The War of 1812 Thematic Unit
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The War of 1812
American flag HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY The War of 1812 Teacher Guide British navy Americans and British make peace American victory on Lake Erie G2T_U7_The War of 1812_TG.indb 1 27/09/19 8:48 PM G2T_U7_The War of 1812_TG.indb 2 27/09/19 8:48 PM The War of 1812 Teacher Guide G2T_U7_The War of 1812_TG.indb 1 27/09/19 8:48 PM Creative Commons Licensing This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. You are free: to Share—to copy, distribute, and transmit the work to Remix—to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution—You must attribute the work in the following manner: This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation (www.coreknowledge.org) made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial—You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike—If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Copyright © 2019 Core Knowledge Foundation www.coreknowledge.org 5 All Rights Reserved. - 3 Core Knowledge®, Core Knowledge Curriculum Series™, Core Knowledge History and Geography™, and CKHG™ are trademarks of the Core Knowledge Foundation. -
Fort Mchenry - "Our Country" Bicentennial Festivities, Baltimore, MD, 7/4/75 (2)” of the John Marsh Files at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 67, folder “Fort McHenry - "Our Country" Bicentennial Festivities, Baltimore, MD, 7/4/75 (2)” of the John Marsh Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON '!0: Jack Marsh FROM: PAUL THEIS a>f Although belatedly, attached is some material on Ft. McHenry which our research office just sent in ••• and which may be helpful re the July 4th speech. Digitized from Box 67 of The John Marsh Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library :\iE\10 R.-\~ D l. \I THE \\'HITE HOI.SE \L\Sllli"GTO:'\ June 23, 1975 TO: PAUL 'IHEIS FROM: LYNDA DURFEE RE: FT. McHENRY FOURTH OF JULY CEREMONY Attached is my pre-advance report for the day's activities. f l I I / I FORT 1:vlc HENRY - July 4, 1975 Progran1 The program of events at Fort McHenry consists of two parts, with the President participating in the second: 11 Part I: "By the Dawn's Early Light • This is put on by the Baltimore Bicentennial Committee, under the direction of Walter S. -
An American Perspective on the War of 1812 by Donald Hickey
An American Perspective on the War of 1812 By Donald Hickey The War of 1812 is probably our most obscure conflict. Although Navy’s practice of removing seamen from American merchant regulars of Great Britain. Similarly, the naval victories on the War of Independence”–they could point to few concrete gains– a great deal has been written about the war, the average American vessels. In contemporary parlance, the war was fought for northern lakes and the high seas and the success of privateers certainly none in the peace treaty–to sustain this claim. is only vaguely aware of why we fought or who the enemy was. “Free Trade and Sailors’ Rights.” These issues seem arcane around the globe demonstrated that, given the right odds, the Even those who know something about the contest are likely to today. Moreover, the only way that the United States to strike nation’s armed ships matched up well against even the vaunted It is this lack of success that may best explain why the war is so remember only a few dramatic moments, such as the writing of at Great Britain was by attacking Canada, and that made it and seemingly invincible Mistress of the Seas. little remembered. Americans have characteristically judged “The Star-Spangled Banner,” the burning of the nation’s capital, look like a war of territorial aggression. Even today Canadians their wars on the basis of their success. The best-known wars– or the Battle of New Orleans. are likely to see the war in this light, and who can blame them? The war also produced its share of heroes–people whose reputations the Revolution, the Civil War, and World War II–were all A war fought to secure maritime rights by invading Canada were enhanced by military or government service. -
Is Now the Time to Retire the Star-Spangled Banner? by Daniel Hathaway
Is now the time to retire The Star-Spangled Banner? by Daniel Hathaway During the recent demonstrations responding to the death of George Floyd while in police custody in Minneapolis, a number of monuments were toppled that represented the racist history of the United States. Among them, in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park and elsewhere, statues memorializing Francis Scott Key were pulled down. Key was author of the poem Defence of Fort M’Henry, inspired by the British bombardment in Baltimore Harbor in September 1814, that became the text of The Star-Spangled Banner. Joined to a tune by British composer John Stafford Smith, the song was officially adopted by the U.S. Navy in 1889 and became our National Anthem by resolution of Congress in 1931. The problem with Francis Scott Key, a Baltimore lawyer and district attorney, is that he had owned slaves since 1800. While he went on public record to oppose human trafficking, he also represented the owners of runaway slaves. The problem with his poem is that for 21st-century America, its sentiments seem less and less conducive to uniting a divided nation. The “Star-Spangled Banner” refers to the mammoth flag (originally measuring 30 by 42 feet) with fifteen stars and stripes symbolizing the states that formed the Union at the time. Raised “by dawn’s early light,” the flag, now owned by the Smithsonian Institution, offered proof of an American victory over the British during the War of 1812. Fittingly for the occasion that inspired it, Key’s poem begins with military imagery. -
A History of the War of 1812 and the Star-Spangled Banner
t t c c A History of the War of 1812 and The Star-Spangled e e j j Banner o o r r Objectives: Students will be able to cite the origins and outcome of the War of 1812 P P and be able to place the creation of the Star-Spangled Banner in a chronological framework. r r e e Time: 3 to 5 class periods, depending on extension activities n n Skills: Reading, chronological thinking, map-making. n Content Areas: Language Arts- Vocabulary, Language Arts- Reading, Social Studies- n a a Geography, Social Studies- United States history Materials: B B ♦ Poster board or oak tag d d ♦ Colored markers e e l l ♦ Pencils g g ♦ Copies of reading material n n a a Standards: p p NCHS History Standards S S K-4 Historical Thinking Standards - - 1A: Identify the temporal structure of a historical narrative or story. r r 1F: Create timelines. a a t t 5A: Identify problems and dilemmas confronting people in historical S S stories, myths, legends, and fables, and in the history of their school, community, state, nation, and the world. e e 5B: Analyze the interests, values, and points of view of those h h involved in the dilemma or problem situation. T T K-4 Historical Content Standards 4D: The student understands events that celebrate and exemplify fundamental values and principles of American democracy. 4E: The student understands national symbols through which American values and principles are expressed. 5-12 Historical Thinking Standards 1A: Identify the temporal structure of a historical narrative or story. -
War of 1812 Brief History by Susan L
War of 1812 Brief History By Susan L. Conklin, Genesee County Historian In 1811 while Canada supplied reinforcements to the Niagara River area, the United States made no comparable effort to strengthen its undermanned Fort Niagara. However, in 1809 Joseph Ellicott, Resident-Agent for the Holland Land Company, had built a temporary arsenal in Batavia and Daniel D. Tompkins, the Governor of New York State, agreed to supply weapons to improve the defense west of the Genesee River. In 1812 Western New York was composed of five counties; in the south, Allegany, Chautauqua, Cattaraugus and in the north Genesee (which included all of Orleans, Wyoming and the western sections of Livingston and Monroe) and Niagara (which included Erie). On June 18, 1812 the United States Congress declared war on Great Britain. The causes of the war included trade tensions, British support for Indian raids and U.S. territory expansion. The news of this declaration caused great concern and dread among the settlers of Western New York. All able-bodied men were summoned to fight and join the militia, leaving only a few behind to manage the crops. Seneca warriors from the Tonawanda Reservation also volunteered and provided support to the local militia. For a year and a half there had been fighting along the Niagara River and in the later part of 1813 both sides of the river were controlled by the American troops. On December 10, 1813 General George McClure, who had been left in charge of the garrison at Fort George, on the Canadian side, attacked the Canadian Village of Newark (renamed Niagara) which was located one mile north of the fort. -
The Battle of Hampden and Its Aftermath
Maine History Volume 43 Article 3 Number 1 Here Come the British! 1-1-2007 The aB ttle of aH mpden and Its Aftermath Robert Fraser Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/ mainehistoryjournal Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Fraser, Robert. “The aB ttle of aH mpden and Its Aftermath” Maine History 43, no. 1 (January 2007): 21-40. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maine History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE BATTLE OF HAMPDEN AND ITS AFTERMATH BY ROBERT FRASER The successful British attack on the Penobscot Valley in fall 1814 was to annex eastern Maine to Canada, a move taken to protect the important line of communications between Halifax and Quebec. New England merchants had opposed the War of 1812, as it destroyed their interna- tional trade, and most New Englanders tried to remain neutral during the fray. At Hampden, enemy threats brought them out to defend their homes. Although Great Britain returned the area to the United States at war’s end, the occupation of the Penobscot Valley had lasting implica- tions for the District of Maine. Between 1954 and 1984 Robert Fraser was assistant curator at the Cohasset Historical Society and a consultant to other historical societies. He writes historical articles for local newspa- pers and national magazines, and has published two books on light- houses and another on local history. -
Rationality, Pirates, and the Law: a Retrospective
LEESON.OFFTOPRINTER.CORREX.SECOND (DO NOT DELETE) 6/17/2010 6:44 PM RATIONALITY, PIRATES, AND THE LAW: A RETROSPECTIVE * PETER T. LEESON TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................................1219 I. Antipiracy Law Before 1700 ....................................................1220 II. Antipiracy Law After 1700 .......................................................1222 III. The Hard-Plucked Fruit of Antipiracy Legal Reform and Pirates’ Response .....................................................................1224 Conclusion .........................................................................................1229 INTRODUCTION In the late 1720s, Caribbean piracy was brought to a screeching halt. An enhanced British naval presence was partly responsible for bringing pirates to their end. But the most important factor contributing to this result was a series of early eighteenth-century legal changes that made it possible to prosecute pirates effectively. This short Article’s purpose is to recount those legal changes and document their effectiveness. Its other purpose is to analyze pirates’ response to the legal changes designed to exterminate them, which succeeded, at least partly, in frustrating the British government’s goal. By providing a retrospective look at antipiracy law and pirates’ reactions to that law, my hope is to supply some useful material for thinking about how to use the law to address the contemporary piracy problem. * Visiting Professor of Economics, -
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Updated July 29, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32492 American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Summary This report provides U.S. war casualty statistics. It includes data tables containing the number of casualties among American military personnel who served in principal wars and combat operations from 1775 to the present. It also includes data on those wounded in action and information such as race and ethnicity, gender, branch of service, and cause of death. The tables are compiled from various Department of Defense (DOD) sources. Wars covered include the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam Conflict, and the Persian Gulf War. Military operations covered include the Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission; Lebanon Peacekeeping; Urgent Fury in Grenada; Just Cause in Panama; Desert Shield and Desert Storm; Restore Hope in Somalia; Uphold Democracy in Haiti; Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF); Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF); Operation New Dawn (OND); Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR); and Operation Freedom’s Sentinel (OFS). Starting with the Korean War and the more recent conflicts, this report includes additional detailed information on types of casualties and, when available, demographics. It also cites a number of resources for further information, including sources of historical statistics on active duty military deaths, published lists of military personnel killed in combat actions, data on demographic indicators among U.S. military personnel, related websites, and relevant CRS reports. Congressional Research Service American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................... -
War of 1812 Booklist Be Informed • Be Entertained 2013
War of 1812 Booklist Be Informed • Be Entertained 2013 The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from June 18, 1812 through February 18, 1815, in Virginia, Maryland, along the Canadian border, the western frontier, the Gulf Coast, and through naval engagements in the Great Lakes and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In the United States frustrations mounted over British maritime policies, the impressments of Americans into British naval service, the failure of the British to withdraw from American territory along the Great Lakes, their backing of Indians on the frontiers, and their unwillingness to sign commercial agreements favorable to the United States. Thus the United States declared war with Great Britain on June 18, 1812. It ended with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent on December 24, 1814, although word of the treaty did not reach America until after the January 8, 1815 Battle of New Orleans. An estimated 70,000 Virginians served during the war. There were some 73 armed encounters with the British that took place in Virginia during the war, and Virginians actively fought in Maryland, Virginia, and Ohio and in naval engagements. The nation’s capitol, strategically located off the Chesapeake Bay, was a prime target for the British, and the coast of Virginia figured prominently in the Atlantic theatre of operations. The War of 1812 helped forge a national identity among the American states and laid the groundwork for a national system of homeland defense and a professional military. For Canadians it also forged a national identity, but as proud British subjects defending their homes against southern invaders. -
Was The War of 1812. Impressment (Or Impressing Sailors). The
Binder Page ______________ Name _________________________________________________ Period _____________ The War of 1812 Date____________________ PRESIDENT- JAMES MADISON James Madison was known as the “Father of the Constitution” and is sometimes also called the “Father of the Bill of Rights”. He had helped write the Constitution and the Federalist Papers that helped insure that the Constitution would be ratified. However, like his friend Jefferson, he was in the Democratic-Republican party. When Jefferson was President, Madison was his Secretary of State. After Jefferson’s two terms, Madison was elected as our 4th president. By far, the most important thing that happened in his presidency was the War of 1812 . CAUSES OF THE WAR OF 1812 The causes of the War of 1812 are tied to the enormous amount of fighting that had been taking place between Britain and France. The French leader, was trying to take over Europe and Britain was trying to stop him. Americans were making profits trading with both sides. Both Britain and France were forbidding the Americans to trade with the other side. In spite of the fact that the Americans claimed to be neutral, both sides stopped American ships bound for their enemy. Since the British had the stronger navy, they were more effective at stopping American shipping and were seen at the bigger problem. To make matters worse, the British were also forcing British citizens to fight in the their navy. Drafted sailors was a practice known as impressment (or impressing sailors). The British believed that British citizens anywhere in the world could be forced to serve in His Majesty’s Navy. -
The Ambiguous Patriotism of Jack Tar in the American Revolution Paul A
Loyalty and Liberty: The Ambiguous Patriotism of Jack Tar in the American Revolution Paul A. Gilje University of Oklahoma What motivated JackTar in the American Revolution? An examination of American sailors both on ships and as prisoners of war demonstrates that the seamen who served aboard American vessels during the revolution fit neither a romanticized notion of class consciousness nor the ideal of a patriot minute man gone to sea to defend a new nation.' While a sailor could express ideas about liberty and nationalism that matched George Washington and Ben Franklin in zeal and commitment, a mixxture of concerns and loyalties often interceded. For many sailors the issue was seldom simply a question of loyalty and liberty. Some men shifted their position to suit the situation; others ex- pressed a variety of motives almost simultaneously. Sailors could have stronger attachments to shipmates or to a hometown, than to ideas or to a country. They might also have mercenary motives. Most just struggled to survive in a tumultuous age of revolution and change. Jack Tar, it turns out, had his own agenda, which might hold steadfast amid the most turbulent gale, or alter course following the slightest shift of a breeze.2 In tracing the sailor's path in these varying winds we will find that seamen do not quite fit the mold cast by Jesse Lemisch in his path breaking essays on the "inarticulate" Jack Tar in the American Revolution. Lemisch argued that the sailor had a concern for "liberty and right" that led to a "complex aware- ness that certain values larger than himself exist and that he is the victim not only of cruelty and hardship but also, in the light of those values, of injus- tice."3 Instead, we will discover that sailors had much in common with their land based brethren described by the new military historians.