DOCSLIB.ORG

Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat Or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identification Using MRM S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat Or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identification Using MRM S PO-CON1715E Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identication using MRM Spectrum Mode ASMS 2017 TP-184 Mikaël LEVI1, Hisashi KATO2, David BAKER3, Ichiro HIRANO1 1 SHIMADZU Corporation, MS Business Unit, Kyoto, Japan; 2 BIOTAGE Japan, Tokyo, Japan; 3 SHIMADZU MS Business Unit Overseas, Manchester, UK. Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identication using MRM Spectrum Mode Introduction Aminoglycoside are an antibiotic family widely used for the commodities (e.g. spectinomycin in eggs) or have low MRL. treatment of bacterial infections in cattle, sheep, pigs and So in the case of a positive sample, a strict identication of poultry. Due to their high afnity for tissues, the the compound is necessary to condently report potential consumption of meat, milk or eggs containing fraud. aminoglycosides (AGs) can be potentially hazardous for AGs are very polar compounds poorly retained by human health. Regulatory agencies have set maximum reversed-phase liquid chromatography and ion-pairing residue limits (MRL) for these compounds with veterinary reagents are not desirable when users share several use. Depending on the countries, the animal species, the methods on a single system. commodity or the AG, these MRL are different. For food Here we present a method using hydrophilic interaction safety laboratories testing large numbers of samples, a liquid chromatography (HILiC) with high sensitivity mass method capable to cover as many compounds, matrices spectrometer to reach limits of quantication at and regulated range as possible would be of great help. femtogram level on column, combined with MRM In addition, some AGs are strictly banned for some Spectrum Mode for formal identication. Methods and Materials Sample Preparation Frozen meat samples were homogenized using a knife Further purication was then perfomed by Solid Phase mill (Grindomix GM200, Retsch). 5 g of homogenized Extraction (SPE) using mixed-mode sorbent (WCX Express sample or mixed eggs or 10 mL of milk were placed in a 96-well plate 30 mg, Biotage) and Extrahera automate polypropylene tube. After addition of 20 mL of extraction (Biotage). 1 mL of extract was loaded without prior solution (10 mM NH4OAc, 0.4mM EDTA, 0.5% NaCl, 2% conditioning. Then the sample was washed with 1 mL of trichloroacetic acid in water), sample were vortex mixed ammonium acetate buffer 50mM pH7. After sorbent and shaked for 10 min. After centrifugation for 10 min at drying, target compounds were eluted with 250 µL of 4000 rpm, the supernatant was transferred to a clean PP aqueous formic acid 10% (v/v). Puried extracts were tube. Extraction was repeated and supernatant combined. then diluted 25 times with aqueous formic acid 1% (v/v) Extract pH was then adjusted to pH 6.5 +/- 0.25. prior to transfer into a polypropylene vial and analysis. Analytical Conditions Two methods were used. First method for fast column but with a longer gradient and 15 MRM per quantitative screening is using a fast gradient with two compound. Parameters are described parameters in Table MRM by compound. The second method for positive 1 and 2. sample conrmation, used same mobile phases and 2 Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identication using MRM Spectrum Mode Table 1 HILiC conditions System : Nexera X2 Column : GL Sciences Inertsil Amide 3µm 100x2.1mm Temperature : 50°C Mobile Phases : A: Water + 250 mM ammonium formate + 1% formic acid B: Acetonitrile Flow Rate : 800 µL/min Injection Volume : 5 µL (Quant screening) Gradient : 80 % B (0.1min) to 30%B in 1 min. 30%B (0.5 min). 30%B to 80%B in 0.1 min Total Run Time : 3.5 min (ID Conrmation) Gradient : 70 % B (0.1min) to 60%B in 6 min. 60%B to 50 (3min). 50%B to 70%B in 0.1 min Total Run Time : 11 min Table 2 MS/MS conditions for fast quantitative screening System : LCMS-8060 Ionization : Heated ESI Probe Voltage : +1.5 kV (positive ionization) Temperature : Interface: 400°C Desolvation Line: 150°C Heater Block: 300°C Gas Flow : Nebulizing Gas: 3 L/min Heating Gas: 20 L/Min Drying Gas: 3 L/min Dwell Time / Pause time : 6 ms / 1.5 ms MRM : Compound MRM Quant MRM Qual Spectinomycin 351.1 > 207.0 351.1 > 98.2 Apramycin 540.3 > 217.1 540.3 > 378.3 Dihydrostreptomycin 584.3 > 263.2 584.3 > 246.0 Gentamicin C1a 450.2 > 322.2 450.2 > 163.0 Gentamicin C1 478.3 > 322.3 478.3 > 157.1 Gentamicin C2 464.3 > 322.1 464.3 > 160.0 Hygromycin B 528.3 > 177.1 528.3 > 352.1 Kanamycin 485.3 > 163.0 485.3 > 324.2 Neomycin B 615.3 > 161.1 615.3 > 163.1 Streptomycin 582.3 > 263.2 582.3 > 246.12 Amikacin 586.3 > 425.2 586.3 > 163.3 Netilmicin 476.3 > 299.2 476.3 > 191.2 Paromomycin 616.3 > 163.1 616.3 > 293.2 Sisomycin 448.3 > 254.1 448.3 > 271.2 Tobramycin 468.3 > 324.0 468.3 > 163.0 3 Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identication using MRM Spectrum Mode Results Calibration As the method should t any type of sample, calibration dene the highest calibration level. When no MRL was standards were prepared in aqueous 1% formic acid. The dened, the Japan rule using 10 ng/g as default MRL was calibration range was set up by combining all MRL from employed for the highest level. Finally, taking into Europe, Japan and USA for all target compounds and all account the sample preparation protocol, volumetric commodities. For each compound, the lowest MRL concentration were established. The table 3 summarize divided by 10, or the practical achievable concentration the calibration ranges used. Some typical chromatograms with S/N > 10 was considered as the target limit of at LOQ are provided in gure 1. quantication. The highest MRL +50% was used to Table 3 Calibration ranges Calibration range (pg/mL) Compound lowest (Low MRL/10) highest (high MRL + 50%) Amikacin 20 150 Apramycin 30 30000 Dihydrostreptomycin 5 30000 Gentamicin(*) 80 75000 Hygromycin 10 150 Kanamycin 20 37500 Neomycin (+) 100 150000 Netilmicin 10 150 Paromomycin 40 22500 Sisomycin 10 150 Spectinomycin 10 75000 Streptomycin 5 30000 Tobramycin 10 150 (*) sum of C1, C1a and C2 congeners (+) using Neomycin B as marker 4 Sensitive and Fast Measurement of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Milk, Meat or Eggs by HILIC-MS/MS and Identication using MRM Spectrum Mode SPC (10) APR (30) DTP (5) NEO (100) STP (5) SIS (10) TOB (10) Q 351.10>207.00 6.89e3Q 540.30>217.10 2.08e3Q 584.30>263.15 1.75e4Q 615.30>161.10 1.05e4Q 582.30>263.15 2.02e4Q 448.30>254.05 2.41e3Q 468.30>324.00 1.93e3 2.0e4 R1 134.55% 2.0e3 R1 60.72% R1 31.01% 1.0e4 R1 69.67% R1 33.83% R1 66.94% R1 107.39% 2.3e3 2.0e3 9.0e3 1.6e4 1.8e4 1.8e3 9.0e3 1.8e3 8.0e3 2.0e3 1.4e4 1.6e4 1.6e3 8.0e3 1.6e3 7.0e3 1.8e3 1.2e4 1.4e4 1.4e3 7.0e3 1.4e3 1.5e3 6.0e3 1.2e4 1.2e3 1.0e4 6.0e3 1.2e3 5.0e3 1.3e3 1.0e3 5.0e3 1.0e4 8.0e3 1.0e3 1.0e3 4.0e3 8.0e3 8.0e2 4.0e3 8.0e2 6.0e3 3.0e3 6.0e3 7.5e2 6.0e2 3.0e3 6.0e2 4.0e3 5.0e2 2.0e3 4.0e2 2.0e3 4.0e3 4.0e2 2.0e3 1.0e3 2.0e2 1.0e3 2.0e3 2.5e2 2.0e2 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 AMI (20) NET (10) PAR (40) GENC1a GENC1 (80) GENC2 HYG (10) KAN (20) Q 586.30>425.20 1.67e3Q 476.30>299.15 1.15e4Q 616.30>163.10 7.84e3Q 450.20>322.20 1.08e4Q 478.30>322.25 1.12e5Q 464.30>322.10 2.89e4Q 528.30>177.05 1.66e3Q 485.30>163.00 2.41e3 1.8e3 R1 107.96% R1 51.80% R1 47.35% R1 38.56% 1.1e5 R1 104.13% R1 71.82% R1 79.53% R1 18.99% 1.1e4 2.8e4 2.3e3 1.0e4 2.3e3 7.0e3 1.6e3 1.0e4 1.0e5 2.5e4 2.0e3 9.0e3 2.0e3 9.0e3 9.0e4 1.4e3 6.0e3 2.3e4 8.0e3 1.8e3 1.8e3 8.0e3 8.0e4 2.0e4 1.2e3 5.0e3 7.0e3 1.5e3 7.0e3 7.0e4 1.8e4 1.5e3 1.0e3 6.0e3 6.0e4 1.3e3 6.0e3 4.0e3 1.5e4 1.3e3 5.0e3 8.0e2 5.0e3 5.0e4 1.3e4 1.0e3 1.0e3 3.0e3 4.0e3 4.0e3 4.0e4 1.0e4 6.0e2 7.5e2 7.5e2 3.0e3 3.0e3 2.0e3 3.0e4 7.5e3 4.0e2 5.0e2 5.0e2 2.0e3 2.0e3 2.0e4 5.0e3 1.0e3 2.0e2 2.5e2 2.5e2 1.0e3 1.0e3 1.0e4 2.5e3 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 0.0e0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 Figure 1 Chromatograms at the LOQ (concentrations in brackets, in pg/mL) Recovery Several meat samples, eggs and milk samples were concentration.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics from the 1940S and up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player
    The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics From the 1940s and Up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player Leisner, Jørgen J. Published in: Frontiers in Microbiology DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00976 Publication date: 2020 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Leisner, J. J. (2020). The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics From the 1940s and Up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, [976]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00976 Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 fmicb-11-00976 June 10, 2020 Time: 21:55 # 1 REVIEW published: 12 June 2020 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00976 The Diverse Search for Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Natural Product Antibiotics From the 1940s and Up to 1960 Exemplified by a Small Pharmaceutical Player Jørgen J. Leisner* Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark The 1940s and 1950s witnessed a diverse search for not just natural product antibiotics but also for synthetic and semisynthetic compounds. This review revisits this epoch, using the research by a Danish pharmaceutical company, LEO Pharma, as an example. LEO adopted a strategy searching for synthetic antibiotics toward specific bacterial Edited by: Rustam Aminov, pathogens, in particular Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to the discovery of a University of Aberdeen, new derivative of a known drug. Work on penicillin during and after WWII lead to the United Kingdom development of associated salts/esters and a search for new natural product antibiotics.
    [Show full text]
  • Therapeutic Alternatives for Drug-Resistant Cabapenemase- Producing Enterobacteria
    THERAPEUTIC ALTERNATIVES FOR MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT AND EXTREMELY All isolates resistant to carbapenems were evaluated Fig. 1: Susceptibility (%) of Carbapenemase-producing MDRE Fig. 3: Susceptibility (%) of VIM-producing MDRE to Alternative DRUG-RESISTANT CABAPENEMASE- for the presence of genes encoding carbapenemases to Alternative Antibiotics Antibiotics PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIA OXA-48-like, KPC, GES, NDM, VIM, IMP and GIM. M. Almagro*, A. Kramer, B. Gross, S. Suerbaum, S. Schubert. Max Von Pettenkofer Institut, Faculty of Medicine. LMU Munich, München, Germany. RESULTS BACKROUND 44 isolates of CPE were collected: OXA-48 (n=29), VIM (n=9), NDM-1 (n=5), KPC (n=1) and GES (n=1). The increasing emergence and dissemination of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli has From the 44 CPE isolates, 26 isolates were identified reduced significantly the options for sufficient as Klebsiella pneumoniae (68% of the OXA-48 CPE), 8 Fig. 2: Susceptibility (%) of OXA-48-producing MDRE to Fig. 4: Susceptibility (%) of NDM-producing MDRE to Alternative antibiotic therapy. The genes encoding most of these as Escherichia coli, 6 as Enterobacter cloacae, 2 as Alternative Antibiotics Antibiotics carbapenemases reside on plasmids or transposons Citrobacter freundii,1 as Providencia stuartii and 1 as carrying additional resistance genes which confer Morganella morganii. multidrug resistance to the isolates. 31 isolates (70%) were causing an infection, including urinary tract infection (20%), respiratory tract MATERIALS AND METHODS infection (18%), abdominal infection (18%), bacteraemia (9%) and skin and soft tissue infection In the present study, we tested the in vitro activity of (5%). 13 isolates were believed to be colonizers. antimicrobial agents against a well-characterized c o l l e c t i o n o f c a r b a p e n e m a s e - p r o d u c i n g Isolates were classified as 32 MDRE and 13 XDRE.
    [Show full text]
  • Data on Before and After the Traceability System of Veterinary Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Small Animals at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples
    animals Article Data on before and after the Traceability System of Veterinary Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Small Animals at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples Claudia Chirollo , Francesca Paola Nocera , Diego Piantedosi, Gerardo Fatone , Giovanni Della Valle, Luisa De Martino * and Laura Cortese Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples, “Federico II”, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (F.P.N.); [email protected] (D.P.); [email protected] (G.F.); [email protected] (G.D.V.); [email protected] (L.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-081-253-6180 Simple Summary: Veterinary electronic prescription (VEP) is mandatory by law, dated 20 November 2017, No. 167 (European Law 2017) Article 3, and has been implemented in Italy since April 2019. In this study, the consumption of antimicrobials before and after the mandatory use of VEP was analyzed at the Italian University Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Naples in order to understand how the traceability of antimicrobials influences veterinary prescriptions. The applicability and utility of VEP may present an effective surveillance strategy able to limit both the improper use of Citation: Chirollo, C.; Nocera, F.P.; antimicrobials and the spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens, which have become a worrying Piantedosi, D.; Fatone, G.; Della Valle, threat both in veterinary and human medicine. G.; De Martino, L.; Cortese, L. Data on before and after the Traceability Abstract: Over recent decades, antimicrobial resistance has been considered one of the most relevant System of Veterinary Antimicrobial issues of public health.
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) Is Used for Microbiological Assay of Antibiotics. M042
    HiMedia Laboratories Technical Data Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) is used for M042 microbiological assay of antibiotics. Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) is used for microbiological assay of antibiotics. Composition** Ingredients Gms / Litre Peptic digest of animal tissue (Peptone) 5.000 Beef extract 1.500 Yeast extract 1.500 Dextrose 1.000 Sodium chloride 3.500 Dipotassium phosphate 3.680 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.320 Final pH ( at 25°C) 7.0±0.2 **Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters Directions Suspend 17.5 grams in 1000 ml distilled water. Heat if necessary to dissolve the medium completely. Sterilize by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121°C) for 15 minutes. Advice:Recommended for the Microbiological assay of Amikacin, Bacitracin, Capreomycin, Chlortetracycline,Chloramphenicol,Cycloserine,Demeclocycline,Dihydrostreptomycin, Doxycycline, Gentamicin, Gramicidin, Kanamycin, Methacycline, Neomycin, Novobiocin, Oxytetracycline, Rolitetracycline, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Tobramycin, Trolendomycin and Tylosin according to official methods . Principle And Interpretation Antibiotic Assay Medium is used in the performance of antibiotic assays. Grove and Randall have elucidated those antibiotic assays and media in their comprehensive treatise on antibiotic assays (1). Antibiotic Assay Medium No. 3 (Assay Broth) is used in the microbiological assay of different antibiotics in pharmaceutical and food products by the turbidimetric method. Ripperre et al reported that turbidimetric methods for determining the potency of antibiotics are inherently more accurate and more precise than agar diffusion procedures (2). Turbidimetric antibiotic assay is based on the change or inhibition of growth of a test microorganims in a liquid medium containing a uniform concentration of an antibiotic. After incubation of the test organism in the working dilutions of the antibiotics, the amount of growth is determined by measuring the light transmittance using spectrophotometer.
    [Show full text]
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidance
    Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidance Federal Bureau of Prisons Clinical Practice Guidelines March 2013 Clinical guidelines are made available to the public for informational purposes only. The Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) does not warrant these guidelines for any other purpose, and assumes no responsibility for any injury or damage resulting from the reliance thereof. Proper medical practice necessitates that all cases are evaluated on an individual basis and that treatment decisions are patient-specific. Consult the BOP Clinical Practice Guidelines Web page to determine the date of the most recent update to this document: http://www.bop.gov/news/medresources.jsp Federal Bureau of Prisons Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidance Clinical Practice Guidelines March 2013 Table of Contents 1. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................. 3 2. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Antimicrobial Stewardship in the BOP............................................................................................ 4 4. General Guidance for Diagnosis and Identifying Infection ............................................................. 5 Diagnosis of Specific Infections ........................................................................................................ 6 Upper Respiratory Infections (not otherwise specified) ..............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2Nd Edition) Iii
    ii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2nd edition) iii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice, 2nd edition Publisher: Companion Animal Group, Danish Veterinary Association, Peter Bangs Vej 30, 2000 Frederiksberg Authors of the guidelines: Lisbeth Rem Jessen (University of Copenhagen) Peter Damborg (University of Copenhagen) Anette Spohr (Evidensia Faxe Animal Hospital) Sandra Goericke-Pesch (University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover) Rebecca Langhorn (University of Copenhagen) Geoffrey Houser (University of Copenhagen) Jakob Willesen (University of Copenhagen) Mette Schjærff (University of Copenhagen) Thomas Eriksen (University of Copenhagen) Tina Møller Sørensen (University of Copenhagen) Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen (DTU-VET) Flemming Obling (Greve) Luca Guardabassi (University of Copenhagen) Reproduction of extracts from these guidelines is only permitted in accordance with the agreement between the Ministry of Education and Copy-Dan. Danish copyright law restricts all other use without written permission of the publisher. Exception is granted for short excerpts for review purposes. iv Foreword The first edition of the Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice was published in autumn of 2012. The aim of the guidelines was to prevent increased antibiotic resistance. A questionnaire circulated to Danish veterinarians in 2015 (Jessen et al., DVT 10, 2016) indicated that the guidelines were well received, and particularly that active users had followed the recommendations. Despite a positive reception and the results of this survey, the actual quantity of antibiotics used is probably a better indicator of the effect of the first guidelines. Chapter two of these updated guidelines therefore details the pattern of developments in antibiotic use, as reported in DANMAP 2016 (www.danmap.org).
    [Show full text]
  • Aminoglycosides for Intra-Abdominal Infection: Equal to the Challenge? John A
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by VCU Scholars Compass Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Publications from the Office of the Dean Office of the Dean 2004 Aminoglycosides for Intra-Abdominal Infection: Equal to the Challenge? John A. Bailey Saint Louis University Katherine S. Virgo Saint Louis University Joseph T. DiPiro Virginia Commonwealth University, University of Georgia, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/pharmacy_dean_pubs Part of the Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons This is a copy of an article published in Surgical Infections © 2004 copyright Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.; Surgical Infections is available online at: http://online.liebertpub.com. Downloaded from http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/pharmacy_dean_pubs/13 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of the Dean at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications from the Office of the Dean by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors John A. Bailey, Katherine S. Virgo, Joseph T. DiPiro, Avery B. Nathens, Robert G. Sawyer, and John E. Mazuski This article is available at VCU Scholars Compass: http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/pharmacy_dean_pubs/13 SURGICAL INFECTIONS Volume 3, Number 4, 2002 © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Aminoglycosides for Intra-Abdominal Infection: Equal to the Challenge? JEFFREY A. BAILEY, 1 KATHERINE S. VIRGO, 1 JOSEPH T. D IPIRO,2 AVERY B. NATHENS, 3 ROBERT G. SAWYER, 4 and JOHN E.
    [Show full text]
  • Automated Hilic-MS/MS Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics and Vancomycin
    Automated HILiC-MS/MS Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics and Vancomycin Mikaël LEVI1, Daisuke KAWAKAMI2, Jun WATANABE1 1 SHIMADZU Corporation, MS Business Unit, Kyoto, Japan; 2 SHIMADZU Corporation, Clinical & Biotechnology Business Unit, Kyoto, Japan Area Ratio Area Ratio y = 0.005292846x² + 0.04278182x - 0.004441359 y = 0.001371438x² + 0.02132510x + 0.00002051234 6.0 4.50 1. Introduction R² = 0.9974212 R = 0.9987098 R² = 0.9990104 R = 0.9995051 4.25 5.5 Curve Fit: Default (Quadratic) Curve Fit: Default (Quadratic) Weighting: 1/C 4.00 Weighting: Default (1/C^2) Zero: Default (Not Forced) Zero: Default (Not Forced) 5.0 3.75 3.50 4.5 Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used for treatment of severe infections, especially in the case of Arbekacin 3.25 Kanamycin 4.0 3.00 2.75 3.5 Gram-negative bacilli infection. However, aminoglycosides have narrow therapeutic indexes due to 2.50 3.0 2.25 2.00 2.5 their nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the benefit of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for aminoglycoside 1.75 2.0 1.50 1.25 1.5 has been well-established. Vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, often used with aminoglycosides 1.00 1.0 0.75 0.50 0.5 because of their synergism, is also nephrotoxic and need to be monitored as well. 0.25 0.0 0.00 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 32.5 35.0 37.5 40.0 42.5 45.0 47.5 50.0 Conc.Ratio (mg/L) Conc.Ratio (mg/L) While LC-MS/MS is now considered as the gold standard method for TDM, many clinical laboratories Area Ratio Area Ratio 13 y = 0.0003193042x² + 0.2404682x - 0.001638089 y = 0.00002521235x² + 0.01160575x - 0.0007537159 R² = 0.9995769 R = 0.9997884 0.65 R² = 0.9997885 R = 0.9998942 12 Curve Fit: Default (Quadratic) 0.60 Curve Fit: Quadratic still use immunoassays.
    [Show full text]
  • Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy for Children with Cystic Fibrosis
    Empirical antimicrobial therapy for children with Cystic Fibrosis Document ID CHQ-GDL-01073 Version no. 2.0 Approval date 17/12/2020 Executive sponsor Executive Director of Medical Services Effective date 17/12/2020 Director Respiratory Medicine Review date 17/12/2022 Author/custodian Director Infection Management and Prevention Service, Immunology and Rheumatology Supersedes 1.1 Applicable to All Children’s Health Queensland staff Authorisation Executive Director Clinical Services (QCH) Purpose This guideline provides Children’s Health Queensland (CHQ) recommendations for empirical antimicrobial therapy for children with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), for inpatient and outpatient management. Scope This guideline provides information for CHQ staff caring for paediatric CF patients. Related documents Procedures, Guidelines, Protocols • CHQ Paediatric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring – Tobramycin/Gentamicin • CHQ Paediatric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - Vancomycin • CHQ@Home Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Prescribing, Administration and monitoring guideline • CHQ-PROC-01036 Antimicrobial: Prescribing, Management and Stewardship and CHQ Antimicrobial Restriction list • CHQ-PROC-63223 Management of patients with cystic fibrosis • CHQ-GDL-01061 Immunisation Guideline for Medically at Risk Children • CHQ-GDL-01076 Paediatric antibiotic allergy assessment, testing and de-labelling • CHQ-GDL-70047 Clinical guidelines for the care of children and adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis - Volume 1: Respiratory Care Guideline Empirical antimicrobial therapy
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis of Netilmicin and Apramycin Derivatives for the Rt Eatment of Multidrug- Resistant Infectious Diseases Amr Sayed Motawi Sonousi Wayne State University
    Wayne State University Wayne State University Dissertations 1-1-2017 Synthesis Of Netilmicin And Apramycin Derivatives For The rT eatment Of Multidrug- Resistant Infectious Diseases Amr Sayed Motawi Sonousi Wayne State University, Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Sonousi, Amr Sayed Motawi, "Synthesis Of Netilmicin And Apramycin Derivatives For The rT eatment Of Multidrug-Resistant Infectious Diseases" (2017). Wayne State University Dissertations. 1880. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/1880 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wayne State University Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. SYNTHESIS OF NETILMICIN AND APRAMYCIN DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT INFECTIOUS DISEASES by AMR SONOUSI DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2017 MAJOR: CHEMISTRY (Organic) Approved By: Advisor Date DEDICATION I dedicate my PhD work to my parents Sayed Sonousi and Hoda Fayed for nursing me with affection and love and for their dedicated partnership for success in my life. I also dedicate my work to my wife Tasnim Kandeel for her endless love and support for me throughout the process. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to express my utmost appreciation to my advisor, Professor David Crich, for his endless patience, brilliant guidance, continuous encouragement, and constant support during the past five years of my Ph.D. studies. His passion and dedication for science will always be my example to follow.
    [Show full text]
  • WHO Report on Surveillance of Antibiotic Consumption: 2016-2018 Early Implementation ISBN 978-92-4-151488-0 © World Health Organization 2018 Some Rights Reserved
    WHO Report on Surveillance of Antibiotic Consumption 2016-2018 Early implementation WHO Report on Surveillance of Antibiotic Consumption 2016 - 2018 Early implementation WHO report on surveillance of antibiotic consumption: 2016-2018 early implementation ISBN 978-92-4-151488-0 © World Health Organization 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non- commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation. WHO report on surveillance of antibiotic consumption: 2016-2018 early implementation. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.
    [Show full text]
  • Third ESVAC Report
    Sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents in 25 EU/EEA countries in 2011 Third ESVAC report An agency of the European Union The mission of the European Medicines Agency is to foster scientific excellence in the evaluation and supervision of medicines, for the benefit of public and animal health. Legal role Guiding principles The European Medicines Agency is the European Union • We are strongly committed to public and animal (EU) body responsible for coordinating the existing health. scientific resources put at its disposal by Member States • We make independent recommendations based on for the evaluation, supervision and pharmacovigilance scientific evidence, using state-of-the-art knowledge of medicinal products. and expertise in our field. • We support research and innovation to stimulate the The Agency provides the Member States and the development of better medicines. institutions of the EU the best-possible scientific advice on any question relating to the evaluation of the quality, • We value the contribution of our partners and stake- safety and efficacy of medicinal products for human or holders to our work. veterinary use referred to it in accordance with the • We assure continual improvement of our processes provisions of EU legislation relating to medicinal prod- and procedures, in accordance with recognised quality ucts. standards. • We adhere to high standards of professional and Principal activities personal integrity. Working with the Member States and the European • We communicate in an open, transparent manner Commission as partners in a European medicines with all of our partners, stakeholders and colleagues. network, the European Medicines Agency: • We promote the well-being, motivation and ongoing professional development of every member of the • provides independent, science-based recommenda- Agency.
    [Show full text]