Ricardian Bulletin Is Produced by the Bulletin Editorial Committee, Printed by Micropress Printers Ltd

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ricardian Bulletin Is Produced by the Bulletin Editorial Committee, Printed by Micropress Printers Ltd Ricardian Bulletin Spring 2009 Contents 2 From the Chairman 3 Society News and Notices 7 The Logge Wills now at www.logge.co.uk 8 Has Richard’s Coffin Been Discovered? 12 Media Retrospective 15 News and Reviews 18 Meet the Herald: An interview with Dr Clive Cheesman 21 Proceedings of the Triennial Conference 2008: Part 4: The Remains 27 Henry VII 1485-1509: A Retrospective on the Quincentenary of his death: Part 1 30 Living History: by Helen Cox 33 The Man Himself: The Bosworth Portal: by Wendy Moorhen 35 William Herbert, Earl of Huntingdon: A Biography: Part 2: by Sarah Sickels 37 Tying Up Loose Ends in Research: by Toni Mount 38 Branch and Group Contacts Update 39 The Crime of Eleanor Kechen: by Lesley Boatwright 42 Edward IV’s Pre-contract of Matrimony: by Alison Hanham 43 Fotheringhay December 2008 44 York or Lancaster – A Rejoinder: by Ian Mortimer 46 The March From Leicester: by Sandra Worth 50 New Members 51 Correspondence 54 Barton Library 55 Report on Society Events 56 Future Society Events 57 Branches and Groups 62 Obituaries 63 Recently Deceased Members 64 Calendar Contributions Contributions are welcomed from all members. All contributions should be sent to Lesley Boatwright. Bulletin Press Dates 15 January for spring issue; 15 April for summer issue; 15 July for autumn issue; 15 October for winter issue. Articles should be sent well in advance. Bulletin & Ricardian Back Numbers Back issues of the The Ricardian and Bulletin are available from Judith Ridley. If you are interested in obtaining any back numbers, please contact Mrs Ridley to establish whether she holds the issue(s) in which you are interested. For contact details see inside back cover of the Bulletin The Ricardian Bulletin is produced by the Bulletin Editorial Committee, Printed by Micropress Printers Ltd. © Richard III Society, 2009 1 From the Chairman have been wondering about banking crises in the fifteenth century. We know that the Spinelli I bank, a counterpart of the Medici bank, ran into serious difficulty in 1456 when Pope Calixtus III defaulted on a loan for a proposed crusade against the Turks. I’m not sure if that’s what we might call a sub-prime loan, but in those days, lending to popes and secular rulers was the price for operating in the market. It might be interesting and certainly very topical if we had an article in the Bulletin about how the banking system operated in Yorkist times. Are there any takers out there? Maintaining its reputation for a wide and lively range of articles, news and forthcoming events, this edition of the Bulletin sees a return of the interview series, this time with Meet the Herald. The subject is Dr Clive Cheesman, Rouge Dragon Pursuivant, and, whilst we might have preferred that he were Blanc Sanglier Pursuivant, we are nonetheless grateful to him for agreeing to be interviewed. For The Man Himself, the topic is the Bosworth Portal, something we are going to hear a lot more about in the future. It’s a major achievement for the Society, giving us an opportunity to present the positive case for King Richard at a major tourist venue, and I would like to give my thanks to all involved, especially the artists Gerry Hitch, Graham Turner and Geoff Wheeler. It seems to be the season for retirements, with Wendy Moorhen, Jane Trump and Moira Hab- berjam all stepping down from their posts. Sir Christopher Wren’s memorial in St Paul’s Cathe- dral has the inscription, ‘Reader, if you seek his monument, look around you’. So it is for Wendy, Jane and Moira. We need only look at the strong and active Society we have today, for which so much is owed to all three. We will miss their direct involvement on the front bench, but I’m sure they will be active backbenchers. The Society is fortunate, too, in that it has such excellent peo- ple to take their places, with the husband-and-wife team of David and Susan Wells becoming joint secretaries, Lynda Pidgeon, already a key player in our research activities, taking over as Research Officer, while, up in Yorkshire, Pauline Harrison Pogmore takes Moira’s place as sec- retary of that branch. Due to her new appointment, Lynda has passed on the job of collecting Bulletin material to Lesley Boatwright. Let me point out, though, that although we have successfully managed to replace Wendy, Jane and Moira, we still need a new Papers Librarian to take over from Rebecca Beale, who is also stepping down after many years of service for which we are most grateful. Our papers col- lection is an important part of the Barton Library and we want to keep this resource available to members, so if there is anyone interested in helping out, please get in touch with Carolyn Ham- mond (see page 54 for details) as soon as you can. It’s always good when members have books published, and in Eleanor – the Secret Queen, John Ashdown-Hill gives the shadowy figure of Eleanor Talbot some much needed prominence. Also, as many of you know, John has been at the forefront of research into Richard III’s mtDNA sequence, and it is with much regret that we record the death of Joy Ibsen, whom he traced and identified as a direct descendant in an all-female line from Richard’s sister Anne. Despite the economic gloom, we still have much to look forward to during the coming Ri- cardian year and since the Society was recently the subject of a question on University Chal- lenge, without anybody being rude about us, I guess that might even mean that we really have made it! Phil Stone 2 Society News and Notices All Change The last twenty years or so have seen profound changes to the lives of many people. There is more technology about: we have mobile phones, computers, and spend time on the Internet. There is a greater expectation that things will be done ‘professionally’ as a business ethic has crept into our lives. The Society too has changed a great deal recently. It has cashed in on technology. We can pay our subscriptions by PayPal, order the Society’s books – and others – on line and, above all, we now have a website, which is one of our great glories. We are about to have an electronic pres- ence at Bosworth, with our Portal, a rolling display putting the facts about Richard to the public who visit the battlefield. We have had a stand at the Who Do You Think You Are? – Live exhibi- tion at Olympia in London, and shall do so again this year. In other words, we have raised our public profile immensely over the last few years. We used to have a nice little Bulletin, entirely produced by the hard work of Elizabeth Nokes. It had news and reviews, details of visits, notes, addresses, and a calendar, and was in its own way a good read, and looked forward to. But now we have a splendid new Bulletin. It still has the news and reviews, details of visits, notes and so on, but now we can have longer articles, and pictures to illustrate them, in a format which can take its place on any magazine stand and catch the eye. Many of these updatings and innovations came about because of the intense enthusiasm of Wendy Moorhen. With her background in business, and her organisational ability – and her abil- ity to talk other people into helping – she has been one of the main movers in pulling our Society firmly into the twenty-first century. She was instrumental in making us have a revamped Bulletin, the website – and the additional Logge website which is part of it – and the Bosworth Portal, and did a great deal of work for all of them. Another person who brought a business background and organisational ability to the Society was our Secretary, Jane Trump. Unfailingly cheerful and efficient, Jane also became a leading light in the creation of an education pack for schools, a project which is still ongoing. We thought Wendy and Jane were fixtures, and relaxed, believing they were shepherding us on our continued way forward into the twenty-first century. But nothing is for ever. Jane’s new daytime job is demanding much more of her time, and Wendy’s home life will be much more demanding this year and she has for a long time wanted to do more research into the fifteenth century. So change has come again upon the Society. Our new secretaries are David and Sue Wells, and our new Research Officer is Lynda Pidg- eon. Good luck to all! Executive Committee Goodbye For Now In December I stepped down from most of my Society roles: Execu- tive Committee member; Research Officer; Trustee of the Richard III and Yorkist History Trust; and also from the various sub- committees of which I was a member. I will, however, together with my husband Brian, continue to run the membership department and act as membership liaison officer. I was elected to the EC in 1994, and was appointed Research Officer in 2001, but for the past five years I have been mainly in- volved in the business side of Society affairs including the transition 3 of the membership function from our service provider, RIMMS, back in-house, the technical editing of The Ricardian, together with identifying new methods of distribution of the journals. Other projects have included the re-organisation of the sales function, organising the celebratory events of 2006 and project managing our presence at the Who Do Yo Think You Are? Live exhibi- tion last year.
Recommended publications
  • ANNE MOWBRAY, DUCHESS of YORK: a 15Th-CENTURY CHILD BURIAL from the ABBEY of ST CLARE, in the LONDON BOROUGH of TOWER HAMLETS
    London and Middlesex Archaeological Society Transactions, 67 (2016), 227—60 ANNE MOWBRAY, DUCHESS OF YORK: A 15th-CENTURY CHILD BURIAL FROM THE ABBEY OF ST CLARE, IN THE LONDON BOROUGH OF TOWER HAMLETS Bruce Watson and †William White With contributions by Barney Sloane, Dorothy M Thorn and Geoffrey Wheeler, and drawing on previous research by J P Doncaster, H C Harris, A W Holmes, C R Metcalfe, Rosemary Powers, Martin Rushton, †Brian Spencer and †Roger Warwick SUMMARY FOREWORD Dorothy M Thorn (written 2007) In 1964 during the redevelopment of the site of the church of the Abbey of St Clare in Tower Hamlets, a During the 1960s, my future husband, the masonry vault containing a small anthropomorphic late James Copland Thorn FSA, and I were lead coffin was discovered. The Latin inscription actively involved in London archaeology as attached to the top of the coffin identified its occupant part of Dr Francis Celoria’s digging team.1 as Anne Mowbray, Duchess of York. She was the child Naturally all the members of the group bride of Richard, Duke of York, the younger son of were very interested in such an important Edward IV. Anne died in November 1481, shortly discovery, and when Anne Mowbray was before her ninth birthday. As the opportunity to study identified we were all impressed (possibly scientifically a named individual from the medieval no-one more so than James). When the day period is extremely rare, the London Museum quickly came for Anne Mowbray to be reburied in organised a comprehensive programme of analysis, Westminster Abbey, the BBC wanted to which included the study of Anne’s life, her hair, teeth, interview Celoria, but he could not be found, skeletal remains and the metallurgy of her coffin.
    [Show full text]
  • “Powerful Arms and Fertile Soil”
    “Powerful Arms and Fertile Soil” English Identity and the Law of Arms in Early Modern England Claire Renée Kennedy A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History and Philosophy of Science University of Sydney 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My greatest thanks and appreciation to Ofer Gal, who supervised my PhD with constant interest, insightfulness and support. This thesis owes so much to his helpful conversation and encouraging supervision and guidance. I have benefitted immensely from the suggestions and criticisms of my examiners, John Sutton, Nick Wilding, and Anthony Grafton, to whom I owe a particular debt. Grafton’s suggestion during the very early stages of my candidature that the quarrel between William Camden and Ralph Brooke might provide a promising avenue for research provided much inspiration for the larger project. I am greatly indebted to the staff in the Unit for History and Philosophy of Science: in particular, Hans Pols for his unwavering support and encouragement; Daniela Helbig, for providing some much-needed motivation during the home-stretch; and Debbie Castle, for her encouraging and reassuring presence. I have benefitted immensely from conversations with friends, in and outside the Unit for HPS. This includes, (but is not limited to): Megan Baumhammer, Sahar Tavakoli, Ian Lawson, Nick Bozic, Gemma Lucy Smart, Georg Repnikov, Anson Fehross, Caitrin Donovan, Stefan Gawronski, Angus Cornwell, Brenda Rosales and Carrie Hardie. My particular thanks to Kathryn Ticehurst and Laura Sumrall, for their willingness to read drafts, to listen, and to help me clarify my thoughts and ideas. My thanks also to the Centre for Editing Lives and Letters, University College London, and the History of Science Program, Princeton University, where I benefitted from spending time as a visiting research student.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sun King and the Merry Monarch
    The Sun King and the Merry 1678 Monarch Explores the religious backdrop to one of the largest threats to England's throne - the Popish Plot. Aggravated by the murder of the magistrate Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, the Plot reflected religious beliefs and insecurities at the By Calum time. Sir Godfrey was my ancestor (of some 11 generations). A visit to his Johnson grave in Westminster Abbey in 2014 inspired me to explore his role in this religious turmoil which hit hard in 17th Century England... The Clergyman and the King of England Leaving for his morning stroll on the 13th of August 1678, Charles II, King of England and Defender of the Faith heard for the first time of a plot to kill him. This was far from unusual. Indeed, just months earlier, a woman in Newcastle had been subjected to a large investigation after stating, "the King deserves the curse of all good and faithful wives for his bad example”. And yet, when Mr Kirkby (his lab assistant) brought Dr Israel Tonge to him at 8 o’clock that evening, the king listened impatiently before handing the matter over to his first minister…. The Religious Pendulum: Change of Faith in England To truly examine the tumult about to hit England in the 17th Century, it is important that we look first at the Religious scene in Europe some 150 years earlier. In the previous century the Reformation began and Protestantism gathered momentum, fuelled by a desire to reduce the exuberance of the Church in Rome with its elaborate sculptures, paintings and stained-glass windows.
    [Show full text]
  • Gladstone and the Bank of England: a Study in Mid-Victorian Finance, 1833-1866
    GLADSTONE AND THE BANK OF ENGLAND: A STUDY IN MID-VICTORIAN FINANCE, 1833-1866 Patricia Caernarv en-Smith, B.A. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2007 APPROVED: Denis Paz, Major Professor Adrian Lewis, Committee Member and Chair of the Department of History Laura Stern, Committee Member Sandra L. Terrell, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Caernarven-Smith, Patricia. Gladstone and the Bank of England: A Study in Mid- Victorian Finance, 1833-1866. Master of Arts (History), May 2007, 378 pp., 11 tables, bibliography, 275 titles. The topic of this thesis is the confrontations between William Gladstone and the Bank of England. These confrontations have remained a mystery to authors who noted them, but have generally been ignored by others. This thesis demonstrates that Gladstone’s measures taken against the Bank were reasonable, intelligent, and important for the development of nineteenth-century British government finance. To accomplish this task, this thesis refutes the opinions of three twentieth-century authors who have claimed that many of Gladstone’s measures, as well as his reading, were irrational, ridiculous, and impolitic. My primary sources include the Gladstone Diaries, with special attention to a little-used source, Volume 14, the indexes to the Diaries. The day-to-day Diaries and the indexes show how much Gladstone read about financial matters, and suggest that his actions were based to a large extent upon his reading. In addition, I have used Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates and nineteenth-century periodicals and books on banking and finance to understand the political and economic debates of the time.
    [Show full text]
  • Jetanh. 34253 FRIDAY, 7 FEBRUARY, 1936
    JEtanh. 34253 801 Registered as a newspaper # * Table of Contents see last page FRIDAY, 7 FEBRUARY, 1936 Heralds College, Rouge Dragon Pursuivant, London. E. N. Geijer, Esq. 22nd January, 1936. York Herald, A. J. Toppin, Esq. THE PROCLAMATION OF HIS MAJESTY KING EDWARD VIII. Windsor Herald, In pursuance of the Order in Council of the A. T. Butler, Esq. 21st January, His Majesty's Officers of Arms Richmond Herald, this day made Proclamation declaring the H. R. C. Martin, Esq. Accession of His Majesty King Edward VIIT. At ten o'clock the Officers of Arms, habited Chester Herald, in their Tabards, assembled at St. James's J. D. Heaton-Armstrong, Esq. Palace and, attended by the Serjeants at Arms, Somerset Herald, proceeded to the balcony in Friary Court, where, after the trumpets had sounded thrice, The Hon. George Bellew. the Proclamation was read by Sir Gerald W. Lancaster Herald, Wollaston, K.C.V.O., Garter Principal King A. G. B. Russell, Esq. of Arms. A procession was then formed in the following order, the Kings of Arms, Heralds, Norroy King of Arms, and Pursuivants and the Serjeants at Arms Major A. H. S. Howard. being in Royal carriages. Clarenceux King of Arms, An Escort of Royal Horse Guards. A. W. S. Cochrane, Esq. The High Bailiff of Westminster, in his The Procession moved on to Charing Cross, carriage. where the Proclamation was read the second State Trumpeters. time by Lancaster Herald, and then moved on to the site of Temple Bar, where a temporary Serjeants at Arms, bearing their maces.
    [Show full text]
  • Arms and the (Tax-)Man: the Use and Taxation of Armorial Bearings in Britain, 1798–1944
    Arms and the (tax-)man: The use and taxation of armorial bearings in Britain, 1798–1944. Philip Daniel Allfrey BA, BSc, MSc(Hons), DPhil. Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MLitt in Family and Local History at the University of Dundee. October 2016 Abstract From 1798 to 1944 the display of coats of arms in Great Britain was taxed. Since there were major changes to the role of heraldry in society in the same period, it is surprising that the records of the tax have gone unstudied. This dissertation evaluates whether the records of the tax can say something useful about heraldry in this period. The surviving records include information about individual taxpayers, statistics at national and local levels, and administrative papers. To properly interpret these records, it was necessary to develop a detailed understanding of the workings of the tax; the last history of the tax was published in 1885 and did not discuss in detail how the tax was collected. A preliminary analysis of the records of the armorial bearings tax leads to five conclusions: the financial or social elite were more likely to pay the tax; the people who paid the tax were concentrated in fashionable areas; there were differences between the types of people who paid the tax in rural and urban areas; women and clergy were present in greater numbers than one might expect; and the number of taxpayers grew rapidly in the middle of the nineteenth century, but dropped off after 1914. However, several questions have to be answered before
    [Show full text]
  • A Royal Tragedy
    William Shakespeare's Richard III A Royal Tragedy Acts Three, Four, and Five Notes Provided by WISDOM Home Schooling's Online Socratic Dialogue Progra Dramatis Personae KING EDWARD IV – The leader of the Yorkists, who beat the Lancastrian king, Henry VI, and took his throne. During the final battle that beat the Lancastrians, King Edward was one of the three men who dishonourably stabbed Lady Anne’s husband when he was already down. Edward used to be a great warrior, but has now become sickly, and is more interested in entertainment and women than in feats of courage. Sons to the King: EDWARD, PRINCE OF WALES – About thirteen years old. King Edward IV and Queen Elizabeth’s older son, and heir to the throne of England. Wise beyond his years, and protective of his brother. RICHARD, DUKE OF YORK – About ten years old. Prince Edward’s younger brother, he is second in line to inherit the throne. Less serious than his brother, he is given to joking around and making fun of adults. Brothers to the King: GEORGE, DUKE OF CLARENCE – Clarence is a conflicted man. During the war between the Yorkists and the Lancastrians, he fought on whichever side seemed to be winning at the time. He was one of the three who stabbed Lady Anne’s husband. Despite his shifting alliances, Clarence nonetheless has a deep love for his wife and children. RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER (pronounced “Gloss-ter”), who will one day become KING RICHARD III – Gloucester is a hunchback with a withered arm and a limp.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal 10 November 2006
    SOMERSET HERALDRY SOCIETY CONGRESS 2006 EDITION Journal No 10 November 2006 GRAND SUCCESS OF ST ANDREWS CONGRESS Being a small town and home to an ancient university, St Andrews is very suited to being host to an international gathering of genealogists and heraldists, academic, quasi-academic, and artistic. The Congress made use of university accommodation for lectures and coffee-breaks, for administration, for exhibitions, for eating and sleeping, and above all, for ceremony and pageantry. Lord Dundee, Royal Banner-Bearer, and Lord Maitland, with the National Banner, followed by gonfannons of St Andrews University and St Andrews Community Council The first morning was taken up with registering the delegates and coping with their hundreds of questions and some quite extraordinary requests, all handled with great aplomb by Val Casely, the Congress Administrator, and her assistants. Each delegate was given a pale blue holdall with the congress badge on it and containing an assortment of books and pamphlets, an enamel lapel-pin of the congress badge, and, astonishingly, a beautiful large pewter quaich engraved with the congress badge and “St Andrews 2006”. Also, since this was Scotland, every delegate was given an umbrella. Proceedings opened with a plenary session, a general assembly of delegates, which was addressed by George Reid, presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament. He spoke very well, and in measured non-partisan tones which indicated that he, at least, understood the need for ceremony and pageantry in public life. We also had a rehearsal of the Gaudeamus, the celebratory Latin song traditional in the ancient universities. After a short break, the opening ceremony took place, and it was particularly splendid.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gold Metallurgy of Isaac Newton
    The Gold Metallurgy of Isaac Newton E. G. V. Newman The Royal Mint, London The science of metals had always appealed to Isaac Newton and when, after the conclusion of his remarkable contributions to mathe- matics and physics, he was invited to take charge of the Royal Mint in London he was able not only to display his great gifts as an administrator but also to exercise his interest in metals and alloys and particularly in the metallurgy of gold. For over thirty years Isaac Newton lived the been accorded him for his scientific work despite the secluded life of a scholar. As undergraduate and later endeavours of his friends Samuel Pepys, John Locke Fellow and Professor at Cambridge he was shy and and Christopher Wren to secure for him a public post reserved, careless of his appearance and even more worthy of his stature. He returned to Cambridge and careless of his eating habits. This period came to a there busied himself with experimental work in triumphant conclusion, of course, with the publication chemistry and metallurgy. of the Principia in 1687. It was not until 1696 that an easement came about For a further period of thirty years, apparently by in the form of an appointment that was to effect a an astonishing transformation, Newton served his complete change in his way of life and his financial country as a highly able public official and also as the welfare. This came through the good offices of an leader of the scientific community. The achievements old friend from his undergraduate days at Trinity and the glory of the former period have not un- College whom he had re-encountered as a fellow naturally overshadowed the latter half of his working Member of Parliament, Charles Montagu.
    [Show full text]
  • Histor Y at the Tower
    History at the Tower Your short guide to the history of the Tower of London. Contents Visiting the Tower............................................... Page 2 Brief history of the Tower............................. Page 3 What to see............................................................ Page 5 Frequently asked questions.......................... Page 8 Page 1 Visiting the Tower Unlike most heritage sites, the Tower of London spans almost 1000 years of history, and has been the host of some of the nation’s most significant events. Because of this we would recommend that you plan your trip in advance, using the preliminary visit voucher where possible to ensure your familiarity with the Tower. The following information is a quick guide, broken into several sections: • Brief history of the Tower • What to see • Frequently asked questions about the Tower Please note that some teachers’ notes have also been prepared and can be downloaded from our website. Go to www.hrp.org.uk, navigate to Learning and then select Resources from the Related Links column. Page 2 Brief History of the Tower Roman origins The Tower was built on the south-eastern corner of the wall that the Romans built around Londinium circa AD 200. Parts of this wall are still visible within the Tower site. William the Conqueror After the successful Norman invasion, William the Conqueror set about consolidating his new capital by building three fortifications. The strongest of the three was the Tower, which controlled and protected the eastern entry to the City from the river, as well as serving as a palace. Work on the White Tower began in 1078 and probably took twenty-five years to complete.
    [Show full text]
  • The Escutcheon, Journal of the Cambridge University Heraldic & Genealogical Society ______
    The Escutcheon, Journal of the Cambridge University Heraldic & Genealogical Society _______________________________________________________ Contents of Vol 3 No 2 A Message from the President 9 The Queen's Beasts 10 Notice of Society's Annual General Meeting and text of previous minutes 12 Book Review 15 Members Interests 16 Forthcoming Conferences and other events 16 The Editor's Postscript 16 _____________________________________________ A message from the President Welcome to the second part of this year's Escutcheon. This Lent Term has seen a succession of highly successful talks with unusually high levels of attendance. The dedication of some of our members is enormous: at a recent meeting, people had travelled from as far a field as Loughborough, Bury St Edmunds, Guildford and Brighton, and the Annual Dinner will see attendance from throughout the United Kingdom and beyond. Next term brings with it the Annual General Meeting on Saturday, 2 nd May, 1998. The Agenda and official notification are supplied in this issue of The Escutcheon, and I invite members to submit any points for discussion either in advance or at the meeting. Several posts on the Committee will become vacant this year, and I warmly invite nominations for the posts of President, Secretary and Junior Treasurer, as well as for University and Town Committee members . I gather from Nicholas Rogers that the Society's Library has received very little use so far. I recommend that you all at least inspect it at some point, preferably arranging a time beforehand by telephone (3)38824 or e-mail : [email protected]. Nicolas Bell The Queen’s Beasts On Tuesday, 24th February, 1998, a set of five 26p postage stamps featuring the Queen's Beasts was launched by the Post Office.
    [Show full text]
  • Architecture & Finance
    bulletin Architecture & Finance 2019/20 eabh (The European Association for Banking and Financial History e.V.) Image: Bank of Canada and Museum entrance. 29 Sept 2017. Photo: doublespace UNITED KINGDOM Locations of the Royal Mint Kevin Clancy he Royal Mint has a history of over 1000 years and through that time T has had three principal homes: The Tower of London, Tower Hill and Llantrisant. But its locations and the locations where coins in Britain have been made are not nec- essarily the same. For many hundreds of years, the coins used by the peoples of Brit- ain were produced by a myriad of manu- facturers scattered throughout the country operating under licence from the monarch. In the late Anglo-Saxon period, during the reign of Ethelred II (978-1016), coins were being made in upwards of 70 towns and, even after London became more dominant from the fifteenth century, there remained regional centres of minting. Coins issued forth from ecclesiastical bases, like Can- terbury and Durham, and commercially or strategically significant towns, like Calais, retained the right to issue money on behalf of the English crown.1 What a mint looks like and the type of A plan drawn up by William Allingham in 1707 shows the Mint occupying the whole area between the buildings it occupies are closely aligned to inner and outer walls of the Tower of London on the three sides not bounded by the Thames the technology of the age governing the ways in which coins have been made. In Anglo- Saxon and early medieval times, a mint was probably not a great deal more than a few men armed with a furnace and an assort- ment of tools for cutting, weighing, assay- ing and striking small flat discs of metal.
    [Show full text]