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Annual Conference PROCEEDINGS 2017 49th AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ZOO VETERINARIANS Annual Conference Frisco, Texas USA September 23-29, 2017 CHARLOTTE KIRK BAER PROCEEDINGS EDITOR CONTINUING EDUCATION Continuing education sponsored by the American College of Zoological Medicine. DISCLAIMER The information appearing in this publication comes exclusively from the authors and contributors identified in each manuscript. The techniques and procedures presented reflect the individual knowledge, experience, and personal views of the authors and contributors. The information presented does not incorporate all known techniques and procedures and is not exclusive. Other procedures, techniques, and technology might also be available. Any questions or requests for additional information concerning any of the manuscripts should be addressed directly to the authors. The sponsoring associations of this conference and resulting publication have not undertaken direct research or formal review to verify the information contained in this publication. Opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the host associations. The associations are not responsible for errors or for opinions expressed in this publication. The host associations expressly disclaim any warranties or guarantees, expressed or implied, and shall not be liable for damages of any kind in connection with the material, information, techniques, or procedures set forth in this publication. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ZOO VETERINARIANS “Dedicated to wildlife health and conservation” 581705 White Oak Road Yulee, Florida, 32097 904-225-3275 Fax 904-225-3289 Howdy!.... …and welcome to the Wild West! Everything is bigger in Texas and the 49th AAZV Annual Conference in Frisco will be no exception. The American Association of Zoo Veterinarians continues to grow as an organization and we expect participation at this year’s conference to be high once again. In addition to our growing membership, we will be meeting concurrently with several of our partners, including those that are joining us on a round-up for the very first time (American Association of Fish Veterinarians), those that have seen a few more miles of dust and cactus (Association of Exotic Mammal Veterinarians), and those that have been on the trail with us for as long as we can remember (Nutrition Advisory Group and Association of Amphibian and Reptile Veterinarians). We are happy to share a campfire with all of you and are just as excited about swapping ghost stories as we are hearing everyone’s formal presentations. As many of you know, this ain’t my first rodeo. I attended my first AAZV conference twenty-one years ago in the sunny beachside town of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. There wasn’t a wall separating our organization from others then…. and there isn’t one now. Instead of creating barriers to international zoo medicine, I’m happy to see that we’ve spent the last two decades breaking them down. In addition to meeting concurrently with like-minded folks, we’ve also developed stronger collaborations with the European Association of Zoo and Wildlife Veterinarians, the Latin American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians and other colleagues around the world. We welcome each and every one of you that have travelled to the Dallas area to join us for an exceptional meeting. There are many hard-working people to thank for putting together another great conference: our Scientific Program Committee, including Susie Bartlett, Allison Tuttle, Kristen Phair, Sam Rivera, and Alicia Hahn; our Executive Director’s Office, including Rob Hilsenroth, Adine Nicholson, and Kathy Nemaric; and our local host, including Chris Bonar and his team at the Dallas Zoo. As well as our co-host, Ashley Barratclough and her team at the Dallas World Aquarium. Thanks are also due to your AAZV Executive Committee and leadership of our AAZV committees who are providing the vision and effort to carry this organization into the future. I’m fixin’ to have a great time and hope that all y’all are too. In addition, I sincerely hope that everyone who attends will renew their drive to make a meaningful difference for wildlife. If you’re not having fun and aren’t making a difference, then you’re missing the point -- we’re part of one of the greatest professions out there and we have an opportunity to make an impact each and every day. Have a great conference! R. Scott Larsen President, American Association of Zoo Veterinarians AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ZOO VETERINARIANS “Dedicated to wildlife health and conservation” 581705 White Oak Road Yulee, Florida, 32097 904-225-3275 Fax 904-225-3289 Dear Colleagues and Friends, On behalf of the Scientific Program Committee, welcome to Dallas for the 49th annual AAZV conference! The Scientific Program Committee strives to provide you with the very best opportunities for continuing education. We recruit experts from the field to provide high quality workshops to allow you to refine your skills or learn about topics with which you are less familiar. We have worked in conjunction with our wonderful hosts at the Dallas Zoo, Drs. Jan Raines, Chris Bonar, Lynn Kramer, and Maren Connolly, to provide some special opportunities including megavertebrate medicine, avian orthopedics, marine mammal anesthesia, and comparative ophthalmology. We are excited to offer these opportunities and hope you will find them helpful in your practice. Throughout the week, we are also honored to have invited speakers provide us with several longer talks in their area of expertise. Topics will include emerging diseases in reptiles, invertebrate pharmacology, caring for elephants in Southeast Asia, and how the veterinary feed directive will impact our work as zoo veterinarians. We will finish the week with three masterclasses on Friday. Through these classes we hope to strengthen our knowledge of reptile pathology, understand the underlying principles and applications of acute phase protein testing, and the use of stem cell therapy in equines. We are also pleased to offer continued training in leadership, with a workshop on Friday morning. The majority of the program, however, relies on the contributions you have made. It is your commitment to sharing the knowledge you have gained through research and through practicing your craft that makes the program so valuable. The oral presentations and posters that you contribute allow us all to benefit and advance the care of our captive zoological animals and wildlife. We thank the American College of Zoological Medicine for certifying the continuing education credit, which includes 23.6 credit hours for the program and 20 credit hours for workshops. We encourage you to provide the SPC with feedback on the content of the conference. Suggestions of topics to cover, speakers to invite, and thoughts on how to make the conference better are always welcomed. Please remember to fill out the online survey to provide feedback, and we invite you to contact us directly to discuss any suggestions in more depth. Finally, the Committee would like to thank the members of the AAZV office of the Executive Director, including Rob Hilsenroth, Adine Nicholson, Julie Fazlollah, and Kathy Nemaric for their amazing work helping to organize and execute the conference. Enjoy the conference, enjoy Dallas, and enjoy spending the week with colleagues and friends! Best regards, Susie Bartlett, DVM, Dipl. ACZM Chair, AAZV Scientific Program Committee Associate Veterinarian, Wildlife Conservation Society American Association of Zoo Veterinarians 2017 Scientific Program Committee SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIR Susie Bartlett SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE VICE-CHAIR Allison Tuttle AAZV PRESIDENT R. Scott Larsen AAZV PRESIDENT-ELECT Mike Adkesson AAZV VICE PRESIDENT Julie Napier PROGRAM CHAIR Kristen Phair WORKSHOP COORDINATOR Sam Rivera WORKSHOP ASSISTANT COOORDINATOR Alicia Hahn 2017 LOCAL HOST Dallas Zoo Chris Bonar CONTENTS PROGRAM CHAIR: Kristen Phair ANESTHESIA Julie Swenson and Lauren Howard, Chairpersons WHAT YOU SEE IS NOT WHAT YOU GET: ACCURACY OF NONINVASIVE ANESTHETIC MONITORING IN THE ANESTHETIZED GIRAFFE (Giraffa camelopardalis) Mads F. Bertelsen,* Carsten Grøndahl, G. Frik Stegman, Cathrine D. Sauer, Niels H. Secher, J. Michael Hasenkam, Mads Damkjær, Christian Aalkjaer, and Tobias Wang ........................................... 1 INTRAVENOUS ANESTHESIA PROTOCOLS IN GREAT APES Shannon T. Ferrell,* Nancy P. Lung, Eric J. Darrow, and Annajane Marlar ............................................. 2 COMPARISON OF A GUAIFENESIN, KETAMINE, AND MEDETOMIDINE CONSTANT-RATE INFUSION WITH ISOFLURANE GAS FOR ANESTHESIA MAINTENANCE IN AMERICAN BLACK BEARS (Ursus americanus) Kendra L. Bauer,* Jessica L. Siegal-Willott, Lee-Ann C. Hayek, Nicole M. Luensman, Tangara N. Cross, Jaime L. Sajecki, and David L. McRuer ......................................................................... 3 MICROBIAL INTEGRITY STUDY OF PRESERVATIVE-FREE ALFAXALONE (ALFAXAN) IN A MULTI-USE SYSTEM WITH TWO STORAGE CONDITIONS AND THREE HANDLING TECHNIQUES Michelle C. Whitehead,* Gigi Davidson, Chelsey Vanetten, Megan Jacob, and Tara M. Harrison............ 4 PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION OF ALFAXALONE IN PEAFOWL (Pavo cristatus) Amanda C. Morphet,* Kayla Hasse, Daniel L. Gustafson, Eric Klaphake, and Matthew Johnston ............ 6 2017 49th AAZV Annual Conference Proceedings vii COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MEDETOMIDINE-KETAMINE TO A NOVEL MEDETOMIDINE-AZAPERONE-ALFAXALONE
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