FOREWORD VIEW FROM THE GM OPERATIONS

Embracing change

We can all benefit from driving and adapting to industry change

Henry Ford once said: “If you always do what you’ve always done, you’ll always get what you’ve always got.”

Most business coaches would tell you that this quote is inspiration for change; however, with the level of change experienced within our industry of late, there’s little confidence that doing what you’ve always done will even deliver what you’ve always got.

Take the Auckland building landscape, for example – designing and constructing 200m2 homes is becoming less and less feasible due to the shortage of land. As such, it looks like a case of diminishing returns for any builder specialising in that one area.

We often encourage our builders to adapt to industry and business change, and it’s just as important we do so ourselves. This issue of Under Construction highlights several of our recent initiatives, including LBP sessions conducted in Mandarin, a new fastenings delivery service, an increased level of sponsorship for apprentices and landscapers, and We often encourage a new fundraising activity. our builders to adapt to industry and business Making adjustments based on new developments and experience is being driven across all areas of the industry. In this month’s edition, we change, and it’s just asked LBP Registrar Paul Hobbs some hard questions about the integrity as important we do of the LBP scheme, and whether it might need updating in response to so ourselves recent licence cancellations. While there’s no immediate changes on the horizon, the responses certainly show that the current process is BONUS* always open to evolution. *With purchase. While stocks last. We hope you enjoy this edition of Under Construction, and that it aids development in your business – if, or where, it may be required.

Gary Woodhouse General Manager Operations

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Trade price and bonus offers available exclusively to trade account customers. All prices exclude GST. Products featured may not be stocked in all stores but can be ordered in at the advertised price. Offers valid from Wednesday 1st August – Sunday 30th September 2018.

1 CONTENTS TRADEMADE DEALS

NEWS 10 MEGAPIXEL TOUCH SCREEN 1440P 60FPS WATERPROOF 4 PAC NEWS Lucky PAC members around the country receive free * 1080P 60FPS TO 10M giveaways; May and June Apprentice of the Month winners go above and beyond in their daily work

6 COMMUNITY NEWS PlaceMakers head office tickled pink by fundraising efforts ahead of Blue September; PlaceMakers Direct delivers the goods; Mandarin LBP seminars FREE proving popular 17 GOPRO HERO 16 INDUSTRY NEWS PlaceMakers makes its mark at this year’s NZCB conference; Dwelling consents boom in Auckland; PlaceMakers strengthens ties with landscaping industry; Bella Vista saga – the details; LBP registrar Paul Hobbs responds to queries regarding recently CAMERA cancelled licences WHEN YOU SPEND $7,000+GST ON FEATURES PINK® BATTS® ULTRA® AND/OR ® Business practices of your fellow builders GIB 13 MM STANDARD & ACCESSORIES 22 10 BUILDERS’ BUSINESS 12 MBIE Codewords clarifies balustrade-to-wall junction flashings

14 MBIE Ensure that anchors fixing bottom plates to slab-on-ground floors are ship-shape

22 TIPS Contractor or employee? How to tell the difference 24 BRANZ The lowdown on slab-on-ground floors GO IN THE DRAW+ TO WIN *A 28 SITE SAFE Reduce the risk of vehicles and plant on site 30 TRIP TO 30 SUCCESSFUL BUILDER How a business dashboard can stop you dashing into trouble MELBOURNE 34 BUILTIN Seven indicators to help you monitor the financial health of your business TO SEE THE OTHER STUFF RIP CURL PRO 36 SKILLS MAINTENANCE Record your LBP Skills Maintenance – you’ve earned it! 34 SURF EVENT

ISSUE 71 > AUGUST / SEPTEMBER 2018 • RETURN FLIGHTS TO MELBOURNE FROM AUCKLAND (PLUS DOMESTIC FLIGHTS TO AUCKLAND IF REQUIRED) • ACCOMMODATION IN MELBOURNE CBD 5 NIGHTS • RENTAL CAR HIRE 5 NIGHTS • $1,000 SPENDING MONEY >PUBLISHER > DCL Corporate Publishing > ENQUIRIES > [email protected]; (04) 384 5689 *Offer exclusive to PlaceMakers trade account holders. Purchases must be invoiced on a current trade account between 1st August 2018 & 30th September 2018 and can be over multiple transactions. Qualifying spend of $7,000+GST or more is limited DCL Corporate Publishing reserves the right to accept or reject all editorial or advertising material. No part of Under Construction magazine may be published without the express permission of the to Pink Batts Ultra products, GIB 13mm Standard & all GIB Accessories (purchased from Winstone Wallboards Ltd). Winners of the competition will be notified by the 12th of October 2018. The GoPro Hero giveaway is limited to 200 nationwide and publisher. All rights reserved. Opinions expressed or imagery in Under Construction magazine are not necessarily those of PlaceMakers or the publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the suggestions of to a max of one per qualifying trade account. The first 200 qualifying customers will receive a GoPro Hero which will be available for collection from the winner’s local PlaceMakers branch by no later than 19th October 2018. All qualifying customers will automatically be entered into the draw to win a trip to Melbourne to see the Rip Curl Pro Surf Event. Dates for this event are TBC (likely March/April 2019) and cannot be changed. Prizes are not redeemable for cash or any other product or service. the contributors or conclusions that may be drawn from them. Although the publisher has made every effort to ensure accuracy, the reader remains responsible for the correct use and selection of any tools, materials and systems followed, as well as the following of any laws or codes or standards that may apply.

2 PAC NEWS PLACEMAKERS APPRENTICE CREW

James Hardie winter warmers ApprenticeHeadline of the Month MAY Cladding a house with a first-year apprentice when you’re only two years into your own apprenticeship is no simple task, but Joel Murray managed it with flying colours

amilton-based Joel was asked asked what he learnt from by his boss to finish cladding the experience, Joel said: Ha house alongside a first-year “Every day you will be faced apprentice, which meant he had to with new challenges, and you take the lead on the project. need to see them as opportunities to grow. It takes time to study Joel carefully studied the James Hardie each and every product to ensure weatherboard online manual and everything you have done is to Joel Murray collects his prize from Vic Ankersmit double checked all measurements the right specs, but it’s essential at PlaceMakers Te Rapa y simply answering a product-related question on the PAC Facebook page, 12 lucky PAC members scored James Hardie Headlineto ensure they were accurate. to success.” Bprize packs! Pictured are Andrew Wilkin (left) Andrew Hopley (centre) and Rachel Corbett (right) collecting their prizes The judges were also impressed with at their local PlaceMakers branch. Joel’s boss was very impressed with the “If you’re doing something, take your Joel’s approach, saying: “He made outcome and both lads’ efforts, with the time to make sure you get it right – the sure to put his best foot forward when house all ready to be painted. When more you do it, the faster you become!” left in charge. Well done Joel!” Apprentice breakfast Taurus tool belt giveaway JUNE Matt McHugh is a second-year apprentice from Auckland, who earned the honour of being named June’s Apprentice of the Month for overcoming a unique challenge att was asked to install in place while the glue he used a product that no one in his to fix them dried. Mcompany had worked with before – Kooltherm K17 insulated To work around the shortage, plasterboard. Matt created an extra sheet join on one wall – a much better Adding to the difficulty was the fact solution than waiting a week for that they received the wrong quantities, more of the specialty product. meaning there weren’t many extras. This meant that Matt not only had to figure The end result was a top finish, out the best way to attach the sheets, which earnt Matt praise from his but also fix them in the most efficient foreman and from the judges AC’s information brekkie at PlaceMakers Dunedin nce again, Taurus provided two fantastic tool belts to PAC way to reduce wastage. “for thinking outside the Matt McHugh receives his prize from Bob Solanki at Wairau park Pwas well-attended by ITAB carpentry apprentices Omembers. Brennan Clarke (pictured) walked away with the box and being solution-focused”. and faculty members from Otago Polytechnic. Hipster tool belt, while Jesse Newton scored a Split Leg tool belt. First, he carefully read the product outside the box a little, you may installation instructions. Secondly, he “When you face a tough situation, surprise yourself. Attaching insulated used 50mm ramset nails in areas that generally you can achieve the desired plasterboard with concrete nails were going to be covered by paper result using what is already available is pretty far-fetched, but it worked Wheelie good names! tape and plaster to keep the sheets on site,” says Matt. “If you think a treat!” e asked PAC members to help name a new range of MasterTrade Wwheelbarrows. After much deliberation, the product category team declared Nick Posa the winner for suggesting MasterTrade Max Pour Black Edition 90L, MasterTrade Tuffdeck Black Edition 72L and MasterTrade BarrowMax Black Don’t forget! Edition 72L. Croy Parrish and Jordan Dunweg received honourable mentions, with Each winner of Apprentice of the Month is entered in the selection process to be named ‘The Novice Who all three earning PlaceMakers gift cards for their efforts. Nailed It’. The winner will receive the ultimate bragging rights and a prize valued at over $500 (inc GST). 4 5 NEWS NEWS COMMUNITY COMMUNITY

Charitable acts Fast(enings) delivery drives efficiency

PlaceMakers turns pink ahead of Blue September

adly, it’s likely that everyone who is diagnosed, so support for either “Last year, we had around 40 people reading this will know someone charity works both ways. come in and get checked. The first year who has been affected by cancer. we only had about six people volunteer, S “Another important aspect for Supporting cancer-related charities until I spread the word that it was PlaceMakers is simply being a good is one way in which many of us try to a simple blood test – another 20-odd corporate citizen. It’s something we make a positive difference. PlaceMakers signed up almost immediately! take very seriously,” says Martin. is already a long-term sponsor of the “A lot of people still imagine a gloved Prostate Cancer Foundation’s annual hand when they think about getting Blue September appeal. This year, checked for prostate cancer. I think it’s head office broadened its scope to important to raise awareness about help raise funds for the Breast Cancer Once again, PlaceMakers the role that early detection plays in Foundation’s Pink Ribbon initiative. branches nationwide are successfully treating the disease and Martin Brannigan, Category Manager, gearing up to get behind the fact that a blood test is all that is organised PlaceMakers fundraiser – Blue September with actually required.” which totalled more than $1,700 – and a range of awesome events CLEAR YOUR CALENDAR! plans to make it a regular event. Once again, PlaceMakers branches “We ran a range of activities, including nationwide are gearing up to get raffles, mufti-days and bake sales. “This year, we’ve also been involved behind Blue September with a range of Everyone was really happy to get with the charity Give a Kid a Blanket. awesome events, including the Bikers in behind the cause and I hope to make it As the name suggests, they’re all Blue motorycycle rally, Whakatane’s a yearly event,” says Martin. about ensuring children in need have annual charity golf tournament and access to warm bedding. We donated word on the street is that PlaceMakers Three roving vans are bringing an extensive offering of more than 260 products directly to PlaceMakers Auckland customers While the inspiration for supporting a number of sleeping bags to them.” Dunedin crew is looking at entering the Breast Cancer Foundation was a car rally! Stay tuned for more updates. CHARITY BEGINS AT HOME in part to balance out the company’s PlaceMakers Direct gives Auckland customers instant access to essential materials male-focused Blue September support, As part of its annual Blue September To find out what’s happening near Martin acknowledges that cancer appeal, PlaceMakers offers free blood you, check in with your local account laceMakers new mobile delivery they will need until they’re standing right fastenings and fixings they need to affects entire families, regardless of tests to its male staff at head office. manager. service, PlaceMakers Direct, in front of the job,” says Simon. complete a job without the burden of P is proving a hit with builders leaving the site for a period of time.” throughout the Auckland region. “PlaceMakers Direct means that we’re able to visit our customers on site and While the service is relatively new, The service is an evolution of deliver exactly what they need. It also Simon is hoping to add more vans to Southland legend PlaceMakers ‘Man in a Van’ means that, when they need it, we’re the PlaceMakers Direct fleet within the Jimmy Cowan, programme and was launched two able to provide them with guidance and next 12 months. who made 51 months ago, with three vans now advice specific to the project they’re appearances for the All Blacks, was covering a territory from Warkworth in working on.” “We’re always looking at ways to do a star attraction at the north to Pukekohe in the south. things better and make life easier for the 2017 bi-annual If a customer is after an item not our customers. With more vans, we’ll Southern Scooter PlaceMakers Direct Manager Simon immediately available, they can request be able to reduce delivery times and Challenge Lytollis, who has nine years of it in person or call 0800 PM DIRECT increase the number we can make in experience working in the fastening to place an order. Simon says that a day. It’s a win-win!” industry, says that the service is focused customers appreciate the extra level on fastenings and fixings – with the of service. If you’re a PlaceMakers customer vans stocking more than 260 main line based in Auckland and want to take products. “We’ve found that when we make advantage of PlaceMakers Direct, call a delivery, they will often have another 0800 PM DIRECT (0800 763 473 28) PlaceMakers head office raised more than “My team and I all have extensive request. They also like checking in with to place an order or request a site visit $1,700 for the Breast Cancer Foundation through The annual Bikers in Blue motorcycle rally has become a staple of the Blue product knowledge of fastenings. It is their subbies to see what they might and enjoy the luxury of having materials initiatives such as ‘wear something pink’ day September calendar, with more and more branches signing on each year often hard for builders to forecast or need . It’s just a really efficient way delivered to your (client’s) door! estimate the exact quantity and type to for everybody on site to get the

6 7 NEWS COMMUNITY

PlaceMakers backs Mandarin-speaking LBPs PlaceMakers Mt Wellington, New Lynn been able to get a lot of value from commitment to helping builders from and Albany host Mandarin LBP sessions our seminars because of the language different communities,” said Auckland for their customers in conjunction with barrier,” said Jeff. “We had a great builder Roy. key suppliers and the feedback is turnout and feedback was really good; Max from Treasure Homes Ltd thanked Dan from Star Homes Ltd found the overwhelmingly positive. we had a lot more engagement and Simon said it was a great learning LBP session very useful PlaceMakers for hosting, saying “it just makes our job much easier” questions.” opportunity: “It’s good to learn LBP SESSIONS – JUNE 2018 a new system and great to come to The most recent series, completed in June, Max from Treasure Homes Ltd was an innovative seminar where I can was co-hosted by Winstone Wallboards, very grateful to PlaceMakers for understand the content.” which manufactures GIB plasterboard, “arranging an LBP session in Chinese, and the training focused on GIB it just makes our job much easier. PLACEMAKERS ALBANY Intertenancy Barrier Systems for Terrace Please keep doing it”. PlaceMakers Albany also had Homes. Builders received two LBP skills a great turnout at their session, with 40 maintenance points for attending. PLACEMAKERS MT WELLINGTON customers attending. Albany Account PlaceMakers Mt Wellington also hosted Manager Ming Chen said the builders PLACEMAKERS NEW LYNN a successful LBP session for its Chinese were very grateful for the opportunity. PlaceMakers New Lynn welcomed builder customers, with more than 50 around 80 builders to its session, which builders in attendance. “Great stuff!", said attendee Mr Xing. PlaceMakers Asian Segment Trade "No other merchant has ever done such Sales Manager Jeff Li said was hugely Asian Business Manager Keven Chen a great job of hosting such a fantastic successful. said they received positive feedback seminar, which delivers extra value to from attendees, who were touched by me. Thanks PlaceMakers and Winstone “Our Chinese customers have always the initiative. Wallboards. I will keep on using been very willing to learn, it’s just PlaceMakers as my main supplier.” John said the seminar was much appreciated, that previously many of them haven’t “I was very inspired by PlaceMakers PlaceMakers New Lynn welcome almost 80 builders to its session as it made it easier to upskill

More than 50 builders attended the LBP More than 40 builders attended the session at PlaceMakers Mt Wellington LBP session at PlaceMakers Albany

For almost seven years, PlaceMakers has been committed to helping its builders earn their required Licensed Building Practitioner (LBP) points. While the framework of the points system has changed over the years, our investment in providing point-earning learning opportunities, which are required to renew their licences, has not

laceMakers customers can earn check their progress (eg, completed and online. You can track your progress for all their elective points required incomplete quizzes) and review, print these on ‘MY LBP’ as well. Pover a two-year period through or email quiz results as proof of their PlaceMakers initiatives such as reading learning. CATERING FOR CHINESE Under Construction (available in BUILDERS hard copy and online) and attending PlaceMakers also seeks to help LBPs With the Chinese building community PlaceMakers Skills Maintenance complete their mandatory activities estimated to be involved in the training seminars throughout NZ. – reading Codewords articles and construction of 30% of properties built documenting on-the-job learning – by in Auckland, PlaceMakers has initiated Builders can set up their profile online including all Codewords article in a series of LBP seminars translated into called ‘MY LBP’, which allows them to Under Construction – both in print and Mandarin for builders in this region.

8 9 FEEDBACK BUILDERS’ BUSINESS

How to be the best. Builders’ Business is a column by builders for builders. Its objective is to provide a forum, particularly for small business operators, in which to share knowledge, experience, tips and ideas

Q: What do you think are the most important skills a good builder needs?

Firm: Cove Construction Firm: Dimension Building Ltd Firm: The Little Pig Building Company Principal: Nick Gill Principal: Richard Phiskie Principal: Nick Marer Location: Whitianga Location: Timaru Location: Nelson Staff: 19 Staff: 10 Staff: 4

From a practical perspective, Having a passion for the trade Communication is key, in my opinion. That being able to work well within a team is the most important thing I look includes effectively communicating your and having good finishing skills for in my builders. I don't know if expectations to your clients, staff, sub trades are big ones for me. You also need that would be considered a skill as and suppliers, and being honest about what a good work ethic and shouldn’t be such, but I do think it’s a predictor you can and can’t do, because it means that someone who likes taking short cuts. of quality workmanship and it’s not everyone knows exactly where they stand. something you can teach. One thing the industry really needs to The other important part of the equation work on is improving tradespeople’s A good attitude is also a really is making sure you listen to what they are business skills. Here anyone can call important attribute, on and off site. saying to you, particularly clients. That way themselves a builder and do contract Conversation between builders, you understand what it is they want and, if work, they don’t even need to be customers and contractors is key to you’re able to deliver that, can successfully trade qualified. success, and a good attitude makes negotiate towards a solution. all communications easier. When I was working in Australia, Builders often don’t like having tough I had to take a six-week business conversations with clients, as they can lead management course before I was Having a passion for the to confrontation and you do sometimes able to work as a contractor. It trade is the most important end up feeling like a counsellor. However, covered things like setting your people are going to react how they react rates, calculating expenses and thing I look for in my and you need to be prepared to stand up understanding your tax obligations. builders. I think it’s and explain why something might not be a predictor of quality best trade practice and how the alternative No one necessarily teaches you will be preferable in the long run. these things and, as a business workmanship owner, I found those skills really In my experience, when people understand useful when I started out. I would I think if you combine a good why you’re doing what you’re doing, they’re recommend anyone looking to set out attitude and passion for the trade, much happier with your work and the end on their own take a similar course. every other important or required result. skill is attainable. Now have your say... WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT PRE-FAB CONSTRUCTION AS A SOLUTION TO NEW ZEALAND'S WIN! HOUSING SHORTAGE? ANSWER THIS QUESTION TO ENTER OUR QUARTERLY PRIZE DRAW! Email your answer with your full name, contact phone number, company name, number of full-time staff and the city or town in which you’re based to [email protected]. All responses must be submitted by 25 September 2018. The answers to this question will be published in Under Construction October/November

10 10 REGULATION – CODEWORDS MBIE BUSINESS.GOVT.NZ

Tackling tricky flashing

One of the trickiest flashing details to design and construct correctly is a balustrade-to-wall junction flashing. This Codewords article gives a quick overview of this detail and provides some useful tips and other step-by-step information on how to correctly install this type of flashing

he junction where the capping such water will instead run down to the • All claddings on parapets and of an enclosed balustrade meets flexible flashing tape where the sloped enclosed balustrades must be T the face of the main exterior wall packer meets the main wall underlay, installed over drained cavities, of a building (typically at the end then be diverted to the adjacent cavity except vertical corrugated steel of a deck) is a high-risk location for beside the balustrade, and eventually weathertightness failure. drain out its base. • In extra high wind zones, all claddings must be installed over Where a metal cap flashing is used GETTING IT RIGHT a rigid wall underlay, consisting of along the top of the balustrade, designs E2/AS1 has specific requirements for minimum 7mm H3 treated plywood to Acceptable Solution E2/AS1 require parapets and enclosed balustrades: or 6mm fibre-cement sheet. fabricated metal saddle flashings to make these junctions weathertight. • No penetrations are allowed in Refer to E2/AS1 for references. However, the metal saddle flashings the top surfaces of parapets and must be positioned correctly to ensure enclosed balustrade walls. Where MORE DETAIL IN FLASHINGS the junctions are weathertight. rails are required on balustrades, SUPPLEMENT they must be side-fixed through the BRANZ has published step-by-step DIFFERENT SADDLE FLASHING cladding into the framing as per diagrams showing the installation AT FRONT OF CAVITY E2/AS1 Figure 19 (on page 58 of sequence for the components to these Figure 12 of E2/AS1 requires these the E2/AS1 document). junctions in their recent Build flashings saddle flashings to be positioned at the supplement, which is available on the front of the cavity (immediately behind • The sides of cappings must overlap Build Magazine website. the outer cladding) – see NOTE (1) and the cladding laps on both sides as detail (c) in the drawing. Placing these per E2/AS1 Table 7 (on page 40) As with the installation of any flashings at the front of the cavity reduces situation 2 or 3: flashing, sequencing of installation the likelihood of water entering the cavity steps is key to a good outcome. The where the flashing passes through it. • 70mm plus kick-out (or bird’s balustrade-to-wall junction can be beak for inside edge of enclosed found in section 4.5 of BRANZ’s Importantly, this approach is different balustrades as per E2/AS1 ‘Build flashings supplement’. This key to most other cavity flashing details Figure 5 on page 38) for low, resource provides a comprehensive provided in E2/AS1. The narrow width medium, high and very high overview of construction sequencing of the balustrade means that only a very wind zones for most common residential flashing small volume of water could enter applications, and explains the the cavity of the main wall above, so • 90mm plus kick-out or bird’s installation process. a different approach is acceptable. Any beak for extra high wind zone.

CODEWORDS QUIZ ISSUE 84 1 2 3 What is the minimum slope allowed by Using E2/AS1 can you penetrate the What cover is required by E2/AS1 to E2/AS1 for the top of a metal saddle upper surface of a parapet or enclosed the sides of a saddle flashing in a VH flashing to a parapet or enclosed balustrade saddle flashing? wind zone? balustrade? a) No a) 70mm a) 15 degrees b) Yes, but it depends the wind zone b) 25mm b) 5 degrees c) Sometimes c) 90mm c) Depends on the wind zone and d) Only if the homeowner signs a disclaimer average rainfall at location Figure 12: General junction of parapet and enclosed balustrade to wall

12 www.building.govt.nz 13 REGULATION – CODEWORDS MBIE BUSINESS.GOVT.NZ

FIGURE 1 EDGE DISTANCES AND Essential anchors for bottom plates SPACINGS NZS 3604:2011 does not give edge distance dimensions for proprietary Anchors that fix bottom plates to concrete slab-on-ground floors are an essential component anchors as the dimensions depend of timber frame construction as they secure the upper building structure to the foundation on the particular product and the slab edge detail, frame width, concrete hey must be able to withstand framing and install the screw 2. Can screw-type anchors be used strength and load. forces in three directions – uplift anchor using either a power driver to hold down walls containing bracing? T(tension), along the wall (in-plane or manual socket or wrench. Proprietary anchors may be used Anchor spacings for proprietary shear) and across the wall (out-of-plane as hold-downs for walls containing anchors are given in the Standard as: shear). • Easily removed. bracing but require additional uplift capacity depending on the bracing • 900mm centres maximum for in-situ TWO OPTIONS FOR FIXING • Less likely to cause damage to the unit (BU) ratings: concrete floor slabs BOTTOM PLATES concrete as they do not have an Section 7 of NZS 3604:2011 Timber- expanding wedge or sleeve that • 150 BUs/m – 15 kN uplift fixings • 600mm centres maximum where framed buildings provides two options applies an expansion force. the slab edges are formed using for fixing bottom plates to concrete • 120 BUs/m – 12 kN uplift fixings. concrete masonry header blocks floor slabs: A FEW THINGS TO CONSIDER FIGURE 2 There are some considerations if you Proprietary anchors should also have • No more than 150mm from each • Cast-in anchors consisting of M12 are going to install screw-type anchors test results to demonstrate that they end of every plate. bolts and either 50 x 50 x 3mm into concrete foundations: have been tested and meet the NZS square washers or 55 x 3mm 36 0 4: 2011 requirements for their DURABILITY DEPENDS ON USE round washers that are cast into 1. Have the anchors been tested to intended use. The protection required for all the concrete; or demonstrate they have the required structural fixings for all zones in closed capacity to meet the requirements of 3. Can adequate cover to the environments may be mild steel (ie, • Tested proprietary anchors that are NZS 3604:2011? anchor be achieved, particularly uncoated and non-galvanised) in inserted in the concrete once it has in exposure zone D (as described accordance with NZS 3604:2011 sufficiently cured. Anchor capacity must meet the in N Z S 36 0 4:2011)? Table 4.1. However, the Standard performance criteria for external Figures 1 and 2 provide two details states that where fixings are fixed into A range of proprietary anchors are and internal walls described in of how the maximum cover can be timber treated with a copper-based available, including anchors screwed NZS 3604:2011 paragraphs 7.5.12.3 achieved. preservative, the fixings in closed into pre-drilled holes, anchors and 7.5.12.4. These are shown below environments should be at least chemically grouted into pre-drilled in Table 1. hot-dipped, galvanised steel. holes, expanding or wedge anchors.

The focus here is on screw-type anchors Images supplied by BRANZ Build magazine. inserted into pre-drilled holes. Anchor capacity must meet the performance criteria for external and internal walls ANCHORS SCREWED INTO PRE-DRILLED HOLES described in NZS 3604:2011 CODEWORDS QUIZ ISSUE 84 Screw-type anchors were initially designed as removable fasteners for fixing plant and machinery to concrete 4 Proprietary anchors fixing bottom plates can be: 6 Proprietary anchors used to hold down brace walls with 150 BUs/m must have uplift resistance capacity of: walls and floors. In residential and TABLE 1: MINIMUM HOLDING CAPACITIES FOR PROPRIETARY ANCHORS a) Cast into concrete floor slabs a) 9 kN commercial construction they have b) Inserted into the concrete once it has cured become a popular option when inserted TYPE OF FORCE CAPACITY (KN) b) 12 kN into pre-drilled holes, for fixing timber c) 15 kN bottom plates to concrete floor slabs. EXTERNAL WALLS Horizontal in-plane (along wall) 2 d) 20 kN Screw-type anchors offer some 5 Which of the following is true for screw-type anchors? Horizontal out-of-plane (across wall) 3 advantages over other types of a) They need to be accurately located before proprietary anchors as they are: Vertical (uplift) 7 installation 7 Edge distances for proprietary anchors are: b) They need to be installed before the slab has been a) 50 mm minimum • Quick and easy to install – drill cast INTERNAL WALLS Horizontal in-plane (along wall) 2 b) 65 mm minimum a hole in the correct location in c) They place no expansion stress on the concrete the concrete floor, align the timber Horizontal out-of-plane (across wall) 2 c) no dimension is given

14 www.building.govt.nz 15 NEWS INDUSTRY FEATURE

Strong PlaceMakers presence at NZCB conference PlaceMakers expands landscape sponsorship

Sponsorships and prizes provide greater support for attendees

ore than 700 builders came the ‘push’ function on the vacuum PlaceMakers Apprentice Crew together at the NZ Certified cleaner to guide the ball past obstacles member Matt Hatchard. MBuilders (NZCB) annual to its destination. The person with conference in May to celebrate the the quickest time (3.90 seconds) won A third-year apprentice with FoxBuild in association’s 20th anniversary and a $250 PlaceMakers gift card and Northland, Matt’s drive to succeed has canvass opinion on key issues at a time everyone who participated could enter been apparent from the beginning. He when the sector remains under pressure into the main prize draw – two spots said he became a carpentry apprentice from growing demand. on a trip to Port Douglas. in order “to better myself, and become trade-qualified at a high standard”. At The conference programme included EXPANDING APPRENTICE 36 years old, Matt enjoys “learning Kae Combridge speaking at this year’s Registered Bill Holden – Design and Landscape won the PlaceMakers sponsored Landscapes of Distinction Best Master Landscapers’ conference after receiving the Construction of the Year Award. Local rock was chosen to deliver a ‘sense of place’ for the Matakana Garden a wide range of technical and business- SUPPORT and applying new skills and constantly 2018 Young Landscaper of the Year award project, while glass pool fencing was chosen to retain clear visual lines between the house and pool focused sessions designed to support For the first time, PlaceMakers also pushing myself to discover better ways NZCB member builders in navigating sponsored the NZCB/ITAB Apprentice to achieve the results I want.” the ever-increasing complexities of Challenge, which is designed to Luijten Landscaping’s Kae Combridge beat a record nine finalists at this year’s PlaceMakers- the industry. recognise emerging building talent This drive was evident throughout the sponsored Young Landscaper of the Year Awards – an impressive feat for someone whose from across New Zealand. Now in its competition, where finalists are put entry into the industry was through sheer luck EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY seventh year, entries have tripled since through their paces. Each apprentice PlaceMakers sponsored a stand with the inaugural event with carpentry must submit a CV, cover letter and work ased in Auckland, Kae left minute speech at the Registered Master on the pond banks and a paved outdoor Accent Tools to demonstrate its range of apprentices from 19 regions competing portfolio showcasing their building university after deciding he didn’t Landscapers conference, where Kae patio area next to the pool. Nilfisk dust extraction vacuum cleaners, for the title. This year, PlaceMakers experience to date before being Bwant a career that would see was named 2018 Young Landscaper which helps builders comply with on- provided the winner’s prize pack, interviewed by the judging panel of him stuck inside all day. After working of the Year. “The inspiration for this garden came site health and safety regulations. valued at $5,000, as well as smaller industry experts. Finalists have to give several different jobs, a chance phone mainly from the coastal location and prize packs for the 19 regional finalists. a professional presentation, which call to Dan Mackay at Ministry of Now that he has found his calling, the predominance and reflective The stand attracted a large crowd includes public speaking to 500 Ground led him to his dream job. the 25-year-old says he isn’t planning quality of the pond,” says Bill. “It thanks to its innovative golfing activity! Doug Manu, ex-branch operator from conference delegates, to be named to make another career change any presented us with the opportunity to Visitors were invited to have a go at PlaceMakers Whakatane, was the winner. “I did a week’s trial and absolutely loved time soon. visually integrate the pool with the getting a golf ball into a hole using thrilled to present the first prize to it. I spent another two years working surrounds. Terracing of the sloping there before moving to Luijten,” says “My future ambitions are to be a team area invited the inclusion of large Kae, who credits his win to his well- leader at Luijten and encourage the next local quarry rocks, softened using low rounded skill set and the support he generation of young landscapers into growing coastal species and sub- received from the Luijten team. this great industry. I’m already working tropical plants for colour.” on ways to get more youth involved.” “I don't think it was any particular talent He says the main constraints were the that got me across the line. Working As part of his prize pack, Kae received instability of the ground for the pool, with veterans of the industry, I’ve gained a Makita drop saw from Placemakers and the water run-off towards the pond good practical skills and knowledge. I'm and automatic entry into the finals from the large catchment of the site. also aware of my own limitations and of the Young Horticulturist of the knew my weaknesses in the lead up to Year competition. “A geotechnical report stipulated that the competition; with the support of my large piles had to be driven into the mentors here, I was able to turn them LANDSCAPES OF DISTINCTION ground to support the weight of the into strengths. PlaceMakers further strengthened pool – this work was all organised and its relationship with the landscaping overseen by us. Large strip drains had to “I hadn't been involved with any quoting industry by sponsoring the be installed beside the pool room, along before and was unable to read site plans Landscapes of Distinction Best with re-contouring and drains uphill of properly. One of our directors, Greg Construction of the Year Award, the pool area to take care of surface Dreyer, personally showed me how he which was won by Bill Holden – run-off during heavy rain.” works out quantities and costs from plans.” Design and Landscape for their impressive work at Matakana Garden. Any companies wishing to join the The top three finalists in the NZCB / ITAB Apprentice Challenge: Robert Piutau (left), Matt As part of the final, entrants had Registered Master Landscapers Hatchard (middle) and Thomas Ashley (right) PlaceMakers interactive stand attracted a large crowd to complete a series of written and Bill says the Auckland-based owner’s should contact Noel Brown at practical tests and make a three- brief was to create an attractive garden [email protected]

16 17 NEWS INDUSTRY FEATURE

Mr Heath particularly noted that the Boulevard building, states that: enforcement functions adequately in Bella Vista: a summary so far Resource Management Act emphasises relation to geotechnical aspects of the the importance of inquiries into site- “The geotechnical engineering intended construction works. specific geotechnical considerations in assessment is primarily required A report written by Paul Heath QC investigating the Tauranga City Council’s role in the circumstances where there is potential due to the unretained slopes (up to He also stated that the council did not Bella Vista Homes subdivision found it did not adequately perform some of its functions for damage from materials, and that the approximately 6m high) at the rear perform its Building Act inspection council could have imposed conditions of the Lakes Boulevard buildings. It is functions adequately, in response auranga City Council (TCC) under the Act to ensure the geotechnical considered that in heavy or prolonged to both geotechnical and structural commissioned Mr Heath to write aspects of the applications were rainfall it is likely that instability will considerations, and that it shouldn’t have T the report after it came under properly dealt with. occur in the slopes, which could result issued the four properties with CCCs. fire earlier this year for ordering the in destabilisation of 5 and 6 Aneta evacuation of 21 residences built BUILDING INSPECTION AND Way, and the potential collision of Mr Heath also noted that there is a need by Bella Vista Homes at The Lakes GEOTECH ISSUES; COUNCIL debris with the buildings below on for some form of inquiry or investigation subdivision in Pyes Pa, including FOUND WANTING Lakes Boulevard. Secondly, ongoing to ascertain why the council failed four that had been issued with Code Mr Heath summarised the findings of erosion and lack of support to parts to adequately perform its regulatory Compliance Certificates (CCCs). a series report written by experienced of the foundations of 301A and 307A functions, as the terms of reference of building advisor Rose McLaughlan, Lakes Boulevard is likely to cause his report focused only on identifying The homes were located on two stating that she found six main defects partial collapse of the masonry walls whether or not the council performed subdivided sites at Aneta Way and that were common to most of the in these buildings.” its regulatory functions adequately and Lakes Boulevard. After receiving properties: not why. a series of reports, the council issued Mr Heath said that a second report 17 of the dwellings with dangerous 1. An absence of retaining walls that written by AECOM concluded that: THE AFTERMATH buildings and characterised another has led to the erosion of the slopes Following the release of Mr Heath’s four as affected. that sit between the Lakes Boulevard 1. Bella Vista homes had provided report, the council voted to purchase and Aneta Way properties. None insufficient detail in its resource the 21 properties. In a media release Under the Building Act 2004, a building of the four properties issued with consent applications to show dated 6 June, the council announced it can be considered dangerous if, in the CCCs are affected by this defect. that the development could be will begin negotiations with individual ordinary course of events (excluding undertaken in accordance with homeowners to achieve full and final the occurrence of an earthquake), the 2. An absence of engineering regulatory requirements. settlement. building is likely to cause: inspection reports dealing with ground conditions, footings and 2. No contemporary geotechnical While there is no time frame set for a) Injury or death (whether by collapse An aerial shot of the Bella Vista subdivision, taken in August 2016 block walls. These defects apply report appeared to have been the negotiations, Chief Executive or otherwise) to any persons in it or City Council. Tauranga by supplied Image to all of the Lakes Boulevard made available to (or requested) Garry Poole said that the council will to persons on other property. 3A and 3B of the Lakes subdivision After seeking further information, the properties. by the council, in a manner that move as quickly as possible to have and was presented to the council council granted both applications on conforms with relevant provisions of the matter resolved. b) Damage to other property. as part of the resource consent a non-notified basis. In his report, 3. Failure to provide a building the Infrastructure Department Code. application process. Mr Heath questions whether the council platform to raft slabs, and “We know that this has been a difficult An affected building is defined as one dealt adequately with geotechnical undermining of footings. 3. There was “widespread non- situation for homeowners and that is adjacent to, adjoining, or nearby It noted that the ground was not good aspects of the applications: compliance” with the stability residents, who have been living in a dangerous building. Subsequently, the ground and had a lower bearing 4. Failure of the tanking membrane, requirements of clauses B1 and temporary accommodation since dangerous building notices for 2, 3 and capacity than normal, but was defined “The point that has concerned me and inadequate drainage B2 of the Building Code. AECOM March, but we hope that today’s 4 Aneta Way were lifted. as suitable for raft floor slabs. It also is whether the council ought to have behind walls. stated that “in many cases as-built decision lifts some weight off their included cautions about the use of made further inquiries to determine site works are not in accordance shoulders,” said Mr Poole. In April, the council asked Paul Heath fill and leaving exposed cuts, and whether the April 2015 Coffey 5. General construction defects, with the approved plans”, QC to investigate its involvement stipulated that some of the properties report could be treated as providing such as cladding, drainage and something that was exacerbated by The cost of purchasing the 21 properties with the 21 properties, with the terms needed to allow for the collection a reliable foundation to answer structural connections. “insufficient inspection by engineers”. is unknown and will be part of the of reference focused on identifying and disposal of storm water from an safety stability concerns that might These arose out of the need for negotiations. It is also likely that whether or not the council performed adjacent slope. otherwise arise out of the proposed 6. Vehicle access and manoeuvring. Bella Vista Homes to undertake a number of court actions will follow, its regulatory functions adequately and subdivision […] earthworks in order to construct the which could set legal precedents that not why it may have failed to perform RESOURCE CONSENT PROCESS Mr Heath also relied on a number 21 dwellings over two subdivided will have wider consequences for the them adequately. QUESTIONED My concerns are based on the type of of reports prepared for the council sites. building industry. The Coffey report was later relied on information that those responsible for by multinational engineering firm In his report, Mr Heath notes that issues in 2016 as part of an application to processing the applications needed to AECOM that concluded a number of In his report, Mr Heath concluded that For a full copy of Paul Heath QC’s with the land were identified in a 2015 vary conditions of the land use consent. possess in order to determine whether the buildings were dangerous under while the council dealt adequately with report, visit: https://www.tauranga. report written by Coffey Geotechnics, An application was also made to there were any grounds on which they s121 of the Building Act 2004. One the resource consent applications made govt.nz/council/council-news-and- which was prepared following the amend the consent notice conditions should be refused.” of the reports, which focused on the in respect of the Bella Vista subdivision, updates/latest-news/artmid/456/ completion of earthworks for stages to facilitate the change. unretained slopes at the rear of Lakes it did not perform monitoring and articleid/2525

18 19 NEWS INDUSTRY FEATURE

Mr Morrow's fitness to be licensed. criminal background checks to an accessible career for those who LBP application processing explained The board found that he had: determine licensing eligibility, Rule 7 have previously been through the justice states LBPs must disclose if they’ve system and restricting a person’s future • Been convicted of an offence had previous registrations or licences arbitrarily based on their past may not punishable by imprisonment for which are subject to or may be subject always be the best solution. six months or more that reflects to disciplinary sanction in the past adversely on his fitness to carry five years. out building work We are constantly learning from “The LBP scheme was set up in 2007 our complaints function and may • Acted in a manner that would bring and, based on the volumes in our the LBP scheme into disrepute. complaints function, we are consistently make adjustments to the entry seeing a high proportion of LBPs doing standards over time." LBP TEAM’S RESPONSE the right thing for New Zealanders out Jiew Chong provided fraudulent there on site, or in offices each day. - LBP Registrar Paul Hobbs information to the Board when submitting his applications to become “For the minority that fall short of the an LBP. Steven Morrow was disciplined standards set, the Board will hold “A ground for discipline is included in for prolonged poor behaviour disciplinary hearings, and a serious legislation, whereby a sanction could resulting in criminal convictions that offence or offences will and have be handed down if a person’s criminal reflected adversely on his ability to resulted in cancelled licences. history reflects adversely on their be an LBP and brought the scheme ability to be an LBP, as was the case into disrepute. “LBPs, as tradespeople, carry out and with Mr Morrow. The ground for supervise practical work. Where discipline allows those who have not required, a face-to-face assessment of amended their ways to have their past an applicant’s abilities is carried out poor behaviour, which appears to We are always looking at ways on a work site by one of our assessors. have not been remedied, recognised to review the licensing process However, in most cases we rely on in a disciplinary sanction. a verification of practical abilities and the scheme as a whole, provided by referees,” says Paul. Paul notes that it’s important to but here we need to balance remember that occupational licensing effort and risk. We don’t want In the case of Mr Chong, a valid form schemes have to set a balance between of identification was provided at the having a sufficient workforce to to spend all of our energy time of application; however, this was undertake the work and restricting making the licensing process obtained fraudulently. those who behave poorly. difficult, but we also don’t Providing false information and making false declarations breaches LBP rules and will result in disciplinary action “If an applicant provides a name that “We are constantly learning from our want to let poor performers differs from proof of identity, we can complaints function and may make into the scheme.” pick that up really easily; however, this adjustments to the entry standards wasn’t the case here. This was flagged over time. Following the most recently publicised LBP licence cancellations, where two of the LBPs were - LBP Registrar Paul Hobbs found to have criminal convictions, Under Construction asked LBP registrar Paul Hobbs to further to us by our colleagues at Immigration New Zealand as part of enforcement “LBPs are made very aware that their explain how these LBPs had received a licence in the first instance. In the article below, the LBP action that was undertaken. role comes with responsibility and team explains the rationale around the application process LBP Registrar Paul Hobbs says: “When accountability. It’s ultimately their tradespeople make an application “We are always looking at ways to review role to construct or oversee safe, he Licensed Building Practitioners and making a false declaration when of becoming licensed. to become an LBP, we provide clear the licensing process and the scheme as sanitary and compliant buildings for (LBP) scheme has recently seen applying for his Brick and Blocklaying guidance on what information is a whole, but here we need to balance New Zealanders, and to do so with T its Building Practitioners Board licence, was found to have: • Acted in a manner that would bring required in the LBP Rules, and this is set effort and risk. We don’t want to spend honesty and integrity. (the Board) hand down sanctions to the LBP scheme into disrepute. out in Rule 7.” all of our energy making the licensing two LBPs – Jiew Chong (also known as • Been convicted of an offence process difficult, but we also don’t want “LBPs who abuse their role by bringing Zi Xiang Lin) and Steven Morrow – with punishable by imprisonment for STEVEN MORROW “These rules are cited in the Building Act to let poor performers into the scheme. the scheme into disrepute can expect both having their licences cancelled six months or more that reflects Morrow, also based in Hamilton, held 2004, and where the Board is made to be held to account by the Building and stand-down periods applied. adversely on his fitness to carry Carpentry and Foundations licences. aware of any breaches, it will take ACKNOWLEDGING RESTORATIVE Practitioners Board,” says Paul. out building work. He was previously imprisoned for two action – as it has recently against JUSTICE ZI XIANG LIN years after being convicted of offences Mr Chong. “In relation to previous criminal history, Hamilton-based Lin, who acted • Made a false and misleading under the Tax Administration Act, which not every criminal is a recidivist,” says fraudulently by using false information declaration for the purpose the Board determined was linked to “While the Board does not undertake Paul. “The reality is that the trades are

20 21 TIPS ANTHONY HARPER

2. CONTROL VS of Bob’s building business, this would WHY DOES IT MATTER? Contractor or employee? INDEPENDENCE TEST suggest that Leo is an employee. An employer must provide employees The greater the control Leo has over with the minimum standards set out in his work and when he performs the Work undertaken by a contractor is legislation, such as the Employment Do you remember the animated TV show Bob the Builder? What you may not recall is his work, the more likely it is that he is generally supplementary to the business, Relations Act 2000, Minimum Wage young apprentice, Leo, a college student who works for Bob from time to time. While Bob a contractor. On the other hand, rather than an integral part. Other Act 1983 and the Holidays Act 2003. appreciates the extra pair of hands, deciding whether to treat Leo as an employee or if Bob largely controls what Leo does questions that should be asked as part A contractor, however, is technically contractor gives him a headache for the business and how he does it, of the integration test include: a self-employed individual and would he is more likely to be considered an not be covered by most employment his is an important decision employee. • Does Leo work with his own laws and statutory entitlements. for any business owner, but equipment? T is particularly relevant for Factors that may indicate a high level of This could affect Leo in several ways. builders given the nature of the independence include if Leo chooses: • Is he paid for what he produces For example, he would not be paid construction industry. Determining rather than by the hour? annual leave or sick leave, unless it was the employment status of your • The type of work that he does. expressly provided for in his services staff will affect the statutory rights If the answer is yes to one or both of agreement. Further, he would not be and protections afforded to them • The amount of time he spends those questions, it would be more likely able to bring a personal grievance if under the Employment Relations working. that Leo is a contractor. he was dismissed and he may have to Act 2000 (the Act), arrange to pay his own taxes. so it’s important you • His hours. 4. FUNDAMENTAL/ECONOMIC get it right. REALITY TEST If Bob’s building company wrongly • When he goes on holiday. When looking at the parties' treated Leo as a contractor rather For example, employees are relationship as a whole, several factors than an employee, this could have entitled to the minimum wage, If, however, Bob had continuous and may indicate the economic reality. For adverse financial effects for Bob and annual holidays, public holidays, detailed control over Leo and required example, if Leo is paid a salary or his business. For example, they may paid sick leave, bereavement Leo to be at work for set hours on a wage, and if Bob’s building company be liable to pay costs such as unpaid leave and protection from set days, apply for leave to go on processes PAYE tax and ACC on Leo’s PAYE tax, unpaid minimum wages and unjustifiable actions and holiday, and/or was always under the behalf, then this would weigh in favour holidays and leave entitlements if they unjustifiable dismissal. supervision of Bob or another while at of Leo being considered an employee. incorrectly treated Leo as a contractor. work, this would indicate that Leo was WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE? an employee. If, however, Leo pays tax directly to Ultimately, the key message is to ensure In New Zealand, Section 6 Inland Revenue, is able to engage other that all parties accurately agree the of the Act sets out the test for 3. INTEGRATION TEST workers to perform his work (through nature of the working relationship determining whether a worker is If Leo and his work are highly integrated sub-contracting or employing his own between them from the outset of the considered an employee. It states into Bob’s building company, it is more staff), is entitled to the profits and is relationship. that an individual is an employee likely he would be considered an responsible for any losses from his if they are employed to do any employee. For example, if the work Leo work, this would suggest that Leo is work for hire or reward under undertakes is integral to the running a contractor a ‘contract of service’ by the employer. Anthony Harper is a leading New Zealand commercial law firm with offices in Auckland and Christchurch. Anthony Harper is also the Spot the difference. Determining whether your staff are contractors or employees is an important decision that exclusive New Zealand member of ALFA International, a global legal network of 150 prominent independent law firms located in requires you to do your due diligence Section 6 also says that, in 65 countries. This article was compiled by employment law specialists Jennifer Mills, Ethelred Chey and Elizabeth Thomas. deciding whether a person is employed under a 'contract of service', 1. THE INTENTION TEST However, it does not necessarily the Court or Authority would look at the If Leo entered into an agreement reflect the real ongoing nature of real nature of the relationship between with Bob that expressly stated he the relationship. Occasionally, the parties. This is a broad section, was a contractor, this may indicate a working relationship that began which provides the Court or Authority that the intention of the parties is for as a principal-contractor relationship Tick the correct answers below and record what you’ve learnt in the record of learning on the back page! Evidence of actual learning rather than just ‘participation’ is a key requirement of the LBP renewal process. considerable scope to decide the matter Leo to operate as a self-employed may morph into an employment in the worker. While this is important relationship. Therefore, even if Leo 1) Why is it important to correctly 2) What is NOT a distinction between 3) What legislation in New Zealand sets out event of a dispute. Over time, the when ascertaining the true nature is expressly named as a contractor designate the status of your a contractor and employee? the test to determine whether a worker is courts have developed a number of the parties' relationship, it is not in the agreement, if the nature of the workers? a contractor or employee? a) Contractors are generally responsible for of tests to differentiate between a conclusive test, as the agreement relationship changes over time, Leo a) It affects their employment rights and paying their own tax. a) The Employment Relations Act. employees and contractors. These reflects only what the parties can become an employee. can hit you in the pocket if you get b) Employees generally work set hours. b) The Minimum Wage Act. tests are not determinative, but they originally intended the work it wrong. b) It’s a requirement of the LBP scheme. c) Contract work is generally integral to the c) The Holidays Act. provide a useful guide. relationship to look like. running of the business. c) You pay higher tax when using contractors. 22 www.anthonyharper.co.nz NB:NB: The The questions questions and and answers answers in in this this section section have have been been produced produced by by the the publisher publisher and and do do not not necessarily necessarily reflect reflect views views or or opinions opinions of of the the contributing contributing organisation. organisation. 2323 TECHNICAL

BRANZ > Continued from previous page

set out in that document. E2/AS1 requirements for slab floors and wall underlay timber framing cladding to finish Let’s get this clear masonry veneer brick veneer cladding (Figure 1) are: with cladding 50 mm min. other than veneer below floor level timber frame If the top of a concrete slab-on-ground floor is not high enough above the surrounding • Floor levels that are: ground, there can be problems. The lack of clearance can increase the risk of water getting masonry veneer wall into a building and shorten the life of building materials. Here’s a quick run-down on the i) 100mm minimum above ties – refer E2/AS1 drainage/vent Table 18B openings clearances required for concrete slabs paving DPM ii) 150mm minimum above ouses with slab-on-ground unpaved ground. 50 mm min. floors that have inadequate 100 mm min. to paved ground Hground clearance can face • Rebate level to floor level of 150 mm min. to unpaved ground specific problems: 50mm minimum. 25 mm min. to paved ground • Drainage slots for brick veneer wall • Rebate level 25mm minimum 100 mm min. to unpaved ground claddings can get blocked or may above paved ground. 0–20 mm overhang concrete slab 150 mm min. to paved ground even be sitting below ground level. 225 mm min. to unpaved ground Where this leads to water build- • Rebate level 100mm minimum up, the result can be rot in timber above unpaved ground. Figure 1. Masonry veneer detailFigure showing 1: Masonry clearances veneer to detailpaved showing and unpaved clearances ground. to paved and unpaved ground Figure 2. Minimum slab-to-ground clearances for > Continued from previous page other types of wall cladding. framing and mould inside the wall and on interior surfaces. The E2/AS1 requirements for houses with slab floors and other cladding The key ground clearance requirements for slab ∫ Where the site is below the road, the floor – 100 mm minimum above paving floors are found in Acceptable Solutions E1/AS1 level must be at least 150 mm above the – 150 mm minimum above unpaved ground • Drainage slots at the sill for low or wall typesunderlay (Figure 2) are floor levels timber framing cladding to finish masonry veneer floor-level aluminium joinery can that are: and E2/AS1 and NZS 3604:2011with cladding Timber-framed lowest50 mm point min. on the site boundary. ∫ rebate level to floor level of 50 mm minimum buildings. other than veneer below floor level ∫ rebate level 25 mm minimum above paved get blocked by paving or soil. This timber frame (E1/AS1 only applies to sites up to 2500 m2 ground can lead to water damage inside • 150mm minimum above paving. E1/AS1 says that the floor level should be at that are not low-lying, flood-prone, beside a ∫ rebate level 100 mm minimum above unpaved the house. masonry veneer wall least 150 mm above the finished level of the watercourse or located where stormwater would ground. ties – refer E2/AS1 • 225mm minimum above unpaved drainage/ventground around the building. It gives two other flow if drainage systems became overloaded. Table 18B openings • Paving or concrete paths around ground. requirements: Buildings in these areas require specific design.) The E2/AS1 requirements for houses with slab ∫ Where the site is level with or above the road, floors and other cladding types (Figure 2) are the house that sit at the same level DPM the floor level must be at least 150 mm above Figures 1 and 2 adapted from Acceptable floor levels that are: or higher than the floor increase the When planning slab floors, take the crown of the road (on at least one cross- Solution E2/AS1 show the minimum clearance ∫ 150 mm minimum above paving risk of water entering the house. 50 mm min. account of the intended finished section through the site). requirements set out in that document. ∫ 225 mm minimum above unpaved ground. landscaping around the house to 100 mm min. to paved ground 150 mm min. to unpaved ground • Blocked or restricted drainage/ avoid the minimum clearances not E2/AS1 requirements for slab floors and brick When planning slab floors, take account of the ventilation for nominal 20mm being met. veneer cladding (Figure 1) are: intended finished landscaping around the house 25 mm min. to paved ground ∫ floor levels that are: to avoid the minimum clearances not being met. cavities behind lightweight 100 mm min. to unpaved ground claddings can lead to water damage. Ensuring that the top of a concrete slab-on-ground floor is high enough is critical to ensuring a home’s longevity 0–20 mm overhang concrete slab 150 mm min. to paved ground 225 mm min. to unpaved ground

• Water splash from the adjacent Figure 1. Masonry veneer detail showing clearances to paved and unpaved ground. Figure 2. Minimum slab-to-ground clearances for ground onto the base of the other typesFigure of wall2: Minimum cladding. slab-to-ground clearances for other types of wall cladding claddings can results in a dirty Solutions E1/AS1 and E2/AS1 and NZS the floor level must be at least finish and shorter material lifespan. 3604:2011 Timber-framed buildings. 150mm above the lowest point © BRANZ Builder’s Mate Issue 89, April 2018 on the site boundary. The key ground clearance requirements for slab ∫ Where the site is below the road, the floor – 100 mm minimum above paving floors are found in Acceptable Solutions E1/AS1 level must be at least 150 mm above the – 150 mm minimum above unpaved ground E1/AS1 says that the floor level should and E2/AS1 and NZS 3604:2011 Timber-framed lowest point on the site boundary. ∫ rebate level to floor level of 50 mm minimum When planning slab floors, be at least 150mm above the finished (E1/AS1 only applies to sites up to buildings. ∫ rebate level 25 mm minimum above paved level of the ground around the building. 2,500m2 that are not low-lying, (E1/AS1 only applies to sites up to 2500 m2 ground take account of the intended It gives two other requirements: flood-prone, beside a watercourse E1/AS1 says that the floorTick level the correctshould answersbe at belowthat and are record not low-lying, what you’ve flood-prone, learnt in besidethe record a of learning∫ rebate on level the back100 mm page! minimum Evidence above of actual unpaved learning rather than just ‘participation’ is a key requirement of the LBP renewal process. or located where storm water would least 150 mm above the finished level of the watercourse or located where stormwater would ground. finished landscaping around ground around the building. It gives two other flow if drainage systems became overloaded. • Where the site is level with or flow if drainage systems became the house to avoid the requirements: 4) What is NOT a commonBuildings issue in these areas5) requireAccording specific to design.) Acceptable The Solutions E2/AS1 requirements 6) for housesWhat elsewith shouldslab you consider when above the road, the floor level overloaded. Buildings in these areas ∫ Where the site is level with orassociated above the withroad, houses with E1/AS1, how high shouldfloors the andfloor other cladding typesplanning (Figure slab-on-ground2) are floor? minimum clearances not must be at least 150mm above require specific design.) the floor level must be at leastinadequate 150 mm clearanceabove Figures around 1 and 2 adapted frombe Acceptable above finished groundfloor level levels? that are: concrete slab-on-ground floors? a) How much the ground will expand in wet being met the crown of the road (on at least the crown of the road (on at least one cross- Solution E2/AS1 show thea) minimum 100mm. clearance ∫ 150 mm minimum above pavingweather. one cross-section through the site). Figures 1 and 2 adapted from section through the site).a) Internal water damage.requirements set out in that document. ∫ 225 mm minimum above unpaved ground. b) 150mm. b) How finished landscaping will affect The key ground clearance requirements Acceptable Solution E2/AS1 show b) Shortened material lifespans.E2/AS1 requirements for slab floors and brick When planning slab floors, take clearanceaccount of heights.the for slab floors are found in Acceptable • Where the site is below the road, the minimum clearance requirements c) 200mm. c) Increased risk of fire.veneer cladding (Figure 1) are: intended finished landscapingc) aroundWhether the you’ll house need to lower your ∫ floor levels that are: to avoid the minimum clearancesclearances not being met.to improve access for the elderly.

24 www.branz.co.nz NB: The questions and answers in this section have been produced by the publisher and do not necessarily reflect views or opinions of the contributing organisation. 25

HEALTH & SAFETY SITE SAFE

Keep an eye out for blind spots The images below show some of the blind spots for operators of typical construction equipment and machinery. Remember that limited visibility applies to both the front and back of plant.

Whenever you’re working around large pieces of machinery on site, make sure plant operators and ground workers are familiar with potential blind spots

One of the big safety challenges for those who operate or work around construction equipment is maintaining constant awareness of their blind spots

ccidents and incidents involving constant contact with the mobile Operators of construction vehicles on construction sites are plant operator. equipment or machinery used Athe biggest cause of fatalities in on site can often have severely the construction industry. It’s vital that BLIND SPOTS construction workers know how to work Operators of construction equipment restricted visibility of ground safely where vehicles and other pieces or machinery on site can often have workers or nearby pedestrians, of plant are operating on a busy site; severely restricted visibility of ground particularly when they are it’s easy to accidentally wander close workers or nearby pedestrians, close to the equipment enough to a machine to be struck. particularly when they are close to Images supplied by WorkSafe New Zealand. You'll find more information like this in Site Safe’s free passport handbook, the equipment. To alert workers to the a pocked-sized guide packed full of health and safety info. Download a copy here: https://goo.gl/yHxGhn. Depending on the type of machinery dangers of nearby equipment, warning operator has agreed to their request to involved – be it a truck, forklift, crane, devices should be fitted, such as approach. Similarly, the system should excavator, bulldozer, grader or a reversing alarm or a revolving light. stop operators from moving plant closer something else – the size of the blind They can also be fitted with reversing than a set distance from ground workers spot varies, with some being quite large. cameras to provide extra visibility for until they have advised the operator Site Safe has put together some helpful the operators. that they are aware of the proposed Tick the correct answers below and record what you’ve learnt in the record of learning on the back page! Evidence of actual learning rather than just ‘participation’ is a key requirement of the LBP renewal process. hints to help you stay safe around plant movement. and vehicles. Establish an effective system of 7) What should be your first option 8) What should NOT be a goal of an 9) According to the figures, what is a communication based on two-way Mobile plant operators and workers for dealing with risks presented by effective communication system between common blind spot with bulldozers? machinery and plant? ground workers and operators? EXCLUSION ZONES AND acknowledgement between mobile should be familiar with the blind a) Directly in front where vision is concealed SPOTTERS plant operators and ground workers spots of the plant being used. Provide a) Separating workers from the plant in a) To stop ground workers from by the blade. Exclusion zones and separating workers before work starts. Train relevant induction programs emphasising the question. approaching mobile plant until the operator has agreed to their request. b) To the far left of the bulldozer. from mobile plant should be the first workers in the procedures before they dangers of working in close proximity b) Use spotters to communicate to operators c) 30m behind the bulldozer. option for managing risk. If exclusion start work. to mobile plant and provide adequate what’s happening in their blind spots. b) To stop operators from moving plant closer to ground workers until they have is not possible, use spotters to control supervision. Make sure operators and c) Limit the number of ground workers advised the operator. operations when workers are in the The system should stop ground workers workers wear high-visibility personal working in the same area as the machine and plant. c) To stop ground workers getting immediate area. A spotter should be in from approaching mobile plant until the protection equipment (PPE). distracted by talking to operators.

28 www.sitesafe.org.nz NB: The questions and answers in this section have been produced by the publisher and do not necessarily reflect views or opinions of the contributing organisation. 29 TIPS THE SUCCESSFUL BUILDER

If you don’t have a dashboard for your • The channels your enquiries are increase investment in those activities Stay on track with a dashboard business and would like to set one up, generated through. that yield good results. here are some things to consider. • Operational gross profit as You can’t rely solely on your 1. IDENTIFY YOUR KEY ACTIVITIES a percentage of income. annual accounts to give you useful Decide on three to five key activities that management information, because they have the most influence on the profit • Work in progress (the amount of only provide you with a retrospective line of your business, then measure them work sold, but not yet built). view of your business. Careful regularly and consistently – and do it dashboarding gives you objective for a long time. • The rate of change of the above. information on your company’s performance in real time. Track these activities for long enough 2. DELEGATE DAILY TASKS to be able to clearly see how their Keeping careful records is something Another client of mine was sure his outcomes are affected by any changes many business owners neglect. business was going backwards, as you make. Sometimes, it’s just not in their there was almost no money in the bank! personality profile – they would rather However, his dashboard revealed this For example, another client of mine get out there and make things happen. was caused by actions (or lack of) changed his Google AdWords based several months back and that he was on the results of a market survey he If this is you, then it may be in your best now tracking out of the hole. Once conducted. Within just one week, the interests to delegate the keeping of again, good dashboarding prevented number of phone calls his company records to an assistant. knee-jerk decision-making. received increased fivefold. 3. LOVE THE DETAIL 4. STEER CLEAR OF EMOTIONS Had he not been keeping careful Dashboarding gives you the ability to It’s easy to get enthusiastic when things records of changes and results, he may make small changes to your business look as though they are going well, have missed the connection between and then assess the effects. It also and conversely be pessimistic when the changes to the AdWords and the gives you the ability to test a strategy it looks as though they are not. This spike in calls. Now he can test other before committing large amounts of can lead to poorly thought-out and changes to his marketing strategies. resource to it. hasty interventions. Dashboarding enables you to put your emotions aside In building, there are several key Most actions by themselves may only and act logically. indicators you could include in your have a small impact on profitability, but dashboard: the cumulative effect can be devastating, Long-term success comes when you You wouldn't build a house without checking stages against the plans, so don't run your business without checking against expectations or exciting. Being able to read these keep doing the right things – for a long • The number of enquiries you receive small changes early gives you time to time. It’s when we feel things are going (and a means of measuring how take the necessary actions to prevent bad that we make poor decisions. If your pipeline of work is running out and you’re close to hitting the panic button, a dashboard many of these are turned into sales). bad results or, on the other hand, to might be just what you need to help you sleep easy at night

ecently, one of my clients went WHAT’S A DASHBOARD? HOW IT HELPED Graeme Owen, based in Auckland, is a builders’ business coach. Since 2006, he has helped builders throughout New Zealand get off the through a prolonged period with A dashboard is a set of numbers and/or The dashboard allowed him to monitor tools, make decent money, and free up time for family, fishing, and enjoying sports. www.thesuccessfulbuilder.com R no major sales. It was a rather ratios that reflect the state of a business the overall health of his business, which alarming situation. Where others may at any point in time. It may be you showed it was actually tracking well. have panicked or reacted in a knee-jerk measure the number of hours invoiced He had enough work to keep his team fashion, he didn’t. Instead, he stuck to each month, then compare that against busy, so he had no need to panic his marketing and sales process. the number of hours worked, giving an and, barring an external national or indication of labour efficiency. international catastrophe, his business Tick the correct answers below and record what you’ve learnt in the record of learning on the back page! Evidence of actual learning rather than just ‘participation’ is a key requirement of the LBP renewal process. Six months later, he signed up several was in good shape. large jobs worth more than three million When numbers for one period are 10) What is NOT recommended as 11 ) What is the main advantage of 12) When is it recommended you delegate dollars – all in the course of a few days! compared with the numbers from Rather than being concerned by the an indicator to include in your a dashboard over your annual accounts dashboard responsibilities? dashboard? report? a previous period (eg, month on month), lack of sales, he was able to keep his a) If you’d rather play to your strengths and What was it that gave him such it is possible to identify trends within emotions in check by assessing all the a) The number of enquires you a) A dashboard provides real-time work on other areas of the business. receive. information. confidence to persist? It was the your business and how you can change activities that lead to sales. b) To give your apprentice a chance to shine. dashboard he had set up some these for a positive outcome. b) Work in progress. b) A dashboard provides a more complete view of your financial position. c) When you have no other options to time earlier. c) Outgoing costs. reverse a failing business. c) A dashboard provides a clear picture of future earnings.

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3. DEBTOR DAYS 5. CURRENT RATIO OR WORKING debt load will be unattractive to lenders Financial health check This is measured, unsurprisingly, in CAPITAL RATIO and can force people into riskier, high- days and shows how long it takes, on This is a percentage figure that measures interest finance options. average, for your business to collect the whether your business has enough liquid money it is owed by customers. assets (stuff that can be turned into cash Equity ratio (%) = owner’s equity ($) quickly) to pay its short term liabilities. / total assets ($) x 100 The smaller the number, the better your company is at invoicing and receiving A healthy business should have more 7. SOLVENCY RATIO prompt payments. On the contrary, current assets1 than current liabilities2 A solvent business will have more assets a high number can put pressure on your and if the result is less than 100%, you than it does liabilities, indicating it can business’ finances by forcing you to should look at how you can reduce your afford to pay back everything it owes. borrow to cover costs. liabilities as quickly as possible. A solvency ratio less than 100% shows the business could be in trouble and Ideally for builders, this should be under Current ratio (%) = current assets may need an injection of capital from 30 days. To minimise your debtor days, ($) / current liabilities ($) x 100 the owners. you could consider offering early- payment incentives or using an invoice 1This includes things such as your Solvency ratio (%) = total assets ($) factoring provider. tools, work vehicles and any / total liabilities ($) x 100 materials you have stored on site. Debtor days (days) = # of outstanding 2This includes money you owe CRUNCHING NUMBERS accounts / total sales ($) x 365 (days)* suppliers and contractors, and any A good accountant (particularly one debts you have. that understands the construction *Note that if you’re changing the period industry and can properly account you want to measure, you’ll need to 6. EQUITY RATIO for work in progress) and accounting change the number of days accordingly. This is a measure of how much of the software are vital to the financial ie, for February use 28 days, or 29 in business’ assets are financed by the health of any building business, a leap year! owners and shareholders compared to regardless of size. debt (mortgages, loans etc). 4. CREDITOR DAYS They will help you understand the state This is basically a reverse of the debtor The higher the percentage, the less of your current finances on a regular A good accountant who understands the construction industry can properly account for work in progress – something that is vital to the financial health of any building business days calculation and is used to measure a business is leveraged and the less of basis and, just as importantly, help how long it takes you to pay your it is owned by banks and other lenders to identify any potential future issues creditors. It shouldn’t be more than 60 through debt. before they become critical. This Whether you’re a fully-fledged business Jedi or fresh-faced padawan, it’s always worthwhile days. The higher this number, the longer will give you more control over your checking that you have a good handle on the numbers behind your business. These seven it takes you to pay your bills, potentially Ideally, it should be 5% and lenders business’ financial health, reduce stress financial indicators will help you better understand your finances indicating some trouble paying debts. and insurers both like to see a small levels and make your business more number as it helps determine how attractive to banks, warranty providers ne in two construction struggle to properly manage. This will show whether the business has Creditor days (days) = # of unpaid risky it is for them to work with and potential buyers. companies fall over within enough money in the bank to pay its bills / total purchases ($) x 365 (days) a business. A business with a heavy O three years and 77% will have Most claims under a Ten-Year Building bills as they fall due. It also helps to closed within a decade, according to Warranty happen because the building show that while your bank balance may Builtin are New Zealand’s trade insurance experts. Stats NZ’s 2017 New Zealand Business contractor has gone bust, leaving their look healthy this week, that money is For more information visit builtininsurance.co.nz or contact Ben Rickard at [email protected] or 0800 BUILTIN. Demography Statistics. customers in the lurch. actually needed to pay bills next week.

These alarming figures are slightly above Financial failure is the most common 2. GROSS MARGIN the base rate, which show that 46% of reason a building company ends up This is measured in percentages and all businesses fail within three years in liquidation. That’s why it’s critically shows whether your work is correctly Tick the correct answers below and record what you’ve learnt in the record of learning on the back page! Evidence of actual learning and 73% fail with ten – this will be important that builders have a good priced. It can also show if you’re rather than just ‘participation’ is a key requirement of the LBP renewal process. unsurprising to many who work within handle on the key financial indicators earning enough from each project. If the building industry and understand of their business. The following seven your gross margin is too low, raising 13) What is meant by debtor days? 14) Why is the gross margin an important 15) What is an ideal equity ratio? the risks. measures will help you stay on top. your rates and cutting costs are steps financial indicator? you can take to bring it up. It should be a) Debtor days reflect owh long it takes a) 5%. From our own experience, financial 1. CASHFLOW FORECAST at least 8%, and ideally it will be more. customers to pay you. a) It shows how much cash you have in your business at any one time. b) 50%. failure is one of the most common This is a monthly estimate of the cash b) Debtor days reflect owh long it takes you c) 150%. reasons for a building business to owed to and by the business. It usually Gross Margin = to pay suppliers. b) It shows whether you can pay your debts on time. fail and we also know that it is a side projects up to 12 months into the future. Gross Profit ($) / Total Sales ($) x 100 c) Debtor days reflect owh long a of their business many builders company has left before liquidation. c) It shows how well your work is priced and how much your individual projects earn.

34 www.builtininsurance.co.nz NB: The questions and answers in this section have been produced by the publisher and do not necessarily reflect views or opinions of the contributing organisation. 35 SPONSORSHIP

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