DOCSLIB.ORG

Equine Health, Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis (Ehidz)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Equine Health, Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis (Ehidz) ISSN: 2320-8694 Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences Volume 4 | Issue (Spl.4.EHIDZ)| Dec, 2016 Special Issue on: EQUINE HEALTH, INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND ZOONOSIS (EHIDZ) Lead Guest Editor Sandip Kumar Khurana Principal Scientist, National Research Centre on Equines, India – 125001 Guest Editor Amarpal Principal Scientist, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India - 243122 Yashpal S. Malik Principal Scientist, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India - 243122 Kuldeep Dhama Principal Scientist, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India - 243122 K. Karthik Assistant Professor, Tamil Nadu Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, India Minakshi Prasad Professor, College of Veterinary Sciences, India - 125001 Production and Hosting by Horizon Publisher India [HPI] (http://www.horizonpublisherindia.in/). All rights reserved. JEBAS ISSN No. 2320 – 8694 Peer Reviewed - open access journal Common Creative Licence - NC 4.0 Volume No – 4 Issue No – Spl-4-EHIDZ December, 2016 Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences (JEBAS) is an online platform for the advancement and rapid dissemination of scientific knowledge generated by the highly motivated researchers in the field of biological sciences. JEBAS publishes high-quality original research and critical up-to-date review articles covering all the aspects of biological sciences. Every year, it publishes six issues. The JEBAS is an open access journal. Anyone interested can download full text PDF without any registration. JEBAS has been accepted by EMERGING SOURCES CITATION INDEX (Thomson Reuters – Web of Science database), DOAJ, CABI, INDEX COPERNICUS INTERNATIONAL (Poland), AGRICOLA (USA), CAS (ACS, USA), CABI – Full Text (UK), AGORA (FAO-UN), OARE (UNEP), HINARI (WHO), J gate, EIJASR, DRIJ and Indian Science Abstracts (ISA, NISCAIR) like well reputed indexing database. [HORIZON PUBLISHER INDIA [HPI] http://www.horizonpublisherindia.in/] JEBAS Technical Editors Dr. M K Meghvansi Scientist D Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, India E mail: [email protected] Dr. B L Yadav Head – Botany, MLV Govt. College, Bhilwara, India E mail: [email protected] Dr. Yashpal S. Malik ICAR-National Fellow, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Izatnagar 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India E mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Dr. K L Meena Lecturer – Botany, MLV Govt. College, Bhilwara, India E mail: [email protected] Er. Gautam Kumar Room No – 4302, Computer Center – II, IIIT-A E mail: [email protected] Dr. A. K. Srivastava Principal Scientist (Soil Science), National Research Center For Citrus A Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Email: [email protected] Dr. Neeraj Associate Professor and Head, Department of Botany Feroze Gandhi College, RaeBareli, UP, India Dr.Md.Moin Ansari Associate Professor-cum-Senior Scientist, Division of Surgery and Radiology Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India JEBAS Associate Editors Dr Biswanath Maity Carver College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology University of Iowa – Iowa, City, USA Email: [email protected] Wu Yao Senior Manager, China Development Bank, ChaoYang District Beijing, China Email: [email protected] Auguste Emmanuel ISSALI Forestry Engineer, Head - Coconut Breeding Department at Marc Delorme Coconut Research Station, Port Bouet, Côte d’Ivoire, Regional Coordinator -COGENT Email: [email protected] Dr. Omoanghe S. Isikhuemhen Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA Email: [email protected] Dr. Vincenzo Tufarelli Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, s.p. Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy Email: [email protected] Dr. Sunil K. Joshi Laboratory Head, Cellular Immunology Investigator, Frank Reidy Research Center of Bioelectrics, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, IRP-2, Suite # 300, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA Email: [email protected] JEBAS Assistant Editors Dr A K Trivedi Senior Scientist (Plant Physiology), National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Nainital (Uttarakhand) INDIA – 263 132 E mail: [email protected] Rajnish Kumar Room No – 4302 (Biomedical Informatics Lab), Computer center – II, IIIT-A, Allahabad E mail: [email protected] Dr. Bilal Ahmad Mir Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, South Africa-0002 E mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Dr. Amit Kumar Jaiswal School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 1, Ireland E mail: [email protected] Dr. Gurudayal Ram Assistant Professor Jacob School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (JSBB), Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences(SHIATS), Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh – 211007 Rajveer Singh Chauhan Division of Phycology, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, INDIA E-mail: [email protected] Y. Norma-Rashid (Norma Yusoff) Professor Institute of Biological Sciences – Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA E-mail: [email protected] Dr.Peiman Zandi Department of Agronomy, I.A.University, Takestan branch,Takestan,Iran E-mail: [email protected] Dr. Oadi Najim Ismail Matny Assistant Professor – Plant pathology, Department of Plant Protection College Of Agriculture Science, University Of Baghdad, Iraq E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Dr. Girijesh K. Patel Post Doc Fellow, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mitchell Cancer Institute University of South Alabama, USA E-mail: [email protected] Dr Anurag Aggarwal MD, DA, PDCC (Neuroanesthesia and Intensive Care), India E-mail: [email protected] Dr Ayman EL Sabagh Assistant professor, agronomy department, faculty of agriculture kafresheikh university, Egypt JEBAS From the Desk of Guest Editors _____________________________________________________________________________ Dear Authors, Equines include horses, donkeys, mules, zebra, and their hybrids. The utility of equines exists for transportation, agricultural, riding, sports, racing, equestrian events, army, police services, brick kilns, companions and ceremonial purposes. Equines are very sensitive and vulnerable to infectious diseases and require very good managemental practices in comparison to other animal species. There are several existing and emerging equine pathogens having zoonotic potential, which are threat to public health. Latest information relating to equine health management and infectious diseases with emphasis on diseases prevalence, surveillance, monitoring and strategic approaches in diagnosis, prevention, control and treatment of equine infectious diseases and their zoonotic aspects, is essentially required. Novel molecular diagnostics techniques, development of improved therapeutics and immunomodulatory strategies, vaccines and package of practices for prevention, control and eradication of infectious diseases are relevant today for effective prevention and control of equine infectious diseases. This issue is aimed for the benefit of equine veterinarians, equine researchers, other equine health care specialists and all other professionals and persons related with animal health in general. This special issue is published with nine articles including eight review articles and one research article. The review on ‚Leptospirosis in horses: special reference to equine recurrent uveitis‛ provides an insight in to Leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonotic disease affecting several domestic and wild animal species. Special emphasis is on ocular and systemic manifestations in horses. The ocular manifestation of leptospirosis in equines, the equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) has been dealt in detail. Another review on ‚Emergence of equine herpes virus 1 myeloencephalopathy: A brief review‛ elaborates the nervous form of EHV1, equine herpes myeloencephalopathy (EHM). The review describes the genetics, epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, prevention and control of EHM along with host, agent and environmental factors which play a role in the development of EHM. The review on ‚Equine ocular setariasis and its management‛ enriches the knowledge regarding etiology, diagnosis and management of ocular setariasis in equine species. The common post operative complications along with their management are also discussed. The research article ‚Parasitological, biochemical and clinical observations in ponies experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi‛ describes the observations on experimentally infected ponies with Trypanosoma evansi. Serum urea, uric acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, bilirubin indirect (BID) and total bilirubin (BIT) contents increased, while albumin contents significantly decreased indicating impairment of liver and kidney functions. JEBAS The review on ‚Equine brucellosis: Review on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, prevention and control‛ describes equine brucellosis, its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs along with appropriate prevention and control strategies with special mention of two important conditions in equines namely poll evil and fistulous withers. The review on ‚Biotechnological tools for diagnosis of equine infectious diseases‛ focuses on biotechnological tools available for equine diseases diagnosis
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Epidemiology of Canine Leptospirosis in New Zealand
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CANINE LEPTOSPIROSIS IN NEW ZEALAND A thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Alison Lynne Harland 2015 I IAbstract: Leptospirosis is a disease of worldwide significance affecting dogs, livestock, and humans. It can be a severe clinical or subclinical disease, either of which contribute to shedding of leptospires in the environment. This work includes a detailed literature review of leptospirosis, the disease, and its prevention and epidemiology as it pertains to dogs worldwide and in New Zealand where the epidemiology is unique. Original work includes a nationwide sero-prevalence survey quantifying the risk of exposure for serovars Copenhageni, Hardjo and Pomona for New Zealand dogs. An additional survey of South Island farm dogs investigates the prevalence of exposure to and urinary shedding of leptospires in dogs exposed to livestock with a high prevalence of infection. This is the first study to investigate shedding of leptospires in dog urine in New Zealand, and challenges a long held perception that dogs may only serve as a maintenance host for serovar Canicola. Conclusions: Urinary shedding of Leptospira spp. was demonstrated in more than 12 (95% C.I: 5-24) % of New Zealand farm dogs. It is speculated that these dogs may be serving as maintenance hosts for a number of serovars in addition to Canicola, and may contribute to the maintenance of this disease in a farm environment, and affected dogs may be a zoonotic risk.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Invasive Surveys of Mammalian Viruses Using Environmental DNA
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.26.009993; this version posted March 29, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Title Non-invasive surveys of mammalian viruses using environmental DNA Highlights Environmental DNA (water and blood-sucking leeches) provided a non- invasive method of screening wildlife for viruses A comprehensive viral RNA oligonucleotide bait set was developed to capture known and unknown mammalian virus diversity Leech blood meal host determination and viruses identified were congruent Viruses determined from water correlated with known and observed species visiting the water sources In brief Alfano, Dayaram, et al. demonstrate that environmental DNA from southeast Asian leech bloodmeals and waterholes from Africa and Mongolia can be used as to detect viruses circulating in wildlife. These nucleic acid sources may represent an effective non-invasive resource for studying wildlife viral diversity and emerging viruses pre- emergence. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.26.009993; this version posted March 29, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Non-invasive surveys of mammalian viruses using environmental DNA Niccolo Alfano1,2*, Anisha Dayaram3,4*, Jan Axtner1, Kyriakos Tsangaras5, Marie- Louise Kampmann1,6, Azlan Mohamed1,7, Seth T.
    [Show full text]
  • Parvoviridae Hanafy .M.Madbouly Professor of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Beni-Suef University
    Parvoviridae Hanafy .M.Madbouly Professor of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Beni-Suef University Definitions of the virus causative agents of several animal diseases. are most severe in fetuses and neonates. Parvovirus infections of the fetus or newborn during organogenesis may result in developmental defects. Replication of parvovirus is restricted in hemopoietic precursors, lymphocytes, and progenitor cells of intestinal mucosa of older animals. 2/38 Definitions of the virus cause acute infections for a few days, others persist for long periods in the feces of apparently robust host immune responses. Human Parvovirus B19 replication occurs only in human erythrocyte precursors The virus is found to survive in feces and other organic material such as soil for over 10 years. It survives extremely low and high temperatures. 3/38 Physical Properties of the virus . Family: Parvoviridae with two subfamilies . Parvovirinae. (vertebrate ). has 5 genera . Densovirinae. (invertebrate). Has3 genera .non-enveloped, 25 nm in diameter .Capsid: icosahederal. .Genome ssDNA Diseases caused by parvoviruses • As of 2014, there were no known human viruses in the remaining three recognized genera: • vi) Amdoparvovirus (e.g. Aleutian mink disease virus), • vii) Aveparvovirus (e.g. chicken parvovirus) and • viii) Copiparvovirus (e.g. bovine parvovirus 2). • Mouse parvovirus 1, however, causes no symptoms but can contaminate immunology experiments in biological research laboratories. • Porcine parvovirus causes a reproductive disease in swine known as SMEDI, which stands for stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, and infertility. Diseases caused by parvoviruses • Many mammalian species sustain infection by multiple parvoviruses. • Feline panleukopenia is common in kittens and causes fever, low white blood cell count, diarrhea, and death.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence to Support Safe Return to Clinical Practice by Oral Health Professionals in Canada During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Repo
    Evidence to support safe return to clinical practice by oral health professionals in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: A report prepared for the Office of the Chief Dental Officer of Canada. November 2020 update This evidence synthesis was prepared for the Office of the Chief Dental Officer, based on a comprehensive review under contract by the following: Paul Allison, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University Raphael Freitas de Souza, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University Lilian Aboud, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University Martin Morris, Library, McGill University November 30th, 2020 1 Contents Page Introduction 3 Project goal and specific objectives 3 Methods used to identify and include relevant literature 4 Report structure 5 Summary of update report 5 Report results a) Which patients are at greater risk of the consequences of COVID-19 and so 7 consideration should be given to delaying elective in-person oral health care? b) What are the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 that oral health professionals 9 should screen for prior to providing in-person health care? c) What evidence exists to support patient scheduling, waiting and other non- treatment management measures for in-person oral health care? 10 d) What evidence exists to support the use of various forms of personal protective equipment (PPE) while providing in-person oral health care? 13 e) What evidence exists to support the decontamination and re-use of PPE? 15 f) What evidence exists concerning the provision of aerosol-generating 16 procedures (AGP) as part of in-person
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Background Entities at the Cellular and Subcellular Levels in Bodies of Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals
    The Journal of Theoretical Fimpology Volume 2, Issue 3: e-20081017-2-3-13 December 23, 2014 www.fimpology.com Evolutionary Background Entities at the Cellular and Subcellular Levels in Bodies of Nonhuman Vertebrate Animals Shu-dong Yin Cory H. E. R. & C. Inc. Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Email: [email protected] ________________________________________________________________________ Abstract During the past two decades, it has been revealed by culture-independent approaches that individual bodies of normal animals are actually inhabited by subcellular viral entities and membrane-enclosed microentities, prokaryotic bacterial and archaeal cells, and unicellular eukaryotes such as fungi and protists. And however, the relationship between animals including human beings and their environmental microentities or microorganisms reflected in such phenomenon cannot be accounted for by our traditional pathogenic recognition in human medicine and veterinary medicine. It’s well known that as one of humans’ environmental macroorganisms, some nonhuman animal species were initially concerned for their practical values in nutrition, medicine and economy, and have been studied within the scope of traditional macro-biology for a long time and that our primary interest on the microorganisms of nonhuman animals was for their potential risk of zoonotic transmission of pathogenetic bacteria and viruses from animals to humans. In recent novel evolution theories, the relationship between animals and their environments has been deciphered to be the interaction
    [Show full text]
  • International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Leptospira Minutes of Meetings, 1 and 2 July 1994, Prague, Czech Republic
    INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICBACTERIOLOGY, Oct. 1995, p. 872-874 Vol. 45. No. 4 0020-77 13/95/$04.00+ 0 International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Leptospira Minutes of Meetings, 1 and 2 July 1994, Prague, Czech Republic Minute 1. Call to order. The meeting was called to order by The subcommittee expressed general concern about the the Secretary, R. Marshall, at 0930 on 1 July 1994. The opening WHO’S lack of support. consisted of a welcoming introduction, following which R. Minute 9. Usefiklness of PCR-based strategies (MRSP and Marshall was unanimously asked to act as Chairman for the PCR} for genospecies delimitation and molecular typing. P. Pero- meeting in the absence, because of illness, of the chairman, K. lat presented a paper on the use of two PCR-based character- Yanagawa. W. Ellis accepted the job of meeting Secretary. ization methods for Leptospira reference strains and isolates. Following this meeting there were additional open meetings at Arbitrarily primed PCR generates simple and reproducible 1400 on 1 July 1994 and at 0900 on 2 July 1994. A closed fingerprints that can be used to identify leptospires at both the meeting was held at 1300 on 2 July 1994. genospecies and serovar levels and for molecular epidemiol- Minute 2. Record of attendance. The members present were ogy. Furthermore, a new PCR strategy, which is based on the R. Marshall (Secretary), B. Cacciapuoti, M. Cinco, H. Dikken, study of mapped restriction site polymorphisms (MRSP) in W. Ellis, S. Faine, E. Kmety, R. Johnson, N. Stallman, W. PCR-amplified rrs (16s rRNA) and M (23s rRNA) eubacterial Terpstra, and Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence to Support Safe Return to Clinical Practice by Oral Health Professionals in Canada During the COVID- 19 Pandemic: A
    Evidence to support safe return to clinical practice by oral health professionals in Canada during the COVID- 19 pandemic: A report prepared for the Office of the Chief Dental Officer of Canada. March 2021 update This evidence synthesis was prepared for the Office of the Chief Dental Officer, based on a comprehensive review under contract by the following: Raphael Freitas de Souza, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University Paul Allison, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University Lilian Aboud, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University Martin Morris, Library, McGill University March 31, 2021 1 Contents Evidence to support safe return to clinical practice by oral health professionals in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: A report prepared for the Office of the Chief Dental Officer of Canada. .................................................................................................................................. 1 Foreword to the second update ............................................................................................. 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5 Project goal............................................................................................................................. 5 Specific objectives .................................................................................................................. 6 Methods used to identify and include relevant literature ......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Conference 2017
    Annual Conference 2017 3–6 APRIL, EICC, EDINBURGH, UK POSTER ABSTRACT BOOK @MicrobioSoc #Microbio17 Annual Conference 2017 EICC, Edinburgh 3-6 April Posters displayed Monday to Thursday Virus Workshop: Antivirals and Vaccines Virus Workshop: Clinical Virology Network Virus Workshop: Evolution and Virus Populations Virus Workshop: Gene expression and replication Virus Workshop: Innate Immunity Virus Workshop: Morphogenesis, egress and entry Virus Workshop: Pathogenesis Annual Meeting of Protistology-UK society: Intracellular infection and endosymbiosis within protists Aquatic Microbiology Cell biology of pathogen entry into host cells Circadian Rhythms Critical health challenges in medical mycology Epigenetic and Non Coding RNAs in Eukaryotes Synthetic and Systems Biology Approaches to Microbiology Posters displayed on Monday and Tuesday Geomicrobiology Macromolecular Machines Microbial Mechanisms of Plant pathology Prokaryotic Genetics and Genomics Forum Prokaryotic Microbial Infection Forum Posters displayed on Wednesday and Thursday Anaerobes in infection Environmental and Applied Microbiology Forum Heterogeneity and Polymicrobial Interactions in Biofilms Microbial Cell Surfaces Microbial Genomics: Whole Population to Single Cell Microbial Physiology, Metabolism and Molecular Mechanisms Forum Please note: Abstracts are published as received from the authors and are not subject to editing Annual Conference 2017 EICC, Edinburgh 3-6 April Virus Workshop: Antivirals and Vaccines 1 Investigating membrane viral bending proteins in coronavirus replication. Entedar Alsaadi1, Benjamin W.Neuman1 1University of Reading, Reading, UK, 2University of Reading, Reading, UK The coronavirus envelope spike (S) glycoprotein, a class I viral fusion protein, is responsible for the fusion between the membranes of the virus and the host cell. The fusion peptide has yet to be definitively identified, but bioinformatics analysis suggests that at least part of the fusion peptide is located near the amino terminus of the S2 region of S.
    [Show full text]
  • Patogenicidad Microbiana En Medicina Veterinaria Volumen: Virología
    Patogenicidad microbiana en Medicina Veterinaria Volumen: Virología Fabiana A. Moredo, Alejandra E. Larsen, Nestor O. Stanchi (Coordinadores) FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS PATOGENICIDAD MICROBIANA EN MEDICINA VETERINARIA VOLUMEN: VIROLOGÍA Fabiana A. Moredo Alejandra E. Larsen Nestor O. Stanchi (Coordinadores) Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias 1 A nuestras familias 2 Agradecimientos Nuestro agradecimiento a todos los colegas docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y en especial a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata por darnos esta oportunidad. 3 Índice VOLUMEN 2 Virología Capítulo 1 Características generales de los virus Cecilia M. Galosi, Nadia A. Fuentealba____________________________________________6 Capítulo 2 Arterivirus Germán E. Metz y María M. Abeyá______________________________________________28 Capítulo 3 Herpesvirus Cecilia M. Galosi, María E. Bravi, Mariela R. Scrochi ________________________________37 Capítulo 4 Orthomixovirus Guillermo H. Sguazza y María E. Bravi___________________________________________49 Capítulo 5 Paramixovirus Marco A. Tizzano____________________________________________________________61 Capítulo 6 Parvovirus Nadia A Fuentealba, María S. Serena____________________________________________71 Capítulo 7 Retrovirus Carlos J. Panei, Viviana Cid de la Paz____________________________________________81 Capítulo 8 Rhabdovirus Marcelo R. Pecoraro, Leandro Picotto____________________________________________92 Capítulo 9 Togavirus María G. Echeverría, María Laura Susevich______________________________________104
    [Show full text]
  • Parvoviruses: Small Does Not Mean Simple
    VI01CH25-Tattersall ARI 20 August 2014 13:33 Parvoviruses: Small Does Not Mean Simple Susan F. Cotmore1 and Peter Tattersall1,2 Departments of 1Laboratory Medicine and 2Genetics, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, Connecticut 06510; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Virol. 2014. 1:517–37 Keywords First published online as a Review in Advance on viral diversity, limited coding capacity, dynamic protein cylinder, capsid July 9, 2014 portals, rolling hairpin replication, early virion release by 98.156.86.215 on 10/05/14. For personal use only. The Annual Review of Virology is online at virology.annualreviews.org Abstract This article’s doi: Parvoviruses are small, rugged, nonenveloped protein particles containing 10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085444 a linear, nonpermuted, single-stranded DNA genome of ∼5 kb. Their lim- Copyright c 2014 by Annual Reviews. ited coding potential requires optimal adaptation to the environment of Annual Review of Virology 2014.1:517-537. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org All rights reserved particular host cells, where entry is mediated by a variable program of cap- sid dynamics, ultimately leading to genome ejection from intact particles within the host nucleus. Genomes are amplified by a continuous unidirec- tional strand-displacement mechanism, a linear adaptation of rolling circle replication that relies on the repeated folding and unfolding of small hairpin telomeres to reorient the advancing fork. Progeny genomes are propelled by the viral helicase into the preformed capsid via a pore at one of its icosahedral fivefold axes. Here we explore how the fine-tuning of this unique replication system and the mechanics that regulate opening and closing of the capsid fivefold portals have evolved in different viral lineages to create a remarkably complex spectrum of phenotypes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice Modulates the Dna Damage Response
    THE PARVOVIRUS MINUTE VIRUS OF MICE MODULATES THE DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE TO FACILITATE VIRAL REPLICATION AND A PRE-MITOTIC CELL CYCLE BLOCK A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School At the University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy By MATTHEW S. FULLER David J. Pintel, Dissertation Supervisor May 2017 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the Dissertation entitled THE PARVOVIRUS MINUTE VIRUS OF MICE MODULATES THE DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE TO FACILITATE VIRAL REPLICATION AND A PRE-MITOTIC CELL CYCLE BLOCK Presented by Matthew S. Fuller A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Dr. David J. Pintel Dr. Dongsheng Duan Dr. Mark Hannink Dr. Christian Lorson Dr. Stefanos Sarafianos ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank David Pintel for graciously accepting me into his laboratory and patiently mentoring me for nearly six years. Hands down, without question, the single best choice I made during my entire tenure in graduate school occurred early on, when I decided to join your lab. Your patience and understanding afforded me the freedom to make and learn from my, at times quite plentiful, mistakes and to gain the confidence needed to become an independent thinker and scientist. Although demanding, and at times exceptionally challenging, your persistence and insistence of adhering to the highest standards of scientific rigor and intellectual discourse allows each of us to stand out in the scientific community and generate exceptional work and ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation
    CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARISON OF SQUAMATE DEPENDOPARVOVIRUS TYPE I TO MAMMALIAN ADENO-ASSOCIATED VIRUSES By VICTORIA E. FIELDING A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2016 © 2016 Victoria E. Fielding This work is dedicated to Trevor, my parents, Marshall, Rebekah, my grandparents, and all of the friends that have always believed in me. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my parents, Charles and Angela, and my siblings, Marshall and Rebekah, for their love and support throughout this process. My heart-felt thanks is also extended to my grandparents, who have been my biggest fans and strongest supporters throughout my scientific career. I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to my mentor, Dr. Mavis Agbandje-McKenna, for pushing me to be the best scientist that I can be, for her endless patience, and for believing in me. I would like to thank Dr. Robert McKenna for his unique constructive insight into my project, and his encouragement. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. James B. Flanegan, Dr. Joanna Long, Dr. Arun Srivastava, and Dr. Gail Fanucci, for their time, invaluable ideas, and encouragement. I would also like to extend my thanks to our collaborators, Dr. Peter Tijssen, Qian Yu, Maude Boisvert, and Judit Pénzes (Institut National de la Recherché Scientifique, Québec) for providing us with the original sAAV constructs that were used throughout the course of this project, and to Dr. Mario Mietzsch (UF, Charité Medical School) and Dr.
    [Show full text]