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Disability and Also After Discussing with Persons with Disabilities HANDBOOK DISABILITY & DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PROJECT Strengthening of Emergency Response Capabilities with Emphasis on Differently Abled People PUBLISHED BY State Emergency Operations Centre Kerala State Disaster Management Authority Government of Kerala Edition First, December 2016 Prepared by Joe John George State Project Officer GoI-UNDP Project, SEOC Edited by Dr Sekhar L. Kuriakose Member Secretary, KSDMA & Head (Scientist), SEOC Published by State Emergency Operations Centre Kerala State Disaster Management Authority Department of Revenue & Disaster Management Government of Kerala Released by Hon’ble Minister for Revenue & Disaster Management, Govt. of Kerala, on 7-12-2016 f For more details, Contact:- 1) State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) 2nd Floor, Revenue Complex, Public Office Compound Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala - PIN 695 033 Email : [email protected] Tel/Fax : +91 (0)471 233 1345 Website : sdma.kerala.gov.in 2) State Emergency Operations Centre (SEOC) 2nd Floor, Education Block, ILDM PTP Nagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala – PIN 695 038 Email : [email protected] Tel/Fax : +91(0) 471 236 4424 Website : disasterlesskerala.org Disclaimer This handbook has been prepared after a series of consultations with the experts in disaster risk reduction/disability and also after discussing with persons with disabilities. It has also gone through peer review before publishing. This document may be reproduced or translated, in part of whole, purely on non-profit basis. While so doing, kindly acknowledge the source. We welcome receiving suggestions on its adaptation or use which may be sent to [email protected]. This document can be downloaded from www.disasterlesskerala.org Project Strengthening of Emergency Response Capabilities with Emphasis on Differently Abled People Published by State Emergency Operations Centre Kerala State Disaster Management Authority Department of Revenue & Disaster Management Government of Kerala 2016 ‘Towards a safer State’ 1 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA KERALA STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY GOVERNMENT OF KERALA 2 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to Disaster Management Pg 12 Chapter 2 Introduction to Disability Pg 33 Chapter 3 Disability inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction Pg 49 Chapter 4 Mainstreaming disability into Disaster Risk Reduction Pg 57 Chapter 5 First Aid & Survival Skills Pg 65 Chapter 6 Training Persons with Disability Pg 91 Annexures Pg 99 3 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA ABBREVIATIONS CBO Community Based Organization CBRN Chemical Biological Radiological and Nuclear CBDRR Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction CPR Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation CSO Civil Society Organisation CWC Central Water Commission DM Disaster Management DRR Disaster Risk Reduction DDMA District Disaster Management Authority ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESFP Emergency Support Functions Plan EWS Early Warning System GDP Gross Domestic Product GSI Geological Survey of India ILDM Institute of Land & Disaster Management IMD India Meteorological Department INCOIS Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services IPCC Inter Government Panel on Climate Change KSDMA Kerala State Disaster Management Authority KSDMPo Kerala State Disaster Management Policy KSDMR Kerala State Disaster Management Rules LSG Local Self Government NCESS National Centre for Earth Science Studies 4 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA NEOC National Emergency Operations Centre NISH National Institute of Speech & Hearing NGO Non Governmental Organisation NDRF National Disaster Response Force PFA Psychological First Aid PPT Power Point Presentation PRI Panchayat Raj Institution PWD Person(s)/People With Disabilities RRC Regional Response Centre SDMA State Disaster Management Authority SDG Sustainable Development Goals SDRF State Disaster Relief Force SEOC State Emergency Operations Centre UN United Nations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNCRPD United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 5 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA disability 6 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA Introduction ndia is highly vulnerable to natural disasters, almost every part of the country falls in at least one natural hazard zone or other which makes it difficult for the people to cope with the I impact of these incidents. The matter gets worse when the people are more vulnerable like persons with disability. India has been actively pursuing a paradigm shift in disaster management from a relief centric approach in the past to the current holistic one, encompassing all facets of disaster management. India is one of the ten worst disaster prone countries of the world. The country is prone to disasters due to number of factors; both natural and human induced, including adverse geo climatic conditions, topographic features, environmental degradation, population growth, urbanization, industrialization, non-scientific development practices etc. The factors either in original or by accelerating the intensity and frequency of disasters are responsible for heavy toll of human lives and disrupting the life supporting system in the country. Disasters are not bound by political, social, economic or geographic boundaries; when it occurs, it impacts all. Globally, there has been an increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years. Disasters affect everybody, but vulnerable groups the most. Persons with disabilities are particularly vulnerable because they are poorly understood, marginalized and often invisible. Persons with disabilities make up 15 percent of the global population. They can be children, adults and older persons including men and women throughout all parts of the society. Disability is a cross-cutting issue. Access to the same opportunities and services as other community members is a fundamental right of persons with disabilities. This includes the right to be represented and included in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) activities. DRR is a process of considering hazards, vulnerabilities and capacities and identifying ways to prevent or limit the negative effects of the hazards that can cause disaster. Understanding disability is the starting point for developing disability-inclusive DRR and hence this handbook is prepared to have a better understanding on this subject. In the year 2013, the theme of International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction (13th October) was ‘living with disability & disasters’. The official estimate of people with disabilities in India, obtained through the latest Population Census and National Sample Survey Organisation’s comprehensive surveys on disability, puts the figure as about 21 million (roughly around 2 percent of the population). However, estimates vary across sources and a new World Bank Report on disabled persons in India, has observed that, there is a growing evidence that people with disabilities comprise between 5 and 8 per cent of the Indian population (around 55 – 90 million individuals). 7 | Handbook on Disability & DRR | KSDMA About the Project ‘Strengthening of emergency response capabilities with emphasis on differently abled people’ is a project launched by Kerala State Disaster Management Authority (KSDMA). The motto of KSDMA is ‘towards a safer State’; to achieve this motto, KSDMA is ensuring safety of people in the State from various hazards which also include People With Disabilities (PWD). As PWDs are highly vulnerable to various kinds of disasters/emergencies, this project is designed to ensure the safety of those who are PWDs. The project envisions a safer state for PWDs by building their capacity towards disaster preparedness, risk reduction, response, rehabilitation etc. KSDMA desires to disseminate this training module through DDMAs by conducting trainings, workshops and consultation with stakeholders/PWDs and caregivers. However, to benefit the entire population of PWDs, likeminded agencies, institutions, NGOs, CSOs etc shall use this handbook to educate and empower those PWDs who are in their care. According to disability census 20151, Kerala is home for 7,93,937 PWDs, which is 2.32% of the total population of the State. This includes 22 different types of disabilities. Objectives of the Project 1. To reduce the risks and enhance resilience of people with disabilities towards disasters. 2. To build the capacity of the people with disabilities and their caregivers to prepare and respond to any emergencies. 3. To reduce the vulnerability of people with disabilities to natural & anthropogenic hazards by enhancing their participation and inclusion in disaster management activities. 4. To enhance the capacity of the stakeholders engaged with disability and disaster risk management towards disability inclusive disaster risk reduction. Process followed Kerala State Disaster Management Authority has entrusted State Emergency Operations Centre (SEOC) to implement the project and coordinate the trainings at the State level. Two state level consultations were held at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala; one on 11th May 2016 and the follow up on 30th June 2016. These two consultations were represented by the officials from the government departments of the State as well as Non-Government Organisations and experts. Moreover, to identify the training needs and to understand the difficulties faced by the people with disabilities and their perception towards disasters, Focussed Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted with PWDs prior to designing this handbook. 1 House
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