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(Reptilia: Archosauria) from the Late Triassic of North America
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20(4):633±636, December 2000 q 2000 by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology RAPID COMMUNICATION FIRST RECORD OF ERPETOSUCHUS (REPTILIA: ARCHOSAURIA) FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC OF NORTH AMERICA PAUL E. OLSEN1, HANS-DIETER SUES2, and MARK A. NORELL3 1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964; 2Department of Palaeobiology, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6 and Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G5; 3Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024 INTRODUCTION time-scales (Gradstein et al., 1995; Kent and Olsen, 1999). Third, Lucas et al. (1998) synonymized Stegomus with Aeto- To date, few skeletal remains of tetrapods have been recov- saurus and considered the latter taxon an index fossil for con- ered from the Norian- to Rhaetian-age continental strata of the tinental strata of early to middle Norian age. As discussed else- Newark Supergroup in eastern North America. It has always where, we regard this as the weakest line of evidence (Sues et been assumed that these red clastic deposits are largely devoid al., 1999). of vertebrate fossils, and thus they have almost never been sys- tematically prospected for such remains. During a geological DESCRIPTION ®eld-trip in March 1995, P.E.O. discovered the partial skull of a small archosaurian reptile in the lower part of the New Haven The fossil from Cheshire is now housed in the collections of Formation (Norian) of the Hartford basin (Newark Supergroup; the American Museum of Natural History, where it is cata- Fig. -
2002 NMGS Spring Meeting: Abstract-1115
PROVENANCE OF THE HOLOTYPE OF BELODON BUCEROS COPE, 1881, A PHYTOSAUR FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF NORTH-CENTRAL NEW MEXICO (ABS.) Spencer G. Lucas1, Andrew B. Heckert1 and Kate E. Zeigler2 1New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Rd NW, Albuquerque, NM, New Mexico, 87104 2Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131 In the Fall of 1874, Edward Drinker Cope (1840-1897) collected Triassic vertebrate fossils in an area just north of Gallina, Rio Arriba County, NM. Subsequently, Cope's hired fossil collector, David Baldwin, obtained other Triassic vertebrate fossils in north central NM. Among the fossils Baldwin sent Cope is an incomplete phytosaur skull, AMNH (American Museum of Natural History) 2318, the holotype of Belodon buceros Cope, 1881. This skull is the first phytosaur skull described from the American West, and its exact provenance has never been ascertained. The holotype skull has a packing slip written by David Baldwin that indicates it was "Sack 5. Box 5" shipped to Cope on 21 June 1881. The shipping manifest written by I Baldwin, in AMNH archives, states the following for fossils shipped that date: "Sack 5. Box 5. Large reptile head, southeastern side of Rincon, Huerfano Camp, Arroyo Seco, end of snout or jaw dug out showing some front teeth, June 1881." The Arroyo Seco drainage is near Ghost Ranch in Rio Arriba County, and Baldwin evidently collected some of the syntypes and referred specimens of the dinosaur Coelophysis here in 188l. Furthermore, Baldwin's use of the term Huerfano camp may refer to Orphan Mesa (Huerfano is Spanish for orphan), an isolated butte just south of Arroyo Seco. -
Studies on Continental Late Triassic Tetrapod Biochronology. I. the Type Locality of Saturnalia Tupiniquim and the Faunal Succession in South Brazil
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 19 (2005) 205–218 www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Studies on continental Late Triassic tetrapod biochronology. I. The type locality of Saturnalia tupiniquim and the faunal succession in south Brazil Max Cardoso Langer* Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeira˜o Preto, SP, Brazil Received 1 November 2003; accepted 1 January 2005 Abstract Late Triassic deposits of the Parana´ Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, encompass a single third-order, tetrapod-bearing sedimentary sequence that includes parts of the Alemoa Member (Santa Maria Formation) and the Caturrita Formation. A rich, diverse succession of terrestrial tetrapod communities is recorded in these sediments, which can be divided into at least three faunal associations. The stem- sauropodomorph Saturnalia tupiniquim was collected in the locality known as ‘Waldsanga’ near the city of Santa Maria. In that area, the deposits of the Alemoa Member yield the ‘Alemoa local fauna,’ which typifies the first association; includes the rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon, aetosaurs, and basal dinosaurs; and is coeval with the lower fauna of the Ischigualasto Formation, Bermejo Basin, NW Argentina. The second association is recorded in deposits of both the Alemoa Member and the Caturrita Formation, characterized by the rhynchosaur ‘Scaphonyx’ sulcognathus and the cynodont Exaeretodon, and correlated with the upper fauna of the Ischigualasto Formation. Various isolated outcrops of the Caturrita Formation yield tetrapod fossils that correspond to post-Ischigualastian faunas but might not belong to a single faunal association. The record of the dicynodont Jachaleria suggests correlations with the lower part of the Los Colorados Formation, NW Argentina, whereas remains of derived tritheledontid cynodonts indicate younger ages. -
From the Upper Triassic of North-Central New Mexico
Heckert, A.B., and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2002, Upper Triassic Stratigraphy and Paleontology. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 21. 189 THE TYPE LOCALITY OF BELODON BUCEROS COPE, 1881, A PHYTOSAUR (ARCHOSAURIA: PARASUCHIDAE) FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF NORTH-CENTRAL NEW MEXICO SPENCER G. LUCAS, ANDREW B. HECKERT, KATE E. ZEIGLER and ADRIAN P. HUNT lNew Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Road NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375 Abstract-Here we establish the stratigraphic and geographic provenance of the "Belodon" buceros Cope. The holotype, originally collected by David Baldwin in 1881, is an incomplete phytosaur skull discov ered near "Huerfano Camp" in north-central New Mexico. This skull is the first phytosaur skull de scribed from the American West, and its precise provenance has never been established. Baldwin's use of the term Huerfano Camp may refer to Orphan Mesa, an isolated butte just south of Arroyo Seco. Fossils collected by Baldwin, and our subsequent collections from Orphan Mesa, are from a fossilifer ous interval high in the Petrified Formation of the Chinle Group. These strata yield a tetrapod fauna including the aetosaur Typothorax coccinarum and the phytosaur Pseudopalatus, both index taxa of the Revueltian (early-mid Norian) land-vertebrate faunachron. "Belodon" buceros is correctly referred to Pseudopalatus buceros (Cope) and is an index taxon of the Revueltian land-vertebrate faunachron. Keywords: phytosaur, Belodon, Pseudopalatus, Revueltian INTRODUCTION and its exact provenance has never been ascertained. Here, we establish the geographic and stratigraphic provenance of the ho In the Fall of 1874, Edward Drinker Cope (1840-1897) trav lotype of Belodon buceros and discuss its taxonomic position and eled through parts of north-central New Mexico and the San Juan biostratigraphic significance. -
Tetrapod Biostratigraphy and Biochronology of the Triassic–Jurassic Transition on the Southern Colorado Plateau, USA
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 244 (2007) 242–256 www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Triassic–Jurassic transition on the southern Colorado Plateau, USA Spencer G. Lucas a,⁎, Lawrence H. Tanner b a New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Rd. N.W., Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375, USA b Department of Biology, Le Moyne College, 1419 Salt Springs Road, Syracuse, NY 13214, USA Received 15 March 2006; accepted 20 June 2006 Abstract Nonmarine fluvial, eolian and lacustrine strata of the Chinle and Glen Canyon groups on the southern Colorado Plateau preserve tetrapod body fossils and footprints that are one of the world's most extensive tetrapod fossil records across the Triassic– Jurassic boundary. We organize these tetrapod fossils into five, time-successive biostratigraphic assemblages (in ascending order, Owl Rock, Rock Point, Dinosaur Canyon, Whitmore Point and Kayenta) that we assign to the (ascending order) Revueltian, Apachean, Wassonian and Dawan land-vertebrate faunachrons (LVF). In doing so, we redefine the Wassonian and the Dawan LVFs. The Apachean–Wassonian boundary approximates the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. This tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Triassic–Jurassic transition on the southern Colorado Plateau confirms that crurotarsan extinction closely corresponds to the end of the Triassic, and that a dramatic increase in dinosaur diversity, abundance and body size preceded the end of the Triassic. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Triassic–Jurassic boundary; Colorado Plateau; Chinle Group; Glen Canyon Group; Tetrapod 1. Introduction 190 Ma. On the southern Colorado Plateau, the Triassic– Jurassic transition was a time of significant changes in the The Four Corners (common boundary of Utah, composition of the terrestrial vertebrate (tetrapod) fauna. -
Evaluating the Ecology of Spinosaurus: Shoreline Generalist Or Aquatic Pursuit Specialist?
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Evaluating the ecology of Spinosaurus: Shoreline generalist or aquatic pursuit specialist? David W.E. Hone and Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. ABSTRACT The giant theropod Spinosaurus was an unusual animal and highly derived in many ways, and interpretations of its ecology remain controversial. Recent papers have added considerable knowledge of the anatomy of the genus with the discovery of a new and much more complete specimen, but this has also brought new and dramatic interpretations of its ecology as a highly specialised semi-aquatic animal that actively pursued aquatic prey. Here we assess the arguments about the functional morphology of this animal and the available data on its ecology and possible habits in the light of these new finds. We conclude that based on the available data, the degree of adapta- tions for aquatic life are questionable, other interpretations for the tail fin and other fea- tures are supported (e.g., socio-sexual signalling), and the pursuit predation hypothesis for Spinosaurus as a “highly specialized aquatic predator” is not supported. In contrast, a ‘wading’ model for an animal that predominantly fished from shorelines or within shallow waters is not contradicted by any line of evidence and is well supported. Spinosaurus almost certainly fed primarily from the water and may have swum, but there is no evidence that it was a specialised aquatic pursuit predator. David W.E. Hone. Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK. [email protected] Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 USA and Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560 USA. -
A Ne\T Prolacertiform Reptile from the Late Triassic of Northern Italy
Riv. It. Paleont. Strat. v. 100 n.2 pp. 285-306 tav. 1-3 Ottobre 1994 A NE\T PROLACERTIFORM REPTILE FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC OF NORTHERN ITALY SLVIO RENESTO Key-uords: Langobardisaurus pandolfii, New Genus, Reptilia, Diapsida, Late Triassic, Description, Palaeoecology. Riassunto. Vengono descritti due esemplari di Renili fossili raccolti a Cene (Val Seriana, Bergamo), nel Calcare di Zorzino (Norico Medio, Triassico Superiore). I due esemplari provengono dal medesimo strato e presentano caratteri scheletrici pressochè identici, per cui possono essere considerati conspecifici con ragione- vole cerf.ezza. Possono inohre essere classificati come appartenenti all' ordine dei Prolacertiformi. I confronti con i taxa già noti, consentono di ritenerli come appartenenti ad un genere ed una specie nuovi per la scienza: Langobardisaurus pand.olfii. Le caratteristiche dello scheletro suggeriscono infine che Langobardisaurus fosse un rettile terrestre e si nutrisse prevalentemente di insetti. Absúact. A new diapsid reptile is described from the locality of Cene (Seriana Valley, near Bergamo, Lombardy, Northern ltaly) from an outcrop of the Calcare di Zorzino (Zorzino Limestone) Formation (Middle Norian, Late Triassic). It is based on virtually identical specimens, differing only in size. Analysis of available diagnostic characters allows it to be included in the Prolacertiformes, represenring a new genus and species, Langobardisaurus pandolfi probably related to Macrocnemus, possibly to Cosesaums, and to the Tany- stropheìdae. It is assumed here that Langobardisaurus pandolfii was adapted to a terrestrial mode of life and probably to an insectivorous diet. Introduction. The Norian (Late Triassic) vertebrate localities from the Bergamo Prealps (Lom- bardy, Northern Italy) are of worldwide interest for the diversity and importance of their faunas. -
A New Phylogenetic Analysis of Phytosauria (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) with the Application of Continuous and Geometric Morphometric Character Coding
A new phylogenetic analysis of Phytosauria (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) with the application of continuous and geometric morphometric character coding Andrew S. Jones and Richard J. Butler School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK ABSTRACT Phytosauria is a clade of large, carnivorous, semi-aquatic archosauromorphs which reached its peak diversity and an almost global distribution in the Late Triassic (c. 230–201 Mya). Previous phylogenetic analyses of Phytosauria have either focused primarily on the relationships of specific subclades, or were limited in taxonomic scope, and no taxonomically comprehensive dataset is currently available. We here present the most taxonomically comprehensive cladistic dataset of phytosaurs to date, based on extensive first-hand study, identification of novel characters and synthesis of previous matrices. This results in an almost twofold increase in phylogenetic information scored per taxon over previous analyses. Alongside a traditional discrete character matrix, three variant matrices were analysed in which selected characters were coded using continuous and landmarking methods, to more rigorously explore phytosaur relationships. Based on these four data matrices, four tree topologies were recovered. Relationships among non-leptosuchomorph phytosaurs are largely consistent between these four topologies, whereas those of more derived taxa are more variable. Rutiodon carolinensis consistently forms a sister relationship with Angistorhinus. In three topologies Nicrosaurus nests deeply within a group of traditionally Submitted 24 April 2018 non-Mystriosuchini taxa, leading us to redefine Mystriosuchini by excluding 9 October 2018 Accepted Nicrosaurus as an internal specifier. Two distinct patterns of relationships within Published 10 December 2018 Mystriosuchini are present in the four topologies, distinguished largely by the Corresponding author Andrew S. -
Hyperodapedon Gordoni Further Observations Upon
Downloaded from http://jgslegacy.lyellcollection.org/ at University of Virginia on October 5, 2012 Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society Further Observations upon Hyperodapedon Gordoni. T. H. Huxley Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 1887, v.43; p675-694. doi: 10.1144/GSL.JGS.1887.043.01-04.51 Email alerting click here to receive free service e-mail alerts when new articles cite this article Permission click here to seek permission request to re-use all or part of this article Subscribe click here to subscribe to Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society or the Lyell Collection Notes © The Geological Society of London 2012 Downloaded from http://jgslegacy.lyellcollection.org/ at University of Virginia on October 5, 2012 ON HYPERODAPEDON GORDONL 675 47. FcR~n~l~ O~S~RVAT][O~S upon ~EIYPERODAPEDOI~ GORDON][. By Prof. T. tI. HvxL~, F.R.S., F.G.S. (Read May 11, 1887.) [PLA~ES XXYL & XXVII.] IT is now twenty,nine years since, in describing those remains of Stagonolepis t~obertsoni from the Elgin Sandstones which enabled me to determine the reptilian nature and the crocodilian affinities of that supposed fish, I indicated the occurrence in the same beds of a Laeertilian reptile, to which I gave the name of Hyperodapedon Gordoni. I laid stress upon the " marked affinity with certain Triassic reptiles" (e. g. _Rhynchosaurus)of Hyperodapedon, and I said that these, "when taken together with the resemblance of Stagonolelois to Mesozoic Crocodilia," led me "to require the strongest stratigraphical proof before admitting the Palmozoic age of the beds in which it occurs ,' % Many Fellows of the Society will remember the prolonged dis- cussions which took place, in the course of the ensuing ten or twelve years, before the Mesozoic age of the reptiliferous sandstones of Elgin was universally admitted. -
University of Birmingham Description and Phylogenetic
University of Birmingham Description and phylogenetic placement of a new marine species of phytosaur (Archosauriformes: Phytosauria) from the Late Triassic of Austria Butler, Richard; Jones, Andrew; Buffetaut, Eric; Mandl, Gerhard; Scheyer, Torsten; Schultz, Ortwin DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz014 License: Other (please specify with Rights Statement) Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Butler, R, Jones, A, Buffetaut, E, Mandl, G, Scheyer, T & Schultz, O 2019, 'Description and phylogenetic placement of a new marine species of phytosaur (Archosauriformes: Phytosauria) from the Late Triassic of Austria', Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 187, no. 1, pp. 198-228. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz014 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Checked for eligibility 04/02/2019 This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society following peer review. The version of record Richard J Butler, Andrew S Jones, Eric Buffetaut, Gerhard W Mandl, Torsten M Scheyer, Ortwin Schultz, Description and phylogenetic placement of a new marine species of phytosaur (Archosauriformes: Phytosauria) from the Late Triassic of Austria, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 187, Issue 1, September 2019, Pages 198–228, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz014. General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. -
Triassic Vertebrate Fossils in Arizona
Heckert, A.B., and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2005, Vertebrate Paleontology in Arizona. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 29. 16 TRIASSIC VERTEBRATE FOSSILS IN ARIZONA ANDREW B. HECKERT1, SPENCER G. LUCAS2 and ADRIAN P. HUNT2 1Department of Geology, Appalachian State University, ASU Box 32067, Boone, NC 28608-2607; [email protected]; 2New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science, 1801 Mountain Road NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375 Abstract—The Triassic System in Arizona has yielded numerous world-class fossil specimens, includ- ing numerous type specimens. The oldest Triassic vertebrates from Arizona are footprints and (largely) temnospondyl bones from the Nonesian (Early Triassic: Spathian) Wupatki Member of the Moenkopi Formation. The Perovkan (early Anisian) faunas of the Holbrook Member of the Moenkopi Formation are exceptional in that they yield both body- and trace fossils of Middle Triassic vertebrates and are almost certainly the best-known faunas of this age in the Americas. Vertebrate fossils of Late Triassic age in Arizona are overwhelmingly body fossils of temnospondyl amphibians and archosaurian reptiles, with trace fossils largely restricted to coprolites. Late Triassic faunas in Arizona include rich assemblages of Adamanian (Carnian) and Revueltian (early-mid Norian) age, with less noteworthy older (Otischalkian) assemblages. The Adamanian records of Arizona are spectacular, and include the “type” Adamanian assemblage in the Petrified Forest National Park, the world’s most diverse Late Triassic vertebrate fauna (that of the Placerias/Downs’ quarries), and other world-class records such as at Ward’s Terrace, the Blue Hills, and Stinking Springs Mountain. The late Adamanian (Lamyan) assemblage of the Sonsela Member promises to yield new and important information on the Adamanian-Revueltian transition. -
Download a PDF of This Web Page Here. Visit
Dinosaur Genera List Page 1 of 42 You are visitor number— Zales Jewelry —as of November 7, 2008 The Dinosaur Genera List became a standalone website on December 4, 2000 on America Online’s Hometown domain. AOL closed the domain down on Halloween, 2008, so the List was carried over to the www.polychora.com domain in early November, 2008. The final visitor count before AOL Hometown was closed down was 93661, on October 30, 2008. List last updated 12/15/17 Additions and corrections entered since the last update are in green. Genera counts (but not totals) changed since the last update appear in green cells. Download a PDF of this web page here. Visit my Go Fund Me web page here. Go ahead, contribute a few bucks to the cause! Visit my eBay Store here. Search for “paleontology.” Unfortunately, as of May 2011, Adobe changed its PDF-creation website and no longer supports making PDFs directly from HTML files. I finally figured out a way around this problem, but the PDF no longer preserves background colors, such as the green backgrounds in the genera counts. Win some, lose some. Return to Dinogeorge’s Home Page. Generic Name Counts Scientifically Valid Names Scientifically Invalid Names Non- Letter Well Junior Rejected/ dinosaurian Doubtful Preoccupied Vernacular Totals (click) established synonyms forgotten (valid or invalid) file://C:\Documents and Settings\George\Desktop\Paleo Papers\dinolist.html 12/15/2017 Dinosaur Genera List Page 2 of 42 A 117 20 8 2 1 8 15 171 B 56 5 1 0 0 11 5 78 C 70 15 5 6 0 10 9 115 D 55 12 7 2 0 5 6 87 E 48 4 3