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Farming and Forestry Proceedings of a Conference Held at Loughborough University 26-28 Sept 86

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Farming and Forestry Proceedings of a Conference Held at Loughborough University 26-28 Sept 86 a Forestry Commission Occasional Paper 17 Farming and Forestry Proceedings of a Conference held at Loughborough University 26-28 Sept 86 Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group Institute of Chartered Foresters Royal Agricultural Society of England Timber Growers (UK) Ltd in association with Forestry Commission Agricultural Development and Advisory Service Forestry Commission ARCHIVE FARMING AND FORESTRY Proceedings of a Conference held at Loughborough University 26-28 September 1986 Edited by G R Hatfield, BSc (For), MIC For, ARICS Land Use Planning Officer, Forestry Commission Conference Organised by Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group Institute of Chartered Foresters Royal Agricultural Society of England Timber Growers (UK) Ltd In Association with Agricultural Development and Advisory Service Forestry Commission © Crown Copyright 1988 First published 1988 ISBN 0 85538 219 8 ODC 913 : 26 : (410) Keywords: Farm Forestry, Forestry, Land Use Enquiries relating to this publication should be addressed to the Technical Publications Officer, Forestry Commission, Forest Research Station, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey GU10 4LH Contents 1. Foreword 2. Introduction 3. Keynote Speech - E J G Smith, Deputy Secretary, Land and Resources, MAFF SESSIO N I 4. Prospects for Agriculture — Chairman, D Scott, Royal Agricultural Society of England a. The CAP, Changes in Land Use and Land Availability — C W Capstick, Director, Economics and Statistics, MAFF. b. Forestry: Always on the Land Left to Cain — Dr M Bell, ESRC/NERC joint research fellow. c. Land Use Changes up to the Year 2000 — D A H Brown, Laurence Gould Consultants Ltd. d. Land Availability for Future Afforestation — D Taylor, John Clegg & Co. e. D iscussion. f. How These Changes will Affect the Farmer — G Sturdy, Vice-Chairman, NFU Parliamentary Committee. g. Discussion h. Environmental Factors i. — D E Randall, Past President, The Landscape Institute. ii. The Implications for Birds of Farm Woodland Expansion — J H Andrews, Chief Advisory Officer, RSPB. i. D iscussion SE SSIO N II 5. Forestry Options — Chairman, R T Bradley, Forestry Commission a. In the Uplands: i. The Interaction of Farming and Forestry — Dr W E S Mutch, Edinburgh University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources. ii. Optimum Allocation of Land between the Farming and Forestry Enterprises — A R Sibbald and J Eadie, Hill Farming Research Organisation. b. Discussion c. In the Lowlands: i. Bringing Woods into Positive Management, and the Scope for Afforestation — P Downing and O Brandon, Dartington Institute. Page No ii. The Economic Values of Managing Farm Woodland for Game — I McCall, The Game Conservancy. 91 d. Agroforestry and Growing Wood for Energy — T C Booth, Forestry Commission. 95 e. Discussion 101 SESSION III 6. Incentives, Mechanisms and Motivation — Chairman, The Lord Clinton, RASE a. Grants and Fiscal Incentives i. M A F F — N T Beard, MAFF. 104 ii. The Role of the Countryside Commission and Local Government — M Taylor, Countryside Commission. 113 iii. Forestry Com m ission — G R Hatfield, Forestry Commission. 121 b. Motivation: What Farmers Want — S Gourlay, President, NFU. 125 c. Raising Money from Private Sources: Joint Ventures — L L Yuli, Economic Forestry Group. 129 d. Discussion 133 7. Address to the Conference Dinner — John Mackay, MP, Under Secretary of State, Scottish Office 136 SE SSIO N IV 8. Markets, Marketing and Advice — Chairman, Dallas Mithen, Institute of Chartered Foresters a. Advice — Agriculture i. DAW Alexander, MAFF. 138 ii. R J Stirling-Aird, Savills. — Forestry 141 i. A A Rowan, Forestry Commission. 143 ii. G V D arrah, Forestry C onsultant. — Environment 145 i. E S Carter, Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group (FWAG). 147 ii. A J Sandels, Fountain Forestry. 149 b. The Farmers Reaction — R Bloomfield, Farmer. 151 c. Discussion 152 d. Marketing your Timber — G L Venables, Henry Venables Ltd. 155 e. Adding Value to Low Grade Timber — B Porter, W oodland Owner. 160 f. Joint Tenders — G J Francis, Forestry Commission. 162 g- Discussion 165 Foreword In September 1986, when this conference was held at Loughborough University the first cold draughts of impending change had begun to disturb the system of agricultural funding founded on the Common Agricultural Policy. It is perhaps a measure of the crisis facing EEC Governments, and indicates how seriously the need to solve the problems of over-production of agricultural products is being treated, that now only 18 months after the Loughborough Farming and Forestry Conference enabling legislation for a Farm Woodland Scheme is under consideration in Parliament. Even more impressive has been the way in which farmers have begun to listen seriously to what foresters have to offer. There can be few farmers in Britain who have not at least thought about the possibilities of improving the management of their farm woodland or establishing new woodland and the thirst for information and demand for solid professional advice is growing rapidly. The conference was organised as a result of a joint initiative by the National Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group and the Institute of Chartered Foresters. It set the scene for a period of unprecedented co-operation between the farming and forestry industries at all levels. This collection of papers given at Loughborough provides a baseline against which the developments of the last year may be assessed. Most successful conferences owe their success to dedicated organisers working away behind the scenes, usually with few thanks and no reward, other than the success of their efforts. We owe a debt of gratitude to the staff of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, who handled the administration and Loughborough University whose splendid conference facilities and accommodation helped us to concentrate upon the true purpose of our meeting. The financial support of the Scottish Forestry Trust is gratefully acknowledged. The steering group for the Conference was:- Eric Carter Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group. Nick Beard Agricultural Development and Advisory Service. Geoff Hatfield Forestry Commission Peter Watkins Royal Agricultural Society of England Ronnie Williams Timber Growers UK. Pat Winchester Institute of Chartered Foresters 1 Introduction The Farming and Forestry Conference at Loughborough University in September 1986 was held as a result of the dual realisation that something needed to be done, and soon, to cut back and bring under control the over-production of key agricultural products, and secondly that farm woodlands provided one of the few realistic alternatives. The farming and forestry industries have both developed with a degree of technological innovation, productivity and efficiency that many other industries would do well to follow, but in the main each has developed independently of the other. Moreover, since both industries are primary land users there has even been a degree of wary distrust as each has regarded the other as a competitor for the land both need. Integration and rational land use planning have only developed gradually over the years. The conference brought together the disciplines of farming and forestry to discuss the opportunities which farm forestry might offer towards solving the problems increasingly besetting agriculture; and for the foresters the contribution the forestry industry might make. Attention was focussed particularly on the potential contribution of farm forestry to agrlcultual enterprises, but also upon the alternative of transferring farm land to the forestry sector. In addition the mechanisms which would be required to encourage farmers to become Involved in farm forestry were discussed. The papers commissioned were Intended to reflect the wide range of research data and expertise available, with a view to encouraging greater co-ordination amongst those concerned. They are presented here, together with a record of the discussion, as an anthology of background information which can be used to inform further debate, and to place subsequent policy developments in perspective. From the outset, the sessional debates revealed very considerable differences of perception, both between forestry and farming interests and between the various research programmes presented. This demonstrated an immediate need for greater Information exchange, better co-ordination between the agencies Involved and a consistent database on which to found analysis. Whilst it was generally agreed that a proportion of land will move out of agricultural production, opinions as to the scale, location and nature of this trend differed according to the assumptions adopted. The approach to agricultural surpluses adopted by the E IC was acknowledged as a key factor. Nor would surplus land automatically be available or attractive for afforestation; farm woodlands are, of course, only one of the options available. Developments were thus considered likely to be several rather than singular. The expectation of an extension of forestry on farms has been confirmed by the announcement, since the conference, of the Government’s proposals for alternative land use, including the Farm Woodland Scheme. Enabling legislation for this in the form of clause 2 of the Farm Land and Rural Development Bill is now under consideration in Parliament, with a view to establishment of the scheme in time for the 1988/89 planting season. The central feature is annual payments to farmers over a period of 20-40 years in lieu of the agricultural income previously generated by the land planted,
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