Aproximació a La Diversitat De Microorganismes
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Dynamics of Soil Bacterial Communities in Response to Repeated Application of Manure Containing Sulfadiazine
Dynamics of Soil Bacterial Communities in Response to Repeated Application of Manure Containing Sulfadiazine Guo-Chun Ding1, Viviane Radl2, Brigitte Schloter-Hai2, Sven Jechalke1, Holger Heuer1, Kornelia Smalla1*, Michael Schloter2 1 Julius Ku¨hn-Institut - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany, 2 Helmholtz Zentrum Mu¨nchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Neuherberg, Germany Abstract Large amounts of manure have been applied to arable soils as fertilizer worldwide. Manure is often contaminated with veterinary antibiotics which enter the soil together with antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, little information is available regarding the main responders of bacterial communities in soil affected by repeated inputs of antibiotics via manure. In this study, a microcosm experiment was performed with two concentrations of the antibiotic sulfadiazine (SDZ) which were applied together with manure at three different time points over a period of 133 days. Samples were taken 3 and 60 days after each manure application. The effects of SDZ on soil bacterial communities were explored by barcoded pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified from total community DNA. Samples with high concentration of SDZ were analyzed on day 193 only. Repeated inputs of SDZ, especially at a high concentration, caused pronounced changes in bacterial community compositions. By comparison with the initial soil, we could observe an increase of the disturbance and a decrease of the stability of soil bacterial communities as a result of SDZ manure application compared to the manure treatment without SDZ. The number of taxa significantly affected by the presence of SDZ increased with the times of manure application and was highest during the treatment with high SDZ-concentration. -
Diversity and Taxonomic Novelty of Actinobacteria Isolated from The
Diversity and taxonomic novelty of Actinobacteria isolated from the Atacama Desert and their potential to produce antibiotics Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Vorgelegt von Alvaro S. Villalobos Kiel 2018 Referent: Prof. Dr. Johannes F. Imhoff Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Ute Hentschel Humeida Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: Zum Druck genehmigt: 03.12.2018 gez. Prof. Dr. Frank Kempken, Dekan Table of contents Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Zusammenfassung ............................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Geological and climatic background of Atacama Desert ............................................................. 3 Microbiology of Atacama Desert ................................................................................................. 5 Natural products from Atacama Desert ........................................................................................ 9 References .................................................................................................................................. 12 Aim of the thesis ........................................................................................................................... -
Microbacterium Flavum Sp. Nov. and Microbacterium Lacus Sp. Nov
Actinomycetologica (2007) 21:53–58 Copyright Ó 2007 The Society for Actinomycetes Japan VOL. 21, NO. 2 Microbacterium flavum sp. nov. and Microbacterium lacus sp. nov., isolated from marine environments. Akiko Kageyama1, Yoko Takahashi1Ã, Yoshihide Matsuo2, Kyoko Adachi2, Hiroaki Kasai2, Yoshikazu Shizuri2 and Satoshi O¯ mura1;3 1Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan. 2Marine Biotechnology Institute, 3-75-1 Heita, Kamaishi, Iwate 026-0001, Japan. 3The Kitasato Institute, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan. (Received Feb. 21, 2007 / Accepted Jul. 9, 2007 / Published Sep. 10, 2007) Strains YM18-098T and A5E-52T were both Gram-positive, aerobic, irregular rod-shaped bacteria, with lysine and ornithine as the diagnostic diamino acids of their peptidoglycans, respectively. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan in both cases was N-glycolyl. The major menaquinones were MK-11, -12 and -13. Mycolic acids were not detected. The G+C content of the DNA was 69–70 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA studies revealed that the isolates belonged to the genus Microbacterium, that YM18-098T was closely related to the species Microbacterium lacticum and Microbacterium schleiferi, and that A5E-52T was closely related to the species Microbacterium aurum, Microbacterium aoyamense, Microbacterium deminutum and Microbacterium pumilum. DNA-DNA relatedness analysis showed that the isolated strains represented two separate genomic species. Based on both phenotypic and genotypic data, the following new species of the genus Microbacterium are proposed: Microbacterium flavum sp. nov. and Microbacterium lacus sp. nov., with the type strains YM18-098T (= MBIC08278T, DSM 18909T) and A5E-52T (= MBIC08279T, DSM 18910T), respectively. -
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN Lehrstuhl Für Mikrobielle Ökologie Analyse Der Bakteriellen Biodiversität Von Boviner Rohmil
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN Lehrstuhl für Mikrobielle Ökologie Analyse der bakteriellen Biodiversität von boviner Rohmilch mittels kultureller und kulturunabhängiger Verfahren Franziska Thekla Breitenwieser Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Ulrich Kulozik Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Prof. Dr. Siegfried Scherer 2. Prof. Dr. Rudi F. Vogel Die Dissertation wurde am 23.03.2018 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt am 04.07.2018 angenommen. Inhaltsverzeichnis INHALTSVERZEICHNIS INHALTSVERZEICHNIS ..................................................................................................... I ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ...................................................................................................... V SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... VII ABBILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS ......................................................................................... IX TABELLENVERZEICHNIS .............................................................................................. XI ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS ..................................................................................... XIII 1. -
Tartu Ülikool Loodus- Ja Tehnoloogiateaduskond Molekulaar- Ja Rakubioloogia Instituut Geneetika Õppetool
TARTU ÜLIKOOL LOODUS- JA TEHNOLOOGIATEADUSKOND MOLEKULAAR- JA RAKUBIOLOOGIA INSTITUUT GENEETIKA ÕPPETOOL Elerin Toomik Puidujäätmete komposti mikroobikoosluse kirjeldamine Bakalaureusetöö Juhendaja Anne Menert PhD Signe Viggor PhD TARTU 2015 KASUTATUD LÜHENDID ...................................................................................................... 4 SISSEJUHATUS ........................................................................................................................ 5 KIRJANDUSE ÜLEVAADE ..................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Taimeraku kesta ehitus ..................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Lignotselluloosi komponendid ja nende lagundamine .............................................. 7 1.1.1.1 Tselluloos ja selle ensümaatiline lagundamine .................................................. 7 1.1.1.2 Hemitselluloos ja selle ensümaatiline lagundamine ......................................... 10 1.1.1.3 Ligniin ja selle ensümaatiline lagundamine ..................................................... 11 1.1.1.4 Teised taimeraku ühendid ja nende lagundamine ............................................. 16 1.2. PUIDUJÄÄTMETE KOMPOSTIMINE ....................................................................... 19 1.2.1 Kompostimise faasid ............................................................................................... 19 1.2.2 Kompostimisel olulised füüsikalis-keemilised -
Analysis of the Impact of Organic Pollutants on Marine Microbial Communities
Analysis of the impact of organic pollutants on marine microbial communities Elena Cerro Gálvez ADVERTIMENT La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del r e p o s i t o r i i n s t i t u c i o n a l UPCommons (http://upcommons.upc.edu/tesis) i el repositori cooperatiu TDX ( h t t p : / / w w w . t d x . c a t / ) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei UPCommons o TDX. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a UPCommons (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del repositorio institucional UPCommons (http://upcommons.upc.edu/tesis) y el repositorio cooperativo TDR (http://www.tdx.cat/?locale- attribute=es) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio UPCommons No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a UPCommons (framing). -
Bioprospecting the Solar Panel Microbiome: High- Throughput Screening for Antioxidant Bacteria in a Caenorhabditis Elegans Model
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/423731; this version posted September 23, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Bioprospecting the solar panel microbiome: high- throughput screening for antioxidant bacteria in a Caenorhabditis elegans model Kristie Tanner1, Patricia Martorell2, Salvador Genovés2, Daniel Ramón2, Lorenzo Zacarías3, María Jesús Rodrigo3, Juli Peretó1,4,5, Manuel Porcar*1,4 1 Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L. 2 ADM Biopolis S.L. 3 Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA) 4 Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio, University of Valencia-CSIC) 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Chen et al., 2015). In humans, chronic oxidative stress has been associated on many occasions with the initiation and Microbial communities that are exposed to sunlight progression of a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer’s typically share a series of adaptations to deal with the and cardiovascular diseases (such as hypertension and radiation they are exposed to, including efficient DNA atherosclerosis) or cancer (Chen and Zhong, 2014; repair systems, pigment production and protection Milkovic et al., 2014; Dandekar et al., 2015; Siti et al., 2015). against oxidative stress, which makes these environments good candidates for the search of novel The discovery of new antioxidants from natural sources antioxidant microorganisms. In this research project, we (i.e. plants or microorganisms) is of high interest for the isolated potential antioxidant pigmented bacteria from a pharmacological and food industries (Finley et al., 2011; dry and highly-irradiated extreme environment: solar Lin et al., 2014). -
Aplicación De Cepas De Microbacterium Spp. Productoras De
Aplicación de cepas de Microbacterium spp. productoras de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) como agentes biopesticidas y fitoestimulantes en semilleros de lechuga Trabajo Fin de Grado Departamento de Biología y Geología. Área de Microbiología. Grado en Biotecnología. Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales. Universidad de Almería. Curso 2019-2020 Autora: Laura Arbeloa Gómez Director: Joaquín Moreno Casco Codirectora: Francisca Suárez Estrella Agradecimientos En primer lugar, quiero dar las gracias a todo el área de Microbiología de la Universidad de Almería por acogerme y darme la oportunidad de realizar este trabajo y permitirme aprender con ellos cómo trabajar en un laboratorio y desarrollar un proyecto como este. Ha sido una gran experiencia poder trabajar en tan buena compañía, y no habría sido posible terminar este trabajo sin todos ellos. Especial agradecimiento a mi tutor, Joaquín Moreno Casco, por enseñarme un sinfín de cosas y transmitirme su pasión por el conocimiento. Desde que comencé el grado de Biotecnología mostró gran interés e implicación en llegar a cada alumno y ayudar en lo máximo posible, la puerta de su despacho siempre estaba abierta en caso de necesitar apoyo o consejo. A mi cotutora, Paqui Suárez Estrella, por todo el esfuerzo dedicado, sacando tiempo cuando no lo tenía, siempre dispuesta a resolverme cualquier duda. Por la orientación e implicación incluso durante la pandemia, gracias por hacerme sentir acompañada telemáticamente. Por último, pero no por ello menos importante, gracias a mi familia, a mis padres y hermana, por el apoyo económico y, sobre todo, personal. Gracias por creer en mí e insistir siempre en que estudiara lo que quisiera, sin importar que hubiera tenido que irme a la otra punta del mundo o quedarme al lado de casa. -
Maestra En Ciencias En Biología Experimental
UNIVERSIDAD MICHOACANA DE SAN NICOLÁS DE HIDALGO INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES QUIMICO-BIOLOGICAS MAESTRÍA EN CIENCIAS EN BIOLOGÍA EXPERIMENTAL FLUCTUACIÓN ESTACIONAL DE LA DIVERSIDAD MICROBIANA EN LOS MANANTIALES TERMALES DE ARARÓ, MICHOACÁN TESIS que presenta BIÓL. CRISTINA MARIANA PRIETO BARAJAS Como requisito para obtener el grado de Maestra en Ciencias en Biología Experimental Asesor: Doctor en Ciencias Dr. Gustavo Santoyo Pizano Co-asesor: Doctor en Ciencias en Biotecnología de Plantas Dr. Eduardo Valencia Cantero Enero de 2014 "Nada tiene sentido en biología si no es a la luz de la evolución" Theodosius dobzhansky Dedicatoria Tu y yo no hablamos el mismo idioma, ni entendemos con las mismas señales sin embargo, tu eres el objeto de mi fascinación, curiosidad, asombro y entrega… A ti que jamás leerás estas líneas A ti que nos albergas en tu seno A ti que no nos pides nada a cambio y nos lo das todo A ti…Tierra, a ti…Vida, a ti… A ti que día a día con tus misterios taladras nuestras mentes humanas A ti que ni el viento ni el fuego ni el agua te derrotan A ti… Agradecimientos A mi amada Madre por su apoyo incondicional, en las buenas, en las malas y en las peores siempre brindándome su amor y ejemplo, porque a pesar de la distancia tu abrigo siempre me acompaña y sin lugar a dudas mi fortaleza, para mi amada y respetada Consuelo. A Roberto por tu comprensión, amor y confianza desmesurada, por ser mi bastón en los momentos más difíciles, por ser mi confidente y mi terapeuta personal, por ser mi guía y mi igual en este difícil pero bello camino que día con día construimos juntos. -
Structural and Functional Diversity of the Diazotrophic Community in Xeric Ecosystems: Response to Nitrogen Availability
UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO BIOLOGIA VEGETAL Structural and functional diversity of the diazotrophic community in xeric ecosystems: response to nitrogen availability Carolina Cristiano de Almeida Mestrado em Microbiologia Aplicada Dissertação orientada por: Prof. Cristina Maria Nobre Sobral de Vilhena da Cruz Houghton Prof. Rogério Paulo de Andrade Tenreiro 2019 This Dissertation was fully performed at Plant Soil Ecology at cE3c under the direct co-supervision of Prof. Cristina Maria Nobre Sobral de Vilhena da Cruz Houghton Professor Rogério Paulo de Andrade Tenreiro was the internal supervisor designated in the scope of the Master in Applied Microbiology of the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation arose from the collaboration between the Plant Soil Ecology group at cE3c and the Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology at BioISI. This work would not be possible without the assistance and commitment of the individuals involved. First, I would like to express my greatest gratefulness to Professor Cristina Cruz, for the opportunity that was given to me. Thank you for the knowledge shared and for always having an enthusiastic perspective which is contagious. To Professor Rogério Tenreiro, thank you for welcoming me, for always pushing me to see further and for helping me to build more critical thinking. Thank you for all the knowledge shared with me, and for the ideas that help my work to go beyond what I thought was possible. I would also like to thank all members of the PSE group for their contribution, especially to Teresa Dias who has made possible this work with the samples used as well as every soil characteristic. -
Microbacterium Shaanxiense Sp. Nov., Isolated from the Nodule Surface of Soybean
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2015), 65, 1437–1443 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.000116 Microbacterium shaanxiense sp. nov., isolated from the nodule surface of soybean Shi Peng, Liu Dongying, Yang Bingxin, Li Mingjun and Wei Gehong Correspondence State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Wei Gehong Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China [email protected] A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive rod, designated CCNWSP60T, was isolated from the nodule surface of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivar Zhonghuang 13. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis clearly showed that the isolate belonged to the genus Microbacterium. On the basis of pairwise comparisons of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CCNWSP60T was most closely related to Microbacterium murale DSM 22178T (98.8 % similarity), Microbacterium aerolatum DSM 14217T (98.3 %), Microbacterium ginsengiterrae DSM 24823T (98.0 %) and Microbacterium profundi DSM 22239T (97.8 %). However, the DNA– DNA relatedness values of strain CCNWSP60T to M. murale DSM 22178T, M. aerolatum DSM 14217T, M. ginsengiterrae DSM 24823T and M. profundi DSM 22239T were 48 %, 43 %, 28 % and 41 %, respectively. Growth of strain CCNWSP60T occurred at 4–40 6C and at pH 5.0–9.0. The NaCl range for growth was 0–4 % (w/v). The predominant menaquinone of strain CCNWSP60T was MK-13; MK-12 was also detected. The major polar lipids were dipho- sphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified phos- pholipid. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was ornithine. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl. -
A Report of 38 Unrecorded Bacterial Species in Korea, Belonging to the Phylum Actinobacteria
Journal of Species Research 5(2):223-234, 2016 A report of 38 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria Mi-Sun Kim1, Ji-Hee Lee1, Joo-Won Kang1, Seung-Bum Kim2, Jang-Cheon Cho3, Jung-Hoon Yoon4, Ki-seong Joh5, Chang-Jun Cha6, Wan-Taek Im7, Jin-Woo Bae8, Kwang-Yeop Jahng9, Che-Ok Jeon10 and Chi-Nam Seong1,* 1Department of Biology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea 2Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea 3Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea 4Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea 5Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi 17035, Korea 6Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea 7Department of Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea 8Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea 9Department of Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 28644, Korea 10Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea *Correspondent: [email protected] As a subset work for the collection of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, 38 actinobacterial strains were isolated from various environmental samples obtained from plant root, ginseng cultivating soil, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. Each strain showed higher 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formed a robust phylogenetic clade with closest actinobacterial species which were defined and validated with nomenclature, already. There is no official description on these 38 actinobacterial species in Korea. Consequently, unrecorded 37 species of 24 genera in the 12 families belonging to the order Actinomycetales of the phylum Actinobacteria were found in Korea.