BTl), J ~L:ETIN

It...

SEPTEMBER

THE STERILIZATION FALLACY By H. H. McClelland, M.D. THE WORLD POPULATION CONFERENCE By Patrick J. Ward INSTITUTE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS CONFERENCE By Rev. John A. Ryan, D.D. FEDERAL EDUCATION AND THE CONSTITUTION By Willialll F. Montavon CINCINNATI'S NEW HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM. By Francis M. Crowley THE PUEBLO SOCIAL SERVICE SURVEY By Charlotte W,iCOX ADDITIONAL FEATURES Plans for Seventh Annual Conventions of the N. C. C. M. and N. C. C. W.-Growing Interest in National Catholic School of Social Service-Reports of Quarterly Meetings of Diocesan Councils of N. C. C. W. in Denver and Berkeley-Opening of Study Club Season-Growing Influence of Rural Life Conference-Detroit Catholics Proud of Diocesan Institutions- Latest Figures on Catholic School Attendance-Tabloid Facts About the N. C. W. C.

CATHOLIC INSTITUTIONS OF mGHER EDUCATION SERIES: LIII. St. Thomas College, St. Paul, Minn.; LIV. College of Manhattanville, Manhattanville, N. Y. PRONOUNCEMENTS OF CHURCH WITH REGARD TO EDUCATION 2 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN September, 1927

Official Pronouncements of the Church With Regard to Education

N VIEW OF THE BEGINNING of the new scholastic year, when our Catholic schools will again welcome their annual I quota of nearly two and a half million pupils, it is well to keep before our minds the pronouncements of the Church with re­ gard to the obligations of parents to provide for the religious and N .. C. W. C. moral training of their children in schools approved by the local authorities of the Church. The following statements will not only BULLETIN remind our Catholic people of their duty in this matter but serve also to explain to those outside the Church her unchanging position toward this most vital question. Published Monthly by the UTIES OF PARENTS.-"Parents are bound by a most grave obligation NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE D to provide to the best of their ability for the religious and moral as well as CONFERENCE for the physical and civil education of their children, and for their temporal well­ being."-Canon 1113, New Code of Canon Law. PUBLICATION OFFICE · '* * * All parents who neglect to give their children this necessary training Industrial Bldg., Baltimore, Md. and education, or who permit their children to frequent sch{)ols in which the ruin of souls cannot be avoided, or, finally, who, having in their locality a good Entered as second-class matter October :6, 1921, at Catholic school, properly appointed to teach their children, or having the oppor­ the post office at Baltimore, Md., under the Act of tunity of educating their offspring in another place nevertheless send them to March 3, 1879. Accepted for mailing at special rate public schools, without sufficient reason and without the necessary precautions of postage provided for in section 1103, Act of Octo­ by which the approximate danger may be made remote-these, as is evident ber 3, 1917, authorized October 27, 1921. Subscrip­ from Catholic moral teaching, if they are contumacious, cannot be absolved in tion Price: One dollar per year in advance; outside the Sacrament of Penance."-Instruction of Pope Pius IX, issued 1864. the United States, $1.25 per year. EUTRAL OR MIXED SCHOOLS.-ccCatholic children must not attend N non-Catholic, neutral, or mixed schools, that is, such as are also open to N. c. w. C. Administrative Committee non-Catholics. It is for the Bishop of the place alone to decide, according to MOST REV. EDWARD J. HANNA, D.D. the instructions of the Apostolic See, in what circumstances and with what pre­ cautions attendance at such schools may be tolerated, without danger of per­ Archbishop of San Francisco version to the pupils."-Ganon 1374, New Code of Canon Law. Chairman MOST REV. AUSTIN DOWLING, D.D. UTY OF BI HOPS.-"We exhort the bishops that they take steps to es­ D tablish a parish school in connection with every church of their diocese."­ Archbishop of St. Paul First Plenary Council of Baltimore, 1853. Chairman Department of Education EASONS FOR THE CATHOLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM.-"Because the Cath­ RT. REV. THOMA F. LILLIS, D.D. R olic Church is the divinely appointed custodian of the whole body of revealed Bishop of Kansas City religious truth and is charged with the duty of teaching it to all men and to all Chairman Department of Social Action nations. 'Going, therefore, teach all nations.' To do this adequately, a separate RT. REV. JOSEPH CHREMBS, D.D. system of schools in our country is necessary. ccBecause the child is a morlil-1 agent, and his education must therefore be Bishop of Cleveland moral in the sense that it must recognize the fact that the child is endowed with Chairman Departmt,"Y/,t of Lay an immortal soul and is answerable to God for all his actions. Organizations "Because will-training is looked upon by the Church as no less important in RT. REV. EDl\HJND F. GIBBONS, D.D. the educative process than physical or intellectual training. "Because religious knowledge is itself intrinsically valuable in the process of Bishop of Albany education. Chairman Legal Department "Becaus~ religious training is the best training for a citizen. RT. REV. PHILIP R. McDEVITT, D.D. "Because the Church has, by positive law, made the establishment of schools a matter of religious policy."-Catechism of Catholic Education, N. C. W. C. Bishop of Harrisburg Chairman Department of Publicity, Press PIRIT OF THE CATHOLIC SCHOOL.-ccOur Catholic schools are not es­ and Literature S tablished and maintained with any idea of holding our children apart from the general body and spirit of American citizenship. They are simply the con­ RT. REV. P. J. MULDOON, D.D. crete form in which we exercise our rights as free citizens in conformity with the Bishop of Rockford dictates of conscience. Their very existence is a great moral fact in American life. For, while they aim, openly and avowedly, to preserve our Catholic faith, they offer to all our people an example of the use of freedom for the advancement REV. JOHN J. BURKE, C.S.P. of morality and religion."-1919 Pastoral Letter of the Archbishops and Bishops General Secretary of the Catholic Church in the United States. 'I' EGAL RIGHT OF THE CATHOLIC SCHOOLS TO EXIST.-ccThe CHARLES A. McMAHON, Editor L fundamental theory of liberty upon which all governments in this union repose excludes any general power of the State to standardize its children by forcing them to accept instruction from public teachers only. The child is not Editorial and Business Offices the mere creature of the State' those who nurture him and direct his destiny 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W. have the right, coupled with the high duty, to recognize and prepare him for Washington, D. C. additional obligations."-From the Decision rendered by the U. S. Supreme Court Invalidating the Oregon anti-private school law. (Oregon School Cases, N. C. W. C.) September, 1927 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN 3

TABLOID FACTS ABOUT THE N.C~W.C. This page explains the Welfare Conference-What it is; What it does HE FOLLOWING facts promoting the social, civic, and economic T will serve to refresh welfare of Catholics and others. the minds of BULLETIN Dept. of Laws and Legislation readers with regard to the Chairman, Bishop Gibbons of Albany; organization and varied Director, William F. Montavon. activities of the N. C. W. C., This department maintains a nation­ as well as to enlighten those wide scrutiny of legislation affecting who may not now be familiar with the Catholic interests. Information concern­ work of the Conference. ing same is disseminated through the various departments of the Conference Organized to interested persons and organizations, At the general meeting of the Cardi­ enabling them to sponsor or oppose legisla­ nals, Archbishops and Bishops of the tive proposals of state or federal character United States, held at the Catholic Uni­ with a clear understanding of the moral, versity of America in September, 1919. economic and ethical principles involved. N.C. W.C. HEADQUARTERS Dept. of Lay Organizations Papal Blessing Washington, D. C. Chairman, Bishop Schrembs of Cleveland. Since its organization, the N. C. W. C. The department consists of two coor­ has been blessed by two supreme Pontiffs Dept. of Education dinate branches-the National Council of -the present gloriously reigning Pius XI Catholic Men and the National Council and his predecessor of blessed memory, Chm'rman, Archbishop Dowling of St. Paul; Executive Secretary, Rev. James H. of Catholic Women. Walter T. Johnson, Benedict XV-for the manner in which Kenton, Ohio, is national president of it is serving the cause of Church and Ryan, D.D. Organized to serve as a clearing house the N. C. C. M., and Charles F. Dolle, Country. national executive secretary. Mrs. Arthur Departments of information concerning Catholic educa­ tion; an advisory agency in the develop­ T. Mullen of Omaba). Nebr., is national Executive, Education, Press and Pub­ ment of Catholic schools and the Catholic president of the N. v. C. W., and Miss licity, Legal, Social Action and Lay school system; a connecting agency be­ Agnes G. Regan, national executive secre­ Organizations. tween Catholic education activities and tary. These executives act for their national executive boards at N. C. W. C. Administered government education activities; an active organization to safeguard the interests of headquarters. By an Administrative Committee of the Catholic schools. Both the N. C. C. M. and the N. C. seven, composed of Archbishops and Divisions: Statistics and Information, C. W. have their local units or organiza­ Bishops elected by all the members of the Teachers Registration, Health Education, tipn contacts in almost all of the 102 American Hierarchy in annual meeting. Research Catholic Education, Library. dioceses and have affiliated with tbem the leading national, state, diocesan and local Financed Dept. of Press and Publicity organizations of Catholic men and women Through the voluntary subscriptions of througho'ut the United States. the bishops of the country to a general Chairman, Bishop McDevitt of Harris­ The prime purpose of both the N. C. budget which is distributed by the burg; Director, Justin McGrath. C. M. and the N. C. C. W. is to unify the Administrative Committee on approval The N. C. W. C. News Service goes to efforts of the Catholic men and women of of the general body of Bishops to the vari­ approximately 100 Catholic daily and America in the common tasks of the ous departments according to their needs. weekly newspapers published n the Ch urch and to enable them to work more United States and elsewhere. Its regular effectively in their own localities. cable, telegraph, special editorial and Executive Department National Catholic School of Social Service Chairma.n, Archbishop Hanna of San pictorial services are comparable from Francisco; General Secretary, Rev. John every viewpoint of Catholic journali. to Acting Directo?", Rev. William J. Kerby, the service supplied to the secular l.t ws­ Ph.D. J. Burk~ C.S.P. The J:!jxecutive Department, which is papers of the world by the Associated This school, which is one of the principal charged with the directive work of co­ Press or other news agencies. works of the National Council of Catholic ordination and effective common action, Women, is located at 2400 Nineteenth maintains the following bureaus, the titles Dept. of Social Action Street, Washington, D. C., and conducted of which indicate their special fields of Chairman, Bishop Lillis of Kansas City; for women who desire to qualify as activity: Immigration, Historical Records, Director, Rev. John A. Ryan, D.D. specialists in the field of social welfare. Civic Education, Motion Pictures, Busi­ This department covers the fields of How to Aid the N. C. W. C. ness and Publications. industrial Relations, Social Work, Citizen­ By active membership in the N: C. The official publication of the Con­ ship and Rural Welfare, and serves in C. M. and the N. C~ C. W.; also through ference is the N. C. W. C. BULLETIN, each as a clearing house of Catholic social subscription to the N. C. W. C. BULL.E­ devoted to the interests of the Conference teaching and as a bureau of information TIN; and through promoting locally the and the work of its affiliated organizations. and standards, and actively assists in aims and purposes of the Conference.

Administrative Committee of Archbishops and Bishops Who Direct Work of the N. C. W. C. 4 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1921

AROUND THE CONFERENCE T ABL'E "Come now, that we -may take counsel together."-2 Esdras, Chapter VI: 7.

SPEAKING BEFORE THE RECENT Catholic organizations might, with great Portland meeting of the Knights of Co­ ANNUAL MEETING OF BISHOPS credit to themselves, arrange for special lumbus, Archbishop Fumasoru-Biondi, A-Pos­ SEPTEMBER 14 and 15 meetings and make special efforts to distribute postolic Delegate to the The Administrative Committee copies of the Civics Catechism among their Layman United States, praised the of the National Catholic Welfare members with the suggestion that special Measure of patriotic activities of the Conference will meet in Washing­ attention be paid to the questions and answers The Church Order and complimented es- ton September 12, and the Catholic dealing with the Constitution comprising one pecially its work in behalf University trustees on September of the main chapters of the Catechism. of the foreign-born and the youth of the 13. The general meeting of the Car­ >f

AMERICA MEMBERS OF THE CONFERENCE A better pictme cannot be drawn of the whole background and mo­ It doe not reassure u to be told that the question hall be discussed tivating spirit of the Conference than by quoting from its own state­ in a "thoroughly scientific pirit" when we examine the list of men ment. After referring to the work of Malthus, as mentioned above, constituting the Advisory and General Councils of the Conference. it continues: The American member of the Advisory Council are Profe sol' East of Harvard, Professor Raymond Pearl of Johns Hopkins, Dr. Clarence "Meanwhile. another problem of population has obtruded itself upon the world-that of qu.ality. The pioneer in drawing attention to this was Cook Little of the University of Michigan, and Professor H. P. Fair­ ir Francis Galton. Today. a great volume of scientific work has been de­ child of ~ew York University, the first three of whom are ardent advo­ vot d to a study of the alarming fertility of some stocks Ilnd (}la se , the cate of contraception, and members of the National Council of the ala ingly slow reproduction of others, to the question of the inheritance of American Birth Control League. At least one of the English members, me 1 and physical defects, and, in brief, the discovering whether the quality of national stock is deteriorating, and if 0, what step could be taken .1. M. Keynes, also urges the practice of birth control. to stem the proce . On the General Council there are from Great Britain, Lord Buck­ "It is essential for the success of the Conference that these problems shall master, Harold Cox, Dr. C. V. Drysdale, Havolock Ellis, J. B. S. Hal­ be discussed in a throughly scientific spirit. \Vith this end in ,..jew, the ad­ dane, Dean lnge, and Mr. H. G. Wells. All of these are well known visory Council has arranged for sientific authoritie on biology, sociology, and upporters of contraceptive birth . control. Lord Buckmaster, it will stati tic from the most diver e countries to be present and to read papels on be remembered, introduced in the House of Lords last year, a bill which the Bubjects which they have made their O\vn, and for these papers to be fol­ was pa ed permitting birth control advice to be given by maternity lowed by discus ion by other experts and by members of the public attend­ ing the Conference. and ante-natal welfare centres in England. Also on this Council are Professor Leon M. ole, University of Wisconsin, Professor F. H. "The be t way of giving an idea of the cope of the Conference programme will be to present a list of the main topic on which papers and discussion Gidding, Columbia University, Dr. Adolf Meyer, Johns Hopkin have been arranged. t7niversity-all meml ers of the National Council of the Amelican "The Conference will open by considering the general biology of popula­ Birth Control League. The remaining American delegates are Dr. t~on gl·owth. Thi will be followed by a session dealing with the optimum Wesley :\litchell, economist at Columbia Vniver ity, Vilhajalmur density of population and the relation between population and food supply. ~ tefans on, arctic explorer, and Dr. Whitridge William , profe or of Next will come a symposium upon the differential birth rate of "ariou obstetrics at Johns Hopkins. classes and strains "ithin different nations, and a paper on heredity ill rela­ tion to social stratification. Next will follow a session dealing with migration. emigration, immigration, migration lawB, the problem im'olved in the exist­ THE PROGRAM: OF THE CONFERE TCE ence of great area which are unoccupied or occupied by backward race ,and Profes or Pearl will cover the question of Biology of Population so forth. A further session will deal with the physiologica,l approaches to the Growth, while Professor East will lead discussion on Population and study of population-the problem of fertility, fecundity and terility. In addition, an account of some of the official bureau in exi tence which deal Food 'upply. Dr. Fairchild will deal with Optimum Population, with race biology and population i promi ed. which, as the adjective implies, means an ideal balance between popu­ "Finally, it i proposed to devote the last session to a consideration of lation and food reSOlU'ces. Other subjects on the program are Differ­ the points which the Conference has brought out, with pecial reference to ential Birth Rate by Professor Carr Saunders (England); Results of research need , and po sibilities. Differ ntial Birth Rate in France by M. Lucien March; Results of "The place of the Conference has I)een fixed at Geneva. for the obvious Differential Birth Rate in Germany, by Professor Grotjahn; Results of reason that population is essentially an international problem." 6 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN September, 1927

ATTEMPTS TO INFLUENCE THE Control League, permissible in LEAGUE OF NATIONS Send For This Pamphlet! forty states. Of these, there is in 27 states no actual law prohibiting This last statement, ingenuous as The N. C. W. C. has a limited supply of a pamplet doctors giving information. In it may seem, in reality throws a entitled eleven states, doctors or druggists, searching light on the principal mo­ medical colleges, or medical books "IS FOOD THE LIMITING FACTOR IN tives of the Conference. I t will be are specified as exempt from re­ POPULATION GROWTH" recalled that just prior to the open­ striction. In two of these only medical books may treat of the ing in September last year of the Reprint of an article in the Yale Review of January, 1926, Seventh Assembly of the League of matter. The Federal laws forhid by Robert J. McFall, Ph.D., Professor of Agricultural Eco­ the use of the mails for distribution Nations, there was to have been nomics, Massachusetts Agricultural College. held at Geneva, the Seventh Inter­ and forbid importation of birth con­ Dr. McFall's article is of timely interest in view of the national Neo-Malthusian and Birth trol devices or literature. There subjects to be discussed at the World Population Conference. Control Conference, under the presi­ are in many cities private clinics at dency of Dr. Clarence Cook Little While the supply lasts single orders for this pamphlet will which birth control advice is avail­ (now attending the World Popula­ be filled without cost other than the two cents carrying able for a fee and these are being tion Conference.) That gathering charge, which should accompany all orders. Address orders added to every month. was called off at the last moment, to N. C. W . C. Headquarters. Where attempts have been made principally owing to the fact that in the past few years to introduce the admission of Germany into the legislation removing all restriction League of Nations diverted the interest which the Neo-Malthusians from doctors and druggists, our Catholic clergy and people have made had hoped to create for themselves in the ante-chambers of the League. generally successful efforts to defeat this legislation. Organizations It is generally admitted that the present formidable gathering is the affiliated with the National Council of Catholic Men and the National outcome of an idea conceived then and of the experience gained in last Council of Catholic Women have done valiant work in this respect year's efforts. showing the value of organized effort. The National Catholic Welfare The main object is to influence the League of Nations and to give Conference has been in a position to supply these bodies with advice­ people the impression that the League in some way will welcome the and information which has made their arguments and protests before findings of these scientists. This, of course, is not the fact, but on the legislative committees more effective. other hand the creation of a permanent machinery at Geneva, a likely OPFOSITION TO MOVEMENT ORGANIZED outcome of the Conference, to carryon the work suggested by that . body, must give Catholics food for thought. In the case of Federal legislation, the National Catholic Welfare Conference has been able to do a great deal in preventing the passage INTERNATIONAL ACTION THE ONLY SOLUTION of laws seeking to open our mails and our ports to the dissemination and importation of contraceptive information and devices. Important It is a common argument in favor of birth control that overpopula­ work has also been done by the N. C. W. C. in organizing non-Catholic tion--that is, population in excess of the food resources of each cOl~n~ry opinion against the birth control movement. 'orne of the most promi­ (which is claimed to exist, but is questioned by competent authOrItIes, nent religious, social, and labor bodies in the country have undertaken such as Dr. Robert McFall and Dr. Dublin)--is a cause of war and to use effective means to prevent the passage of legislation to weaken that reduction in population will be a potent factor in promoting peace. the present Federal laws. With this in mind we may be sure these "scientists" have not selected In spite of this, we must realize that organized opposition in this Geneva as the seat of conference because of the beauties of the lake or country, even with a union of Catholic and non-Catholic forces, can the climate of the Swiss Alps. As the promoters say, Geneva is the not by itself stem the tide rolling in upon us east and west. The reason obvious place to discuss international problems, and, we might add, to is obvious. If international action, brought about by gynecological­ put in motion the influences of internationalism and its new creed of economists, socioligical-obstetricians, and poultry farm biologists, humanitarianism to further acceptance of the promoters' already fixed succeeds in having birth control accepted by medical science as a branch theories, influences which threate:t CathoJjc teachings and morals and of preventive medicine, the strength of our opposition will be seriously which can be defeated only by Catholics everywhere putting the impaired. To have the scientific world endorse and accept their right foot forward and meeting this menace in the international field. theories is the primary objective in the Neo-Malthusian campaign. We are now in a transition stage between an age of nationalism and uch endorsement will add new life to the forces now clamoring in an age of internationalism. Persons who do not realize this think that America for complete sexual freedom, and will place in the way of our we can go on as in the past, engrossed in our national affairs, or to be own Catholic people, as well as of tho e outside the Church, added more correct, in our strictly national problems. Those which we call temptations and dangers. our foremost national problems such as reduction of our armaments, THE RE PONSIBILITY OF CATHOLICS and the upkeep of our army and navy, our commerce, our shipping, our The responsibility rests on American CatholiCb as to whether they are going to take oil supply, our immigration, are in reality international problems. active measures to defeat this movement or rest in the false security of succe sful local efforts here and there, to go down later before the incoming \.... ave. The work and results BIRTH CONTROL AN INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT of the World Population Conference must be their concern. The National Catholic One of the most serious international questions in an economic as Welfare Conference through even years' experience and correspondence with organi­ zations in other countries, has long realized that the fight again t birth control is not well as moral sense, which demands urgent organized action on the solely local or national but international. It has carefully watched the ituation and part of American Catholics is that of birth control. During the pa t kept itself informed of every move at home and abroad. In con ultation with Euro­ few years persistent efforts have been made throughout this country pean specialists it saw the necessity of having an observer at the Geneva congre·. It particularly in Washington, to have contraceptive legislation pa sed. has been fortunate in securing the services of Dr. Richard J . Purcell of the Catholic Uni­ "ersity for this mission. Those behind the movement have left no stone unturned to induce Dr. Purcell will confer with the other Catholic representatiYes at Geneya and with state legislatures to pass laws with the general aim of dre sing birth delegates to the Conference from Interdenominational bodies opposed to birth control. control in the respectable garb of medicine and social betterment. It is earnestly hoped a plan of action may be evolved to counteract the work of the neo­ These proposals are generally to permit doctors to give contraceptive Malthusian protagonists and make more effective our combined efforts against them . It is hardly necessary to stress that this is in the highest intere t of Catholic faith. It advice and allow manufacturers and drug dealers to distribute and is taking the offensive in one important respect against the new humanitarianism which dispense contraceptive appliances. This is, according to the Birth opposes and denies true Christian principles. ------~+, ------September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 7 Federal Education and the Constitution By 'Villiam F. Montavon

HE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION delegated to the United States by the Constitution nor pro­ recently assembled in annual Convention again went hibited by it to the States, are reseryed to the States or to the people." T on record as favoring a Federal Department of Edu­ cation with the subsidies and inevitable centralized control A S President of the United States, Jefferson was confronted with implied. The officers of the Association and especially the the problem of a rapidly rising surplus in the Federal treasury. In Comrpittee on Legislation were instructed to his sixth annual message to Congress, he discussed the put renewed energy into the campaign. uses to which this surplus might best be put. Most of it, he said, arose out of import duties collected on business Looking back over the long line of defeats imported by the wealthy, who he said "would certainly through which the fight has been waged since prefer its application to the great purposes of public the founding of the Land Grant Colleges out of education, roads, rivers, canals, and such other objects of which the demand for additional federal subsi­ improvement .as it may be thought proper to add to the dies sprang, the President-elect of the As ocia­ Constitutional enumeration of Federal powers. * * * "Education is here placed among the articles of tion is not dismayed. Twenty years of fighting public care, not that it would be proposed to take its is to her as nothing if only in the end victory is ordinary branches out of the hands of private enter­ to be the reward. prise, which manages so much better all the concerns The demand that the Federal Govermnent to which it is equal. * * * The subject is now pro- engage in the promotion of education met posed to the Congress because, if approved by the time the State Legislatures here shall have its first defeat in the Constitutional Con- HON. HENRY ST. GEORGE TUCKER Former President of the American Bar debated on this extension of the Federal trusts, vention itself. The fathers of our nation Association, who declares, in an article which appeared in the July issue of thf' American and other arrangements made for their execu­ were not unmindful of the necessity of . Bar Association Journal, that the Federal tion, the necessary funds will be on hand . Education Bill, in which it is proposed to education to a self governing people. establish a department of education with a * * * I suppose an amendment of the Con­ cabinet member at its head, is un('onstitu­ stitution, by consent of the States, necessary, Thomas Jefferson may, with justice, be tional. This bill has appeared in Congress under various names during the pastsevel'al because the objects now recommended are not styled the father of the public school in sessions and has been vigorously opposed by the National Catholic Welfal'eConference. among those enumerated in the Constitution." the United States. "I look to the diffu­ The N . E. A ., staunch supporter of the meas­ ure, has announced its determination to The. Constitution was not amended and sion of light," he wrote to Mr. C. C. push the proposed legislation in the forth- education remained and still remains an "object coming session of Congress. Blatchley in defense of his advocacy of not among thos~ enumerated in the Constitu­ state schools in Virginia, "and education tion." as the source most to be relied on for ameliorating the condition, pro­ T HE 1 blic school authorities in our day, organized in the N. E. A" moting the virtue and advancing the happiness of man." In another seem no longer to hold in reverence the foundations upon willch letter to James Madison he said: our' Federal Republic stands. They join their influence to those of of the mul . ude of enthusiasts who, in their zeal for relief~ through "Above all things I hope the education of the common Federal leg ation, from conditions which to them seem intolerable, people will be attended to, convinced that on their good do not hesitate to ride roughly through the boundaries which the sense we may rely with the most secw'ity for the preserva­ wisdom of the founders set as limitations to Federal power. Was it tion of a due degree of liberty." not precisely against the excesses of such so called reformers that With such an advocate as this, and he was not alone, the proposal not Thomas Jefferson sought to build up an impregnable bulwark in the to give to the Federal Government a control of public education, but public schools? to authorize it to take any part in education was overwhelmingly de­ It is comforting to find mature statesmen today devoting their feated by the men who wrote the Constitution. To them education knowledge and their experience to the defense of our Federal system. was a question to be left exclusively to the severn..l states. In the August issue of the American Bar Association Journal, Mr. Henry St. George Tucker, himself descended from a long line of states­ T HE advocates of federalized education appeal to the so-called men, some of whom were the associates of Thomas Jefferson, discusses "general welfare" clause as authority. Here is what Thomas the constitutionality of the Education Bill. Jefferson said of that clause in a brief dated February 15, 1791, prepared Mr. St. George Tucker reaches the following conclusion: by him as Secretary of State in the Cabinet of George Washington. "Take for instance the education bill, the subject of which 111'0 lay taxes to provide for the general welfare of the United under the Constitution is reserved to the States for their States, that is to say-to lay taxes for the purpose of providing determination. It may well be that the general welfare for the general welfare. For the laying of taxes is the power of the United States would be promoted by the education of and the general welfare the pUTpose for which the power is to every child in every state of the Union, but since the States be exercised. alone have the power to control education, Congress, of "They are not to lay taxes ad libitum for any purpose they course, . cannot assume that duty. The Tenth Amendment please; but only to pay the debts or provide for the welfare .settles that question. Judge Marshall's statement in Gibson of the Union; in like manner they are not to do anything they VB. Ogden cannot be repeated too often: please to provide for the general welfare but only to lay taxes for that purpose. * * * I consider the foundation of the Congress is not empowered to tax for these purposes which Constitutiun as laid on tllls ground-that all powers not are within the exclusive power of the States."

------~------8 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927 Doctrine and History of Eucharist to be Shown in Films Bishops Kelley, Schrembs a:r,d Shahan on Editorial Board Aiding Production of Screen Epic NNOUNCEMENT HAS JUST BEEN MADE by chwertner, O.P., has so enthusiastically pioneered the way, and express John Whitson, representing the National Film Pro­ our complete approval of this momentous work. The intention being to A ducers, Inc., of New York City, of the completion of explain reverentially in living pictures what the author aptly describes as 'the very center of our worship and the test of our Faith,' it is our the synopsis of a scenario entitled "The Hidden God," from opinion that, as a permanent contribution to Catholic education, this which will be produced a super-motion picture setting forth work is destined to be of immense importance to the Catholic world. the doctrine and history of the Eucharist. ~he finished photo­ "\Ve should be pleased to set" this important undertaking receive play-a textbook in action and color-will, it is confidently the best possihle assistance from the Hierarchy and Clergy. The mis­ sion of this great picture h2s our blessing. We trust that nothing will believed, result in the screen's greatest contribution to re­ interfere with its fulfilment." ligious education, setting forth as it will the history, tradi­ Msgr. McMahon, commenting on the synopsis of liThe Hidden tion and Church's teaching with regard to this central and God," states: vital object of Catholic worship. liThe possibilities for enlightenment and instruction offered by this The synopsis of the scenario of "The Hidden God" production is the picture are very great indeed and should enlist the interest of all priests work of Rev. Joseph Husslein, S.J., associate editor of America and desirous of spreading the knowledge of the Eucharist among their author of numerous works on Eucharistic, historical and sociological people. 'The Hidden God' is a challenge to Catholics to make proper subjects. Father Husslein's preliminary work has received the unani­ use of the wonderful invention which is the motion picture." mous and enthusiastic approval of an editorial board advising with the CENARIO INCLUSIVE SAYS FATHER SCHWERTNER producers and comprising, in addition to Father Husslein, Rt. Rev. Thomas J. Shahan, S.T.D., rector, The Catholic University of America; liThe synopsis of the Eucharistic film of 'The Hidden God'" says Rt. Rev. Joseph Schrembs, D.D., Bishop of Cleveland, president Father Schwertner, another member of the editorial board, "is as in­ Priests' Eucharistic League and epi copal chairman of the National clusive a scenario of a Divine tremendous subject as one could well Councils of Catholic Men and Women; Rt. Rev. Francis C. Kelley, imagine or desire. No vital phase of this great subject is omitted or D.D., LL.D., Bishop of Oklahoma and member of the permanent Com­ slurred. There are places in the scenario that seem reminis­ mittee, International Eucharistic Congress; Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph H. cent of the pageantry of heaven described in the Apocalyp e. If thi Mc 1ahon, Ph.D., LL.D., rector, Our Lady of Lourdes, New York, picture does not arouse our people they do not deserve to have an:v re­ author, founder Cathedral Library Association, etc.; Rev. Thomas ligious films at all." M. Schwertner, O.P., editor, The Rosary Magazine, rector, Holy Name The editorial statement of Charles A. l\IcMahon, director of the Church, Philadelphia, and author, The Eucharistic Renaissance, etc. N. C. W. C. Motion Picture Bureau and editor of the N. w. C. and Charles A. McMahon, director, Motion Picture Bureau, National BULLETIN, reads in part: Catholic Welfare Conference, and editor, N. C. W. C. BULLETIN. liThe theme of 'The Hidden God' scenario is one worthv of the finest artistry of the screen; a drama challenging the highest genius of SYNOPSIS APPROVED BY CARDINAL HAYES director, actor and producer. . In addition to setting forth the Father Husslein's synopsis, which bears the imprimatur of Patrick authentic history of the Blessed Sacrament and its appeal to countless Cardinal Hayes, Archbishop of New York, and nihil obstat of Rev. Christians down through the centuries, the scenario of 'The Hidden Arthur J. Scanlon, S.T.D., censor l-ibrorum of the New York Arch­ God' is a literary achievement of supreme merit." diocese, is divided into four main parts as follows: "Witness of the "From my knowledge of l\1r. Whitson's work and plans," continues Scriptures," "Dawn of Worship," "Adoration of the Nations," and :Mr. McMahon, "I confidently expect in the finished photoplay of "Progress of Devotion." Space does not permit describing here in 'The Hidden God' a real epic of the screen, a photoplay that mIllions of detail the numerous episodes which have been arranged under each of Catholics the world over will welcome, an impressive, inspiring, perma­ these main divisions. Each sequence, scene and subtitle will set forth nent film textbook of the Euchalist, which will lead countIe souls to the authentic teaching of he Church and the entire production will Christ through the unfolding of its me age of God's unending love for actually form a unique film textbook·, unfolding before the millions, as mankind. Catholics everywhere-prelate, priest and lay Father Husslein states, tithe divine origin of the Eucharist, bringing people-should acclaim the effort of those in charge of its production home to them the great importance of the Mass and opening their and cooperate to make it the screen's greatest achievement." hearts to a wider appreciation of frequent Holy Communion." The producers announce that the pictw' will be di tributed on a A joint statement signed by Bishops Kelley, 'chrembs and • hah::tn ba is which will give churches one-half of all gros receipt·. sets forth their approval It i estimated that the both of Father Husslein's completed production will work and of the aims of cost appro)..imatel~· . 500,- the producers of the pic­ 000.00. All work in con­ ture. The Bishop'S state­ nection with it will he ment reads in part as done under eccle. in. 'tic:li follows: llpervi ion and the com­ pI ted picture will be sub­ STATEMENT OF BISHOPS OF mitted to the member of EDITORIAL BOARD the editorial board hefore "We have thoughtfully being released to the pub­ reviewed the synopsis of lic. This pictme will b 'The Hidden God,' which followed by a permanent Rev. Joseph Husslein, eries of specially prepared S.J., has so painstakingly BISHOP KELLEY BISHOP HAHAN motion pictures for u e prepared and for which Three distinguished members of the Editorial Board advising with the producer of the comtemplated in Catholic pari~he and the Rev. Thomas M. "The Hidden God" picture, a film history of the Eucharist, schools. ------+------September, 1927 ·N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 9

National Council Catholic Women Chairman: RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS, D.D. OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS Mrs. Arthur Mullen, President Mrs. M. J. O'Fallon Diocese of Omaha Diocese of Denver Mrs. John MacMahon, 1st Vice-President Mrs. C. O. Lamy Archdiocese of Chicago Archdiocese of St. Louis Mrs. Henry Keyser, 2nd Vice-President Mrs. Wallace Benham . Archdiocese of Milwaukee Diocese of Cleveland Mrs. Carlton J. Hayes, 3rd Vice-President Mrs. George F. Satory Archdiocese of New York Archdiocese of St. Paul Mrs. Agnes Bacon, Treasurer Miss Kate E. Desmond Diocese of Providence Archdiocese of San Francisco Miss Anna D. Gamble, Secretary Mrs. James Downey, Diocese of Mobile Diocese of Harrisburg Mrs. John N. Jackson, Diocese of Seattle Mrs. Frank C. Horigan Executive Secretary Mrs. R. J. Moore Archdiocese of Baltimore Miss Agnes G. Regan Diocese of San Antonio

Seventh Annual· Convention Plans Nearing Completion Formal Opening To Take Place In Washington, September 25, 1927 HE TIME OF THE SEVENTH ANNUAL CON­ morning session will be devoted to routine business, reports VENTION is rapidly approaching, and already ad­ of national officers, etc. Mrs. Mullen will give. the presi­ T vance notice of delegates gives promise of a goodly dent's address, to be followed by the report of the executive attendance from all over the country. While the program secretary. No plans have been made for formal luncheons. is not yet complete in every detail, we ~re quite sure that Many of the visiting delegates wish to get together to dis­ this advance notice will be added inducement for attendance cuss common problems at this time. on the part of many, who may not yet have made up their Meetings will be resumed at two o'clock. The first, a minds. general session, will be devoted to an analysis of the National Sunday, September 25, will be a very full day, opening Catholic Welfare Conference and its constituent departments, with Pontifical Mass at the beautiful Shrine of the Immacu­ There have been many requests for such an explanation so late Conception at the Catholic University, with the Apos­ that representatives may carry back to their organizations tolic Delegate to the United States, His Excellency Arch­ a clearer interpretation of the Conference as a whole, and the bishop Fumasoni-Biondi as celebrant. Right Reverend special place of the N at-ional Council of Catholic Women Maurice F. McAuliffe, D.D., Auxiliary Bishop of Hartford, in Its program. will preach the sermon. Sunday afternoon will be left free for sightseeing. A tea ROUND TABLE DISCUSSIONS EACH DAY will be given at the National Catholic School of Social Serv­ Th general session will adjourn at 3 :00 P. M. From ice, the institution which is the special interest and pride 3 :30 to 5 :30, the delegates will divide into groups for dis­ of the National Council of Catholic Women. Here, Bene­ cussion of special projects. Three such round table confer­ diction of the Most Blessed Sacrament will be given at six ences will be held on each day of the Convention. From o'clock. 3:30 to 5:30 P. M., on Monday and Tuesday; from 10:30 to In the evening, at the Mayflower Hotel, there will be a 12:30 A. M. on Wednesday. Subjects listed include Study greeting by a Washington representative, the address by Clubs, Girls' Welfare, Immigration, and Americanization, a our honored chairman, Right Reverend Bishop Schrembs, Catholic Industrial Program, Religious Vacation Schools, and an address "Some Phases of Citizenship" by another Publicity, Methods of Organization, Junior Organization, prominent speaker. The meeting will be followed by an and Co-operation of Parents and Teacher. While each of informal reception. the e conferences will afford place and time for full di cussion a number of special speakers, experts in their various fields, DELEGATES TO RECEIVE COMMUNION IN BODY have been invited to participate. Monday morning, following the good example set at Mil­ Rev. Wm. Bolger, C.S.C., of Notre Dame, Indiana, will waukee la t year, the delegate will attend eight o'clock present the question and conduct the di cu sion of the In­ Ma at St. Matthew' Church, and receive Holy Communion du trial Program. Other pe,akers and their topic will b in a body, asking the blessing of God on the deliberations of Immigration, Mr. Bruce Mohl r, director, N .. C. W. C. the Council. Immigration Bureau; l\1iss Lucy Gla , supervisor of The busines ession of the convention will open Monday' Home Teaching of Foreign Mothers for the tate of Penn­ morning at 9 :30 o'clock at the Mayflower Hotel. The sylvania; Mr . Agne Bacon, director of Americanization 10 N. C. W. C. BULLETIK September, 1927 for the State of Rhode Island; who delighted us with her after Miss Nelle Dowd of Cincin­ AN IMPORTANT MEETING dinner talk at Milwaukee on the nati; and Miss Miriam Marks Christian family, has the arrange­ Presidents of Diocesan Councils, Diocesan Repre­ ments in hand. of Newark, N. J. In Girls' At one of the convention ses­ Welfare, we hope to have Miss sentatives, and Presidents of National sions William F. Montovan, di­ Rose McHugh of the N. C. W. Organizations To Meet on rector, Legal Department, N. C. C. ; Miss Mary Duffy, supreme September 24. W. c., will speak on the present regent of the C. D. of A.; Mrs. status of the religious persecution ON Saturday, September 24-, the presidents of diocesan coun- in Mexico. Florence Skae of Detroit; and cils, diocesan representatives, and presidents of national Of course, we have our elections representatives of ·other or­ organizations, have been invited to meet with the National for the National Board-Balti­ ganizations interested in work Board of Directors of the N. C. C. W. at the Mayflower Hotel to more, Chicago, Dubuque, New with girls. discHss the many involved problems in organization and financing Orleans, New York, St. Louis. Publicity will be a real of Diocesan Councils. While the above-mentioned groups have This woilid seem almost enough to been especially invited, the meeting is open to all members, who more than fill three days, and we source of delight and surprise, may desire to attend. Much of value has been gained from have yet to relate the treat in store when you learn of the Catholic these meetings in the past conventions. in the evening programs. writers of note and of promise, Unfortunately, the days devoted to the convention do not give both in the field of journalism time for a visit to the headquarters of the National Catholic lVloNDAy-INTERNATIOI AL NIGHT Welfare Conference. Your representatives here in Washington and general literature, who londay-International N i g h t. will be most happy to welcome on the days following the conven­ Address "Common Responsibilities will be in attendance. Miss tion any of the delegates, who may wish to remain over for that in Common Problems" by Reverend Elisabeth R. Shirley, Mi s purpose. Opportunity will be gladly afforded for conferences John J. Burke, C.S.P.; "Our Friend­ Varley of Canton, Mary T. on questions connected with the work of the Council. ship with outh America" by a re- Waggaman, eighty-one years presentative of one of the outh young, who is so dear to the American Republics; "The Home hearts of children for her many stories, her daughter Mrs. and the World" by Mrs. Frances Bushea of Cleveland. - Charles P. Neill, Katherin~ Bregy, Mrs. Sherwood, who e Tuesday evening-Education. Reverend James H. Ryan, D.D., article in Scribner's "The Viewpoint of the Catholic Lay­ win discu s "The dangers of Federalism." Then addresses on "The Growth and Future of Catholic Education" and "The Education of woman," has been so widely read; Mrs. Lee Owens, who as Women Today," speakers to be named later. On Wednesday evening, "Marie Reilly" handled our publicity for several years, the e the convention will clo e with a banquet at the Mayflower Hotel. and many others will come to discuss Informally the problems Notable speakers will present the follmving topics: "Our Holy Father." of publicity for the councils, local and national, as well as "Our Country." tI ur Homes." tlOur Literature." tiThe Women of ~onth ;\mpl'l{l !\. . ' r c~ . I. ·M.i1.:a. <.. 1u; • .t.l. j ~'" I.a. L . l i •• " . 'l..: L- ;:' 1 . 1 t : h 1 .. ~ r~ '1 , 'u. ~t ":.Pl ~' ",· r t td The h!:ihqUet erv~ e over, our Jelegat ' wIll ·caLl rover ilu great land onfpJ'nnor, f'! Ill( thin" (jujt . ~yndh nhil IIIHY})' de" ']l)jJcd , 01 Ul" . 1,'rOllllfltll '!lTllldll 111101'(1'1'. l'hh\th. h. 1 IlIl)1 Vllllt\~. fl10IJl till Gulf 'iti 8, from the great HOllthwe,'t. from th far Pu(·ific slope, fl'Om T .ruS D . 1. . 1\1. SEtiS.rON ON SElt ' "l(;E S(;llOOL .i ew England, and the great citie of the Atlantic eaboard. Catholic TllP day morning win he dpvoted to our p:lr:lmmmf ('on­ women will have ('orne to ('oun. 1 t(lS{ethE'r. to work toS{ether an for tllP one great end-that of rvice to God and ountry. cern-the Na.h na.t a.th: lie ~ch 1 f e~a.l i\'ie . W Ul"ll ry' luit'pr ud n ul'l1ofclli " 'isy ar old" ofoul". R f' t ·E:::. T PR.\ l E R ' F OR ~r t E,.;,.., O J.' i\IEETJ. G It giv promi e of urdy growtb if w but fo tel' it. R v­ You, who read, come if you. can to 1r a hington to join with repre euta- - tit, s of all our great ,eatwnal orgamzatwns and local organizatwns t"n tli. tS erend Dr. Wm. J. K rby, 8:ctin director, who ha don 0 great program. It may mean sacrifice, but corne an-l find that compensation much to put the choo] in the front rnnk of uch in titution , which always follows sacrifice for any good cause. promise a few word . Father LeBlond, director of Catholic AND PRAY DAILY TOOUR LADY OF GOOD COUN EL THAT Charities from Cleveland, will tell of the need for trained SHE l11AY GUIDE THE DELIBERATION~ OF THE EVENTH workers in the Cathplic Bureau of Charity, and w hnll ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE SATIO. TAL ('0 ..,..,T IL OF hear something of what the School ha meant to them from CATHOLIC WO ~VEN. our workers in the field. Then we .. hall go to work with a Lo Angele Council to Entertain During will to formulate definite plan for the care of thi child of Chari tie Conference our. We will and mu t find the way and mean for ade­ The Council of Catholic \Yomen of the Dioce e of Los Angele ami quate support. • an Diego, is maintaining headquarter at the Biltmore Hotel during the e ions of the ... T utional Conference of Catholic Charitie . n But here i another announcement of great importance. September there will be 111uncheon under the auspice of the Dioce an Tuesday morning, :00 A. :\1., there will be a breakfa t Council and the Alumnae of the ~ational Catholic. 'chool of •'ocial e ion! Do women want to work? Here is your an wer. , rvice. veraJ presidents of other clioce an councils of Catholic At that hour, women who are int re ted in higher educa­ Women will be present at the luncheon; al 0 di tingui hed friends of tion, college women, tho e who want to encourage young the School, several members of the facility and alumnae of the chool. Ii s Kate Desmond, pre ident of the Los Angele Dioce an Council women to go on to college, and tho e who seek to ecure the i chairman of the Local Committee on Entertainment for the National interest of the many women, who have had opportunity for Conference of Catholic Chru'itie . higher education, will meet to discuss these problems. All \\"ho de­ The Al,tlmnae oj the National Catholic School oj Social Service attend­ sire to come are invited. 1rs. Charle Mattingly of Cleveland, ing the Los Angeles Conference, will hold a get-together luncheon on Sept. 6. ------~------September, 1 g27 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 11 Social Survey Conducted by Catholic Women of Pueblo NOTE-The following is a most interesting and enlightening report of a survey of the Social Service Conditions in the far western city of Pueblo, Col. The report was stlbmitted to a recent quarterly meeting of the Denver Diocesan Council of Catholic Women by Miss Charlotte Wilcox, executive secretary of the Council. The information contained in the report with reference to the plan of the survey, methods used, scope and recommendations should all prove of value to Women's organizations interested in similar projects elsewhere. OU WILL ASK: "To what end, a survey? How Is there an organization, which does the follow-up work on the can · the data gleaned be of service in working out children discharged from the Sacred Heart Orphanage? So often, there are good homes in the community, which would consider taking the Y the problem?" The community, which asks for a older girls and boys. The Orphanage would feel secure in placing these survey shows an intelligent interest and concern in its if they were assured of the proper supervision from a reliable person. problems. Such a community is Pueblo, where this survey Friendly visitors are needed in Mothers' Compensation cases, which was made. are administered through the clerk of the County Court. Child Wel­ We are offering this data, which was obtained during thirty inter­ fare in connection with juvenile court work is also administered through views, with some preliminary remarks as an explanation is due be­ this same office What is the usual procedure of cooperation in t·lese cause of the shortness of the time spent in making the survey. Hence children's cases? Is it continuous or _spasmodic? a bird's eye view of the situation was obtained rather than minute and Who cares for the homeless infant, and the child up to two year!'l? detailed account, and the following summary is of the needs rather Where is it placed? than the work being done. We wish, also, to express our appreciation In the family relief work, when relief is administered, is it accom· for the splendid cooperation rendered by the spiritual director of the panied with constr~ctive case work? Pueblo Deanery, the Denver Diocesan Council of Catholic Women, Father Wolohan, Mrs. George Morrissey, the president, those inter­ MEXICAN POPULATION PRESENTS PROBLEMS viewed, and Mrs. George Morrissey, .Jr., who acted as pilot in going The Mexicans, because of their seasonal work and migratory habits, to the various interviews. present a social, cultural, economic, and health problem. One of the first efforts of the trained worker, with the help of a volunteer corps, PROBLEMS FOR CATHOLIC WORKER AND THEIR F AMILIE could be to take a census of these people to determine how many of Cities are as interesting and fascinating as people in the study of the them are residents of Pueblo; how many are floaters; how many work factors, which go to make up their characteristics-their personalities. in the beet fields and winter in Pueblo; their status educationally, Pueblo's first observable characteristic is as-an industrial center. Im­ spiritually, economically. mediately, there come to the mind the problem involved; the economic, Then, too, in some manner the health facilities of the city could be with the shut-down of the mills, the low wages, etc.; the large percentage brought to the service of the orphanage. For years the orphanage has of foreigners among the workers; the leisure time of these workers and had its doctors and its dentists, but often there is a child needing the their families; the spiritual and cultural advantages, which should be care of a specialist, who has to be brought to the doctor's office or to a t,hdn\; Hw ne<:~ , (\ry 0('\ \ dj\\, tent in thE> ('omm \nit". AU th\\ clinic. Could not a committee of ladies care for such cases, provided [JllTJVllW Ull 1111IIJnlllllC UfUlJ1Clll fUr ur. iWIUllt;, We ( itUlUil ' nUfh -w 11111 (1m!. f \I 11 iii i'I. C'(\t)iltot, the ' would 1 tlt "" nne! . Pt>t'(~"illt" to fl g""llt ",,-touL tlw splnudid 'I hen, 1,00, PH bl0, I eC!1.III'!C' o[ its toe: tiOI1, hns 11 gron1 nllUlY tm1l1'31 - wor1 of \h' orpllilntlt;(·, Ttl\' prop r ("1\i\llll'\ ror ttl Vart ('ultr pi'" ents-ihose lookillg i'0l health, tiS w-ell as those, \\ no come to l'ueblo Lo uf wurk \\uul<1 b .., th· Lmlit.'l:/' . \'i<1 Hu<1 it "uuld ut: theLI }Jl-i\il'ge to find iaci1iti wbich the. outJlwe t doe. not offer. The mn. t be consider whether they 'ould take this up or not. added to our problems. 11 r tbe olution oi tbe ,amon he tbo' c i ~;n ,i most advisable to obLain an offic , where a truined atbolic Social \iter reviewing the needs of the Catholics in Pueblo under the head­ Worker, with the able as i tance a corp oi volunteers, might tart Ot in.,. of chari(v. the followin.,. progl'.'lm might be recommended. .4 central to work in a mode't way. office which is to act a a tearing hot for all Catholic c ~ in charg The Pueblo Deanery of the Denver Diocesan Council of Catholic of a trained Catholic ocial worker, where consideration be oiven: Women would be the proper channel through which this might be made 1. Family Welfare. 2. Girls Welfare. 3. Immigrant Welfare- 4. to function. It is ever the purpo e of the Denver Dioce an Council of CMld Welfm·e. 5. Leisure Time. 6. Health P1'ogmm. 7. Adult Edu­ Catholi Women to furni h avenue of communication between the cation. 8. Catholic Representation in Civic Affairs. 9. Religious In­ variOll atholic womeu\ organizl1tion~ in order that th y may act as truction. 10. Juvenile Court Follow-up. one in questions, which are of vital interest to all Catholics and to make The proo-ram is large, but so -is the problem. It i now being carried pos ible a true lay npostolate. Th que 'tion of lay leader hip i a very on in a limited way by the affiliated organizations of the Pueblo Deanery pressing one. There i. then, fir t, the need for permanent, ustained, and other organization and institutions. We have but to pool our and stabilized organization of th work. effort and our re ources to carry out the broader more constructive program. As Catholic, n'e come to realize more and more the great FIR 'T NEED I. TO DISCOVER PROBLEMS ocial force, which the Church ha within itself. It i the ocial agent The question of finance would then come to mind, which i for the through f'j"hich we Catholic laymen offer our en-ice for God' poor. Catholics of Pueblo to olve and which will be solved when a ufficient In conclusion, let us remember in the many trials which ac ompa­ number of Cntholics realize the conditions a they exi t. Our fir t ny pioneer "'ork for God that we will have to have the patience and concern, therefore, i to bring the conditions to their notice. perseverance of Saint Elizabeth of Portugal, that worthy niece of Saint Let us now consider some problems which demand, of their very Elizabeth of HWlgary, who in t~e thirteenth centlU'Y met with so many nature, our concern, not only as citizens, but as Catholics. What faci­ trials and obstacles, one of which was the opposition of her husband, lities exist now to care for the delinquent Catholic girl and the unmarried that Our Lord by a miracle turned the money she wa bringing to the mother? Is she referred to some Catholic organization by the other poor into roses in order to show to her husband the greatness of her agencies, individuals, etc., in order that a proper solution of her prob­ work. We, too, will be given roses, provided we offer our gifts with a lem will be made, that through her religion she shall be reclaimed? controlled and sustained sympathy for God's poor. ------+------12 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927 Growing Interest Outside United States in Service School Young Ladies from ,Australia, the Philippines, and Porto Rico on Roster of School's Students

P TO DATE, AUGUST 15TH, work at the Service School, her stay here during thirty-three students have requested the summer has given the opportunity for severai U enrollment in the National Catholic courses at the Summer School of the CatholIC University. This scholarship was made pos ible School of Social Service for 1927-1928, and by the San Francisco Diocesan Council of Catholic there are still several to be heard from. Women. We are counting on a second tudent The award of a second Cat,holic Daugh­ from the Philippines in eptember. ters of America scholarship for a student NATIONAL CATHOLIC SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE AU8TRALIA TO END Two TUDENT from Porto Rico has brought great satis­ 2400 Ninett'enth Street, N. W. Washington; D. C. faction to the authorities of the school. And now the call comes from another far dis­ Right Reverend Edwin V. Byrne, D.D., Bishop of Ponce, writes tant land-Australia. Reverend J. J. McMahon of Perth, Western congratulating the School on its work, and recommending l\liss Joa­ Australia, who was studying last year at the Catholic University, and quina Rodriquez of Court Granada, San Juan. \vho is deeply interested in the whole program of the National Catholic Miss Ana Alfonso, holder of the other Porto Rican scholarship, has Wrlfare Conference, visited N. C. C. W. Council headquarters, and was, been employed dming the summer by the Board of Health at San Juan, of course, invited to the chool. He was much impre sed with the pro­ and is working under the supervision of :Miss Consuelo Delgado a gram, and the quality of the student body, and a ked if there were any former graduate of the School. :Miss Delgado was requested by the possibility of a scholarship for a student from Australia, there being University of Porto Rico to arrange a course of lectures. on Social no opportunity for Social ervice training there. The chool gladly Service to be given during the summer session at the University, the awarded one of the few available scholarship and cabled the young first ever given at that institution. Twelve students em-oiled for the woman recommended, who cabled acceptance. Request came for a course, and many others attended as auditors. The National Council econd scholarship if po sible. This was ecured. But Alt tralia i in of Catholic Women may well be proud of what has been accomplished the outhern Hemisphere, and unfortunately school terms do not match through the ervice School in thus bringing trained Catholic workers ours, and so liss 10ffett and her companion must wait a year before into this new field. they start on the long journey, which Father 1IcMahon assures us will open up a pathway uniting Catholic Australia with Catholic America. N. C. S. . S. ALU:\lNAE IN PHILIPPIl ES S HOOL'S AIMS BECOML G BETTER K OWN Inspiring reports come to us of the work of om two alumnae in the This article seems devoted to our foreign students. It is not that the ::::choGl 10\' ell Philippines. Miss Inez Villa and Miss Felicidad Alvarez are both at or appreciates its own American students leES. but it wants the Catholic people of the work, one in Jaro and one in Manila-the only trained lay Catholic United 'tates to learn that through the activity of the Tational Council of Catholic social workers in a large field requiring many similarly trained workers. Women, an institution, established with the idea of supplying, if only in a very limited Another young woman, ::Yliss Paz Arguellas, from Capiz, P. 1., who way, the need for trained Catholic workers, has become known internationally, and that from these far distant lands, young women prompted by high idealism and urged on by was with us last year, will return to complete her course. 'he, too, their Bishops, are making great sacrifices to come here that they may be trained for a hopes to go back to work for her people. In addition to the two years great work.

Mrs. La Berge Makes Month's Tour in Interest of Seattle Council, N. C. C. W.

R . HARRY A. La BERGE, pre ident of the Seattle Diocesan City chairman are active in several instancps, and as more intensive Conference of atholic Women, has been making a tour of organization proceed other city chairmen are being appointed. M Western Washh.gton, compri ing the entire Diocese of eattle, in the interests of the Diocesan Conference and reports encouraging WORK APPROVED BY BI HOP 0' DEA progress in all the five deaneries of the diocese. Mrs. La Berge was thirty-one days on the tour of the diocese and met Bi hop O'Dea commends the work of the Diocesan Council, and urges with groups or individuals in behalf of the Council work every day and vigorous support of the Nev,,'man House Foundation. The War Census some days both afternoon and evening. which was undertaken by the Dioce an Conference at the request of It is most interesting reading-this account of inten ive organiza­ the Hi torical Records Department of the N. C. W. . has 1 en nearly tion on the deanery plan. We hope to hear something of this type of completed-some deaneries having already ent in a complete report. organization from Mrs. La Berge at our approaching convention. It is ~lrs. John N. Jackson, regional director ~1iss Helen Collin of attie, to be hoped, too, that some of the deanery presidents who accompanied Mrs. Harry La Berge, ~lrs. Lawrence Dempsy, dioce an chairman of Mrs. La Berge throughout their respective deaneries may be present also. P. T. A., and Mrs. C. E. Arendt will attend the venth Annual Con­ DEANERY COUNCILS A 8IG ED ~ PECIAL WORK vention, the latter as delegate from the ""eattle Diocesan Conference of atholic Women. Each of these deanerie , in addition to furthering the national and diocesan program has a special piece of work for which the deanery We quote from 1\1rs. La Berge: organization is responsible. The dioce an chairmen of standing com­ "I have been most delighted with the progress and enthu iasm evi­ Inittees are active as well, all of which ensmes a constructive, coordi­ denced everywhere and have enjoyed the opportunity of getting thi nated program. cIo e-up of the work the various deaneries are doing, thf'ir individual The deanery presidents are as follows: Mrs. Wm. Tur n cliffe , central ' difficulties and their ways of solving the problems that come before deanery; Mrs. W. P. McCarthy, western deanery; Nlrs. E. W. Doherty, them. I found the officers zealous and capable the clergy cooperating northern deanery; Mr.. M. B. .McBride, southern deanery; :\I1's. Arthur and encouraging the Conference, the member. ai'ling and helping in Toupin, eastern deanery. every way po ible."

=---~~---+------September, 1927 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN 13 Denver Diocesan Council Holds Quarterly Meeting

T BEAUTIFUL BROADMOOR HOTEL, Colorado welfare work is handled in such a manner as to receive commendation Springs, in the shadow of Pike's Peak, one hundred from the Knights of Columbus at their State Convention in June. The recently organized Council .in Trinidad reports a most intelligent A mem bers of the Denver Diocesan Council of Cath­ program along these lines. olic Women gathered for the July quarterly meeting of the The interest of the members assembled at the quarterly meeting was Council. The attendance included earnest, interested women centered upon a program for the Teachers' Health Conference (see page from Pueblo, Denver, Brighton, Walsenburg, Trinidad, Bris­ 14), sponsored by the Diocesan Council, and to be held September 1 tol, and Colorado Springs. The presence of Dr. Anne and 2, in Cathedral School, Denver. The Council will be assisted by the Denver City Health Department and the Denver Tuberculosis Nicholson, field organizer for the N. C. C. W., afforded an Society. unusual opportunity for helpful information to Deanery V ARIETY OF TOPICS DISCUSSED Councils in process of organization, and a stimulus to those already functioning. The afternoon session followed the luncheon, which was served in the tea room of the Broadmoor Hotel. The program for the afternoon was as follows: The Reverend P. J. Barrie, Missionary Apostolate of New MRS. O'FALLON PRESIDES AT SESSIONS York, whose subject was "Catholic Women's Activities in the Archdio­ cese of New York;" the Reverend J. T. McDermott, O.M.I., pastor of The husiness sessions were held in the "Little Theatre" of the hotel, the Sacred Heart Church, Colorado Springs, "Catholic Viewpoint of and were opened with prayer by the Very Reverend Monsignor Raber. the Equal Rights Amendment;" Mi s Alice Scollard, formerly public Ml's. M. J. O'Fallon, president of the Deanery Diocesan Council of health mU'se of Colorado Springs, "The Health Work Being Done in Catholic Women presided. The reports of the standing committees Colorado Springs;" Mrs. Florence Horton, "The Work of the Catholic and the Board meeting were followed by an open business session at Daughters in Colorado Springs." which reports of the Diocesan Council, the various deaneries, and affiliated organizations were presented and problems discussed. One ATTENDANCE OF CLERGY ENCOURAGING of the most interesting of these reports is that of the survey made by IVIiss Constance Wilcox, executive secretary of the Diocesan Council, The members of the Council were much encomaged by the attend­ of conditions to be met in Pueblo. (See page 11). ance of so many of the· clergy. Besides those taking part in the program, The survey was financed by the Denver Deanery Council, of which there were present the Reverend Fathers Wolohan of Pueblo, L. F. lVIiss Mary Coughlin is president, through funds received from the Hagus of Broadmoor, Bernard Froegel of Brighton, and John Mulroy Benefit Shop. of Denver. Throughout the Diocese, the necessity of Mexican Welfare is para­ At the close of the session, Dr. Anne Nicholson presided at a round mount in order to off et the work of proslytizing by outside agencies. table discussion at the close of which the novice in the work had a much This need is being met in a most gratifying manner through the Dio­ clearer conception of the aims of the N. C. C. W., and the benefits of cesan Council of Catholic Women. In Denver, the clinic, sewing and unifying the work of the different Catholic women's organizations. home betterment groups, and clRsses in catechetical instruction, all The Catholic Daughters tutiy Club entertained in honor of Dr. conducted through the proceeds of the N. C. C. W. Benefit Shop, ex­ Nicholson at luncheon at the Argonaut Hotel, Denver, Monday, press a concerted effort to help these people. In Pueblo, Mexican A Igust 1.

I

Archbishop Hanna Congratulates Berkeley Council

HE RE ENT MEETING OF THE BERKELEY Council of deaf and blind children reported securing automobiles to take the the an Francisco Council of Catholic Women, at which a report children to Mass on Stmdays. Christmas gifts and a party were given T of the year's work was presented, was mo t inspiring. JVlost the children of this institution. . Rev. Edward J. Hanna, Archbishop of San Francisco, was present, and At the luncheon held at the Hotel Claremont, there were thre congrat.ulated the delegates on their splendid accomplishment. hundred women in attendance. The principal topic for discu sion was Among the works taken up by the group are "Interest in and care the promotion of an educational campaign in the interests of the work for the deaf and blind children, who are in the State School for the Deaf for sub-normal children, undertaken by the Diocesan Council. Mrs. and Blind, which is located at Berkeley," "General Welfare and Re­ Arthur Sherry, president of the Berkeley Council, presided. "Under ligious Instruction in the District," "Interest in the Filipino Students her guidance, this unit will undoubtedly accompli h great thing in the Attending the niversity of California." future. The city of Berkeley is an outstanding educational c nter, being the The committee report d the payment of $100, the Berkeley quota home of the great University of California. Catholic students may well for the Scholarship provided by the Archdiocesan Council for a student be proud of the wonderful Newman Hall, whi h wa the contribution of in the Service 'chool at Washington. During the year a reception and entertainment were given at Newman Hall for "the fifty Filipino students. the former Archbishop of San Francisco, Most Reverend P. W. Riordan, who was deeply interested in the welfare of the college students. Arch­ A movement was there initiated for securing a club house for these bishop Hanna has given the same enthusiastic support to everything same students, and such has been secured. The Council contributed $200 towards the furnishings. The Council has also established a that has been done for the welfare of Catholic tudents. The Council of Catholic Women may well find a great field for work in connection Scholarship at St. Iary's College, Oakland. with the niversity, and also with the tate School for the Deaf and The Immigration Committee reported the successful follow-up of Blind, in addition to the many local work which will appeal to such ten immigrants reported to them. The Committee for the care of the a well organized group. 14 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927

I___ W__ h_a_t _ _C_at_h-:--o_l_ic_W_o_m_e_fl_A_re_D_o_ifl_g_a_t_H_o_m_e __ -r. Bishop Lillis Blesses New Girls' Home Convention of the N. C. C. W. by Mrs .•T. J. Dorgan, diocesan presi­ KANSAS CITY, MO.-On Saturday, 'July 16, Rt. Rev. Thomas dent, and at the Conference of Charities in Los Angeles by Mrs. J. J. Furlong, first vice-president. F. Lillis, D.D ., Bishop of Kansas City, blessed the chapel in the new addition of St. Catherine's Home for Girls, 11th Street and Forest Denver Council Sponsors Health Conference Avenue, Kansas City, Mo., and said the first Mass in the chapel on DENVER, COL.-The Denver Diocesan Council of Catholic that day. The new addition also provides private rooms, a large Women, assisted by the Denver Health Department and the Denver recreation room, library, parlors and sisters' quarters. In fact, it is Tuberculosis Society, is sponsoring a Teachers' Health Conference complete in every way and will make possible the proper housing of of parochial school teachers. The meetings will be held September a large number of employed girls who will be in need of such a home 1 and 2, at the Cathedral School. as St. Catherine's affords. The purpose of the conference is to discuss the essentials of a well St. Catherine's Home was formerly the home of the parents of the rounded health program; to give methods for teaching health; to Reverend Bishop Lillis, and was given by Bishop Lillis to the Sisters demonstrate certain health activities; to show charts and posters of Mercy in 1921 for the purpose of conducting a home in Kansas and to distribute helpful health literature. Conference with spec­ City for employed girls. The Home has been in existence since 1921 ialists in the health field will be an outstanding feature of the b ut the building has scarcely been large enough to acccmmodate all program. who wished to reside there and during the last year the new addition It is hoped that teachers, pastors and assistant priests in charge has been built. The formal opening to the public was held on Sun­ of the parochial schools and representatives from the Parent-Teacher day, J uly 31, at which time the home was open to all for inspection. Associations will be in attendance. Davenport Diocesan Council Convention Scheduled The following topics will be included in the program: A discussion of the aims of health teaching in the schools accompanied by lantern DAVENPORT, IOWA.-At a recent meeting of the executive s'ides; a demonstration of a physical examination, (to be given by a Committee and officers it was decided, if Rt. Rev. Bishop Rohlman leading child specialist of Denver); A discussion of the advantages of a pprove, the annual convention of the Davenport Diocesan Council the correction of remediable physical defects, including how the will be held during October, the date to be fixed later. Plans for a teacher may assist in getting these corrections made; a first grade large convention are under way and it is expected that this 1927 health lesson demonstrated by a sister of one of the schools; what session will be the banner gathering of the Council. the teacher should know about Psychiatry; how the P. T. A. may Delegates from Muscatine, Clinton, Davenport and De Witt at­ assi t in developing a good health program in the school, how the tended the executive meeting. Rev. Martin Cone of Clinton, to P. T. A. may be organized in the school. whom the council owes much for his unfailing intere t and coopera­ There is no question that this conference will meet with a splendid tion, was also in attendance. response, and that it will have a far-reaching effect on the health The Davenport Council will be represented at the Seventh National conditions of the children in Denver. '1' Religion Requires Trained Teachers Says "Good Housekeeping" Editor OMMENTING on the unanimous decision rendered by the there about teaching religion to our children when and where we members of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the please. The Constitution says that no religion shall be establi hed C State of New York, upholding the public school authoritie of by law; it does not say we must not try to establish religion in the White Plains in the practice of granting public chool time for religious hearts of our children; it does not say that it is un-American to do instruction given out ide the puhlic school by private agencies, Wil­ thi in the one pJace where aU children can be reached." liam Frederick Bigelow, editor of Good HOllsekeep£ng, has the following In this connection the editor of Good Housekeeping also calls at­ interesting comment in th~ July D;umber of that magazine: tention to a comparatively recent public address of President Coolid e "I n all seriousness, are we not displaying a few evidences of mental (at Trenton, December 29, 1926) as an especially appropo statement. unbalance in our opposition to th~ teaching of religicr in the places fro Bigelow quotes the President as follows: where we send our children to be taught everything e'Ee? ~ recent " Under our institutions the only way to perfect our gov- survey showed that a large majority of the adults of this country ernment is to perfect the individual citizen. It is necessary to reach believe in religion. It i,s a fair assumption that what we be~ieve in the mind and the soul of the individuaL It is not merely a change of we are willing our children should believe in. But how do we expect environment, but a change of heart that is needed. The power of them to arrive at this belief? the law may help, but only the power of righteousness can be com­ "We believe in arithmetic and grammar and history and sociology pletely sufficient. I know of no way that this can be done save and psychology, but we don't attempt to teach these things to our through the influences of religion and education. By religion I do children. We leave them to trained teachers. Then why not re­ not mean either fanaticism or bigotry; by education I do not mean ligion, which is, in the la t analysis, more important than all of the the cant of the schools; but a broad and tolerant faith, loving thy other things put together? Not denominationalism, not creed-no neighbor as thyself, and a training and experience that enable the one wants that kind of teaching; but the great everlasting precept human mind to see into the heart of thing. This has been a long, and principles that always have made for better citizenship, that slow, and laborious process, accompanied by many failure and many always will make for a better and bigver individual and national life. di~appointments. No doubt there will 'be many more in the future "We admit the existence of such precepts and principles, but refuse But those who have faith in the power of the individual to work to­ them a place in a textbook; we acknowledge their effect upon charac­ v.rard moral perfection are willing to entrust their de tiny to that ter, but withhold them when character is in the making. 'Why? method of reform. It is that faith which justifies the Amt-:ricall con­ 'Because it is unconstitutional to teach religion in the public schools,' ception of popular sovereignty. There is no other theory by which some one says, But that is not so. The Constitution says that we could explain the making of the American nation and no other 'Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of reli­ theory on which we can hope for its continuity." gion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.' That's all: nothing In this faith, the editor concludeR, let us. somehow, go forward. ------~ ------September, 1927 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN 15 Study Club Season is at Hand Conference Committee Prepared to Aid Interested Groups With Outlines on Timely Subjects

HE MONTH OF SEPTEMBER usually marks the beginning vote a certain amount of time monthly to the consideration of the Study Club season. During this month organizations and of problems of an interesting, informative, and social charac­ T individuals interested in this particular form of adult education ter and value. Such people have not the time, nor very often are organizing their work, selecting the topics to be studied, and as­ the academic preparation, necessary for an exhaustive examin­ sembling such material and data as will aid them in the successful con­ ation of a mooted question. They do wish, however, to be duct of the work. informed, and they feel that working together with others During the past four years the National Councils of Catholic 1\Ien (and especially when trained leadership is available) they and Women, comprising the Lay Organizations Department of the N. will be able to acquire much more than if they attempted to C. W. C., have given considerable attention to the study club program. work by themselves. So much healthy intellectual rivalry The two Councils have been greatly aided, especially in the prepara­ and stimulation to further study and effective action come tion of study club outlines by a permanent Committee on Study Clubs from contact with others that it amply repays for the giving with representation from the Executive, Social Action, Education, up of one's time to attend club meetin~s." Legal and Lay Organizations Departments of the Conference. VALUE OF FORMING PUBLIC OPINION STUDY CLUB-OUTLINES Now AVAILABLE Under the auspices of this committee, fifteen different outlines have For several years past non-Catholic groups have been actively en­ been prepared on topics of vital, and especially cmrent interest, as gaged in the study club movement. Practically every large national follows: The Ch'u,rch and Rural Problems, Elements of American Demo­ organization of men and women devotes a great deal of its energy to cracy, Girls' Welfare, Health Education, Social Service, The Christian the promotion of the discussion of public questions. These organiza­ Family, Religion: The Catholic Ideal of Life, Catholic Education, The tions well realize the power of an enlightened public opinion and have Boy Problem, The Mass, Development of Christian Art, Women in In­ found in the study club one of the most valuable methods of supplying dustry, Ctlrrent Legislation and The Catholic Press. The outlines on to their membership the knowledge required to influence public opinion Current Legislation, The Catholic Press and The Development of Christian and to enable their members to actively and effectively participate in Art are at present out of print. public movements. Each outline presents a unit comse of study setting forth, in usually That our Catholic organizations are also appreciating both the need eight different lessons, the scope to be covered in studying the particular for and value of this kind of enlightenment is indicated by the fact that subjects. For example, the study club outline on Social Service treats since launching the study club program the Lay Organizations Depart­ of that subject in the following eight Ie ons: The Ch1'istian Family, ment of the Conference has been in touch with more than 500 organiza­ Disorganized Families, How to Discover Need, How to Help, Public tions and individuals interested in the various outlines which the Health, Neglected Children, Neglected and Dependent Old Age, and The Conference Committee on tudy Clubs has made available. It is Immigrant. expected that dming the present season thi number will be substan­ CIVICS TUDY CLUB OUTLINE POPULAR tially increased. For the purpose of ascertaining the reactions of these various groups Another popular outline, The Elements of American Democracy, has to the N. C. W. C. study club material, a questionnaire was recently the following lesson divisions: The Citizen and the State, The Rights of sen ont from the headquarters offices of the Men's and Women's the Citizen, How Our American Government is Organized, The Citizen's Councils, asking for their recommendations with regard to changes in Part in Government, The Making of Laws, Carrying on the People's . the 0 .tUnes which have been used up to this time and their suggestions Work, and The Constitution of the United States. conce jng possible new outlines. The Outline on The Christian Family contains the following lessons: The Family the Unit of Christian Society, The Family and Christianity, IMMIGRATION OUTLINE REQUE TED The Christian Family - (a) In Imperial Rome, (b) In the Thirteenth Centtlry, The Reforrnation - Industry, The Non-Catholic Philosophy of Acting upon the suggestions contained in replies to the q uestion­ Self-Indulgence, The Woman in the Christian Home, Effect of Divorce naire received up to this time, the N. C. W. C. tudy Club Committee on the Family, and Family Limitation. The topics covered by the will soon make available a number of new outlines. Many of the other outlines are treated in a similarly comprehensive manner. replies contained requests for an outline on the much di cussed subject of immigration. This outline has ~lready been prepared and covers "How TO CO D T A TUDY LUB" BOOKLET the following scope: Immigration to the United States, The Effect of In addition to the outlines named, the N. C. W. C. Study Club Immigration on the Church, Re trictil'e Immigration Laws Gradually Committee has made available a little booklet which contains many Adopted, The Immigration Act of 1921,., Problems which Confront the practical suggstions with regard to the formation and conduct of study I mmigrant, Importance of Catholic I rmnigrant A id (Intern,ational in clubs. This i entitled How to Conduct a Study Club. The Committee Scope), Necessity of Catholic Followup, and Use Which A-fay be Made of Bugge ts that no tudy club work be attempted until study club leader N. C. W. C. Bureau of Immigration. and members have had an opportunity t.o study carefully the many excellent suggestions which this little booklet contains. Two para­ INTEREST IN TUDY OF EUGE TICS graph from the introductory chapter of this booklet may be quoted here, one on the purpo e of a study club and the other on the value of )'lany correspondents requested an outline dealing with the general this form of self-education. n the first mentioned point the booklet subject of Eugenics. The outline of such a study is also under prepara­ says: tion and it 'will include treatment ot this subject under the following headings: The All eaning of Eugenics, The Catholic Church and Eugenics, "The fundamental objective of the tudy club is to in­ The Relation Between Eugenics and Birth Control Eugenic and Birth form it members on a subject in which th yare interested or Control Legislation, Control of Population. about which they do not know as much as they should, or Among other outlines now being con idered by the N. C. W. C. about which they would like to know more." 'tudy C] llb Committee are Education Legislation with particular refer- (( 'tudy Clubs are not for experts; they are for bu y men and women, who, conscious of their limitations, wish to de- Continued on Page 20 16 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927

National Council Catholic Men Chairman: RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS, D.D.

OFFICERS AND MEMBERS EXECUTIVE MEMBERS OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE COMMITTEE Martin Conboy Walter T. "Johnson, President Archdiocese of New York , Archdiocese of Cincinnati James J. Murray Joseph M. Tally, Vice-President Diocese of Cleveland Diocese of Providence Charles I. Denechaud James E. Deery, Secretary Archdiocese of New Orleans Diocese of Indianapolis Charles L. Korz Francis 'Lowther, Treasurer Diocese of Newark Archdiocese of St. Louis Joseph H. Reiman Admiral W. S. Benson, Archdiocese of Baltimore Diocese of Pittsburgh. Richmond Dean, Archdiocese of Chicago Charles F. Dolle Michael B. Hurley, Archdiocese of St. Paul Archdiocese of Cincinnati Michael J. Slattery, Archdiocese of Philadelphia Thomas P. Flynn, Archdiocese of Chicago Executive Secretary: Charles F. Dolle

Detroit Catholics Proud of Diocesan Institutions N. C. C. M. Convention Delegates to See Splendid Developments Under Bishop Gallagher . WHEN RT. REV. MICH­ Heart Seminary, of English Collegiate Gothic, now hou ing AEL J. GALLAGHER, five hundred students and twenty-three professors, giving D.D., came to Detroit the full classical course and the two years OF philosophy. nine years ago as head of the Were nothing else accomplished by the Bishop, here would Diocese, the city was really just be sufficient testimonial of his zeal and care. More than beginning to grow into a metro­ nine million dollars were pledged by the people of the Dio­ polis. The Bishop's Hou e was cese of Detroit for this Preparatory Seminary, and from this an old ram-shackle building, once vast sum has been created an endowment fund, carefully in­ the pride of Washington Boule­ vested in government bonds to yield an income sufficient for vard, but long since crumbling the needs of the Seminary for all time. So that the people to decay. The Catholic Church of Detroit, having pledged the money for the work, are not owned, for the most part, only to be asked for additional aid, with which to maintain this

BISHOP GALLAGHER such property as served its im­ splendid institution. of Detroit mediate use as sites for churches, convents and schools. CHANCERY A DIOCESAN OFFICE BUILDING Grasping the development of the future, the Rt. Rev. Scarcely had the Seminary campaign ended, when Bishop Bishop began to lay his plans accordingly. Sites were selected Gallagher planned the erection of the present Chancery for future churches and schools in remote districts, where Building, situated on Washington Boule.vard, in the heart land values had. not yet begun to rise, and where the people of the financial and business district of Detroit, and housing had not yet begun to build their homes. These sites were the offices of all the diocesan activities and organizations. held until Detroit grew up to them, and the churches and In addition to a modern Chancery Office, it provides a rectory schools came quickly, in the wake of the settlers of the out­ on the eighth floor for the Pastor of St. Aloysius Church. lying territories. In some cases, The Chancery Building, de­ almost before the church buildings signed in a modern version of the were completed, the subdivisions DETROIT DIOCESE TO ENTERTAIN French Romanesque style of archi­ were sold out, every available lot N. C. C. M. CONVENTION tecture, compares favorably with was taken as a site for a home, HROUGH the gracious invitation of Right the more pretentious office build­ and additions were planned, often T Reverend Michael J. Gallagher, D.D., Bishop ing of the city, and serves al 0 before the roof was on the new of Detroit, the Seventh Annual Convention of the to keep the church in the heart of structure. Such, in brief, is the National Council of Catholic Men will meet in the city. It stands on the site of story of "Dynamic Detroit." the See City of the Diocese on the former rectory of St. Aloysiu OCTOBER 16, 17 and 18. SEMINARY FIRST GREAT PROJECT Church, a tiny, weather-beaten The first great project inaugur­ The Book-Cadillac Hotel will be the headquar- structure that dated almost back ters of the convention, the full program of which to the day of Cadillac. A full ated by Bishop Gallagher upon will be announced in the October number of the his succession to the See of De­ N. C. W. C. BULLETIN. description of this unique Chan- troit was the magnificent Sacred cery Building will be found in September, 1927 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN 17

The American Architect of. December Suffice it to say that there were 20, 1926. scores of beautiful new churches, The third undertaking was the schools, convents, and rectories ere9tion of a suitable home for the erected, sixty-eight new parishes have Bishop, not only the present Bishop, ' been established and one hundred but for his successors of the future. and sixty-eight priests have been or­ Land values on Washington Boule­ dained for the diocese, since it came vard, the site of the old house, had under the management of Bishop risen in value until it was possible Gallagher. Mercywood, a Sanitor­ to sell the land for a sum of money ium outside of Ann Arbor, a well large enough to purchase a site for equipped hospital at Lansing, the the new home, in the most exclusive state capitol, another at Jackson, at and highly restricted residential sec­ Mt. Clemens, at Flint, at Ham­ tion of the city, and to complete the tramck, at Pontiac, and at Battle magnificent residence which now Creek have been established, the serves as the Bishop's Home. latter of unusual note because of the Here again, looking far into the fact that the building is the gift of future meant thousands of dollars a non-Catholic friend of the Church. saved for the Dioce e. When Bishop The cloistered Carmelites, as well Gallagher purchased the plot of as those caring for the aged and in­ ground commanding a beautiful cor­ firm, were brought to Detroit by ner in Palmer Woods, as a site for Bishop Gallagher, and the Sisters of his home, lots were selling in the St. Joseph were invited to establish neighborhood of two and three thou - a hospital in the city, now flourishing and dollars. Long before the Bish­ CHANCERY BUILDING OF DETROIT DIOCESE a one of the finest of the city's hos­ op's House was erected, the same lots J,ocated on Washinl!;ton Boulevard in the heart of the pitals, located on the main thorough­ downtown district sold for ten and fifteen thousand dol- fare, East Grand Boulevard. Addi­ lars, and the ubdivision is now practically entirely built up, tions have been made to the older hospitals, a splendid land values steadily advancing. The Bishop's House is built Nurses' Home ~nd an Infants' Home recently added to Provi­ for the future, and follows the English Tudor Gothic archi­ dence Hospital, the million dollar gifts of generous Catholic . tecture, with interior decorations of Elizabethan style, built GROWTH OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS to withstand the ravages of time and to serve its original purpo e well down the centuries. De La Salle Collegiate, in charge of the Christian Brothers, a splendid type of building, has been erected in the city, SIXTy-EIGHT NEW PARISHES ESTABLISHED devoted to the classical education of boys'. What is known To enumerate the new buildings erected under the regime the "College enter" of Detroit, in the p.orthwestern part of Bishop Gallagher would tax the space of this publication. of the city, houses the new and greater Un'versity of Detroit.

SACRED HEART SEMIN RY-FIR T GREAT PROJECT INAUGURATED BY BISHOP GALLAGHER UPON HI STTCCESSION TO THE EE OF DETROIT An endowment fund created from money subscribed by the people of the Diocese of Detroit provides an income ufficient for the needs of the, eminary fer all time. 18 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN September, 1.927 the property of of Michigan, and the Jesuit he was v i n d i - Fathers, w her e cated later in the structures val­ stand he main­ ued at twelve tained d uri n g milli on dollars those h e c tic are under con­ times, when this structio·n, and Commonwealth close by, stand became the bat­ the buildings of tlefield of Amer­ Marygrove Col- · ica, by the unan­ lege, devoted to imous decision of the higher edu­ the United cation of young States Supreme BISHOP'S RESIDENCE ERECTED BY BISHOP GALLAGHER AT LUCER_ E DRIVE AND ladies, under the WELLESLEY BOULEVARD, PALMER WOODS, DETROIT Court in 1925. Sisters- Servants All of the vari- of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, of Monroe, Michigan. ous activities of the diocese, of course, are shared by the Rt. The Little Sisters of the Poor, the House of the Good Rev. Joseph C. Plagens, D.D., Auxiliary Bishop, appointed Shepherd and the Felician Sisters have expanded to such an three years ago, to assist Bishop Gallagher in the strenuous extent in recent years, that all of these communities are work. Letting down the nets into the untrammeled deeps, planning new homes, the sites are already selected and the the faith that Bishop Gallagher had in the future of Detroit, buildings are to be in keeping with the growth of the diocese. has been well repaid, speaking both from a material and Every human need is anticipated by the church. Homes from a spiritual standpoint, and those who are the best for the infants and the orphans, for the aged and infirm, judges of its future believe that the Diocese of Detroit is sanitariums for the care of the mind-weary, for the sick, for just beginning to grow, just getting ready to take its place the unfortunate, the d~stitute, the forsaken-all are care­ in the sun. The last census credited Detroit with over six fully provided for in the plans of the upbuilding of the Dio­ hundred thousand Catholics, and the next census will un­ cese of Detroit, also a home for working girls is now nearing doubtedly show a considerable increase, commensurate with completion, the newest of the activities of the diocese, the growth of the city. under the direction of the League of Catholic Women, a +++ million-dollar undertaking. Fr. Frigon to Bless American Soldiers' Graves The next great step .forward will be the building of the new Cathedral, on a site in the northwestern part of the in France city. The Cathedral will be of the Early French Gothic R EV. JEAN B. FRIGON, O.M.L, of Brownsville, Texas, sailed type of architecture, one of the largest and finest churches August 13 for France, where, as a representative of the National in all the world and its completion will mark an epoch in Catholic Welfare Conference, he will bless the graves of a third group of Catholics who died with the American Expeditionary Force in the the history of the diocese. World War and \\"ho are buried in Europe. . SPIRITUAL PROGRESS KEEPS PACE Father Frigon's departure discloses that of the 29,030 graves of Where there is such material progress, it goes without Ctknown" dead officially reported by the War Department, 4,557 have already been established definitely to be those of Catholics. Moreover·, saying that there is also spiritual progress, and the Diocese the N. C. W. C. Bureau of Historical Records, is tracing the records of of Detroit takes second place in no spiritual endeavor. more than 5,000 dead soldiers of the A. E. F. who have been reported Chiefly through the untiring efforts of the Church, the wheels from reliable sources as Catholics. lVlany of these are thought to be of industry are stilled in Detroit during the "Tre Ore". on buried in Europe although the fact has not yet been established. On this trip to Europe, Father Frigon will ble s 728 Catholic graves. Good Friday. Pra:ctically every public building is closed, On two previous visits, one in 1922 and the other in 1924, he blessed every office, every theatre-while the people, regardles of 3,829 graves. On each occasion Father Frigon's work took him into creed, journey to the various places of worship to do honor three countries and eight cemeteries. to the dying King. In every pari h of the entire diocese, The cemeteries and the number of graves in each to be visited on there is a branch of the Holy Name Society and hundreds .this trip are as follows: 1Ieuse-Argonne, 268; Oise-Aisne, 113; t. :\lihiel, 82; omme, 115; of thousands of men and boys receive Holy Communion Belleau Wood, 53; Suresnes, 4: ; Flander Field in Belgium, 42, and monthly, a most edifying sight in the smallest hamlet as Brookwood in England, 7. well as in the great City of Detroit. The 3,829 graves blessed by Father Frigon on his two preceding visits were divided as follows: BISHOP GALLAGHER DEFEATS ATTACK ON SCHOOL Belleau Wood, 365; Meuse-Argonne, 1,6 8; Oise-Aisne, 716; Somme, 184; t. Mihiel, 611; Suresnes, 177; Flander Field in Belgium, 56, and Brooh.-wood in England, 32. Bishop Gallagher is given just credit for · the masterly In addition to these 4,557 Catholic American soldiers who~ e graves have been definitely manner in which he successfully conducted the two great located, and the thousands whose records are yet to be earched, there are more than 5,000 Catholic heroes of the A. E . F. whose bodies already have been brought back to this campaigns of 1920 and 1924, to save the parochial schools country. °I September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 19 The Sterilization Fallacy By H. H. McClelland, M.D.

EDITOR'S NOTE: In accordance with our previous announcement, the BULLETIN presents the accompanying article as another valuable contribution in its campa~·gn to expose the fallacies of legalized hu'man sterilization as the solution of the problems of the feebleminded and insane. Against the theories of the overzealous but ill-informed social workers who advocate such freak legislation, we ask our readers to consider the seasoned views and sound arguments of experienced medical authorities. Dr. McClelland, our present contributor, was for four and one-half years, superintendent of the Dayton State Hospital for the Insane, is a member of the American Medical Association, a fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, and has had a wide practice in Psychiatry over a period of nearly ten year8. He recently left the Dayton State Hospitalfor the Insane to become executive director of "The Ohio Association for the Welfare of the Mentally Sick," a non-profit corporation whose objectives he states in this article. As Dr. McClelland says, it takes jolts sometimes to awaken us to the needs of certain problems. Freak sterilization laws are causing thinking persons to take a deeper" interest in this great social problem. Let us hope its discussion will bring full justice and protection to a class termed by the present writer "God's most neglected people."

OR THE PAST SEVERAL YEARS we have been Cause. No one who h(:mestly believes theistic philosophy could think surfeited with a certain type of doctrine in considering in terms of sterilization, as the two thoughts are directly antagonistic. F the treatment and prevention of the mentally sick that We see then from the above that those who have had a materialistic conception of life will think in terms of sterilization of the "unfit," has expressed itself in proposed legislation to segregate and as they call them; while those who have a theistic conception will sterilize these patients in the hopes that they will eventually think in terms of doing everything they possibly can either to alleviate disappear from society. The proponents of this particular the sufferings or to make life as pleasant as possible for those who be­ plan are, I am quite sure, very sincere in their contentions come mentally sick. either from a civic interest or a purely selfish motive and it is not my desire to in any wise deride their opinions or the IN my opinion, the present day thoughts of sterilization are a direct result of a lack of understanding of the mentally sick patient to­ sincerity behind these opinions but merely to point out on gether with a great mass of false statistics that have been prepared by what false grounds they are making their stand. the eugenic enthusiasts. Several years ago, if you will remember, we If we would consider the various stages they have passed were told that as soon as the saloon disappeared the asylums of the in their mental deductions before they arrived at the con­ country would be emptied because alcohol was th~ great cause of mental sickness. From a medical viewpoint alcohol seldom, if ever, caused an -elusion, we will be better able to understand where they insanity. Many mentally sick people drank alcohol to excess but the stepped off the main line or started on the tangent. To alcohol was not the cause of their mental illness. It was but a symp­ better understand the point of divergence we must deal tom of their lack of judgment. with the mother of sciences-philosophy. Likewise, today we are told that "like breeds like" and that we Brieflly there -are three main types of philosophy taught hould sterilize the mentally sick so that they can- not have mentally s - children. This line of reasoning is just as false as the former. and believed today-materialism, pantheism and theism. It an insanity or a feebleminded condition could get into a germ cell I t is not my purpose to define each one of these types, for and produce its "like," then an education could get into the germ cell to understand them properly one must spend several years and the children of college graduates would be born with a complete in hard and earnest study. The main opposing schools of education. A careful, unbiased study of the family trees of those who are mentally sick will reveal that there is no greater proportion of philosophy are materialism and theism. mental sickness than there is in the family trees of those who are men­ tally well. Sterilization would be of no more value in eliminating the THE materialistic school of thought is quite young; the theistic mentally sick than cutting off the ears of mental sufferers with the same as old almost as our civilization. The materialistic school teaches objects in view. in brief that the mind is the function of the brain. If the brain is normal, There is a very definite biologic law that we must never lose sight or from "good stock," then the mind will be normal. If, however, the of that will always keep our opinions straight on this sterilization brain of the parents is apparently faulty in so far as the mind is not up question. It is: The citadel of the germ cell is impervious to attack. to normal, then the off-spring of that person will necessarily be faulty When we fully realize the whole meaning behind this law we will better because of the characteristic being carried along in the germ cell. under tand not only mental sickness but any other kind of sickness. They, in fact, compare the brain in the same way we have been taught Nodi ease may be inherited through germ cell, that is known to man. to develop the tail-bone of a cow through mating only those that have Some diseases may be acquired while the child is still in utero, but we a high rump. This school of thought, so far as I can understand, speak of these as being congenital and not inherited. Such diseases places man in the animal kingdom and really makes of him an animal are due to environment and not to heredity. The germ cell is true and nothing more. The mind is but the function of the brain like the blue always. power of contraction is the function of a muscle. Theistic philosophy teaches in brief that the mind or soul is not the WHAT are the causes of mental sickness? (By mental sickness is function of the brain but an expression of the Infinite. The mind or meant those conditions which we know of as insanity, mental soul comes to us not through generation but creation. It is the result deficiency and the epilepsies). of the act of the Creator and operates through the brain as a condition. We do not know. There have been several theories such as the This type of thinking raises the dignity of man from the level of the hereditary theory, early environment, the strains and stresses and beast. It is the type of philosophy believed by all religions and their physical or toxic factors within the body. There is a growing school various creedal subdivisionR who believe in one God, Nature or First of medical men who believe that all marked abnormal mentlll reactions 20 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927

are intimately connected with the environment of the individual both As such legislation comes up in the various general assemblies of the internal and external. They believe that a mental sickness is closely states and it is as regularly defeated by those who will fight in the related to the deliria, that every effect must have its cause and that cause of the mentally sick, it is bound to awaken more interest in the that cause is largely a medical porblem. problem and possibly eventually gain more and more friends for this This opinion or theory of the cause, of mental sickness coincides great down-trodden class of people who are very appropriately called with the theistic school of philosophy and certain rather large observa­ "God's Most Neglected People." tions made in several different parts of the country tend to further the + idea. Two or three such incidents th~t tend to further the toxic THE Ohio Association for the Welfare of the Mentally Sick is an in­ theory of mental' sickness may be related here. corporated association consisting of the relatives and friends of Dr. Henry Cotton, Superintendent of the Trenton State Hospital, the mentally sick who have certain definite aims and objectives as Trenton, N. J., discovered, largely through accident, that the discharge follows: rate in one year, 1913, was very much higher than it had been for everal years preceeding or at any year since. The only new factor 1. To arouse public opinion and to obtain necessary legislation to place all State Hospitals for the mentally sick on the same basis in equipment, introduced into the hospital that yeat was an enterprising dentist who personnel and administration demanded by progressive medical prin­ wished to gain some experience in extracting teeth and had consequently ciple and Practice in our general hospitals for the physically sick. extracted a number of infected and diseased teeth of the patients. 2, To abolish forever the domination of the custodial system and establish in its place a highly trained and slcilled personnel, and every necessay This caused Dr. Cotton to believe that possibly the infected teeth had equipment for the treatment of nervous and mental diseases, and the supplied the necessary toxin to cause the patients to become delirious scientific care of all pa.tients. 3. To crush out superstition and ignorance and enthrone in their place a. or insane and that the removal of the infections had helped the patients spirit of progress and enlightenment in the care, happiness and salva­ to so regain their normal mental reactions as to permit them to be tion of the mentally stricken. 4. To abolish those elements of the commitment laws which make in effect discharged back to their homes. Acting on this theory he inaugurated a criminal of the mentally sick. subject him to arrest, imprisonment, and more active dental treatment, and other treatments that would tend cruel and indefensible hardship, humiliation and intimidation, and erect in their place, just and decent laws that insure the protection of the to improve the physcial welfare of the patients, The result of this de­ patient and the public. cided therapeutic regime from a physical angle so greatly increased 5. To bring about the establishment of psychopathic hospitals, provide the discharge rate that it more than doubled in a five year period. for modern research, occupational therapy. recreational therapy. hy­ drotherapy and every practical medirAl principle and practice not only for the pos ible cure of the mentally sick, but for their improvement, A RATHER large observation was made on 1135 patients at the safety and wdfare. Dayton State Hospital, Dayton, Ohio, in 1923. These patients This association is maintained by popular subscription and ;.rill con­ were carefully examined physically and all findings charted and later fine its activities to the State of Ohio for the time being and then en­ classified. It was discovered that 77% of the patients were under­ large into a national association. weight, Each patient averaged ~ore than three diseased and abnormal conditions in his body. Another observation was made as to the re­ sult of hydrotherapy (water treatment). When only 75 such treat­ o far tlris association has gained the unanimous upport of the 135 ments were given each week there were 4000 hours of mechanical daily newspapers in the state of Ohio; 50 motion picture hou es have restraint necessary. When the treatments· were rai ed to 1400 per opened their doors to its propaganda; an intensive campaign of each week the hours of mechanical restraint dropped to 150. This seemed state hospital district in the state will begin this fall and winter. to indicate that the absorption of the water at body temperature so FUl'ther information regarding the scope and work of the as ociation diluted the toxin that the mechanical restraint was no longer necessary. may be had by addressing this as ociation at 406 Mutual Home Build­ Still another observation was made as to the effects of constipation. ing, Dayton, Ohio. 428 patients were used in this test. 94% were found to be constipated who were having stools daily. A change of diet and other medical procedures on 19 supposedly hopelessly insane girls between the ages of 20 and 35 resulted in 6 girls clearing up mentally within 30 days. As a result of attempting to utilize every available therapeutic measure Study Club Season is at Hand in this hospital for a four year period, together with obtaining the aid Continued from Page 15 and cooperation of the relatives and guardians, the discharge rate wa rai ed to the high mark of 77% of the admission rate which is twice the ence to the Curtis-Reed Bill; Marriage, treating of marriage a a aCl'a­ average in the United Sthtes. ment, ecclesiastical courts, annulment, etc., and having a chapter on divorce legislation; The Rel1'giolls Persecution in Mexico; and an outline M ANY other hospitals in the United States are slowly but surely dealing with Current Leg1:slation. The CommHtee is likewi. e consider­ coming to this conclusion and are ready and willing to do every­ ing the advisabilitr of preparing an outline on em'rent Cathol£c lVriters. thing that they can to help their patients con istent with their limited ~ - C. W, C. HEADQUARTER. READY '1'0 HELP personnel and equipment. . But as most of them have only the per­ sonnel and equipment of an asylum they can not be expected to obtain To keep its membership informed on the Catholic po ilion on such results. They will never obtain the necessary amount of money to vital questions a enumerated in the foregoing should be one of the conduct their hospitals as they should be conducted until the people main concerns of every Catholic organization. In practically every demand that the general as emblies make the necessary appropriations. tat and community legislation is being proposed dealing in one way We can readily understand from the above that any snch law as the or another with many of the above-named subject. Where the legis­ sterilization law is but freak legislation. It is as much beside the real lative stage has not yet been reached, discussions are going on to cry - point at issue as it would be to suggest sterilization of the patient talize public opinion. Our atholic men and women cannot afford to suffering from tuberculosis. The most active proponent of the measure remain aloof from any form of public discus ion of que tion with re­ would not like to have the la,,, become effective if he happened to be gard to which the Catholic viewpoint should be stated. tudy cl ubs the mentally sick patient, and therein at least he would be showing offer a most effective method of preparing for .. uch di cussion. As far good judgment. as their facilites will permit, the National Councils of Catholic len There is a good side, however, to such freak legislation, Just as there and Women will gladly assi t with outlines and advice all who write is a good side to war. It takes jolts sometimes to cause the great to their headquarters offices for aid in or~anizing and carrying on tudy thinking class of people to awaken to the needs of certain problems, club activities. September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 21

I N. C. C. M. Executive Secretary's Page By CHARLES F. DOLLE

Detroit Covention, N. C. C. M.--October 16, 17 and 18 A NNOUNCEMENT was made on this Throughout the convention the idea of the hospitality of the city to delegates, VISI­ page last month that the Seventh An­ cooperation and coordination of effort among tors and guests. A public mass meeting will nual Convention of the National Council of Catholic lay groups will be developed and be held in one of the largest auditoriums of Catholic Men will be held this year in Detroit. emphasized. The general plan of previous Detroit on Sunday night at which the key­ Our convention is going to that city by the conventions will be followed and explanation note of its proceedings will be sounded by invitation of Right Reverend Michael J. will be made of the various departments of men of national prominence. Gallagher, D.D., Bishop of Detroit, who has the Welfare Conference in order that those intrusted the arrangements foT' the reception who attend the meeting may obtain a better T HE business se ions of the convention of its delegates, visitors and distinguished conception of the work in which the Confer­ will be held in the Crystal Room of the guests to a local committee headed by Right ence is engaged for the advancement and Book-Cadillac Hotel on October 17 and 1 . Reverend John M. Doyle, chancellor of the preservation of the intere ts of the Church. As at previous convention , these will deal Diocese. Associated with Monsignor Doyle Delegates who attended previous conven­ with the work of the various departments of will be ,James Fitzgerald, executive secretary tions of the N. C. C. M. will have an oppor­ the Welfare Conference. of the St. Vincent de Paul Society; Thomas tunity to renew their acquaintance with the The full program is rapidly being completed P. Phillips, head of the Holy Name Union; work of the N. C. W. C. and obtain a new and will be carried in the next issue of the Arthur D. Maguire, B. A. Seymour and kno·wledge of its significance and importance BULLETIN. In the meantime an outline Harold Blair Schumm. This general com­ and the place of Catholic men in its cherne of the convention and registration cards will mittee will have the cooperation of a larger of organization. be ent to all our membership and affiliated group of approximately one hundred men group. prominent in the social, fraternal and business T HE Convention will open with a Pontifi- life of D troit and nothing will be left undone cal High l\lass on unday morning at to insure that this convention will be the which Bishop Gallagher will pontificate and R,EVISED "CALLAHAN AND THE largest in attendance and the mo t important the Right R verend Jo eph ... chremb. , eccle i­ MURP HY" TILL OBNOX IOUS in interest and influence that has yet been astical chairman of the Department of Lay held by our organization. That the attend­ Orrranizations of the onference, will preach ENERAL COl\IMENDATION of the ance this year will exceed that of any previoll the sermon. In the afternoon a local com­ G stand taken by the National Catholic year is practically already assmed. More­ mittee will provide entertainment and extend Welfar Conference against the objectionable over, by the change made in the constitution . photoplay, "The Callahans and the Mur­ of the N. C. C. ::\1. last year it is provided pby ," has been given everywbere. From that each membership society and parish REPRESENTATION AT widely separated parts of the country come group belonging to our rganization may 'end NATIONAL CONVENTION expre sions of approval and word that ex­ a delegate who will be entitled to full partici­ hibitors themselves have realized that the pation in all deliberation of the convention. OF N. C. C. M. film i an outrarreous rni representation of Article • even as amend d is printed below. R EPRESE~TATION t national the Iri h Catholic family and the Irish race Our membership groups are requested to conventions of the)J C. C. ~I. as well as a reflection upon their religion and sel ct their delegates at an ear~ date. Regis­ as provided for under AI' e VII of have unqualifiedly stamped it with their tration cards will be ent to all affiliated the constitution was amended at the condemnation. organiza tions. leveland, Ohio, Convention (1926) Yielding somewhat to the influence of the to read as follow : many protests filed with them, Metro-Gold­ D ATES of the convention are October 16, ARTICLE VII wyn-Mayer, producers of the picture, have 17 and 1. Headquarters will be at attempted by partial elimination of orne of "The Convention of the National Coun­ the Book-Cadillac Hotel, one of the finest the objectionable features to make the pic­ cil of Catholic 1.11 en shall be held annu­ hotels in the Iiddl West. The manage­ tme acceptable. The consensus of opinion ally, and hall be composed of the mem­ ment is prepar d to accommodate all delegates however is that the have failed to do so. bers of the Executive Board and the fol­ and gue't who attend and ha made special In the opinion of most reviewer there i lowing delegates: Every affiliated national room rates ($3.50 per day) that are regarded only one thing for the producers to do-\"ith­ as exceptionally favorable. Other hotels also organization shall be entitled to three draw the picture altogether. offer d stl'able accommodation at low rates. delegates, and every affiliat d state or­ Harrison's Reports, an important re\'iewing service, Repre entative of the Bishop of Detroit ganization shall be entitled to two dele­ free from the influence of film advertising, has s nt out and of the laymen generally have readily gates; every affiliated local organization a report to subscribing exhibitors in which it has adv] ed to one delegate and ev ry parish council them not to be mi led by statements sent out by the gra 'p d the importance of the c nvention of producers informing them that opposition to ''The our organization which they have succeeded shall be ent'tiled to one delegate. Eve1'y Callahans and the Murphys" has been withdrawn be­ in ,ecw'ing and ar making ext n ive prepa­ diocesan council shall be entitled to three causc!:!omeeliminatiors hay been made. Thi reviewing rations to r ceive all who att nd it with the delegates and also one additional delegate ervice recommends to exhibitor that the film "should be withdrawn not only for the good of the indu try but warm hospitality whi h is traditional of their for each ~;500 contributing members, as a1 0 of the producers themselve." "There will be ('ity. atholi prelates and clergy will be defined in Article VI, eclion III, or national censorship," it warns, "unless the producer among those who address the conv ntion nw.ior fraction thereof. Dioce an coun­ stop making thi!:! kind of picture." and prominent m n nationally known for cils in the progress of formation hall be Our membership group will be justified in continuing their protests against "The Callahans and the M: urphys." their work in the fields of l' ligiolls, social, entitled to one delegate, who shall be notwithstanding the eliminations made by its producers. educational and political activitips will take named by the ordinary of the rlioce e. ' They should continue to u e their influence with local part in it. exhibitors to induce them to refuse to show the film. 22 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927

N. C. W. C. Social Action Department Chairman ITS FIELDS ARE: RT. R~V. THOMAS F. LILLIS, D.D. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Bishop of Kansas City CITIZENSHIP SOCIAL WORK DIRECTOR RURAL WELFARE I Rev. .J:ohn A. Ryan, O.D. ~ N. C. W. C. Headquarters IN THESE FIELDS IT SERVES AS Washington, D. C. (1) A clearing house for Catholic social teaching; Rev. Edwin V. O'Hara, LL.D. (2) A bureau of information and standards; and Director, Rural Life Bureau (3) An active organization to assist in establishing civic, Eugene, Oreg. social and economic welfare.

Growing Influence of Rural Life Conference Wide Variety of Problems Discussed at Fifth Annual Meeting HE FIFTH ANNUAL NATIONAL CATHOLIC laity in every section who cannot get to the national conven­ RURAL LIFE CONFERENCE was held at Lansing, tion. During the past year several such state and diocesan T Michigan, August 2-5 in unusual but very happy conventions have been held. Reports were made on the conditions. The joint meeting of the Conference meetings by Rev. W. Howard Bishop of Balti­ with the American Country Life Association more, Rev. Francis Leipzig of Oregon City, and the International Country- Life As ociation Rev. B. Hilgenberg of Belleville, Rev. J. M. resulted in many advantages. Officers of the Campbell of Ames, Iowa, and Rev. A. J. Luckey Catholic Conference were represented on the of Concordia, Kansas. The growth of these Board of Directors of the American Country dioce an conferences during the past year in Life Association, and the delegates found much many sections of the country was welcomed en­ of interest in the sessions of that Association. thu iastically. In many ections it was re­ Several of the foreign delegates to the Inter- ported that deanery meetings of the clergy were . national meeting were prominent Catholic lay­ devoted to a discussion of the Catholic rural men and contributed to the program of the problem. Catholic Conference. REV. A. J. LUCKEY lVIILWAUKEE LEADS IN VACATION SCHOOLS One of these delegates was Hon. Paul de Reelected president of the Vuyst, director general of Agriculture in Bel- ~~~~:~c?a!fOl~e \iff~ If!= Reports on the development of the Rural ium, whose address on Training for Family nual Meeting held in Lansing, g Michigan, August 2-5. Vacation Schools showed an amazing growth. Life opened the Catholic session. Mr. de Vuyst This ummer such school were held in forty represented the Internatioll 1 Board at the Lansing meeting. dioceses-more than three hundred schools being held. Dr. Jean Lutoslavvski, editor of a leading agricultural journal Some of the schools reporting had an attendance of more in Poland, made one of the most important addresses of. the than three hundred children who came faithfully to religious entire week, in which he pointed out the serious consequence instru(:tion from eight-thirty to twelve o'clock every day of the excessive social mobility of population in America, for from four to six weeks. The immen e po ibilitie of resulting in so few children following their parent' vocation, thi mode of religious instruction were pointed out by thus losing the cumulative advantages of pas ing profe sional calling attention to the fact that there are t n thousand and cultural training from father to son. parish and mission churches in the United tate without parish schools. Miss lVlargaret Lynch of the National ADVANTAGES OF DIOCESAN CONFERENCE Council of Catholic Women reported on the twenty diocesan The sessions of the Catholic Conference were opened by groups of that organization which are promoting the vacation an address by the president ,Rev. A. J. Luckey of Manhat­ , chools. The Women' Council is working in co-operation tan, Kansas. After a survey of the development of the pa t with the Rural Life Bureau to organize ·upport for these year, Father Luckey opened the discussion of the d~oce an schools in every diocese. The Archdioce an Council of rural life conference. This is an important part of the Con­ Catholic Women in Milwaukee continues to hold the palm, ference program, because only a relatively small number of Miss Williams of that group reporting thirty-two school delegates from the various dioceses can attend a national thi summer. The Diocese of Grand Rapid follows closely convention, whereas by the dioce an conference·the program after Milwaukee. can be brought to the attention of hundreds of priests and The important aid to be given by the dioce an superin- September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 23

tendents of schools in the organizing of the summer instruc­ America. Departmental editors have been secured for tion schools was especially seen in the work of Father J os. several important sections. Their work win begin with the Barbian of Milwaukee, Father John M. Wolfe of Dubuque, October issue. Appreciation was voiced for the excellent and others. Father P. H. Kiley of Aiken, Minn., reported editorial work done during the past year by Father Mc­ on the very successful employment of seminarians during the Dermott. summer in teaching in these ' religious vacation schools. An invitation to hold the next annual meeting at Notre Father Felix Pitt of Louisville and Father A. J. Luckey of Dame was received from President Walsh of that institution Manhattan told of how Catholic college girls were giving and was accepted. A similar invitation from the Rt. Rev. their summer to the work, and Miss Lynch related the work Abbot of Atchison, Kansas, was accepted for the following of public school teachers in the same field. year. The Notre Dame meeting prorpises to be the most important in the history of the organization. The Uni­ BISHOP LILLIS AIDS CORRESPONDENCE COURSES versity of Notre Dame is developing the only four-year Encouraging reports on the employment of correspondence college of agriculture under Catholic auspices in the United methods of religious instruction for children remote from States. It is expected that a large number of farmers from church were heard from a number of sections. Leading in the central states will attend the Notre Dame meeting. A the use of Msgr. Day's Course of Religious Instruction by very favorable impression was made on the delegates at Correspondence was the Diocese of Kansas City, where due Lansing by the address of Mr. J. A. Hayward, director of to the encouragement given by Bishop Lillis great results the Notre Dame Agricultural College. An inspiring address ' had been obtained. on training for rural leadership was given by Rev. M. B. The efficiency of the consolidated parish was attested by Schlitz of Panama, Iowa. reports from various dioceses. This advantageous method ,of combining a number of small parishes or missions under OFFICERS ELECTED FOR THE ENSUING YEAR the care of a pastor with one or more assistants was detailed Five members elected to the Board of Directors for a by Father F. A. Schwab, C.S.Sp., of the Diocese of Little three-year term were Rev. T. R. Carey, Lapeer, Michigan, Rock, who spoke eloquently in depicting the results which Rev. W. P. McDermott, Racine, Wis., Rev. E. V. ,O'Hara, had been obtained by this pastoral method. His report of Eugene, Oregon, Rev. Joseph Schmidt of Harrisburg, Pa., success with the consolidated parish in the Diocese of Little and Mr. J. A. Hayward of Notre Dame, Ind. Officers Rock coincides with favorable results with similar experi­ elected for the coming year were Rev. A. J. Luckey, Man­ ments in the Diocese of Oklahoma, at Lapeer, Michigan, hattan, Kansas, president; Rev. W. Howard Bishop, Clarks­ and Lane County, Oregon. ville, Md., vice-president; Rev. Edwin V. O'Hara, secretary; and Rev. Felix Pitt, Louisville, Ky., treasurer. DR. FRANK O'HARA TO EDIT RURAL LIFE The convention passed resolutions of thanks to ' Bishop The official organ of the'Conference, the monthly periodical, Gallagher, . n whose diocese the convention was held, and to will be edited hereafter by Dr. Frank O'Hara, head of the Father Carey, chairman of the committee on arrangements Department of Economics at the Catholic University of for their hospitable reception.

Bishop Turner's Impressive Prayer at the Dedication of International Peace Bridge T THE FORMAL DEDICATION August 7, 1927, during a whole century, and we now ask Thee to grant a A of the International Peace Bridge spanning the continuance of that peace into' the years and the centuries to come. Niagara River and connecting Buffalo with Fort Erie, Ontario, attended by Honorable Stanley Baldwin, premier "UNDER the arches of this bridge flows a swift and of England, the Prince of Wales and Honorable Howard turbulent current, soon to be tossed into more riotous foam and violence until it falls in a mighty cataract to a Ferguson, prime minister of Ontario, representing Canada lower level. and Great Britain, and Vice-President Charles G. Dawes, "IF such is unfortunately an image of the life of nations, representing the United States, and Governor Alfred E. frequently at war and hardly ever in perfect peace, grant Smith, representing the State of New York, Right Rever­ that as in the past so in the future an image of our peaceful end William Turner, D.D., Bishop of Buffalo, pronounced relations as neighbors may be rather the lake from which the following benediction: this river flows and the lake in which it finally loses its rapidity and violence in a calm and serene placidity. " BLESS, 0 Lord, this bridge and all who are here assem­ bled to celebrate this formal opening. "GIVE us then the peace that Thou alone canst give, pea.ce towards one another, peace in our own countries, "WE present to Thee for Thy gracious blessing not only in our own homes, and above all, in our own hearts, and when a material structure, but a spiritual bridge between we are done with this world and itR turmoils then give us, 0 two neighboring peoples, a bridge of peace maintained Lord, eternal peace with Thee. Amen." 24 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN September, 1927 A Mid-Pacific Conference A Survey ,of the Problems Before the Institute of Pacific Relations By REV. JOHN A. RYAN, D.O. HE INSTITUTE OF PACIFIC RELATIONS is diplomats are concerned with powerful special interests which have an unofficial association whose object is "to study managed to make themselves seem identical with the welfare of the T the conditions of the Pacific peoples with a view to nations. At the Institute conference, on the other hand, the men and women the improvement of their mutual relations." from the various countries always spoke in terms of human welfare. It has held two meetings in Honolulu, the first In July, Considering the problems from this point of view, they were able to 1925, the second in July, 1927. At the latter, appreciate the needs of other peoples than their own. delegates were present from the United States, They were able to meet one another half way, to find Japan, China, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, and accept compromises which provided the conditions of just solutions. And I venture to say that the aver­ Canada, the Philippines, Hawaii and Great age level of intelligence and general and special knowl­ Britain. All these countries are situated in, edge possessed by the members of the conference was or have important interests in the Pacific fully equal to that possessed by the diplomats and legis­ Basin. Obviously they do not comprise the lators of their respective countries. No meeting of the Institute takes a vote or passes whole list of such countries; for France and resolutions on any of the questions with which it deals. Holland possess colonies in that region, while In the first place, such action would have no binding Russia, Mexico and many of the states of force upon any group of persons outside of th~ Institute. Central America and South America border In the second place, decisions taken by a majority vote on the Pacific Ocean. The peoples eligible would not be favorable to the best relations or the to representation in the Institute comprise REV. JOHN A. RYAN, D .D. most effective activity among the membelB themselves. Director, N. C. W. C. Social Action fully three-fourths of the world's population. Department, who gives ill the ac­ METHODS PUR UED BY I TITUTE companying R.rticle a survey of the problems discussed by the delegates The Institute pursues its aims by two main methods. FOUNDED BY CITIZENS OF HAWAII to the recent meeting in Honolulu of the Institute of Pacific Relations. First, it provides an open forum for ascertaining facts The founders of the Institute were influential and opinions and for clarifying and reforming judg­ citizens of Hawaii, who are naturally much concerned over pos ible ments. Although no formal resolutions are adopted, the discussions conflicts in the Pacific region, men and women interested in foreign inevitably lead to informal conclusions which express the best thought missions and officials of the Young Men's and Young Women's Christian of the delegates and which find their way into various organs of publicity. Associations. These elements were dominant in the 1925 conference. The second method is that of research, particular and fundamental In the course of the di cussions, it became clear that the problems studies of conditions in the various countries of the Pacific. Causes of before the Institute were far too varied and complex for a group whose racial tension cannot be removed without adequate knowledge. Getting primary activities fall under the heads of religion and social welfare. this knowledge implies in many cases laborious investigation and writ­ Hence the 1927 meeting included a large representation from other ing by experts. Again and again at the round tables, the discussion professions and occupations, such as business, labor, public service, came to a full stop because an exact knowledge of certain pertinent facts journalism and educational institutions. Indeed, the second meeting and conditions was not available. For example, Japan's problem of was criticized as containing too many professors, as the first included "over-population" could not be fully considered because even the too many persons whose affiliation was primarily of a religious character. experts in the Conference did not profess to be able to speak with full Among the most active and useful members of the 1927 conference confidence on certain phases of migration, assirr:ilation, international were: from the United States, the President of the Institute, Ray Lyman competition and international markets. Wilbur, President of Leland Stanford University, Professors Hornbeck NEED OF MORE DEFI ITE DATA and Wilson, of Harvard, Shotwell, of Columbia, and Wright, of Chicago Before the next meeting of the Institute, which is to be held in 1929 Mr. Chester Rowell, of Berkeley, and Archbishop Hanna; from Great much information ",ill be provided on these and many other subjects Britain, Sir Frederick Whyte; from China, Dr. T. Z. -Roo and Dr. which concern the peoples of the Pacific. The work of research will David Z. T. Yui; from Japan, Mr. Yusuke Tsuruni and Professor S. be carried on under the direction of Dr. .1. B. Condliffe, of New Zealand, Nasu; from Canada, General Sir Arthur Currie; from Australia, Pro­ who has recently become a member of the staff of the secretariat of fessor G. L. Wood, and from New Zealand, Mr. Arthur Nash. the Institute. More than once during the discussions at the round tables and while At the recent conference, the principal topic of discus ion were: listening to addresses at the general meetings, the thought occurred to China, population and food supply, foreign mi 'ions, foreign invest­ me that if the political relations of these Pacific countries could be ments, diplomatic relations, culture and education, industrialization regulated and administered in the spirit and according to the views of and immigration and emigration. the Institute, the danger of war in that region would become exceed­ For the purpose of effective discussion the delegates were divided ingly remote and mo t of the trouble orne problems would be greatl." into four round table groups, each of which included, so far a po ible, advanced toward solution. one or more representatives from each of the national delegations. The sessions of the round tables were held in the forenoons, while the FRANK DI CUSS ION OF PROBLEM HELPFUL evenings were given up to general discussions before the entire conference. None of the important causes of interracial or inte'rnational friction Three whole days were devoted to the political ituation of China. seemed nearly as formidable, when subjected to f\lll and frank discus­ "Tariff autonomy" was the fir t day's subject, and the unformulated sion from all sides, as is the case when they are dealt with by the diplo­ conclusion reached by sub tantially all the delegate seemed to be that as matic representatives of states. Too often the latter feel bound to soon as the Chine e people have set up an authoritative government, they maintain national traditions or national interests which have only little . hould be enabled to regain control of their tariffs. At present tariff relation to the welfare of their respective peoples. Too often the rate on goods imported into China are determined and their collection September, 1927 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN 25 controlled by certain foreign powers. States as it is of Japan. And the Of course, this is a grave infringe­ Archbishop Hanna's Opinion evil has been greatly intensified by ment upon national sovereignty the protective tariff system which In like manner, the delegates WHILE IN THE ACCOMPANYING article Dr. Ryan impels nations to produce goods eemed to reach agreement that an discusses the economic causes of international fri,ction for which they are not adapted end should be made of "extraterri­ in the Pacific, Most Reverend Edward J. Hanna, D.D., Arch­ instead of buying them from the toriality." This is the arrange­ bishop of San Francisco and chairman of the N. C. W. C. nations that can provide them more ment by which the subjects and Administrative Committee, states that the solution of the cheaply. On the one hand, there citizens of certain foreign countries Pacific problem rests on Religion. Speaking before the is great waste of capital and labor are exempt from appearance in recent meeting of the Institute in Honolulu on "The Religious by the country which maintains Chinese courts. They are entitled Background of Pacific Relations," Archbishop Hanna said the protective tariff; on the other to have their cases, both civil and in part: hand, countries like Japan which criminal, tried before tribunals can produce the goods advantage­ which have been set up in China by (t"AROUND this mighty ocean dwell three-fourths of the entire ousiy are deprived of adequate their respective governments. human race. Their interests aTe the most impoTtant thing markets. the w01'ld holds today. PROBLEM OF FOREIGN CON­ "I feel that the United States and Great Britain aTe paTticu­ EXCHANGE OF GOOD AND CESSIONS lm'ly intcTested; Britain beca'llse oj her faT-flung possessions; FOOD TUFFS NECESSARY While "foreign concessions" pre- America becat/,Se we have become through OUT wealth and civiliza­ For the baffling problem of find­ ent more complex problems than tion the balance of power in the world. ing world markets no real solution either the foreign control of the "Back of the question of the Pacific lies the fundamental was offered at the conference. The tariff or the foreign courts, the question of religion. The East and the West have difJeTent reduction or demolition of stupid great majority of the delegates ideals, civilizations and aspirations. The ?ight of migration, tariff barriers was, of .course, sug­ seemed to think that these, too, the fact that the countries of the world look upon the treasu?'es of gested but only as a partial remedy. should be aboli hed within a defi­ the Pacific with enviouS eyes, and the clash of ideals aTe If all the tariffs on textile goods nite and relatively short space of bases of all problems in this great aTea. were leveled to the ground, Japan time. The most important of the "There are, of course, commercial and economic problems. would still find that Great Britain ((concessions" are the International But when the facts of these aTe discovered, the solution will not and the United States were taking ettlement and the French Settle­ be difficult. a part of the markets which Japan ment in Shanghai. These are cities "When the men of the East and lVest can be taught to practice must have if it is to sell all its possi­ within a city, governed not by mercy, sympathy, j'ustice, love and helpfulness in their dealings, ble products and obtain its neces­ Chinese officials but by certain whateveT difJeTences now exist will disappear." sary supply of food. If the research foreign powers. The encroachment department of the Institute can dis­ upon Chinese sovereignty is obvious. cover means whereby nations like "Population and the food supply" evoked some gratifying and some China, Japan and India will be permitted to exchange in the markets discouraging conclusions. It was shown beyond question that the of the world manufactures for foodstuffs, it will have more than justi­ world's supply of food will be adequate to support the world's popula­ fied itself and the Institute. tion for at least another century. The problem is not how to increase The discussion of ((immigration and emigration" necessarily covered the earth's food producing capacity but how to distribute what it c~n mnch of the ground traversed in the consideration of "population and and does produce. the food supply." The representatives from China a~d Japan asserted ,vil . ut qualification that emigration would not provide even a partial BIRTH Co TROL No SOLUTION OF OVERPOPULATION remedy for their condition of "overpopulation." At the same time, The discussions also made it clear that birth control is not a practical the J.apanese delegates protested strongly against the slight put upon solution of the problem of "overpopulation" in Japan; for a great their nation by that provision of our Federal law of 1924 which excludes proportion of the Japanese people regard it as wrong and in any case it their nationals entirely. Had the Japanese been put upon the same could not become effective soon enough. For several years the popu­ quota basis as the peoples of Europe the number of them eligible to lation of Japan has been considerably in excess of the native food sup­ admission to the United States would have been less than two hundred ply, and it is increasing at the rate of almost a million persons a year. annually! International goodwill and national decency demand that The need for a remedy is immediate and urgent. both Japan and China be accord~d the same immigration facilities as The discouraging conclusions suggested by this discussion were that the Em'opean nations. Under this arrangement not more than a very emigration is not a solution of the problem of overpopulation, whether few thousand persons from both countries combined would be eligible for Japan, China or India, and that, as the ind\lstries of the world are for admission in anyone ye'ar. They would not seriously injure any now organized and conducted, none of these countries will be permitted group or interest in the United States. to export and find markets for the manufactured goods which they desire to exchange for foodstuffs. Wholesale emigration is no solution LARGE ORIENTAL IMl\IIGRATION NOT DESIRABLE because it is physically impossible and because foreign countries are It wa pointed out that a large immigration of Orientals is not now unwilling to receive Oriental immigrants in such large numbers. desirable in any Western country on account of the difficulty of assimi­ The textile industries of Japan could produce a much greater quan­ lation. This cannot take place satisfactorily without the generally tity of goods than they do at present if they did not have to compete recognized right of racial intermarriage, something that public opinion with similar industries in Great 'Britain and the United States. The will not permit for at least two generations. productive capacity of these three countries in textile manufactures is In this short article it has been impossible to review more than a very considerably in excess of the world's demand. Should Japan develop small proportion of the topics discussed at the conference. Those of an other industries on a large scale, it would undoubtedly find a simila~ economic character have been selected because of their general interest condition of excessive productive capacity. It would be unable to and because they indicate the most powerful and the most enduring sell all the goods that it might like to produce. There is a world wide causes of international friction. Until Japan, China, and India are and constant excess in the supply of most of the goods which have be­ enabled to get food for their underfed millions from the world's abund­ come standardized and brought under the conditions of mass produc­ ant supply, they cannot be expected to remain contented members of tion. This is as clearly true of England, Germany and the United the world's family of nations. I' 26 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN September, 1927

BY In the Field of ,Labor and Industry LINNA E. BRESETTE , A five-day week has been established by. the Carpenters of Denver. "We cannot have child health and child labor at the same time.' -William Green, president, American Federation of Labor. A new child labor law, which went into effect in Louisiana, July It reduces the working hours of children under sixteen from ten to eight America's first National Labor Health Conference, held June hours a day and the weekly hours from sixty to forty-eight. 18-19 in Cleveland, was organized to do service to the trade union movement in the way of eliminating all preventable accidents and By rockdusting of coal mines, hundreds of lives have been all hazards to health and life and limb. saved according to the Director of the United States Bureau of Mines. The right of picketing, either in time of strike or without a strike, Efforts to extend the Saturday half-holiday throughout the year has been upheld by the Ne'w York Court of Appeal. are being made by Federal employees. An International Economic Conference was recently held in Further deception in the purchase and resale of prison-made Geneva at which thirty-seven nations were represented. One out­ goods by jobbers as their own manufacture will be stopped by a rul­ standing resolution passed was that "industry must be rationalized ing of the Federal Trade Commission. and labor must be given a voice and participation in its application." A vote against the indorsement of the so-called "Equal Rights" It was explained that "rationalization of industry" meant applica­ amendment was taken by the 9th Annual Meeting of the Organiza­ tion of scientific methods in industry. tion of Professional and Business Women, held recently. Organization of a students' labor union by the wage-earning A living wage and no tips is what the Waiters and Waitresses students of the University of Wiscon in has been reported on good Union, Local No.1 of New York, is asking. authority. A loss of $250,000,000 a year in wages through absence due to ill­ Architects of France want organization so they can decide when ness is reported for American wage earners by the National Industrial their members can build, thus eliminating unfair competitIOn. Conference Board. The eight-hour bill for women, introduced into the Illinois Legislature, failed of passage. About 95 per cent of the cars of the world are American made. ---- The United States has one car to every five inhabitants according The automobile industry, although one of our infant industrie , to the Automotive Division of the Department of Commerce. ranks first among the ten largest industri in the 'Gnited tate, ac­ 2,000 deaths and 100,000 accidents take place every year in the cording to a recent report of the National Automobile Chamber of building industry according to speakers at the first National Labor Commerce. Health Conference. "The remedy," it was said, "must not be left The Bureau of Labor Statistic reports the existence of over to employers alone," but it must be brought about by workers through 300,000 cooperative societies in 34 countrie . workers' education. Twenty-five hundred minors under eighteen were compensated 207 men and women receiving $1,000,000 annually as net income for industrial accidents in the State of New York during the last out of their investments are listed by the income tax return . year. This number includes eighteen who were illegally employed. More than two thousand of the three-quarters of a million men working in coal mines lose their lives every year. EDITOR OF ECCLESIASTICAL REVIEW COMMENDS WORK Operation with reduced forces is. reported to the Bureau of OF INDUSTRIAL CONFERENCE Labor Statistics by 60 I ,1' cent of 8,049 manufacturing establi hments. In the August issue of the Ecclesiastical Review, the editor, Dr. 'Vil­ A statement that restrictive immigration is the cause of inability liam J. Kerby, commenting in the Catholic Conference on Indu trial Problems with special reference to the purpo e of the Conference to to secure domestic servants is challenged by the Bureau of Labor discuss and promote the study and understanding of indu trial problem , Statistics. and promotion of the study of Pope Leo's Encyclical, says: Abolition of home work in the making of neckties is agitated by ."The Encyclical of Pope LeoXIII ha done much to bring ethical the United Neckwear Maker's nion. and spiritual thinking into the industrial field, The larger moral obli­ gations of the employer have been insisted on. The right of the laborer For the third month in succession decrea ed employment and to a wage which makes possible some degree of frugal comfort has been reduced payrolls are shown by the United States Bureau of Labor set forth with new emphasis. Industry has found that a shorter work Statistics, day, improved wages and better working conditions are consistent with Forty thousand workers are enrolled in systematic instruction economic progress itself. No one may underrate the difficulties that classes organized by the Workers' Education Bureau of the American are created by our complex industrial organization and the delicate Federation of Labor. adjustments that are necessary. But increasing good will-an im­ proved type of employer and greater public interest in social problems Twenty-five hundred workers were killed in accidents in coal are removing many difficulties that had hitherto been considered mines during 1926.-U. S. Bureau of Mines. insurmountable. The Catholic Conference of Industrial Problems is rendering a real service to progress in its constant insi tence upon the "It destroys prosperity to reduce wages. * * * . If low wages teaching of Leo XIII and in attempting to bring together repre enta­ made a country prosperous, China with its 400,000,000 people would be tives of employers, laborer and the public for mutual conferences. the most prosperous in the world today."- ecretary of Labor Davis. The conflicting ethical code developed by employers on the one hand The increase in food price in 34 cities of the United States studied and laborers on the other are coming into clo er relations and bringing from 1913 to 1927 range from 67% in Chicago to 36% in Salt Lake City. us nearer to a common understanding of the principles of social justice." ------1------September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 27

N. C. W. C. Department of Education Chairman ORGANIZED TO SERVE AS MOST REV. AUSTIN DOWLING, D.D. (1) A clearing house · of information concerning Cath­ Archbishop of St. Paul otic education; EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Rev. James H. Ryan, D.D. (2) An advisory agency in the development of Catholic schools and the Catholic school system; DIVISIONS Statistics and Information (3) A connecting agency between Catholic Education Teachers' .Registration Section activities and Government Education Agencies; Health Education Research Catholic Education (4) An active organization to safeguard the interests of Library the Catholic school.

Cincinnati's New High School Program By Francis M. Crowley HE ARCHDIOCESE OF CIN­ Three academies now in existence, Mt. St. Vincent's, Notre Dame, and CINNATI is about to write an­ Mercy, are to be converted into diocesan girls' high schools in September. T other page in its brilliant educa­ Two new diocesan high schools for girls are to be erected by the Sisters of the Precious Blood and the Franciscan Sisters; while an existing co­ tional history. The recent letter of Most educational parish high school, St. Mary's, will hereafter function as a . Rev. John T. McNicholas, O.P., S.T.M., diocesan high school for girls. Two diocesan high schools, one for on the new high school program, directed boys and one for girls, are to be opened in Dayton in September. to the clergy and laity of the Archdiocese, In all, then, in the city of Cincinnati, four new central high schools are to be erected, three academies are to become central high schools, not only urges the extension of the present and two co-educational high schools are hereafter to function as central high school system but indicates very high schools for members of one sex only; while Dayton is to have two clearly the form it will take. After two new central high schools, one for each sex. When the program is ARCHBISHOP McNICHOLAS years of deliberation, during which edu- completed, there will be eleven free central Catholic high schools in operation in the cities of Cincinnati and Dayton. Whose new plan of re- cators, pastors and members of the laity gional high schools is It d H' G h · d explained in the accom- were consu e, IS race as propose REGIONAL PLAN TO BE FOLLOWED panying article. a reorganization of the Catholic high The high schools are to be regional; that is, they are to draw from s~hool system of the city which, when certai parishes. For instance, twenty parishes have been assigned to fully carried out, will place the Archdiocese of · Cincinnati in the Ell ~r High School for Boys, and fifteen to Mt. St. · Vincent High the forefront of those dioceses now providing secondary edu­ School I' Girls. The children of the parishes attending the schools to which they are assigned will have their tuition paid by the parish. cation for Catholic children. If children go to ~ Catholic high school other than the one designated Archbishop McNicholas opens his letter with a statement to the for the parish, the parents will be entirely responsible financially. effect that the faith of the coming generation will depend to a large In order to defray tuition costs, His Grace has directed that a monthly extent on the efforts now put forth in behalf of Catholic higher educa­ collection be taken up in each parish. The funds thus secured are to tion. He then deals with the obligation incumbent on every Catholic be placed in the parish treasury, to be used exclusively for the benefit to contribute to the support of Catholic education. He is so lucid and of the children of the parish. Those who conduct the central high forceful on this point that the paragraph bears quoting: schools will be paid by the Diocese ·at the rate of $100 per pupil for EDUCATION-THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ALL CATHOLICS each scholastic year. All schools will be under the diocesan super­ vision of the Superintendent of Catholic Schools, with uniformity of "It is wrong in principle" says His Grace, "to say that parents only should be responsible for the education of their children. Let us assume texis and standards, so that children may transfer from one school to that citj.,;ens applied this principle to our cities and states, declaring that another without fear of retardation because of a change of methods, parents only should be taxed for the education of their children. We recog­ texts or organization. nize at once how utterly false is this principle, and how impossible it would The letter includes a stirring appeal for scholarships and a more be under this assumption to conduct successfully oUI public schools and colleges and universities. As education confers a benefit upon the general generous support of Catholic higher education. His Grace directs public, all should be taxed for it. So, al 0, since Catholic education confers attention to the munificence of non-Catholics and non-believers in the a general benefit upon the Catholic public, all Catholics having an income cause of higher education, and then, after a comprehensive discussion should be taxed for it." of the essentials of true education, he urges Catholics to be no less In the proposed reorganization, St. Xavier High School, the classical generous in the cause of Catholic education than those of lesser faith are high school of the city, will remain unaffected. The present co-edu­ in the cause of secular education. The message closes with an urgent cational institution, Elder High School, will hereafter be devoted entreaty for all the laity of the Archdiocese to study the meaning of exclusively to the education of boys. Two more schools for boys, . Catholic higher education, for only through a thorough knowledge of Purcell High School and Roger Bacon High School, will soon be erected its necessity can the Archdiocesan authorities hope to secure full on sites already at the disposal of the Archdiocese. The program for cooperation in the prosecution of their ambitious secondary school the extension of the girls' educational facilities is no less ambitious. program. --~------+------28 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN Septembe1", 1927 1927-28 Catholic School Attendance Will Approximate 2,500,000 Students N. C. W. C. Bureau of Education Statistics Reveal Amazing Growth of Catholic School System ECENT STATISTICS COMPILED by the N. C. In 1926 there were 13,242 teachers in the Catholic high schools of W. C. Bureau of Education indicate that the total the country. Of these 2,630 were religious men, and 8,756 religiolls women, while 939 were lay men and 917 lay women. R 1927-28 registration ·i.n all grades of the Catholic Reports from various dioceses indicate an increasing development School System will approach the 2,500,000 figure. This of the central high school plan, accompanied by a normal and steady estimate is based upon an analysis of school attendance sta­ increase in attendance. An interesting disclosure of the latest survey tistics for the year 1926 now being made by the Division of shows a decrease in the number of high school pupils taking commercial Statistics and Information of. the N. C. W. C. Bureau of courses, the number falling from 30,368 in 1924 to 25,164 in 1926. Analysis of this figure as to sex shows that there are more than 3 girls Education in connection with the publication of the forth­ to each boy taking commercial instruction. coming new edition of the N. C. W. C. Directory of Catholic Colleges and Schools. DIOCESAN REGISTRATION IN 'VOME 's COLLEGES In 1926, according to the Bureau's survey, there were 2,111,560 In 1926 there were 39,412 men attending Catholic colleges in the children in the Catholic elementary schools of the United States, this country. This was an increase of 6,039 over the 33,373 attending them total representing an increase of 74,991 over the number of students in in 1924, and an increase of 14,479 over the 24,933 men in Catholic Catholic elementary schools in 1924, when the statistics were last col­ colleges in 1922. The number of women attending Catholic colleges lected. During the period specified, the number of elementary schools in 1926 totaled 35,437. There were 26,796 women in Catholic colleges in the country increased from 7,198 to 7,449. in 1924, and only 19,491 in these colleges in 1922. During the same period the total attendance in the 2,242 Catholic A total of 57,566 students attended Catholic men's colleges in 1926. high schools of the country was 204,815 pupils. As compared with Of these 39,370 were men and 18,196 women. In 1924 there were 1924, this is an increase of 61 in schools of this grade and of 19,717 pupils. 46,282 students in Catholic men's colleges, of whom 33,337 were men During the same year, the' Catholic colleges registered 74,849 stu­ and 12,945 women. dents, marking a gain of 14,680 students during the previous two-year There was a total of 17,283 students in Catholic colleges for women in period. During this time, 15 new colleges, all for women, were in­ 1926. Of these 17,241 were women and 42 men. In 1-924, there were stituted. 13,887 students in these schools. At that time there were 13,851 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STATISTICS women and 36 men. The women shown attending men's colleges and Of the total of 2,111,560 pupils attending Catholic elementary the men attending women's colleges are students in the summer schools, schools in 1926, 869,555 were boys and 910,799 were girls. The reports or in extension or special courses. left 331,206 pupils unclassified as to sex. The boys attending Catholic It is interesting that of the total of 57,566 students in 1926 in men's elementary schools increased 129,994 between 1924 and 1926, while the colleges, 19,508 were pursuing arts and sciences courses, 5,888 were girls increased 130,266 in the same period. studying law, 2,044 medicine, 5,894 commerce, 3,389 engineering, The teachers in Catholic elementary schools totaled 55,155 in 1926, 2,275 education, and 1,941 dentistry. There were 9,710 emolled in an increase of 3,532 over the total number in the schools in 1924. The the summer schools, and 1,937 in the graduate schools. 1926 total of teachers was divided into ,50,931 religious and 4,224 lay. In the women's colleges in 1926, 9,537 students were emolled in the The religious teachers were further divided into 50,004 women and 927 arts and sciences courses and 1,019 in education. A total of 7,237 men. It is interesting that while the number of religious 'women were enrolled for the summer schools. teaching in Catholic elementary schools increased 3,316 between 1924 COLLEGE INSTRUCTORS NUMBER 5,734 and 1926, the number of religious men teaching in these schools de­ creased 207. The number of lay teachers in the Catholic elementary The faculties of all the Catholic colleges totaled 5,i34 in 1926. This was ao increase of 1,019 over the number of teachers in these colleges in 1924; there were 4,185 men and schools increased only 423 in the two years. women on the faculties of Catholic colleges in 1922. Of the total in 1926, 2,792 were relig­ The Archdiocese of Chicago leads all the other Sees of the United ious men and women, and 2,942 lay men and lay women. States in the matter of total enrollment, having, in 1926, 169, 06 The Catholic colleges for women that were instituted between 1924 and 1926 are: children in its elementary schools. The Archdiocese of Philadelphia Mt. St. Mary's College, Los Angeles, Calif.; Alb~rtus Magnus College, New Haven, Conn.; Assisi Junior College, Joliet, TIL; Mt. St. Clare Junior College, Clinton, Iowa; is second, with an er...rollment of 117,382 pupils, and the Archdiocese of St. Mary's College, Leavenworth, Kans.; Normal College of the Sacred Heart, Grand New York, third, with an emollment of 115,218 pupils. The seven Coteau, La.; Xavier College, New Orleans, La.; acred Heart Junior College, Grand remaining dioceses of the "first ten" report emollments as follows: Rapids, ~fich.; St. Mary's Junior College, O'Fallon, Mo.; College of St. 2\1ary, Omaha, Brooklyn, 95,362; Boston, 82,024; Pittsburgh, 81, lO7; Detroit, Nebr.; azareth College, Rochester, N. Y.; rsuline College, Cleveland, Ohio; College of St. Mary-of-the-Springs, East Columbus, Ohio; College Misericordia, Dallll!l, Pa.; and 78,846; ~ewark, 78,446; Cleveland, 67,050; Buffalo, 51,850. Other Trinity College, Burlington, Vt. large emollements were reported as follows: Diocese of Hartford, 4 ,53 ; Archdiocese of Milwaukee, 47,396; Archdiocese of St. Louis, 44,556; LEADING COLLEGES SHOW INCREASE Archdiocese of Baltimore, 41,471; and Archdiocese of Cincinnati, 40,047. The Catholic Diversity of America, according to the survey, had a total enrollment of 1,612 students for all of its departments. Other important Catholic colleges reported SECONDARY SCHOOL FIGURE the following total enrollments for all of their respective departments: Fordham University, 6,017; Loyola University, Chicago, 5,012; Marquette University, The 1926 figures, compiled in 102 dioceses and Belmont Abbey, 4,267; DePaul University, 4,002; University of Notre Dame, 3,237; t. Louis University, show that there were 86,490 boys and 118,325 girls attending Catholic 2,897; Boston College, 2,571; Duquesne University, 2,342; Creighton University, 2,307; secondary schools in that year, while there were 77,656 boys and 104,693 Georgetown University, 2,268; University of Detroit, 1,955; t. John's College, Brooklyn, 1,532; Loyola University, New Orleans, 1,258, and t. Xavier College, Cincinnati, 1,210. girls in these schools in 1924. In 1924 there were 2,749 pupils ~'hose Holy Cross College, at Worcester, Mass., which has only arts and cience course, reported classification was not given as to sex. and enrollment of 1,120 in 1926. The academic and scientific courses enrolled a total of 179,651 pupils The Catholic Sisters' College at the Catholic Unh'ersity of America reported an en­ in 1926. Of these 80,359 were boys and 99,292 were girls. The rollment of 332 in 1926. Other Catholic colleges for women reporting large enrollment number of boys in the commercial courses in 1926 was 6,131 and the in the arts and science courses were: College of New Rochelle, New York, 622; College of St. Teresa, Winona, Mich., 537; girls, 19,033. l\1arywood College, Scranton, 500; College of St. Catberine, St. Paul, 2\1inn.; 423; College The total number of graduates in 1926 was 25,311 as compared with of Mt. St. Vincent, New York, 408; Trinity College, Washington, 358, and College of St. 20,502 in 1924. Elizabeth, Com-ent Station, N. J., 326. II September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 29 Catholic Institutions of Higher Education LIII. College of St. . Thomas, St. Paul, Minn. HE COLLEGE OF ST. THOMAS, founded by the found in Northern Italy. The main nave, the auditorium Most Reverend John Ireland, D.D., was opened proper, affords accommodation for eight hundred students. T September 8, 1885. It is a diocesan institution, On each side of the nave' are three altars set in deep recesses. . conducted by diocesan priests, under the control and direc­ The chapels in the transept form part of the main body of tion of the Archbishop of St. Paul, Most Reverend Austin the chapel, and contribute to the general effect of spacious­ Dowling, D.D. The faculty is composed of priests and ness. The santuary, square in form, opens on each side on laymen selected for their experience, breadth of culture and ambulatories which give additional seating capacity. A zeal in educational work. It is accredited by the Catholic commodious sacristy and a vestibule complete the Chapel. Educational Association, the North Central Association and the University of Minnesota. THE Armory Building is of ample dimensions. It com- The College is situated midway between St. Paul and bines under the same roof a club house and an armory Minneapolis, not far from Minnehaha Falls, Fort Snelling, proper. The first floor is given over to music rooms, and also and many other spots of historical interest. It is thus near to club rooms for various college organizations; the second enough to the Twin Cities to share the .advantages which story is an auditorium equipped as a theatre and capable of ac­ proximity to two great centers of culture and commerce commodating eight hundred people. The immense floor of affords, and it is still sufficiently remote from the distraction the Armory, unbroken by pillars, affords ample space for of city life to be an ideal place for the studious pursuits that all forms of indoor sport. The Shooting Gallery is a recent are essential to the training of youth. addition to the group of College buildings. Constructed on The buildings are modern in construction and well equipped the Dupont model, and containing eight targets, it offers an for their various purposes. The administration Building, excellent opportunity for training in the use of the rifle. opened in 1885, and subsequently enlarged, was the original The Library comprises more than fourteen thousand vol­ nucleu of the College. I t contains reception rooms, offices, umes carefully selected by experts in the various departments dining rooms, several dormitories, and a few individual of literature and science. The' collection has been recently rooms for the accommodation of students. re-organized and supplemented, and now constitutes an un­ Ireland Hall, completed in 1912 at a cost of $135,000 con­ usually valuaqle working library. The sum of one th.ousand tains one hundred and seventy-six rooms. The rooms dollars is yearly set aside for the purchase of books. Ad­ throughout the buildings are furnished simply but fittingly, joining the Library is a reading room, in which forty of the and are provided with hot and cold water. The building is most useful current publications are kept on file. lighted by electricity, and heated and ventilated according to the most approved methods. A S at present constituted, the College of St. Thomas The Science' Hall, completed in 1900, is a brick stru'cture includes the following schools: one hundred and sixty feet in length and sixty feet in width. . 1. School of Science, Literature and the Arts, offering Six laboratories for Physics, Biology, and Chemistry are in courses leading to baccalaureate degrees in the Arts, operation, amply equipped with the best apparatus that Philosophy, History, and Journalism, Pre-medical. can be procured at home and abroad. Pre-dental, Pre-legal and Engineering courses are also offered. THE Class Building, erected in 1903, is well suited to .2. The School of Commerce, established in 1920, offers a the purposes for which it was designed. On the first four-year advanced course in commercial methods floor are recitation rooms and an art studio. The entire and economic forces which leads to the degree of second floor is occupied by a spacious Study Hall which Bachelor of Science in Commerce. accommodates four hundred students. The third story is 3. The School of Education offers two courses leading to devoted to the work of the School of Commerce. the degree of Bachelor of Arts, the first for students The Infirmary, which was added in 1905, constitutes a who intend to teach after graduation and the second handsome and substantial accession to the group of build­ for those who plan to specialize in administrative ings. While the entire edifice has been built in accordance or supervisory work. Students must have com­ with the most scientific hygienic principles that govern the pleted at least the Junior College requirements of erection of such structures, it has nothing of the sombre the Arts School before they enroll in the School of aspect of a hospital, but wears, rather, the air of a pleasant Education. and cheerful home, where care and kindness promptly deal 4. The School of Law. Two years of col1ege training are with illness in its very beginnings and prevent its develop­ required for entrance. The courses lead to the ment. degree of Bachelor of Laws. St. lVlary's Chapel, in general style, is an adaptation to 5. The School of Music grants a certificate on the com­ modern times, and on a suitable scale, of Byzantine basilica pletion of courses in vocal or instrumental music. 30 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN September, 1927

Athletics are encouraged througout the institution, but The Art Club, composed of students specializing in Art, and they are also carefully regulated and controlled. No student The Glee Club, made up of students of Vocal Music. may represent the College in any intercollegiate athletic A Catholic College must regard a its most sacred duty contest unless he is registered for the normal number of the moral and religious training of the pupils entru ted to com:ses of instruction and maintains ~ satisfactory standing its care. The rules of the College of St. Thomas have for in all classes. The College teams observe the rule laid their purpo e to imbue the minds of the tudents with the down by the Minnesota Athletic Conference. principles of religion and of honor which must be their code The following student organizations are e tablished in the through life. The moral training of the students is in the College: The College NIen's Club, composed of students hands of priests who devote their entire time and attention registered in the Department of Arts; "The Commerce Club; to the work. Catholic students are trained in the services comprising students of the School of Commerce; The Edu­ of the sanctuary, and are encoll'aged to join the voluntary cational Society, including students of the School of Educa­ associations established in the College for the purpose of tion; The Players' Club, comprising students who receive promoting piety among the pupils. Every month they special training in Dramatics, and presenting plays at least approach the Sacrament, and large number of them, who "twice a year in the College Auditorium; The Monogram are member of the various sodalities, go to H01y Commun­ Club, including all athletes who have been awarded letters; ion "weekly and even more frequently. ------+------LIV. College of the Sacred Heart, Manhattanville, New York City HE COLLEGE OF THE SACRED HEART, Man­ education. It was "a tribute to the esteem in which this edu­ hattanville, New York City, wa a development cation was held that one of the early uperior of Manhattan­ T from the Manhattanville Academy, e tabli hed in ville, Reverend Mother Sarah J one , was asked to be ~ mem­ 1847 on a property then known as the Lorillard estate, the ber of the Board of Regents of the Univer ity of the State of " present site of the College. This Academy was for many N ew York. This honor was declined but other marks of years the central house of a group of boarding schools in appreciation and encouragement were frequently given to the eastern part of the United States for the higher educa­ the Academy by the highest educational authority in the tion of girls under the Religious of the Sacred Heart. State of New York. From the beginning a high standa"rd of scholarship was The last years of the course of study at Manhattanville maintained. In days before the existence of colleges for were recognized as more advanced than a high school course women the Academy of Manhattanville provided an educa­ both in the character of the subjects of study and in the tion of a superior character in which strong intellectual manner of treatment of these ubjects. Moreover the Plan training of a kind decidedly in advance of the times was of Studies of the Society of the Sacred Heart provided for made to contribute to that moral and religious formation further extension and growth. Thus the transition from which has always been the object of all Catholic systems of academy to college was a na,tural development and the prob-

COLLEGE OF THE SACRED HEART ManbattanvjJ)e, New York City September, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 31 lems before the new college were those of adaptation rather A THESIS of not less than 6000 words in some subject than of creation. The full college cour e was a normal ex­ drawn from Ethics, Aesthetics, or History is required pansion of a system already proved by over a hundred for the A.B. degree in order to test the condidate's aiblity years of successful operation to be a fitting instrument for to make use of libraries and museums, to plan an essay of the education of women. From the first the College had some length with co-ordination and sequence, and to write organic unity and in its spirit and activity there was a cer­ in a formed and equal style. tain poise which comes from definiteness of aim and stand­ The general character of th,e education given and the ard and from a sense of loyalty to a past worthy of admiration special facilities offered for modern languages fit the gradu­ and imitation. This spirit is embodied in the college motto: ates for work in various departments now open for women. "In Exultatione Metens." There are special opportunities for the study of art and music as elective courses. STEPS necessary for obtaining a charter were taken at The situation of the College in the heart of the educa­ the desire of His Eminence, Cardinal Farley, and with tional activity of New York City offers exceptional ad­ the assistance of Reverend John J. Wynne, S.J. In March vantages. Catholic professors from Columbia University 1917, a provisional charter was granted by the New York and the College of the City of New York, a well as from Regents. In June, 1918, the degree of Bachelor of Arts Fordham University and St. Joseph's Seminary, Yonkers, wa given by the University of the State of New York to conduct courses in the College. The training of the faculty two candidates who had completed at Manhattanville the has been made in twenty-seven different universities and colleges of first course approved for thi degree. In the following year the rank, including institutions in nine or ten foreign countries. Members provisional charter wa replaced by a permanent charter, of the Order teach the modern languages and the literature of their and since 1919 the College has given it own degrees to re pecti ve countries. gra.duating clas es of rapidly increa ing numbers. In 1924 The college buildings include the main building, a beautiful chapel in Renaissance style, a large assembly hall, a reception room, museums the Academy was removed to N Ol'oton, Connecticut, leaving and gymnasium, music and art halls, laboratories and studios, lecture the College of the Sacred Heart in sole pos es sion of Man­ rooms, libraries and reading rooms, halls for various student activities, hattanville. and an isolation wing in case of illness. During the past year the Besides the high st form of approval of the State Depart­ main library has had the addition of a commodious stack-room, and ment of Education, the College has been given recognition the Department of Natural cience has been enlarged by the construc­ by other accrediting agencies. At present it i a member tion of a lecture room and three new laboratories for Physics, Chemis­ try, and Biology. of the American Council on Education and i on the approved Ii ts of the Association of College and Secondary School of THUS the College of the Sacred Heart meets the most exacting the Middle States and Maryland and of the Catholic Edu­ modern requirements as to material equipment as a means in the cational Association. Approval ha al 0 been secured for pursuit of its essential end, the training of Christian women for the elective cour es in Education so that tho e graduate who world. The religious life of the students is of first importance. Daily wish to do so may obtain a State Teacher's Certificate. Mass, religious instruction and individual guidance are normal factors in their training. They are expected to prepare for the future by IN addition to official recognition at home, the College- assun.ing the responsibility of their views and conduct in all college enjoys international affiliation with institutions for the relati . The college authorities look upon each student as a guardian higher education of women under the direction of the of the regulations and responsible for their observance. Under the supervision of a member of the faculty, the students choose officers Society of the Sacred Heart in many parts of the world, in­ from among their number who are directly responsible for the mainte­ cluding hotels or colleges affiliated with the Universities nance of discipline. There is a very full and delightful home life in of London, Edinburgh, Louvain, and Sydney, Australia, the College. Provision is made for the cultivation of many precious the Sofianum in Buda Pesth, Hungary, a graduate school qualities by various clubs and organizations such as The Debating of languages in Tokio, Japan, besides academies and gradu­ Club, The Dramatic Club, The Glee Club, The Athletic Association, etc. Athletics are obligatory, and' outdoor exercise must be taken ate schools of languages in the principal centre of Europe daily. The Service Cillb, The Student's l\fissionary Crusade, The and South America. Charities' Organization, Girl cout leadership and settlement work The course of study i essentially literary in character. give opportunity for personal service. The prescribed courses aim at giving the student an under­ standing of present social and literary and political condi­ THE Pius X School of I .. iturgical Music was founded in 1918 as a tion while allowing for the satisfactory development of any Chair of Music in the College by Mrs. Justine Bayard Ward, with particular talent or bent which the student may po e . the co-operation of the Religious of the Sacred Heart, for the purpo e of concentrating on the systematic working out of the reform in Church These prescribed course include Bible and Religion, music decreed by Pope Pius X in the Motu Proprio of 1903. \-Vhile Philosophy, Psychology, Engli h, History, Economics and this aim has carried the Pius X School into wider fields of activity Sociology, Latin or Greek, Advanced Modern Languages, than a department of music in the College, it still remains an integral Natural Science, and Mathematics. The Philosophy and part of the College. Its courses in the theory and history of music may be counted to a certain extent towards the A.B. degree, and it History of the preceding years enable the student in the . affords special advantages to all students of the College for the culti­ senior year to follow the courses in Sociology, Political vation of an appreciation of the best in musical art in general as well Philosophy, and Education with profit and success. as of a special interest in the beauty of the liturgy of the Church. 32 N.C.W.C. BULLETIN eptember, 1927

Used by Catholic Schools Everywhere In Teaching Youthful Citizens the Principles of True Americanism Hailed by Catholic Elementary School Teachers as the Most- Practical -Civic Education Helps Yet Published

MORE THAN 1,000,000 COPIES DISTRIBUTED TO DATE

Place Orders for YOUR School NOW! HOW GOOD CITIZENSHIP IS EMPHA· I SIZED IN THE CATHOLIC SCHOOLS CIVICS CATECHISM ON THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES 1. They teach love of country. Love of country, like love of God, is OF AMERICAN CITIZENS developed in our children by daily in­ struction and training. Explaining the funda~entals of our American democracy including the U. S. Constitution. 96 pages. Price: Single 2. They give all due time to the .tudy of American hilftory with the copies, 10 cents; in lots of 50 or more, $8.00 per 100; in idea of developing in our children admi­ lots of 500 or more, $7.00 per 100. Postage extra. ration and love for the country we call N. B.-Twelve foreign language editions of the Civics Catechism our own. in Arabic, Bohemian, Croatian, French, German, Italian, 3. They devote definite period. Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese, Roumanian, Slovak, Slovenian weekly to the study of civics and the and Spanish have been prepared for use in Americanization duties and responsibilities of citizenship. classes and among non-citizens generally. Price 10 cents 4. They make the Englilfh lan­ straight. Postage extra. guage the medium of instruction and teach our children to love and respect that language and its literature. II 5. They obaerve all the national FUNDAMENTALS OF CITIZENSHIP patriotic holiday. with appropriate ex­ ercises. A simple exposition of our American government. 92 6. They poaaelfa and fly an Ameri­ pages. Price 10 cents straight. Postage extra. can flag on appropriate days. 7. They welcome the foreign-born III or the sons of the foreign-born with a A COURSE IN CIVICS FOR ELEMENTARY sympathy and love which is truly Ameri­ PAROCJIIAL SCHOOLS can, as well as Catholic. 8. Catholic Ifchools are centers of A handbook for teachers-Outlines a beginning course in Americanization work, where group civic instruction in the elementary grades. Price 25 cents. of foreign-born meet and are educated Postage extra. along American lines. "-Get ready for the Opening of School by ordering now Help Keep the Catholic Schools in the Forefront by Promoting American Ideals Through a Knowledge of Our American Government and the United States Constitution

--ADDRESS ORDERS TO-- N. C. W. C. PUBLICATIONS OFFICE 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C.

THE BELVEDERE PRESS, INC" BALTIMORE, MD. ~