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The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People: an Overview (Full Publication; 5 May

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The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People: an Overview (Full Publication; 5 May The health and welfare of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people an overview 2011 The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare is Australia’s national health and welfare statistics and information agency. The Institute’s mission is better information and statistics for better health and wellbeing. © Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2011 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be directed to the Head of the Communications, Media and Marketing Unit, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, GPO Box 570, Canberra ACT 2601. A complete list of the Institute’s publications is available from the Institute’s website <www.aihw.gov.au>. ISBN 978 1 74249 148 6 Suggested citation Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2011. The health and welfare of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, an overview 2011. Cat. no. IHW 42. Canberra: AIHW. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Board Chair Hon. Peter Collins, AM, QC Director David Kalisch Any enquiries about or comments on this publication should be directed to: Communication, Media and Marketing Unit Australian Institute of Health and Welfare GPO Box 570 Canberra ACT 2601 Phone: (02) 6244 1032 Email: [email protected] Published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Printed by Paragon Printers Australasia Please note that there is the potential for minor revisions of data in this report. Please check the online version at <www.aihw.gov.au> for any amendments. Contents Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vi Key points .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vii 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Structure of this report .......................................................................................................................................................................................................4 2. Demographic characteristics ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Age structure .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8 2.2 Geographical distribution ...............................................................................................................................................................................................9 2.3 Household composition ................................................................................................................................................................................................11 3 Determinants of health and welfare..........................................................................................................................................................................13 3.1 Socioeconomic factors .....................................................................................................................................................................................................15 3.2 Housing and transport ....................................................................................................................................................................................................22 3.3 Community capacity ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................27 3.4 Behavioural factors .............................................................................................................................................................................................................30 3.5 Social and emotional wellbeing ............................................................................................................................................................................37 4 Health and functioning ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................41 4.1 Community functioning .................................................................................................................................................................................................43 4.2 Disability .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................46 4.3 Health conditions ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................48 5 Mortality and life expectancy ................................................................................................................................................................................................61 5.1 Life expectancy ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................63 5.2 All-cause mortality ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................64 5.3 Leading causes of Indigenous mortality ......................................................................................................................................................66 5.4 Premature mortality due to chronic diseases .........................................................................................................................................68 5.5 Trends in Indigenous mortality .............................................................................................................................................................................70 6 Health across the life stages ......................................................................................................................................................................................................73 6.1 Mothers and babies ............................................................................................................................................................................................................75 6.2 Children ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................80 6.3 Young people ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................84 6.4 Older people ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................88 Contents iii 7 Health care and other support services ..............................................................................................................................................................93 7.1 Preventive care ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................95 7.2 Primary and community health services .....................................................................................................................................................98 7.3 Hospital services ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................99
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