SWEDEN BUILDS

EXTENSIVELY REVISED WITH I3O RECENT ILLUSTRATIONS

G. E. KIDDER SMITH

Man

THE ARCHITECTURAL PRESS, LONDON

KURS rr-,d<. Inst. *m3 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Color Frontispiece: Vallingby 2 Preface to Second Edition 6 Introduction 10 The Structure of by Sven Markelius 22 Swedish Land Policy by Sven Markelius 29 Map of with Relative Latitude 33

ARCHITECTURAL INHERITANCE

THE WOOD TRADITION—Farm Types 34 Zorn's Gammalgard, Mora 36 Storehouses 38 The Wood Church 40 Church Bell Towers 41 Windmills 42

HALF TIMBER CONSTRUCTION 44

STONE ARCHITECTURE—Country Churches ' 46 Havero Church 48 Skane Churches 50 Color Plate: Church, Forslovsholm 51

STONE SECULAR BUILDINGS—Castles and Chateaux 52 Royal Palaces 54 Stockholm—The Old City 56 The End of Eclecticism 58

CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

HOUSING 60 Housing and Setting 64 Housing and Shopping 66 Housing and Balconies 68 Housing and External Color 70 Torsviks Apartments, Lidingo, Stockholm; Ancker, Gate & Lindegren 72 Elfvinggarden, Stockholm; Backstrom & Reinius 76 Flats for Women, Stockholm; Ernst Gronwall 78 Row Houses, Stocksund, Stockholm; Harry Egler 79 Prefabricated Panel Apartments, Vaxsjo; Ralph Erskine 80 Grondal Apartments, Stockholm; Backstrom & Reinius 82 Color Plate: Grondal Housing, Stockholm; Backstrom & Reinius 85 The Collective House, Stockholm; Sven Markelius 86 Triangular Apartments, Kortedala, ; Brolid & Wallinder 88 Baronbacken, Orebro; Ekholm & White 90 Vallingby 94 Single Family Houses 114 Design of Interiors 116 Experimental Houses; Erik Friberger 118 Winter House, Vastberga, Stockholm; Backstrom & Reinius 120 Villa, Storvik, Hammarby, Stockholm; Ralph Erskine 122 Villa, Kevinge, Stockholm; Sven Markelius 124 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH 126 Schools of the Late 1930's 127 Schools and Setting ' 128 The "Hall" School 129 School Corridors and Classrooms 130 School Auditoria 132 School Furniture and Furnishings 133 Kungsholmen Girls' School, Stockholm; Paul Hedqvist 134 Color Plate: Kungsholmen Girls' School Auditorium; Paul Hedqvist 135 Eriksdal School, Stockholm; Ahrbom & Zimdahl 136 Sodermalm Girls' School, Stockholm; Ahrbom & Zimdahl 138 Sana School, Gothenburg, Ake Wahlberg 141 Torsviks School, Lidingo, Stockholm; Folke Lofstrom 142 Solna High School, Stockholm; Nils Tesch & L. M. Giertz 144 Alvik School, Stockholm; Ahrbom & Zimdahl 146 Royal Gymnastic Institute, Stockholm; Wejke & Odeen 148

HOSPITALS AND SOCIAL WELFARE 152 The Southern Hospital, Stockholm; Hjahnar Cederstrom 154 The Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm; Sven Ahlbom & Carl Westman 157 Nyboda Children's Home, Stockholm; Paul Hedqvist 160 Bacteriological Laboratory, Stockholm; Gunnar Asplund 162 State Veterinary Laboratory, Stockholm; Joel Lundeqvist 164

CREMATORIA AND CHAPELS 166 Forest Crematorium, Stockholm; Gunnar Asplund 166 Color Plate: General View of Forest Crematorium 169 Crematorium Chapel, Sater; Sven Soderholm 171 St. Michael's Chapel, Mora; Borje Blome 172 Crematorium, Malmo; 174 Crematorium, Norrkoping; Kurt von Schmalensee 178 Crematorium, Boras; Harald Ericson 178 Church, Malmberget, Hakon Ahlberg 180 Chapel, Nikkaluokta; Cyrillus Johansson 182

CIVIC ARCHITECTURE 184 Court House, Gothenburg; Gunnar Asplund 184 Railway Post Office, Stockholm; Lars-Erik Lallerstedt 187 Folketshus, Linkoping; Sven Markelius 188 Museum, Linkoping; Ahrbom & Zimdahl 191

CONCERT HALLS AND THEATERS 194 Concert Hall, Gothenburg; Nils Einar Eriksson " 196 Draken Cinema, Stockholm; Ernst Gronwall 199 City Theater, Malmo; Hellden, Lallerstedt & Lewerentz 200 Color Plate: Exterior of City Theater 203

HOTELS, CLUBS AND RESTAURANTS 206 City Hotel and Town Hall, Karlskoga; Sune Lindstrom 206 Restaurants; Ancker, Gate & Lindegren; Sven Ivar Lind; Kjell Westin, Kooperativa 210 Trades Union Center, Stockholm; Sven Markelius 212 Builders' Club, Stockholm; Sven Markelius 214

ARCHITECTURE FOR SPORTS 216 Fishing Hut, near Stockholm; Backstrom & Reinius 216 SALK Tennis Hall, Stockholm; Wolter Gahn 216 Eriksdal Hall, Stockholm; Ahrbom & Zimdahl 218 Athletic Center, Boson, Stockholm; Hagstrand & Lindberg 220 Color Plates: Athletic Center, Interior of Tennis Hall; Indoor Pool, Lund 221 Indoor Pool and Tennis Hall, Lund; Hans Westman (with Tor Andersson) 222 VanadisBath, Stockholm; Paul Hedqvist , 223 Sports Hotel, Borgafjall, Lappland; Ralph Erskine 224

STOCKHOLM'S PARKS AND SHELTERS 228 Children's Parks 232 Park Shelters 234 Transportation Shelters 236

INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE 238 Power House, Hammarfors; Osvald Almquist 238 Luma Factory, Stockholm; Kooperativa (Artur von Schmalensee) 239 Bromma Airport and Hangars, Stockholm; Paul Hedqvist 240 Bus Garage, Stockholm; Eskil Sundahl 244 Ericsson Telephone Factory, Stockholm; Ture Wennerholm 246 Cardboard Factory, Fors; Ralph Erskine 248 Akerlund & Rausing Factory, Lund; Ahrbom & Zimdahl 251 Kvarnholmen Factories, Stockholm; Kooperativa (Thunstrom & Hult) . 252

STEEL AND CONCRETE BRIDGES 254 West Bridge, Stockholm; Harbor Engineers Office, Hedqvist & Dahl 254 Kungsbron, Stockholm; Harbor Engineers Office • • 256 Hammarby Bridge, Stockholm; Skanska Cementgjuteriet 256 Traneberg Bridge, Stockholm; Harbor Engineers Office, Hedqvist & Dahl 256 Sando Bridges, Sando; Skanska Cementgjuteriet 258 Varmskogs Sound Bridge, Varmland; Skanska Cementgjuteriet 260 Bridge over Angerman River at Hammar; Christiani & Nielsen 260 Bridge over Ume River at Ottontrask; Christiani & Nielsen 261 Bridge over Angerman River at Edskyrka; Christiani & Nielsen 261 Bridge over Gota River, Gothenburg; Gothenburg Harbor Authority 262 Bridge over Kalix River near Nybyn; Christiani & Nielsen 262 Bridge over Lule River near Gaddvik; Christiani & Nielsen 262

ARCHITECTS AND WORKS SHOWN IN BOOK 263

BIBLIOGRAPHY 267

SOURCES OF OUTSIDE ILLUSTRATIONS 270