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Central Bank of Sri Lanka Volume 35 Number 3 July-September 2015 News Survey 2 Industrial Clusters: The Way Forward Developing a Strategy for Financial Inclusion in 6 Sri Lanka Strategic Asset Allocation: An Important Tool for the Prudent Management of External Reserves IN THIS ISSUE 13 ISSN 1391 3589 The views expressed in the articles are those of the writers Price per copy: Rs. 60.00 and are not necessarily those of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka. Central Bank of Sri Lanka - News Survey / Jul.-Sept. 2015 1 NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC Protect your hard - earned money from unlawful investment schemes ■ The public is advised to stay Institutions Licensed by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka away from investments in to take Deposits from the Public (as at 31.10.2015) prohibited schemes and persons taking deposits without approval. Licensed Commercial Banks Licensed Finance Companies ■ They solicit your funds in various 1. Amana Bank PLC 1. Abans Finance PLC methods and promise you very 2. Axis Bank Ltd. 2. Alliance Finance Co. PLC 3. Bank of Ceylon 3. AMW Capital Leasing and Finance PLC high returns or income in various 4. Arpico Finance Co. PLC 4. Cargills Bank Ltd. forms. 5. Asia Asset Finance PLC 5. Citibank, N.A. 6. Asian Finance Ltd. 6. Commercial Bank of Ceylon PLC 7. Associated Motor Finance Co. PLC What is an 7. Deutsche Bank AG 8. Bimputh Finance PLC 8. DFCC Bank PLC 9. BRAC Lanka Finance PLC unauthorised 9. Habib Bank Ltd. 10. Capital Alliance Finance PLC 10. Hatton National Bank PLC 11. Central Finance Co. PLC deposit? 12. Central Investments and Finance PLC* 11. ICICI Bank Ltd. 13. Chilaw Finance PLC ■ Funds accepted without the 12. Indian Bank 14. Citizens Development Business approval. 13. Indian Overseas Bank Finance PLC 14. MCB Bank Ltd. 15. City Finance Corporation Ltd. ■ Institutions or persons accepting 15. National Development Bank PLC 16. Commercial Credit and Finance PLC such deposits offer you very high 17. Commercial Leasing and Finance PLC 16. Nations Trust Bank PLC 18. ETI Finance Ltd. interest and various benefi ts. 17. Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC 19. George Steuart Finance PLC ■ A large number of such deposit 18. People’s Bank 20. HNB Grameen Finance Ltd. takers, have collapsed in the 19. Public Bank Berhad 21. Ideal Finance Ltd. past and depositors have lost 20. Sampath Bank PLC 22. Kanrich Finance Ltd. their money. 21. Seylan Bank PLC 23. LOLC Finance PLC 22. Standard Chartered Bank 24. LB Finance PLC 25. Melsta Regal Finance Ltd. 23. State Bank of India 26. Mercantile Investments What is a 24. The Hongkong & Shanghai Banking and Finance PLC Corporation Ltd. 27. Merchant Bank of Sri Lanka 25. Union Bank of Colombo PLC & Finance PLC prohibited scheme ? 28. Multi Finance PLC ■ A scheme participated by 29. Nation Lanka Finance PLC Licensed Specialised Banks 30. Orient Finance PLC persons contributing or 31. People’s Leasing & Finance PLC paying a certain amount of 1. Housing Development Finance Corporation 32. People’s Merchant Finance PLC** money where benefi ts to Bank of Sri Lanka 33. Richard Pieris Finance Ltd. their participants are largely 2. Lankaputhra Development Bank Ltd. 34. Sarvodaya Development Finance Ltd. dependent on: 3. National Savings Bank 35. Senkadagala Finance PLC 4. Pradeshiya Sanwardhana Bank 36. Serendib Finance Ltd. • an increase in the number of 5. Sanasa Development Bank PLC 37. Singer Finance (Lanka) PLC participants in the scheme, 6. Sri Lanka Savings Bank Ltd. 38. Sinhaputhra Finance PLC 39. Siyapatha Finance PLC 7. State Mortgage and Investment Bank or 40. Softlogic Finance PLC • an increase in the 41. Swarnamahal Financial Services PLC 42. The Finance Co. PLC contributions made by the Keep in Mind… 43. The Standard Credit Finance Ltd. participants. 44. TKS Finance Ltd. • The Central Bank regulates and supervise the 45. Trade Finance & Investments PLC ■ Various structures or methods above named institutions under the relevant 46. UB Finance Co. Ltd are used to attract and expand laws to promote prudence in their business 47. Vallibel Finance PLC the number of participants. operations and thereby safeguard the * Managed by the managing agent appointed by the Central deposits. However, the Central Bank does not Bank of Sri Lanka. In the mean time deposit mobilisation These easily mislead you and has been suspended. have legal authority to guarantee deposits or encourage you for high returns **Managed by the managing agent appointed by the assure that any such institution will never fail. Central Bank of Sri Lanka. on your contribution. • The Central Bank has introduced a Deposit For further inquiries ■ These schemes may collapse Insurance Scheme to repay deposits up to Bank Supervision Department sooner or later and you will Rs.300,000 per depositor in the event of Tel : 0112 477659, 0112 477120, 0112 477129 loose your money. a failure of a bank or a fi nance company Fax : 0112 477711 supervised by it. Email :[email protected] Accepting deposits without • When depositing money in any of the above Non-Bank Supervision Department Tel : 0112 477500, 0112 477504, 0112 398614 approval and participation institutions, please exercise due care for the & conduct of prohibited Fax : 0112 477738 safety of your deposits. Email : dsnbfi @cbsl.lk schemes are illegal. Web: www.cbsl.gov.lk Central Bank of Sri Lanka - 2 News Survey / Jul.-Sept. 2015 Industrial Clusters: The Way Forward N. Janagan Assistant Director (On release to the Ministry of Finance) Introduction prudent cluster formation will help the country to boost value added production and export earnings. An industrial cluster refers to a geographically proximate group of interconnected companies, Economic Benefits of Industrial Cluster specialised suppliers, service providers and Developments associated institutions in a particular field that exists in a nation or region, which drives wealth creation Currently, Sri Lanka is moving towards upper in a nation or region, primarily through export of middle income status from lower middle income goods and services. Clusters typically include a status. In order to achieve a GDP of US$ 150 group of companies in an industry or use the same billion and US$ 7000 per capita income by technology and share infrastructure, suppliers and 2020, all three sectors (Agriculture, Industry and distribution networks. Firms that provide support Services) in the economy need to play a critical services and raw materials come together with role. In this regard, implementing industrial cluster like-minded firms in related industries to develop strategies will offer significant opportunities to research activities and efficient resource utilization boost the country’s industrial production as well to take advantage of market opportunities. as export earnings. With proper implementation of Cluster development initiatives are an important industrial clustering, infant industries can get the new direction in economic policy, building on opportunity to work with the major players in the earlier efforts in macroeconomic stabilization, industry and develop themselves and increase the privatization and market opening and reducing the industrial output, which will enable the country to costs of doing business. achieve economies of scale while mitigating inter- industry competitive fears. Further, working with In general, industrial clusters can be classified clusters can provide most promising opportunities into three broad categories, namely Geographical to encourage innovation, develop particular worker Clusters, Constructed Clusters and Emerging skills, and address issues that affect the efficiency nation-wide Dispersed Industrial Clusters. and productivity. Strong domestic industrial clusters Geographical clusters are formed based on can also help to attract foreign direct investments their location-specific advantages. In Sri Lanka, (FDIs) to the country. Since early-1990s, most Moratuwa wood industry cluster is an example countries in the world have adopted industrial of the geographical cluster. Industrial Estates cluster policies for increasing business competence and Industry Specific Export Processing Zones and developing strong regional economies. Silicon are examples of constructed industrial clusters. Valley and San Diego in the United States, Toyota Emerging clusters constitute agglomerations of Cluster in Japan, Baden-Wuerttemberg cluster in industrial enterprises located in different parts of Germany, Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park the country. Electrical and Electronic (EE) industry in China, Cambridge Techno pole in the U.K. are cluster is an example of this category. Timely and some of the successful examples of large scale Central Bank of Sri Lanka - News Survey / Jul.-Sept. 2015 3 clusters set up by advanced countries to enhance back arrangements to enhance sustainability of the their industrial production and strengthen their production villages. However, electric/electronic national competitiveness. sub-sector as well as automobile industry sub- sector were not selected for cluster development Characteristics of Industrial Cluster Policies under USAID’s “The Competitiveness Program” (TCP) project. Industrial cluster policies are a range of policies developed and carried out by the government In order to avoid the middle income trap and for the purpose of nurturing a specific industry become an upper middle income country, Sri Lanka in a particular area or reinforcing the innovative has to focus on product diversification. Likewise, capability of existing industries. Prudent and in light of