Is Ordered As the Last Letter in the Alphabet. Abbott, A

Index

Page numbers in bold refer to figures and tables. The glottal stop (`) is ordered as the last letter in the alphabet.

Abbott, A. Hedley, 243, 247, Akin, David, 7, 7n14, 10, 11, 16, 34, 248, 254, 270, 272, 276, 280, 67, 69, 80, 86, 106 282, 283 Akwa, Benjamin, 427 Abel, Charles, 245, 273 Alafurai, Bishop Leonard, 215n83 Abuòfa, Peter, 128, 217, 219, 233, Alatala, 438 245, 247, 266, 272, 278, 279, Alebiu, Barnabas, 280 280, 281, 282, 290, 292, 294, Alebua, Ezekiel, 24, 25 295, 296, 297, 299, 386, 446 Alexander, Capt. G.G., 374, 375 Maluù, 239–42 Alifiu, 390, 391 William Manson case, 232–38 Aligegeo Experimental Primary Abuòfa, Ruby, 239 School, 20 Acts Alite, Alice, 229 Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 96, 302n5 Alite Harbour, 175 Masters & Servants Acts, 118 Aliwane, John, 271, 279 Pacific Island Labourers Act, All Hallows’ School, Pawa, Uki, 236, 248 388, 427 Amasia, 105, 175, 219, 225, Pacific Islanders’ Protection Act, 97 227n122, 281, 311, 311n42 Polynesian Labourers Act, 97 Amasia (Shadrach), 264 adultery laws, 126, 387, 423, Ambiasim, Thomas, 271, 274 435, 445 American Samoa, 103 Advisory Council, 18, 123 Americans, 15, 16, 93, 94, 111 Afilikwoi, 275 Amina Laki, 228 Afio, 425, 426, 427 ancestral religion, 10, 13, 21, 28, 31, Afoa, 452 41, 43, 51, 59, 60, 62–66, 77, 79, Aiki, Fr Michael, 359n72 80, 81, 82, 129, 134, 135, 136, Aineo, 248, 267, 271 138, 140, 143, 179, 184, 188, Airo, 214, 215 191, 194, 195, 196, 196n25, 215, akalo, 63, 191, 284 257, 259, 284, 286, 289, 290, akalo keni, 67 291, 293, 297, 299, 310, 311, Akalofenda, 281 320, 325, 327, 343, 361, 372, Akaàko, Arthur, 211, 213, 225 406, 410, 446, 447, 455

521 Making Mala

flexibility in, 14–15, 184 St Barnabas College, Norfolk in Queensland, 155, 195, Island, 1130, 151, 152, 160, 257, 390 161, 178, 193, 199, 206, Anderson, Guinevere, 384 209n61, 227, 227, 228 Anderson, Pastor John D., 384 St John the Baptist Church, Fiji, Anglican Church, 34, 312 172, 175 Australian Board of Missions, 152 St John’s Church, Cudgen, Bishop of London, 172 NSW, 178 Bishop Patteson Memorial St John’s Pro-Cathedral, Brisbane, Chapel, 228 Qld, 159 Christ the King Cathedral, Fiu, St Mary’s Church, Pioneer, 210 Qld, 157 Church Missionary Society, 243, Torres Strait, Qld, 152, 159 See also Melanesian Mission; 243n40 Selwyn Mission; ships— Church of the Epiphany, Fiji, 172 Southern Cross Diocese of Brisbane, 151 Angofia, Rex Ringi, 30, 32 Diocese of Carpentaria, 152 Anilafa, Timothy, 254 Diocese of Hawaii, 173 Aniuli, 217 Diocese of Melanesia see Anoano, 448 Melanesian Mission anthropology, 33–34, 185, 194–95, Diocese of Newcastle, 151 293, 407, 443 Diocese of New Zealand, 173 See also Akin; Burt; Codrington; Diocese of North Queensland, Coppet; Hogbin; Keesing 152, 157, 160 Anuta Baita Island, 48 Diocese of Polynesia, 173 Aoba Island, Vanuatu, 94n25, 309 Diocese of Rockhampton, 152, Aoba, Jack, 149 160, 163, 164 aofia, 32, 67, 67n48, 127, 435, 436 Diocese of Sydney, 151 Aola, Guadalcanal, 270, 271, 273, Holy Trinity Church, Fiji, 172 276, 283, 296, 342, 349, 350, Hospital of the Epiphany, 371, 373 Fauaabu, 401, 420, 420, 421, Apia, Samoa, 305 422, 424, 444, 451 Araora River, 372 Melanesian Brotherhood (Ira Ara`iasi, 356, 392, 393, 436, 438 Retatasiu), 196, 229 Areo, 451 New Guinea Anglican Mission, Arfiliu, 248 154 Ariel Harbour see Rokera Southern Cross Log, 83, 100, 142, Arisimae, 299, 356, 357, 359, 390, 201, 240 392, 393, 434, 436, 438 St Andrew’s College, New Armed Constabulary see police Zealand, 198, 198 Armstrong, Thomas Seymour, 310 St Barnabas Church, Tumbulgum, Arthur, James, 311 NSW, 170 artificial islands, 14, 21, 42, 46, 48, 50, 51, 52, 60, 61, 64, 68, 70, 81, 94, 209, 216, 218, 225, 226, 287, 312, 384, 387, 396, 438, 444

522 Index

Asiasi, 387 Baalmoli, 273 Asimani, 270 Baddeley, Bishop Walter, 451 Aswani, Shankar, 310 Baegu, 50, 59, 62, 391, 396, Atkin, Rev. Joseph, 203 398, 408, 441 Atoifi Hospital, 384 Baelelea, 59, 441 Atori, 39 Bahá’í Faith, 191, 295, 300 Au, Rev. Willie, 287 Bali region, 413, 417, 436 Auckland, New Zealand, 101, 130, Ball, Lieut., 89 151, 193, 198, 227 Ballarat, Victoria, 243 Auki see `Aoke Bandler, Faith, 170n104 Aulu, 183 Banivanua-Mar, Tracey, 5, 6–7 Australia, 28, 29, 33, 60, 82, 84, 88 Banks Islands, Vanuatu, 56, 173, 204, Map 7, 97, 136, 144, 171, 179, 205, 209n61, 214 219, 234, 240, 266, 273, 303, Baptist, 140, 169 309, 318, 327, 364, 366, 376, Baramula, Joseph, 156, 215 395, 402, 403, 407, 409, 414, Barata, David, 275 415, 426, 450 Barker, John, 190 deportation of Solomon Islanders, Barley, Jack, 429, 436, 442 219, 242, 243, 248–59 Barnett, Frederic (Frank), 301, 317, White Australia Policy, 29, 219, 326, 327, 334, 366, 367, 368, 242, 248, 295 391, 396 See also New South Wales; Basakana Island, 42, 59, 246, Queensland; Tasmania; 277, 279 Western Australia Basakana Strait, 245 Australian Papua, 332, 343, 345 Basitaloa, Tom, 215 Australian South Sea Islanders, 12, bata (shell wealth) 7, 55–59, 61, 393 29, 32, 99, 105, 120, 170n104, Baunani, 186, 190, 230, 267, 296, 180, 181, 201, 257, 337 323n76, 326, 333, 340, 342, 346 oral history, 29 labour barracks, 351 Queensland Commissioner for school, 264, 326, 333, 345, Pacific Islanders, 31 349, 352 Australians, 15, 22, 29, 318, 342, Beattie John W., 208, 220, 224 370, 429, 450, 451 Bedford, Richard, 86, 122 Indigenous, 106, 111, 117, 271, Bell, William R., 10, 18, 29, 129, 323, 323n76, 333n107, 447 312, 318, 321, 340, 344, 351, Austronesian see languages 352, 363–404, 364, 367, 369, Avondale, Qld, 48 405, 407, 408, 409, 410, 412, Avu, 311, 312 413, 429, 438, 439, 446, 448 Ay Choy, 394 Bellona Island, 4, 44, 103, 250, 303, Ayr, Qld, 148, 150, 157, 160 304n8 A`ama, 427 Bena Islet, 247, 248 Bengough, Charles N.F., 405, 429, 433, 441, 451

523 Making Mala

Bennett, Judith, 9, 12, 82, 86, 87, Brittain, Rev. A., 153, 154, 155, 160 91–92, 93, 126, 135, 175, 307, Brodziack & Co., A.M., 137 340, 341, 342, 374, 402, 413, Bruny, D’Entrecasteaux, Joseph- 419, 431 Antoine Raymond, 89 Bertreux, Fr Jean-Ephrem, 355, 356 Buai, 212 betel palms, 53 Bubuileli Council House, 31 Bina, 65 Map 5, 438, 439 Buchanan, Florence, 147 Bina Harbour, 6, 175, 224, 312, 317, Buderim, Qld, 169, 170 323, 372, 395, 448 Bugotu, Francis, 189, 190, 290 Bingera, Qld, 148, 149 Bugotu, Isabel, 10, 91 Bio, 218 Buka Island, 4, 44, 302 Birkbeck, Mrs, 159 Bullen, H.W., 451 bisi see women bulu cults, 284 Bismarck Archipelago, 4, 43, 44 Buma, 186, 353, 355, 359, 388, Bita`ama, 59, 60, 186, 199, 215, 425, 428 216, 247, 248, 271, 273, 277–81, Bundaberg, Qld, 114, 142, 143, 144, 390, 391, 438 147, 148, 152, 159, 160, 161, Bobongie, Fr Timothy, 359n72 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 178, Bogese, George, 423, 424, 429 179, 213, 214, 232, 234, 236, Boldery & Cheetham, 414 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 249, Boli Passage, Gela, 56, 316 250, 251, 252, 253, 267 Booth, Commandant Herbert, 170 Bundaberg Mail, 234 Booth, Cornelie, 170 Bungana, Gela, 388 Boudoko, 247 Burdekin district, Qld, 29, 150, 157, Bougainville Island, 4, 54, 56, 160, 161, 168 Burinali, 217 90, 302, 340, 354, 431, 450, Burns Philp & Co., 29, 243, 350, 451n5, 457 376, 377, 413, 415, 443 bounty-hunters, 7, 22, 66, 67, 68, 69, Burt, Ben, 34, 67, 80, 86, 105, 106, 131, 364, 390, 391 111, 136, 188, 191, 192, 194, Brands, Miss, 162 195, 284, 289, 290, 297, 297n42 Brenan, John O’Neil, 236 Bu`ai, Henry, 273, 274 Brisbane, Qld, 29, 128, 130, 140, 151, 152, 157, 159, 160, 161, Caboolture, Qld, 159 164, 169, 234, 236, 238 Cairns, Qld, 148, 149, 150, 152, Brisbane City Mission, 140, 250 157, 158, 160, 169, 251, 252 Brisbane Courier, 232 Campbell, Frederick M., 318, 327, Britain, 16, 29, 82, 96, 97, 111, 201, 329, 330, 366, 390 204, 237, 302 cannibals, 5–6, 359, 375, 449, 453 British Admiralty, 98, 303 canoes, 8, 10, 29, 43, 45, 49–50, 49, British New Guinea, 152, 273, 50, 70, 71 Plan 1, 73, 74, 76, 85, 303, 354 87, 88, 89, 92, 96, 97, 104, 105, British Solomon Islands Protectorate, 106, 137, 196, 198, 215n83, 217, 11, 15, 28, 110, 139, 303–06, 218, 219, 220, 225, 226, 228, 406 245, 269, 271, 276, 278, 279,

524 Index

280, 285, 288, 308, 311, 314, census (first), 53–54, 85, 381, 316, 317, 322, 355, 367, 392, 429–34, 430 395, 452 See also demography; depopulation Cape Arascides, 175 Central Medical School, Fiji, 423 Cape Astrolabe, 89, 246, 452, 453 Ceylon, 334 Cape Marsh see Russell Islands Chair and Rule movement see Cape York, Qld, 152, 171 Fallowes movement Cape Zélée, 87, 89, 207 Charters Towers, Qld, 159 Carpenter, W.R. see W.R. Carpenter Childers, Qld, 148, 163 & Co. children, 7, 8, 32, 49, 50, 52n21, 70, Carteret, Philip, 88 73, 92, 96, 131, 144, 155, 156, castaways, 8n16, 48, 85, 92, 93–95, 156, 157, 157, 170, 196, 204, 128 212, 213, 224, 229, 232, 234, Catalina seaplane, 452 243, 251, 258, 263, 269, 272, Catholic Church, 34, 140, 167, 175, 273, 275, 277, 279, 282, 285, 187n8, 189, 192, 199, 231, 264, 286, 288, 290, 293, 304, 323, 291, 293, 299, 323, 323n76, 334, 337, 360, 368, 380, 382, 386, 335–36, 348, 353–60, 358, 371, 390, 401, 410, 427, 432, 450 383, 384, 388, 390, 393, 425, China, 4, 43, 147, 168, 234, 243 427, 451 China Inland Mission, 145, 168, 243, Buma, 186, 353, 355, 358, 359, 263, 265, 266 388, 425, 428 Chinatown, 27, 27, 341, 150 indigenous clergy, 388 Chinese, 15, 117, 163, 254, 394, land purchased, 348, 357 414, 415, 418, 429, 447, 448 Marist arrival, 186, 191, 231, Choiseul, 4, 55n31, 91, 103, 302, 291, 334, 355 304n8, 381, 395, 423, 442, 451, Pacific War, 451 457 Rohinari, 186, 267, 353, 355, Choy, Ay, 394 356, 366, 357, 359, 360, 384, Christenson, Rev. C., 167 388, 390, 392 Christianity, 6, 10, 16, 21, 22, 28, ships, 355 31, 34, 35, 62, 65, 80, 81, 82, Takwa, 427, 428 85, 105, 130, 135, 137, 138, 139, Tarapaina, 56, 186, 323n76, 353, 140–80, 183–300, 301, 311, 318, 356, 359, 388, 392, 393, 438 319, 325, 334, 342, 345, 355, theology, 299, 359 360, 383–88, 425–46, 447, 449, Visale, 359, 360, 392 455, 456, 458, 459 Catholic relations level of conversion, 180 with Melanesian Mission, 354 See also Anglican Church; with SDA, 383, 384 Catholic Church; Queensland with SSEC, 371 Kanaka Mission; Seventh- Cattlin, Edwin, 90 day Adventist; South Sea Caulfeild, Henry St George, 243, Evangelical Mission 247, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, Churches of Christ, 140, 150n27, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 166, 167, 167, 253 323n76

525 Making Mala

Church of England see Anglican courts, 17, 18, 63, 96, 97, 232, 234, Church 236, 237, 321, 382, 383, 397, Clayton, Mrs, 161–62, 164 399, 405, 406, 408, 440–42, 445 Clayton, Rev. J.E., 142, 161, 165 Crichlow, Dr Nathaniel, 401, 402 Clemens, Martin, 434 cricket, 394 climate, 42, 45, 118, 190 Cromar, Jock, 8, 9 clothes, 73, 124, 129, 219, 245, 254, Cudgen, NSW, 148, 170 257, 269n7, 286, 321, 360, 361, cultural flexibility, 14–15, 85 428, 433, 448 currencies, British, 380, 382 Coakley family, 15 currencies, local, 49, 55, 59, 60, 92, Coastwatchers, 29, 450, 451n5 127, 382. coconut palms, 2, 208, 216, 225, See also bata; dogs—teeth as 317n55, 343, 346, 372, 374, 418 wealth; flying-fox teeth as codification of native custom, 440, wealth; porpoise teeth as 441, 442 wealth; tobacco Codrington, Rev. Robert H., 151, Curtis Island, Qld, 151 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 203 Coicaud, Fr Donatien (Donatiey), 80, Dala, 216, 326, 440 358, 359, 428 Dalao, 390 Coicaud, Fr Jean, 80, 359, 360, 390, Damiki, James, 226 392, 393, 366 Daniels, Frederick, 324, 325, Coleridge Bay see Subongi 326, 327 Coles, Rev. James, 147 Daomai, John, 225 Collins, John, 95 Dauramo, 386 Collins, R.J., 393 Dausuke, James, 218 colonial knowledge and ignorance, 80 Davidson, Allan, 194 colonial regulations, 109, 170, Da`i (Gower) Island, 42, 88, 329, 249n54, 340, 366, 373, 376, 377, 452 398, 399, 440 Deck, Catherine (Kathy), 261, 263, Colonial Sugar Refining Co., 163 279, 288, 299, 323n76, 427 Comins, Rev. Richard B., 172, 173, Deck, Jessie, 263 175, 183, 203, 204, 218, 304 Deck, Joan, 427 compensation, 5, 6, 6n10, 10, 25, 28, Deck, John Northcote, 1, 6, 263, 55, 56, 59, 134, 136, 213, 256, 270, 274, 323n76, 335, 345, 286, 291, 314, 343, 360, 363, 348, 375, 386, 401, 427 375, 389, 390, 391, 407, 446 Deck, Norman Cathcart, 6, 7, 8, 9, Cooper, Matthew, 56, 80 264, 335, 345, 348, 400, 427 Coppet, Daniel de, 54, 63, 74, 80, Deep Bay see Takataka 87, 210 Defence Force, Solomon Islands, 15, Corris, Peter, 34, 86, 87, 93, 179, 439, 453 363, 407, 410 Delamo, Harry, 251 cosmology, 35, 55, 72, 74–81, 194, demography, 5, 14, 23, 53–54, 54n29, 196, 361, 457 413, 430, 432, 432n69, 436 See also census; depopulation

526 Index depopulation, 54, 86, 91, 307, 417, District Officers see government 433, 430, 431 officers See also census; demography divination (unu), 280 Deputy Commissioners see Dodo Creek, Guadalcanal, 26 government officers dogs, 43, 220 descent groups, 28, 31, 32, 35, 39, teeth as wealth, 55, 60 43, 46, 48, 50, 62–69, 76, 93, Dolaiasi, Rev. Nat, 387 128, 195, 201, 213, 222, 226, Donaldson, Elizabeth, 168 228, 247, 264, 304, 310, 311, Doolbi, Qld, 166 312, 320, 322, 352, 371, 387, Doorey see Matthews, John 396, 407, 435, 438 Dora, Andrew, 204, 387 Diakafu, 195, 325 Doraweewee, 203, 438 Dickinson, Joseph, 322, 378, 392 Double Bay see `Oloburi Harbour Didi, 239 Douglas, Mr and Mrs, 148 Diocese of Melanesia see Melanesian Drake, Rev. F.V., 158 263 Mission Dring, Miss C.S., 243, , 273, 425 diseases, 14, 53, 54, 86, 96n27, 277, 288, 323n76, Duff Islands, 4, 304 106–07, 117, 139, 184, 186, 190, Dumont d’Urville, Jules S.C., 4n5, 89 351, 401, 419, 431, 432, 433, Dureau, Christine, 34 457, 458 Duu, 330 causation, 132–33, 135 dysentery see diseases colds, 323 dysentery, 133, 340, 344, 400, economy, modern, 10, 17, 25, 256, 402, 410, 419, 430, 432 361, 382, 385, 414, 415, 418, 436 epidemics, 51, 87, 132, 322 depression, 17, 413–18 German measles (Rubella), 132, development, 10, 36 419 See also labour trade; taxation gonorrhoea, 341 economy, pre-European, 55, 73 immunities, 256 See also currencies, local; markets; influenza, 132, 307, 401, 402, trade; wealth items 409, 419, 430, 431, 432 Edge-Partington, Mary, 331 leprosy (Hansen’s disease), 51, Edge-Partington, Thomas, 317, 318, 421, 423 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, measles, 430, 431, 432, 458 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 331, meningitis, 419 332, 334, 335, 365, 366, 387, pneumonia, 132, 402, 432 394, 395, 396, 448 poliomyelitis, 419 education, modern, 20, 25, 31, respiratory, 51, 132, 430, 432 139–81, 197, 208, 230, 425–28, smallpox, 132, 307, 432 439 venereal, 419 See also Christianity whooping cough, 132, 432 education, pre-European, 70 See also depopulation Efate Island, Vanuatu, 149 District Commissioners see ‘eight isles’, 55, 74, 75 Map 6, 135 government officers Elsworth, Edward, 234

527 Making Mala

Eluù, 31 Fauaabu (Kwarea), 59, 186, 199, 401, epistemology, 78–79 420, 420, 421, 422, 424, 443, Erringa, 237 444, 451 Erringa, chief of Saurina, 218 Ferasubua Island, Lau, 77, 175, Erromango, Charley, 167 217, 219, 220, 223, 224, 225, Erskine, Capt John, 9, 96 287, 320 European exploration, 85, 87–89 Feriasi, 282, 282 Eustace, Rev. Alfred E., 147, 168, Ferris, Ken, 428 232, 236, 238, 239, 250 Fia, Rev. Martin, 387 Eustace, L.D., 147, 251 Fifiì, Jonathan, 325 Eva, Rev. Richard, 164 Fiji, 4, 83, 97, 119, 129, 213, 252, 253, 256, 289, 301, 302, 355, Fafanga, Harry, 386 365, 423 Fairymead plantation, Qld, 144, demography, 430, 432 144n10, 145, 148, 149, 161, 258, ex-Fiji labourers, 105, 106, 126, 266, 267, 268, 269, 345 129, 133, 175, 176, 184, 185, Fairymead Sugar Company Ltd, 414, 188, 197, 201, 206, 210, 211, 448, 458 217, 218, 219, 226, 249, Fakaìa, 204, 228, 304 265, 279, 281, 292, 295, 296, Fallowes movement, 11, 418, 434 311, 438 Farapo, 206 Fiji labour trade, 8, 12, 83, 85, Farere, Àtta Cove, 218 86, 93, 94, 98, 101, 102, 112, Farisi, 325 114, 249, 250, 269, 313, 314, Farkyer, Daniel, 272 326, 327, 337, 339, 341, 365, Farulate, Sam, 325 385, 457 fataabu, 32, 47, 66–67, 127, 195, beach bonus, 120, 416 196, 325, 435, 435, 439 Christianity, 171–76, 179–80, fataabu keni, 67, 289 185, 266, 294, 296, 299, 301, Fataleka, 2, 3, 29, 30, 31, 41, 46, 50, 306, 318, 319 59, 62, 64, 65 Map 5, 66n43, 67, education, 459 76, 127, 175, 195, 214, 273, 274, firearms, 125, 306 389, 396, 398, 413, 438, 439, 451 Government Agents, 249, 305, Fatnowna, Cecily, 181 318, 334, 365, 377, 391 Fatnowna, Christie, 84 illegality, 103, 104, 226, 311 Fatnowna, Harry, 181 mortality, 132, 133, 323 Fatnowna, Hazel, 84 plantation culture, 133–35, 137, Fatnowna, John Abelfai Kwailiu see 142, 211, 223, 311, 337, 340, Kwailiu 346, 390, 442, 443 Fatnowna, Joy, 181 plantations, 33, 109, 110 Fatnowna, Lucy, 181 Solomon Islands community, 337, Fatnowna, Noel, 2, 6, 29, 30, 31, 136 340 Fatnowna, Norman, 84 statistics, 102, 110, 121, 178, 337 Fatnowna, Orrani see Orrani violence, 307–09 wages, 121

528 Index

See also Anglican Church; Fox, Charles E., 196, 254, 388 Methodist Mission; Pijin Foòdo, 232, 247, 274, 248, 271, English; Pijin Fijian 272, 273, 274, 275, 277, 279, Fijians in Solomon Islands, 15, 117, 280, 301, 323n76, 327, 333, 226, 323, 323n76, 327, 329, 355, 333n107, 414, 418, 436, 438, 356, 423, 429, 447 451, 452 Filose, Francis B., 409 Frazer, Ian, 80 Finifolota, Rev. Matthias, 388 Fricke, Frederick, 148, 149 firearms, 66n43, 107, 125–26, 213, Fricke, Margaret, 243, 247 313, 328, 389, 390, 399 Fuaga, 217, 223, 225 Firosia, 264 Funusau, Eban, 451 first contact with outsiders, 86–98 Furingi, 392 first settlement on Malaita, 43–46 Furiìsango (Fulisango), 451 First World War, 337, 366, 413 Fusai, 438 Fito (Fiitoò), Peter, 272 Fiu, 156, 175, 186, 198, 199, 210– Gaggin, John, 8, 9 16, 212, 218, 224, 226, 240, 245, Galla, 311 248, 251, 254, 266, 271, 273, Gamour, 241 296, 312, 316, 320, 321, 323n76, Gamu Island, 273 330, 387, 402, 425, 427, 453 Gao, Isabel Island, 10, 76, 91 Florida Islands see Gela Group Gaomae (Ramos) Island, 79 Floyd, Lieut.-Comm., 303 gardens, 44, 52–53, 66, 72, 73, 92, Floyd, Rev. William, 171–72 107, 131, 176, 208, 213, 215, flying-fox teeth as wealth, 55, 60 217, 239, 290, 323, 340, 352, foakali, 439 371, 372, 394, 410, 436, 445 Foate, 199, 214, 216, 224, 311 See also food Fokanakafo Bay, 46, 65, 65 Map 5, Gardiner, Mr, 159 91, 124, 127, 389, 440, 452 Gavutu Island, 243, 246, 247, 270, Fono, 438 271, 272, 276, 277, 283, 306, food, 22, 44, 45, 48–49, 52–53, 55, 353, 382, 415, 450 56, 66, 73, 90, 92, 106, 127, 132, Gaà, Salana (Maegaàsia), 19, 20, 133, 169, 176, 183, 220, 235, 451 239, 251, 256, 281, 288, 316, Gegeo, David, 14, 78–79, 80 320, 328, 362, 374, 394, 397, Gela Group, 3, 11, 15, 43, 48, 55, 410, 429, 432 56, 74, 76, 89, 91, 162, 170, 178, taboos, 66, 73, 299, 343, 383 187, 192, 209n61, 211, 213, 214, Forlesikwa, Samson, 274 218, 221, 225, 230, 279, 296, Forti, 272 304, 306, 312, 316, 317, 330, Foster, Miss, 270 353, 354, 368, 384, 387, 399, Fouia, Lau, 130, 199, 221, 226, 274, 415, 427, 434, 440, 442, 459 274, 427 Gemite, 317 Foulden plantation, Qld, 118 gender, 12, 22, 39, 62, 69–73, 106, Fousaariì, 452 107, 185, 284– 90, 361, 446 Fowler, William, 437 femininity, 13

529 Making Mala

masculinity, 12–13, 36 327, 328, 331, 334, 365, 366, taboos, 81, 196, 286 368, 370, 372, 373, 379, 385, See also women 387, 391, 408, 411, 450 Geotee, Rev. Henry, 387 Resident Magistrates, 307, 316, Geraldton see Innisfail 317, 318n60, 324, 331, 335 German measles (Rubella) see diseases See also Bell; Edge-Partington, German New Guinea, 4, 303, 307 Thomas; Fiji labour German Samoa, 85, 101, 106, 110, trade—Government 117, 118, 119, 126, 133, 171, Agents; Queensland labour 178, 186, 259, 302, 305, 306, trade—Government Agents; 319, 337, 443 Woodford Gibbon, Walter, 386 Grae, Charley, 213 Gibson, Captain, 303 Graham, Major, 169 Gilbert Islands see Kiribati Grange, The, Qld, 161 Gilvete, Joe, 211 Great Depression, 17, 123, 338, 340, Gin Gin, Qld, 148 364, 414, 435 Gizo, 34 Green Hill, Cairns, Qld, 150 Gladstone, Qld Gregory, Qld, 166 Gold Ridge, Guadalcanal, 24 Groves, William C., 426, 428 gonorrhoea see diseases Guadalcanal, 3, 13, 15, 24–25, 28, 43, Goodrich, Capt. James, 124 48, 53, 55, 59, 60, 74, 76, 84, 87, Goodwood, Qld, 166 89, 90, 91, 101, 118, 125, 163, Gori`i, Stephen, 376, 398 189, 273, 276, 283, 306, 317, Gosila, 242 Gounaabusu Village, Kwaio, 258 322, 349, 350, 351, 352, 354, government officers 355, 373, 386, 401, 425, 434 Deputy Commissioners, 98, 303, Christianity, 147, 157, 298, 323, 305, 369 359, 360, 384, 392, 393, direct rule, 13, 395–97 427, 453 District Commissioners, 17, 18 demography, 53–54 District Officers, 10, 13–14, 29, economic development, 33, 37 34, 68, 80, 125, 129, 312, ethnography, 441, 443 318, 363, 395–400, 405, 437, head-hunting, effect on, 457 442, 451 irrigation, 53 headmen, 18, 31, 129, 179, 385, Isatabu Freedom Movement, 388, 393, 408, 409, 438, 439 24–25, 28 High Commissioners, 19, 19, 97, Japanese occupation, 450, 452 98, 249, 302, 303, 305, 307, labour, 101, 103, 110n63, 162, 327, 328, 330, 331, 332, 337, 309, 323, 336, 338, 374, 378 367, 368, 439, 440, 442 land alienation, 458 indirect rule, 13, 34, 398–400, Maasina Rule, 11, 167 411 militants, 449 Resident Commissioners, 18, 36, Native Councils, 442 119, 125, 129, 184, 240, 267, plantations, 312, 371, 389 301, 302, 305, 317, 320, 326, police, 330

530 Index

taxation, 381 Hoasihau, 434 trade, 55 Hogbin, H. Ian, 34, 80, 293, traders, 126 441, 443 Weather Coast, 79, 86, 90 Holthouse, Hector, 96 Guadalcanal Province, 24, 458 Holt-MacCrimmon, Dr Lily, 401, Guidieri, Remo, 80 420 Guinness, Dr Harry, 148 See also Neil MacCrimmon Gualaàlaà, 3, 47 Map 4, 206, Homebush, Qld, 168 281, 296 Homehill, Qld, 157, 160 Gulf of Carpentaria, Qld, 109, 152 homosexuality, 73, 341 Guo, Pei-yi, 80 Hong Kong, 329 Guyles, B., 420 Honiara, 6, 12, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, Gwaelaga Island, Langalanga, 58 29, 32, 33, 36, 73, 87, 97n31, Gwaiàu Village, 232, 373, 279, 280 137, 256, 286, 458, 459 Gwalekafo Village, 438 Hopkins, Rev. Arthur, 80, 83, 127, Gwali Asi, 61 128, 129, 153, 193, 211, 212, Gwaru, 278 213, 214, 215, 219, 220, 221, Gwaunaruù Airfield, 32 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, Gwauùlu, 214, 387 240, 241, 247, 255, 256, 272, Gwounatolo, 427, 428 278, 307, 320, 321, 324, 353, Gympie, Qld, 169 368, 387, 391, 419 Horne, Mr, 171 Halbwachs, Fr Joseph, 427 Hospital of the Epiphany, Fauaabu, Hale, Bishop Mathew, 152 401, 420, 420, 421, 422, 424, Hansen’s disease see diseases 444, 451 Hap Wah plantation, Qld, 150 Hossack, Hugh, 122 Hapsberg plantation, Qld, 148 Howard, Fred, 204, 305 Harding, Judge George, 237 Hulo, 348n31, 350, 351, 372, 373, Harwood, Capt., 94 374, 375 Hauhariì (Sail Rock), 452 human teeth as ornaments, 60, 97, Hauhui, 271, 333, 373, 398 220 Hay, Rev. R.S., 163 Hutchinson, Rev. C.A., 159 head-hunters, 5, 10, 34, 62, 90–91, 126, 131, 453, 459 Iaùra (South Sister) Island, 48, 271 Henry, Alice, 243, 384 Herbert River, Qld, 142, 149, 150, im Thurn, Sir Everard, 337 158, 160, 164, 165 India, 93n22, 144, 146, 147, 209, High Commissioners see government 265 officers Indian labourers, 110, 117, 337 Hill, Ralph B., 352, 366 Indian Ocean, 98 Hilliard, David, 34, 145, 192, 193, Indispensable Reef, 250 261, 263 Indispensable Strait, 87, 89, 90 historiography, 13, 16, 33–34 influenza see diseases Hitee, Fr Donasiano, 359 Ingham, Qld, 148, 150, 157, 158, Hoaredoa, 283 164

531 Making Mala

Inimanu, Billy, 214, 216 Kabbou, 94, 128 Inià, 311 Kai, 219 Innes, Dr James Ross, 421 Kaihione, Petero, 360 Innisfail (Geraldton), Qld, 138, 146, Kailafa, 223 148, 150, 214 Kaiviti (Kai`figi), Jackson, 129, 277, Irofaàlu, Shem, 385, 386 298, 312 Irofiala, Jasper, 451 Kakaluàe, Timothy, 129, 130, 437 Iroi, 217 Kakwari, 330 Irokula, Livae, 386 Kalkie, Maluù, 280 Irokwato, 320, 391, 396, 408 Kalkie, Qld, 148, 238 Iroòta, Paul, 386 Kanaa, Benjamin, 386 Isabel Island, 2, 10, 11, 34, 44, 76, Kanakwai, John, 386 79, 91, 95 Kane, Richard R., 408 Isatabu Freedom Movement, 24–25 Kangaroo Point, Brisbane, 250, 251 Isis district, Qld, 143, 148, 162, 163, Kanole, 438 166, 167, 178, 213, 282 Kanoli, Joel, 386 Islam, 296, 300 kastom, 17, 18, 21, 453, 455, 456 Islands Trading Company, 373, 374 Kasutee, Edward, 387, 388 Israel, Lost Tribes of, 450, 454, 455 Katoomba, NSW, 147, 150, 244, 247 Itea, Ishmael Idumaoma, 29, 30, 31, Keesing, Roger, 6n12, 11, 31, 68, 80, 32, 195, 196n25, 438, 439, 451 289, 325, 363, 407, 410 Iumane, James, 207 Keld, Joseph, 236 Ivens, Rev. Walter G., 39, 48, 61, 76, Kelen, Raymond, 227 80, 91, 126, 176, 185, 193, 195, Keller, Otto G., 327 196, 196n27, 199, 206, 207, 208, Kemakeza, Sir Allan, 25 209, 211, 216, 217, 218, 219, Kenilorea, Sir Peter, 33, 407, 408, 240, 254, 275, 281, 305, 311n42, 440n95 323, 368, 432, 432n69 King George VI School, 20, 264, Ivo, James, 213, 221, 225 428, 448 Iwi Harbour, 234 Kiriau, Rev. George, 387 Kiribati (Gilbert Islands), 4 Jackson, Sir Henry, 249n54 Kirke, Sub-Inspector B., 334, 370 James Cook University, Qld, 29 Knibbs, Stanley G.C., 374 Japan, 15, 117, 234 Knockroe plantation, Qld, 166, 213 See also Pacific War Koa Bay, 245 Javanese, 110, 117 Kobey (Kobi), Daniel, 232, 234, 237 Jeffries, Brig. Charles H., 169 Kohimarama, New Zealand, 151, Johnston, C.F., 147 198, 198, 227 Johnstone River, Qld, 146, 149, Kolombangara, 90, 305 158, 160 Kon Kon, Sam, 271 Jolly, Margaret, 289 Konai, 214 Jones, Rev. J. Francis, 171, 172, 211 Kongori, Alick, 396 Julius, Canon Alfred H., 164, 164n83 Kope Pipiala, 393 Kukum plantation, Guadalcanal, 450

532 Index

Kulijeri (Reid) family, 159 lamo batons, 7 Kumalau, Stephen, 386 land purchased, 284 Küper, NMP Geoffrey, 423 Malayta Company, 370–76 Kwai Island, 3, 186, 199, 206, 223, maoma (mortuary) rituals, 248, 254, 266, 272, 275, 281–84, 133–34 288, 296, 312, 396, 398, 434n74, Mt Tolobusu, 4 438, 448, 452 naval attacks, 327 Kwaiatiboo, 408 Pacific War, 452 Kwaibala (Quibala), 314, 317, 448 passage masters, 124 Kwaidiu, 280 sango dancing, 133–34 Kwaifela River, 348, 372 taro, 446 Kwaifunu, 281 taxation, 129 Kwaihaodowala, 208 trophy bags, 7l Kwailabesi, 215, 384, 401, 423, 428 women, 67, 289 Kwailabesi Hospital, 215, 384, 401, See also Akin; Bell; Keesing 423, 428 Kwaisulia, 8, 94, 124, 127–30, 217, Kwailiu (John Fatnowna), 2, 180, 181 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 225, Kwainauri, Joseph, 311 226, 235, 236, 238, 277, 278, Kwaio, 6, 7, 7n14, 9, 10, 11, 39, 50, 279, 298, 311, 437 58, 59, 62, 63, 68, 79, 81, 435, Kwaisulia, Christopher England 436, 451 (Igilana), 130 ancestral priests in Queensland, Kwaivania, Charlie, 330 195 Kwakwai see Qaqae ancestral worship, 62–63, 64, Kwaliasi, 225 179, 372, 447 Kwaraàe, 6, 46, 50, 59, 62, 66, 67, attack on Bell party (1927), 79–79, 323, 396, 436 312, 327, 363, 405, 407–12, akalo keni, 67, 297 409, 411 ancestral religion, 62, 194 bata, 59 bata, 56, 59 chest ornaments, 60 bridewealth, 444 Christianity, 187, 224, 226, 227, cannibalism, 6 246, 247, 269, 286, 296, Christianity, 191, 210, 212, 213, 384–85 214, 296, 324, 436, 443–44, compensation, 10, 363 454–55 courts, 441, 442 demography, 413, 436 demography, 413 education, 427 descent groups, 67 epistemology, 78–79 foods, introduced, 106 ex-Fiji labourers, 106, 106, 213 genetic studies, 43 ex-Queensland labourers, 251 labour trade, 112, 258, 283, fataabu keni, 67, 289 283n36, 417 genealogy, 455 labour trade attacks, 9 Gualaàlaà, 206 labour trade influences, 133–34, headmen, 398 135, 310 labour trade, 106, 112

533 Making Mala

labour trade attacks, 9 recruiting patterns, 112–19 labour trade illegality, 105 slavery allegations, 99–100 leadership, 66–67 statistics, 83, 86, 101 Native Court, 441 violence, 130–32 Pacific War, 452 voluntarism, 99–100 tafuliàe, 56 working class formation, 118 taxation, 417 See also Fiji; Pijin English; Pijin women, 67, 297 Fijian; Queensland Kwarea see Fauaabu lagoons see Langalanga; Lau; Àreàre Kwaria Bay see Foòdo Lainau (Lainaò), 320 Kwarièkwa, 271, 274 Lambert, Dr Sylvester M., 420, 424 Kwato Mission, PNG, 273 Lamosi, John, 162 Kwaà Cove, 372 Lanaa, Levi, 218 Kwaàla, John, 279, 281 Lancaster, Mr, 148 Kwaìga, 325 Langalanga, 3, 8, 41, 48, 49, 56, 57, Kwong Chong & Co., 394, 414, 415 58, 68, 91, 212, 273, 317, 323, Kwore, Small Malaita, 206 330, 436 Alite Island, 312 La-as-si, 145 bata manufacture, 56–58, 316 Labour Corps, Solomon Islands, 15, Bina Harbour, 317 418, 453 Christianity, 210, 224, 245 Labour Regulations, 340, 365, 373 economy, 415 labour trade, 3, 8–9, 12, 13, 16, 21, gender divisions, 68 22, 29, 34, 35, 51, 98–138, 117, government, 323, 396 378 head-hunting, effect on, 91 attacks, 9, 101 labour trade, 8, 112, 127, 178, BSIP, 188, 336–52, 378 355, 378 cultural kidnapping, 99 Pacific War, 452 firearms, 66n43, 107, 125–26, porpoise hunting, 59 213, 313, 328, 389, 390, 399 proclamation of BSIP, 304 German New Guinea, 103 Rarasu, 314 German Samoa, 101 stevedores, 382, 415, 443, 447 historiography, 86–87 trade, 3 illegality, 93, 103, 104, 311 Langasia, 210 Melanesian Mission recruiting, languages, xxv–xxvii, 3, 21, 22, 35, 203, 204, 210, 211, 213, 217, 43, 46, 47 Map 4, 77, 94, 106, 218, 219, 227–29, 232, 281, 184, 189, 443 388 Austronesian, 4, 43 mortality, 123, 132 Christianity, 14, 173, 190, 191, New Caledonia, 101 192, 206, 207, 214, 249, 254, New Guinea, 103 259, 293, 297, 360 oral testimony, 419 education, 428 plantation culture, 109–11, 134, trading, 3 135–38 Àoke Island, 214, 244

534 Index

See also Pijin English; Pijin Fijian; Leap, The, Qld, 155 Àoke Leauli, NMP Eroni, 423 Lapit, 43, 44 Ledi, Bobbi, 127 Laracy, Hugh, 16, 34, 356, 359, Leli Atoll, 105, 308, 311 360, 423 Leo, Rev. Joseph, 228 Lascars, 93n22 Leong Tong, 394 Lau, 8, 39, 41, 48, 50, 56, 59, leprosy see diseases 61, 68, 76, 77, 80, 90, 96, 98, Levers Pacific Plantations Ltd, 322, 112, 124, 127, 128, 129, 130, 342, 344, 349, 350, 378 155, 175, 198, 204, 220, 222, Levuka, Fiji, 172 330, 235, 235, 274, 287, 418, Libe, Serg. Bob, 169 432, 440 Lilimae, 175, 176 artificial islands, 287 Lillies, Kenneth C., 407, 408, 409 Christianity, 175, 206, 208, 211, Linanaàu, Marcus John, 394 212, 215n83, 216–26, 238, Lini, Walter, Hon Rev., 5 240. 254, 272, 293, 307, 320, Lio, Enoch Jack, 275 330, 384, 387, 391, 401, 419, Lioiaa, Dick, 386 423, 427, 428 literacy, 3, 16, 18, 85, 86, 140, 142, ex-Fiji labourers, 175 176, 178, 179, 184, 186, 249, gender, 73 426, 427, 437, 439, 459 genealogy, 48 Liufakona, Livae, 386 headmen, 388, 437 Livingstone Inland Mission, 145, labour trade, 94, 123, 124, 127, 147, 148 58 128, 129, 272 Lobotalau, leadership, 67, 94, 277, 388, 437 Lofana, John, 283 Lofeah (Lofia), Charlie, 270, 280 naval attacks, 307, 311 Logan, Qld, 159 Ontong Java connection, 74 Loi, 264 passage masters, 94, 298 Lolowai Islet, Àtaa, 218 plantation culture, 134 London Missionary Society, 159, Urasi, 238 167, 171 Walade links, 3, 50, 95, 204, 208, Lost Tribes of Israel, 450, 454, 455 266, 296 Lotaa, 438 Àtaa Cove, 51, 80, 218, 396, 398 Lounga, Saelasi, 310 See also Amasia; Kwaisulia; Loyalty Islands, 99, 140, 164, Renton; Taloifulia 169, 171 386 Laukana, Samuel, Lugard model, 395, 411, 429 Laulana, 199 Luiramo, Charles, 32 Laulasi Island, 304, 323, 452 Lumsden, Norman, 150 Lauà, Isaac, 105, 226, 227n122 Lunga, Guadalcanal, 450, 452 Lawrence, David, 184 Lutheran, 140, 164 Layton, G.E., 163 Lyndon, Victor C., 373 leadership, 15–23, 31, 39, 62–69, 80–81, 127, 129, 130, 145, 292, 411, 435, 437

535 Making Mala

Maabe, Rev. Henry, 387, 453 MacNeill, Ian, 454 Maanaere, 215, 320, 324, 326 Maeana, Joe, 408 Maanakwai, 108, 124, 270 Maeasuaa, 326 Maanawai, 267, 272, 275 Maegaàsia see Gaà, Salana Maanaòba (Ngwalulu) Island, 42, Maekalai, Job, 403 56, 94, 272, 278, 279, 310, 321, Maekali, 438 330, 348 Maena, Alec, 434 Maasina Rule, 3, 4, 6n10, 11, 15–23, Maesiola, Rev. John, 210 33, 34, 35–36, 37, 80, 111, 129, Maetabu, William, 176 130, 179, 180, 186, 234, 264, Mahaffey, Arthur, 129, 306, 307, 265, 385, 386, 405, 406, 418, 311, 313, 317, 326, 328, 428, 434, 451, 455, 459 332, 337 Maasupa, 52 Mahratta, Makeni (Maggie), 178 McArthur, Norma, 431 Mahratta, Timothy George, 144, 459 McBride, Mrs, 386 Mahratta, Tolimcane (Thomas), 178 McBride, Robert, 263, 386 Maifonia, 392 McCabe, George, 311, 312 Maifou, 283 MacCrimmon, Neil, 401, 414 Maikali, Joe, 323 See also Holt-MacCrimmon Maitafu, George, 213 McDougall, Debra, 34 Maitofana, Nathan, 386 McGown, Mr, 375 Major, Sir Charles, 328 MacGregor, Lieut.-Gov. Sir William, Maka Theological Training 354 Institution, 193, 425, 427, 435 McIntyre, Miss, 163 Makambo, 276, 283, 382, 415, 418, McIntyre, Rev. J. McLean, 150, 167, 443, 450 168, 168, 169 Makira (San Cristobal), 2, 3, 11, 12, Mackay, John, 238 16, 34, 43, 55, 55n31, 59, 62, 73, Mackay, Qld, 29, 32, 84, 86, 118, 74, 76, 85, 89, 91, 92, 93, 96, 97, 120, 122, 130, 131, 142, 143, 126, 193, 196, 206, 209n61, 221, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 298, 303, 305 162, 170n104, 181, 431 Christianity, 147n17, 193, 196, Christianity in, 156, 157, 160, 206, 209n61, 221, 298, 352, 161, 165, 166, 167, 176, 177, 354, 425, 427, 436 180, 214, 234, 253, 253, demography, 431, 432n69 273, 431 early European contact with, 85, deportation from, 251 90, 91, 92, 93, 126 Islander hospital, 155 ‘eight isles’ concept, 74 McKenzie, Capt. H., 104 government, 318 Mackenzie, C.C., 312, 317 labour, 338, 350, 351 McKenzie, Mr and Mrs, 147 Maasina Rule, 18 Macknade plantation, Qld, 150 porpoise hunting, 59 Maclaren, Rev. Albert, 152, 153 shell wealth, 55 McLaren, Jack, 252 St Mary’s School, Pamua, 427 McLeod, Bolton & Co., 414 taxation, 381

536 Index

trade and kin links with Malaita, Maluù, 91, 242, 269, 270, 271, 272, 48, 55, 62, 76, 89, 92, 97 275, 278, 279, 282, 292, 295, whaling, 90, 305 296, 307, 323, 363, 395, 438 Makwano, 384, 423, 427 anthropology, 185, 250, 293, 443 Mala Development Company, 414 government, 307, 311, 395, 438 Mala, meaning, 2 headman, 438 Mala Timber Company, 376, 401, 414 markets, 238 Malafou, 317 modern economy of, 328, 376, Malaita Council, 19, 19, 20, 31, 264 385, 414, 418 Malaita Eagle Force, 24, 25, 26, 455 murders, 242, 280, 311, 363, Malaita Province, 37, 81, 458 366, 390 Malapa Island, Marau Sound, naval attack, 311 Guadalcanal, 79 Pacific War, 452 malaria, 45, 48, 54n29, 166, 238, police, 398 240, 276, 329, 341, 344, ramo, 390, 436 430, 433 Spanish influenza pandemic, 432 Malayta Company, 230, 262 Map 13, trade stores, 376 273, 273n17, 296, 323n76, 324, See also Abuòfa; Young, Florence 345–52, 346, 370–76, 378, 382, Maluù Christianity, 186 386, 388, 408, 413, 452 Melanesian Mission, 199, 224, Baunani school, 349 239, 240, 293, 353, 427 Catholic Mission, relationship QKM, 219, 224, 232, 238–39, with, 371 240, 243, 245, 247, 353 communications, 371 SSEM, 216, 253, 293, 294, hospital, 374 323n76, 333, 387 industrial Christianity, 318, 350, mamama, 66, 77, 79 375, 414 Man Chong & Co., 394 labourers, 326, 338, 341, 350, See also Kwong Chong & Co. 351, 353, 373, 378, 382, 408 Manaba, 333, 348n35, 349, 350, land acquisition, 326, 323, 334, 351, 352, 374, 414, 448 342, 346, 348, 349, 372, 373 Manalok, 330 law and order problems, 370, Manbili, Benjamin, 398 372, 375–76, 389 Mandurama, Qld, 153, 155 Pacific War, 452 Mangonia, 218 relationship with SSEM, 190, Manofiu, 241 266–67, 296, 328, 333, Manus Island, PNG, 4, 43, 56 336, 345 Maramasike see Small Malaita trading stations, 349, 414, 415 Maramasike Passage, 2, 3, 21, 41, 50, violations of ancestral shrines, 373 90, 397, 427, 435, 452 See also Fairymead Sugar Maranda, Pierre, 67, 80 Company Ltd Marau, Clement, 205, 209n61 Malekula Island, Vanuatu, 309 Marau, Jack, 84 Mallicolo, Billy, 158 Marau, Martin, 209, 209n61 Maluni, 251

537 Making Mala

Marau Sound, Guadalcanal, 3, 59, Melanesian Brotherhood (Ira 60, 76, 79, 84, 87, 125, 127, Retatasiu), 196, 218, 229, 427 322, 355 Melanesian Mission (Diocese of Maravovo School, Guadalcanal, 453 Melanesia), 35, 100, 101, 128, Marchant, William, 450, 451 130, 151–53, 160, 161, 163, 164, Maré Island, Loyalty Group, 169 164n82, 165, 166, 167, 172, 175, Marian, Qld, 153, 154, 155 176, 183–230, 199, 200, 202 Marist see Catholic Church Map 12 Marita, Paul, 209, 209n61 Fiji, 171–76, 177 Table 3 markets, 51, 210, 217, 238, 239, Fiu, 210–16 240, 272, 275, 278, 316, 321, Lau, 128, 216–27 322, 440 Malaita, 231, 232, 239, 240, 245, Maroochy, Qld, 169, 170 247, 249, 254, 261, 265, 266, Marovo Lagoon, 55n31, 428 267, 269, 272, 275, 278, 281, Maroùmasike see Takataka 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, Maryborough, Qld, 120, 142, 151, 298, 304, 323n76, 328, 334, 159, 164, 167 435 Mason, Rev. Albert, 387, 425, 427 Norfolk Island, 130, 227–29 Mason, Gwendoline, 387, 425 Pacific Islanders’ Fund, 165–66 Masonic Lodge, Tulagi, 451 Queensland, 151, 153, 160–64, Masuraa, Luke, 173, 183, 186, 204, 166, 176, 177 229, 304 recruiting process, 100–01, 199 Matai, Matthew, 272 Saà, 203–10 material culture, 76 Small Malaita, 199, 203–10 fouàtoleeleo, 7 St Barnabas College, 130 hauanoreereo, 7 statistics, 229–30 waìfirua, 7 theology, 190, 192–96 See also bata; canoes; dogs—teeth Mendaña expedition, 2, 53, 87 as wealth; flying-fox teeth meningitis see diseases as wealth; porpoise teeth as Menzies, Dr, 424 wealth Mercer, Patricia, 87 Matthews, John (Doorey), 94 metal tools, 107, 272, 285, 290, 446 Maumolu Naunitu Island, Isabel, 79 See also technology, new Mauritius, 234 Methodist (Wesleyan) Mission Maybury, Florence Edna (née Fiji, 174, 175 Johnson-Kaine), 401 Solomon Islands, 192, 219, 291, Maybury, Dr Lysander Montague, 349, 353, 354 401, 420, 421 migration, 36, 42, 43–45, 48, 51, 65, Maàrumae, 386 65 Map 5, 74, 113 Graphs 1 & 2 Maàsina Forum, 6n10 labour trade, 83, 98–108, 112– Meadowlands plantation, Qld, 153, 19, 133–38, 139, 249–59 154, 155 Mills-Parker, Dr Dorothy, 384, 401, measles see diseases 423, 428 Meke, Stephen, 386 See also Parker

538 Index

Minata, Joe, 215 New Britain, 43, 56, 91, 107, 307 Mitchell, Miss, 263 New Caledonia, 4, 85, 95, 101, 104, Mitchell, Sir Philip, 442 106, 110, 117, 119, 133, 178, Miuldo, Tom, 127 302, 306, 319, 443 Mon Repos plantation, Qld, 161 New Georgia Group, 4, 10, 44, Mono (Treasury) Island, 90, 103, 55n31, 62, 76, 90, 91, 95, 103, 302, 302n3 126, 131, 219, 304, 305, 383, Montgomery, Charles, 453, 454 428, 457 Montgomery, Bishop Henry H., 449 New Guinea, 4, 6, 32, 43, 89, Moona, Thomas, 274 103, 110, 111, 171, 253, 296, Moorhouse, Lieut. Col. Sir Harry, 302, 303, 307, 355, 431, 432, 395, 411, 436 450, 451 Moran, Cardinal Patrick, 355 New Guinea Mandated Territory, 29 Moro movement, 11 New Hebrides see Vanuatu Morris, Rev. William, 162 New Ireland, 43, 91 Mosman, Daniel, 275 New South Wales, 89, 95, 96, 97, Mossman, Qld, 148, 149, 150, 152, 109, 140, 144, 148, 151, 159, 157, 159, 282 163, 169, 170, 177, 345, 414 Mota Island, Vanuatu, 170, 172 New Zealand, 15, 97, 144, 144n10, Mota language (Anglican lingua 161, 162, 164, 173, 197, 198, franca), 162, 173, 256, 292, 198, 201, 203, 206, 420, 427, 427, 428 451, 453 Mota Lava Island, Vanuatu, 204, Ngongosila, 3, 6, 186, 199, 327 206, 211 Bell and Lillies’ graves, 407 Mt Bellenden Ker, Qld, 158 government, 396 Mt Tolobusu, Kwaio, 41 Gualaàlaà, 3, 47, 206, 281, 296 Mulgrave, Qld, 158, 169 illegal recruiting, 227 Musée du quai Branly, France, 7 Melanesian Mission, 219, 281 QKM, 199, 253–54, 266, 272, Naitoro, John, 14, 74, 77, 78, 80 275, 281 Nalaia, 392 schools, 175 Naoniola, 209 SSEM, 199, 282, 282, 283, 284, nationalism, 16, 36 296, 311, 311n42, 323n76, Native Administration Regulations, 324 387, 395, 398 Ngorefou, 128, 186, 198, 199, 211, Native Courts, 17, 405, 440, 213, 219, 222, 223, 224, 225, 441, 442 226, 272, 278, 311, 320, 353, Naumauri, 356 387, 391 Nauteè, Joseph, 386 Nguna, Thomas, 282, 297, 299 Naòniàu, 58 Near Oceania, 4, 5, 6, 13, 86, 307, Nguni, Thomas, 239, 240, 282, 297 431, 432, 460 Nigeria, 411 Nelson, Qld, 149 Nindaroo plantation, Qld, 155 Nelson, Qld Premier Hugh, 160 Nonoòohimae Eerehau, Alike, 63 Nenemo, 438 Noranga, Joe, 212

539 Making Mala

Norfolk Island, 101, 130, 151, 160, orthography, xxv–xxvii 162, 175, 176, 178, 184, 192, Osifelo, Frederick Aubarua, 19 193, 196, 197, 199, 201, 203, Osiskalo, Thomas, 213 203n38, 204, 205, 207, 208, Othanila, 386 209n61, 210, 211, 213, 217, 218, Otoa, Peter, 171 219, 221, 227, 227, 228, 228, Oto`akaloa, James, 386 229, 232, 256, 281, 284, 388 Ouasihu, 438 Norman, Gov. Sir Henry, 237 Norris, C.G., 366 Pacific Forum, 23 Northern Territory, 152 Pacific Islanders’ Fund, 161, 165, Not in Vain, 275 166, 169, 252 Pacific Islands, geographic division, O’Brien, Claire, 34 4n5 O’Brien, J.C., 238 Pacific War, 3, 15, 35, 36–37, 438, Oceania, 443 441, 447, 448, 449, 450–53, 456 Oiu, 204 Packe, Rev. Horace, 173, 175 Olaha, Small Malaita, 198 Palasu`u, 199, 207 Olver, G.T., 243 Palms plantation, Qld, 155 Omba Island, Vanuatu, 214 Papua New Guinea, 4 Onepusu, 209, 248, 258, 261, 267, Parker, Pastor A.F., 384, 423, 428 269, 271, 273, 276, 277, 296, See also Mills-Parker 299, 325, 327, 346, 378, 384, passage masters, 8, 94, 99, 112, 117, 397, 400, 401, 402, 403, 403, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129, 130, 425 217, 236, 298, 341, 342, 364, church, 280 377, 381 Paton, Rev. John G., 243 Pacific War, 453 Patteson, Bishop John Coleridge, school, 179, 425 104, 151, 172n109, 192, 193, SSEM headquarters, 186, 199, 198, 203, 203n38 224, 230, 253, 249, 266, Pau, 209 275–77, 282, 283, 323n76, Penny, Rev. Alfred, 21 333, 345, 352, 359, 386, 388, Pentecost Island, Vanuatu, 54n29, 390, 401 100, 105, 149, 323n76 store, 418 Philip, Jimmy, 274 Training Centre, 426, 427 Phillips, Judge J. Beaumont, 374, 375 Ongamon, Joe, 226 Phillips Lands Commission, 348, Onivero, Fiji, 172 374n30 Ontong Java Atoll, 42, 74, 81, 302, Philp, J.E., 322 304n8, 306, 441 Pijin English Open Plymouth Brethren, 144, Fiji, 118 144n11, 293, 383 Queensland, 3, 118, 119, 128, Order-in-Council, 97, 303, 134, 139, 153, 160, 186, 304n8, 328 214, 221, 234, 238, 241, 252, Orlu Island, 356 256, 341 Orrani (Fatnowna), 2, 181 Samoa, 178

540 Index

Solomon Islands, 2, 3, 16, 85, 86, patrols, 321, 334, 366, 395, 396, 118, 119, 163, 184, 211, 259, 397, 381, 391, 395, 396, 397, 292, 319, 341, 360, 428, 437, 406, 446 438, 443, 456, 457 RAMSI, 27 Pijin Fijian, 86, 118, 140, 173, 175, recruitment, 306, 329, 330, 330, 176, 178, 184, 213, 256, 265, 363, 397, 407 279, 280, 311, 438, 443 regulations, 331 Piko, NMP Gusto Rato, 423 retribution for death of Bell and Pilate, Sam, 248, 269, 283, 297 Lillies and police, 410 Pillans, Charles B., 239, 240, 242 sergeant, 396 Pinnock, Philip, 237 sergeant-major, 435 Pioneer plantation, Qld, 154, sub-inspector, 334, 388, 396, 429 155, 157 tax-collecting, 381, 382, 407 Pioneer River, Qld, 153, 168 ‘Tension Years’, 23, 25 Pioneer Valley, Qld, 29, 143, 153, Tulagi, 334 154, 214 Western Solomons, 18, 319 pneumonia see diseases `Aoke, 314, 320, 323, 330, 331, Poikana, Adela, 360 370–71, 388, 391, 392, 393, Point Cruz, Honiara, 87 394–95, 396 police, 129, 213, 264, 320, 324, 334, poliomyelitis see diseases 338, 366, 369, 371, 394, 395, Polk, George W., 452 411, 417, 437, 429, 437, 438, Polynesia, 4n5, 173 439, 449, 452 demography, 430 armoury, 322 Polynesian Outliers, 4, 74, 81, attack on (1927), 407 85, 429 barracks, 332 Polynesians, 117 Commander, 318, 319, 327, Poole, Rev. A. 172 329, 390 Pope, Billy, 349, 373 corporal, 452 porpoise teeth as wealth, 49, 55, 59, cricket, 394 60, 60, 61, 76, 92, 196, 215, 277, district officer, direct control, 13, 348, 391, 393 185, 327, 329, 364, 367, 391, Port Adam, 95, 96, 98, 124, 204, 395, 396, 404 206, 208, 217, 218, 228, 229, feast, 328 275, 288, 304, 305, 349, 389 Fijian officers, 323, 329 Port Douglas, Qld, 149 firearms, 328 Port Moresby, PNG, 29 first, 307 Potts, Serg. John, 169 Kwaisulia, 225 Pou, South Malaita, 199, 207 labour trade, 252 Pratt, Rev. F., 142 lance-corporal, 394 Presbyterian Maasina Rule, 18 New Hebrides, 243, 253, 261 Maka, 435 Queensland, 140, 142, 150, 158, outstations, 398, 435 161, 165, 166, 167, 168, 168, Pacific War, 451 169, 169n98, 273

541 Making Mala

Pritt, Rev. Francis Drinkall, 157, 158, 268, 269, 272, 273, 275, 279, 164, 165 281,283, 284, 292, 294, 295, Proserpine, Qld, 157 296, 319, 346, 454 Pululahu, 175, 199, 208 farms, 109 Purdy, F.J., 149 firearms, 125, 125n97, 306, 322 Pym, Lieut., 97 Government Agents, 94, 123, 234, 238, 239, 249, 305, Qaqae (Kakwai), 215 310, 334 Qualagau (Kwalagau), 317 illegality, 93, 98, 103, 112 Queensland, 28, 29, 33, 85, 109 mortality, 121, 123, 132, 133, Ambulance Service, 31 311, 431 Commissioner for Pacific oral testimony, 12, 29, 136, Islanders, 31 291, 419 Queensland Christian missions Pacific Islanders’ Fund, 161, 165, Anglican, 151–52, 157–66, 170 166, 169, 252 Baptists, 169 Peri voyage, 103, 104 Churches of Christ, 166 plantations, 2, 33, 118, 118, 138, London Missionary Society, 171 144, 144n10, 145, 148, 149, other missions, 166–70 150, 153, 154, 155, 161, 164, Presbyterian, 167–69 166, 213, 258, 266, 267, 268, Salvation Army, 169 269, 345 See also Queensland Kanaka Polynesian Labourers Act, 97 Mission; Selwyn Mission ramo, 390 Queensland Kanaka Mission, 28, 35, ships, 112 144–50, 146, 199, 232–48, 244, statistics, 83, 86, 101, 102, 110, 246, 261–63 113 Graphs 1 & 2, 119, 153, Malaitan baptisms, 177 177, 177, 309 See also South Sea Evangelical time-expired labourers, 339 Mission trade boxes, 124 Queensland labour trade, 94, 95, violence, 308–09, 312, 327 103, 113 Graphs 1 & 2 voyages, 115, 116 ancestral religion preserved, 196, wages, 112, 120 325, 390 Queensland Pijin English see Pijin Christianity, 139–71, 158, 179, English 183 Qui (Kwai), Jacky, 311 culture, 106, 109, 133, 134, 176, Quibala see Kwaibala 180, 196, 337, 340 Quiramoo (Kwairamo), 251 deportation, 248–59, 302, 303, 337 Raatalo, 242 diseases, 323, 431 Rabaul, PNG, 29 education, 179, 186, 206, 459 racism, 111 ex-Queensland labourers, 176, Rafe, Harry, 398, 438 178, 201, 206, 207, 210, 212, Raitalo (Taloanimae), 436 213, 214, 215, 219, 221, 230, Rakwane, 31, 32, 50, 127, 195, 438 232–59, 258, 265, 266, 267, Rambootan, Henry, 245

542 Index ramo (lamo, namo), 7, 67, 69, 127, Rokera (Ariel Harbour), 87, 199, 204, 208, 299, 310, 311, 320, 386, 426, 428 324, 356, 357, 364, 367, 390, Ross, Harold, 80 391, 392, 408, 435, 436, 438, Rouillac, Fr Pierre, 355 445, 459 Roviana, New Georgia, 91, 304 Ramofolo, of Fuaga, 217, 223, 225 Rowley, Mr, 453 Ramofolo, of Mangonia, 218 Royal Australian Navy, 450 Ramo`alafa, Corp. Beni, 452 Royal Navy Australia Station, 91, Randell, Nigel, 95 96–98, 312 Rarasu, 314 Royal New Zealand Air Force, 453 Rarata Islet, 245 Royalist Harbour see Waisisi Ravai, NMP Malakai, 423 Rua Sura Island, Guadalcanal, 87, Redlands, Qld, 159 355 Reef Islands, 6, 44, 104, 203, 304n8 Rubella see German measles Regional Assistance Mission to Ruddell, L., 243 Solomon Islands, 23, 27, 29 Ruddell, Mrs, 150, 271, 277 regionalism, 21–22, 35, 39, 46–54, Ruddell, Richard, 150, 239, 240, 74–76, 80 271, 277, 282 Rehe, 175 Russell Islands, 43, 55, 323, 334, Remnant Church, 454 342, 349, 350, 373, 374, 375, Rennell Island, 4, 103, 250, 303, 414, 457 304n8, 427, 441 Renton, John (Jack), 94–95, 94n25, Sage, Rev. Charles, 154, 156, 95 , 98, 99, 128 209n60, 213, 214, 216, 323n76 Resident Commissioners see Sage, Rev. Walter H., 209, 213, government officers 323n76 Resident Magistrates see government sago palms, 53, 414 officers Salaimanu, Rev. Nat Rewa, Fiji, 172 Salekana, 31 Reynolds, Rev. Frederick C.T., 170 Salvation Army, 140, 169, 170 Rhodes, F., 94 Samarai, PNG, 29, 273 Rini, Snyder, 27 Samo, 204 Rivers, Archdeacon Arthur, 159 Samoa see German Samoa Roas Bay, South Malaita, 72, 199, San Cristobal see Makira 204, 206,207, 208, 209 Robertson, G.H., 414 Sandars, George Eustace, 429, 433, Robinson, Mary Goodwin, 142, 150, 435, 443 152, 153, 154, 154, 155, 156, Sandiford, Qld, 168 165, 180, 214 Sango, Fataleka, 30 Rockefeller Foundation, 424 sango performances, 443, 444 Rockhampton, Qld, 128, 152, 158, Santa Catalina, 90 160, 163, 164, 234 Santa Cruz, 4, 27, 44, 103, 303, Rohinari, 186, 267, 353, 355, 303n7, 304n8 356, 357, 359, 360, 384, 388, Santa Ana, 90, 125 390, 392 Santa Ysabel see Isabel Island

543 Making Mala

Sapibuana, 198 Clansman, 265 Sasai, Rev. Sam, 387 Dancing Wave, 378 Savo Island, 43, 55, 126, 316, 457 Daphne, 185, 243, 244, 245, 246, Sayven, Alex, 157 247, 248, 254, 266, 267, 269, Sa`a, South Malaita, 2, 91, 104, 112, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 173, 175, 186, 198, 199, 201, 279, 280, 283, 353 203–10, 217, 228, 266, 275, 304, Doris, 330 305, 306, 323n76, 432 Espérance, 89 Schwieger, Frederick, 240, 242, 243 Evangel, 185, 213, 245, 266, 268, Scott, Michael, 12, 13, 34, 431 269, 299, 323n76, 355 Searle, Miss, 263 Fearless, 178, 308, 311, 311n41 Second Word War see Pacific War Hallie Jack, 95 Seiga, 352 Hashemy, 94 Selwyn, Bishop George, 192 Helen, 104 Selwyn, Bishop John, 172 Helena, 114, 115m, 124, 308, Selwyn Mission, Mackay, 142, 150, 310n38 153, 154, 155, 156, 156, 163, Hygeia, 401, 423 165, 166, 167, 215 HMAS Adelaide, 312, 407 Malaitans at, 130, 176, 177, 214, HMAS Biloela, 407 253 HMS Basilisk, 103, 104 See also Robinson; Sage, Charles HMS Cambrian, 225, 312, 317 Senale, John, 271 HMS Curaçoa, 303, 304 Serbas, Barnabas, 211 HMS Dido, 96, 97, 98, 103 Seventh-day Adventist, 34, 191, HMS Goldfinch, 303, 304n8 196n25, 231, 254, 293, 353, 354, HMS Havannah, 9, 96, 98 Map 8 383, 428 HMS Prometheus, 312 Sexton, T.W., 451 HMS Renard, 94 sexuality, 73, 92 HMS Royalist, 124, 204, 304 Shadrach, 264 HMS Sealark, 322, 326 shell wealth, 55n31 HMS Sparrow, 307, 311 See also bata HMS Swallow, 88 Shemuele, 452 HMS Torch, 225, 226, 326, 327 shipping routes, 88 Map 7, 89 Ivanhoe, 262, 272, 284 ships Janet Stewart, 308, 310, 326 Advent Herald, 384 Jeanne d’Arc, 355, 359 Alfred, 90, 94 Lahloo, 242, 307 Ariel, 309n35, 310 Lochiel, 124 Auki, 379, 448 Madeline, 8 Australian, 90 Mala II, 448 Belema, 328 Malekula, 258 Bobtail Nag, 94, 95, 128 Marie, 308 Borealis, 308, 310, 326 Meg Merrillies, 308 Carl, 104 Minota, 308 Christine, 126, 305, 314 Moresby, 243, 270

544 Index

Morinda, 450, 451 Sipolo, Stephen, 264, 434n74 Nukulau, 96, 103, 104, 226, Sipolo, Thomas, 267, 272, 283 227n122, 311, 311n42 Sirifa, 398 Para, 308 Siru, 438 Plato, 95, 97 Small Malaita (Maramasike), 2, 3, Ranadi, 407 41, 48, 67–68, 87, 89, 92, 178, Recherche, 89 187, 398 Renard, 94, 95 Anglican, 140, 176, 193, 196, Roderick Dhu, 236 198, 199, 203–10, 213, 221, Royal Endeavour, 322n76, 254, 266, 294, 323, 355, 387, 350, 373 425, 454 Savo, 308 Catholic, 355, 356, 425 Sea Breeze, 171 Christianity, 140, 179, 213, 221, Southern Cross, 166, 175, 185, 228, 298 198, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, demography, 413, 429, 432 211, 213, 215, 219, 211, 239, economy, 414, 418, 436 240, 269, 353, 389, 432, 453 ex-Fiji labourer settlements, 175 St Jean-Baptiste, 89 government, 389, 391, 436 Sybil II, 250, 327 headman, 438 Sydney Belle, 125, 125n97, labour trade, 104 213, 239 Lau links, 50, 59, 76, 80, 95, 112, Young Dick, 283, 308, 310 127, 204, 206, 208, 209, 218, Verdelais, 355 275, 296, 399 William Manson, 232, 234, 235, leadership, 67, 294 237, 238 Makira links, 76, 92 Shlomowitz, Ralph, 122, 133 native court, 441 Shortland Islands, 4, 34, 56n33, 103, Pacific War, 452 302, 304n8, 313, 321, 399, 450, porpoise hunting, 196 451 QKM-SSEM, 178–79, 275, Siakulu (Liakulu), Lizzie see Telegsem 296, 298 Sikaiana Atoll, 42, 74, 81, 90, 303, Ulawa links, 206, 295, 323, 355 304n8 `Are`are links, 76, 92 Sili, Joe, 319 smallpox see diseases Simanhu, 320 Smith, Sydney Mercer, 239 Simbo (Eddystone) Island, 90, 305, 331 Sogavare, Manasseh, 25 Simmons, Rev. Robert, 387 Solomon Islands Planters’ Simson, M.T., 420 Association, 380 Sinalagu Harbour, 62, 68, 258, 272, Sooquow, 237 275, 283, 311, 325, 344, 393, Sori, Charlie, 281 398, 407, 408, 409, 452 Sori, Enoch, 281 Singhalese (Sri Lankan), 117 South Africa, 239, 364 Sio Harbour, 271 Southern Cross Log, 83, 100, 142, Siota, 193, 209n61, 211, 218, 221, 201, 240 239, 240, 282, 304, 451, 130 Southey, John, 149

545 Making Mala

South Sea Evangelical Church, 28, Spriggs, Matthew, 54, 54n29 261 St Barnabas College see Anglican South Sea Evangelical Mission, 1, Church 6, 13 Map 10, 28, 34, 35, 210, Stanley, Sir Robert, 19, 19 261–300, 261, 263, 270, 276, Stanton, Bishop George H., 152 282, 349, 359, 386, 400, 426 Steley, Dennis, 34 Map 11, 446 Stevens, Frank J., 168 beginnings, 265–74 Still, Rev. John, 203 Bitaàma, 277–80 Stone-Wigg, Canon John, 159 education, 349, 352, 403, 403, strangers, 66n43 425, 426, 427, 439 Strathern, Marilyn, 285 indigenous clergy, 359 Studd, A.H., 400 industrial Christianity, 267, 350 Sua, Peter, 127 Kwai, 199, 281–84 Subongi (Coleridge Bay), 273 land acquisition, 190, 348, 388 Suemai, 311 leadership, 265, 267, 284, 293, Suiasi, 394 323, 323n76, 333 Suinaò, 390, 391, 436 Maasina Rule, 17, 459 Suiwa Village, 312 networks, 201, 230 Sula, 320 Ngongosila, 199, 281–84, Sulufou, 61, 94, 128, 129, 130, 284, 344 155, 216, 226, 320, 387 Onepusu, 177, 275–77, 359, Supone, Martin, 147 345, 384 Suraina, 218, 272 Pacific War, 453 Surioa, Isikiel, 386 relations with Surville, Jean-François-Marie de, Catholics, 353 88–89 Melanesian Mission, 213, Suto, Peter, 280, 283 216, 227, 265, 353, 354 Sutoti, 241 SDA, 353 Sutou, Moses, 267 ships see Daphne; Evangel Suuàba Bay, 50, 51, 56, 91, 112, 296 South Malaita, 178–79, 209, 275, Suva, Fiji, 80, 126, 171, 172, 296, 298, 356 173, 392 statistics, 187n8, 388 Suù Harbour, 39, 271, 273, 274, Talafaina, 279 348, 352, 370, 371, 373, 374, theology, 145–46, 188, 261, 263, 376, 378, 394, 398, 402, 414 294, 370 hospital, 420 trade stores, 418 Suùpaina Bay, 87, 209 women as leaders, 284–85 Svensen, Oscar, 60, 125 See also Abuòfa; Deck; labour Swanson, C.F., 393 trade; Malayta Company; Sydney, NSW, 29, 89, 94, 96, Maluù; Queensland 130, 147, 150, 151, 152, 219, Kanaka Mission; South Sea 234, 239, 240, 244, 247, 268, Evangelical Church; Young; 270, 305, 307, 345, 355, 375, Òloburi Harbour 450, 451

546 Index taboos, 3, 64, 66, 68, 77, 81, 82, introduction of, 107, 123, 230, 134, 135, 136, 189, 194, 196, 337, 380, 381–83, 395, 397 201, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289, See also Bell 291, 293, 297, 310, 325, 343 Taylor, Annie, 270 Taga, 223 Taylor, Frederick, 388, 397, 419 Taiboo, 283 Taylor, John, 100, 101, 105 Taiwan, 4, 43 technology, new, 92, 107, 119–27, Takataka (Deep Bay), 52, 267, 335, 131 360, 417, 440, 452 magic lantern shows, 235 Takwa, 427, 428 voice recordings, 235 Tala, John, 170 Tehara, 264 Talafaina, 232, 277, 279 Tehena, 208 See also Fo`odo Te Kowai plantation, Qld, 153, Talina, 349 154, 155 Talioto, 272 Tekinana, 241 Talo, Fred, 32 Telegsem, Johnson, 204, 206, 207, Taloifulia, Rev. Jack, 130, 155, 221, 221, 228, 288 226, 294, 299, 387 Telegsem, Lizzie (née Siakulu), 206, Tamaia, Frank, 218 207, 221, 288 Tanambogo Island, Gela, 450 ‘Tension Years’, 23–28, 29, 32, 33, 36 Tangtalau, 387 Teoboo, Tome Toloasi, 451 Tanna Island, Vanuatu, 170n104, territory, 62–69 309, 329, 438 See also strangers Tara, Stephen, 204 Tetefou, 283 Tarapaina, 56, 150, 186, 323n76, Thomas, Mrs, 149, 243 353, 356, 359, 388, 392, Thomas, O.C. 149, 243, 247 393, 438 Thompson, Rev. Andrew A., 209 Tarasol-Aurora, Charlie, 149, Thompson, John, 166, 167 271, 272, 274, 279, 280, 281, Three Sisters Islands, 55 283, 297 Thurston, Sir John, 175, 305 Tarasol-Aurora, Louisa, 271, 272, Tikopia, 303, 304n8 274, 279, 283, 297, 301, Timmer, Jaap, 455 323n76, 333 Timor, 4 Taro Blight, 445, 445n113 Tippett, Alan, 188, 192, 197, 229, Tasimboko, Guadalcanal, 189 293, 388 Tasmania, 96, 208 tobacco, 8, 92, 93, 98, 105, 107, 123, Tavangtang-Sandwich, Thomas, 149, 124, 125, 126, 199, 244, 253, 150n27, 272, 275, 282, 297 254, 257, 299, 304, 313, 321, Tawaniahia, 209 348, 357, 374, 379, 380, 381, taxation, 10, 16, 17, 18, 55, 105, 382, 401, 418, 430 123, 129, 341, 363, 364, 379, Toibeu, 247 399, 404, 406, 407, 408–09, 413, Tome, Johnson, 221 416, 417, 417, 418, 424, 425, Tomesulu, Jackson, 351 428, 438, 439, 440, 447, 449 Tomkins, Rev. C. Warren, 158

547 Making Mala

Tonabasia, Jonah, 248 Turner, Rev. W.A., 155 Tong, Leong, 349 Turu, Rev. Charles, 211 Tonga, 15 Tu`wu, Sam, 270 topography, 2, 41–42 Tweed Heads, NSW, 148, 159, 169 Torialli, 264 Twitchell, Bishop Thomas Clayton, Torkon, Benjamin, 156 173 Torres Strait, Qld, 159, 171, 431 tourism, 443 Uguka, 217 Tozer, Qld Col. Sec. Horace, 160 Uhu Passage, 87, 271 Toàbaìta, 51, 56, 59, 232, 296, Uiarai, Joe, 398 327, 396, 400, 413, 443, 443 Uki ni masi (Uki), 55, 74, 76, 126, Anglican, 293 204, 304, 306, 388, 427 anthropology, 34, 80, 293, Ulawa, 3, 55, 89, 91, 104, 175, 203, 441, 443 206, 208, 209, 209n61, 228, 295, economy, 382 323, 354, 432n69, 436 Israel, Lost Tribes of, 455 Ulufaàlu, Bartholomew, 23, 25 labour trade, 112 Upwe, Rev. James, 209, 210 Native Courts, 441 urbanisation, 23–28, 33 Pacific War, 452 Uru Harbour, 59, 91, 224, 225, 226, QKM, 241, 293 227, 248, 258, 308, 311, 324, ramo, 436 325, 348, 384, 410, 447, 452 See also Maluù Uruilangi, 326 trade, 3, 55, 91 USA see Americans goods, 91–92 maritime, 87–93 Vanikoro Kauri Timber Company, See also markets 414 Treaty of Samoa, 337 Vanuatu (New Hebrides), 4, 56, 83, tropes, 1, 5–13, 15, 21, 23, 24, 25, 101, 289, 430, 431, 456, 458 32, 35, 36, 81, 93, 95, 130, 131, demography, 54n29 289, 310, 368, 410, 437, 449, Venasio, 175 453, 454, 459 Victoria, Queen, 303 Truth and Reconciliation violence, 22, 131, 307–08 Commission Report, 28 Visale, Guadalcanal. 53, 359, Try (Tri), Robert, 232 360, 392 Tufnell, Bishop Edward, 151 Vos, Capt. William, 234, 235, Tulagi, 80, 211, 213, 225, 230, 242, 236, 238 243, 244, 246, 249, 252, 253, Vouza, Serg.-Maj. Jacob, 434 257, 258, 276, 283, 296, 302, Vuru, 224 305, 306, 307, 312, 321, 326, 328, 334, 340, 341, 344, 350, Waidala, 248 365, 366, 371, 382, 387, 392, Waikeni, 203 394, 395, 400 Waimaku, Peter, 127 Tumbulgum, NSW, 170, 170n104 Waimasi, 218 Turley, F.W., 167 Wairokai Harbour, 384, 423, 438, 440

548 Index

Waisaki, 311 wealth items see bata; dogs—teeth as Waisele, Ratu, 329 wealth; flying-fox teeth as wealth; Waite, Mr, 386 porpoise teeth as wealth; shell Walade, Small Malaita, 3, 50, 59, wealth 76, 80, 96n27, 112, 127, 173, Wetherell, David, 273 186, 199, 204, 206, 208, 209, Wogale, Edward, 172 218, 228, 266, 275, 296, 305, women, 6, 13, 39, 56–58, 63, 387, 399 69–73, 69 Walker, John, 168 Aboriginal Australian, 447 Waloaa River, 208 bisi, 73 Walsh, Allen W., 329, 330 Fijian, 226, 311, 429 Walu River, Fiji, 137 labour trade, 101 Wariehu, 228 pollution by, 73 Wate, Rev. Willie, 209 seclusion of, 73 Watehou, 198 See also akalo keni; fataabu keni; Wate`ae`pule (Wate), Joseph, 198, gender 203, 201, 203–04, 205, 206, 207, Woodford, Charles, 36, 56, 119, 125, 208, 209, 210, 294, 454 125n97, 126, 129, 184, 210, 213, Watkinson, Joseph, 240, 248, 272, 219, 221, 225, 240, 242, 244, 275, 282, 283 248, 249, 249n54, 250, 253, 267, Wawn, Capt. William, 117, 154, 155 270, 305, 306, 307, 312, 313, Webber, Roger, 454 314, 317, 320, 322, 326, 327, Welieke, 273, 278, 279 337, 355, 365, 367 Western Australia, 149 Woqas, Jonah, 170 Western Pacific High Commission, W.R. Carpenter & Co., 29, 377, 413 18, 19, 97, 301 Wunfor, 272, 275 Western Province, 24n38 Western Solomons, 85, 91, 323 Yandina, Russell Islands, 340, 349, whaling, 89–93 373, 378 Wheatley, NMP Hugh, 423 yaws, 419, 420, 424, 430, 431 White Australia Policy, 29 Yeppoon, Qld, 164 See also Queensland labour Young, Catherine, 144 trade—deportation Young, Ellen, 142n7, 146, 147 White, Geoffrey, 34 Young, Ernest, 273, 345, 348 White, Gordon, 424 Young, Florence S.H., 144–50, 155, White, John, 437 168, 213, 231, 232, 240, 242–48, Whiteman, Darrell, 194 250, 263, 265, 266, 267, 269, whooping cough see diseases 271, 272, 273, 290, 292, 296, Williams, Rev. Percy T., 161–62, 163 297, 298, 345, 353, 356 Williams, Thomas A., 211 Young, Henry, 144 Wilson, Bishop Cecil, 22, 217, 256, Young, Horace, 144n10, 160, 269, 354 273, 345 Wilson, Colin E.J., 412 Wilson, Ellen, 215, 287, 288

549 Making Mala

Àdagege, 124, 127, 128, 129, 219, 220, 220, 226, 235, 330 Àioo Island, 48, 124, 247, 248, 267, 268, 272, 275, 283, 284 Àisasale, 388 Àièda, east Kwaio. 58, 68 Àlakwaleà, 325 Àluta River, 41, 46, 46 Àoke, 32, 210, 230, 302, 319, 331, 394 government headquarters, 140, 185, 186, 191, 219, 229, 230, 299, 300, 314, 317, 318, 320, 321, 323, 326, 328, 332, 336, 337, 359, 363, 371, 393–95 hospital, 333, 423, 424 labour, 340, 350, 447 Maasina Rule, 17, 19 market day, 322 Pacific War, 450–51 police, 329–30, 332, 334, 391, 396, 400 prison, 387 residency, 331, 368, 434 stores, 414–15, 448 Àoke Experimental School, 20, 428 Àoke Island, 212, 214, 244, 273, 311, 314, 316, 323, 349 Àoke, Tom, 271 Àraìasi, Petero, 356, 392, 393, 436, 438 Àreàre, 7, 15, 17, 33, 39, 48, 59, 62, 63, 67, 74, 76, 77, 92 Àrumae, 283, 283n36 Àtaa Cove, 50, 51, 76, 80, 127, 128, 129, 175, 186, 199, 211, 218, 219, 225, 272, 283, 311, 312, 348, 391, 394, 396, 398, 399, 401, 438, 440, 452 Èrièri, 396 Òloburi (Double Bay) Harbour, 209, 268, 268, 269, 409, 410

550 This text is taken from Making Mala: Malaita in Solomon Islands, 1870s–1930s, by Clive Moore, published 2017 by ANU Press, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.