DOCSLIB.ORG

PARALLEL MOTION GRIPPERS Parallel Motion Grippers Represent a Highly Versatile and Flexible Design

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PARALLEL MOTION GRIPPERS Parallel Motion Grippers Represent a Highly Versatile and Flexible Design �ITT ENGINEERED FOR LIFE • UNIQUE PATENTED DESIGN • INTRODUCTION • PREMIUM QUALITY • Com-Pick and Com-Pick II grippers are designed for use • PROMPT DELIVERY • in industrial applications such as robotics, pick-n-place, automated assembly, and manipulator/tooling. All units feature a self-contained, double-acting Compact Air SALES: 864-647-9521 Cylinder actuator. "Generic" grippers can be mounted to any manufacturer's robot, manipulator or actuator by way TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE: 864-647-9568 of an adaptor flange. Low unit weight, high output and FAX:864-647-9574 compact size are features of all models. Special materials, tooling, and adaptor flanges are available upon request. Alp,OCM:t$1iKJ1lUfOCf\1edunctor 1 01 more folowingOf the US polenls- 114,167.13'1 H,<YMOO, ld,566,727 .#4,72J.:,OO 14.723.81)6 .l•.903.93J 14,92<.758 IS.070,767 .15,113.746 .#5,117.743 #5.135.32? 15,135.329 15,245,911 Compact Air stocks all units in component form. Seal 15.269,346 , 15,290,981 .. 15.293.015 15.333.6.\6 ,15.363.742 . 15.351.603 15.A37,a<O ... I M56, 16I .. 15.479.956 15.522.302 .. ,#89 904334 3·2301 options, jaw options, sensor options, etc., can be easily 011""US and r01"9'p01oot, pondng ,pecllco!loN !he 11-.. In bullolin "'8 believed lo be OOCUf018('lnd f8olloble_lowevef, I ll 1$ 1h8,esponsbltly ol lheJ)IOdUCt U5ef fo OOIOO'T\lno added at assembly for prompt delivery of all variations. the,-,llobllfy of Compocl� nroo.rcts I()( O ,oocif,c cqilcQtloo'Mllloproc>.,cls bv Compocr,,. 10 oo dofocttvore,,IOcod. "41tJo no ki>li,V lS -~ms.mod be,onclwch •e,ilocOOlll(lf St>oc•lcotlonslo Sl.bj8ct chanu<>without noftco Compoct HuSl<V, ful•COOt Snop,CC>). CiOa1llcl. com•�. and \MJl1U Closs,_,.,,.,c:1 OIO011 ll<X1<lmollt$ of CompactP!oduc1' />; lr,c SECTION A ANGULAR MOTION GRIPPERS Angular motion grippers represent the lowest cost design. The air cylinder is an integral component of the overall gripper length (Dimension B). The piston actuator pushes the cam, or yoke, forward, rocking/pivoting the jaws open. The pull stroke closes the jaws. A four-way valve circuit is required for control. Both two and three jaw designs are offered. Round and square body styles are stocked. Gripping force formulas, unit weights, and dimensions are included in this section. SECTION B TRUE PARALLEL MOTION GRIPPERS Parallel motion grippers represent a highly versatile and flexible design. The integral pneumatic cylinder pushes the jaws open. The jaws slide along two hardened guide rods providing rigid, long lasting true parallel motion. The pull stroke closes the jaws. A four-way valve circuit is required for control. All units are of two jaw design. Gripping forces, formulas, unit weights, and dimensions are included in this section. SECTION C OPTIONS FOR ALL GRIPPERS Options include: Actuator Seals Comtronic(-> limit sensors Adjustable jaw travel SECTION D APPLICATION IDEAS A brief summary of applications. Photos and drawings show tooling ideas, specials, and unusual applications. 1 SECTION ANGULAR 2 & 3 JAW MOTION COM-PICK A GRIPPERS PNEUMATIC GRIPPERS INTROD CTION Angular motion grippers represent the lowest cost design. The air cylinder is an integral component of the overall gripper length (Dimension 8). The piston actuator pushes the cam, or yoke, forward, rocking/pivoting the jaws open. The pull stroke closes the jaws. A four-way valve circuit is required for control. Both two and three jaw designs are offered. Round and square body styles are stocked. Gripping force formulas, unit weights, and dimensions are included in this section. ENGINEERING DATA SELF CONTAINED ACTUATOR MATERIALS All models feature Compact Air cylinder Actuators are aluminum alloy with nylon rod actuators as an integral, yet self-contained, bushings. Pivot head is anodized aluminum component. Cylinders feature low profiles, for low weight and high strength. Jaws, if low weight aluminum alloy bodies, and stain­ purchased, are "1018" steel in soft form. Pivot less steel piston rods. All units are pre­ joints are hardend and ground dowel pins. lubricated for life. ACTUATOR SE ALS TO OLING As standard, actuators are packed with seals Com-Pick grippers are "generic" in standard of Buna-N rubber. Temperature limits are from form. You can make your own jaws/fingers ° ° ° o• F to 200 F (-1 8 C to 90 C). All actuators are (pivot drawing available on request), pur­ prelubricated at the factory and do not require chase our soft blank or pre-modified "L" additional lubrication. jaws, add "V" blocks, pads, sensors, etc. Also, Seal options - Section C. see Section D. THEORETICAL GRIPPIN',FORCE FORMUIAc - 2 Jaw Ty � (Pre-calculated reference - next page.} F • .750 072 == F x .437 112 = F • .562 162 == Modified 187 + X .234 • X .281 + X Blank F• .937 F•l.187 F• 1.437 Jaws 202= 252 == 302 = .281 + X .469 • X 469+X F • 1.875 F • 2.375 F • 2.375 402= 412 502 = .578 + X = .578 • X .578 + X 602 F • 2.375 802= F x 2.75 = 625 • X .812 • X "X" DISTANCE FROM GRIPPER FACE TO CENTERLINE OF GRIPPED PART "F" CYLINDER OUTPUT (Piston Area x PSI) "X" SERIES 070 110 160 200 250 300 400 500 600 800 3 4 6 � 3/4 1-1/8 1-5/8 2 2-1/2 5 PISTON PUSH .4 2 3 5 7 12.5 19.6 28.3 50.3 AREA OPEN , 2 PULL .36 .8 1.7 2.7 4.5 65 12 19.2 27.5 49.5 ____,.______,.I I l IN. CLOSE Any Gripper THEORETICA .. Gnlr IN<? 1 1"'>RCE FOC MULA - 3 Jaw 1ype (Pre-calculated reference - next page) Use formula's above, then multiply by% below SERIES 073 113 163 253 303 403 503 603 803 72% 57% 79% 85% 70% 80% 78% 100% 100% 2 SECTION ANGULAR MOTION COM-PICK 2 & 3 JAW A GRIPPERS PNEUMATIC GRIPPERS ENGINEERING DATA- continued PRESSURE RATINGS PNEUMATIC Clean, dry or lubricated - 5 PSI TO 200 PSI HYDRAULIC Consult Factory 2 Jaw Pre-Calculated Gripping Forces (In Pounds) Nominal finger/ Jaw lengths (Material "1018" steeQ Stocklengths listed on page 9 Calculations below are theoretical figured @ 100PSI - Jaw length eauals·x:i variable in formula on previous page FINGERLENGTH 072 112 162 202 252 302 402 412 502 "602 "802 14 45 404 684 1485 1881 2949 4136 1" OPEN 117 219 7633 CLOSE 13 36 99 197 363 635 1425 1806 2889 4019 7512 25 909 2" OPEN 8 65 123 240 407 1151 1805 2560 4919 CLOSE 7 20 55 110 216 378 872 1105 1768 2488 4840 5 45 289 3" OPEN 17 85 171 655 829 1301 1854 3628 CLOSE 4 13 38 n 153 269 628 796 1274 1801 3570 • • OPEN 35 65 132 225 511 648 1016 1453 2874 4" • CLOSE . 29 59 119 209 491 622 996 1412 2828 • • • OPEN 53 108 420 532 834 1194 2379 5" • • • 183 CLOSE 47 97 170 403 510 817 1161 2342 Gripping force is constant at any position of opening. If using 80 PSI, multiply above by 80%, 125 PSI multiply by 125% • Long tooling not recommended on small grippers .. Not stock items 3 JA PRE-CALCULATED GRIPPING FORCES Multiply above forces by % given below SERIES 073 113 163 253 303 403 503 603 803 % 72% 57% 79% 85% 70% 80% 78% 100% 100% ESTIMATED UNIT WEIGHTS (w/o Jaws or Fingers) (lbs) SERIES 07 11 16 20 25 30 40 41 50 60 80 2Jaw .28 .50 1.2 1.75 3.0 4.0 7.8 9.0 10.8 N/A N/A 3Jaw .30 .49 1.0 - 2.5 3.7 7.2 - 10.0 N/A N/A r>OIJBLE ROD END ACTUATORS All COM-PICK Grippers are available with a double rod end actuator. (Part Nos. "ROG," "SOG" and "BOG"). The double rod end actuator allows indication of jaw position via limit switch or proximity switch. Example: As jaws open - the rod retracts. As the jaws close, the rod extends. Rod travel is variable depending on unit size. Also see Piston Sensors in section C. COMPACT AIR PR ODUCTS 3 SECTION 1 11 ANGULAR STYLE 1 SG RECTANGULAR 1/2 11 BORE BODY GRIPPER 2 MOTION Snap-Cap (End Mounted and Base Mounted) JAW A GRIPPERS ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Design Design features three standard 1/2" BORE 2-JAW ANGULAR GRIPPER mounting patterns Gripper shown with 1 • jaws • available with or without jaws. See pages 9 and 10 for additional options. Pressure Rating: 3 to 125 PSI Clean, dry or lubricated air (air only) MOUNTINGHOLES DRILL THRU & C'BORE FOR Estimated Unit Weight: #4SOCKET HEAD SCREW SG052 = .08 lbs. / ASG052 = .11 lbs. (2PLACES) 111 0-32PORTS 24 7/32 5/32 ��---, ___,_[' t 13/64 � ._ STYLE SG052 17/32 ._ STYLE ASG052 25 /32 •.001 ·LOO MOUNTINGHOLES MOUNTINGHOLES .375 DIA. X 1/8 DP. 116-32 TAP X 3/8 DP. #8- 32 TAP X 1/4 DP. ALIGNMENT POCKET (2PLACES) (2PLACES) +==t4i;:ror-------:---�,, -r--- ==\a 1.0 L 3/4 -.-_____,_ 1.0 i .5 00 3/8 --------- - 9, 1/2 7/16 1/8 DIA. X 1/4DP. FOR SENSOR MOUNTING 1/4 ORIENTATION PIN TRACK STYLE SG052_ 1-3/16 (STYLE ASG052ONLY) 3/4- (DESIGN ACCOMMODATES STYLE ASG052 1-7/16 ONE SENSOR ONLY) ENGINEERING PATA Theoretical Gripping ACTION Piston Gt = Gripping force Force Formula Area ln.2 F X .375 Push/Open .2 A = Distance from gripper face to centerline of gripped part Gf • Pull/Close .15 (see sketch) .156+A QUICK REFERENCE CHART Dimension "A' Action Pre-Calculated Gripping ForceAt 100PSI (GI) PUSH/OPEN 11.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • P1359 Robust F HD-HDP.Pdf
    (2007 =>) Users manual for frontloader ROBUST F HD / HDP 3311981 b Englisch P 1359 STOLL ROBUST F HD / HDP Table of contents page 1 Before operating 3 2 General safety information and prevention of accidents 5 2.1 Safety decal (=> 2007) 12 2.2 Safety decal (2007 =>) 13 3 Technical data 14 4 Description 16 5 Practical Application 18 5.1 Operation 18 5.1.1 Operation 19 5.1.2 Operation 20 5.2 Hydraulic system 21 5.3 Attaching of drive-in loader unit 22 5.4 Removal of the drive-in front loader 23 5.5 Mechanical single lever control unit SLV (option available) 26 5.5.1 Type 26 5.5.2 Definition of working directions 27 5.5.3 Definition of actuating directions 27 5.5.4 Additional functions joystick buttons 28 5.5.5 Operation fast stroke device 29 5.6 Quick installation and removal of attachments 30 5.7 Hydraulic implement control with switchable fast-stroke valve 31 5.8 Hydraulic diagram HE + HD 33 5.8.1 HD (standard – basic version) 33 5.8.2 HD (full equipped version) 34 5.9 Electrical Equipment HD 35 5.9.1 HD (standard – basic version) 35 5.9.2 HD Fully equipped electric version with 2-pole socket 36 5.9.3 HD Fully equipped electric version with 7-pole socket 37 5.10 Toogle switch 3rd Control circuit 38 5.11 Hydraulic parallel guidance of the implements 39 5.11.1 Advantages of hydraulic parallel motion ( HS = Hydraulical Selfleveling ) 39 5.11.2 Operation 40 5.11.3 Function 42 5.12 Control unit for "parallel motion" 43 5.13 Hydraulic diagram HDP 44 5.13.1 HDP (standard – basic version) 44 5.13.2 HDP (full equipped version) 45 5.14 Electrical
    [Show full text]
  • The MUNCASTER Steam-Engine Models EDGAR T
    The MUNCASTER steam-engine models EDGAR T. WESTBURY glances back with a modern eye toosome classic models of the past N THE COURSE of the long history caster is well remembered as a special- fore, need despise the crude and Of MODEL ENGINEER-now, in- ist in the design of all types of steam primitive types of models produced I cidentally, approaching 60 engines, whose excellent drawings of by beginners, so long as they lead on to years-many notable designs and many types of stationary and marine the more realistic types which were engines in early volumes of the M.E., Muncaster’s speciality. descriptive articles have been pub- and also in the handbook Model The simplest form of engine de- lished which have established tradi- Stationary Engines, published nearly scribed by Muncaster is one having a tions or marked milestones of half a century ago, provided scope single-acting oscillating cylinder (Fig. progress in model engineering. for the talents of innumerable con- 1) and this will commend itself to Not only are these remembered by structors. many readers, not only on account old readers but they are often the H. Muncaster was a practical of its simple construction, but also subject of considerable discussion. draughtsman who not only had a because it can be built without castings. and requests for further information wide experience of steam-engine design It is of the type which would now be about them are constantly encountered. but also obviously had a love and classed as “ inverted ” vertical, having A few of the authors of these features devotion to his craft, and to all the cylinder below the crankshaft, are still with us, and in one or two things mechanical.
    [Show full text]
  • 141210 the Rise of Steam Power
    The rise of steam power The following notes have been written at the request of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Transport Division, Glasgow by Philip M Hosken for the use of its members. The content is copyright and no part should be copied in any media or incorporated into any publication without the written permission of the author. The contents are based on research contained in The Oblivion of Trevithick by the author. Section A is a very brief summary of the rise of steam power, something that would be a mighty tome if the full story of the ideas, disappointments, successes and myths were to be recounted. Section B is a brief summary of Trevithick’s contribution to the development of steam power, how he demonstrated it and how a replica of his 1801 road locomotive was built. Those who study early steam should bear in mind that much of the ‘history’ that has come down to us is based upon the dreams of people seen as sorcerers in their time and bears little reality to what was actually achieved. Very few of the engines depicted in drawings actually existed and only one or two made any significant contribution to the harnessing of steam power. It should also be appreciated that many drawings are retro-respective and close examination shows that they would not work. Many of those who sought to utilise the elusive power liberated when water became steam had little idea of the laws of thermodynamics or what they were doing. It was known that steam could be very dangerous but as it was invisible, only existed above the boiling point of water and was not described in the Holy Bible its existence and the activities of those who sought to contain and use it were seen as the work of the Devil.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 173 Plate 1 Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum
    U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 173 PLATE 1 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 173 CATALOG OF THE MECHANICAL COLLECTIONS OF THE DIVISION OF ENGINEERING UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BY FRANK A. TAYLOR UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1939 For lale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. Price 50 cents ADVERTISEMENT Tlie scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings series, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collec- tions of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organi- zations and to specialists and others interested in the different sub- jects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes. Tlie series of Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, contains separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of type specimens and special collections, and other material of simi- lar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear vol- umes under the heading Contrihutions from the United States Na- tional Eerharium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Steam Engines of Which We Have Any Knowledge Were
    A T H OROUGH AND PR ACT I CAL PR ESENT AT I ON OF MODER N ST EAM ENGI NE PR ACT I CE LLEWELLY DY N . I U M . E . V i P O F S S O O F X P M L G G P U DU U V S Y R E R E ERI ENTA EN INEERIN , R E NI ER IT AM ERICAN S O CIETY O F M ECH ANI C A L EN G INEERS I LL US T RA T ED AM ER ICA N T ECH N ICA L SOCIET Y C H ICAGO 19 17 CO PY GH 19 12 19 17 B Y RI T , , , AM ER ICA N T ECH N ICAL SOCIET Y CO PY RIG H TE D IN G REAT B RITAI N A L L RIGH TS RE S ERV E D 4 8 1 8 9 6 "GI. A INT RO DUCT IO N n m n ne w e e b e the ma es o ss H E moder stea e gi , h th r it j tic C rli , which so silently o pe rates the m assive e le ctric generators in f r mun a owe an s o r the an o o mo e w one o ou icip l p r pl t , gi t l c tiv hich t m es an o u omman s our uns n e pulls the Limited a sixty il h r , c d ti t d n And t e e m o emen is so f ee and e fe in admiratio .
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Steam- Engine
    CHAPTER III. THE ·DEVELOPJIENT OF THE .AfODERN STEAM-ENGINE. JAAIES WA1'T A1VD HIS OONTEJIPORARIES. THE wol'ld is now entering upon the Mechanical Epoch. There is noth­ ing in the future n1ore sure than the great tl'iu1nphs which thn.t epoch is to achieve. It has ah·eady u<Jvanced to some glorious conquests. '\Vhat111ira­ cle� of invention now crowd upon us I Look ab1·oad, and contemplate the infinite achieve1nents of the steam-power. And· yet we have only begun-we are but on tho threshold of this epoch.... What is it but ·the setting of the great distinctive seal upon the nineteenth century ?-an advertisement of the fact that society .hns risen to occupy a higher platfor1n than ever before ?-a proclamation f1·01n the high places, announcing honor, honor imn1ortal, to the �vorlunen who fill this world with beauty, comfort, and power-honor to he forever embahned in history, to be pet·petuated in monuments, to be written in the hearts of this and succeeding generations !-KENNEDY. I.-J w SECTION A?rlES .A.TT AND HIS INVENTIONS. \ • . THE success of the N ewcomen engine naturally attracted the attention of mechanics, and of scientific men as well, to the p9ssibility of making other applications of steam-power. The best men of the time gave much attention to tl1e subject, but, until ·James Watt began the work that has made him famous, nothing more ,vas done than to improve the proportions and slightly alter the details of the Ne,vco­ men and Calley engine, even by such skillful engineers as Brindley and Smeaton.
    [Show full text]
  • Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Four Bar Walking Machine Based on Chebyshev’S Parallel Motion Mechanism
    European International Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 8 October, 2014 Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Four Bar Walking Machine Based on Chebyshev’s Parallel Motion Mechanism K. Manickavelan, Balkeshwar Singh*, N. Sellappan Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Section Salalah College of Technology, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman *Corresponding Email: [email protected] Abstract A mechanism is the heart of a machine. Machines are mechanical devices used to accomplish work. Since ancient time, mechanisms and machines have been used to reduce human effort. They have entered and impacted almost all aspects of human society since the industrial revolution. It is the mechanical portion of machine that has the function of transferring motion and forces from a power source to an output. This research paper involves the design, synthesis and fabrication of a four bar link kinematic walking machine. These kinematic walking machines have four-legged that can walk on any surface. It is an arrangement of six linkages that are powered together by a single motor. The rotation is transferred by chain drive to the links. This device is analogous to a four-legged such as an animal. The motor can either be powered by mains or a battery. The kinematic walking machine comprises four legs that move simultaneously to provide motion. Each of these four linkages are made of a four bar mechanism. This mechanism is based on the Chebyshev’s parallel motion. The Chebyshev linkage is a mechanical linkage that converts rotational motion to approximate motion. His equation defines the dimensions and relations of the links. Four driving links have 90° angular difference.
    [Show full text]
  • Kinematic Analysis of Crank Shaft for Diesel Engine
    International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications Volume 7–Issue 09,298-302, 2018, ISSN:-2319–7560 Kinematic Analysis of Crank Shaft for Diesel Engine Maung Maung Yi Su Yin Win Thwe Thwe Htay Department of Mechanical Department of Mechanical Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering, Engineering, Technological University Technological University Technological University Thanlyin, Myanmar Thanlyin, Myanmar Thanlyin, Myanmar Abstract: As the crankshaft is subjected to complex bending shear and twisting loads, it needs to be well designed and manufactured in good quality material to withstand the stress. As these stresses may change in direction and magnitude as the crankshaft rotates. In the balancing of the crankshaft, it needs to consider both the static balancing and dynamic balancing. In design calculation of crankshaft kinematics of crank gear, indicator diagram, force acting on the crankshaft and torque acting to the major journal and crank pin are important. The influence of the forces due to inertia both the reciprocating and rotating masses must be taken into account as accurately as possible, especially for high speed. The engine is four cylinders, four-stroke engine, and compression ratio is 20. The maximum power output of the shaft is 70.4 kW at 3200 rpm. The crankpin diameter and length are 56 mm and 31 mm, the main journal diameter and length are 65 mm and 32 mm. The operating conditions of cranks gear elements characterized by the forces which appear in them at various engine duties. Keywords: velocity, gas pressure, inertia force and net force 1. INTRODUCTION a = displacement of the plane of travel of the piston pin axis The crankshaft serves as the main rotating members, or shaft from crankshaft axis of the engines.
    [Show full text]
  • WATT Mechanism Suite 2004 Manual
    Watt 1.6.4 Manual WATT Mechanism Suite 2004 Manual Heron Technologies bv P.O.Box 2 7550 AA Hengelo The Netherlands 1 Watt 1.6.4 Manual Proprietary notice Heron Technologies bv, owns both this software program and its documentation. Both the program and the documentation are copyrighted with all rights reserved by Heron Technologies bv. See the license Agreement and limited Warranty for complete information. Graphic design and packaging design: Artline, Enschede, the Netherlands Copyright Notice Copyright © 1995-2004 by Heron Technologies bv Hengelo, the Netherlands All rights reserved. First Printing Februari 2001 Second Printing April 2002 Third Printing September 2002 Fourth Printing November 2003 Fifth Printing May 2005 Trademarks Microsoft Windows, Excel and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp. Literature Erdman, A.G. and Sandor, G.N., ‘Mechanism Design: Analysis and Synthesis, Volume 1’, (Prentice Hall, 1991, second edition), ISBN 0-13-569872 2 Watt 1.6.4 Manual License Agreement The terms and conditions that follow set forth a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity), the end user, and Heron-Technologies. You should read these terms and conditions carefully BEFORE breaking the seal on the CD package and installing the Software. Installing this Software will signify your agreement to be bound by these terms and conditions. If you do not agree to these terms and conditions, promptly return the product in its original unopened case, together with all accompanying documentation, to Heron Technologies for a refund. Copying of this Software or its documentation except as permitted by this license is a copyright infringement under the laws of your country.
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting James Watt's Linkage with Implicit Functions and Modern Techniques
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Revisiting James Watt's linkage with implicit functions and modern techniques Citation for published version: Sangwin, CJ 2008, 'Revisiting James Watt's linkage with implicit functions and modern techniques', Mathematics Magazine, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 116-126. Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Mathematics Magazine General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 06. Oct. 2021 Revisiting James Watt’s linkage with implicit functions and modern techniques Christopher J Sangwin Maths, Stats and OR Network, School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom [email protected] The engineer James Watt (1736–1819) was a pioneer of steam power in the United Kingdom. His practical work revolutionised the rather inefficient atmospheric engines of his predecessors such as Newcomen. He vastly im- proved these engines in a variety of ways so that steam power became the “prime mover” of his age. In doing so he accelerated the Industrial Revolu- tion and helped to usher in the modern industrial era.
    [Show full text]
  • General Arrangement and Bill of Materials
    CRANK PIN THE OFF SET ANGLE OF THE CRANK ECCENTRIC IN RELATION TO THE DISC CRANK AXIS TO BE EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINED FOR THE SMOOTH RUNNING OF THE ENGINE AND SATISFACTION ECCENTRIC OF THE BUILDER APPROX 20° QTY. PART NUMBER 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-01-BRICK BASE 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-02-CYLINDER MOUNTING CONSOLE 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-03-CYLINDER 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-04-VALVE CHEST+COVER 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-05-VALVE CHEST INLET COVER PLATE 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-06-CYLINDER OUTLET COVER PLATE 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-07-CYLINDER TOP COVER 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-08-CYLINDER BOTTOM COVER 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-09A-SUPPORT COLUMN TYPE-A 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-09B-SUPPORT COLUMN TYPE-B 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-10-CROSS BRACE 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-11-LOWER LINK BEARING BRACKET TYPE-A 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-12-LOWER LINK BEARING BRACKET TYPE-B 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-13-MAIN BEARING CROSS BEAM 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-14-MAIN BEARING PEDESTAL 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-15-MAIN BEARING 2 MUNCASTER7.2-1-16-COLUMN LINK BEARING BRACKET 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-17-INPUT STEAM CONTROL HOUSING 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-18-CONTROL VALVE END BEARING 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-19-GOVERNOR MOUNTING BRACKET 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-20-NAME PLATE 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-21-STEAM INLET PIPE 1 MUNCASTER7.2-1-22-STEAM EXHAUST PIPE 1 MUNCASTER7.2-2-01-CRANK SHAFT 1 MUNCASTER7.2-2-02-FLYWHEEL 2 MUNCASTER7.2-2-03-PISTON+ROD 15.93 2 MUNCASTER7.2-2-04-CON-ROD 4 MUNCASTER7.2-2-05-PARALLEL MOTION LINK-1 404.5 4 MUNCASTER7.2-2-06-PARALLEL MOTION LINK-2 4 MUNCASTER7.2-2-07-PARALLEL MOTION LINK-3 2 MUNCASTER7.2-2-08-CON-ROD BIG END PIN 2 MUNCASTER7.2-2-09-LOWER MOTION LINK-2 SPINDLE 2 MUNCASTER7.2-2-10-UPPER
    [Show full text]
  • Four Bar Mechanisms
    Four Bar Mechanism Howie Choset (thanks to Wikipedia and many others) http://www.library.cmu.edu/ctms/ctms/examples/motor/motor.htm Steam Engine • Who invented the steam engine? Aelopile • Ball of Aeolus • Hero Engine • Described by Vitruvius, 1AD • Probably Ctesibius, 200BC Early Engines • DaVinci, Architonnerre, 15th Century – Gives credit to Archimedes – Steam powered cannon • Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont – Patented first steam engine / pump 1606 Thomas Savery • First engine applied to industry, 1698, 14-21 year vague patent, drain mines • Operation – Condensed steam produced a partial vacuum in the pumping reservoir and using that to pull the water upward. – Rapidly cool the steam to produce the vacuum by running cold water over the reservoir. • Problems – A lot of wasted heat – High pressure stressed engine – Needed lots of pumps for longer distances – Atmospheric pressure only worked so well (30 ft) Newcomen: Atmospheric Engine, 1712 Newcomen: Atmospheric Engine, 1712 Drain mines, 150 ft Used steam and cold water to create a vacuum Vacuum pulled piston (not the water) Pivoted beam connected to pump and piston with chains John Smeaton made improvements Watt thought 80% Inefficient (heat loss) Watt Engine • Used steam pressure just above atmospheric pressure (Separate condenser) • Rotary motion (piston-beam connection) – Get value on both sides of stroke – Useful for machines • Mathew Boulton – business partner Watt Engine • Used steam pressure just above atmospheric pressure (Separate condenser) • Rotary motion – Useful for machines
    [Show full text]