs on tomato pest control & management.
In the SNNP region, resource persons were identified for the practical training on prioritized commodities in the region (such as apple and mango grafting).
During the past six months, farmers were coached on fruit tree and fodder production and utilization. Table 3 provides an overview of the farmers being coached and mentored on specific interventions in the past six months.
Table 3. Farmers coached and mentored on various commodities
Commodity Region Male Female Total Apiculture Tigray (bee forage) 59 8 67 Amhara 35 15 50 Oromia 58 2 60 Total 152 25 177 Poultry Amhara 17 20 37 SNNPRS 17 14 31 7
Total 34 34 68 Large ruminants Amhara 26 1 27 Oromia 62 0 62 SNNPRS 13 2 15 Total 101 3 104 Small ruminants Tigray 154 21 175 (including forage Amhara 32 18 50 development) Oromia 229 64 293 SNNPRS 12 0 12 Total 427 103 530 Dairy (including Tigray 103 13 116 fodder Amhara 362 57 419 interventions) Oromia 239 73 312 SNNPRS 18 3 21 Total 722 146 868 Irrigated Fruits Tigray 172 20 192 Amhara 114 40 154 SNNPRS 22 6 28 Total 308 66 374 Irrigated Amhara 57 20 77 Vegetables Oromia 159 44 203 SNNPRS 9 5 14 Overall total 225 69 294 1 Females in male headed households are usually included in these coaching/mentoring sessions
1190 – Training/mentoring of other value chain actors
Guidelines & formats for summarizing location specific coaching and mentoring activities of other value chain actors were prepared and circulated to Regional staff in order to keep track of all such activities.
Identification of the other value chain actors, in each of the Regions was initiated and these were included in the commodity platforms (see 1240).
1200 Increased Access to Knowledge in the Project Areas Increased access to knowledge by (♀♂) livestock and irrigation agriculture VC actors and input/service suppliers in project areas on improved gender sensitive and environmentally sustainable VC development models
Several knowledge management activities have taken place during this quarter including the establishment of 4 knowledge centers in the LIVES project areas and distribution of 41 e-readers.
Study tours (3 in the Regions) were conducted at various levels to share experiences and learn from others. The LIVES website is now quite active with several blogs posted on a regular basis. Each Regional team also initiated the establishment of crop and livestock commodity innovation platforms which will be used, amongst others, to initiate the generation and sharing of knowledge.
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26 commodity platform meetings were held in this reporting period, details of which can be found in Annex 1.
1210 – Knowledge gaps identified
Knowledge gaps at regional, zonal and district levels were identified in Year 1. Additional knowledge gaps of service providers, farmers and other value chain actors on commodity value chain development were identified during field visits by the team and during commodity platform meetings.
1220 – Knowledge interventions identified and reviewed
The proposed knowledge management interventions for year 2 were implemented according to plan. Further review of some of the interventions during district level consultations resulted in fine- tuning some of the interventions i.e. i) commodity innovation platforms which had been planned for the zones, were deemed necessary at district level as well, ii) establishment of district level KC required different approaches based on available space. It was noted for example that in Amhara region, that there are no library facilities in any of the districts. Therefore, agricultural extension service providers (knowledge brokers) have no access to reading or reference materials in an organized way.
1230 – Knowledge centers and extension system equipped
During the reporting period, some equipment and furniture for the knowledge centers was purchased and 4 knowledge centers were set up (the list of equipment and furniture that was purchased can be found on Annex 3).
Zonal Coordinators for LIVES Zones in Amhara uploaded several reference materials on agricultural extension experts’ computers. Attempts are also being made to pool all available reading materials from experts to store them in the Knowledge Center.
Knowledge center rooms that have been allocated in the SNNP Region were visited and this activity will continue in the other regions during the next reporting period. Also, in the SNNP Region, the status of existing knowledge centers (established by IPMS) in the Sidama Zone Bureau of Agriculture, the Regional Bureau of Agriculture & the Southern Agricultural Research Center (SARI) have been assessed for possible revamping. Refurbishment of future knowledge centers as well as allocation/construction of rooms at Regional, Zonal & Woreda levels and assignment of KC managers was also followed up during this reporting period.
In regions, distribution of the LIVES brochure and project documents to Zonal & Woreda partners took place.
The IPMS summary video was finalized and distributed to stakeholders and also posted on the LIVES website during this reporting period. Also, three gender videos (which were produced by ETV) were duplicated and distribution to LIVES sites and other stakeholders has been initiated.
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In addition, LIVES staff at HQ, Regions & Zones have been continuously taking pictures & videos of different activities that have been taking place and all of this will be maintained on the LIVES server at HQ for future use.
1240 – Knowledge capturing, sharing and learning events
Several commodity platform meetings (26) on both crop and livestock took place during this reporting period at district level. Members selected were value chain actors and service providers engaged in the defined commodity development. These commodity platforms will ensure knowledge sharing and participatory decision making. Participation of women was ensured in these meetings. An overview of such events can be found on Annex 1.
E-readers were set up and loaded with relevant documents after which targets were selected, study documents prepared and distribution began coupled with baseline data gathering and trainings on the use of the device (also see 2230). 41 e-readers were distributed out of which 7 were given to women. The distribution of the e-readers will continue until the end of November 2013. The remaining e-readers will be distributed in Jimma Zone (9), Oromia Region (3) & East Shoa Zone (1). Details of the e-readers that have been distributed thus far can be found on Annex 4.
Study tours took place in the regions to share experiences in various aspects such as forage development practices, modern poultry rearing methods and many more. In addition, existing knowledge related to improved poultry, irrigated crop seed production, improved beekeeping and other livestock commodities were discussed with TARI researchers in Tigray. New ideas were also shared with the private dairy & poultry investors & cooperatives.
At HQ level, the LIVES Project Steering Committee members traveled to Kenya from September 30 to October 4 to review potential value chain interventions for dairy and irrigated agriculture. Lessons learned and potential interventions will be applied to the project. The detailed report for the study tour can be found in Annex 5.
1250 – Project website and social media
The LIVES website interface has been updated and GIS data of the project has also been incorporated (www.lives-ethiopia.org). Blogs from the regions and elsewhere have been posted on the LIVES website periodically throughout the reporting period (25 blogs posted during the reporting period). The LIVES brochure has been translated into Amharic & Oromiffa and distributed to various partners. The LIVES quarterly newsletter with input from staff has also been published. In Tigray, printed fruit and forage manuals were supplied as guidelines to OoARD fruit & forage experts. In Oromia, a brochure for World School Milk Day was prepared.
1300 Increased Access to Project Results Beyond Project Areas Increased access to project generated gender sensitive and environmentally sustainable results and lessons learned by (♀♂) value chain actors and service providers outside the project area
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During this reporting period the project established linkages with projects and programs with which learning can take place over a longer period of time, including zonal programs, national programs such as AGP/LMD, GRAD, EDGET, AfricaRISING, the FeedSeed project, and AgriProfocus.
The project also presented/promoted itself during a special session in the annual Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP) conference and presented papers on its intervention strategies including a presentation on Gender.
A major promotional event organized by the Oromia Livestock Agency and LIVES was the World school milk day, which was attended by, amongst many others, students from 5 elementary schools in Suluta. The day was intended to stimulate the interest in developing school milk programs, and targeting future generations to consume dairy products. The program included displays and tastings of dairy products by private companies, dramas and discussions on dairy development.
LIVES project staff have also partnered with the LMD project in Tigray, Amhara and the SNNPR in organizing their respective regional World School Milk day celebrations and this will be highlighted in the next 6 monthly report.
1310 – Promotion interventions developed & reviewed
During the reporting period, several meetings took place in the regions where LIVES staff promoted the importance of the value chain approach for sustainable commodity development to other projects, partners & farmers. In addition, gender mainstreaming, partnership, and market oriented commodity development was also discussed during these meetings.
1320 – Promotional interventions and distribution of materials
Contacts were made with projects/ programs operating in the Regions/Zones/Districts with whom LIVES will collaborate/learn during the project life to share experiences and/or to complement each other’s activities.
In Amhara Region, field days are being organized at Mecha district in collaboration with the regional Livestock Agency to demonstrate the new calves born and milking cows as a result of mass insemination using estrus synchronization hormones. The participants expected at the field days are policy makers, experts and the community. Field days are also being organized for Livestock Experts & DAs in Bahr Dar Zuria to promote the performance of improved forage crops planted in FTCs. Other field days will also take place in all districts during the next reporting period to promote LIVES project interventions.
In SNNP region, the project was introduced to stakeholders who participated in the consultative meeting for the LMD project. There was also participation by LIVES Regional staff in platform meetings organized by the Graduation with Resilience to Achieve Sustainable Development (GRAD) project where participants were introduced to the LIVES project. Briefings were also given to various stakeholders such as the Regional BoA, Zonal administrators, Universities and the Regional agricultural research centers about the project objectives, goals, strategy and approach.
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Discussions were held in Tigray with GIZ and Farm Africa to introduce the LIVES project and explore possible collaboration. Meetings also took place with TARI livestock researchers about LIVES’ livestock and irrigated crops development interventions in Tigray. New ideas were promoted with dairy and poultry investors as well as cooperatives.
In Oromia distribution of IPMS publications was discussed with AGP-Oromia during the reporting period.
In addition to these regional linkages, LIVES established linkages with ILRI implemented projects in Ethiopia i.e. AfricaRISING, the BMZ funded FeedSeed project and ILRI’s CRP 3.7.
AfricaRISING is currently conducting research on production and value chain interventions in the 4 Regions (1 district in each Region). Assistance has been provided by LIVES for value chain mapping/assessment of selected livestock commodities in the selected Districts. The GIS methodology for delineation of dairy and butter production areas was also introduced. In addition, the “Guidelines on market oriented extension” were provided to AfricaRISING staff.
The FeedSeed project will provide and transfer the technical and business knowledge & skills needed to develop sustainable forage seed systems to enable forage integration into livestock farming systems to help poor farmers adapt to climate change. The project will stimulate and support development of forage crop seed businesses which sell forage seed to poor livestock keepers. The project will collaborate with LIVES on assessment of feed supply systems and developing seed production by farmers and groups.
The CRP 3.7 project in Ethiopia is focusing on community based selection/breeding of small ruminants in various sites, one of which coincides with a LIVES project site (Atsbi). Lessons learned on small ruminants value chain development will be exchanged with LIVES.
Linkages with AgriProfocus are continuing by participation in working groups/committees on gender mainstreaming and agri-business finance. Discussions have also been held with the AGP focused Livestock Marketing Development (LMD) and the EDGET projects to share ideas and complement each other’s activities.
1330 – Promotional activities – Regional, National & International
At HQ, a poster about the LIVES project was prepared and presented at ILRI’s Annual Program Meeting (APM) and other events that followed. A greeting card for the Ethiopian New Year was also prepared and distributed (hard copies as well as electronic ones).
The Ethiopian Society of Animal Production held its 21st annual conference from August 28 – 30, 2013 in Addis Ababa and during this conference LIVES had a presentation on the project’s knowledge management strategy & approach. A number of LIVES staff from headquarters as well as the Regions participated in this conference. Also, an abstract on “LIVES Dairy value chain development: distinguishing between fluid milk and butter channels” was prepared and presented during this conference.
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In Amhara region, plans are in place to celebrate the School Milk Day in collaboration with the AGP’s Livestock Market Development (LMD) project in Bahr Dar & Gondar during the next reporting period.
In SNNP region, the project was introduced to stakeholders who participated in the consultative meeting for the LMD project.
In Tigray region, LIVES staff participated in a number of events such as the regional conference for soil and water research and Open Forum for Agricultural and Rural Development meeting.
Discussions were held about the LIVES approach with stakeholders in Oromia. Further discussions also took place to ensure alignment of work plans with partners. A site visit by gender staff from ILRI’s CPR 3.7 took place during this reporting period. The World School Milk day successfully took place in Oromia and various international & government organizations were partially responsible for the sponsorship of the event. The project staff also participated in farmers’ field days and other events organized by different organizations.
At headquarters, presentations were made about the LIVES project to a visiting group of students from Iowa University as well as from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Global Health Field Course. LIVES was also represented in a RED&FS meeting on “Integration of a New Livestock, Pastoralism Component within the RED&FS Structure”.
Participation in external events attended by LIVES staff are detailed on Annex 6.
Two papers were published during the reporting period:
Gebremedhin Woldewahid, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Dirk Hoekstra and Azage Tegegne 2013. Moving towards resilient farming in northern Ethiopia. International Journal for Rural Development, vol.47 (2): 40-42, 2013
Gebremedhin Woldewahid, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Dirk Hoekstra, Azage Tegegne and Dawit Woldemariam. 2013. Market oriented beekeeping development: A nexus within the rural-urban value chain actors. This publication has been accepted as a poster presentation and assumed to be published as conference paper in TROPENTAG 2013 workshop, Germany
A paper entitled “Knowledge management and use of ICTs for market oriented agricultural development in Ethiopia” has been submitted for the Technical Center for Agricultural & Rural Cooperation’s (CTA) ICT4Ag meeting which will take place in Kigali, Rwanda in November 2013. The LIVES Knowledge Management & Communications Expert will attend this meeting and present the paper.
1340 – Content of EAP further developed/expanded
During the reporting period, options for upgrading the EAP were presented and discussed with the KM4Dev peer assist group. In addition, several manuals and documents were uploaded on the EAP where 3,976 visits were recorded during the reporting period.
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1350 – Video, radio programs on interventions, VC approaches & lessons learned, prepared and broadcasted
Discussions are underway with Farm Radio International (FRI) regarding a proposal they submitted to LIVES.
2100 Increased Availability of Value Chain Interventions in Project Areas Increased access to improved gender sensitive and environmentally sustainable VC interventions by (♀♂) livestock and irrigation agriculture VC actors and input/service suppliers in the project areas
Identification/refinement of value chain interventions continued during this reporting period and interventions were operationalized based on scrutiny of situations on the ground. In the process, key input/service suppliers and value chain actors were identified for implementation of the first year intervention plan.
Key production interventions included introduction and management of fodder and improved fruits and vegetables varieties and improved crop and livestock management.
Important input/service interventions focused on production of key inputs such as forage seeds/planting materials in FTCs and private farms as well as the establishment of and or improvement of private fruit seedling nurseries.
Teams assessed the various marketing channels for the targeted products and initiated/improved linkages with producers.
2110 – Value chains, target areas, actors and service providers identified
At headquarters, guidelines were prepared for regional teams to target project activities (areas, actors & service providers) in the first year. In addition, GIS maps and guidelines were prepared for regional teams to identify fluid milk and butter production areas.
These guidelines were used by the Regional teams which resulted in the selection of target PAs for production interventions (including production of inputs) as well as the identification and initial assessment of other value chain actors and service providers in each District/Zone/Region. Whenever possible, teams tried to cluster first year Peasant Associations (PA) considering a watershed development framework.
2120 – Value chain interventions identified and reviewed
The proposed value chain interventions for the selected commodities were reviewed in the zonal workshops held in year 1. Regional teams, assisted by HQ staff, organized individual meetings/field visits with district/zonal staff and other value chain actors to discuss/refine and schedule interventions for the intervention areas (see 2110). Also, livestock and irrigated commodity 14 platforms were organized to discuss/review interventions (see 1330). Refinements of initial interventions are discussed in 2130.
2130 – Potential value chain interventions introduced
In the past six months, LIVES staff, in partnership with the focal persons and District, PA level staff started with the introduction of the following interventions for the prioritized commodities.
Dairy value chain Dairy value chain development is targeted for 8 of the selected Zones, i.e. Central and Eastern Tigray, North Gonder, South Wollo and West Gojjam in Amhara Region, East and West Shoa in Oromia and Sidama in SNNPRS. Interventions have been started in all 8 Zones.
Emphasis in the first six months, which coincided with the rainy season, was put on targeting on- farm-fodder production interventions including the introduction of improved grasses (Elephant grass, Desho, Guatamala and Rhodes) and legumes (Desmodium, Sesbania sesban, Tree Lucerne, Vetch, Lablab, Cow pea). The introduction also included the identification of sources of planting materials from research and private suppliers. Planting took place on field boundaries, back yard plots, gullies, irrigation channels and river banks. Production of irrigated fodder is discussed separately. The number of farmers involved is shown in Table 3 (coaching and mentoring). Besides farmers plot, species were also demonstrated on FTCs.
Table 4 List of FTCs in which demonstration activities were conducted
Region District Demonstrated technologies SNNP 5 FTCs Fodder & Fruits Desho grass, Alfalfa, Elephant grass, Guatemala grass, apple Amhara 13 FTCs Forage Alfalafa, Cowpea, Desho, Lablab, Napier grass, Oats, Pigeon pea, Rhodes, Sesbania, Vetch Oromia 15 FTCs Forage Oats, Vetch, Sesbania, Bee flora seeds, Alfalfa, Napier grass, Cowpea, Lablab
In areas where fodder species were already introduced, attention was paid to the proper management and utilization of these fodder species – it was observed that most species were underutilized. In communal grazing areas, enrichment planting with grasses was introduced in North Gonder. In Tigray, the concept of restricted grazing in communal grazing areas was introduced to new locations. Also, the use of urea fertilizer to stimulate growth in grazing land was introduced.
LIVES is also exploring the possibilities of introducing commercially available small choppers for preparing crop residues and hay as well as to make silage.
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Fertility management of cows was also highlighted, since calving intervals are 2 years or longer in several locations. It was stressed that dairy cows, can be targeted for insemination/mating 2 to 3 months after calving in order to increase annual calf crop and milk production per household. A pre-condition for such a strategy is that sufficient feed resources are available/have been developed.
Attention was also paid to establishment of producers of forage seeds and planting materials in selected areas, including production of forage seeds in FTCs (see Table 3).
The mass insemination programs in the LIVES districts have been discussed/harmonized with the scaling out programs developed by the regional/zonal partner livestock institutions.
The concentrate feed supply system in the Zones was assessed and it was found that dairy mixes were not available, except in a few locations in Sidama, West Gojjam and North Gonder. In the other zones, only ingredients for dairy mixes were commercially sold. It was interesting to note that a female farmer, who had participated in the LIVES zonal stakeholder meeting in Sidama Zone had taken up the initiative to bring and sell dairy mix in “her” District. Linkages were also created between dairy farmers and feed suppliers.
Potential outlets for milk collection/processing were identified in Adwa, West Shoa, South Wollo and Sidama and linkages were discussed during platform meetings. Butter market actors were identified in some Zones, notably Sidama, and possibilities to improve efficiency and market functioning will be explored. Linkages have been created with the Livestock Marketing Development (LMD) project to explore possibilities to create synergies for processing/marketing of dairy products.
Large ruminants (beef) value chains Large ruminants’ value chain development has been targeted for 4 Zones i.e. West Gojjam, North Gondar, East Shoa and Gamo Gofa. Work has been started in all Zones.
Production interventions focused on the short term fattening of oxen/male animals. In discussions with farmers, traders and livestock agency staff, new “fattening” opportunities emerged. In West Gojjam and North Gonder fattening of cross breed male calves (dairy beef) has started and can be supported with technical advice by LIVES. In Gamo Gofa, market group fattening of young bulls, may be initiated for the export market in some Middle Eastern countries.
The fodder interventions proposed for dairy development (including improved input supply and grazing area improvement) will also be used for large ruminants.
Appropriate feeding and shelter for fattening was stimulated. In areas where bananas are introduced e.g. Gama Gofa, West Goijam, North Gonder, possibilities of feeding banana (waste) were discussed and may require follow up feeding research by associated programs. The number of farmers receiving direct support in large ruminants fattening is shown in Table 3.
The concentrate feed supply system in the Zones was assessed and it was found that fattening mixes were not available – only ingredients (mainly wheat bran) were commercially sold. The
16 project is exploring the possibilities of introducing small scale feed mills and mixers, to produce feed based on locally available materials.
Potential markets for fattened animals were identified by the team and possibilities for starting marketing groups were discussed to attract traders. Linkages have been created with the Livestock Marketing Development (LMD) project to explore possibilities to create synergies for marketing large ruminants.
Small ruminants (meat) value chain Small ruminants’ value chain development has been targeted for 6 Zones i.e. Eastern Tigray, South Wollo, West Shoa, Jimma, Gamo Gofa and Sidama. Contacts with small ruminants’ value chain actors have been made in all Zones.
Production interventions focused on short term fattening of sheep and goats with supplementary feeding. The fodder interventions proposed for dairy development (including improved input supply and grazing area improvement) will also be used for the small ruminants. The number of farmers receiving directly support in small ruminants fattening is shown in Table 3.
To improve the supply of improved breeds, community based selection of best performing rams has been planned for Atsbi District (Eastern Tigray) in partnership with ICARDA. In South Wollo, plans have been developed to introduce better performing rams (local breeds X Awassi – 25%). To speed up the use of such rams, plans have been developed to use hormonal estrus synchronization of local ewes, after which controlled natural hand mating with the rams can take place.
Assessment of the feed supply system for small ruminants also showed that only some ingredients were sold locally. The project is exploring the possibilities of introducing small scale feed mills and mixers, to produce fattening mix for small ruminants from locally available feed resources.
Potential markets for fattened animals were identified by the team and possibilities for starting marketing groups were discussed. Linkages have been created with the Livestock Marketing Development (LMD) project to explore possibilities to create synergies for small ruminants marketing.
Poultry (eggs and broiler) value chain Poultry value chain development is targeted for 7 Zones - Central Tigray, West Gojjam, North Gondar, East Shoa, Jimma, Gamo Gofa and Sidama. Interventions have started in all 7 Zones.
A distinction has been made between semi-commercial specialized poultry production in and around urban areas and rural poultry production.
Semi-commercial poultry producers (individuals/youth groups) were identified in Central Tigray, North Gonder, West Gojjam, Jimma and Gamo Gofa. Most producers focused on egg production from pullets obtained from research stations. Broiler production has been started on an experimental basis in Tigray and by (female) farmers in West Gojjam and North Gondar. Producers’ capacity was found to be limited and advice was provided on feeding, housing, cannibalism and sex ratio. A commercial poultry association was started in West Gojjam, including members from North Gonder.
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A critical issue to be addressed in the next 6 months is the supply of improved day old chicks/pullets for egg production and/or broilers. LIVES will therefore start with testing the use of a newly developed incubator.
Supply of veterinary services, especially for vaccination of day old chicks varied considerably between the different Zones. An innovative arrangement was observed in Central Tigray, where vaccines were supplied by a commercial day old chick supplier in Mekelle. Farmers in other Zones purchased vaccines from NVI in DebreZeit. Vaccinations are usually conducted by staff from the Office of Agriculture.
Supply of concentrate feed also varied considerably between Zones. Some producers had linkages with commercial feed producers in DebreZeit or local agencies established by these companies. In Tigray, appropriate feed was supplied by the company which supplied the day old chicks. Linkages with commercial companies will be developed further.
Marketing of broilers and eggs has so far not experienced major problems, however formal arrangements with institutional customers in urban centers need to be strengthened/developed to avoid future problems.
Local poultry value chain development in rural areas has been assessed to determine major marketing channels (for cocks, pullets, eggs) and potential interventions geared to reducing mortality of young chickens. Focus will be on advising local chicken owners to expand the number of chickens kept and reducing mortality as a result of attacks by rodents and predators. Introduction of appropriate housing (hay box, movable pen) and feeding has/will be emphasized. Discussions have been held with ILRI/EIAR to introduce better performing local breeds presently selected in EIAR DebreZeit station. The number of farmers receiving directly support or poultry development is shown in Table 3.
Apiculture value chain Apiculture value chain development has been targeted for 5 zones i.e. Eastern Tigray, Central Tigray, South Wollo, West Shoa and Jimma.
Production interventions included advice on hive management. In Central Tigray introduction of transitional hives to compliment the already introduced frame hive in order to produce wax. Also bee forage was introduced on several farms (see Table3).
Colony production has been initiated in South Wollo.
No major marketing problems have been experienced yet.
Irrigated Fruits value chain Irrigated fruit value chain development has been targeted for all 10 Zones.
Production interventions include introduction and management of improved varieties on selected farms including avocado, mango, banana and apple. Particular attention has been paid to the introduction of bananas in North Gonder, West Goijam and South Wollo. In Goma Gofa Zone, possibilities of introduction of new banana varieties with the help of tissue culture are being explored. 18
Farmers and youth groups have been identified to start/improve nurseries for the future supply of improved grafted seedlings. It has been observed that skills/knowledge on nursery management is well advanced in South Wollo (especially Kalu District), Sidama Zone and Eastern Tigray Zone (Atsbi) and use will be made of such skilled producers to build capacity of seedling producers in other locations. The number of farmers receiving direct support on fruit development is shown in Table 3.
Supply and maintenance of irrigation equipment in some of the target zones was assessed rapidly and advice on linkages was provided. A more thorough assessment of the system at National, Regional and Zonal level is scheduled and will be conducted by IWMI in order to develop an improved supply and maintenance system.
Marketing of existing fruits, especially bananas in Arba Minch was assessed, since the fruit market is monopolistic in nature and results in farmers being price takers. To break this state, one of the cooperatives had recently started developing its own ripening and retail system in Hawassa city with the help of an SNV project. Linkages with this project have been made to create synergies for the marketing of bananas.
Future marketing of bananas in the selected Districts of North Gondar will be linked with efforts to develop a ripening and retail system for bananas grown in Metema.
Irrigated vegetables value chain Irrigated vegetable value chain development has been targeted for all 10 Zones. A start has been made in some Zones, by identifying major producers (irrigation schemes) and value chain actors including irrigation pump suppliers/maintenance providers. IWMI conducted assessments of irrigation schemes in Amhara and Tigray Regions. Most interventions are targeted for the dry season; however nursery activities were started in a few sites. The number of farmers receiving directly support in vegetable development is shown in Table 3.
Irrigated fodder value chain Irrigated fodder production with Alfalfa including seed production has been initiated by farmers in Tigray, North Gonder and Sidama.
Possibilities of harvesting green fodder from cereal crops grown in irrigated areas (as a rotation crop) will also be explored in combination with silage making.
Credit Potential credit institutions in each of the Zones/District were identified with the help of the project’s agri-business expert. A start was also made with a preliminary cost benefit analysis for selected interventions. Forms are presently being developed to record cost/benefit data for agribusinesses.
A proposal from an NGO called the “Glimmer of Hope” intended to provide credit for value chain interventions in one of the Districts in Central Tigray was reviewed and commented upon. Funds will be channeled through Saving & Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) and are expected to become available in January.
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Environment A watershed framework is used in several clustered Districts/PAs to introduce irrigation and other interventions to balance supply and demand of water. IWMI identified the need for hydrological studies and improved institutional arrangements to regulate the use of water. Watershed development in Tigray will focus on the effect of the expansion of shallow wells/irrigated agriculture on ground water resources. The irrigation schemes in Gamogofa and Sidama zones are located in watersheds which have been seriously affected by land degradation, resulting in reduced water availability downstream. The watershed approach enables the integration of the various livestock and irrigated agriculture interventions and meetings will be organized by the water user associations to develop an environmentally sustainable intervention plan.
Discussions were held with farmers in Kolashara PA (Gamogofa zone) on ground water development and effect of salinity. The discussion focused on the development of ground water, the impact of salinity and on measures to be taken to tackle the problems. Farmers compared and contrasted the current reality with the situation that prevailed some years ago and explained their views as to why such conditions are worsening steadily. Some also explained that farmlands towards the lake have started to be engulfed by the lake and ground water and trees have started dying. Some farmers witnessed that it was uncommon in their locality to use soil to feed their cattle (mineral supplement), but they use it now since it contains a lot of salt. Given the fact that many households in Arba Minch Zuria and Mirab Abaya districts are using water from Lake Abaya, a salinity test of the water was done. The results showed that the lake water is saline which could have a negative environmental effect on the soil. Further soil assessment is recommended to be done to create awareness on the future implications of the ongoing activities.
Quite a number of meetings were held in 4-kebeles of Mirab Abaya woreda (Gamogofa zone) to discuss water management issues. It was agreed to organize more meetings whereby 12 PAs (comprised of the PA’s executive committees, the cabinet and members of the water user associations) in a cluster of 3 to 5 kebeles participate in one meeting in order to pinpoint the major challenges associated with water management and its environmental implications. Water management committees will be established in these follow up meetings. The zonal LIVES and Woreda Agricultural offices have been given the responsibility to follow up the matter and facilitate the meetings.
During the introduction process, and in discussions with partners, it was emphasized that transmission of crop diseases (especially fungal ones) can result from the use of externally produced inputs like fruit seedlings, forage and vegetable seeds. Also, disease transmission within a field may be stimulated as a result of improper use of tools. Use of appropriate sanitary inspection procedures and sterilization procedures of equipment will be encouraged to reduce these environmental risks.
Animal production in urban/peri-urban settings (poultry and dairy) resulted in some complaints by neighbors because of smell and noise “pollution”. These issues will be discussed with authorities with a view of relocating some of these enterprises.
In areas where biogas production has been installed with support from the government and NGOs, LIVES has finalized preparation to introduce electricity production using biogas run generators. In 20 addition, to curb the production of excess biogas (also explore the possibility of marketing of excess biogas), the use of biogas bags for storage and transport will be tested.
In Tigray, forage interventions have been planted in the farm bunds, gullies and river banks. The forage planted in the gullies bunds helps to stabilize gullies and reduce erosion. The established forage across the gullies also helped the development of other floras in between the forage plants. This is a contribution to enrich the biodiversity of the sites. The forage planted in the river banks is expected to contribute to the reduction of the overflow of the river to the farmlands and reduce erosion hazards. The forage planted in the farm bunds is expected to improve crop performance and reduce moisture loss due to winds. The farm lands also benefit from N-fixation of legume shrubs and dropping of fruit and forage plant parts that can decompose in the soil.
The forage grasses in the gullies, river banks and farm bunds are also expected to reduce runoff and increase infiltration as well as surface and groundwater enrichment. The forage in the farm bunds are expected to harbor pests such as rodents. But proper harvest and use of the forage for livestock feed will expect to reduce the harboring of the pests. The cover of forage plants serves as retention and detention of runoff of water around the farmlands.
The planting of grafted fruits around farm bunds is expected to reduce raindrop splash, keep the soil under shade and relatively moist. The stay green fruits contribute to ecological stability and use water that is unavailable for vegetables and cereals.
In Mecha district of Amhara region, elephant grass was planted on gullies to demonstrate the role of elephant grass for gully stabilization and the possibility of feed production on gullies. Similarly, in Lay Armacho district elephant grass was planted on 18 ha of degraded grazing land in order to strengthen physical soil and water conservation structures as well as to enhance its rehabilitation process. In Tehuldere district, different forage crops were planted on physical soil and water conservation structures in order to demonstrate the possibility of feed production on bunds/terraces as well as to strengthen physical soil and water conservation structures.
The LIVES project also planted bananas on the periphery of Lake Tana at Robit Bata PA of Bahir Dar Zuria district. The purpose of this activity was to demonstrate the performance of improved banana varieties. However, it also serves to demonstrate the importance of growing tree crops like banana as buffers to reduce siltation of the lake. Most farmlands are depleted due to the growing of a few cereal crops every year. The LIVES project is demonstrating growing of leguminous or nitrogen fixing forage crops such as vetch and alfalfa on the farmlands in Lay Armacho, Dembiya, Bahir Dar Zuria, Yilmana Densa, Tehuledere, and Dessie Zuria districts. This activity contributes to improve the fertility of farmlands. Therefore, most of the project interventions in the region consider the rehabilitation of the degraded natural resources and sustainable use of the available natural resources.
Gender A practical gender training manual is currently being finalized in collaboration with IWMI & ILRI’s Capacity Development Unit. The content of this training manual includes materials used during the training for LIVES staff that took place in August 2013.
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During the reporting period, a field visit took place to West Shoa Zone to monitor the involvement of male and female farmers in dairy, irrigated agriculture and to assess the interaction of private dairy and apiculture farmers with small holders, particularly women. Discussions were held on gender mainstreaming efforts in the agriculture sector with Extension Agents, Women’s Affairs Bureau Heads and experts in Ejere District and Ambo Zone. The LIVES Regional and Zonal Coordinators and the LIVES Focal Person in West Shoa zone were part of this monitoring activity. Backstopping took place by the project’s Gender Expert while the West Shoa Zonal Coordinator conducted a one day training organized at the Ejere district LIVES Knowledge Center to discuss gender issues with key partners and also areas of collaboration at zonal and district levels.
Efforts were made to ensure representation from the Regional Women’s Affairs Offices in the LIVES Regional Project Implementation Committee (RPIC). Discussions were held with the West Shoa Zone Children, Youth and Women’s Affairs Office head and experts about the possibility of partners accessing information from the KC. The LIVES Zonal Coordinator, LIVES Focal Person and Children, Youth and Women’s Affairs office agreed to work on suitable schedules to enable their staff to use the knowledge center. A meeting was held with a private input supplier, service provider and private farm owner (Ato Gadisa Gobena) to explore possibilities of availing affordable services for male and female smallholders. It was agreed that 40% of future trainees among smallholder farmers will be female.
Various female value chain actors were identified as part of the interventions process and care will be taken to include them in training and coaching/mentoring activities. In Amhara region, 1,040 households targeted for livestock and irrigation agriculture interventions, of which 35 to 40% were female farmers drawn from both FHH and MHH. As part of the capacity building aspect of the project’s interventions, an action plan on gender mainstreaming training for key zonal and district level partners has been prepared and shared with zonal coordinators and the gender expert at LIVES HQ. The LIVES zonal office in South Wollo zone discussed the constraints facing women to actively participate in each value chain development. In the meantime, an agreement has been made with the district and zonal OoA and Livestock Agency to maintain the percentage of women participating in value chain development within the range of 35 to 40%. One of the strategies devised to enhance gender equity across value chains is to engage key partners and decision makers in gender awareness creation sessions and interactive dialogues on gender issues involved along the major value chain nodes. In some cases, around Dessie and Kombolcha towns, the number of women who participated in dairy, small ruminant and vegetable (tomato and onion) and poultry fall between 60-70%. In addition, women involved in pullet and egg production in Yilmanadensa and Bahr dar Zuria woredas were given practical management system support and linkage of poultry production with market outreaches.
In South Gojjam zone, grazing land management (zero grazing system) and their social dimension, introducing functional bylaws to ensure also gender equity and creating equal access to female and male smallholders to communal grazing areas is an intervention in progress. In North Gonder, in Dembia and Laey Armacho districts, 50% of the beneficeries in poultry and dairy production are female farmers from both male headed and female headed households. In Mecha district, three
22 model female farmers participated in a value chain development platform meeting and are considered to be role models by the other female smallholders and their male counterparts as well.
In Oromia, more than 20% of smallholders participated in commodity platforms in the region particularly in Ejere, Ada Berga and Metarobi where there were female smallholder farmers. In value chains such as dairy, the level of participation of female smallholders is about 30%. With regard to irrigation value chains, more than 26% of those who had access to forage genetic material for multiplication and those who were involved in fruit nursery production and back yard orchard farming in West Shoa Zone were female smallholders. Smallholder men and women are also linked to private apple seed producers and commercial farmers. One gender focal person at district and zonal level is involved in the e-reader based action research (see 2230).
Gender in agricultural value chain related materials were uploaded on the e-readers for the benefit of extension service providers to maintain gender inclusive value chain development and governance.
In Jimma and West Shoa Zones, LIVES organized discussions with the involvement of the Children, Youth and Women Affairs Offices on the level of participation of women farmers in irrigation agriculture, dairying and tried to identify major constraints and possible alternatives to improve gender equity. In East Shoa, LIVES team members facilitated FGD sessions on poultry value chain as part of the gender mainstreaming workshop organized in Adama from August 19 to 22, 2013. The FGD participants were divided into male only, female only and mixed groups mainly with a view to test LIVES Gender Analysis tools. The workshop participants shared the gender disaggregated results of the gender analysis at the end of the FGD session and further improved the tools to be used across all LIVES intervention areas. About 50% of the FGD session participants from the two PAs of Lome district in West Shoa zone were female farmers.
In the SNNP Region, LIVES held discussions with male and female input suppliers, fruit and vegetable marketing primary cooperative members, Arba Minch Agricultural, Gamo Gofa Zone Plant Protection Office, Chenomile fruits and fodder seeds multiplication Centre, Chamo Poultry producers group, Egna Neww Mayet Small Ruminant Producers Group and with individual farmer engaged in improved mango and forage producing farmers. Of those who participated in the discussion, female representation was more than 29% out of the total number of participants. Female and male farmers were involved in the project familiarization meeting in the SNNP Region where more than 22% of the participants were female smallholders from male and female headed households. With regard to linkage with institutions representing gender empowerment issues, the LIVES SNNP Regional Team visited the regional and Sidama zonal offices of Gender Mainstreaming and Empowering Departments. The team also discussed the major objectives and areas of interventions of LIVES for officials and experts of the regions and zones. LIVES staff are working closely with Ocholo Lante Fruit and Vegetable Marketing Cooperatives in the SNNP region where 50 of the members are female smallholders out of the total 279 members of the cooperative. There is discussion within LIVES to gather lessons from male and female members regarding opportunities, constraints and innovative lessons learnt with regard to maintaining equal access and control of resources for male and female members.
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In Central Tigray zone, Laelay Migaria Tsemeri PA in Ahferom district, 220 grafted Mango seedlings were planted by 21 farmers of which 5 were female smallholders. In Adwa district, Bet Hans PA, 28 farmers (22M/6F) and 7 experts (6M/1F) were involved in forage development training as part of the capacity building efforts of LIVES in the region. In Eastern Tigray zone, in Ruba Feleg PA, grafted apple seedlings were planted by 15 male and 1 female farmer. LIVES also held discussions on land preparation with 13 male and 7 female farmers who were interested in growing forage and planting fruits. In Laelay Maitchew and Adwa Districts 100 farmers were involved in a discussion held to establish a free grazing corridor. 14 of the participants in the discussion were female farmers.
In the Central Zone of Tigray, 100 farmers were involved in improved irrigated fruit and forage management training of which 14 of the participants were female smallholders. Similarly, 27 farmers were involved in the same training from Eastern Tigray Zone of which 5 were female smallholders. Also, 272 Guava seedlings were planted by 99 farmers 5 of whom are female smallholders. In central zone of Tigray, capacity development for SMS, DAs and farmers on forage and fruit were conducted. In terms of the gender composition of those who participated in the capacity building activity, of the 19 SMS and DAs 2, were female. In addition:
Women participation was ensured in the commodity platform members (farmers, traders and private service providers). For instance about 50% of the commodity producers and some commodity traders such as butter and petty vegetables in the commodity value chain platforms were women. One of the private vet service providers (vet graduate women) is a member of the commodity platform in Ahferom district Women participation in capacity and value chain development of improved fruits and forage were ensured From the MSc fellowship awards about 50% were women The regional BoARD gender focal person was included as a member of the Regional Project Implementation Committee (RPIC)
For gender mainstreaming in market oriented livestock and irrigated crops development, the project’s approach has been assisting and capacitating the targeted household members with practical fruit and forage development skills in the field. Thus new skills and knowledge will be an ‘asset of the household member’ rather than targeting the household heads. In this approach, the access of women household members (women and girls in male and female headed households) has been ensured. This means that about 50% of the household members have access to improved skills on market oriented commodity developments. This approach will continue with all commodities development interventions.
In the field, we define women participation and empowerment pathways. These pathways include:
Ensuring participation and representation of women as members of organized groups in the clusters of commodity interventions Providing continuous skill development while working in the field or in cultural gatherings on improved value chain development Ensuring that improved skills and knowledge will be an asset of the household members (50% women) 24
All LIVES Zones in the four intervention regions have prepared ToRs to conduct gender trainings for key partners and also to carry out gender analysis along with commodities/value chain nodes.
In terms of gender mainstreaming and partnership building, the LIVES Gender Expert was involved with ILRI’s CRP 3.7 staff to work on a potential project from the World Bank to carry out research in four PAs with the objective of designing gender self-determination and empowerment pathways. The pilot gender self-determination and empowerment tools will be tested in four value chain projects located in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia. See Annex 6 for details of participation in events.
Close working relationships have been established with the ATA to share documents translated into local languages, to link the ATA with IWMI, CRP 3.7 and also distribute the ATA’s Annual Report, and Gender Training Manuals for DAs.
2140 – Demonstration materials for value chain interventions provided
The project identified sources for forage seeds/planting materials, grafted fruit trees, and improved vegetable seeds and made them available for the pilot farmers and FTCs.
As mentioned in the previous section, equipment for chopping, feed mills and mixing and hatchery are being assessed and are expected to be introduced for testing in the remaining part of the year.
2200 Increased Documentation of Project Results/Lessons Increased number of gender sensitive and environmentally sustainable documented project generated results and lessons learned for (♀♂) VC actors and service providers in project areas and beyond
During this reporting period, environmental assessments of major commodities were initiated in the Regions with inputs from HQ staff. In addition, proposals submitted by IWMI were also reviewed and commented upon. In addition, HQ staff provided supervision to a PhD student (Lemlem Aregu) who is working on ‘Gender related community based grazing land management institutions’.
2210 – Research priorities identified and reviewed annually
Diagnostic and action research priorities have been identified in collaboration with IWMI and federal & regional research institute staff. National research coordination teams have also been established. A focal person for each team has been assigned from the national research system and each team has been preparing concept notes for the priority diagnostic research areas for each of the livestock and irrigation value chains. A national meeting to review the concept notes has been planned for November 11-15, 2013 at the Headquarters of the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR).
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2220 – Diagnostic studies completed
A draft diagnostic study report on butter value chain has been produced. Butter is an important source of income for rural households, especially for those who reside far from towns. A PhD study on gender related institutional arrangements of communal grazing land management is underway.
2230 – Action studies completed
During this reporting period, HQ staff have been working on the development of an action research project for the use of e-readers. A study on the efficiency of these e-book readers in improving knowledge and skills of extension experts was initiated. Users of these e-readers will be asked to fill in a baseline questionnaire and an assessment will be done after six months and again, after 12 months on the use and efficiency of the e-readers for extension workers.
2240 – Commodity impact studies completed
In preparation for the household level baseline data for project impact evaluation, draft household and community level instruments have been prepared. A one day review of the first draft instrument was done. The instrument was revised based on the inputs provided by LIVES and IWMI staff. A second draft was also prepared and reviewed by LIVES and IWMI staff and the instrument is being field tested. Gender issues have been integrated in the questionnaire.
2250 – Project RBM
Preparations to conduct the household level baseline survey are currently being finalized.
Project management
Reports Project staff have been documenting day to day activities and have submitted weekly and monthly reports. These reports are prepared by project pillar – capacity development, knowledge management, promotion, value chain development & documentation/research.
Recruitment of Staff During this reporting period, several staff members came on board while the recruitment process for the remaining vacant positions has been initiated.
The following staff members have been recruited during this reporting period:
HQ:
Agribusiness Expert Results Based Monitoring & Evaluation Expert
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Research Officer
Regions:
Regional Coordinator, Livestock – SNNP Regional Coordinator, Irrigated Crops – Amhara Regional Expert, Irrigated Crops – SNNP Research Assistant – Amhara Research Assistant – SNNP Research Assistant – Tigray
Zones:
Regional Coordinators (8) – South Wollo, West Shoa, Gamo Gofa, Sidama, West Gojjam, North Gondar, Central Tigray & Jimma Drivers (7) – Central Tigray, West Shoa, Sidama, South Wollo, East Shoa, West Gojjam, Gamo Gofa
Applications for the following positions are being reviewed:
Regional Expert, Irrigated Crops – Oromia Research Assistant – Oromia
Interviews for the following positions will take place during the next reporting period:
Regional Administrative Assistants Regional drivers
Establishment of Offices Tigray – Regional offices have been established in TARI with two offices (a third one to be made available soon) which have been equipped with essential furniture. Two zonal offices in Axum and Adigrat have been established and furnished with necessary office furniture.
Amhara – the project has secured two medium sized rooms from the Amhara National Regional State Food Security and Disaster Prevention Office. Similarly South Wello, North Gondar, & West Gojjam Zones now have office space from the South Wello Zone Department of Agriculture, from Gondar Agricultural Research Center, and from ANRS Food Security & Disaster Prevention Office, respectively.
SNNP – two offices have been made available at the SARI HQ in Hawassa for Regional staff and one more will be made available for the Regional Administrative Assistant. The Sidama Zonal Coordinator has not yet found an office and is in the process of finding one. The Gamo Gofa Zonal Coordinator has acquired one office. Regional & Zonal staff have been equipped with laptops, desktops, printers etc as well as furniture for their offices.
Oromia – Oromia staff (Regional Coordinator & driver at the moment) are currently housed at ILRI as office space has not yet been allocated by the Oromia Office of Agriculture due to shortage of 27 space. However, discussions are ongoing for allocation as a new building will be completed and ready for use soon.
Focal persons for the project have now been assigned in the Regions & Zones. A list of these focal persons can be found on Annex 7.
Procurement Vehicles that were ordered for the Regions & Zones have now arrived and have been dispatched to their duty stations.
Project Coordinating Team Meetings The project Coordinating Team meeting did not take place during the last reporting period since there is no representative from the Ministry of Agriculture after the departure of Dr. Edmealem Shitaye. Written requests have been submitted to the Ministry for a new representative and we are confident one will be assigned to the project soon.
Regional Project Implementation Committee (RPIC) Meetings Regional Project Implementation Committees have been formed for all 4 regions and meetings have been scheduled to take place in October & November 2013. The Tigray RPIC met in June 2013 and the agenda included welcome and introduction of RPIC members, clarification of RPIC functions, and presentation of LIVES progress in Tigray. The group also discussed the mechanisms of nominating MSc students and agreed that awards should reflect the interest of the LIVES project and the district. The RPIC held a general discussion on the achievements and the way forward. CIDA will receive invitations and programs for the meetings in the other regions.
Project Steering Committee Meeting The Project Steering Committee took a trip to Kenya from September 30 – October 4, 2013 and although a formal meeting was not held, many issues were discussed and documented during this time. Please see Annex 5 for the study tour report.
Preparation of Quarterly Financial Reports Quarterly financial reports and fund advance requests have been submitted to CIDA as scheduled.
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Annex 1: Overview of knowledge management and capacity development activities M F Tot Gov Gov Gov M F Tot M F Tot Tot Tot Tot Type of events* Start Date End Date Title Emp Emp Emp Frmrs Frmrs Farmers Private Private Private Male Female Partcpts S. Wollo Zone Commodity Linkage among value Jul 30, 2013 July 30 , 2013 10 1 11 16 6 22 4 3 7 30 10 40 Platform Meeting chain actors Commodity Linkage among value Jul 24, 2013 July 25 , 2013 9 2 11 9 4 13 1 0 1 19 6 25 Platform Meeting chain actors Commodity Linkage among value Jul 15, 2013 July 16 , 2013 11 2 13 19 2 21 1 0 1 31 4 35 Platform Meeting chain actors W. Gojjam Zone Commodity Linkage among value Sept 30, 2013 Sept 30 , 2013 17 4 21 11 1 12 6 1 7 34 6 40 Platform Meeting chain actors Commodity Linkage among value Sept 18, 2013 Sept 18 , 2013 25 1 41 10 2 12 2 1 3 37 4 41 Platform Meeting chain actors Commodity Linkage among value Sept 26, 2013 Sept 26 , 2013 21 5 26 8 2 10 5 0 5 34 7 41 Platform Meeting chain actors E. Tigray Zone Commodity Livestock & Irrigated May 20, 2013 May 20, 2013 5 1 6 17 3 20 3 3 6 25 7 32 Platform Meeting crops Commodity Livestock & Irrigated May 21, 2013 May 21, 2013 10 0 10 19 4 23 2 0 2 31 4 35 Platform Meeting crops Commodity Livestock & Irrigated May 24, 2013 May 24, 2013 15 1 16 15 3 18 0 0 0 30 4 34 Platform Meeting crops Commodity Livestock & Irrigated May 25, 2013 May 25, 2013 12 1 13 18 2 20 1 1 2 31 4 35 Platform Meeting crops Fruit development Training Jul 26, 2013 Aug 1, 2013 15 1 16 60 9 69 0 0 0 75 10 85 interventions Forage development Training Jul 22, 2013 Jul 31, 2013 33 3 36 184 28 212 0 0 0 217 31 248 interventions Livestock Research Training Sept 8, 2013 Sept 8, 2013 50 12 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 12 62 Methods Livestock Research Training Sept 10, 2013 Sept 10, 2013 50 12 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 12 62 Methods C. Tigray Zone Commodity Livestock & Irrigated May 28, 2013 May 28, 2013 17 2 19 27 5 32 7 3 10 51 10 61 Platform Meeting crops Commodity Livestock & Irrigated May 30, 2013 May 30, 2013 19 1 20 21 5 26 3 0 3 43 6 49 Platform Meeting crops
1 Commodity Livestock & Irrigated Jun 3, 2013 Jun 3, 2013 20 1 21 15 3 18 10 4 14 45 8 53 Platform Meeting crops Fruit development Training 21 2 23 228 24 252 0 0 0 249 26 275 interventions Forage development Training 13 4 17 95 18 113 0 0 0 108 22 130 interventions E. Shoa Zone Commodity Sept 19, 2013 Sept 19, 2013 Irrigation 26 1 27 27 Platform Meeting Commodity Sept 20, 2013 Sept 20, 2013 Livestock 22 2 24 24 Platform Meeting Farmers’ Field Bekele FTC Forage Sept 20, 2013 Sept 20, 2013 250 30 280 280 Day Demonstration Commodity Sept 23, 2013 Sept 23, 2013 Irrigation 16 4 20 20 Platform Meeting Farmers’ Field Nanaowa FTC Forage Sept 24, 2013 Sept 24, 2013 280 50 330 330 Day Demonstration Commodity Sept 24, 2013 Sept 24, 2013 Livestock 16 3 19 19 Platform Meeting Commodity Sept 25, 2013 Sept 25, 2013 Livestock 23 7 30 30 Platform Meeting Farmers’ Field Barta Sami FTC forage Sept 26, 2013 Sept 26, 2013 100 20 120 120 Day Demonstration Commodity Sept 26, 2013 Sept 26, 2013 Irrigation 19 2 21 21 Platform Meeting Farmers’ Field Jogo FTC Forage Sept 30, 2013 Sept 30, 2013 80 15 95 95 Day Demonstration Training Sept 8, 2013 Sept 8, 2013 Use of e-readers 7 2 9 9 W. Shoa Zone Commodity July 3, 2013 July 3, 2013 Livestock & Irrigation 45 22 67 67 Platform Meeting Commodity July 4, 2013 July 4, 2013 Livestock & Irrigation 60 16 76 76 Platform Meeting Commodity July 5, 2013 July 5, 2013 Livestock & Irrigation 35 13 48 48 Platform Meeting Training Sept 16, 2013 Sept 16, 2013 Use of e-readers 9 1 10 10 Gamo Gofa Zone Commodity Oct 14, 2013 Oct 14, 2013 Livestock-Arbaminch 8 5 13 5 2 7 5 0 5 18 7 25 Platform Meeting Commodity Oct 14, 2013 Oct 14, 2013 Irrigation-Arbaminch 8 2 10 11 2 13 7 3 10 26 7 33 Platform Meeting Commodity Oct 15, 2013 Oct 15, 2013 Livestock-Mirababaya 7 2 9 8 0 8 4 1 5 19 3 22 Platform Meeting
2 Commodity Oct 15, 2013 Oct 15, 2013 Irrigation-Mirababaya 4 3 7 13 0 13 0 0 0 17 3 20 Platform Meeting Training Sept 9, 2013 Sept 9, 2013 Use of e-readers 9 1 10 10 Sidama Zone Study Tour July 5, 2013 July 6, 2013 Dale Woreda KC 17 0 17 17 Training Sept 16, 2013 Sept 18, 2013 Use of e-readers 10 2 12 12 Amhara Region Forage development Study Tour practices for Bahr Dar 33 12 45 45 Zuria staff Modern Poultry Rearing Study Tour 18 47 65 65 Practices – 2 districts
3 Annex 2 - LIVES Sponsored Students
Amhara No Name Sex Zone/Woreda Preferred University Desired area of training 1 Ali Tegegne Yemer M South Wollo Zone Hawassa Animal Production 2 Ansha Ali F Kalu District Wollo Animal Production 3 Kasahun Alebachew M Kalu District Haramaya Irrigation 4 Tegegne Fentaw Shebeshe M Tehuledere Hawassa Agribusiness & Value chain 5 Berhanie Endrie Hussen F Dessie Zuria Haramaya Irrigation 6 Ayalew Mekonenn M Dessie Zuria Haramaya Animal Production 7 Moges Takele Teshale M Gondar Zuria Hawassa Animal Production 8 Tiruye Mulie Ayalew F Lay Armacheho Hawassa Irrigation Agronomy 9 Tezera Aderajew Shimekach M Lay Armacheho Bahir Dar Animal Production 10 Hana Asmamaw Kassie F Dembia Jimma Animal Production 11 Muluneh Nigatu Yosef M Dembia Jimma Horticulture 12 Solomon Seyoum Abay M Bahir Dar Zuria Jimma Value Chain 13 Shegie Getu Yayehe M Yilmana Densa Bahir Dar Horticulture 14 Asres Berhanie Tarekegn F Yilmana Densa Bahir Dar Animal Production 15 Melku Muluye Kassahun M West Gojjam Zone Bahir Dar Animal Production 16 Tariku Mesfin M Mecha Bahir Dar Animal Production 17 Demoz Kidane M North Gonder Bahir Dar University Horticulture SNNPR No Name Sex Zone/Woreda Preferred University Desired area of training 2 Metayashe Adugna F Arbaminch Zuria Hawassa Agronomy 3 Askale Dubale F Arbaminch Zuria Hawassa Animal Production 4 Etsegenet Shebiru F Mierab Abaya Haramaya Irrigation Agronomy 5 Kasu Tsegaye M Bona zuria Hawassa Animal Science 6 Ermias Bekele M Arbegona Hawassa Irrigated Agriculture 7 Mesfin Zewdu M Bensa Hawassa Livestock 8 Sebele Bekele F Bensa Hawassa Irrigated Agriculture Oromia No Name Sex Zone/Woreda Preferred University Desired area of training 1 Kedir Abdurehman Terie M Bora Hawassa Animal Production 2 Kalkidan Fikire Befikadu F Bora Hawassa - Wondo Genet Irrigation area Annex 2 - LIVES Sponsored Students
3 Ketema Getachew Asefa M Lume Hawassa Agricultural Economics 4 Almaz Abebe Hirpo F Lume Addis Ababa Animal Production & Health 5 Fikremariam Negasa M Dugda Hawassa Fisheries and Aqua Culture 6 Tesfaye Moreda Tessema M E.Shoa Hawassa Animal Production 7 Meselu Make Beyene F E.Shoa Hawassa Agricultural Irrigation 8 Sadiyyaa Hajii F OLDHA Addis Ababa, FVM Veterinary Public Health 9 Dassaleny Jarso M OLDHA Addis Ababa, FVM Veterinary Epidemiology 10 Sisay Fekadu M Oromia Region Hawassa Irrigation/Agriculture 11 Tadese Bane M Oromia Region Haramaya Irrigation/Agriculture 12 Tarike Dawit Paulos F West Shoa Zone Ambo Agronomy 13 Sinkinesh Gela Aboma F West Shoa Zone Ambo Agronomy Irrigation 14 Magarsa Abera Ayano M Ejere Jimma Animal Breeding 15 Derartu Wedajo Sedeta F Meta Robi Jimma Irrigation Agronomy 16 Sanyii Shimalis M Addis Ababa Animal Health 17 Yadeta Neme Bergaga M Meta Robi Jimma Animal Breeding 18 Abdi Assefa Chala M Adea Berga Addis Ababa, FVM Veterinary Epidemiology 19 Senait Diro Hunde F Adea Berga Ambo Plant Science 20 Wesila Muhammed Mahamud F Kersa Jimma Veterinary Medicine 21 Wandaferew Berhane Yitagese M Kersa Jimma Irrigated Crop Production 22 Fikadu Teshome Bekele M Seka Chekorsa Jimma Apiculture 23 Birtukan Belachew Ishetu F Dedo Jimma Horticulture 24 Gazali Abafaji M Dedo Jimma Veterinary Epidemiology 25 Ma'azaa Hafis F Seka Chekorsa Jimma Irrigated Crop (Agronomy) 26 Daggituu Bazabi Mosisaa F Jimma zone Jimma Livestock Production Tigray No Name Sex Zone/Woreda Preferred University Desired area of training 1 Yemane G/meskel G/michael M Ahferom Mekelle Irrigation Agronomy 2 Abrehet G/Kirstos Teklu F Adwa Mekelle Animal Production 3 Muruts Legese Webshet M Adwa Mekelle Irrigation Agronomy 4 Welday Abraha K/mariam M L/Maichew Mekelle Irrigation Agronomy 5 Haregeweyni T/eyesus Teklu F L/Maichew Mekelle Livestock Production 6 Hiluf Tesfay G/yohannes M S/T/Maichew Mekelle Watershed Management 7 Shambel Gidey Bru M G/Afeshum Mekelle Livestock Production & Pastoral Dev't Annex 2 - LIVES Sponsored Students
8 Askal Guesh Bisrat F G/Afeshum Mekelle Cooperative Marketing 9 Atakiliti Arefe M Kilte-Awlaelo Mekelle Irrigation Value Chain 10 Alembrhan Harifeyo M At/Womberta Mekelle Irrigation 11 Tewodros Hailu Belay M Central zone Mekelle Irrigated Agriculture 12 Zemeda G/michael Kidanu F Central zone Mekelle Livestock Production & Pastoral Dev't 13 Tadesse Gugsa M Region Mekelle Livestock Production & Pastoral Dev't 14 Yonas Gebre Gede M Region Mekelle Irrigated Agriculture Annex 3
ICT and Furniture distributed for each newly set up Agricultural Knowledge Center (AKC)
Quantity for No Item each Total quantity Remark ICT equipment 1 Computers 4 16 2 UPS 2 8 3 LCD projector 1 4 4 Camera 1 8 5 TV/DVD combo 1 4 7 Network cable 1 16 8 Printer 1 4 9 Tripod 1 4 10 3 com switch 1 4 Furniture 11 Library table (1x2) 1 4 Library Shelves (1.2* 12 2.0) 1 4 13 Computer chairs 4 16 14 Computer tables (80x 2 8 1.60) 15 Library chairs /KCs 6 24 IPMS publications 16 package and poster 1 4
E-Reader Recipient List
No. Region Zone District Recipient Name Gender Remark 1 SNNPR Germame geruma M 2 SNNPR Desta Gabriel M 3 SNNPR S idama A rbegona Mengistu Bankurso M 4 SNNPR Gamo gofa Mierab Abaya Nigatu Dejene Deneke M 5 SNNPR Gamo gofa Bonke Guyo demisse Anno M 6 SNNPR Gamo gofa Eitenesh Yapo F 7 SNNPR Gamo gofa B onke Demoze Ayele Betru M 8 SNNPR Gamo gofa Ahemed Arata Haile M Wondemagegn Adnew M 9 SNNPR Gamo gofa M/abaya Admassu 10 SNNPR Sidama Bensa Yoseph Bogale M 11 SNNPR Sidama Bensa Mesfin Leddu Abesha M 12 SNNPR Sidama Bona zuriya Yismaw Tadesse M 13 SNNPR Sidama Bona zuriya Tekesta Tole Metto M 14 SNNPR sidama Arbegona Ermias Bekele Melka M 15 SNNPR Belaynesh Gelaye F 16 SNNPR S idama Aklilu Bekuka M 17 SNNPR Sidama Bayush Bizunh F 18 Oromia W/shoa Bogale Kefeni M 19 Oromia E/shoa Motuma Tolossa M 20 Oromia E/shoa L ume Dawit Assegid M 21 Oromia E/shoa Bora Misrak Ketema F 22 Oromia E/shoa Lume Aster Hailu F 23 Oromia E/shoa Abera Dinku Nedi M 24 Oromia E/shoa D ugda Wolde Ebsa Bedane M 25 Oromia E/shoa Getachaw Jima M 26 Oromia E/shoa B ora Feyisa Werana Figa M 27 Oromia E/shoa Dugda Seida Hossen Yimame F 28 Oromia W/shoa Ejere Megersa abera Ayano M 29 Oromia W/shoa Meta robi Bayissa Abdissa Bulto M 30 Oromia W/shoa Meta robi Yadeta Neme Bergaga M 31 Oromia W/shoa Bogale kefeni yadesa M 32 Oromia W/shoa A daberga Berhanu Tolesa Amanu M 33 Oromia W/shoa Adaberga Gadisa Tolesa Kenani M 34 Oromia W/shoa Mesay Eniyew Buba F 35 Oromia W/shoa Negawo Lemma Bulti M 36 Oromia W/shoa Ejere Legesse Kibebe M 37 Oromia W/shoa Addisu Abera M LIVES zonal coordinator
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38 SNNPR Sidama Tesfaye Shewage M LIVES zonal coordinator 39 SNNPR Gamo gofa Tesfaye Dubale M LIVES zonal coordinator 40 SNNPR Gamo gofa Biruk Zewede M 41 Oromia Jimma Gemeda Duguma M LIVES zonal coordinator
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Annex 5 Study Tour & Traveling Workshop, Kenya September 30 – October 4, 2013
The LIVES project organized a study tour and traveling workshop to Kenya with delegates from the Regional Bureaus of Agriculture, the Regional Research Institutes, Regional Livestock Agencies and IWMI staff (list of participants attached). The aim of the tour was to take home some lessons from Kenya’s well developed small scale Horticulture and Dairy industries.
September 30th, 2013
Expectations
At the start of the study tour, the group revealed that they expected to see the following over the next few days:
How households were benefitting from banana (model farming) Crop extension & irrigation. Kenyan small holders and how different they are from their Ethiopian counterparts Service providers & the export market for farmers The Value Chain approach and the awareness level of farmers of commercial produce New things but also farmers selling bananas and the presence of collective action Vegetable crops, horticulture Value Chain, and how the DAs communicate with farmers The extension system – how it works or is it there at all? Intensification & diversification and how to increase intensification in the Ethiopian system. Small scale irrigation which is important for fruits, vegetable & fodder production. Integration of the tree livestock system Napier grass, dairy Farmers’ linkages in input/output marketing Something unique especially in irrigated agriculture and dairy value chain in order to convince Ethiopian policy makers and be able to implement it No free grazing – how did they get to no zero grazing, how do they control and manage & why? Integration of the water and crop management systems. Linkage between livestock and horticulture To learn from everyone in the bus and how we can all work together Good practices in water management, and multiple use/management of water To get to know our partners better since will be working with them and also learning a lot from everyone New technologies (hardware for livestock & horticulture) and new processes (socio-economic to solve issues in the value chain)
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A stronger LIVES + partners team and have a common understanding of the implementation of the project To learn about the good experiences in value chain (dairy, horticulture) and understanding the relationship between horticulture & livestock byproducts and to share/influence decision in Ethiopia Where are we & where is Kenya? Our strengths and weaknesses and the links between livestock, crops & irrigation management What was the role of the extension service during the transformation from subsistence agriculture to commercialization? Understand how smallholders are working on irrigated horticulture crops and the linkage with the market. Integration with soil & water conservation feed and water management Production technologies
October 1st
Farm Visit – Jesse & Esther Munyua
This 4 acre farm is owned by an elderly retired couple who have dairy, bananas & maize. They believe that crops & dairy are inseparable since they use manure for fertilizer as buying it would be too expensive. They used to have normal bananas until Africa Harvest started providing them and other farmers with tissue culture banana. The NGO also helped them in marketing, accessing technical information and also linked them with financial institutions.
They use piped water inside the house and rely mainly on rain for their crops but also harvest roof water for use on the farm. Mr. Munyua told the group that when they need AI services or when the cows are sick, they call the local (private) technicians. They pay about Birr 500 equivalent per insemination. Mr. Munyua also explained that public sector extension agents never come to his farm.
Their cows are fed supplement plus hay and produce anywhere from 5 to 24 liters of milk per day which they sell at 35 shillings per liter (Birr 7/litre). They also have a chopper that they use for chopping stover and banana leaves. Male calves are sold when they are about 3 months old.
Manure goes into a pit where they also add banana stems and other waste which is then used as organic fertilizer. Some of the farmers in the area have started with biogas which is not always successful but Mr. Munyua knows that he will need to eventually start as well.
The couple takes care of the farm and they sometimes hire daily laborers at for 200 shillings/day (Birr 40/day) to help them.
Bananas are harvested twice a year and are sold to the local cooperative. Prices fluctuate and the farmers are currently receiving 14 shillings/kg (was previously 16 shillings) for green bananas.
When asked why they do all 3 at the farm (maize, bananas & livestock) instead of focusing on just one thing, Mr. Munyua stated that no farmer can survive without livestock because of the fertilizer issue (they only use organic fertilizer not the industrial type).
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In terms of what they consume in the household, it’s mainly maize, rice & bananas and a majority of what they eat is from the farm.
The extension staff who traveled with the group explained that in the past, farming was mostly for subsistence but now the government is trying to make farmers more market oriented. Extension staff are also trying to show farmers that short time crops fetch better profits and provide them with practical trainings as well. Extension staff do calculations with farmers to look at their profit margins of different crops. The farmers can then decide on the more profitable crop. Avoiding the middleman is another approach that the Kenyan government is trying to apply so that the product goes from the farm directly to the market.
SABASABA Agribusiness Cooperative
The cooperative, whose main business is banana, is led by a democratically elected 5 member management committee. Tuesdays & Fridays are market days where farmers bring their bananas that wholesalers have ordered and paid for in advance. There are 120 members (59 male and 57 female) and membership is open to all farmers who grow bananas. The plan is to have 1,000 farmers by the end of 2014.
Sabasaba started off as a self-help group that was formed in 2004 and with the help of AfricaHarvest farmers started growing tissue culture banana which was more economical and disease free or resistant as opposed to traditional banana suckers. After they harvested their bananas, farmers were assisted by Technoserve to market their products. Bananas are very nutritional and have a high content of carbohydrates, magnesium & potassium. Kenyans say that if you eat one banana a day you avoid a trip to the doctor!
In 2009, they were registered as a Cooperative society and developed a 5 year plan (strategy) for 2010 – 2014. A one million shilling loan (which has now been paid off) was then secured to buy 1 acre of land which is where the office is located now.
Over 5,000 households have benefitted from this project in terms of sustaining prices as well as the market, quality of the product etc.
In 2011, over 150 tons of banana was sold through this society and 2.3 million shillings were paid to farmers. In 2012, the total number of bananas sold was 143 tons and was worth 2.2 million. Between January & April 2013, 80,000 tons of banana worth 1.2 million shillings has been sold. The average now is 20 tons of banana per month and the target for 2014 is 50 tons. There is an independent annual audit of income that is then reported to members
Sabasaba has decided to move things to the next level and has begun value addition in order to make more money for farmers. They have started the following although on a small scale:
Ripening bananas Banana Crisps Banana jam Banana Flour (from green, unpeeled bananas)
Their reasons for this value addition are to:
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Increase shelf life Stabilize the market Link with markets (supermarkets) Create rural industrialization Create employment & wealth Help the government enhance food security
The Cooperative is also planning to diversify to other crops (such as tomato) in the near future.
There are however a few challenges that Sabasaba has encountered, namely:
Need capacity building Lack of ICT Lack of resources to acquire equipment More power supply (3-phase) required Transportation of bananas from individual farmers to the Cooperative office
Sabasaba plans to empower and transform farmers to make them more profitable, ethical and prudent in their business activities.
The cooperative does not handle cash, buyers deposit money into an account and the farmers are also then paid by depositing in their account (using mpesa). Value addition is currently done at the Cooperative office.
Questions/Comments Can you please elaborate on the challenges that you mentioned? In terms of ICT, it does not exist here, so we want someone to come and show us the technology so that we can decide whether we can afford it or not. Transportation for farmers coming from different directions is also a big issue as the expense of transporting is very high (and is currently borne by farmers). We would like to have a common means of transport for all farmers traveling here from one area. We would also like to make roads more accessible especially when it rains which makes it almost impossible for farmers to bring their bananas to the office.
Can you provide more information as to why value addition is more profitable? For example, one kg of banana flour is made from 6kgs of green bananas and is sold for 200 shillings and the production cost is about 140 shillings. But when you convert 6kg of green bananas they fetch 80/90 shillings.
How do you communicate with your buyers – what’s the strategy? We speak with the buyers before market day and they deposit the funds in advance. The farmers will then have to deliver the bananas before 10am on market day and they get their payment the same day.
Do farmers know when to harvest green bananas? Those farmers who have been sponsored by Africa Harvest get trainings at KARI to be trainers (ToT) so that they can teach other farmers. The training is to teach farmers how to best raise bananas (how much
4 manure and water they should use). A resource person then visits the farmers to see how they are managing.
Are you paid for working here? We don’t have a fixed salary, most people who work here are volunteers who get allowances for certain activities. However, since we are all farmers, we benefit from bulking our product.
How does the Cooperative make its money? We deduct 1 shilling for every kg of banana that goes through the Cooperative.
Do you have different channels for the value added products? We don’t have a strategy yet because production is still minimal.
How does one become a member? He/she has to be a banana farmer – with at least 40 stalks of banana (mature) and have a total of 80 stalks Pay the membership fee of 2,000 shillings (one-time fee). The cooperative also sells shares on the spot, a minimum of 150 shares and a maximum of 1,200 (20 shillings per share)
What are your challenges in terms of disease and do you use fertilizer? Our bananas are not prone to disease but if there is a breakout, extension agents from the MoA come to help. We never use fertilizer, only compost since there are too many side-effects from using fertilizer With tissue culture banana, the seedlings are programmed, so after planting, it buds within 9 months and becomes a mature tree within 4 years. The traditional banana on the other hand will take 2 years to bud.
There are individual banana traders (private) so how do you manage the competition as a cooperative? We preach the benefits of becoming a member and we are seeing that membership is increasing every year.
Where are you value addition facilities & store for peak harvest time? All our facilities for the moment are here.
Can members sell to buyers outside of the cooperative? No the bylaws do not allow them to do that.
What’s the role of the government extension system? The MoA’s extension system is demand driven and they come when we need them.
What is the advantage of being a formal society as opposed to a group? A group has no formal rules but a cooperative must abide by rules set by parliament and is covered by national laws. For instance, if Sabasaba was a group, we (LIVES) could not have met to have these discussions. In addition, a cooperative is accountable to its members, is audited, and has access to credit.
Is there adequate market for value added products? We believe that the market is ready for us although we are not yet fully operational.
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Do you organize trainings on sensitization? We organize trainings and different professionals are selected to come and conduct these trainings.
How much do the banana bunches weigh? The average weight is 25kg, but the biggest we’ve had so far is 64kg
NICOLA Farms – Private pulse and livestock farm
Located in Central Kenya, about 1800m above sea level
Whenever new seeds are introduced by private companies, they go through KEPHIS for approval. If the company approaches Nicola farms with these new seeds, they only take about 1kg for trial to compare it to the ones that are already growing on the farm and decide if it’s acceptable. Manure from the dairy farm is used as fertilizer, and the farm is moving towards organic farming.
Nicola’s marketing team has direct contact with companies in Europe and exports all of its products except for bananas which are sold to employees. French beans are all exported since they are not consumed locally. About 70% of their export product comes from out-growers (some have been with Nicola for 14 years) while the remaining 30% comes from the farm. Nicola farms doesn’t use middlemen/brokers.
There is a technical assistant in every region to assist the farmers and meetings are held with them every Saturday. For quality control, there are strict procedures that must be adhered to by the farmers.
The underground water in the area is very saline and cannot be used so Nicola Farms uses the river instead and pay the government 0.05cents per meter cube of water. Water from the river is pumped to the farm and this is closely monitored by in-house engineers. They also store water in reservoirs when there is enough of it.
Observations by the group at both farms:
Integration at farmer & commercial level Complimentary crop and livestock systems No need to use commercial fertilizer - farm manure used instead minimizing cost of production and increasing profit There is integration even at household level & gender sensitivity Integration – adoption of best approach for evaporation saves water for harvesting & water use efficiency Tree/crop/livestock system Manure at pit level can be used especially for vegetables & fruits (high value crops) Sprinkler – can intensify at small holder level VC benefits for producers and consumers Good practices – agro forestry. Use of by products for livestock (eg bananas) is not done in Ethiopia SABASABA, transparency of the cooperative e.g. price of banana Nicola – is very organized in terms of the out-grower system as well as support for credit general The role of the extension system is very different from Ethiopia since it’s demand driven
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Marketing of bananas as compared to Gamo Gofa which also has a system of contracts with ET- fruit but unfortunately ET-fruit cannot support everything that’s produced so there’s more supply than demand (they get their orders from Addis). Marketing is stronger with Sabasaba and there are fixed buyers. In Addis, banana is controlled at wholesale level Extension is more demand driven There is more of a market oriented extension system which is not confined to production & technologies, it goes beyond. For instance, gross margin analysis is done with the farmers so that they can choose the most profitable crop It rains more here than other areas but water scarcity is still a problem and almost every farm/ household harvests roof water The Cooperative and its members are very knowledgeable about the nutritional value of bananas Farmers pay about $20/per AI session whether it works or not. The same should happen in Ethiopia where seed supply, drugs, feed supply should eventually shift to the private sector, especially for market oriented products We have seen the concept of ‘farm to fork’ in action We have seen a value chain at both Nicola Farms & Sabasaba Cooperative which can also be done in our regions Perhaps LIVES can support tissue culture bananas in the Regions? We should encourage private sector development We don’t have people representing marketing in the LIVES PSC. We can bring in an expert as and when needed We have observed direct & indirect beneficiaries, small & large scale value chains, input supply, and the availability of land & water resources Integration of crop/livestock system Diversification Water conservation An extension system being demand driven Rain water harvesting & storage – what can we do that in Ethiopia? Struggle to transform from group to cooperative Nicolas farms – being able to meet European standards is very impressive Integration of livestock, crop & water management diversification Value Chain in packing & export is based on criteria of consumers There is no free grazing, which also needs to stop in Ethiopia Managing orientation of livestock so that they are more productive Using Napier grass as feed
How did communal grazing lands come about in the highlands? Large number of ownership?? Economies of labor
October 2, 2013
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Farm Visit, Robert Githua, member of Wakurima Dairy Company
The population in this area is very high so land intensification is crucial. Dairy farms are usually very small, less than 1 acre so dairy farmers need to rent land outside of their farms to grow feed (and also buy as needed).
The farmers call the Dairy Cooperative and ask for trainings which is then provided on farm (for 7 – 10 farmers). Government extension staff also help, but are understaffed as there are 5,500 active farmers.
Farmer Robert was born in the area and raised by a single mother who was also a farmer. The family land is 2.7 acres which is now divided among Robert & 3 of his siblings.
In 1984, after finishing 11th grade, he came back from Nairobi and started a coffee plantation. In 1985 he got his first cow (an Ayrshire ) from a friend and by 2005 he had bred 18 cows of which 7 were Friesian /Jersey cross breeds. He preferred the Jersey breed since they consume less & are more ‘hardy’. In 2005 he lost his wife and lost most of his cows except 2 heifers but by 2006 he had increased this number to about 10. In 2009 he faced a marketing challenge since processors didn’t want to buy all the milk that the farmers took to them so he decided it was better to sell most of his cows and he was left with only 2 or 3.
His cows now produce 40liters/day and he has no marketing problems since all the milk goes to processing. The Cooperative pays higher than anyone else and finds other markets for the milk such as Nairobi and beyond. One liter of milk is sold for 45-50 shillings and the farmers get 30-35 shillings.
He calls the vet/AI technician when the cows are sick or if they are in heat. AI costs 1800 shillings/insemination (Jersey) and could go up to 4,000 shillings depending on the breed. The cooperative’s vet doctors are used and the cost is deducted from the milk sale. Robert explained that he has also used sexed semen before.
Discussion Dairy cows need a lot of water, how reliable is the water and how do you get it to the farm? He uses tap water which is distributed by the government and pays for what he uses but unfortunately, the water system breaks down every 6 months or so. He gets feed from the dairy cooperative on credit also uses fodder trees that are on the farm for feed (Calliandra) and mixes it with Napier grass. He then uses the cow dung as fertilizer for the Napier grass that he grows on the farm.
What are the challenges you face? Robert stated he has a few challenges, the most serious ones being as follows: Shortage of cash to buy needs for the cows. He would like to build a tank for silage to enable him to feed his cows uniformly throughout the year so that he can have consistent production & income Shortage of space which means that the cows are cramped in a small place Shortage of feed at this time Tube silage (plastic) which he used before is too expensive because he has to buy tubes for 500kg of silage which costs 600 shillings but cannot be used again. He now wants to construct a concrete tank with plastic inside which he has seen successfully done before by another farmer
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What are your monthly expenses for feed? When using Napier grass & Calliandra he spends 15,000 shillings but if he has to buy feed to add to what he has on farm, it goes up to 30,000 shillings per month.
Robert also went on to explain to the group that dairy is the best business to be in because there are 3 sources of income from it that comes from sale of manure, milk and the cows themselves.
As compared to coffee, the dairy business brings a daily income whereas coffee is only once a year and the income from it depends on the outside market.
Farm Visit – Joseph Wanjohi
This is a family owned farm which has 4 dairy cows and 2 calves (all Friesian ). There are 7 acres that are divided among 4 family members so they each have about 1.5 acres each. They use the following as feed for the cows:
Napier grass, hay, maize stover (dry matters are necessary to avoid diarrhea) Concentrate Minerals
There is also a small coffee plantation on the farm. Joseph has no other source of income except pension as he retired from working for TOTAL in Nairobi. He has hired one staff member to collect Napier grass, all other work on the farm is managed by the family members.
The cows produce an average of 15 – 16 liters of milk per day which is delivered to the Wakulima Dairy Company (of which Joseph is Chairman of the Board). The company has a total of 18,000 members out of which 6,000 – 7,000 are active members who deliver milk every day. Each member owns a minimum of 5000 shillings worth of shares.
Dairy Collection Site Visit
Collects milk twice a day from members at 4am and noon Members come with their cards and drop off their milk which is measured (on the truck) and that info goes automatically to a hand held devise held by staff Members are paid once a month An honor system is in place and quality testing is done arbitrarily once in a while
BORA feeds Owned by the Dairy Company and feed is made from maize grain, cotton seed cake, sunflower seed cake, wheat bran, wheat powder, maize and fish meal Materials are ground up and packed for shipping. Feed is prepared for dairy, poultry and swine. Pellets will be produced in the future The low cost of feed that Bora offers sets a price for competitors who also prepare feed. Members are allowed to buy from other suppliers Bora takes cash or credit (for members only)
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Came about because none of the existing companies could guarantee the quality of the feed that was needed
Wakurima Dairy Company
Established on November 16, 1990 with 2 liters of milk that was delivered All are small scale farmers with an average of 2 acres & 2 cows The main idea for the company was to improve the livelihood of the farmers and dairy is their core business It started as a self-help group then changed to a cooperative, then to a share company in 2006 with the same members and same shareholders. In 1994 AI services were introduced in order to produce higher amounts of milk & have better breeds. In 1998 they opened their first store for dairy and milk supplements (to guarantee what the farmers needed were available) and 95% of the farmers buy on credit. A credit & savings was also opened and credit was made available even for advances and as follows: o Purchase of cows (8% interest rate) o Construction o Others (14% and above) Governance – Board of Directors, management (recruited by the Board) and staff
The Company faces quite a few challenges, the main ones being: Prices – no control and are always dictated by processors There is no strong body for the farmers where they can say what they feel The condition of the roads makes it difficult to reach farms
Their extension services offer training for farmers as needed.
Wakulima is currently only doing raw milk but would like to start on value addition since they have seen what the other big players are doing and have also done a feasibility study to construct processing facility.
Discussion What is the difference between a cooperative & a company? Self-help – not legally recognized plus there is a limit on the number of members Cooperative – run by the members and based on cooperative society laws Company – legally recognized business entity
Each member owns a minimum of 5,200 shares, the cost of which is deducted every month from the milk they deliver.
Observations from the group
There are four major issues that were addressed during the visits today:
1. Production, feeding, breeding, disease management, marketing 2. Role of the cooperatives in market oriented dairy production
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3. Issues of land use, farming system, intensification 4. Level of education in the dairy production system 5. Water availability, economics & dairy
1. Production, feeding, breeding, disease management & marketing
Land intensification was apparent with farmers who have small areas that are occupied with fodder, banana – the crop component is there There is a different feeding system from Ethiopia, which is based on green forage throughout the year and farmers also add their own feed In addition, farmers are willing to pay for AI & healthcare. No one owns indigenous breeds of cows, they are all grade cows There are small holder cooperatives in Amhara but they are not effective because of marketing & feed issues. The structure is good here and the marketing linkage is intensive because the cooperative is strong Feed supply does not exist in Amhara but dairy cows are efficient because of the minerals that they get. In Ethiopia, it’s not easy to get concentrate and therefore, getting milk is not easy The construction of houses – simple & easy to manage (inexpensive) In Ethiopia, forage can be grown, it’s just an issue of being market oriented Most farmers have completed at least secondary school Extension system – should be demand driven Farmers look at market opportunities for production & marketing of milk Land holding per household is small so think of what you can do and look at the market opportunities Poor housing – no bio gas unit (for electricity), waste management can be improved. Efficient nutrient cycling Water issue – rain water is harvested but municipal water is also used When compared to Ethiopia, there are differences in knowledge & skills in management Credit is available but nothing was mentioned about insurance for cows There were choppers at all farms that we saw. We should try this with LIVES but need economies of scale so maybe we can do this as a demonstration or have a mobile chopper on a motorcycle The calving rate here is 1 calf/year but in Ethiopia it’s 1 calf in 2 years which is because some farmers don’t want their cow to get pregnant while feeding. If the feed is improved then the cows can get pregnant faster.
2. Role of Cooperatives on Market Oriented Dairy Production
We’ve seen impressive things with the Cooperatives in Kenya as compared to those in Ethiopia. The farmers here trust their cooperatives & vice versa. The situation in Ethiopia is different and we should take these lessons back.
The collection center is quite efficient and they also have the motto of ‘Farmers serving farmers’ which shows their commitment. Farmers should help each other and this allows them to do this and also learn at the same time.
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The way the business was started was also important to know (2 liters, 5 farmers) since one can start small and then expand. The cooperative is serving the farmers in many ways: Training of farmers – they don’t need to depend on DAs so this decreases admin costs for the government Credit – which is good especially for the weaker farmers Facilitation of marketing. If individual farmers had to coordinate for the market, they wouldn’t be as successful Feed – farmers in Ethiopia want to get concentrate but don’t have access (even if they have the money) therefore availability plus quality is ensured Veterinary services – in Ethiopia, we depend on our DAs, but here they have their own (40) vets
The cooperative is a place where the members can learn but are also able to obtain inputs in a timely manner at an affordable price The cooperative has the legal framework to do business and farmers trust it Our farmers should want to set up a cooperative of their own free will based on commitment and interest Cooperatives have a milk & food processing unit which is important for the members In Ethiopia, there is a lack of feed processing Dairy development needs capital (as does horticulture) so we need to find a way of solving this problem
Why do we need to organize collective action (organization of farmers who work together for a common goal) – we need to look at dairy as follows:
Economies of scale – reduction of cost because of volume. They worked hard to increase milk production Capacity – easier to capacitate them. 40 vets, many AI techs, extension staff – the cooperative has availed core capacity at the office Better access to information – increased bargaining power (benefits accrue from being organized). We went today representing many farmers and also SNV people came because they were organized
Implementation – a few key areas that we need to take into consideration: Freedom to organize and not to be forced Accountability of leadership which is absent in Ethiopia Transparency – accountability to the farmers (audit) Business model – diversification of the business Trust – quality control of milk is not done on a daily basis and feed, farmers trust its quality
3. Land use, forage production, intensification, NR conservation, Sustainability
Land management – soil & water management issues Intensification & diversification – function of land size which has its own impact Soil management – fertility management practice, they use manure not inorganic fertilizer so fertility management is there
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Trees – managed well in a systemic manner. Calliandra is an important feed but is also important in protecting their land. Tree/crop/livestock management is there Planting of banana in a big pit is important for management but also for the application of manure (as was seen at Nicola farms) Producing suckers as planting material and selling excess manure are sources of income There is an integrated system in place in the dairy & coffee growing areas There are commercialization, intensification & diversification opportunities Dairy is a day to day activity, it’s number 1 in terms of sustainability versus coffee There is a strong inter-linkage between livestock & crops – maximum use, no wasted land. They even plant fodder trees, so there is efficient use of land Linkages with the market are present Poultry & dairy goats are used as an integral part of the farm Dairy development projects were promoted 30 years ago and are now being used extensively Intensification of the system is market driven. 30 years ago the market was the driving force for coffee. Now farmers are uprooting their coffee trees and are planting bananas instead. They are doing dairy as well Wondering how the system will look 30 years from now, not sure about intensification of the land by then HR as compared to Ethiopia is more developed and educated
4. Education
The level of education is important for the success of farmers. Kenyan farmers are doing better than their Ethiopian counterparts perhaps partly because of their level of education. They understand the kind of bulls they want for AI, know the nutrient composition of milk, bananas and dry matter. They have a skilled/educated manager who is sorting out issues since he has enough education to be able to overcome challenges. They have veterinarians and production personnel who are raising the awareness of farmers.
The more educated farmers are, the more technology uptake there will be. The group insisted on seeing an ordinary farmer with no education but is no such thing, they all have some sort of formal education and use technologies such as choppers.
However, it’s important to note that even though capacity building is fundamental it doesn’t have to be formal.
5. Water availability, economics & dairy
Water is part of the whole system. What we saw yesterday & today should be taken into context. This place is 2 hours from the market, but there are other areas that are not so close. Also, in terms of the capacity of the farmers, most of them had grown up on farms, went away to get their education and have come back later.
Water wasn’t really an issue since these farms are so close to Nairobi and there is piped water supply available. As we move away from thatched to corrugated roofs in Ethiopia, can we move to rooftop harvesting?
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The Ethiopian Government is moving in the direction of roof water harvesting. How will we do it – how will it be implemented?
October 3, 2013
Horticultural Crops Development Authority (HCDA)
The HCDA is under the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock & Fisheries and has 3 main functions: 1. Regulating the horticultural industry. Guidelines for regulations are in place and the government has issued acts that guide on production & marketing 2. Provision of technical support for the farming community – farmer trainings on emerging issues for the international market 3. To market Kenyan horticulture producers in Europe & Asia. Promote exporters through fairs where potential exporters are invited to promote their products
Horticulture industry: Income from horticulture has increased to 200 billion shillings and the majority is domestic (96%), export account for 4% only Employs more than 6 million people directly but also indirectly (transport, packing etc) HCDA also participates in government supported projects for farmer support
Horticulture in Kenya is private sector driven and the government just provides support.
Small scale farmers & exporters HCDA supervises contracts signed by these two parties. There is a law in Kenya that exports must be from your own farm or a small scale farmer. Payment is sometimes an issue since exporters may not pay the farmers so HCDA coerces exporters to pay. HCDA staff witness contract signatures to avoid forging and licenses are withdrawn from exporters if there is any foul play. Signing of contracts ensures traceability, there are articles in the contracts that spell out production and collection of the product. Traceability is important for the outside market.
High quality produce export Fruit nursery owners must be registered (mango, avocados & citrus) and are also trained on best practices. This is done to ensure true to type seedlings to the product.
HCDA also provides market intelligence to farmers & exporters: Horticulture storing to avoid post-harvest wastage Depots have been established throughout the country but cold room storage has not made economic sense since it has not been possible to recover the cost of running the cold rooms Market driven horticulture is promoted versus resource based horticulture. In market driven horticulture, the farmer responds to the market requirements Subscribe to market links to look at prices for exporters so that they can eventually export there Consumption of horticulture inside the country because Kenyans were producing vegetables but didn’t consume them. Now there is increased consumption so importation of fruits (apples, oranges, grapes) has started. For instance, in the past, avocados were not consumed by Kenyans
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but there was a campaign that showed the advantages and now there is increased local consumption Initially HCDA is involved in up and coming exporters to bring products for export The state cooperative is financed by the MoAL&F
HCDA has 25 offices in the areas where the main horticulture products are grown.
Discussion
How successful have you been in fruit nursery registering? Very successful since no one can operate a nursery without a license. We assist in marketing the seedlings. Nursery owners must fulfill a check-list before being issued with a license.
There are marketing problems in Ethiopia. How do you manage the domestic marketing and what is your role in this? It’s challenging as the local market is not very organized and the government is not very involved as opposed to the export market (avocado, mango) where products must conform to standards. The HCDA trains farmers for instance to avoid post-harvest losses as most farmers don’t bother with their products after harvesting. In any case, not much has been done so far but we are trying.
Local versus export market – how is the market structured? In Ethiopia, the local market is oligopolistic as there are traders who also control the retail system so farmers are price takers. In Kenya we’ve seen that banana farmers negotiate prices. How is the situation in Kenya? It used to be the case before, when all produce was sold in one place. Farmers would just go & sell but now there are many more wholesale outlets & markets and farmers are learning to bypass the wholesalers. Some just open stores in their own area so they don’t even need to go to wholesalers. They broke the cartel to directly sell to wholesalers, schools and, consumers. When they have too much produce, they might be forced to accept lower prices once in a while.
HCDA brought together farmers to create production & marketing organizations for farmers to have a common price (weight, price/kg).
Where do farmers get improved seed? Vegetable seed production – imported but is regulated and even multiplying is monitored by KEPHIS. It’s run by the private sector but quality inspection & license issuance is done by KEPHIS.
Is there adequate supply? Yes, since it’s run by the private sector they address demand.
Do you use mobile phone technology? In terms of access to market & technical information on mobiles, HCDA will host the system which is sponsored by many organizations. This is still in the initial stage but we are aiming for it to start in June 2014.
Value addition in bananas, have you tried anything in this regard such as additional processing? Consumers are not interested in value added products and there is no market for it. Products must meet Kenyan quality requirements and people prefer the fresh product therefore our advice is on plant production in order to avoid excess production since there are also storage issues.
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What is the role of the HCDA in terms of the lack of practical skills in horticulture and also tissue culture? Whenever there is a new technology, HCDA does a demonstration on one of the plots of the farmers so that they can learn by doing. However, the main focus of the HCDA is regulation. The extension work that is done is to supplement what the MoAL&F is doing. The Government has agricultural training centers and also run farmer field schools.
Do you have tissue culture service? Yes we have labs for production but production is mainly private sector driven. KARI does that as well (banana but we are also trying passion fruit).
Do you regulate the quality of the product for export market as well as the local market? In terms of mango & avocados, we look at maturity. Pesticides are checked by KEPHIS.
Do you have cooperatives such as Sabasaba for tomato for instance? Some are community based but cooperatives in general are not very strong in horticulture.
What are the things that HCDA is doing to increase local consumption? HCDA does promotions and there are campaigns to increase consumption of fruits & vegetables. The promotions show the importance of consuming milk. In terms of promotion, the MoAL&F has a home economics department who is in charge of such promotions.
Who’s responsible for importing improved varieties of horticulture crops? The HCDA’s role is in terms of ensuring quality of crops. The government (KEPHIS) is under the mandate of KARI and participates in trials to ensure imported seeds are able to grow. There is no control on prices since the sellers determine it.
There are many actors in horticulture, do all of them get together to discuss production, marketing etc? HCDA plans yearly stakeholder forums and as many stakeholders (from 47 counties) as possible are invited to discuss issues. National forums where international participants are invited also take place.
Is HCDA doing any work in terms of ripening chambers? KARI came up with the idea of ripening chambers which worked in some areas but there have been constraints on what it can accommodate. Others are using polyethylene bags – mixing avocados with bananas & some use passion fruit. We are trying to come up with new ways but things seem to be going well with people using their own methods. There is not much control by HCDA in this activity.
The group also visited the packing house which is owned by HCDA with funding from JICA to encourage young producers who would like to export and can’t afford or don’t have access to such facilities. Anyone who has export produce to store or pack can rent the facilities from HCDA.
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock & Fisheries
Participants were from the following departments: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock & Fisheries Director (filling in for) (Female) State Department of Veterinary Services (Female) Horticulture Division (Female)
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Extension & Training Directorate (Female) Horticulture Program (Male) State Department of Livestock (2 Males)
Points for discussion: Irrigated agriculture crops o Irrigation water management o Livestock development – dairy sector development Role of the MoA managing, promoting, regulating Delineation of roles – private/public sector in terms of irrigated crops Input supply Service provision Input/output marketing Challenges & lessons learned in terms of applying the market oriented approach Production, input supply, services Any other business
The 3 ministries were combined into one as of March 2013 Irrigation is handled by the Engineering department
A value chain development project of 8 VCs, started in 2003 and continued to 2013 for the following: Crop agriculture – mango, passion fruit, sweet potato, Irish potato Livestock – dairy goat, poultry (local), beef, fish (omena fish)
The project focused on key VC strengthening of stakeholders, market linkages along the VC, and building of markets.
There were a number of challenges especially in bringing various actors along the VC together (linkages) One of the major successes was in terms of the Irish potato value chain which has now become a national council which is farmer/private sector led. Mango which in the past was wasted because of unstable market & lack of linkages is now a success because linkages have been created with processors.
Horticulture Biggest business in terms of agriculture (2.3 billion shillings per annum) Domestic – fruits & vegetables (rain fed & irrigated horticulture) Export – flowers & vegetables
There is a program supported by ADB which provides irrigation system infrastructure and mobilizes farmers to produce for both the local & export market.
To determine interventions needed, a VC analysis was used with certain criteria: Crops predominantly grown by small holders & use rain-fed agriculture Market leadership – role of the private sector for development Income being generated by crops
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Priority crops in every district & the constraints were identified as well as the challenges, opportunities and interventions. In the program, there is: Banana (leading horticulture crop) Potato Cabbage Passion fruit Garden peas Mango Local vegetables – indigenous and grown by smallholders that are dried, packaged & exported to the UK & US (niche market)
To develop the value chains, market driven extension was provided to see what was required in the market & then steer production in that direction.
Support is provided by the MoAL&F as follows:
Software Provide service for private service providers to work with market agents to link village groups to the markets.
Hardware Markets – designed with input from market players Storage – especially for potatoes (rapid studies show delays in increase of price), timing of production & spreading marketing Collection centers – infrastructures where anyone can come and buy substantial amount of a certain product and take it to any destination. Also, sellers can collectively bargain on prices Rural access road improvement – access to farms. Link to roads that are already in place. Those roads that will not be considered by the government are what we will focus on. Farmers can take their productions and there will be reduction in the cost of transportation and, input. In addition, there will be less wastage and employment will be generated. The road improvements are almost complete, and outcome & impact is being documented
In terms of the value chain of irrigated agriculture & livestock, what is the experience of extension staff & DAs and what is the overall setup of DAs? The role of research is to develop technologies – seeds for different ecological areas, prepare packages used by DAs to advice farmers on best way forward. Extension in Kenya is very well developed up to the grass root level. The focus of the extension service is to organize trainings.
In the VC, what is the involvement of research institutes & MoAL&F for extension services? Adaptive research that is focused to farmer needs. There is a well-established extension system from county to grass root level. Front line extension officers have direct contact with farmers. There are also subject matter specialists (e.g. value addition, environment) and district level subject matter specialists.
The regional research centers do adaptive research to see what is relevant for farmers (that information comes from front-line extension officers). There are research extension liaison officers in every country (47) linking researchers with extension service staff so that they can focus on what farmers need. There
18 is demand driven extension service (bottom to top), so that innovations are adopted and are sustainable. There are many innovations which are packaged (farmer friendly) & given to farmers.
There are different dissemination methods: Farmer field days (research stations where farmers can see latest innovations) Exhibitions Farm visits (for specific issues), by a combination of specialists who then come up with recommendations
Research, extension and farmer linkages are still weak and we are working on strengthening this. The new setup of one liaison officer at each country will help strengthen:
Joint planning Participatory M&E On farm trials
In terms of value chains, there is the issue of farmer empowerment through trainings and farmer field schools. Information desks are available where farmers can get information.
Livestock Dairy goat value chain, main activities: Strengthening of farmer groups for ease of collective marketing Capacity building (there are various regional dairy goat associations) for members of the association e.g. AI, husbandry, feeding so that farmers can earn a living and supplement their incomes
There are staffing shortage issues so they are working closely with the media so that farmers can call into radio shows with their issues/questions.
There is a bull station in Nairobi and in the past, the government ensured that all farmers had access to AI. From 1963 – 1983, AI was highly subsidized and one insemination (exotic blood) cost 1 shilling. In 1983, AI services in Kenya were privatized and some projects came in to assist in the dairy industry.
Background information on Kenya: 17.5 million cattle, of which 3.5 million are dairy cattle, are mainly Friesian & Ayrshire Goats – 28 million (50,000 are dairy) Sheep – 17 million (no milking) Camels – 4 breeds and some are milked There are 1 million small holder dairy farmers who have 2 to 5 dairy cows and produce up to 10 liters of milk per day. There are also super animals who produce 40 – 60 liters per day The agro vet, AI services and bull stations are now all privately owned Dairy cattle breeding is well organized and available even at farm level AI services now cost anywhere from 1,000 to 10,000 shillings depending on the type of bull Farmers also make use of sexed semen and embryo transfer (large scale farmers) Feeding is mostly natural as farmers use cultivated fodder & Napier grass 5.2 billion liters of milk is produced per year – 30% consumed at home/fed to cows There are post-harvest milk losses due to spillage, rejection, and unavailability of market
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Milk consumed per capita – 125 liters (urban), 19 liters (rural) Milk consumption in Kenya is highest of developing black African countries
Discussion Where do the AI technicians get the semen from & what is the role of the ministry in terms of AI? AI services are privatized, however there is a central AI station – Kenya Animal Genetic Research Institute and there are plans to increase the number of bull stations. The government & universities provide training opportunities for inseminators but the veterinary department is still regulating running of the AI services. The bull station is funded by the government of Kenya.
What is the capacity of the bull station? The bull station produces half a million doses of semen/year and additional semen is imported. This bull station alone is not sufficient so in future, there will be 2 more bull stations which will enable Kenya to export to neighboring countries as well.
How did you succeed in privatization? This was a highly political issue and the extension service used staff to convince farmers that this was a good idea.
Input/Output Market
This was run mainly by the private sector but the government comes in for fertilizer in order to stabilize prices. There were 3 companies who imported fertilizer and monopolized the market so farmers didn’t benefit much so the government imported in bulk which makes the price cheaper. The farmers therefore opted to buy from the government which forced the importers to lower their prices. There is also a targeted subsidy program that gives farmers maize, fertilizer & seed
There is another government program for building seed production capacity, especially for potato and the production of basic seed for seed multiplication. Farmers are brought together and trained on how to produce seed.
There are also agricultural training centers in potato growing areas.
Discussion
How was the extension serviced transformed from production & technology focused to market oriented? We are not completely there yet and we are encouraging collective marketing since that will better meet demand and also decrease the cost of production. The market demand is not met because the amount produced by small holders is not sufficient. We are also linking farmers to the market and not just supermarkets but also schools, hospitals etc.
Subsidies (smart) are justified for the following reasons:
It’s for the benefit of the farmers Ensures food security, especially maize which is a staple Farmers receive subsidies only once
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Once the farmers have graduated from the initial subsidy, they can get loans for the purchase of seeds and fertilizer at a lower interest rate
Key Lessons for LIVES
Irrigated fruits and vegetables
Over time, the banana/fruit cartel in Nairobi seems to have been “broken” by opening up different channels other than the single whole sale fruit market one (like Piazza in Addis). One key intervention was the establishment of new marketing channels with consumer groups in different housing estates in Nairobi. This includes availing retail outlets in the housing estates. We could try this with consumer associations in Addis Ababa in combination with the establishment of banana ripening chambers in or near consumption areas Price setting of bananas is accomplished in meetings attended by traders as well as representatives of the Kenyan Banana Growers Association. We, or other value chain projects, can initiate similar discussions between the Ethiopian Horticultural Agency and banana traders in Addis Ababa to arrive at more competitive prices for producers The Sabasaba banana cooperative in Muranga District is regularly contacted by big traders to deliver certain quantities of bananas on 2 market days/week. The traders deposit money on the cooperative’s bank account, a day before the actual purchase, and the cooperative manager contacts growers to bring bananas. On the actual day of purchase, the producers’ bananas are weighed and the individual farmers account (at the same bank) is credited for the amount delivered. The cooperative deducts Ksh 1/kg as a trade commission. We could explore the possibility to introduce this system for the Lenta fruit cooperative in Arba Minch and the fruit and vegetable cooperative in Meki/Bati The ripening process of bananas in Kenya is regulated/stimulated with the help of fruits (such as passion fruits) which stimulate ethylene emission in a closed environment (plastic is used). The Kenya Agricultural Research Institute is doing research on low cost banana ripening methods. We could try out some of these approaches in our banana growing areas Extension on irrigation and agronomic practices is organized through input suppliers and cooperatives. Specialist extension staff are called upon as resource persons. We could examine the possibility of targeting some of the LIVES capacity development activities to the input/service suppliers, who in turn can provide knowledge/skills to producers of irrigated agriculture The Kenya HCDA certifies fruit nurseries to ensure supply of quality seedlings (they have offices in the major horticultural areas). KEPHIS also issues certificates to nursery operators after completion of nursery training. We could explore the possibility for certification of nursery operators in our LIVES project areas. The appropriate agency (Regional Research Centers, EHA) should be identified The use of tissue cultured bananas is well established in Kenya and introduction has been supported by NGOs. Seedlings may be provided by research institutions and/or private
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companies. We should explore the possibilities of introducing tissue cultured new banana varieties with our partners with linkages to private nursery operators Out grower schemes for small holder vegetable producers linked to larger scale commercial farms are tested in Kenya, however, meeting the requirements for the European market is difficult to achieve for smallholders. Selection of well educated, motivated smallholders is essential. We could explore the possibility for out grower schemes (East Shoa) based on lessons learned in Kenya.
Dairy
Dairy farms in the areas visited are well developed and for their supply of feed depended on external inputs such as concentrates, purchased fresh grasses (mostly Napier) and hay. The farm itself produces part of its forages including protein rich Calliandra, which is reportedly very effective for milk production when mixed with grasses. In LIVES, we should encourage the introduction of appropriate grasses and Calliandra or other leguminous species to stimulate intensification of dairy farming Roof water harvesting is widely introduced and used for human and animal consumption. We should explore the possibility of roof water harvesting in LIVES project sites in partnership with existing government programs The extension message on cow fertility management is: one calf a year. While this was accepted by most farmers, it had not always worked for various technical reasons. As indicated in the recent LIVES blog about this issue, we should explore the possibility of introducing this “mindset”, providing we meet all other management practices The input/service system in support of dairy development is almost completely privatized and not subsidized. This was in part the result of the structural adjustment program which occurred in the nineties. We are already aiming for such a system in LIVES, however we could further explore the use of private sector involvement in AI and veterinary services Same as for irrigated horticulture crops, extension for dairy producers is partly provided by the input/service providers. We could examine the possibility of targeting some of the LIVES capacity development activities to the input/service suppliers, who in turn can provide knowledge/skills to dairy farmers Manure produced in the system was used to fertilize the crops, including the plots planted with Napier. No use was made of manure to generate biogas. We should test the possibility of biogas technology on selected advanced dairy farms The dairy company visited in Nyeri had several features worth pursuing in LIVES including: i) milk collection points which were visited twice/day by a truck ii) electronic weighing/recording of milk per farmer iii) a private company structure (PLC) which had features of a cooperative (only members allowed to have shares), but was no longer bound by the rules and regulations of the Cooperative Department, but by rules and regulations of Trade and Industry
Knowledge management
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Various electronic media (especially mobile phones) are used to transfer knowledge to producers. Our knowledge management advisor should explore the possibility of introducing some of these software packages, in consultation with IWMI who is also interested in this
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Annex 6 - Events attended by staff No. of Participants Date Type of Event Organizer Venue Event Title LIVES attendance LIVES contribution Outcome of event M F Total Tigray ADPALC Mekelle Tigray ADPLAC meeting Berhanu Made Presentation 9-Apr-13 Meeting Gebremedhin Oxam GB and MoA MoA Round table discussion Kahsay Berhe 15 Dr. Azage had previously Review the Climate Resilient contributed towards the Green Economy (CRGE) development of the document Livestock Efficiency Investment Plan draft document and incorporate Climate Resilience, identify next steps and finalize the work plan 19-Apr-13 Meeting Agri Hub Ethiopia Agri-Hub Gender in Value Chain Working Group Ephrem Tesema 3 9 12 Presenting LIVES Gender Annual plan of action will be Ethiopia Office Consultative Meeting Mainstreaming Processes in the put in place in the next meeting Livestock and Irrigated Agriculture and a secretary and Value Chain development chairperson will also be elected to resume formal activities of the working group 9-May-13 Meeting Intergraph & Oakar Sheraton Hotel, Intergraph Eastern Africa User Group Yasin Getahun 35 5 40 Attendance Introduction & experience Services Ltd Addis Ababa Meeting Training 2013 sharing of the power of Intergraph Geospatial dynamic Portfolio suite (Image analysis & GIS software) 13-May-13 Training May 17 - 19, Haramaya Haramaya PhD Examination Azage Tegegne Chair person for PhD Examination 2013 Meeting University University Board EMDTI MoA Consultative meeting on the use of Kahsay Berhe 16 0 16 Contribute to the discussion EMDTI was given the task to sugar cane tops as a source of develop TOR and also translate livestock feed the already developed strategy to English and share them both by e-mail within 10 days with the participants 22-May-13 Meeting/Seminar MoA MoA RED&FS Brainstorming session on Dirk Hoekstra 29 3 32 Contribute to the discussion ILRI/LIVES should approach the Integration of a New Livestock, RED&FS secretariat to be Pastoralism Component within the included in the TC of the RED&FS Structure livestock technical committee. To facilitate livestock integration in the other TCs and TFs we should also explore opportunities with the secretariat to be invited 22-May-13 Meeting Australian Embassy Australian Occasion of visit of Mr Adam McCarthy Azage Tegegne Attendance Embassy Assistant Secretary, Africa Branch 23-May-13 Meeting EDRI Public Lectures on Rethinking Berhanu Attendance Development Economics and Public Gebremedhin Seminar Policy Annex 6 - Events attended by staff MoA Women’s Debre Zeit Consultative meeting and experience Ephrem Tesema 34 15 49 Experience shared on both IPMS To share the lessons learnt not Affair Directorate & sharing program and LIVES Gender in Value chain only on Gender in value chain Agricultural Growth development and research development but also on Programme (AGP) planning, opportunities, challenges opportunities and challenges and lessons learnt related to AGP project implementation, commodity/value chain development, group formation (Common Interest Group, Innovation Group) and on collaboration with LIVES and other partners on target areas May 27 - 30, where we make convergence 2013 Workshop Students of ILRI Briefing LIVES to students of Wisconsin- Dirk Hoekstra, 2 9 11 Briefing of the students on the Possibility of internship Wisconsin-Madison Madison Fanos Mekonnen overall activities of the LIVES arrangement & LIVES project & presentation by Dr. 27-May-13 Meeting Kidane MoA Women’s Debrezeit, Lisak Consultative meeting and experience Ephrem Tesema 34 15 49 LIVES Presentation and Lessons learnt not only on Affair Directorate Hotel sharing program involvement took place on the final Gender in value chain and Agricultural day development but also on Growth Programme opportunities and challenges (AGP) related to AGP project implementation, commodity/value chain development, group formation (Common Interest Group, Innovation Group) and on collaboration with LIVES and other partners on target areas May 27-30 where we make convergence 2013 Students of Iowa ILRI Briefing about LIVES to students of Dirk Hoekstra, 3 15 18 Brief students on the overall Possible internship state university Iowa State University Fanos Mekonnen activities of the LIVES project, experiences from IPMS on livestock interventions and planned activities 29-May-13 Meeting for LIVES Addis Ababa Seminar on The Role of Developmental Berhanu 50 Attendance 5-Jun-13 Seminar University State Gebremedhin BeCA Goat Project ILRI Interaction with BeCA Goat project Ephrem Tesema 7 4 11 Sharing gender in Livestock value LIVES and BeCA could Team and LIVES in sharing gender analysis chain analytical tools, collaborate on sharing data, tools, methods and approaches in methodologies in the field and experience and lessons and Goat value chain development setting baseline data through methodologies in their project intervention gender empowerment tools confluence target areas
7-Jun-13 Seminar Annex 6 - Events attended by staff CIDA/ECCO ECCO Office AA Discussion session on "Gender Equality Ephrem Tesema 8 10 18 Participation during the discussion Collecting gender Mainstreaming Experiences in CIDA and sharing LIVES' current gender disaggregated qualitative and funded Projects" mainstreaming processes quantitative information and reflecting it on periodically submitted reports Seminar/Discussi 14-Jun-13 on June 14 - 15, Mekelle University Mekelle MSc Examination Defense Berhanu 5 Served as external examiner of 2013 Seminar University Gebremedhin Economics, MSc theses defense Haramaya Haramaya Dialogue on Ethiopian Agriculture Berhanu 150 Presentation on ILRI research in June 24-25, University University Gebremedhin Ethiopia at the Dialogue on 2013 Seminar Ethiopian Agriculture MoA MoA Presentation on the Livestock Master Berhanu 100 Attendance Plan work at the Ministry of Gebremedhin 11-Jul-13 Seminar Agriculture, Addis Ababa Regional Strategic Nairobi, Kenya Validation Workshop: Proposed Ephrem Tesema 10 9 19 Facilitator/Chair of the Session on In the long run, ILRI/LIVES will Analysis and Framework paper for producing and Engendering statistics in the CAADP be a contributor to the effort Knowledge Support Using Gender Statistics for Agriculture process: insights from African by capacitating partners in the System (ReSAKSS) and Rural Development countries presented by Caritas agricultural sector and also be a Kayilisa, Rwanda Ministry of benefactor of the gender in Agriculture Gender Unit agriculture survey results
4-Sep-13 Workshop Agri Hub Ethiopia Agri-Hub Agri-Hub Ethiopia Experience sharing Ephrem Tesema 10 1 11 Participations on the discussion Work with others on issues of Ethiopia Office session on contract farming in Ethiopia related to the role of gender in the contract farming, gender, three value chains environment, food safety which are frequently confluence to each other along the value chain where different actors are involved 26-Sep-13 Meeting EIAR - HQ ESAP Ethiopian Society of animal production Azage Tegegne, 341 47 388 Sponsorship, Brown bag session on (ESAP) 21st annual conference Berhanu G/Medhin, value chain concepts, KM, Gender Dirk Hoekstra, and a case study on Dairy value Ephrem Tesema, chains system presented and Fanos Mekonnen, discussed Abule Ebro, Gemeda Duguma, August 28 - Yoseph Mekasha, 30, 2013 Workshop Adissu Aberra TIGRAY No Name of focal person Sex District, Zonal or Regional focal person 1 Jemal Gidey M Mekele Eastern zone 2 Teklay Gebru M Eastern zone 3 Alembirhan Harifeyo M Atsbi-Womberta district, Atsbi 4 Ataklity Arefe M Kilte Awlaelo district, Wukro 5 Hiluf Tesfay M Saesie Tsaeda Emba district, Fireweini 6 Abraham Gebrehiwot M Ganta Afeshum district, Adigrat Central zone 7 Teklegiorgis Assefa M Central zone, Axum 8 Teklay Fisseha M Ahferom district, Enticho 9 Habeniyom Gebrekidan M Adwa district, Adwa 10 Sahle Gebregiorgis M Laelay Maitchew district, Axum
SNNPR No Name of focal person Sex District, Zonal or Regional focal person 1 Asrat Tera M Hawassa Gamo Gofa Zone 2 Biruk Zewude M Gamo Gofa Zone 3 Serawit Alemu M Arba Minch Zuria District 4 Nigatu Dejene M Mirab Abaya District 5 Demoze Ayele M Bonke District Sidama Zone 6 Aklilu Bekuka M Sidama Zone BoA 7 Yismaw Tadesse M Bona Zuria District BoA 8 Mengistu Bankusa M Arbegona District BoA 9 Mesfin Zewudu M Bensa District BoA
Oromia No Name of focal person Sex District, Zonal or Regional focal person 1 Tesfaye Alemu Aredo M Oromia Region Jimma zone 2 Temesgen Minamo M Jimma Zone 3 Asfaw Abebe M Dedo 4 Wondaferaw Berhane M Kersa 5 Eliyas A/Jabal M Seka Chekorsa West Shoa zone 7 Nago Lemma M West Shoa Zone 8 Merga Abera M Ejere District 9 Gadisa Tolosa M Ada Berga District 10 Yadeta Neme M Meta Robi District East Shoa zone 11 Wolde Ibsa M Dugda District 12 Feyessa Worana M Bora District 13 Dawit Asseged M Lume District 14 Getachew Jimma M East Shoa Zone
Amhara No Name of focal person Sex District, Zonal or Regional focal person 1 Likawent Yehayese M Amhara Region North Gondar Zone 2 Aregalegne Sewagegne M North Gondar Zone 3 Taye Metiku M Gondar Zuria District 4 Asefa Zeleke M Lay Armacho District 5 Amsalu Tobie M Dembiya District West Gojjam Zone 6 Tesfaye Admass M West Gojjam Zone 7 Solomon Oreon M Bahr Dar Zuria District 8 Mekonnen Abuhaye M Mecha District 9 Kassahun Leyew M Yilmana Densa District South Wollo Zone 10 Ali Tegegne M South Wollo Zone 11 Tegegne Fentaw M Tehuldere District 12 Addisu Demelash M Dessie Zuria District 13 Birhanu Mulu M Kalu District