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Breeding Varroa Resistant Bees Part 4 Raising, Mating & Making Use Of Breeding varroa resistant bees Part 4 Forsman, Idestriim & Ósterlund Raising, mating & making use of queens Part 13 Tiesler & Englert Queen introduction using natural queen cells Albert Knight What's all this about DNA? Dorian Pritchard SICAMM Majka Budzynska-Bu www.•i• •. I Raising, mating and making use Breeding Groups B.I.B.B.A. of queens The ending of the above series will Annual General Meeting This issue sees the final instalment leave a hole in the magazine which 2006 of this series. Our thanks are due to will need to be filled. Articles of all will take place at the National Friedrich-Karl Tiesler and posthu- kinds will be most welcome for con- Beekeeping Headquarters mously to Eva Englert, who died in sideration. In particular I would like Stoneleigh Park, Kenilworth 1989 shortly after completion of the to see much more about local BIBBA on Sunday 23rd of April original book; also to Bernhard groups in the magazine. I am commencing at 10.30 am. Mdbus, an old BIBBA hand, for the struck, as Beowulf Cooper was, by translation. the way the spoken and written Guest Speaker Sue Cobey, The philosophy and techniques they word is only a starting point - what Staff Apiarist, University of Ohio have described are what underlay gets the real progress made is actu- the total transformation of beekeep- al breeding work on the ground, and Over the last few years we have ing in the then West Germany from it often seems to be groups which tried to take the drudge out of our about 1950, during which honey achieve the most. A. G. M.s yields per colony more than doubled In this connection, Albert Knight has Sometimes we were too quick and and docility vastly improved over the decided to resign as BIBBA Groups we have taken on board all your previous situation, described by Secretary because of his ongoing comments and fair criticisms. This Rattner as an "unholy racial mess" eye condition. He will be giving his year we intend to programme a (sounds familiar?). This was only full support to his successor, Sandra member's forum in order to give possible with massive official support Unwin of Oldham (details opposite). time to open a dialogue and to air and a high degree of organisation. Sandra has some new ideas and will your views and concerns. There are still enthusiasts for the be contacting existing groups. She An organisation requires new blood native dark bee in several parts of will need the support of all of us in with fresh ideas and the Committee Germany, as well as Buckfast sup- maintaining, extending and publicis- are always looking for that special porters. The chosen subspecies for ing the work of local groups. talent to augment the efforts of the the German breeding programme present members. The Secretary was however the Carniolan from would welcome nominations. upper Austria and Yugoslavia. Some Dates for your diary Members of the Bee Instrumental have pointed out that with hindsight, Insemination Group will also be wel- equal or better progress could have BIBBA AGM, Stoneleigh, April come. been made using the native bee, 23rd, 2006. particularly in Northern Germany. BIBBA Conference, Bath Spa Be that as it may, German beekeep- University College, September 8th- David Allen ers and scientists have been remark- 11th , 2006. ably generous in sharing their knowl- SICAMM Conference, Versailles, edge and experience, which are France, September 18th-22nd 2006. largely applicable to any subspecies, Apimondia 2007, Melbourne, with those of other countries. Long Australia, September 9th - 14th, may it continue. 2007. Philip Denwood 2 © 2005 Bee Improvement is a publication of the Bee Improvement and Bee Breeders' Association No 22 Winter 2005-6 Queen introduction using natural queen cells Albert Knight Breeding varroa resistant bees Part 4 Tore Forsman, Per Idestrdm & Erik Osterlund What's all this about DNA? Dorian Pritchard An appreciation of shared knowledge (cover story) Gay Noonan The role of BIBBA Terry Clare Obituary: Mr.D.J.Deasy Eddie O'Sullivan Raising, mating and making use of queens Part 13 F.-K. Tiesler & E. Englert Beard of Bees Gay Noonan So next year — what is going to happen? Terry Clare Book review Dorian Pritchard Research Report R.A.Ilyasov SICAMM Majka Budzynska-Bu SICAMM Conference 2006 Bee Improvement and Bee Breeders' Association Founded in 1964 for the conservation, restoration, study, selection and improvement of native and near native bees of Britain and Ireland. Registered UK charity No.273827 http://www.bibba.com President: Micheál Mac Giolla Coda, Burncourt, Cahir, Co. Tipperary, Ireland <[email protected]> (00 353)52 67205 Secretary: David Allen, 75 Newhall Road, Sandall, Doncaster, South Yorkshire DN31QQ <[email protected]> 01302 885813 Membership Secretary: Brian Dennis, 50 Station Road, Cogenhoe, Northants NN7 1LU <[email protected]> Treasurer: Tom Robinson, 71 Broadway, York YO1 43P < [email protected]> Breeding Groups Secretary: Sandra Unwin, 66 Elm Rd, Limehurst Village. Oldham OL8 3LB 01616 523313 <[email protected]> Postal Book Sales: John Perkins, Tinker's Mill, Crickmerry, Market Drayton, Shropshire TF9 2BG <[email protected]> 01630 638762 Bee Improvement Magazine Scientific Advisor: Professor Francis Ratnieks, University of Sheffield, Dept. of Animal & Plant Sciences, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN 0114 2220070 < [email protected]> www.shef.ac.uk/—taplab/ Bee Improvement Magazine Editor: Philip Denwood, Hillview, Bulbourne, Tring, Herts HP23 5QE. <[email protected]> 01442 827602 Cover photo: Gay Noonan. Jim Power inspecting an Apidea frame, Galtee Bee Breeding Group queen rearing & colony evaluation day, Burncourt, S.Tipperary, May 2005. © 2005 Bee Improvement is a publication of the Bee Improvement and Bee Breeders' Association 3 Queen introduction using natural queen cells Albert Knight A party of 12 beekeepers from Chile visited the observation hives. Laboratory of Animal Sciences and Social Insects at This involved taking brood combs and the bees on them Sheffield University on Thursday the 18th of August 2005. from the colony and installing them in an observation After a tour of the lab guided by Antonio Sato they were hive. The workers were all numbered with discs as used joined by members of the East Midlands BIBBA Group. for marking queens and the workers that cleared cells of The party then were taken to Losefield Hall to the apiary dead larvae were recorded using the number on the site of Professor Ratnieks, where Antonio has been carry- worker's thorax. ing out various projects on the colonies and nuclei there. Collecting this data established which particular groups Antonio described the way he has been introducing vir- of workers were the ones with hygienic behaviour. In gin queens into nucs that have had a mated queen other words, which sub-families had this trait. A colony removed. The virgin queens are four days old because consists of several sub-families, for a queen mates with a they are hatched in an incubator and held in cages while number of drones during her mating flights. Let's say she DNA analysis is carried out on a small portion of wing mates with 15 drones, then there are 15 sub-families in snipped from the tip of one wing. This does not prevent the colony headed by that queen. The queen is the the queen from flying. mother of all, but there are 15 different fathers, therefore Because the queen is four days old she is not as easy to 15 different patrilines (patrilineal meaning descendent introduce, therefore Antonio has devised a method of from the father). introduction using a natural queen cell. These cells have Once the workers who are hygienic have been identified been saved intact after queens have emerged from them then DNA analysis is carried out to determine the patri- in the incubator. Plastic cell cups were used to raise the line of the hygienic bees. queen cells in the first place by transferring larvae into them (grafting) so the queen cells are still attached to the Knowing this, and by carrying out DNA analysis on virgin plastic cups. With a razor blade the wax queen cell is queens raised from the larvae of the queens heading the sliced open down its full length and opened up so as to hygienic colonies, the queens belonging to the hygienic allow the virgin queen to be placed inside. The queen is patrilines can be identified. placed in head pointing to the tip and the cell closed up After an excellent lunch funded by BIBBA at the Losehill as it was before. The tip is kept blocked by one finger Hall conference centre the party travelled to the East until a small amount of honey and wax is placed in posi- Midlands mating site in the Upper Derwent Valley where tion to block the tip. The honey and wax is picked up by nucs there were examined and the methods used a hive tool by just digging a piece out of the comb using explained to the visitors. Everyone seemed pleased with the corner of the hive tool. the visit and the visitors expressed their thanks to Using this method queens have been successfully intro- Antonio and the BIBBA members for their hospitality and duced with a 98% success rate. the tour of the facilities. The reason for carrying out DNA analysis on the virgin Albert Knight queens is to determine if the queens are of a patriline that has hygienic behaviour. Work was carried out on Prof. Francis Ratnieks' colonies earlier, using the liquid nitrogen method and freezing a section of sealed brood to ascertain the percentage of hygienic behaviour of a colony by counting the number of cells cleared of dead larvae after 48 hours.
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