Die Politische Beteili-Gung Im Kanton Glarus

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Die Politische Beteili-Gung Im Kanton Glarus Philippe E. Rochat und Daniel Kübler Die politische Beteili- gung im Kanton Gla- rus Schlussbericht Studienberichte des Zentrums für Demokratie Aarau Nr. 19 Mai 2021 www.zdaarau.ch Finanzierungsnachweis und Projektbegleitung Die vorliegende Studie wurde im Auftrag der Staatskanzlei des Kantons Glarus erstellt. Die Forschungsarbeiten wurden begleitet und validiert von der Arbeitsgruppe „politische Partizipation“. Die Mitglieder dieser Arbeitsgruppe waren: • Michael SCHÜEPP, Staatskanzlei des Kantons Glarus (Leiter der Arbeitsgruppe) • Andrea ANTONIETTI, Gemeinde Glarus-Nord • Hansjörg DÜRST, Staatskanzlei des Kantons Glarus • Magnus OESCHGER, Staatskanzlei des Kantons Glarus • André PICHON, Gemeinde Glarus-Süd • Claudia WILD, Gemeinde Glarus • Walter ZÜGER, Departement Volkswirtschaft und Inneres des Kantons Glarus Impressum Publikationsreihe des Zentrums für Demokratie Aarau (ZDA) Herausgegeben von Andreas Glaser, Daniel Kübler und Monika Waldis ISBN-Nr: 978-3-906918-22-8 Bezugsadresse: Zentrum für Demokratie Aarau (ZDA) Villa Blumenhalde, Küttigerstrasse 21 CH-5000 Aarau Telefon +41 62 836 94 44 E-Mail [email protected] www.zdaarau.ch © 2021 bei den Autoren Inhaltsverzeichnis Executive Summary: das Wichtigste in Kürze ..................................................................................................... i 1. Ziel und Fragestellungen .................................................................................................................................. 1 Teil 1 Beschreibung der Ausgangslage ............................................................................................................. 3 2. Einleitung zur Beteiligungsanalyse ................................................................................................................. 3 3. Teilnahme in der Urnendemokratie.................................................................................................................. 3 3.1 Teilnahme an Wahlen .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Nationalratswahlen 1983-2019 .................................................................................................................................... 5 Ständeratswahlen 1982-2019 ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Landratswahlen 1982-2018 ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Regierungsratswahlen 1982-2018 ............................................................................................................................ 12 Gemeinderatswahlen 2009-2018 ............................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Teilnahme an eidgenössischen Abstimmungen 1983-2019 ............................................................................................... 17 4. Teilnahme in der Versammlungsdemokratie ................................................................................................ 21 4.1 Teilnahme an den Glarner Landsgemeinden ..................................................................................................................... 21 Ermittlung der Teilnahmequote via Fotoanalysen .................................................................................................. 21 Die individuelle Teilnahme: Erkenntnisse einer Umfrage ...................................................................................... 22 4.2 Glarner Gemeindeversammlungen 2008-2019 .................................................................................................................. 25 5. Weitere Formen politischer Teilnahme.......................................................................................................... 29 5.1 Aktive Teilnahme via Memorialsanträge und Petitionen .................................................................................................... 30 5.2 Weitere Foren der Bürgerbeteiligung ................................................................................................................................. 31 Informations- und Diskussionsveranstaltungen .................................................................................................... 32 Neue Formen der Bürgerbeteiligung ....................................................................................................................... 34 Vernehmlassungen .................................................................................................................................................... 36 6. Résumé der wichtigsten empirischen Erkenntnisse .................................................................................... 37 Teil 2 Bevölkerungsbefragung .......................................................................................................................... 39 7. Einleitung zur Bevölkerungsbefragung ......................................................................................................... 39 8. Die Sicht der Glarnerinnen und Glarner auf Kanton, Gemeinden, Medien und Politik ............................. 40 8.1 Leben im Kanton Glarus: Verbundenheit und Zufriedenheit .............................................................................................. 40 8.2 Politische Einstellungen und Meinungen ............................................................................................................................ 42 8.3 Exkurs: Mediennutzung ...................................................................................................................................................... 47 9. Politische Partizipation im Kanton Glarus .................................................................................................... 51 9.2 Die Teilnahmegruppen: immer, selektiv und nie Teilnehmende ........................................................................................ 52 9.3 Die Struktur der empirischen Analyse ................................................................................................................................ 52 Soziale Gruppierung: soziodemographische und sozioökonomische Indikatoren ............................................ 53 Mentale Gruppierung: Einstellungen, Meinungen und Wertvorstellungen .......................................................... 53 9.4 Die Teilnahmehäufigkeit im Kanton Glarus: ein erster Überblick ....................................................................................... 54 Teilnahme in der Urnendemokratie .......................................................................................................................... 54 Teilnahme in der Versammlungsdemokratie .......................................................................................................... 55 Teilnahme zwischen Urnen- und Versammlungsdemokratie ................................................................................ 57 10. Teilnahme an Wahlen .................................................................................................................................... 58 11. Teilnahme an eidgenössischen Abstimmungen ........................................................................................ 62 12. Gemeindeversammlungen ............................................................................................................................ 66 12.1 Die Teilnahme an Gemeindeversammlungen .................................................................................................................. 66 12.2 Ansichten und Erfahrungen mit Gemeindeversammlungen ............................................................................................. 69 12.3 Ausgestaltung der Versammlungen ................................................................................................................................. 73 12.4 (Wieder-)Einführung Gemeindeparlament und Einführung nachträglicher Urnenabstimmungen .................................... 77 13. Landsgemeinde ............................................................................................................................................. 81 13.1 Die Teilnahme an der Landsgemeinde ............................................................................................................................ 81 13.2 Mögliche Reformen .......................................................................................................................................................... 84 14. Schlussfolgerungen ...................................................................................................................................... 89 14.1 Empirische Hauptergebnisse der Teilnahmeanalyse ....................................................................................................... 89 Soziale Schichtung der Teilnahme ........................................................................................................................... 89 Der Einfluss normativer Werte und Vorstellungen ................................................................................................. 91 14.2 Schlussbetrachtung .........................................................................................................................................................
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