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Mainstreaming Disability Into Disaster Risk Reduction

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Mainstreaming Disability Into Disaster Risk Reduction Mainstreaming Disability into Disaster Risk Reduction ICBDRM training for national level DRM actors Kathmandu, Nepal 16 July 2012 Presentation by: Dul Raj Chimariya 8/13/2012 1 Presentation includes • Concepts of mainstreaming • Why to mainstream Disability into DRR? • Principles of Inclusion • National and international normative frameworks • Disability Model • Approach to mainstreaming Disability into DRR • Some examples of replicable good practices • Conclusion 8/13/2012 2 What is mainstreaming ? • A process rather than an end goal that consists of bringing an issue that may be seen as marginal into the core business of the organisation. The end goal is sustainable development without risks. • A process of bringing the marginalized groups/issues into the core business. After being mainstreamed, the marginalized groups / issues should be able to participate on an equal basis in the core business. • An approach to include a specific issue (gender, disability, DRM) in the different aspects (social, legal, political, economic) of an organism (community, country, NGOs) 8/13/2012 3 Why to include disability into DRR? 1. Discrimination and barriers: Nature does not dictate that persons with disabilities should be first to die during disaster. Gender based discrimination and social and environmental barriers their vulnerabilities. 2. Disability and poverty: Poverty is both cause and consequences of disability and vice – versa. Persons with disabilities and women, being poor, live in the area which is exposed to hazards in poor quality shelters, have less capacities to cope with disasters. 3. Disability and disasters: Persons with disabilities are more vulnerable in disasters due to their impairment, existing barriers and their socio-economic situation. 8/13/2012 4 Why to include……….. 4. Disasters create new impairments / disability. 5. Persons with disabilities tend to be invisible in disasters. 6. Exclusion of persons with disabilities in DRR interventions is putting new barriers for them and not letting them participate in development processes. 7. Human rights are universal, indivisible and equal for all. Persons with disabilities have the same human rights as anyone else. However, they are often denied these rights.The right to live, the right for shelter etc. are human rights equal for everybody. 8. Life saving ratio is 1:3 to 1:5 9. Disaster Risk = Hazard X Vulnerability Capacity 8/13/2012 5 8/13/2012 6 8/13/2012 7 8/13/2012 8 8/13/2012 9 1st principle of inclusion: REPRESENTATION & PARTICIPATION for an inclusive DECISION-MAKING • In First Preparedness Meeting Participation • In District Disaster Relief Committee • In VDC level Flood Response Committees Disabled concern groups Women’s associations HIV/AIDS support groups Youth clubs Specific social groups associations etc. 8/13/2012 10 2nd Principle of inclusion : DISAGGREGATED DATA BY SEX, AGE AND SPECIFIC CONDITION Population Estimation for Minimum Preparedness % of Pop.(use dist.% Total affected population Total displaced population indicators if available) Male Female Total Male Female Total Total Affected Population 100,000 Av 6/ h 16,700 # of households Women in reproductive age 25% 25,000 #elderly people, Population above 60 years of age # children up to 19 years 46% 46,000 Adolescent 10-19 yrs 22% 22,000 # of pregnant disable women #persons experiencing severe social stigma (e.g. Dalit), detainees #extremely poor people, #people with pre-existing, severe physical, neurological or mental disabilities or disorders, #persons suffering from chronic illness HIV/AIDS infected population # pregnant and breastfeeding women 5% 5,000 # Pregnant women 2.3% 2,300 Estimated # of deliveries/months 0.25% 250 Estimated # of infants/months 0.25% 250 Expected # of women with EOC/months 0.038% 38 Expected # of infants with complications/ month 0.025% 25 #children 6-9 years 11% 11,000 #children U5 13% 13,000 # children 6-11 months 1% 1,000 # children12-23 months 3% 3,000 #children 24-59 months 8% 8,000 #children 6-59 months 12% 12,000 Malnourished children 6-59 months (GAM) 13% 1560 Moderately acute malnourished 6-59 months 10% 1200 -In district reports 3% 360 Severely malnourished children 6-59 mnths -In district demographic information -In community mapping, etc. 8/13/2012 11 3rd Principle of inclusion: INFORMATION TO ALL Public Information Campaign: if we want to reach ALL the public, messages may need to be passed in more than a single way to reach children, persons with hearing, visual or intellectual impairments, using diverse channels by representative civil society groups: HIV/AIDS support groups, Disabled Concern Groups, Women’s associations, Dalit groups, etc. 8/13/2012 12 4th Principle of inclusion: IDENTIFICATION AND ADDRESS OF SPECIFIC NEEDS 5 In identification of shelter/assistive devices 5 In the study of needs assessment and analysis 5 In preparedness, response mechanism 8/13/2012 13 Disability Model Charity Medical Social Right based Model Model Model Model Early 20th Mid-20th Late 20th 21st century century century century PwDs seen Disability seen as direct Disability seen as the Disability is seen as as suffering result of personnel result of limitation denial of human people to be impairment problem of imposed by rights. Unequal cared for the individual directly environmental barriers. opportunity to caused by disease, The problems is placed participate in society trauma or other health on discrimination and and unequal access conditions. exclusion coming from to service the society Whatever is Solutions are designed Removal of barriers Empower PwDs and done for by medical experts on linked to physical, to guarantee their PwDs is done the basis of medical attitudinal and rights to equal and out of charity. diagnosis information and active participation communication in socio-economic, cultural and political activities and equal access to service Disability Model Model Charity Medical Social Right based Model Model Model Model Dignity Low High Depend High Low ency Sustaina Low High bility Inclusio Low High n Approach to mainstreaming Disability into DRR 8/13/2012 16 The Twin Track Approach to Disability Personnel Factor Environmental Factors Specializedzed ServicesS Inclusiveve StrStrategies • Corrective Surgeryry • Therapy (Physiotherapy,hera Occupational • Access to lifeline servicevice ((health, Therapy, prosthetic and orthotic education etc.) service) • Barrier free environment • Rehabilitation • Positive community attitudes • Aids and Equipment • Inclusion in planning and decision • Assistive devices • Sign Language interpreter making • Information in Braille • Livelihood, credit and employment • Supported Employment opportunities • Care Taker • Rights and social justice • Adapted transportation services For Equal Opportunities and Full Participation Principle: As much inclusion approach as possible and specialized support as and when necessary Effective approach to mainstream disabilities Twin Track Approach to Mainstreaming Disability: Promote Access for persons with disabilities to Mainstream DRR Services Specialist Services to Empower PWDs (Non-specialist services for society (Rehabilitation services for people with in general) temporary or permanent impairment) for Reducing Vulnerability and Increasing Capacity of persons with disabilities Mainstreaming model from ProVention consortium Evidenced based advocacy National Government Coordination Working MoWCSW, Group MoLD, MOHA, MoE, MoPR, MoPH, MoPPW DPOsDPOsO Observers / Invitees NFDN, DHRC, NAB, NFDH, HI, DPOD, NADH, Shia, NHRC, NDWA, NAPD, OHCHR, AAN, Koshish, VSO, CS, AWMR, DUDBC, ILC NAIDP, CRN What is Our role ? Change Agents Actors (Supportive) Fence Sitters Opponents (Neutral) At which level can disability be mainstreamed Program mainstreaming Workplace mainstreaming Programs and services are inclusive Creating an inclusive, barrier-free and accessible for persons with workplace where persons with disabilities allowing them to benefit disabilities can participate equally equally Mainstreaming Disability Policy mainstreamingng Inclusion of disability into policies Mainstreaming in Development and strategic instruments at Inclusion of disability and persons national and international level with disabilities into the general to address institutional barriers development agenda, programs and that exclude them from equal strategies to achieve inclusive participation development that benefits all Disability Inclusive DRR Some examples of replicable good practices 8/13/2012 24 Composition of community DMC by gender and disabilities • 15 inclusive community Disaster Management Committees in three working district namely, Dang, Kanchanpur and Dadeldhura. • Out of 201 members of DMC, 43 per cent members are women and rest 57 per cent members are men. • Meanwhile, 10 per cent members Members of DMC by social inclusion are pregnant women/ lactating 10% Pregnant mothers, 19 per cent members are women 19% PwDs persons with disabilities, 10 per cent 54% members are elderly citizens, 7 per Elderly cent members are children. 7% 10% Community members participated in inclusive CBDRM orientation by gender and disabilities Z Out of 526 community members participated in project orientation, 62 members (24 %) are persons with disabilities. Z Out of 62 persons with disabilities participated in inclusive CBDRM project orientation, 56 % are women with disabilities. Z Out of 526 community members participated in inclusive CBDRM project orientation, 286 members (54 %) are women. Composition of partner staff by disability
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