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Korean War Atrocities, Hearing, Part 1

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Korean War Atrocities, Hearing, Part 1 KOREAN WAR ATROCITIES HEARING BEFORE THHI SUBCOMMITTEE ON KOREAN WAR ATIlOCbIES OF THE / PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE OM - .., INVESTIGATIONS : - jA-. OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS FIRST SESSION PURSUANT TO S. Res. 40 PART 1 DECEMBER 2, 1963 Printed for the Committee on Government Operations ,,: ~2,:t UNIrnD STArnS GOVERNMEINT PRINTING OBFICl WASHINQTON : 1964 COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS JOSEPH R. McCARTHY, Wisconsin, Chairman KARL E. MUNDT, South Dakota JOHN L. McCLELLAN, Arkansas MARGARET CHASE SMITH, Maine HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, Minnesota HENRY C. DWOKSHAK, Idaho HENRY M. JACKSON, Washington EVERETT McKINLEY DIRKSEN, Illinois JOHN F. KENNEDY, Massachusetts JOHN MARSHALL BUTLER, Maryland STUART SYMINGTON, Missouri CHARLES E. POTTER, Michigan ALTON LENNON, North Carolina FRANCISD. FLANAGAN, Chief Counsel WALTER L. REYNOLDS,Chief Clerk JOSEPH R. McCARTHY, Wisconsin, Chairman KARL E. MUNDT, South Dakota EVERETT McKINLEY DIRKSEN, Illinois CHARLES E. POTTER, Michigan Ron M. COHN, Chdef Counsel FRANCISP. CARR,Executive Director CHARLES E. POTTER, Michigan, Chairmam CONTENTS Page 75 index--------^-----__--------------------------- 76 Testimony of- Allen, Maj. Gen. Frank A., Jr., United States Army, the Pentagon, Washington, D. C ...................................... 57 Kreider, Cpl. Lloyd D., 307th Airborne Medical Battalion, 82d Air- borne Division. Fort Bragg, N. C .............................. 45 McNichols, 1st Lt. Henry J., Jr., Company I, Infantry School De- tachment, Fort Benning, Ga ................................ 40 Martin, Pfc. JohnE., 359th Engineer Aviation Supply Port Company, Bordeaux,France-~------------------------------------------ 27 Milano, William L., Philadelphia, Pa-----_---_------------------- 53 Ridgway, Gen. Matthew B., Chief of Staff, United States Army, The Pentagon, Washington, D. C .................................. 4 Smith, Lt. James B., United States Army, Fort Benning, Ga -------- 59 Todd, Lt. Col. Jack R., JAGC, Chief, War Crimes Division, Office of the Zone Staff, Judge Advocate, Headquarters, Korean Com- munications Zone, Korea .................................... 26 Weinel, Sgt. Carey H., 504th Military Police Company, Fort Eustis, Va-~---------------------------------- 15 Wolfe, Col. Claudius O., United States Army ------------------- 7 SCHEDULE OF EXHIBITS Introduced Appears on page on pa:e 1. Photograph--__-____--------------------------------- 24 * 2. photograph^____-__--------------------------- 27 * 3. Photograph------_----------------- 27 * 4. Photograph ......................................... 27 75 *May be found in the files of the subcommittee. I11 INDEX V ,. Page supreme Commander (United Nations Forces) ----------A ----- ---------. 7 Taejon.................................. 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 26; 29, 31, 47 Triejon jail .................................... 2 - 26, 29, 31 Taejon massacre-------------------------------- 26 Taeju- ................................. 41 Tank No. 21 (Russian movie) ................................. ------- 33 .. Pea for Two (record) --;------------------------------------- 42 Thirty-eighth pargllel~---- --------L-;--------------L8, 9, 21, 34, 35, .69' *&irty-fourth Division--------- ....................... - -- 45 Three hundred and fifty-ninth Engineer Aviation Supply Port Company, Bordeaux, fiance--------------------------------- 27 Three hundred and seyenth Airborne Medical Battalion, Fort Bragg, N. C-- 45 TOdd,Lt.COl.Jack R--------------------------------------- 13, 74 Testimony of------------------------------------------------- 26-27 Tokyo----------------------------------- 9, 52, 68 Tokyo Rose of Korean War (Rice Bowl Maggie) ........................ 48 Tokyo trials------------------------------------------- 9 Treffery, Sgt. Wendell ................................... - - 74 Tucker------------------------------------ 57 Turkish military personnel ................................ - - - 6 Twenty-fifth Division (24th Regiment) --------- ...................... 59 Twenty-fifth Division (27th Infantry) ...................... 53 Twenty-fourth Division .................................. 22, 23, 45 Twenty-fourth Division (34th Regiment) ............................... 45 Twenty-fourth Regiment (Company L)................................ 59 Twenty-fourth Regiment (25th Division) ----------1------------------- 59 Twenty-ninth Regimental Combat Team ................................ 27 Twenty-seventh Infantry (25th Division) ............................... 53 Twenty-third Infantry Regiment (2d Division) ......................... 15 United Kingdom military personnel ------------------ I------------ 6 United Nations ----------------- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 20, 32, 45, 50, 51 United Nations Command ................................. 11 United Nations Forces ------- ----------------------- 3,7,8,9,20,32,45,50,51 United Nations (Air Force)--------------------------------- 50, 51 United Nations (Security Council) .................................... 8 United Nations (Supreme Commander) ................................ 7 United Nations Commission ............................. 1 United Nations General Assembly ............................. 5 United Nations military personnel ............................... 5 United States Adjutant General................................. 6 United States Air Force................................... 5,35,37,42,46,71 United States Armed Forces----------------------------------------- 3, 5-7, 9,11,13, 20, 23, 25, 3335,37, 40, 4246,49, 52,53, 56-59, 62, 72, 74 United States Armed Forces Institute (Japan)......................... 52 United States Army------------------------------------ 2-5, 7,9,11,13,20,23,33,34,41)-42,44,45,49,52,53,56-59,62,72,74 United States Army (Chief of Staff) .................................. 3, 7 United States Army (General Staff) ................................... 9 United States Joint Chiefs of Staff ---- ............................... 57 United States Marines-------------------------------- 5 United States military personnel............................... 5 United States Navy------------------------------------ 5 United States President------------------------------- 8, 41, 55 University of Seoul----------------------------------- 32 Van Fleet, General------------------------------ 13 Vishinsky,Andrei---------------------------------------------------- 1,2 Waegon---------------------------------------------------------- 40,41, 64 Wall Street---------------------------------- 41 War Crimes Commission (Korea) .............................. 3,8,13,14,26 War Crimes Investigating Committee............................... 74 Weinel, Sgt. Carey H------------------ .................... 26,29,30 Testimony of-------------------------------------- 15-25 WestWillow,Pa-------------------------------------- 45 Whitehead, Don------------------------------------- 57, 58 INDEX Page Wolfe, Col. Claudius 0........................................ 74 Testimony of-------------------------------------- 7-15 World War II--------------------------------------- 83 72 Yalta River----------------------------------- 33 Yalu River----------------------------------------- 9 Yongdong-------------------------------- 64, 65 Zone staff judge (War Crimes Division, Judge Advocate Headquarters, Korea)................................ 26 KOREAN WAR ATROCITIES WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1953 UNITED STATESSENATE SWCOMMITTEE ON KOREANWAR ATROCI~S OF THE PERMANENT SWCOMMITTEEON INVESTIGATIONS OF THE COMMITTEEON GOVERNMENTOPERATIONS, Washington, D.0. The Subcommittee on Korean War Atrocities met at 10: 30 a. m., pursuant to call, in the caucus room, Senate Office Building, Senator Charles E. Potter, chairman of the subcommittee, presiding. Present : Senator Charles E. Potter, Republican, Michigan ; and Senator Joseph R. McCarthy, Republican, Wisconsin. Also present: Senator Henry C. Dworshak, Republican, Idaho; Senator Barry Goldwater, Republican, Arizona ;and Robert L. Jones, research assistant to Senator Potter. Also present, the following staff members of the Permanent Sub- committee on Investigations : Francis P. Carr, executive director ; Donald P. 07Donnell,assistant counsel ;Ruth Young Watt, chief clerk. Senator POTTER.The snbcommittee will come to order. The subcommittee is appointed by the chairman, Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin, chairman of the Senate Permanent Subcom- mittee on Investigations. With me I have Don 07Donnell,who is a special counsel who has been handling the work for the atrocities investigation. On his left is Frank Carr, executive director of the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. On my right is Robert Jones, of my office, who has been working with the hearings. Within the past few weeks we have heard much about vicious war atrocities committed by Communists against allied troops in Korea. Our Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge presented the background and nature of some of these atrocities to the United Nations. Yesterday the Soviet spokesman, Andrei Vishinsky, attempted to repudiate these charges, saying that American claims represented nothing else but deliberate lies and propaganda. I may say that I was extremely pleased that Ambassador Lodge yesterday called for the establishment of a United Nations Commis- sion to investigate war atrocities in Korea. If, as Vishinsky claims, these atrocities were a "cowardly" ma- neuver to cover the worst crimes perpetrated between American mili- tary circles-then we shall call his bluff. Let the chips fall where
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