DOCSLIB.ORG

Conservation Status of Marine Mammals in Cambodian Waters, Including Seven New Cetacean Records of Occurrence Isabel L

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Conservation Status of Marine Mammals in Cambodian Waters, Including Seven New Cetacean Records of Occurrence Isabel L Aquatic Mammals 2007, 33(3), 368-379, DOI 10.1578/AM.33.3.2007.368 Conservation Status of Marine Mammals in Cambodian Waters, Including Seven New Cetacean Records of Occurrence Isabel L. Beasley1 and Peter J. A. Davidson2 1School of Tropical Environment Studies and Geography, James Cook University, Australia; E-mail: [email protected] 2Bird Studies Canada, British Columbia Program, 5421 Robertson Road, Delta, BC, V4L 3N2, Canada Abstract increased interest has been shown in recent years. Perrin et al. (1995, 1996, 2005) provide the most The first dedicated, boat-based marine mammal comprehensive outline on the current status of surveys in Cambodian coastal waters were con- marine mammal research and conservation in ducted over seven discrete survey periods, span- Southeast Asia. ning February to September 2001. These surveys There has been no previously documented covered the majority of Cambodian coastal waters, research on marine mammals along the Cambodian in addition to the main offshore islands. coastline, and the status of marine mammals in the As a result of these surveys, ten marine mammal adjacent waters of Vietnam and Thailand remains species have now been confirmed to occur in poorly known and little studied. Initial records of Cambodian waters. Six of these, the false killer cetaceans from Thai waters were noted in Bonhote whale, a long-beaked form of common dolphin, (1903) and Suvatti (1950). The first detailed pub- pantropical spotted dolphin, dwarf spinner dol- lished accounts were undertaken by Pilleri & phin, Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, and Indo- Gihr (1974), which focused on the examination Pacific humpback dolphin, constitute new country of marine mammal carcasses and skeletal mate- records for Cambodia. Additionally, a short-finned rial. Lekagul & McNeely (1977) also provided pilot whale was found live-stranded, constituting detailed species accounts; however, some iden- a further new country record. These initial results tifications therein were incorrect, despite being indicate that the current status of marine mammals based on the authors’ own photographs. A marine in Cambodian waters is encouraging, both in terms mammal research project was initiated in 1991 of species diversity and abundance. Cambodian through the Phuket Marine Biological Centre in waters appear to support regionally, if not globally, association with the Small Cetaceans in the Gulf significant populations of several of these species. of Thailand and Andaman Sea Project (Andersen The dugong is almost certainly the most highly & Kinze, 1999; Chantrapornsyl et al., 1996, 1999). threatened marine mammal in the region. Interview and boat-based surveys, in addition to Studies to date have provided important baseline morphological and life history studies on coastal knowledge regarding the status, distribution, and species, were undertaken in the Gulf of Thailand important areas of occurrence for marine mam- by Mahakunlayanakul (1996). Boat-based sur- mals in Cambodia. It is now essential that conser- veys were conducted in Songkhla Lake, southern vation and management strategies are developed Thailand, to assess the population of Irrawaddy and implemented. Public education and awareness dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris) (Beasley et al., and community-based management programs, as 2002), and aerial surveys have been conducted on well as stricter laws, regulations, and adequate the Andaman Sea coast to assess dugong (Dugong enforcement will be essential to conserving the dugon) distribution, abundance, and habitat use remaining marine mammal populations and ensur- (Hines, 2005). To date, 20 species are confirmed ing their survival in Cambodian coastal waters. from Thai waters. Although few dedicated sur- veys have been undertaken to assess abundance of Key Words: cetacean, dugong, conservation, marine mammals in Thai waters, indications are management, Cambodia, Indo-China that coastal populations are small and many may be declining. Introduction There have been few field studies of marine mammals along Vietnam’s 3,260 km of coastline. The status of marine mammals in Southeast Asia A series of marine mammal surveys were under- has received very little focused study, although taken in Vietnam that included riverine, coastal, Conservation Status of Cambodian Marine Mammals 369 and offshore waters (Smith et al., 1995, 1997). Koh Kong (near the Thailand border), dugongs Although only two groups of Indo-Pacific hump- were apparently most abundant near Prek Ksach. back dolphins (Sousa chinensis) and one small They were reportedly found in large groups, but unidentified whale were observed during these their numbers declined substantially as a result of field surveys, a number of marine mammals were hunting, fishing, and loss of seagrass (Nay, 1998). confirmed from “whale temples,” with over 100 Dugongs are now considered extirpated from skulls observed at 18 whale temples throughout the Koh Kong area (Nelson, 1999; Marsh et al., the country (Smith, 1996). Ho & Nghi (1999) 2002). present a review on the status of marine mammals Extensive research has recently been conducted in Vietnamese waters. Interviews and direct obser- by the first author on the Irrawaddy dolphin pop- vations have confirmed that the dugong inhabits ulation that inhabits the lower Mekong River of the waters surrounding Con Dao National Park, southern Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Vietnam (Cox, 2000). This may be one of the last This population now primarily inhabits a 190 km remaining populations of dugongs in Vietnamese stretch of river from Khone Falls (just north of waters; however, there is a strong possibility that the Lao PDR/Cambodian border), south to Kratie dugongs are moving between this and other sea- Township, Cambodia. Based on a combination grass habitats in adjacent Cambodia. Resulting of line-transect and photo-identification survey primarily from skeletal specimens, 17 marine methodologies from 2001 to 2005, the total popu- mammal species have been documented from lation was thought to only number between 127 Vietnamese waters. The small number of sight- to 161 individuals (95% CL = 89 to 289) as of ings during boat-based surveys indicates that the April 2005 (Beasley, 2007). The Irrawaddy dol- abundance of cetaceans in Vietnamese waters may phin population inhabiting the Mekong River is be alarmingly small. not discussed further in this paper. The first known records of marine mammals along Cambodian coastal waters are noted by Materials and Methods Lloze (1973) who describes records by Krempf (1924-1925) and Gruvel (1925) (both not viewed) Study Area who recorded (old nomenclature) Delphinus Cambodia’s coastline measures 435 km in delphis, Steno (sotalia) sinensis Flower, Steno length. The seaward boundary of the coastal (sotalia) plumbea Dussumier, Steno rostratus, zone has been delimited as the outer limit of the Neophocoena (Neomeris) phocoenoides, and Exclusive Economic Zone (seemingly referring to Orcaella brevirostris. Additionally, an Irrawaddy Cambodian territorial waters) and covers a total dolphin skull was described by Monsieur H. area of 55,600 km2 (Nelson, 1999). The coastal Argod (Lloze, 1973) as being found on one of zone is wholly encompassed within the Provinces the seven Pirate Isles, 6 km south of Kep (now of Koh Kong and Kampot, and the Municipalities in Vietnamese waters). The only previous infor- of Kompong Som (Sihanoukville) and Kep mation on marine mammals in Cambodia was (Nelson, 1999). outlined by Tana et al. (1995) and Perrin et al. Despite its relatively short length, the Cambodian (1996). During coastal surveys for coral and sea- coastline supports quite a variety of habitats. The grass, Nelson (1999) observed finless porpoise seas are generally shallow, seldom exceeding (Neophocaena phoceanoides) and Irrawaddy dol- 60 m even in the most remote offshore waters. phins. These are the only known confirmed records The seabed is generally of very gentle gradient, of cetaceans in the coastal waters of Cambodia. A lacking any marked “shelfing” or other prominent Workshop on Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles underwater features. There are substantial areas of of Cambodian, Thai and Vietnamese Waters was mangrove, most notably around Koh Kong Bay held at the Nha Trang Institute of Oceanography and the Peam Krasaop Wildlife Sanctuary imme- (8-13 February 1999) and is outlined in Andersen diately to the north (both in the northern coastal & Kinze (2000). This paper mentions evidence for section of Koh Kong Province), around the west- two new cetacean species records from Cambodia: ern and northern shores of Kompong Som Bay the bottlenose dolphin and finless porpoise (citing (southern Koh Kong Province), in Ream National the unpublished Andersen & Kinze 1996 work- Park (Kompong Som Municipality), and between shop report); these reports are regarded as uncon- Kampot and Kep (southern Kampot Province). firmed, however, as details on the locations and Sandy beaches are found along much of the specifics of the sightings were not provided, and country’s coastline, particularly in Kompong the Andersen & Kinze 1996 workshop report Som Municipality, but also in Koh Kong and remains unpublished. Dugongs were reported to Kampot Provinces, and the numerous bays around be abundant along parts of the Cambodian coast offshore islands. There are at least 52 islands until approximately 1975 (Nelson, 1999). In off the Cambodian mainland, many of which 370 Beasley and Davidson are uninhabited, varying in size from tiny rocky These distance
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cambodia-10-Contents.Pdf
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Cambodia Temples of Angkor p129 ^# ^# Siem Reap p93 Northwestern Eastern Cambodia Cambodia p270 p228 #_ Phnom Penh p36 South Coast p172 THIS EDITION WRITTEN AND RESEARCHED BY Nick Ray, Jessica Lee PLAN YOUR TRIP ON THE ROAD Welcome to Cambodia . 4 PHNOM PENH . 36 TEMPLES OF Cambodia Map . 6 Sights . 40 ANGKOR . 129 Cambodia’s Top 10 . 8 Activities . 50 Angkor Wat . 144 Need to Know . 14 Courses . 55 Angkor Thom . 148 Bayon 149 If You Like… . 16 Tours . 55 .. Sleeping . 56 Baphuon 154 Month by Month . 18 . Eating . 62 Royal Enclosure & Itineraries . 20 Drinking & Nightlife . 73 Phimeanakas . 154 Off the Beaten Track . 26 Entertainment . 76 Preah Palilay . 154 Outdoor Adventures . 28 Shopping . 78 Tep Pranam . 155 Preah Pithu 155 Regions at a Glance . 33 Around Phnom Penh . 88 . Koh Dach 88 Terrace of the . Leper King 155 Udong 88 . Terrace of Elephants 155 Tonlé Bati 90 . .. Kleangs & Prasat Phnom Tamao Wildlife Suor Prat 155 Rescue Centre . 90 . Around Angkor Thom . 156 Phnom Chisor 91 . Baksei Chamkrong 156 . CHRISTOPHER GROENHOUT / GETTY IMAGES © IMAGES GETTY / GROENHOUT CHRISTOPHER Kirirom National Park . 91 Phnom Bakheng. 156 SIEM REAP . 93 Chau Say Tevoda . 157 Thommanon 157 Sights . 95 . Spean Thmor 157 Activities . 99 .. Ta Keo 158 Courses . 101 . Ta Nei 158 Tours . 102 . Ta Prohm 158 Sleeping . 103 . Banteay Kdei Eating . 107 & Sra Srang . 159 Drinking & Nightlife . 115 Prasat Kravan . 159 PSAR THMEI P79, Entertainment . 117. Preah Khan 160 PHNOM PENH . Shopping . 118 Preah Neak Poan . 161 Around Siem Reap . 124 Ta Som 162 . TIM HUGHES / GETTY IMAGES © IMAGES GETTY / HUGHES TIM Banteay Srei District .
    [Show full text]
  • A Rapid Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Habitats and Selected
    A Rapid Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Habitats and Selected Species to Climate Risks in Chanthaburi and Trat (Thailand), Koh Kong and Kampot (Cambodia), and Kien Giang, Ben Tre, Soc Trang and Can Gio (Vietnam) Mark R. Bezuijen, Charlotte Morgan and Robert J. Mather BUILDING RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS-COASTAL SOUTHEAST ASIA Commission logo Our vision is a just world that values and conserves nature. Our mission is to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. The designation of geographical entities Copyright: © 2011 IUCN, International in Chanthaburi and Trat (Thailand), Koh in this book, and the presentation of the Union for Conservation of Nature and Kong and Kampot (Cambodia), and Kien material, do not imply the expression of Natural Resources Giang, Ben Tre, Soc Trang and Can Gio any opinion whatsoever on the part of (Vietnam). Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. IUCN or the European Union concerning Reproduction of this publication for the legal status of any country, territory, or educational or other non-commercial pur- ISBN: 978-2-8317-1437-0 area, or of its authorities, or concerning poses is authorized without prior written the delimitation of its frontiers or boundar- permission from the copyright holder pro- Cover photo: IUCN Cambodia ies. vided the source is fully acknowledged. Layout by: Ratirose Supaporn The views expressed in this publication do Reproduction of this publication for resale not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or or other commercial purposes is prohib- Produced by: IUCN Asia Regional Office the European Union ited without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
    [Show full text]
  • National Reports on Wetlands in South China Sea
    United Nations UNEP/GEF South China Sea Global Environment Environment Programme Project Facility “Reversing Environmental Degradation Trends in the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand” National Reports on Wetlands in South China Sea First published in Thailand in 2008 by the United Nations Environment Programme. Copyright © 2008, United Nations Environment Programme This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publicationas a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. UNEP/GEF Project Co-ordinating Unit, United Nations Environment Programme, UN Building, 2nd Floor Block B, Rajdamnern Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. Tel. +66 2 288 1886 Fax. +66 2 288 1094 http://www.unepscs.org DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of UNEP or the GEF. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP, of the GEF, or of any cooperating organisation concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, of its authorities, or of the delineation of its territories or boundaries. Cover Photo: A vast coastal estuary in Koh Kong Province of Cambodia. Photo by Mr. Koch Savath. For citation purposes this document may be cited as: UNEP, 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • An Economic Analysis of Alternative Mangrove Management Strategies in Koh Kong Province, Cambodia
    ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA An Economic Analysis of Alternative Mangrove Management Strategies in Koh Kong Province, Cambodia Camille Bann EEPSEA RESEARCH REPORT SERIES EEPSEA is supported by a consortium of donors and administered by IDRC. Mailing address: Tanglin PO Box 101, Singapore 912404. ARCHIV Visiting address: 7th Storey RELC Building, 30 Orange Grove Road. Tel: 65 235 1344 Fax: 65 235 1849 107388 Internet: [email protected] and [email protected] Website: http://www.idrc.org.sg/eepsea Comments should be sent to the author, Camille Bann at Flat 5, 28 Charleville Road, London W14 9JH, United Kingdom, Tel/Fax: 44 171 381 3193 The Economy and Environment Program for South East Asia (EEPSEA) was established in May 1993 to support research and training in environmental and resource economics. Its objective is to enhance local capacity to undertake the economic analysis of environmental problems and policies. It uses a networking approach, involving courses, meetings, technical support, access to literature and opportunities for comparative research. Member countries are Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, China, PNG and Sri Lanka. EEPSEA's funding ' is provided by a. consortium of donors. As of December 1996, this Sponsors Group consisted of IDRC (Canada), Sida (Sweden), Danida (Denmark), CIDA (Canada), ODA (UK), the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of Norway and the Netherlands and the MacArthur Foundation (USA). EEPSEA Research Reports are the outputs of research projects supported by EEPSEA. They have been peer reviewed and edited. In some cases, longer versions are available from the authors. EEPSEA also issues a Special Papers Series, consisting of commissioned papers emphasizing research methodology.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Seagrass Meadow and Green Turtle in Cambodia Author(S
    Title Seagrass meadow and green turtle in Cambodia Author(s) Sereywath, Pich; Sokhannaro, Hep Proceedings on the 4th SEASTAR2000 Workshop (2003): 36- Citation 39 Issue Date 2003 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/44128 Right Type Conference Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University 36 Seagrass meadow and green turtle in Cambodia P ICH S EREYWATH and HEP SOKHANNARO Department of Fisheries,# 186 Norodom Blvd, P.O.Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Tel: (855) 12 303 255!11 957 884, Fax: (855) 23 219 256 Email: [email protected] (Bibliographic citation: Sereywath, P. & H. Sokhannaro. 2003. Segrass Meadow and Green turtle in Cambodia ABSTRACT Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) have been reported as an abundant species among five species of sea turtles in Cambodia's sea. Green turtle have been known as plant eaters. Mainly a few species of seagrass In Cambodia, four large seagrass meadows have been selected as demonstration sites in two provinces and one municipality. KKSG1 and KKSG2 were selected in Koh Kong province, KAMPSG1 in Kampot Province, and KEPSG1 in Kep Municipality. So far, there is no confident information that have been mentioned about seagrass species and specific seagrass species which are the most favored species for green turtle even some survey had been conducted. Becase the process of the survey did not continue, feeding ground zoning for sea turtles have not been set up yet. To address this issue, survey on seagrass species conducted in 2002 in KAMPSG1 and KEPSG1 by using three methods are 1. to interview with local people who are living around seagrass area, 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Livelihood Lessons and Consideration for Pmmr in Koh Kong, Cmbodia
    Page 1 of 12 LIVELIHOOD LESSONS AND CONSIDERATION FOR PMMR IN KOH KONG, CMBODIA BACKGROUND Of the five component objectives for phase 1 of the PMMR project, livelihood options proved to be quite challenging. In retrospect, this makes sense, given how complicated rural livelihoods are and how there are no 'easy fix' solutions PMMR had undertaken some grouper and sea bass cage culture, which had not worked for various reasons', and were interested in further exploring ideas. One lesson the team had already learned was that Technical Experts and Advisors could give great sounding advice, that wouldn't necessarily work on the ground. For these reasons, the team welcomed the chance to have someone come down to Koh Kong, with significant field experience, to work with the team over several weeks. Karen Vidler, an Australian mangrove and fisheries expert, had significant experience both in Australia and in the Philippines working with fishers and as an Advisor to various coastal projects. She was interested in coastal work in other parts of Asia, and volunteered to work with PMMR for several weeks. Having a young professional who could take the time to both facilitate classroom lessons and then carry out work in the field was exactly what PMMR needed. OBJECTIVES to explore the idea of' livelihoods to explore potential livelihood options' for PKWS to draw upon lessons Karen has learned from the Philippines and Australia to consider which places in the Philippines would be useful for the PMMR team to do a local study tour. LET THE LESSONS BEGIN After time in the field and a discussion of PMMR, the team discussed four areas that they would like to learn more about: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Climate Resilience in Southeast Asia Partnership (UCRSEA)
    Urban Climate Resilience in Southeast Asia Partnership (UCRSEA) IDRC Grant Number: 107776-001 Partner organisations involved in the project • Centre for Environment and Community Research, Vietnam • Centre for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University, Vietnam • Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand • Department of Urban Environment, National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic • Faculty of Environment and Resources Studies, Mahasarakham University, Thailand • Geography Department, University of Yangon, Myanmar • Graduate Program in Development Studies, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia • Mercy Corps Myanmar • Ministry of the Environment, General Department of Administration for Nature Conservation and Protection, Cambodia • Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Thailand • Regional Centre for Social Science and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand • Renewable Energy Association Myanmar • Research Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Khon Kaen University, Thailand Lead organisations • Thailand Environment Institute Foundation (TEI) • Asian Institute, Munk School of Global Affairs, University of Toronto Location of study: Cambodia (Battambang and Koh Kong), Myanmar (Bago and Dawei), Thailand (Khon Kaen and Mukdahan), Vietnam (Ninh Binh and Lao Cai) Authored and Submitted by: Dr. Pakamas Thinphanga – Thailand Environment Institute Foundation Final Technical Report 4 October 2019 “© 2019, UCRSEA/Thailand Environment Institute” “Disseminated under Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)” Table of Content I. Executive summary 1 II. The research problem 2 III. Progress towards milestones 8 IV. Synthesis of research results and development outcomes 13 V. Methodology 23 VI. Project outputs 26 VII. Problems and challenges 28 VIII. Administrative reflections and recommendations 32 IX. References 32 X.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Secondary Education Sector Development Program: Construction of 73 Subprojects Initial Environmental Examination
    Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Project Number: 47136-003 Loan 3427-CAM (COL) July 2019 Kingdom of Cambodia: Upper Secondary Education Sector Development Program (Construction of 73 sub-projects: 14 new Secondary Resource Centers (SRCs) in 14 provinces, 5 Lower Secondary School (LSSs) upgrading to Upper Secondary School (USSs) in four provinces and 10 overcrowded USSs in six provinces) and 44 Teacher Housing Units or Teacher Quarters (TQs) in 21 provinces) This initial environmental assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AP -- Affected people CCCA -- Cambodia Climate Change Alliance CMAC -- Cambodian Mine Action Centre CMDG -- Cambodia Millennuum Development Goals CLO – Community Liaison Officer EA – Executing Agency EARF -- Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EHS -- Environmental and Health and Safety EHSO – Environmental and Health and Safety Officer EIA -- Environmental Impact Assessment EMIS – Education Management Information System EMP – Environmental Management Plan EO – Environment and Social Safeguard Officer ERC – Education Research
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Needs of the Dugong Dugong Dugon in Cambodia and Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam
    Oryx Vol 42 No 1 January 2008 Conservation needs of the dugong Dugong dugon in Cambodia and Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam Ellen Hines, Kanjana Adulyanukosol, Phay Somany, Leng Sam Ath, Nick Cox, Potchana Boonyanate and Nguyen Xuan Hoa Abstract This research was conducted to assess the species be strengthened and enforced. In collaboration location of population groups and conservation issues with the Cambodian and Vietnamese governments and affecting dugongs Dugong dugon along the eastern Gulf NGOs, we propose the exploration of alternative non- of Thailand off Cambodia and Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam. destructive fishing methods and the initiation of an Interviews in fishing communities in 2002 and 2004 education campaign based on conservation of marine along the Cambodian coast revealed that dugongs are wildlife and the nearshore environment. National and sporadically found in fishing nets and their body parts transboundary management and community-based con- are sold for a relatively large profit. During 4 days of servation are required in conjunction with strategies to aerial surveys in Cambodia in 2004 we saw no dugongs. address overfishing and poverty. We interviewed villagers in Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam, in 2002 and learnt that dugongs are regularly found and hunted, again for high profits. In both countries Keywords Cambodia, Dugong dugon, Phu Quoc Island, we recommend that legislation addressing threatened marine mammal, Vietnam. Introduction of dugongs near Phu Quoc Island (Perrin et al., 1995). In the Gulf of Thailand there are small numbers of dugongs The dugong Dugong dugon is categorized as Vulnerable in eastern Thailand close to the border with Cambodia on the IUCN Red List because of population declines, (Hines et al., 2003, 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • Cambodia E 0 50 Miles
    # 0 100 km Off the Beaten Track: Cambodia e 0 50 miles PREAH VIHEAR PROVINCE RATANAKIRI PROVINCE Prasat Preah Vihear is king of the Visit Conservation International's T H A I L A N D mountain temples with an incredible pioneering ecotourism project to spot L A O S clifftop setting. Other Angkorian the rare yellow-cheeked gibbon that +# sights worth an adventurous detour Prasat inhabits Veun Sai-Siem Reap Pang PREK TOAL include Koh Ker and Preah Conservation Area or delve deep into Veun Vihear Sai-Siem BIRD SANCTUARY Preah Khan. +# the interior of Virachey Pang +# Ú# National Park. Conservation Venture to remote Prek Toal, gateway Area •# Anlong #÷ Virachey to a world-class bird sanctuary that •# #÷ National Veng Choam Park provides refuge to some of the Ksant RATANAKIRI world's rarest large water birds, such PREAH VIHEAR PROVINCE +# •# Veun Sai as the milky stork and spot-billed PROVINCE •#Trapeang Preah Rumkel •# pelican. •# Kriel Koh Ker Ú# Preah Vihear •# +# +# City (Tbeng Ban Lung Meanchey) Stung •# Sisophon Siem •# Treng Reap Preah M Ú# e •# Khan k PREK TOAL o MEKONG n BIRD SANCTUARY#÷ •# Floating Village g DISCOVERY of Chong Kneas R i TRAIL v •#Battambang r +# e •# e Koh Nhek r Tonlé v Sap i +# R Pailin n •# Moung e Russei S •# CARDAMOM Kompong •# Thom MONDULKIRI MOUNTAINS Pursat Elephant •# PROVINCE Valley •# Kratie The Cardamom Mountains are great #æProject for adventure travel. Engage in •# Baray Sre +# community tourism activities across •# Kthum Chhlong •# this remote region, including Osoam V I E T N A M ecotourismKo initiatives Chang at Chi Phat, •# •# Romeas •# Snuol CARDAMOM T Cardamom Tented Camp and Stung R o +# MOUNTAINS n MONDULKIRI PROVINCE l Areng Community Based e S Ecotourism.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambodia Status and Trends in Environmental Management and Options for Future Action
    Final Report submitted to the United States Agency for International Development Environmental Review: Cambodia Status and Trends in Environmental Management and Options for Future Action Including Interim Environmental Strategic Plan (IESP) And FAA 118/119 Assessment USAID Contract No. LAG-I-00-99-00013-00, Task Order No. 805 Submitted by: ARD-BIOFOR IQC Consortium 159 Bank Street, Suite 300 Burlington, Vermont 05401 telephone: (802) 658-3890 fax: (802) 658-4247 email: [email protected] October 2001 Table of Contents Executive Summary.............................................................................................................. iii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................. vii 1. Purpose and Approach .................................................................................................. 1 2. The Cambodian Context................................................................................................ 2 2.1 Biophysical.................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Socioeconomic............................................................................................................. 2 2.3 Value of Natural Resources to the Nation and Rural People ......................................... 3 3. Status and Trends in Natural Habitats and Agricultural Ecosystems......................... 5 3.1 Forests ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ko Samui to Ko Samui
    STAR CLIPPERS SHORE EXCURSIONS Ko Samui, Thailand - Ko Pha Ngan, Thailand – Ko Wua Ta Lap & Ko Mae Ko, Thailand – Ko Tao, Thailand – Ko Talu*, Thailand – Pattaya, Thailand – Ko Samet, Thailand – Ko Mak/ Ko Kham, Thailand – Sihanoukville, Cambodia – Koh Rong, Cambodia – Ko Samui, Thailand * (only on 11 nights cruise) All tours are offered with English speaking guides. The length of the tours is given as an indication only as it may vary depending on the road, weather, sea and traffic conditions and the group’s pace. Time spent on site is also given on an indicative basis only. Minimum number of participants indicated per coach or group The level of physical fitness required for our activities is given as a very general indication without any knowledge of our passenger’s individual abilities. Broadly speaking to enjoy activities such as walking, hiking, biking, snorkelling, boating or other activities involving physical exertion, passengers should be fit and active. Passengers must judge for themselves whether they will be capable of participating in and above all enjoying such activities. All information concerning excursions is correct at the time of printing. However Star Clippers reserves the right to make changes, which will be relayed to passengers during the Cruise Director’s onboard information sessions. STAR CLIPPERS SHORE EXCURSIONS Hiking tours in National Parks, please note : Please observe that only official National Park guides are authorised to conduct tours. These official guides are local people employed directly by the National Park Authorities; they are knowledgeable about local flora and fauna, but English is not their mother tongue, and they may not be able to engage in long conversations with visitors.
    [Show full text]